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Heuer SE, Bloss EB, Howell GR. Strategies to dissect microglia-synaptic interactions during aging and in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2024; 254:109987. [PMID: 38705570 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Age is the largest risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder that causes a progressive and severe dementia. The underlying cause of cognitive deficits seen in AD is thought to be the disconnection of neural circuits that control memory and executive functions. Insight into the mechanisms by which AD diverges from normal aging will require identifying precisely which cellular events are driven by aging and which are impacted by AD-related pathologies. Since microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, are known to have critical roles in the formation and maintenance of neural circuits through synaptic pruning, they are well-positioned to modulate synaptic connectivity in circuits sensitive to aging or AD. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of the field and on emerging technologies being employed to elucidate microglia-synaptic interactions in aging and AD. We also discuss the importance of leveraging genetic diversity to study how these interactions are shaped across more realistic contexts. We propose that these approaches will be essential to define specific aging- and disease-relevant trajectories for more personalized therapeutics aimed at reducing the effects of age or AD pathologies on the brain. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Microglia".
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Heuer
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Erik B Bloss
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
| | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.
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2
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Zhang M, Liang C, Chen X, Cai Y, Cui L. Interplay between microglia and environmental risk factors in Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1718-1727. [PMID: 38103237 PMCID: PMC10960290 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, among the most common neurodegenerative disorders, is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment. At present, the Alzheimer's disease main risk remains genetic risks, but major environmental factors are increasingly shown to impact Alzheimer's disease development and progression. Microglia, the most important brain immune cells, play a central role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and are considered environmental and lifestyle "sensors." Factors like environmental pollution and modern lifestyles (e.g., chronic stress, poor dietary habits, sleep, and circadian rhythm disorders) can cause neuroinflammatory responses that lead to cognitive impairment via microglial functioning and phenotypic regulation. However, the specific mechanisms underlying interactions among these factors and microglia in Alzheimer's disease are unclear. Herein, we: discuss the biological effects of air pollution, chronic stress, gut microbiota, sleep patterns, physical exercise, cigarette smoking, and caffeine consumption on microglia; consider how unhealthy lifestyle factors influence individual susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease; and present the neuroprotective effects of a healthy lifestyle. Toward intervening and controlling these environmental risk factors at an early Alzheimer's disease stage, understanding the role of microglia in Alzheimer's disease development, and targeting strategies to target microglia, could be essential to future Alzheimer's disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiongjin Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lili Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
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3
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Liu JA, Walker WH, Meléndez-Fernández OH, Bumgarner JR, Zhang N, Walton JC, Meares GP, DeVries AC, Nelson RJ. Dim light at night shifts microglia to a pro-inflammatory state after cerebral ischemia, altering stroke outcome in mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114796. [PMID: 38677449 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are endogenous biological cycles that regulate physiology and behavior and are set to precisely 24-h by light exposure. Light at night (LAN) dysregulates physiology and function including immune response; a critical component that contributes to stroke pathophysiological progression of neuronal injury and may impair recovery from injury. The goal of this study is to explore the effects of dim LAN (dLAN) in a murine model of ischemic stroke to assess how nighttime lighting from hospital settings can affect stroke outcome. Further, this study sought to identify mechanisms underlying pathophysiological changes to immune response after circadian disruption. Male and female adult Swiss Webster (CFW) mice were subjected to transient or permanent focal cerebral ischemia, then were subsequently placed into either dark night conditions (LD) or one night of dLAN (5 lx). 24 h post-stroke, sensorimotor impairments and infarct sizes were quantified. A single night of dLAN following MCAO increased infarct size and sensorimotor deficits across both sexes and reduced survival in males after 24 h. Flow cytometry was performed to assess microglial phenotypes after MCAO, and revealed that dLAN altered the percentage of microglia that express pro-inflammatory markers (MHC II+ and IL-6) and microglia that express CD206 and IL-10 that likely contributed to poor ischemic outcomes. Following these results, microglia were reduced in the brain using Plexxikon 5622 (PLX 5622) a CSFR1 inhibitor, then the mice received an MCAO and were exposed to LD or dLAN conditions for 24 h. Microglial depletion by PLX5622 resulted in infarct sizes that were comparable between lighting conditions. This study provides supporting evidence that environmental lighting exacerbates ischemic injury and post-stroke mortality by a biological mechanism that exposure to dLAN causes a fundamental shift of activated microglial phenotypes from beneficial to detrimental at an early time point after stroke, resulting in irreversible neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.
| | - William H Walker
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - O Hecmarie Meléndez-Fernández
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Jacob R Bumgarner
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - James C Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Gordon P Meares
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States; Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States; West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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4
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Sato RY, Zhang Y, Kotake KT, Onishi H, Ito S, Norimoto H, Zhou Z. CSF1R inhibitor PLX3397 depletes microglia in Mongolian gerbil Meriones unguiculatus, but not in syrian hamster Mesocricetus auratus. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 155:29-34. [PMID: 38677783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the residential immune cells in the central nervous system. Their roles as innate immune cells and regulators of synaptic remodeling are critical to the development and the maintenance of the brain. Numerous studies have depleted microglia to elucidate their involvement in healthy and pathological conditions. PLX3397, a blocker of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), is widely used to deplete mouse microglia due to its non-invasiveness and convenience. Recently, other small rodents, including Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) and Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), have been recognized as valuable animal models for studying brain functions and diseases. However, whether microglia depletion via PLX3397 is feasible in these species remains unclear. Here, we administered PLX3397 orally via food pellets to hamsters and gerbils. PLX3397 successfully depleted gerbil microglia but had no effect on microglial density in hamsters. Comparative analysis of the CSF1R amino acid sequence in different species hints that amino acid substitutions in the juxtamembrane domain may potentially contribute to the inefficacy of PLX3397 in hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Y Sato
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Koki T Kotake
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hiraku Onishi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shiho Ito
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Norimoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Zhiwen Zhou
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
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5
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Huang T, Gong XK, Liang Z, Yang R, Wu L, Yang C, Wu M, Wang XC, Shu XJ, Bao J. Exercised-enriched blood plasma rescues hippocampal impairments and cognitive deficits in an Alzheimer's disease model. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167197. [PMID: 38653353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and moderate exercise holds promise in ameliorating the ongoing neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Here, we investigated whether exercise-enriched blood plasm could yield a beneficial therapeutic effect on AD pathologies and cognitive decline in transgenic AD (P301S) mice. In this investigation, a cohort of 2-month-old C57BL/6 mice were granted continuous access to either a running wheel or a fixed wheel for 6 weeks. After that, their plasmas were extracted and subsequently injected intravenously into 4.5-month-old P301S mice biweekly over a 6-week period. A comprehensive methodology was then employed, integrating behavioral tests, pathology assessments, and biochemical analyses to unveil the potential anti-dementia implications of exercise-enriched blood plasma in P301S mice. Upon systemic administration, the findings revealed a noteworthy attenuation of hippocampus-dependent behavioral impairments in P301S mice. Conversely, blood plasma from sedentary counterparts exhibited no discernible impact. These effects were intricately associated with the mitigation of neuroinflammation, the augmentation of hippocampal adult neurogenesis, and a reduction of synaptic impairments following the administration of exercise-enriched blood plasma. These findings advance the proposition that administering exercise-enriched blood plasma may serve as an effective prophylactic measure against AD, opening avenues for further exploration and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Gong
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zheng Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Liangwei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Chaoqing Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Mengjuan Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xi-Ji Shu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Jian Bao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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6
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Ma L, Zhu X, Tang C, Pan P, Yadav A, Liang R, Press K, Nelson J, Su H. CNS resident macrophages enhance dysfunctional angiogenesis and circulating monocytes infiltration in brain arteriovenous malformation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:925-937. [PMID: 38415628 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241236008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Myeloid immune cells are abundant in both ruptured and unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs). The role of central nervous system (CNS) resident and circulating monocyte-derived macrophages in bAVM pathogenesis has not been fully understood. We hypothesize that CNS resident macrophages enhance bAVM development and hemorrhage. RNA sequencing using cultured endothelial cells (ECs) and mouse bAVM samples revealed that downregulation of two bAVM causative genes, activin-like kinase 1 (ALK1) or endoglin, increased inflammation and innate immune signaling. To understand the role of CNS resident macrophages in bAVM development and hemorrhage, we administrated a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor to bAVM mice with brain focal Alk1 deletion. Transient depletion of CNS resident macrophages at an early stage of bAVM development mitigated the phenotype severity of bAVM, including a prolonged inhibition of angiogenesis, dysplastic vasculature formation, and infiltration of CNS resident and circulating monocyte-derived macrophages during bAVM development. Transient depletion of CNS resident macrophages increased EC tight junction protein expression, reduced the number of dysplasia vessels and severe hemorrhage in established bAVMs. Thus, EC AVM causative gene mutation can activate CNS resident macrophages promoting bAVM progression. CNS resident macrophage could be a therapeutic target to mitigate the development and severity of bAVMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chaoliang Tang
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peipei Pan
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alka Yadav
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rich Liang
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kelly Press
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey Nelson
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hua Su
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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7
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Mallach A, Zielonka M, van Lieshout V, An Y, Khoo JH, Vanheusden M, Chen WT, Moechars D, Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Fiers M, De Strooper B. Microglia-astrocyte crosstalk in the amyloid plaque niche of an Alzheimer's disease mouse model, as revealed by spatial transcriptomics. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114216. [PMID: 38819990 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The amyloid plaque niche is a pivotal hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we employ two high-resolution spatial transcriptomics (ST) platforms, CosMx and Spatial Enhanced Resolution Omics-sequencing (Stereo-seq), to characterize the transcriptomic alterations, cellular compositions, and signaling perturbations in the amyloid plaque niche in an AD mouse model. We discover heterogeneity in the cellular composition of plaque niches, marked by an increase in microglial accumulation. We profile the transcriptomic alterations of glial cells in the vicinity of plaques and conclude that the microglial response to plaques is consistent across different brain regions, while the astrocytic response is more heterogeneous. Meanwhile, as the microglial density of plaque niches increases, astrocytes acquire a more neurotoxic phenotype and play a key role in inducing GABAergic signaling and decreasing glutamatergic signaling in hippocampal neurons. We thus show that the accumulation of microglia around hippocampal plaques disrupts astrocytic signaling, in turn inducing an imbalance in neuronal synaptic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mallach
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Magdalena Zielonka
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle van Lieshout
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yanru An
- BGI Research, 49276 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Marisa Vanheusden
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Discovery Biology, Muna Therapeutics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Discovery Biology, Muna Therapeutics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daan Moechars
- Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Lorena Arancibia-Carcamo
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Mark Fiers
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Bart De Strooper
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Neurosciences and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
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8
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Eskandari-Sedighi G, Crichton M, Zia S, Gomez-Cardona E, Cortez LM, Patel ZH, Takahashi-Yamashiro K, St Laurent CD, Sidhu G, Sarkar S, Aghanya V, Sim VL, Tan Q, Julien O, Plemel JR, Macauley MS. Alzheimer's disease associated isoforms of human CD33 distinctively modulate microglial cell responses in 5XFAD mice. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:42. [PMID: 38802940 PMCID: PMC11129479 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia play diverse pathophysiological roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with genetic susceptibility factors skewing microglial cell function to influence AD risk. CD33 is an immunomodulatory receptor associated with AD susceptibility through a single nucleotide polymorphism that modulates mRNA splicing, skewing protein expression from a long protein isoform (CD33M) to a short isoform (CD33m). Understanding how human CD33 isoforms differentially impact microglial cell function in vivo has been challenging due to functional divergence of CD33 between mice and humans. We address this challenge by studying transgenic mice expressing either of the human CD33 isoforms crossed with the 5XFAD mouse model of amyloidosis and find that human CD33 isoforms have opposing effects on the response of microglia to amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Mice expressing CD33M have increased Aβ levels, more diffuse plaques, fewer disease-associated microglia, and more dystrophic neurites compared to 5XFAD control mice. Conversely, CD33m promotes plaque compaction and microglia-plaque contacts, and minimizes neuritic plaque pathology, highlighting an AD protective role for this isoform. Protective phenotypes driven by CD33m are detected at an earlier timepoint compared to the more aggressive pathology in CD33M mice that appears at a later timepoint, suggesting that CD33m has a more prominent impact on microglia cell function at earlier stages of disease progression. In addition to divergent roles in modulating phagocytosis, scRNAseq and proteomics analyses demonstrate that CD33m+ microglia upregulate nestin, an intermediate filament involved in cell migration, at plaque contact sites. Overall, our work provides new functional insights into how CD33, as a top genetic susceptibility factor for AD, modulates microglial cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sameera Zia
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Leonardo M Cortez
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zain H Patel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | | | - Gaurav Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Susmita Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Vivian Aghanya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Valerie L Sim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Qiumin Tan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Olivier Julien
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jason R Plemel
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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9
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Barclay KM, Abduljawad N, Cheng Z, Kim MW, Zhou L, Yang J, Rustenhoven J, Mazzitelli JA, Smyth LCD, Kapadia D, Brioschi S, Beatty W, Hou J, Saligrama N, Colonna M, Yu G, Kipnis J, Li Q. An inducible genetic tool to track and manipulate specific microglial states reveals their plasticity and roles in remyelination. Immunity 2024:S1074-7613(24)00258-9. [PMID: 38821054 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Recent single-cell RNA sequencing studies have revealed distinct microglial states in development and disease. These include proliferative-region-associated microglia (PAMs) in developing white matter and disease-associated microglia (DAMs) prevalent in various neurodegenerative conditions. PAMs and DAMs share a similar core gene signature. However, the extent of the dynamism and plasticity of these microglial states, as well as their functional significance, remains elusive, partly due to the lack of specific tools. Here, we generated an inducible Cre driver line, Clec7a-CreERT2, that targets PAMs and DAMs in the brain parenchyma. Utilizing this tool, we profiled labeled cells during development and in several disease models, uncovering convergence and context-dependent differences in PAM and DAM gene expression. Through long-term tracking, we demonstrated microglial state plasticity. Lastly, we specifically depleted DAMs in demyelination, revealing their roles in disease recovery. Together, we provide a versatile genetic tool to characterize microglial states in CNS development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kia M Barclay
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nora Abduljawad
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zuolin Cheng
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Immunology Graduate Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Justin Rustenhoven
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jose A Mazzitelli
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Leon C D Smyth
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dvita Kapadia
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Simone Brioschi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wandy Beatty
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - JinChao Hou
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Naresha Saligrama
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63112, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Qingyun Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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10
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Wickel J, Chung HY, Ceanga M, von Stackelberg N, Hahn N, Candemir Ö, Baade-Büttner C, Mein N, Tomasini P, Woldeyesus DM, Andreas N, Baumgarten P, Koch P, Groth M, Wang ZQ, Geis C. Repopulated microglia after pharmacological depletion decrease dendritic spine density in adult mouse brain. Glia 2024. [PMID: 38780213 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Microglia are innate immune cells in the brain and show exceptional heterogeneity. They are key players in brain physiological development regulating synaptic plasticity and shaping neuronal networks. In pathological disease states, microglia-induced synaptic pruning mediates synaptic loss and targeting microglia was proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy. However, the effect of microglia depletion and subsequent repopulation on dendritic spine density and neuronal function in the adult brain is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated whether pharmacological microglia depletion affects dendritic spine density after long-term permanent microglia depletion and after short-term microglia depletion with subsequent repopulation. Long-term microglia depletion using colony-stimulating-factor-1 receptor (CSF1-R) inhibitor PLX5622 resulted in increased overall spine density, especially of mushroom spines, and increased excitatory postsynaptic current amplitudes. Short-term PLX5622 treatment with subsequent repopulation of microglia had an opposite effect resulting in activated microglia with increased synaptic phagocytosis and consequently decreased spine density and reduced excitatory neurotransmission, while Barnes maze and elevated plus maze testing was unaffected. Moreover, RNA sequencing data of isolated repopulated microglia showed an activated and proinflammatory phenotype. Long-term microglia depletion might be a promising therapeutic strategy in neurological diseases with pathological microglial activation, synaptic pruning, and synapse loss. However, repopulation after depletion induces activated microglia and results in a decrease of dendritic spines possibly limiting the therapeutic application of microglia depletion. Instead, persistent modulation of pathological microglia activity might be beneficial in controlling synaptic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wickel
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Ha-Yeun Chung
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mihai Ceanga
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Nikolai von Stackelberg
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Nina Hahn
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Özge Candemir
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Carolin Baade-Büttner
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Nils Mein
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Paula Tomasini
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Dan M Woldeyesus
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Nico Andreas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Baumgarten
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp Koch
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Marco Groth
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Christian Geis
- Section of Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
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11
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Monticelli S, Sommer A, AlHajj Hassan Z, Garcia Rodriguez C, Adé K, Cattenoz P, Delaporte C, Gomez Perdiguero E, Giangrande A. Early-wave macrophages control late hematopoiesis. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1284-1301.e8. [PMID: 38569551 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages constitute the first defense line against the non-self, but their ability to remodel their environment in organ development/homeostasis is starting to be appreciated. Early-wave macrophages (EMs), produced from hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-independent progenitors, seed the mammalian fetal liver niche wherein HSCs expand and differentiate. The involvement of niche defects in myeloid malignancies led us to identify the cues controlling HSCs. In Drosophila, HSC-independent EMs also colonize the larva when late hematopoiesis occurs. The evolutionarily conserved immune system allowed us to investigate whether/how EMs modulate late hematopoiesis in two models. We show that loss of EMs in Drosophila and mice accelerates late hematopoiesis, which does not correlate with inflammation and does not rely on macrophage phagocytic ability. Rather, EM-derived extracellular matrix components underlie late hematopoiesis acceleration. This demonstrates a developmental role for EMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monticelli
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Alina Sommer
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Zeinab AlHajj Hassan
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Clarisabel Garcia Rodriguez
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kémy Adé
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Cattenoz
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Claude Delaporte
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Macrophages and endothelial cells unit, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, UMR3738 CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Angela Giangrande
- IGBMC, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR, S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France.
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12
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Fruhwürth S, Zetterberg H, Paludan SR. Microglia and amyloid plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease - Evidence, possible mechanisms, and future challenges. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 390:578342. [PMID: 38640827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline that severely affects patients and their families. Genetic and environmental risk factors, such as viral infections, synergize to accelerate the aging-associated neurodegeneration. Genetic risk factors for late-onset AD (LOAD), which accounts for most AD cases, are predominantly implicated in microglial and immune cell functions. As such, microglia play a major role in formation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, the major pathological hallmark of AD. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the role of microglia in Aβ plaque formation, as well as their impact on morphological and functional diversity of Aβ plaques. Based on this discussion, we seek to identify challenges and opportunities in this field with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Fruhwürth
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London Queen Square, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Søren R Paludan
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammatory Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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13
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Vinnakota JM, Biavasco F, Schwabenland M, Chhatbar C, Adams RC, Erny D, Duquesne S, El Khawanky N, Schmidt D, Fetsch V, Zähringer A, Salié H, Athanassopoulos D, Braun LM, Javorniczky NR, Ho JNHG, Kierdorf K, Marks R, Wäsch R, Simonetta F, Andrieux G, Pfeifer D, Monaco G, Capitini C, Fry TJ, Blank T, Blazar BR, Wagner E, Theobald M, Sommer C, Stelljes M, Reicherts C, Jeibmann A, Schittenhelm J, Monoranu CM, Rosenwald A, Kortüm M, Rasche L, Einsele H, Meyer PT, Brumberg J, Völkl S, Mackensen A, Coras R, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Albert NL, Bartos LM, Brendel M, Holzgreve A, Mack M, Boerries M, Mackall CL, Duyster J, Henneke P, Priller J, Köhler N, Strübing F, Bengsch B, Ruella M, Subklewe M, von Baumgarten L, Gill S, Prinz M, Zeiser R. Targeting TGFβ-activated kinase-1 activation in microglia reduces CAR T immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. NATURE CANCER 2024:10.1038/s43018-024-00764-7. [PMID: 38741011 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells can cause immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). However, the molecular mechanisms leading to ICANS are not well understood. Here we examined the role of microglia using mouse models and cohorts of individuals with ICANS. CD19-directed CAR (CAR19) T cell transfer in B cell lymphoma-bearing mice caused microglia activation and neurocognitive deficits. The TGFβ-activated kinase-1 (TAK1)-NF-κB-p38 MAPK pathway was activated in microglia after CAR19 T cell transfer. Pharmacological TAK1 inhibition or genetic Tak1 deletion in microglia using Cx3cr1CreER:Tak1fl/fl mice resulted in reduced microglia activation and improved neurocognitive activity. TAK1 inhibition allowed for potent CAR19-induced antilymphoma effects. Individuals with ICANS exhibited microglia activation in vivo when studied by translocator protein positron emission tomography, and imaging mass cytometry revealed a shift from resting to activated microglia. In summary, we prove a role for microglia in ICANS pathophysiology, identify the TAK1-NF-κB-p38 MAPK axis as a pathogenic signaling pathway and provide a rationale to test TAK1 inhibition in a clinical trial for ICANS prevention after CAR19 T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaki Manoja Vinnakota
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Biavasco
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marius Schwabenland
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chintan Chhatbar
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rachael C Adams
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel Erny
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Duquesne
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadia El Khawanky
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmidt
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Viktor Fetsch
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Zähringer
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Henrike Salié
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Athanassopoulos
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas M Braun
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nora R Javorniczky
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jenny N H G Ho
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Kierdorf
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Marks
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Wäsch
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Federico Simonetta
- Division of Hematology, Geneva University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gianni Monaco
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Single-Cell Omics Platform Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Capitini
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Terry J Fry
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado and Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Thomas Blank
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eva Wagner
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Theobald
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Clemens Sommer
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Stelljes
- Department of Medicine/Hematology and Oncology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Reicherts
- Department of Medicine/Hematology and Oncology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Astrid Jeibmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Martin Kortüm
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leo Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp T Meyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Brumberg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Völkl
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Mackensen
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Coras
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Department of Medicine III, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nathalie L Albert
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura M Bartos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Adrien Holzgreve
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Nephrology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Crystal L Mackall
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Henneke
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- Department of Psychiatry, Technischen Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Natalie Köhler
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix Strübing
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bertram Bengsch
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Ruella
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marion Subklewe
- Department of Medicine III, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Louisa von Baumgarten
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Saar Gill
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute for Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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14
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Henningfield CM, Soni N, Lee RW, Sharma R, Cleland JL, Green KN. Selective targeting and modulation of plaque associated microglia via systemic hydroxyl dendrimer administration in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:101. [PMID: 38711159 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Alzheimer's disease (AD), microglia surround extracellular plaques and mount a sustained inflammatory response, contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease. Identifying approaches to specifically target plaque-associated microglia (PAMs) without interfering in the homeostatic functions of non-plaque associated microglia would afford a powerful tool and potential therapeutic avenue. METHODS Here, we demonstrated that a systemically administered nanomedicine, hydroxyl dendrimers (HDs), can cross the blood brain barrier and are preferentially taken up by PAMs in a mouse model of AD. As proof of principle, to demonstrate biological effects in PAM function, we treated the 5xFAD mouse model of amyloidosis for 4 weeks via systemic administration (ip, 2x weekly) of HDs conjugated to a colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor (D-45113). RESULTS Treatment resulted in significant reductions in amyloid-beta (Aβ) and a stark reduction in the number of microglia and microglia-plaque association in the subiculum and somatosensory cortex, as well as a downregulation in microglial, inflammatory, and synaptic gene expression compared to vehicle treated 5xFAD mice. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that systemic administration of a dendranib may be utilized to target and modulate PAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caden M Henningfield
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Neelakshi Soni
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Ryan W Lee
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Rishi Sharma
- Ashvattha Therapeutics, Inc, Redwood City, CA, 94065, USA
| | | | - Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, 3208 Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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15
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Reynders A, Anissa Jhumka Z, Gaillard S, Mantilleri A, Malapert P, Magalon K, Etzerodt A, Salio C, Ugolini S, Castets F, Saurin AJ, Serino M, Hoeffel G, Moqrich A. Gut microbiota promotes pain chronicity in Myosin1A deficient male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:S0889-1591(24)00397-0. [PMID: 38710336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a heavily debilitating condition and a huge socio-economic burden, with no efficient treatment. Over the past decade, the gut microbiota has emerged as an important regulator of nervous system's health and disease states. Yet, its contribution to the pathogenesis of chronic somatic pain remains poorly documented. Here, we report that male but not female mice lacking Myosin1a (KO) raised under single genotype housing conditions (KO-SGH) are predisposed to develop chronic pain in response to a peripheral tissue injury. We further underscore the potential of MYO1A loss-of-function to alter the composition of the gut microbiota and uncover a functional connection between the vulnerability to chronic pain and the dysbiotic gut microbiota of KO-SGH males. As such, parental antibiotic treatment modifies gut microbiota composition and completely rescues the injury-induced pain chronicity in male KO-SGH offspring. Furthermore, in KO-SGH males, this dysbiosis is accompanied by a transcriptomic activation signature in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) macrophage compartment, in response to tissue injury. We identify CD206+CD163- and CD206+CD163+ as the main subsets of DRG resident macrophages and show that both are long-lived and self-maintained and exhibit the capacity to monitor the vasculature. Consistently, in vivo depletion of DRG macrophages rescues KO-SGH males from injury-induced chronic pain underscoring a deleterious role for DRG macrophages in a Myo1a-loss-of function context. Together, our findings reveal gene-sex-microbiota interactions in determining the predisposition to injury-induced chronic pain and point-out DRG macrophages as potential effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reynders
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France.
| | - Z Anissa Jhumka
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Annabelle Mantilleri
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Pascale Malapert
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Karine Magalon
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Anders Etzerodt
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Chiara Salio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Sophie Ugolini
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, INSER, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Francis Castets
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Andrew J Saurin
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Matteo Serino
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, Université de Toulouse-Paul Sabatier, INSERM, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Hoeffel
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, INSER, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Aziz Moqrich
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Marseille, France.
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16
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Miyanishi K, Hotta-Hirashima N, Miyoshi C, Hayakawa S, Kakizaki M, Kanno S, Ikkyu A, Funato H, Yanagisawa M. Microglia modulate sleep/wakefulness under baseline conditions and under acute social defeat stress in adult mice. Neurosci Res 2024; 202:8-19. [PMID: 38029860 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Although sleep is tightly regulated by multiple neuronal circuits in the brain, nonneuronal cells such as glial cells have been increasingly recognized as crucial sleep regulators. Recent studies have shown that microglia may act to maintain wakefulness. Here, we investigated the possible involvement of microglia in the regulation of sleep quantity and quality under baseline and stress conditions through electroencephalography (EEG)/electromyography (EMG) recordings, and by employing pharmacological methods to eliminate microglial cells in the adult mouse brain. We found that severe microglial depletion induced by the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) antagonist PLX5622 (PLX) reversibly decreased the total wake time and the wake episode duration and increased the EEG slow-wave power during wakefulness under baseline conditions. To examine the role of microglia in sleep/wake regulation under mental stress, we used the acute social defeat stress (ASDS) paradigm, an ethological model for psychosocial stress. Sleep analysis under ASDS revealed that microglial depletion exacerbated the stress-induced decrease in the total wake time and increase in anxiety-like behaviors in the open field test. These results demonstrate that microglia actively modulate sleep quantity and architecture under both baseline and stress conditions. Our findings suggest that microglia may potentially provide resilience against acute psychosocial stress by regulating restorative sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Miyanishi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Noriko Hotta-Hirashima
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Chika Miyoshi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satsuki Hayakawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Miyo Kakizaki
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satomi Kanno
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Aya Ikkyu
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Funato
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Department of Anatomy, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan.
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17
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Boskovic P, Gao W, Kipnis J. Will cellular immunotherapies end neurodegenerative diseases? Trends Immunol 2024; 45:329-337. [PMID: 38600001 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders present major challenges to global health, exacerbated by an aging population and the absence of therapies. Despite diverse pathological manifestations, they share a common hallmark, loosely termed 'neuroinflammation'. The prevailing dogma is that the immune system is an active contributor to neurodegeneration; however, recent evidence challenges this. By analogy with road construction, which causes temporary closures and disruptions, the immune system's actions in the central nervous system (CNS) might initially appear destructive, and might even cause harm, while aiming to combat neurodegeneration. We propose that the application of cellular immunotherapies to coordinate the immune response towards remodeling might pave the way for new modes of tackling the roadblocks of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavle Boskovic
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Wenqing Gao
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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18
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Surala M, Soso-Zdravkovic L, Munro D, Rifat A, Ouk K, Vida I, Priller J, Madry C. Lifelong absence of microglia alters hippocampal glutamatergic networks but not synapse and spine density. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2348-2374. [PMID: 38589666 PMCID: PMC11094096 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia sculpt developing neural circuits by eliminating excess synapses in a process called synaptic pruning, by removing apoptotic neurons, and by promoting neuronal survival. To elucidate the role of microglia during embryonic and postnatal brain development, we used a mouse model deficient in microglia throughout life by deletion of the fms-intronic regulatory element (FIRE) in the Csf1r locus. Surprisingly, young adult Csf1rΔFIRE/ΔFIRE mice display no changes in excitatory and inhibitory synapse number and spine density of CA1 hippocampal neurons compared with Csf1r+/+ littermates. However, CA1 neurons are less excitable, receive less CA3 excitatory input and show altered synaptic properties, but this does not affect novel object recognition. Cytokine profiling indicates an anti-inflammatory state along with increases in ApoE levels and reactive astrocytes containing synaptic markers in Csf1rΔFIRE/ΔFIRE mice. Notably, these changes in Csf1rΔFIRE/ΔFIRE mice closely resemble the effects of acute microglial depletion in adult mice after normal development. Our findings suggest that microglia are not mandatory for synaptic pruning, and that in their absence pruning can be achieved by other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Surala
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Neurophysiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luna Soso-Zdravkovic
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Neurophysiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Munro
- University of Edinburgh and UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ali Rifat
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Neurophysiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Koliane Ouk
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Imre Vida
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- University of Edinburgh and UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZNE Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich and German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christian Madry
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Neurophysiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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19
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Jiang H, Roy P, Guo Y, Muzik O, Woodcock EA. Automated radiosynthesis of [ 11C]CPPC for in-human PET imaging applications. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2024; 14:144-148. [PMID: 38737641 PMCID: PMC11087290 DOI: 10.62347/mxkz6739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) is almost exclusively expressed in microglia, representing a biomarker target for imaging of microglia availability. [11C]CPPC has specific binding affinity to CSF1R and suitable kinetic properties for in vivo PET imaging of microglia. However, previous studies reported a low radiochemical yield, motivating additional research to optimize [11C]CPPC radiochemistry. In this work, we report an automated radiosynthesis of [11C]CPPC on a Synthra MeIPlus module with improved radiochemical yield. The final [11C]CPPC product was obtained with excellent chemical/radiochemical purities and molecular activity, facilitating high-quality in-human PET imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huailei Jiang
- Cyclotron and Radiochemistry Core, Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, MI, USA
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State UniversityDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Pritam Roy
- Cyclotron and Radiochemistry Core, Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, MI, USA
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State UniversityDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Yan Guo
- Cyclotron and Radiochemistry Core, Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, MI, USA
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State UniversityDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Otto Muzik
- PET Center, Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroit, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Wayne State UniversityDetroit, MI, USA
| | - Eric A Woodcock
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroit, MI, USA
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20
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Wang L, Zheng J, Zhao S, Wan Y, Wang M, Bosco DB, Kuan CY, Richardson JR, Wu LJ. CCR2 + monocytes replenish border-associated macrophages in the diseased mouse brain. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114120. [PMID: 38625796 PMCID: PMC11105166 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Border-associated macrophages (BAMs) are tissue-resident macrophages that reside at the border of the central nervous system (CNS). Since BAMs originate from yolk sac progenitors that do not persist after birth, the means by which this population of cells is maintained is not well understood. Using two-photon microscopy and multiple lineage-tracing strategies, we determine that CCR2+ monocytes are significant contributors to BAM populations following disruptions of CNS homeostasis in adult mice. After BAM depletion, while the residual BAMs possess partial self-repopulation capability, the CCR2+ monocytes are a critical source of the repopulated BAMs. In addition, we demonstrate the existence of CCR2+ monocyte-derived long-lived BAMs in a brain compression model and in a sepsis model after the initial disruption of homeostasis. Our study reveals that the short-lived CCR2+ monocytes transform into long-lived BAM-like cells at the CNS border and subsequently contribute to BAM populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shunyi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yushan Wan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Meijie Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Dale B Bosco
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Chia-Yi Kuan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; Center for Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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21
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Wang M, Caryotakis SE, Smith GG, Nguyen AV, Pleasure DE, Soulika AM. CSF1R antagonism results in increased supraspinal infiltration in EAE. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:103. [PMID: 38643194 PMCID: PMC11031888 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling is crucial for the maintenance and function of various myeloid subsets. CSF1R antagonism was previously shown to mitigate clinical severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The associated mechanisms are still not well delineated. METHODS To assess the effect of CSF1R signaling, we employed the CSF1R antagonist PLX5622 formulated in chow (PLX5622 diet, PD) and its control chow (control diet, CD). We examined the effect of PD in steady state and EAE by analyzing cells isolated from peripheral immune organs and from the CNS via flow cytometry. We determined CNS infiltration sites and assessed the extent of demyelination using immunohistochemistry of cerebella and spinal cords. Transcripts of genes associated with neuroinflammation were also analyzed in these tissues. RESULTS In addition to microglial depletion, PD treatment reduced dendritic cells and macrophages in peripheral immune organs, both during steady state and during EAE. Furthermore, CSF1R antagonism modulated numbers and relative frequencies of T effector cells both in the periphery and in the CNS during the early stages of the disease. Classical neurological symptoms were milder in PD compared to CD mice. Interestingly, a subset of PD mice developed atypical EAE symptoms. Unlike previous studies, we observed that the CNS of PD mice was infiltrated by increased numbers of peripheral immune cells compared to that of CD mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that CNS infiltrates in PD mice were mainly localized in the cerebellum while in CD mice infiltrates were primarily localized in the spinal cords during the onset of neurological deficits. Accordingly, during the same timepoint, cerebella of PD but not of CD mice had extensive demyelinating lesions, while spinal cords of CD but not of PD mice were heavily demyelinated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that CSF1R activity modulates the cellular composition of immune cells both in the periphery and within the CNS, and affects lesion localization during the early EAE stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Wang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Sofia E Caryotakis
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Glendalyn G Smith
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Alan V Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Sutro Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - David E Pleasure
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Athena M Soulika
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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22
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Pallarés-Moratalla C, Bergers G. The ins and outs of microglial cells in brain health and disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1305087. [PMID: 38665919 PMCID: PMC11043497 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1305087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the brain's resident macrophages that play pivotal roles in immune surveillance and maintaining homeostasis of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Microglia are functionally implicated in various cerebrovascular diseases, including stroke, aneurysm, and tumorigenesis as they regulate neuroinflammatory responses and tissue repair processes. Here, we review the manifold functions of microglia in the brain under physiological and pathological conditions, primarily focusing on the implication of microglia in glioma propagation and progression. We further review the current status of therapies targeting microglial cells, including their re-education, depletion, and re-population approaches as therapeutic options to improve patient outcomes for various neurological and neuroinflammatory disorders, including cancer.
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23
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Pizzirusso G, Preka E, Goikolea J, Aguilar-Ruiz C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Vazquez-Cabrera G, Laterza S, Latorre-Leal M, Eroli F, Blomgren K, Maioli S, Nilsson P, Fragkopoulou A, Fisahn A, Arroyo-García LE. Dynamic microglia alterations associate with hippocampal network impairments: A turning point in amyloid pathology progression. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:286-300. [PMID: 38608739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurological disorder causing memory loss and cognitive decline. The underlying causes of cognitive deterioration and neurodegeneration remain unclear, leading to a lack of effective strategies to prevent dementia. Recent evidence highlights the role of neuroinflammation, particularly involving microglia, in Alzheimer's disease onset and progression. Characterizing the initial phase of Alzheimer's disease can lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, facilitating timely interventions for effective treatments. We used the AppNL-G-F knock-in mouse model, which resembles the amyloid pathology and neuroinflammatory characteristics of Alzheimer's disease, to investigate the transition from a pre-plaque to an early plaque stage with a combined functional and molecular approach. Our experiments show a progressive decrease in the power of cognition-relevant hippocampal gamma oscillations during the early stage of amyloid pathology, together with a modification of fast-spiking interneuron intrinsic properties and postsynaptic input. Consistently, transcriptomic analyses revealed that these effects are accompanied by changes in synaptic function-associated pathways. Concurrently, homeostasis- and inflammatory-related microglia signature genes were downregulated. Moreover, we found a decrease in Iba1-positive microglia in the hippocampus that correlates with plaque aggregation and neuronal dysfunction. Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that microglia play a protective role during the early stages of amyloid pathology by preventing plaque aggregation, supporting neuronal homeostasis, and overall preserving the oscillatory network's functionality. These results suggest that the early alteration of microglia dynamics could be a pivotal event in the progression of Alzheimer's disease, potentially triggering plaque deposition, impairment of fast-spiking interneurons, and the breakdown of the oscillatory circuitry in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Pizzirusso
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Efthalia Preka
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Julen Goikolea
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Celia Aguilar-Ruiz
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Patricia Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - Simona Laterza
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Maria Latorre-Leal
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Francesca Eroli
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Maioli
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | | | - André Fisahn
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Luis Enrique Arroyo-García
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
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24
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Yao Q, Long C, Yi P, Zhang G, Wan W, Rao X, Ying J, Liang W, Hua F. C/EBPβ: A transcription factor associated with the irreversible progression of Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14721. [PMID: 38644578 PMCID: PMC11033503 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by a swift cognitive deterioration accompanied by distinctive pathological hallmarks such as extracellular Aβ (β-amyloid) peptides, neuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), sustained neuroinflammation, and synaptic degeneration. The elevated frequency of AD cases and its proclivity to manifest at a younger age present a pressing challenge in the quest for novel therapeutic interventions. Numerous investigations have substantiated the involvement of C/EBPβ in the progression of AD pathology, thus indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for AD treatment. AIMS Several studies have demonstrated an elevation in the expression level of C/EBPβ among individuals afflicted with AD. Consequently, this review predominantly delves into the association between C/EBPβ expression and the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease, elucidating its underlying molecular mechanism, and pointing out the possibility that C/EBPβ can be a new therapeutic target for AD. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed across multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and so on, utilizing predetermined keywords and MeSH terms, without temporal constraints. The inclusion criteria encompassed diverse study designs, such as experimental, case-control, and cohort studies, restricted to publications in the English language, while conference abstracts and unpublished sources were excluded. RESULTS Overexpression of C/EBPβ exacerbates the pathological features of AD, primarily by promoting neuroinflammation and mediating the transcriptional regulation of key molecular pathways, including δ-secretase, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein-32A (ANP32A), transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1), and Forkhead BoxO (FOXO). DISCUSSION The correlation between overexpression of C/EBPβ and the pathological development of AD, along with its molecular mechanisms, is evident. Investigating the pathways through which C/EBPβ regulates the development of AD reveals numerous multiple vicious cycle pathways exacerbating the pathological progression of the disease. Furthermore, the exacerbation of pathological progression due to C/EBPβ overexpression and its molecular mechanism is not limited to AD but also extends to other neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). CONCLUSION The overexpression of C/EBPβ accelerates the irreversible progression of AD pathophysiology. Additionally, C/EBPβ plays a crucial role in mediating multiple pathways linked to AD pathology, some of which engender vicious cycles, leading to the establishment of feedback mechanisms. To sum up, targeting C/EBPβ could hold promise as a therapeutic strategy not only for AD but also for other degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yao
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Chubing Long
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Pengcheng Yi
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Guangyong Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Xiuqin Rao
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Weidong Liang
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical UniversityGanzhouJiangxi ProvinceChina
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang CityJiangxi ProvinceChina
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25
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Tang X, Walter E, Wohleb E, Fan Y, Wang C. ATG5 (autophagy related 5) in microglia controls hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer disease. Autophagy 2024; 20:847-862. [PMID: 37915255 PMCID: PMC11062374 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2277634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is the intracellular degradation process of cytoplasmic content and damaged organelles. Autophagy is strongly associated with the progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). Microglia are brain-resident macrophages, and recent studies indicate that autophagy in microglia protects neurons from neurodegeneration. Postnatal neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons from adult neural stem cells (NSCs), is impaired in AD patients as well as in AD animal models. However, the extent to which microglial autophagy influences adult NSCs and neurogenesis in AD animal models has not been studied. Here, we showed that conditional knock out (cKO) of Atg5 (autophagy related 5) in microglia inhibited postnatal neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, but not in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of a 5×FAD mouse model. Interestingly, the protection of neurogenesis by Atg5 in microglia was only observed in female AD mice. To confirm the roles of autophagy in microglia for postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis, we generated additional cKO mice to delete autophagy essential genes Rb1cc1 or Atg14 in microglia. However, these rb1cc1 cKO and atg14 cKO mice did not exhibit neurogenesis defects in the context of a female AD mouse model. Last, we used the CSF1R antagonist to deplete ATG5-deficient microglia and this intervention restored neurogenesis in the hippocampus of 5×FAD mice. These results indicate that microglial ATG5 is essential to maintain postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in a mouse model of AD. Our findings further support the notion that ATG5 in microglia supports NSC health and may prevent neurodegeneration.Abbreviations: 5×FAD: familial Alzheimer disease; Aβ: β-amyloid; AD: Alzheimer disease; AIF1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; ATG: autophagy related; BrdU: 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; CA: Cornu Ammonis; cKO: conditional knock out; CSF1R: colony stimulating factor 1 receptor; Ctrl: control; DCX: doublecortin; DG: dentate gyrus; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; GZ: granular zone; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; IF: immunofluorescence; LD: lipid droplet; LDAM: lipid droplets accumulated microglia; LPS: lipopolysaccharides; MAP1LC3B/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; NSCs: neural stem cells; RB1CC1: RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1; SOX2: SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2; SGZ: subgranular zone; SVZ: subventricular zone; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ellen Walter
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric Wohleb
- Department of Pharmacology & Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yanbo Fan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chenran Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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26
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Shirahama S, Okunuki Y, Lee MY, Karg MM, Refaian N, Krasniqi D, Connor KM, Gregory-Ksander MS, Ksander BR. Retinal microglia exacerbate uveitis by functioning as local antigen-presenting cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.23.586440. [PMID: 38585800 PMCID: PMC10996501 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.23.586440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune uveitis is a major cause of blindness in the working-age population of developed countries. Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) depends on activation of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) specific CD4 + effector T cells that migrate systemically and infiltrate into the retina. Following systemic induction of retinal antigen-specific T cells, the development of EAU can be broken down into three phases: early phase when inflammatory cells begin to infiltrate the retina, amplification phase, and peak phase. Although studied extensively, the function of local antigen-presenting cells (APCs) within the retina remains unclear. Two potential types of APCs are present during uveitis, resident microglia and infiltrating CD11c + dendritic cells (DCs). MHC class II (MHC II) is expressed within the retina on both CD11c + DCs and microglia during the amplification phase of EAU. Therefore, we used microglia specific (P2RY12 and TMEM119) and CD11c + DC specific MHC II knockout mice to study the function of APCs within the retina using the conventional and adoptive transfer methods of inducing EAU. Microglia were essential during all phases of EAU development: the early phase when microglia were MHC Il negative, and amplification and peak phases when microglia were MHC II positive. Unexpectedly, retinal infiltrating MHC Il + CD11c + DCs were present within the retina but their antigen-presenting function was not required for all phases of uveitis. Our data indicate microglia are the critical APCs within the retina and an important therapeutic target that can prevent and/or diminish uveitis even in the presence of circulating IRBP-specific CD4 + effector T cells.
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27
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Jagadeesan N, Roules GC, Chandrashekar DV, Yang J, Kolluru S, Sumbria RK. Modulation of hippocampal protein expression by a brain penetrant biologic TNF-α inhibitor in the 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mice. J Transl Med 2024; 22:291. [PMID: 38500108 PMCID: PMC10946165 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biologic TNF-α inhibitors (bTNFIs) can block cerebral TNF-α in Alzheimer's disease (AD) if these macromolecules can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, a model bTNFI, the extracellular domain of type II TNF-α receptor (TNFR), which can bind to and sequester TNF-α, was fused with a mouse transferrin receptor antibody (TfRMAb) to enable brain delivery via BBB TfR-mediated transcytosis. Previously, we found TfRMAb-TNFR to be protective in a mouse model of amyloidosis (APP/PS1) and tauopathy (PS19), and herein we investigated its effects in mice that combine both amyloidosis and tauopathy (3xTg-AD). METHODS Eight-month-old female 3xTg-AD mice were injected intraperitoneally with saline (n = 11) or TfRMAb-TNFR (3 mg/kg; n = 11) three days per week for 12 weeks. Age-matched wild-type (WT) mice (n = 9) were treated similarly with saline. Brains were processed for immunostaining and high-resolution multiplex NanoString GeoMx spatial proteomics. RESULTS We observed regional differences in proteins relevant to Aβ, tau, and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of 3xTg-AD mice compared with WT mice. From 64 target proteins studied using spatial proteomics, a comparison of the Aβ-plaque bearing vs. plaque-free regions in the 3xTg-AD mice yielded 39 differentially expressed proteins (DEP) largely related to neuroinflammation (39% of DEP) and Aβ and tau pathology combined (31% of DEP). Hippocampal spatial proteomics revealed that the majority of the proteins modulated by TfRMAb-TNFR in the 3xTg-AD mice were relevant to microglial function (⁓ 33%). TfRMAb-TNFR significantly reduced mature Aβ plaques and increased Aβ-associated microglia around larger Aβ deposits in the 3xTg-AD mice. Further, TfRMAb-TNFR increased mature Aβ plaque-associated microglial TREM2 in 3xTg-AD mice. CONCLUSION Overall, despite the low visual Aβ load in the 11-month-old female 3xTg-AD mice, our results highlight region-specific AD-relevant DEP in the hippocampus of these mice. Chronic TfRMAb-TNFR dosing modulated several DEP involved in AD pathology and showed a largely microglia-centric mechanism of action in the 3xTg-AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataraj Jagadeesan
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - G Chuli Roules
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Devaraj V Chandrashekar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Joshua Yang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Sanjana Kolluru
- Rancho Cucamonga High School, 11801 Lark Dr, Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 91701, USA
| | - Rachita K Sumbria
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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28
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Shin HJ, Kim IS, Choi SG, Lee K, Park H, Shin J, Kim D, Beom J, Yi YY, Gupta DP, Song GJ, Chung WS, Lee CJ, Kim DW. Rejuvenating aged microglia by p16 ink4a-siRNA-loaded nanoparticles increases amyloid-β clearance in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:25. [PMID: 38493185 PMCID: PMC10943801 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-dependent accumulation of amyloid plaques in patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with reduced amyloid clearance. Older microglia have a reduced ability to phagocytose amyloid, so phagocytosis of amyloid plaques by microglia could be regulated to prevent amyloid accumulation. Furthermore, considering the aging-related disruption of cell cycle machinery in old microglia, we hypothesize that regulating their cell cycle could rejuvenate them and enhance their ability to promote more efficient amyloid clearance. First, we used gene ontology analysis of microglia from young and old mice to identify differential expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16ink4a), a cell cycle factor related to aging. We found that p16ink4a expression was increased in microglia near amyloid plaques in brain tissue from patients with AD and 5XFAD mice, a model of AD. In BV2 microglia, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated p16ink4a downregulation transformed microglia with enhanced amyloid phagocytic capacity through regulated the cell cycle and increased cell proliferation. To regulate microglial phagocytosis by gene transduction, we used poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, which predominantly target microglia, to deliver the siRNA and to control microglial reactivity. Nanoparticle-based delivery of p16ink4a siRNA reduced amyloid plaque formation and the number of aged microglia surrounding the plaque and reversed learning deterioration and spatial memory deficits. We propose that downregulation of p16ink4a in microglia is a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Soo Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gyu Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kayoung Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Park
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Beom
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Young Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepak Prasad Gupta
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyun Jee Song
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
- Translational Brain Research Center, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Glia-Neuron Interaction, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, College of Dentistry Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Qiao S, Zhang WY, Xie YF, Li HY, Cui CS, Tao SX, Xin T, Liu QJ. Diagnostic signatures and immune cell infiltration characteristics in anti-GABA BR encephalitis. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 388:578296. [PMID: 38309225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anti-gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABABR) encephalitis is an uncommon form of autoimmune encephalitis associated with a poor prognosis and a high fatality rate. We aim to find diagnostic markers for anti- GABABR encephalitis as well as the effects of immune cell infiltration on this pathology. METHODS For quantitative proteomic analysis, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation were used in conjunction with LC-MS/MS analysis. To conduct functional correlation analyses, differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. Following that, we used bioinformatics analysis to screen for and determine the diagnostic signatures of anti- GABABR encephalitis. ROC curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic values. To assess the inflammatory status of anti- GABABR encephalitis, we used cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of the RNA transcript (CIBERSORT) and explored the link between diagnostic markers and infiltrating immune cells. RESULTS Overall, 108 robust DEPs (47 upregulated and 61 downregulated) were identified, of which 11 were immune related. The most impressively enriched pathways were complemented and coagulation cascades, actin cytoskeleton regulation, and cholesterol metabolism; GSEA revealed that the enriched pathways were considerably differentially connected to immune modulation. Eleven immune-related DEPs were chosen for further investigation. We developed a novel diagnostic model based on CSF1R and AZGP1 serum levels using ROC analysis (area under the ROC curve = 1). M1 macrophages and activated natural killer cells are likely to play a role in course of anti- GABABR encephalitis. CONCLUSION We identified CSF1R and AZGP1 are possible anti-GABABR encephalitis diagnostic indicators, and immune cell infiltration may have a significant impact on the development and occurrence of anti- GABABR encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Qiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China; Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Yun-Fang Xie
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hai-Yun Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cai-San Cui
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shu-Xin Tao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China; Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
| | - Qi-Ji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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30
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Diemler CA, MacLean M, Heuer SE, Hewes AA, Marola OJ, Libby RT, Howell GR. Microglia Depletion leads to Increased Susceptibility to Ocular Hypertension-Dependent Glaucoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.05.583529. [PMID: 38496398 PMCID: PMC10942367 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.05.583529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, microglia have been highlighted for playing integral roles in neurodegenerative diseases, like glaucoma. To better understand the role of microglia during chronic ocular hypertension, we depleted microglia from aged (9-12 months old) DBA/2J (D2) mice, which exhibit age-related increases in intraocular pressure, using a dietary CSF1R antagonist, PLX5622. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) somas were counted, and optic nerve cross-sections stained and assessed for glaucomatous damage. Sustained administration of dietary PLX5622 significantly reduced the numbers of retinal microglia. Dietary PLX5622 did not lead to changes in intraocular pressure in D2 or normotensive DBA/2J-Gpnmb+ (D2-Gpnmb+) control mice. While PLX5622-treated D2-Gpnmb+ did not develop optic nerve damage, PLX5622-treated D2 mice showed a significant increase in moderate-to-severe optic nerve damage compared to D2 mice fed a control diet. In conclusion, global reduction of microglia exacerbated glaucomatous neurodegeneration in D2 mice suggesting microglia play an overall beneficial role in protecting from ocular hypertension associated RGC loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory A. Diemler
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME
| | | | - Sarah E. Heuer
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Richard T. Libby
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Gareth R. Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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31
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Goodman EJ, Biltz RG, Packer JM, DiSabato DJ, Swanson SP, Oliver B, Quan N, Sheridan JF, Godbout JP. Enhanced fear memory after social defeat in mice is dependent on interleukin-1 receptor signaling in glutamatergic neurons. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02456-1. [PMID: 38459193 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress is associated with increased anxiety, cognitive deficits, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Repeated social defeat (RSD) in mice causes long-term stress-sensitization associated with increased microglia activation, monocyte accumulation, and enhanced interleukin (IL)-1 signaling in endothelia and neurons. With stress-sensitization, mice have amplified neuronal, immune, and behavioral responses to acute stress 24 days later. This is clinically relevant as it shares key aspects with post-traumatic stress disorder. The mechanisms underlying stress-sensitization are unclear, but enhanced fear memory may be critical. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of microglia and IL-1R1 signaling in neurons in the development of sensitization and increased fear memory after RSD. Here, RSD accelerated fear acquisition, delayed fear extinction, and increased cued-based freezing at 0.5 day. The enhancement in contextual fear memory after RSD persisted 24 days later. Next, microglia were depleted with a CSF1R antagonist prior to RSD and several parameters were assessed. Microglia depletion blocked monocyte recruitment to the brain. Nonetheless, neuronal reactivity (pCREB) and IL-1β RNA expression in the hippocampus and enhanced fear memory after RSD were microglial-independent. Because IL-1β RNA was prominent in the hippocampus after RSD even with microglia depletion, IL-1R1 mediated signaling in glutamatergic neurons was assessed using neuronal Vglut2+/IL-1R1-/- mice. RSD-induced neuronal reactivity (pCREB) in the hippocampus and enhancement in fear memory were dependent on neuronal IL-1R1 signaling. Furthermore, single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) showed that RSD influenced transcription in specific hippocampal neurons (DG neurons, CA2/3, CA1 neurons) associated with glutamate signaling, inflammation and synaptic plasticity, which were neuronal IL-1R1-dependent. Furthermore, snRNAseq data provided evidence that RSD increased CREB, BDNF, and calcium signaling in DG neurons in an IL-1R1-dependent manner. Collectively, increased IL-1R1-mediated signaling (monocytes/microglia independent) in glutamatergic neurons after RSD enhanced neuronal reactivity and fear memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan J Goodman
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca G Biltz
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan M Packer
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Damon J DiSabato
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samuel P Swanson
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Braeden Oliver
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ning Quan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - John F Sheridan
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Jonathan P Godbout
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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32
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Fotio Y, Mabou Tagne A, Squire E, Lee HL, Phillips CM, Chang K, Ahmed F, Greenberg AS, Villalta SA, Scarfone VM, Spadoni G, Mor M, Piomelli D. NAAA-regulated lipid signaling in monocytes controls the induction of hyperalgesic priming in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1705. [PMID: 38402219 PMCID: PMC10894261 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating monocytes participate in pain chronification but the molecular events that cause their deployment are unclear. Using a mouse model of hyperalgesic priming (HP), we show that monocytes enable progression to pain chronicity through a mechanism that requires transient activation of the hydrolase, N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), and the consequent suppression of NAAA-regulated lipid signaling at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α). Inhibiting NAAA in the 72 hours following administration of a priming stimulus prevented HP. This effect was phenocopied by NAAA deletion and depended on PPAR-α recruitment. Mice lacking NAAA in CD11b+ cells - monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils - were resistant to HP induction. Conversely, mice overexpressing NAAA or lacking PPAR-α in the same cells were constitutively primed. Depletion of monocytes, but not resident macrophages, generated mice that were refractory to HP. The results identify NAAA-regulated signaling in monocytes as a control node in the induction of HP and, potentially, the transition to pain chronicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Fotio
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alex Mabou Tagne
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Erica Squire
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Hye-Lim Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Connor M Phillips
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kayla Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Faizy Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - S Armando Villalta
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Vanessa M Scarfone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Gilberto Spadoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università di Urbino "Carlo Bo,", Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco Mor
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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33
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Boland R, Kokiko-Cochran ON. Deplete and repeat: microglial CSF1R inhibition and traumatic brain injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1352790. [PMID: 38450286 PMCID: PMC10915023 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1352790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health burden affecting millions of people. Sustained neuroinflammation after TBI is often associated with poor outcome. As a result, increased attention has been placed on the role of immune cells in post-injury recovery. Microglia are highly dynamic after TBI and play a key role in the post-injury neuroinflammatory response. Therefore, microglia represent a malleable post-injury target that could substantially influence long-term outcome after TBI. This review highlights the cell specific role of microglia in TBI pathophysiology. Microglia have been manipulated via genetic deletion, drug inhibition, and pharmacological depletion in various pre-clinical TBI models. Notably, colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) and its receptor (CSF1R) have gained much traction in recent years as a pharmacological target on microglia. CSF1R is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that is essential for microglia proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Small molecule inhibitors targeting CSF1R result in a swift and effective depletion of microglia in rodents. Moreover, discontinuation of the inhibitors is sufficient for microglia repopulation. Attention is placed on summarizing studies that incorporate CSF1R inhibition of microglia. Indeed, microglia depletion affects multiple aspects of TBI pathophysiology, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and functional recovery with measurable influence on astrocytes, peripheral immune cells, and neurons. Taken together, the data highlight an important role for microglia in sustaining neuroinflammation and increasing risk of oxidative stress, which lends to neuronal damage and behavioral deficits chronically after TBI. Ultimately, the insights gained from CSF1R depletion of microglia are critical for understanding the temporospatial role that microglia develop in mediating TBI pathophysiology and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Boland
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chronic Brain Injury Program, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Olga N Kokiko-Cochran
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chronic Brain Injury Program, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Vilca SJ, Margetts AV, Fleites I, Wahlestedt C, Tuesta LM. Microglia contribute to methamphetamine reinforcement and reflect persistent transcriptional and morphological adaptations to the drug. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.19.563168. [PMID: 37961443 PMCID: PMC10634674 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.19.563168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a chronic, relapsing disease that is characterized by repeated drug use despite negative consequences and for which there are currently no FDA-approved cessation therapeutics. Repeated methamphetamine (METH) use induces long-term gene expression changes in brain regions associated with reward processing and drug-seeking behavior, and recent evidence suggests that methamphetamine-induced neuroinflammation may also shape behavioral and molecular responses to the drug. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, are principal drivers of neuroinflammatory responses and contribute to the pathophysiology of substance use disorders. Here, we investigated transcriptional and morphological changes in dorsal striatal microglia in response to methamphetamine-taking and during methamphetamine abstinence, as well as their functional contribution to drug-taking behavior. We show that methamphetamine self-administration induces transcriptional changes associated with protein folding, mRNA processing, immune signaling, and neurotransmission in dorsal striatal microglia. Importantly, many of these transcriptional changes persist through abstinence, a finding supported by morphological analyses. Functionally, we report that microglial ablation increases methamphetamine-taking, possibly involving neuroimmune and neurotransmitter regulation, and that post-methamphetamine microglial repopulation attenuates drug-seeking following a 21-day period of abstinence. In contrast, microglial depletion during abstinence did not alter methamphetamine-seeking. Taken together, these results suggest that methamphetamine induces both short and long-term changes in dorsal striatal microglia that contribute to altered drug-taking behavior and may provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of MUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara J. Vilca
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Alexander V. Margetts
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Isabella Fleites
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Luis M. Tuesta
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
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35
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Adhikari A, Chauhan K, Adhikari M, Tiwari AK. Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor: An emerging target for neuroinflammation PET imaging and AD therapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 100:117628. [PMID: 38330850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Although neuroinflammation is a significant pathogenic feature of many neurologic disorders, its precise function in-vivo is still not completely known. PET imaging enables the longitudinal examination, quantification, and tracking of different neuroinflammation biomarkers in living subjects. Particularly, PET imaging of Microglia, specialised dynamic immune cells crucial for maintaining brain homeostasis in central nervous system (CNS), is crucial for staging the neuroinflammation. Colony Stimulating Factor- 1 Receptor (CSF-1R) PET imaging is a novel method for the quantification of neuroinflammation. CSF-1R is mainly expressed on microglia, and neurodegenerative disorders greatly up-regulate its expression. The present review primarily focuses on the development, pros and cons of all the CSF-1R PET tracers reported for neuroinflammation imaging. Apart from neuroinflammation imaging, CSF-1R inhibitors are also reported for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a prevalent, advancing, and fatal neurodegenerative condition that have the characteristic feature of persistent neuroinflammation and primarily affects the elderly. The aetiology of AD is profoundly influenced by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and microglial dysfunction. Increasing evidence suggests that CSF-1R inhibitors (CSF-1Ri) can be helpful in preclinical models of neurodegenerative diseases. This review article also summarises the most recent developments of CSF-1Ri-based therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Kanchan Chauhan
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California 22860, Mexico
| | - Manish Adhikari
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Anjani K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb, Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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36
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Bobotis BC, Halvorson T, Carrier M, Tremblay MÈ. Established and emerging techniques for the study of microglia: visualization, depletion, and fate mapping. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1317125. [PMID: 38425429 PMCID: PMC10902073 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1317125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is an essential hub for neuronal communication. As a major component of the CNS, glial cells are vital in the maintenance and regulation of neuronal network dynamics. Research on microglia, the resident innate immune cells of the CNS, has advanced considerably in recent years, and our understanding of their diverse functions continues to grow. Microglia play critical roles in the formation and regulation of neuronal synapses, myelination, responses to injury, neurogenesis, inflammation, and many other physiological processes. In parallel with advances in microglial biology, cutting-edge techniques for the characterization of microglial properties have emerged with increasing depth and precision. Labeling tools and reporter models are important for the study of microglial morphology, ultrastructure, and dynamics, but also for microglial isolation, which is required to glean key phenotypic information through single-cell transcriptomics and other emerging approaches. Strategies for selective microglial depletion and modulation can provide novel insights into microglia-targeted treatment strategies in models of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative conditions, cancer, and autoimmunity. Finally, fate mapping has emerged as an important tool to answer fundamental questions about microglial biology, including their origin, migration, and proliferation throughout the lifetime of an organism. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion of these established and emerging techniques, with applications to the study of microglia in development, homeostasis, and CNS pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Caroline Bobotis
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Torin Halvorson
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Micaël Carrier
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Département de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Axe neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
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37
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Kim AB, Xiao Q, Yan P, Pan Q, Pandey G, Grathwohl S, Gonzales E, Xu I, Cho Y, Haecker H, Epelman S, Diwan A, Lee JM, DeSelm CJ. Chimeric antigen receptor macrophages target and resorb amyloid plaques. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175015. [PMID: 38516884 PMCID: PMC11063938 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence suggests a role for immunotherapy in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the precise pathophysiology of AD is incompletely understood, clinical trials of antibodies targeting aggregated forms of β amyloid (Aβ) have shown that reducing amyloid plaques can mitigate cognitive decline in patients with early-stage AD. Here, we describe what we believe to be a novel approach to target and degrade amyloid plaques by genetically engineering macrophages to express an Aβ-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-Ms). When injected intrahippocampally, first-generation CAR-Ms have limited persistence and fail to significantly reduce plaque load, which led us to engineer next-generation CAR-Ms that secrete M-CSF and self-maintain without exogenous cytokines. Cytokine secreting "reinforced CAR-Ms" have greater survival in the brain niche and significantly reduce plaque load locally in vivo. These findings support CAR-Ms as a platform to rationally target, resorb, and degrade pathogenic material that accumulates with age, as exemplified by targeting Aβ in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy
| | - Qingli Xiao
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Qiuyun Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy
| | - Susie Grathwohl
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ernesto Gonzales
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Isabella Xu
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yoonho Cho
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hans Haecker
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Slava Epelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Cell Biology and Physiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Medicine Service, St. Louis VA Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jin-Moo Lee
- Department of Neurology, and
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Carl J. DeSelm
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy
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38
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Cadiz MP, Gibson KA, Todd KT, Nascari DG, Massa N, Lilley MT, Olney KC, Al-Amin MM, Jiang H, Holtzman DM, Fryer JD. Aducanumab anti-amyloid immunotherapy induces sustained microglial and immune alterations. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231363. [PMID: 38226975 PMCID: PMC10791560 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aducanumab, an anti-amyloid immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease, efficiently reduces Aβ, though its plaque clearance mechanisms, long-term effects, and effects of discontinuation are not fully understood. We assessed the effect of aducanumab treatment and withdrawal on Aβ, neuritic dystrophy, astrocytes, and microglia in the APP/PS1 amyloid mouse model. We found that reductions in amyloid and neuritic dystrophy during acute treatment were accompanied by microglial and astrocytic activation, and microglial recruitment to plaques and adoption of an aducanumab-specific pro-phagocytic and pro-degradation transcriptomic signature, indicating a role for microglia in aducanumab-mediated Aβ clearance. Reductions in Aβ and dystrophy were sustained 15 but not 30 wk after discontinuation, and reaccumulation of plaques coincided with loss of the microglial aducanumab signature and failure of microglia to reactivate. This suggests that despite the initial benefit from treatment, microglia are unable to respond later to restrain plaque reaccumulation, making further studies on the effect of amyloid-directed immunotherapy withdrawal crucial for assessing long-term safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika P. Cadiz
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Kennedi T. Todd
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - David G. Nascari
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- MD/PhD Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Nashali Massa
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Meredith T. Lilley
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Md Mamun Al-Amin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John D. Fryer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
- MD/PhD Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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39
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Krumm L, Pozner T, Zagha N, Coras R, Arnold P, Tsaktanis T, Scherpelz K, Davis MY, Kaindl J, Stolzer I, Süß P, Khundadze M, Hübner CA, Riemenschneider MJ, Baets J, Günther C, Jayadev S, Rothhammer V, Krach F, Winkler J, Winner B, Regensburger M. Neuroinflammatory disease signatures in SPG11-related hereditary spastic paraplegia patients. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:28. [PMID: 38305941 PMCID: PMC10837238 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Biallelic loss of SPG11 function constitutes the most frequent cause of complicated autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) with thin corpus callosum, resulting in progressive multisystem neurodegeneration. While the impact of neuroinflammation is an emerging and potentially treatable aspect in neurodegenerative diseases and leukodystrophies, the role of immune cells in SPG11-HSP patients is unknown. Here, we performed a comprehensive immunological characterization of SPG11-HSP, including examination of three human postmortem brain donations, immunophenotyping of patients' peripheral blood cells and patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia-like cells (iMGL). We delineate a previously unknown role of innate immunity in SPG11-HSP. Neuropathological analysis of SPG11-HSP patient brain tissue revealed profound microgliosis in areas of neurodegeneration, downregulation of homeostatic microglial markers and cell-intrinsic accumulation of lipids and lipofuscin in IBA1+ cells. In a larger cohort of SPG11-HSP patients, the ratio of peripheral classical and intermediate monocytes was increased, along with increased serum levels of IL-6 that correlated with disease severity. Stimulation of patient-specific iMGLs with IFNγ led to increased phagocytic activity compared to control iMGL as well as increased upregulation and release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as CXCL10. On a molecular basis, we identified increased STAT1 phosphorylation as mechanism connecting IFNγ-mediated immune hyperactivation and SPG11 loss of function. STAT1 expression was increased both in human postmortem brain tissue and in an Spg11-/- mouse model. Application of an STAT1 inhibitor decreased CXCL10 production in SPG11 iMGL and rescued their toxic effect on SPG11 neurons. Our data establish neuroinflammation as a novel disease mechanism in SPG11-HSP patients and constitute the first description of myeloid cell/ microglia activation in human SPG11-HSP. IFNγ/ STAT1-mediated neurotoxic effects of hyperreactive microglia upon SPG11 loss of function indicate that immunomodulation strategies may slow down disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Krumm
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tatyana Pozner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Naime Zagha
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Coras
- Department of Neuropathology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thanos Tsaktanis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kathryn Scherpelz
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marie Y Davis
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johanna Kaindl
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Süß
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mukhran Khundadze
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian A Hübner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan Baets
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular Pathology, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Kussmaulallee 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Suman Jayadev
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Florian Krach
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Winkler
- Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neurology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beate Winner
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Regensburger
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Kussmaulallee 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
- Center for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
- Department of Molecular Neurology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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40
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Li H, Watkins LR, Wang X. Microglia in neuroimmunopharmacology and drug addiction. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02443-6. [PMID: 38302560 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a chronic and debilitating disease that is considered a global health problem. Various cell types in the brain are involved in the progression of drug addiction. Recently, the xenobiotic hypothesis has been proposed, which frames substances of abuse as exogenous molecules that are responded to by the immune system as foreign "invaders", thus triggering protective inflammatory responses. An emerging body of literature reveals that microglia, the primary resident immune cells in the brain, play an important role in the progression of addiction. Repeated cycles of drug administration cause a progressive, persistent induction of neuroinflammation by releasing microglial proinflammatory cytokines and their metabolic products. This contributes to drug addiction via modulation of neuronal function. In this review, we focus on the role of microglia in the etiology of drug addiction. Then, we discuss the dynamic states of microglia and the correlative and causal evidence linking microglia to drug addiction. Finally, possible mechanisms of how microglia sense drug-related stimuli and modulate the addiction state and how microglia-targeted anti-inflammation therapies affect addiction are reviewed. Understanding the role of microglia in drug addiction may help develop new treatment strategies to fight this devastating societal challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Linda R Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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Larson KC, Martens LH, Marconi M, Dejesus C, Bruhn S, Miller TA, Tate B, Levenson JM. Preclinical translational platform of neuroinflammatory disease biology relevant to neurodegenerative disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:37. [PMID: 38297405 PMCID: PMC10832185 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a key driver of neurodegenerative disease, however the tools available to model this disease biology at the systems level are lacking. We describe a translational drug discovery platform based on organotypic culture of murine cortical brain slices that recapitulate disease-relevant neuroinflammatory biology. After an acute injury response, the brain slices assume a chronic neuroinflammatory state marked by transcriptomic profiles indicative of activation of microglia and astrocytes and loss of neuronal function. Microglia are necessary for manifestation of this neuroinflammation, as depletion of microglia prior to isolation of the brain slices prevents both activation of astrocytes and robust loss of synaptic function genes. The transcriptomic pattern of neuroinflammation in the mouse platform is present in published datasets derived from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and frontotemporal dementia. Pharmacological utility of the platform was validated by demonstrating reversal of microglial activation and the overall transcriptomic signature with transforming growth factor-β. Additional anti-inflammatory targets were screened and inhibitors of glucocorticoid receptors, COX-2, dihydrofolate reductase, and NLRP3 inflammasome all failed to reverse the neuroinflammatory signature. Bioinformatics analysis of the neuroinflammatory signature identified protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11/SHP2) as a potential target. Three structurally distinct inhibitors of PTPN11 (RMC-4550, TN0155, IACS-13909) reversed the neuroinflammatory disease signature. Collectively, these results highlight the utility of this novel neuroinflammatory platform for facilitating identification and validation of targets for neuroinflammatory neurodegenerative disease drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley C Larson
- Vigil Neuroscience, Watertown, USA
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Lauren H Martens
- , Neumora Therapeutics, Watertown, USA
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Michael Marconi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Christopher Dejesus
- Atalanta Therapeutics, Boston, USA
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Suzanne Bruhn
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Association, Glenolden, USA
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Thomas A Miller
- Walden Biosciences, Cambridge, USA
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Barbara Tate
- FARA, Homestead, USA
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA
| | - Jonathan M Levenson
- FireCyte Therapeutics, Beverly, USA.
- Tiaki Therapeutics, Inc., c/o Dementia Discovery Fund, 201 Washington Street, 39th Floor, Boston, MA, 02108, USA.
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Huang Z, Gong Z, Lin Y, Yang F, Chen W, Xiang S, Huang Y, Xiao H, Xu S, Duan J. Treatment with glatiramer acetate in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice at an early stage of Alzheimer's disease prior to amyloid-beta deposition delays the disease's pathological development and ameliorates cognitive decline. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1267780. [PMID: 38352237 PMCID: PMC10861656 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1267780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuroinflammation, which is frequently accompanied by immune system dysfunction. Although the mechanism of neurodegenerative lesions is unclear, various clinical trials have highlighted that early intervention in AD is crucial to the success of treatment. In order to explore the potential of immunotherapy in the early period of AD, the present study evaluated whether application of glatiramer acetate (GA), an immunomodulatory agent approved for remitting-relapsing multiple sclerosis (RRMS), in the early stages of AD prior to amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition altered the Aβ pathology and cognitive impairments in APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice. Methods We treated two cohorts of pre-depositing and amyloid-depositing (2- and 6-month-old) APP/PS1 mice with weekly-GA subcutaneous injection over a 12-week period. We then tested spatial learning and memory using the Morris water maze (MWM) and the Y maze. Immunohistochemistry staining was utilized to analyze Aβ burden in the brain as well as activated microglia. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokine milieu within brains was estimated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the peripheral CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the spleen were measured by flow cytometry. Results We found that early GA administration reduced Aβ burden and ameliorated cognitive decline. Meanwhile, the immune microenvironment had changed in the brain, with an increase in the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and a decrease in microglial activation. Interestingly, early GA administration also modulated the peripheral immune system through the amplification of Tregs in the spleen. Conclusion Overall, our findings revealed that GA treatment might enhance the central and peripheral immune systems' protective capabilities in the early stages of AD, eventually improving cognitive deficits. Our research supports the advantages of immunomodulatory treatments for AD at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyong Huang
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Zhuo Gong
- Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Yongtai Lin
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Chen
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaotong Xiang
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuedong Huang
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Xu
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhai Duan
- Eastern Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangdong Geriatrics Institute and Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Qian Y, Yang L, Chen J, Zhou C, Zong N, Geng Y, Xia S, Yang H, Bao X, Chen Y, Xu Y. SRGN amplifies microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and exacerbates ischemic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:35. [PMID: 38287411 PMCID: PMC10826034 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia is the major contributor of post-stroke neuroinflammation cascade and the crucial cellular target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Currently, the endogenous mechanism underlying microglial activation following ischemic stroke remains elusive. Serglycin (SRGN) is a proteoglycan expressed in immune cells. Up to now, the role of SRGN on microglial activation and ischemic stroke is largely unexplored. METHODS Srgn knockout (KO), Cd44-KO and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to mimic ischemic stroke. Exogenous SRGN supplementation was achieved by stereotactic injection of recombinant mouse SRGN (rSRGN). Cerebral infarction was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Neurological functions were evaluated by the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and grip strength. Microglial activation was detected by Iba1 immunostaining, morphological analysis and cytokines' production. Neuronal death was examined by MAP2 immunostaining and FJB staining. RESULTS The expression of SRGN and its receptor CD44 was significantly elevated in the ischemic mouse brains, especially in microglia. In addition, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced SRGN upregulation in microglia in vitro. rSRGN worsened ischemic brain injury in mice and amplified post-stroke neuroinflammation, while gene knockout of Srgn exerted reverse impacts. rSRGN promoted microglial proinflammatory activation both in vivo and in vitro, whereas Srgn-deficiency alleviated microglia-mediated inflammatory response. Moreover, the genetic deletion of Cd44 partially rescued rSRGN-induced excessed neuroinflammation and ischemic brain injury in mice. Mechanistically, SRGN boosted the activation of NF-κB signal, and increased glycolysis in microglia. CONCLUSION SRGN acts as a novel therapeutic target in microglia-boosted proinflammatory response following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qian
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lixuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ningning Zong
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yang Geng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Roussos P, Kosoy R, Fullard J, Bendl J, Kleopoulos S, Shao Z, Argyriou S, Mathur D, Vicari J, Ma Y, Humphrey J, Brophy E, Raj T, Katsel P, Voloudakis G, Lee D, Bennett D, Haroutunian V, Hoffman G. Alzheimer's disease transcriptional landscape in ex-vivo human microglia. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3851590. [PMID: 38343831 PMCID: PMC10854306 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3851590/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Microglia are resident immune cells of the brain and are implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and other diseases. Yet the cellular and molecular processes regulating their function throughout the course of the disease are poorly understood. Here, we present the transcriptional landscape of primary microglia from 189 human postmortem brains, including 58 healthy aging individuals and 131 with a range of disease phenotypes, including 63 patients representing the full spectrum of clinical and pathological severity of AD. We identified transcriptional changes associated with multiple AD phenotypes, capturing the severity of dementia and neuropathological lesions. Transcript-level analyses identified additional genes with heterogeneous isoform usage and AD phenotypes. We identified changes in gene-gene coordination in AD, dysregulation of co-expression modules, and disease subtypes with distinct gene expression. Taken together, these data further our understanding of the key role of microglia in AD biology and nominate candidates for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yixuan Ma
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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Siew JJ, Chen HM, Chiu FL, Lee CW, Chang YM, Chen HL, Nguyen TNA, Liao HT, Liu M, Hagar HT, Sun YC, Lai HL, Kuo MH, Blum D, Buée L, Jin LW, Chen SY, Ko TM, Huang JR, Kuo HC, Liu FT, Chern Y. Galectin-3 aggravates microglial activation and tau transmission in tauopathy. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e165523. [PMID: 37988169 PMCID: PMC10786694 DOI: 10.1172/jci165523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques, aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau), and microglia activation. Galectin-3 (Gal3) is a β-galactoside-binding protein that has been implicated in amyloid pathology. Its role in tauopathy remains enigmatic. Here, we showed that Gal3 was upregulated in the microglia of humans and mice with tauopathy. pTau triggered the release of Gal3 from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia in both its free and extracellular vesicular-associated (EV-associated) forms. Both forms of Gal3 increased the accumulation of pathogenic tau in recipient cells. Binding of Gal3 to pTau greatly enhanced tau fibrillation. Besides Gal3, pTau was sorted into EVs for transmission. Moreover, pTau markedly enhanced the number of EVs released by iMGL in a Gal3-dependent manner, suggesting a role of Gal3 in biogenesis of EVs. Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of the hippocampus of a mouse model of tauopathy (THY-Tau22) revealed a group of pathogenic tau-evoked, Gal3-associated microglia with altered cellular machineries implicated in neurodegeneration, including enhanced immune and inflammatory responses. Genetic removal of Gal3 in THY-Tau22 mice suppressed microglia activation, reduced the level of pTau and synaptic loss in neurons, and rescued memory impairment. Collectively, Gal3 is a potential therapeutic target for tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng-Lan Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mengyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Hsiao-Tien Hagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Yung-Chen Sun
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Min-Hao Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - David Blum
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, LiCEND, Lille, France
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | | | - Tai-Ming Ko
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Rong Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chih Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Millet A, Ledo JH, Tavazoie SF. An exhausted-like microglial population accumulates in aged and APOE4 genotype Alzheimer's brains. Immunity 2024; 57:153-170.e6. [PMID: 38159571 PMCID: PMC10805152 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The dominant risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) are advanced age and the APOE4 genetic variant. To examine how these factors alter neuroimmune function, we generated an integrative, longitudinal single-cell atlas of brain immune cells in AD model mice bearing the three common human APOE alleles. Transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses identified a reactive microglial population defined by the concomitant expression of inflammatory signals and cell-intrinsic stress markers whose frequency increased with age and APOE4 burden. An analogous population was detectable in the brains of human AD patients, including in the cortical tissue, using multiplexed spatial transcriptomics. This population, which we designate as terminally inflammatory microglia (TIM), exhibited defects in amyloid-β clearance and altered cell-cell communication during aducanumab treatment. TIM may represent an exhausted-like state for inflammatory microglia in the AD milieu that contributes to AD risk and pathology in APOE4 carriers and the elderly, thus presenting a potential therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Millet
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jose Henrique Ledo
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, South Carolina Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Berglund R, Cheng Y, Piket E, Adzemovic MZ, Zeitelhofer M, Olsson T, Guerreiro-Cacais AO, Jagodic M. The aging mouse CNS is protected by an autophagy-dependent microglia population promoted by IL-34. Nat Commun 2024; 15:383. [PMID: 38195627 PMCID: PMC10776874 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia harness an unutilized health-promoting potential in age-related neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, conditions like progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Our research unveils an microglia population emerging in the cortical brain regions of aging mice, marked by ERK1/2, Akt, and AMPK phosphorylation patterns and a transcriptome indicative of activated autophagy - a process critical for cellular adaptability. By deleting the core autophagy gene Ulk1 in microglia, we reduce this population in the central nervous system of aged mice. Notably, this population is found dependent on IL-34, rather than CSF1, although both are ligands for CSF1R. When aging mice are exposed to autoimmune neuroinflammation, the loss of autophagy-dependent microglia leads to neural and glial cell death and increased mortality. Conversely, microglial expansion mediated by IL-34 exhibits a protective effect. These findings shed light on an autophagy-dependent neuroprotective microglia population as a potential target for treating age-related neuroinflammatory conditions, including progressive MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Berglund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Yufei Cheng
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eliane Piket
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Milena Z Adzemovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Zeitelhofer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andre Ortlieb Guerreiro-Cacais
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maja Jagodic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lin Q, Dai S, Qu L, Lin H, Guo M, Wei H, Chen Y, Chen X. Structural basis and selectivity of sulfatinib binding to FGFR and CSF-1R. Commun Chem 2024; 7:3. [PMID: 38172256 PMCID: PMC10764862 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acquired drug resistance poses a challenge for single-target FGFR inhibitors, leading to the development of dual- or multi-target FGFR inhibitors. Sulfatinib is a multi-target kinase inhibitor for treating neuroendocrine tumors, selectively targeting FGFR1/CSF-1R. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind its binding and kinase selectivity, we determined the crystal structures of sulfatinib with FGFR1/CSF-1R. The results reveal common structural features and distinct conformational adaptability of sulfatinib in response to FGFR1/CSF-1R binding. Further biochemical and structural analyses disclose sensitivity of sulfatinib to FGFR/CSF-1R gatekeeper mutations. The insensitivity of sulfatinib to FGFR gatekeeper mutations highlights the indispensable interactions with the hydrophobic pocket for FGFR selectivity, whereas the rotatory flexibility may enable sulfatinib to overcome CSF-1RT663I. This study not only sheds light on the structural basis governing sulfatinib's FGFR/CSF-1R inhibition, but also provides valuable insights into the rational design of dual- or multi-target FGFR inhibitors with selectivity for CSF-1R and sensitivity to gatekeeper mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianmeng Lin
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Shuyan Dai
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Lingzhi Qu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Hudie Wei
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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Weyer MP, Strehle J, Schäfer MKE, Tegeder I. Repurposing of pexidartinib for microglia depletion and renewal. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 253:108565. [PMID: 38052308 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Pexidartinib (PLX3397) is a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) with moderate selectivity over other members of the platelet derived growth factor receptor family. It is approved for treatment of tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT). CSF1R is highly expressed by microglia, which are macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS) that defend the CNS against injury and pathogens and contribute to synapse development and plasticity. Challenged by pathogens, apoptotic cells, debris, or inflammatory molecules they adopt a responsive state to propagate the inflammation and eventually return to a homeostatic state. The phenotypic switch may fail, and disease-associated microglia contribute to the pathophysiology in neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric diseases or long-lasting detrimental brain inflammation after brain, spinal cord or nerve injury or ischemia/hemorrhage. Microglia also contribute to the growth permissive tumor microenvironment of glioblastoma (GBM). In rodents, continuous treatment for 1-2 weeks via pexidartinib food pellets leads to a depletion of microglia and subsequent repopulation from the remaining fraction, which is aided by peripheral monocytes that search empty niches for engraftment. The putative therapeutic benefit of such microglia depletion or forced renewal has been assessed in almost any rodent model of CNS disease or injury or GBM with heterogeneous outcomes, but a tendency of partial beneficial effects. So far, microglia monitoring e.g. via positron emission imaging is not standard of care for patients receiving Pexidartinib (e.g. for TGCT), so that the depletion and repopulation efficiency in humans is still largely unknown. Considering the virtuous functions of microglia, continuous depletion is likely no therapeutic option but short-lasting transient partial depletion to stimulate microglia renewal or replace microglia in genetic disease in combination with e.g. stem cell transplantation or as part of a multimodal concept in treatment of glioblastoma appears feasible. The present review provides an overview of the preclinical evidence pro and contra microglia depletion as a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Philipp Weyer
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jenny Strehle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael K E Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany.
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50
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Reverte I, Marchetti C, Pezza S, Zenoni SF, Scaringi G, Ferrucci L, D'Ottavio G, Pignataro A, Andolina D, Raspa M, Scavizzi F, Venniro M, Ramsey LA, Gross C, Caprioli D, Ragozzino D. Microglia-mediated calcium-permeable AMPAR accumulation in the nucleus accumbens drives hyperlocomotion during cocaine withdrawal. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:535-542. [PMID: 37967660 PMCID: PMC10915906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
During withdrawal from cocaine, calcium permeable-AMPA receptors (CP-AMPAR) progressively accumulate in nucleus accumbens (NAc) synapses, a phenomenon linked to behavioral sensitization and drug-seeking. Recently, it has been suggested that neuroimmune alterations might promote aberrant changes in synaptic plasticity, thus contributing to substance abuse-related behaviors. Here, we investigated the role of microglia in NAc neuroadaptations after withdrawal from cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). We depleted microglia using PLX5622-supplemented diet during cocaine withdrawal, and after the place preference test, we measured dendritic spine density and the presence of CP-AMPAR in the NAc shell. Microglia depletion prevented cocaine-induced changes in dendritic spines and CP-AMPAR accumulation. Furthermore, microglia depletion prevented conditioned hyperlocomotion without affecting drug-context associative memory. Microglia displayed fewer number of branches, resulting in a reduced arborization area and microglia control domain at late withdrawal. Our results suggest that microglia are necessary for the synaptic adaptations in NAc synapses during cocaine withdrawal and therefore represent a promising therapeutic target for relapse prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Reverte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Marchetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Pezza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Soami F Zenoni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Scaringi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ferrucci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Ginevra D'Ottavio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Annabella Pignataro
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Andolina
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Raspa
- National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (CNR-IBBC/EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC), International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso", Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Ferdinando Scavizzi
- National Research Council, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (CNR-IBBC/EMMA/Infrafrontier/IMPC), International Campus "A. Buzzati-Traverso", Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Marco Venniro
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Leslie A Ramsey
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore NIDA, NIH, USA
| | - Cornelius Gross
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Daniele Caprioli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
| | - Davide Ragozzino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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