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Selvarajan I, Kiema M, Huang RT, Li J, Zhu J, Pölönen P, Örd T, Õunap K, Godiwala M, Golebiewski AK, Ravindran A, Mäklin K, Toropainen A, Stolze LK, Arce M, Magnusson PU, White S, Romanoski CE, Heinäniemi M, Laakkonen JP, Fang Y, Kaikkonen MU. Coronary Artery Disease Risk Variant Dampens the Expression of CALCRL by Reducing HSF Binding to Shear Stress Responsive Enhancer in Endothelial Cells In Vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1330-1345. [PMID: 38602103 PMCID: PMC11111333 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CALCRL (calcitonin receptor-like) protein is an important mediator of the endothelial fluid shear stress response, which is associated with the genetic risk of coronary artery disease. In this study, we functionally characterized the noncoding regulatory elements carrying coronary artery disease that risks single-nucleotide polymorphisms and studied their role in the regulation of CALCRL expression in endothelial cells. METHODS To functionally characterize the coronary artery disease single-nucleotide polymorphisms harbored around the gene CALCRL, we applied an integrative approach encompassing statistical, transcriptional (RNA-seq), and epigenetic (ATAC-seq [transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing], chromatin immunoprecipitation assay-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and electromobility shift assay) analyses, alongside luciferase reporter assays, and targeted gene and enhancer perturbations (siRNA and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated 9) in human aortic endothelial cells. RESULTS We demonstrate that the regulatory element harboring rs880890 exhibits high enhancer activity and shows significant allelic bias. The A allele was favored over the G allele, particularly under shear stress conditions, mediated through alterations in the HSF1 (heat shock factor 1) motif and binding. CRISPR deletion of rs880890 enhancer resulted in downregulation of CALCRL expression, whereas HSF1 knockdown resulted in a significant decrease in rs880890-enhancer activity and CALCRL expression. A significant decrease in HSF1 binding to the enhancer region in endothelial cells was observed under disturbed flow compared with unidirectional flow. CALCRL knockdown and variant perturbation experiments indicated the role of CALCRL in mediating eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), APLN (apelin), angiopoietin, prostaglandins, and EDN1 (endothelin-1) signaling pathways leading to a decrease in cell proliferation, tube formation, and NO production. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results demonstrate the existence of an endothelial-specific HSF (heat shock factor)-regulated transcriptional enhancer that mediates CALCRL expression. A better understanding of CALCRL gene regulation and the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the modulation of CALCRL expression could provide important steps toward understanding the genetic regulation of shear stress signaling responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilakya Selvarajan
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miika Kiema
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ru-Ting Huang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Petri Pölönen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiit Örd
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kadri Õunap
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mehvash Godiwala
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Kathryn Golebiewski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The College of Medicine, The University of Arizona; Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Aarthi Ravindran
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kiira Mäklin
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Toropainen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lindsey K. Stolze
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The College of Medicine, The University of Arizona; Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Maximiliano Arce
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peetra U. Magnusson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stephen White
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Casey E. Romanoski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The College of Medicine, The University of Arizona; Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna P. Laakkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yun Fang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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2
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Shah PW, Reinberger T, Hashmi S, Aherrahrou Z, Erdmann J. MRAS in coronary artery disease-Unchartered territory. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:300-312. [PMID: 38251784 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility locus on chromosome 3q22.3. This locus contains a cluster of several genes that includes muscle rat sarcoma virus (MRAS). Common MRAS variants are also associated with CAD causing risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and type II diabetes. The MRAS gene is an oncogene that encodes a membrane-bound small GTPase. It is involved in a variety of signaling pathways, regulating cell differentiation and cell survival (mitogen-activated protein kinase [MAPK]/extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) as well as acute phase response signaling (tumor necrosis factor [TNF] and interleukin 6 [IL6] signaling). In this review, we will summarize the role of genetic MRAS variants in the etiology of CAD and its comorbidities with the focus on tissue distribution of MRAS isoforms, cell type/tissue specificity, and mode of action of single nucleotide variants in MRAS associated complex traits. Finally, we postulate that CAD risk variants in the MRAS locus are specific to smooth muscle cells and lead to higher levels of MRAS, particularly in arterial and cardiac tissue, resulting in MAPK-dependent tissue hypertrophy or hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pashmina Wiqar Shah
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Lübeck, Germany
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tobias Reinberger
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Lübeck, Germany
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Satwat Hashmi
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Lübeck, Germany
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Lübeck, Germany
- University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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3
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Okamura T, Tsukamoto K, Arai H, Fujioka Y, Ishigaki Y, Koba S, Ohmura H, Shoji T, Yokote K, Yoshida H, Yoshida M, Deguchi J, Dobashi K, Fujiyoshi A, Hamaguchi H, Hara M, Harada-Shiba M, Hirata T, Iida M, Ikeda Y, Ishibashi S, Kanda H, Kihara S, Kitagawa K, Kodama S, Koseki M, Maezawa Y, Masuda D, Miida T, Miyamoto Y, Nishimura R, Node K, Noguchi M, Ohishi M, Saito I, Sawada S, Sone H, Takemoto M, Wakatsuki A, Yanai H. Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:641-853. [PMID: 38123343 DOI: 10.5551/jat.gl2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Okamura
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hirotoshi Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate school of Medicine
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | | | - Juno Deguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Kazushige Dobashi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University
| | - Mami Iida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center
| | - Yoshiyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine
- Current affiliation: Ishibashi Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Shinji Kihara
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University graduate School of medicine
| | - Kazuo Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promotion of Health Checkup, Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Daisaku Masuda
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Innovative Medicine and Therapeutics, Dementia Care Center, Doctor's Support Center, Health Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center
| | - Takashi Miida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Rimei Nishimura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Midori Noguchi
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Shojiro Sawada
- Division of Metabolism and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital
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Linna-Kuosmanen S, Schmauch E, Galani K, Ojanen J, Boix CA, Örd T, Toropainen A, Singha PK, Moreau PR, Harju K, Blazeski A, Segerstolpe Å, Lahtinen V, Hou L, Kang K, Meibalan E, Agudelo LZ, Kokki H, Halonen J, Jalkanen J, Gunn J, MacRae CA, Hollmén M, Hartikainen JEK, Kaikkonen MU, García-Cardeña G, Tavi P, Kiviniemi T, Kellis M. Transcriptomic and spatial dissection of human ex vivo right atrial tissue reveals proinflammatory microvascular changes in ischemic heart disease. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101556. [PMID: 38776872 PMCID: PMC11148807 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease plays a central role in the electrical and structural remodeling of the right atrium, predisposing to arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden death. Here, we dissect with single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics the gene expression changes in the human ex vivo right atrial tissue and pericardial fluid in ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure using asymptomatic patients with valvular disease who undergo preventive surgery as the control group. We reveal substantial differences in disease-associated gene expression in all cell types, collectively suggesting inflammatory microvascular dysfunction and changes in the right atrial tissue composition as the valvular and vascular diseases progress into heart failure. The data collectively suggest that investigation of human cardiovascular disease should expand to all functionally important parts of the heart, which may help us to identify mechanisms promoting more severe types of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Linna-Kuosmanen
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Eloi Schmauch
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kyriakitsa Galani
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Johannes Ojanen
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carles A Boix
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tiit Örd
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Toropainen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Prosanta K Singha
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pierre R Moreau
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina Harju
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adriana Blazeski
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Åsa Segerstolpe
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Veikko Lahtinen
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Lei Hou
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kai Kang
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hannu Kokki
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Halonen
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juho Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Gunn
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Medicine and Network Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha E K Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomas Kiviniemi
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland; Cardiovascular Medicine and Network Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manolis Kellis
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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5
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Suzuki M, Mineharu Y, Okawa M, Yoshida K, Nagata M, Yang T, Suzuki K, Takayama N, Yamamoto Y, Tabara Y, Miyamoto S, Arakawa Y, Matsuda F. Common and distinct risk profiles of asymptomatic extra- and intracranial atherosclerosis in the Nagahama cohort. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024:107782. [PMID: 38777218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Atherosclerotic burden increases the risk of both extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis (ICS) and intracranial large artery disease (ICAD). However, the differences in risk profiles have not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS Participants were recruited from the Nagahama study cohort in Japan. Individuals over 60 years old who underwent 1.5-T head and neck magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) between July 2013 and February 2017 were included. ICAD was defined as WASID ≥ 50%, and ICS was defined as NSCET ≥ 30%. The prevalence and association of risk factors, including proatherogenic and proinflammatory factors, and the p.R4810K variant in the RNF213 gene, were investigated. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 3089 individuals participated in the study, with a mean age of 68.1 ± 5.3 years, and 36.0% were males. Among them, 52 (1.7%) had ICS, 119 (3.8%) had ICAD, and 15 (0.49%) had both conditions. Alopecia areata was an independent predictor for both ICS (Odds ratio [OR] 3.5; 95% CI 1.3-8.3) and ICAD (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.0-3.9). Diabetes (OR 3.7; 95% CI 2.0-7.0) and older age (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.2-4.5) were associated only with ICS, while the RNF213 variant was associated with only ICAD (OR 5.7; 95% CI 1.6-16.0). ICS and ICAD were also independently associated with each other. CONCLUSIONS In this MRA-based large scale study, alopecia areata, known as a systemic inflammatory disease, was shown to be a common risk factor for ICS and ICAD. While conventional atherosclerotic factors were associated with ICS, non-atherosclerotic factors appear to contribute to ICAD in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumu Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yohei Mineharu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Okawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Kazumichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Manabu Nagata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Naoki Takayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yu Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Arakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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6
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Gray MP, Fatkin D, Ingles J, Robertson EN, Figtree GA. Genetic testing in cardiovascular disease. Med J Aust 2024; 220:428-434. [PMID: 38571440 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.52278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally and is responsible for an estimated one-third of deaths as well as significant morbidity and health care utilisation. Technological and bioinformatic advances have facilitated the discovery of pathogenic germline variants for some specific CVDs, including familial hypercholesterolaemia, cardiomyopathies and arrhythmic syndromes. Use of these genetic tests for earlier disease identification is increasing due, in part, to decreasing costs, Medicare rebates, and consumer comfort with genetic testing. However, CVDs that occur more commonly, including coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation, do not display monogenic inheritance patterns. Genetically, these diseases have generally been associated with many genetic variants each with a small effect size. This complexity can be expressed mathematically as a polygenic risk score. Genetic testing kits that provide polygenic risk scoring are becoming increasingly available directly to private-paying consumers outside the traditional clinical setting. An improved understanding of the evidence of genetics in CVD will offer clinicians new opportunities for individualised risk prediction and preventive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Gray
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
- Kolling Institute, Sydney, NSW
| | - Diane Fatkin
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW
| | - Jodie Ingles
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW
| | | | - Gemma A Figtree
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
- Kolling Institute, Sydney, NSW
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW
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7
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Ghouse J, Sveinbjörnsson G, Vujkovic M, Seidelin AS, Gellert-Kristensen H, Ahlberg G, Tragante V, Rand SA, Brancale J, Vilarinho S, Lundegaard PR, Sørensen E, Erikstrup C, Bruun MT, Jensen BA, Brunak S, Banasik K, Ullum H, Verweij N, Lotta L, Baras A, Mirshahi T, Carey DJ, Kaplan DE, Lynch J, Morgan T, Schwantes-An TH, Dochtermann DR, Pyarajan S, Tsao PS, Laisk T, Mägi R, Kozlitina J, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Jones D, Knowlton KU, Nadauld L, Ferkingstad E, Björnsson ES, Ulfarsson MO, Sturluson Á, Sulem P, Pedersen OB, Ostrowski SR, Gudbjartsson DF, Stefansson K, Olesen MS, Chang KM, Holm H, Bundgaard H, Stender S. Integrative common and rare variant analyses provide insights into the genetic architecture of liver cirrhosis. Nat Genet 2024; 56:827-837. [PMID: 38632349 PMCID: PMC11096111 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
We report a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study on liver cirrhosis and its associated endophenotypes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transferase. Using data from 12 cohorts, including 18,265 cases with cirrhosis, 1,782,047 controls, up to 1 million individuals with liver function tests and a validation cohort of 21,689 cases and 617,729 controls, we identify and validate 14 risk associations for cirrhosis. Many variants are located near genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. One of these, PNPLA3 p.Ile148Met, interacts with alcohol intake, obesity and diabetes on the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We develop a polygenic risk score that associates with the progression from cirrhosis to HCC. By focusing on prioritized genes from common variant analyses, we find that rare coding variants in GPAM associate with lower ALT, supporting GPAM as a potential target for therapeutic inhibition. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the genetic underpinnings of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Ghouse
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Cardiac Genetics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Marijana Vujkovic
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anne-Sofie Seidelin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helene Gellert-Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gustav Ahlberg
- Cardiac Genetics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Søren A Rand
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cardiac Genetics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joseph Brancale
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Silvia Vilarinho
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pia Rengtved Lundegaard
- Cardiac Genetics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mie Topholm Bruun
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Søren Brunak
- Translational Disease Systems Biology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Niek Verweij
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Luca Lotta
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Tooraj Mirshahi
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - David J Carey
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - David E Kaplan
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie Lynch
- VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI), VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Timothy Morgan
- Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tae-Hwi Schwantes-An
- Gastroenterology Section, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel R Dochtermann
- Center for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saiju Pyarajan
- Center for Data and Computational Sciences, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Palo Alto Epidemiology Research and Information Center for Genomics, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Julia Kozlitina
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Jones
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, USA
| | - Kirk U Knowlton
- Intermountain Medical Center, Intermountain Heart Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lincoln Nadauld
- Precision Genomics, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, USA
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Einar S Björnsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Internal Medicine and Emergency Services, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Magnus O Ulfarsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | - Ole B Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Sisse R Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Morten Salling Olesen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cardiac Genetics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hilma Holm
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefan Stender
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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8
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Tada H, Nohara A, Usui S, Sakata K, Kawashiri MA, Takamura M. Validation of the 2022 Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Japan. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:550-558. [PMID: 37967952 PMCID: PMC11079493 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM In 2022, the Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) has revised its clinical diagnostic criteria of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and adopted the use of definite, probable, possible, and unlikely FH according to the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) FH criteria. However, these strata have not been validated and their impact on coronary artery disease (CAD) is yet to be elucidated. METHODS In this study, we retrospectively examined the patients with FH aged ≥ 15 years (N=857, male=431) who were admitted to Kanazawa University Hospital between 2010 and 2022. We assessed the prevalence of patients with a pathogenic variant as FH and odds ratio (OR) of CAD among each group determined by the JAS criteria 2022 for adults. RESULTS In total, 414, 128, 142, and 173 patients were found to have definite, probable, possible, and unlikely FH, respectively, in this population. The prevalences of patients with a pathogenic variant as FH were 77.1%, 28.7%, 13.0%, and 1.2 %, respectively, among the definite, probable, possible, and unlikely FH patients (P-trend <0.001). Compared with the reference group of unlikely FH, patients with definite, probable, and possible FH were noted to have significantly higher adjusted odds of developing CAD (OR, 9.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2-12.6; P<0.001 and OR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.7-6.4; P<0.001, and OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2-4.4; P=0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION The new JAS diagnostic criteria for FH have been noted to work well in terms of diagnosing definitive, probable, or possible FH patients. Thus, it is seen to be of great help in terms of risk discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Tada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nohara
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Soichiro Usui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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9
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Liu X, Koyama S, Tomizuka K, Takata S, Ishikawa Y, Ito S, Kosugi S, Suzuki K, Hikino K, Koido M, Koike Y, Horikoshi M, Gakuhari T, Ikegawa S, Matsuda K, Momozawa Y, Ito K, Kamatani Y, Terao C. Decoding triancestral origins, archaic introgression, and natural selection in the Japanese population by whole-genome sequencing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi8419. [PMID: 38630824 PMCID: PMC11023554 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi8419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
We generated Japanese Encyclopedia of Whole-Genome/Exome Sequencing Library (JEWEL), a high-depth whole-genome sequencing dataset comprising 3256 individuals from across Japan. Analysis of JEWEL revealed genetic characteristics of the Japanese population that were not discernible using microarray data. First, rare variant-based analysis revealed an unprecedented fine-scale genetic structure. Together with population genetics analysis, the present-day Japanese can be decomposed into three ancestral components. Second, we identified unreported loss-of-function (LoF) variants and observed that for specific genes, LoF variants appeared to be restricted to a more limited set of transcripts than would be expected by chance, with PTPRD as a notable example. Third, we identified 44 archaic segments linked to complex traits, including a Denisovan-derived segment at NKX6-1 associated with type 2 diabetes. Most of these segments are specific to East Asians. Fourth, we identified candidate genetic loci under recent natural selection. Overall, our work provided insights into genetic characteristics of the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Liu
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koyama
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kohei Tomizuka
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Takata
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shuji Ito
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kosugi
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Suzuki
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiko Hikino
- Laboratory for Pharmacogenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaru Koido
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Koike
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Gakuhari
- Institute for the Study of Ancient Civilizations and Cultural Resources, College of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kochi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genomics and Informatics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
- The Department of Applied Genetics, The School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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10
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Kazemi Asl S, Rahimzadegan M, Kazemi Asl A. Pharmacogenomics-based systematic review of coronary artery disease based on personalized medicine procedure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28983. [PMID: 38601677 PMCID: PMC11004819 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common reason for mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost globally. This study aimed to suggest a new gene list for the treatment of CAD by a systematic review of bioinformatics analyses of pharmacogenomics impacts of potential genes and variants. Methods PubMed search was filtered by the title including Coronary Artery Disease during 2020-2023. To find the genes with pharmacogenetic impact on the CAD, additional filtrations were considered according to the variant annotations. Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs), Gene-miRNA Interactions (GMIs), Protein-Drug Interactions (PDIs), and variant annotation assessments (VAAs) performed by STRING-MODEL (ver. 12), Cytoscape (ver. 3.10), miRTargetLink.2., NetworkAnalyst (ver 0.3.0), and PharmGKB. Results Results revealed 5618 publications, 1290 papers were qualified, and finally, 650 papers were included. 4608 protein-coding genes were extracted, among them, 1432 unique genes were distinguished and 530 evidence-based repeated genes remained. 71 genes showed a pharmacogenetics-related variant annotation in at least (entirely 6331 annotations). Variant annotation assessment (VAA) showed 532 potential variants for the final report, and finally, the concluding PGs list represented 175 variants. Based on the function and MAF, 57 nonsynonymous variants of 29 Pharmacogenomics-related genes were associated with CAD. Conclusion Conclusively, evaluating circulating miR33a in individuals' plasma with CAD, and genotyping of rs2230806, rs2230808, rs2487032, rs12003906, rs2472507, rs2515629, and rs4149297 (ABCA1 variants) lead to precisely prescribing of well-known drugs. Also, the findings of this review can be used in both whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis in the prognosis and diagnosis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Kazemi Asl
- Deputy of Education, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rahimzadegan
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Kazemi Asl
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Zhang T, Zhou G, Klei L, Liu P, Chouldechova A, Zhao H, Roeder K, G'Sell M, Devlin B. Evaluating and improving health equity and fairness of polygenic scores. HGG ADVANCES 2024; 5:100280. [PMID: 38402414 PMCID: PMC10937319 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2024.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polygenic scores (PGSs) are quantitative metrics for predicting phenotypic values, such as human height or disease status. Some PGS methods require only summary statistics of a relevant genome-wide association study (GWAS) for their score. One such method is Lassosum, which inherits the model selection advantages of Lasso to select a meaningful subset of the GWAS single-nucleotide polymorphisms as predictors from their association statistics. However, even efficient scores like Lassosum, when derived from European-based GWASs, are poor predictors of phenotype for subjects of non-European ancestry; that is, they have limited portability to other ancestries. To increase the portability of Lassosum, when GWAS information and estimates of linkage disequilibrium are available for both ancestries, we propose Joint-Lassosum (JLS). In the simulation settings we explore, JLS provides more accurate PGSs compared to other methods, especially when measured in terms of fairness. In analyses of UK Biobank data, JLS was computationally more efficient but slightly less accurate than a Bayesian comparator, SDPRX. Like all PGS methods, JLS requires selection of predictors, which are determined by data-driven tuning parameters. We describe a new approach to selecting tuning parameters and note its relevance for model selection for any PGS. We also draw connections to the literature on algorithmic fairness and discuss how JLS can help mitigate fairness-related harms that might result from the use of PGSs in clinical settings. While no PGS method is likely to be universally portable, due to the diversity of human populations and unequal information content of GWASs for different ancestries, JLS is an effective approach for enhancing portability and reducing predictive bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Geyu Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Lambertus Klei
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Alexandra Chouldechova
- Microsoft Research NYC, New York, NY 10012, USA; Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Kathryn Roeder
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Computational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Max G'Sell
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bernie Devlin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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12
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Truong B, Hull LE, Ruan Y, Huang QQ, Hornsby W, Martin H, van Heel DA, Wang Y, Martin AR, Lee SH, Natarajan P. Integrative polygenic risk score improves the prediction accuracy of complex traits and diseases. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100523. [PMID: 38508198 PMCID: PMC11019356 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) are an emerging tool to predict the clinical phenotypes and outcomes of individuals. We propose PRSmix, a framework that leverages the PRS corpus of a target trait to improve prediction accuracy, and PRSmix+, which incorporates genetically correlated traits to better capture the human genetic architecture for 47 and 32 diseases/traits in European and South Asian ancestries, respectively. PRSmix demonstrated a mean prediction accuracy improvement of 1.20-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], [1.10; 1.3]; p = 9.17 × 10-5) and 1.19-fold (95% CI, [1.11; 1.27]; p = 1.92 × 10-6), and PRSmix+ improved the prediction accuracy by 1.72-fold (95% CI, [1.40; 2.04]; p = 7.58 × 10-6) and 1.42-fold (95% CI, [1.25; 1.59]; p = 8.01 × 10-7) in European and South Asian ancestries, respectively. Compared to the previously cross-trait-combination methods with scores from pre-defined correlated traits, we demonstrated that our method improved prediction accuracy for coronary artery disease up to 3.27-fold (95% CI, [2.1; 4.44]; p value after false discovery rate (FDR) correction = 2.6 × 10-4). Our method provides a comprehensive framework to benchmark and leverage the combined power of PRS for maximal performance in a desired target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buu Truong
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leland E Hull
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yunfeng Ruan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Qin Qin Huang
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Whitney Hornsby
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hilary Martin
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - David A van Heel
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ying Wang
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Hong Lee
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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13
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Pepin ME, Gupta RM. The Role of Endothelial Cells in Atherosclerosis: Insights from Genetic Association Studies. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:499-509. [PMID: 37827214 PMCID: PMC10988759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) mediate several biological functions that are relevant to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD), regulating an array of vital processes including vascular tone, wound healing, reactive oxygen species, shear stress response, and inflammation. Although which of these functions is linked causally with CAD development and/or progression is not yet known, genome-wide association studies have implicated more than 400 loci associated with CAD risk, among which several have shown EC-relevant functions. Given the arduous process of mechanistically interrogating single loci to CAD, high-throughput variant characterization methods, including pooled Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats screens, offer exciting potential to rapidly accelerate the discovery of bona fide EC-relevant genetic loci. These discoveries in turn will broaden the therapeutic avenues for CAD beyond lipid lowering and behavioral risk modification to include EC-centric modalities of risk prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Pepin
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajat M Gupta
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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14
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Yang ML, Xu C, Gupte T, Hoffmann TJ, Iribarren C, Zhou X, Ganesh SK. Sex-specific genetic architecture of blood pressure. Nat Med 2024; 30:818-828. [PMID: 38459180 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02858-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The genetic and genomic basis of sex differences in blood pressure (BP) traits remain unstudied at scale. Here, we conducted sex-stratified and combined-sex genome-wide association studies of BP traits using the UK Biobank resource, identifying 1,346 previously reported and 29 new BP trait-associated loci. Among associated loci, 412 were female-specific (Pfemale ≤ 5 × 10-8; Pmale > 5 × 10-8) and 142 were male-specific (Pmale ≤ 5 × 10-8; Pfemale > 5 × 10-8); these sex-specific loci were enriched for hormone-related transcription factors, in particular, estrogen receptor 1. Analyses of gene-by-sex interactions and sexually dimorphic effects identified four genomic regions, showing female-specific associations with diastolic BP or pulse pressure, including the chromosome 13q34-COL4A1/COL4A2 locus. Notably, female-specific pulse pressure-associated loci exhibited enriched acetylated histone H3 Lys27 modifications in arterial tissues and a female-specific association with fibromuscular dysplasia, a female-biased vascular disease; colocalization signals included Chr13q34: COL4A1/COL4A2, Chr9p21: CDKN2B-AS1 and Chr4q32.1: MAP9 regions. Sex-specific and sex-biased polygenic associations of BP traits were associated with multiple cardiovascular traits. These findings suggest potentially clinically significant and BP sex-specific pleiotropic effects on cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Lee Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Trisha Gupte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas J Hoffmann
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Institute for Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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15
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Suzuki K, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, Taylor HJ, Yin X, Lorenz KM, Mandla R, Huerta-Chagoya A, Melloni GEM, Kanoni S, Rayner NW, Bocher O, Arruda AL, Sonehara K, Namba S, Lee SSK, Preuss MH, Petty LE, Schroeder P, Vanderwerff B, Kals M, Bragg F, Lin K, Guo X, Zhang W, Yao J, Kim YJ, Graff M, Takeuchi F, Nano J, Lamri A, Nakatochi M, Moon S, Scott RA, Cook JP, Lee JJ, Pan I, Taliun D, Parra EJ, Chai JF, Bielak LF, Tabara Y, Hai Y, Thorleifsson G, Grarup N, Sofer T, Wuttke M, Sarnowski C, Gieger C, Nousome D, Trompet S, Kwak SH, Long J, Sun M, Tong L, Chen WM, Nongmaithem SS, Noordam R, Lim VJY, Tam CHT, Joo YY, Chen CH, Raffield LM, Prins BP, Nicolas A, Yanek LR, Chen G, Brody JA, Kabagambe E, An P, Xiang AH, Choi HS, Cade BE, Tan J, Broadaway KA, Williamson A, Kamali Z, Cui J, Thangam M, Adair LS, Adeyemo A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Ahluwalia TS, Anand SS, Bertoni A, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Buchanan TA, Burant CF, Butterworth AS, Canouil M, Chan JCN, Chang LC, Chee ML, Chen J, Chen SH, Chen YT, Chen Z, Chuang LM, Cushman M, Danesh J, Das SK, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Dimitrov L, Doumatey AP, Du S, Duan Q, Eckardt KU, Emery LS, Evans DS, Evans MK, Fischer K, Floyd JS, Ford I, Franco OH, Frayling TM, Freedman BI, Genter P, Gerstein HC, Giedraitis V, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Gordon-Larsen P, Gross M, Guare LA, Hackinger S, Hakaste L, Han S, Hattersley AT, Herder C, Horikoshi M, Howard AG, Hsueh W, Huang M, Huang W, Hung YJ, Hwang MY, Hwu CM, Ichihara S, Ikram MA, Ingelsson M, Islam MT, Isono M, Jang HM, Jasmine F, Jiang G, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Kamanu FK, Kandeel FR, Kasturiratne A, Katsuya T, Kaur V, Kawaguchi T, Keaton JM, Kho AN, Khor CC, Kibriya MG, Kim DH, Kronenberg F, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lange LA, Lee KM, Lee MS, Lee NR, Leong A, Li L, Li Y, Li-Gao R, Ligthart S, Lindgren CM, Linneberg A, Liu CT, Liu J, Locke AE, Louie T, Luan J, Luk AO, Luo X, Lv J, Lynch JA, Lyssenko V, Maeda S, Mamakou V, Mansuri SR, Matsuda K, Meitinger T, Melander O, Metspalu A, Mo H, Morris AD, Moura FA, Nadler JL, Nalls MA, Nayak U, Ntalla I, Okada Y, Orozco L, Patel SR, Patil S, Pei P, Pereira MA, Peters A, Pirie FJ, Polikowsky HG, Porneala B, Prasad G, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Reiner AP, Roden M, Rohde R, Roll K, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Sankareswaran A, Sattar N, Schönherr S, Shahriar M, Shen B, Shi J, Shin DM, Shojima N, Smith JA, So WY, Stančáková A, Steinthorsdottir V, Stilp AM, Strauch K, Taylor KD, Thorand B, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tomlinson B, Tran TC, Tsai FJ, Tuomilehto J, Tusie-Luna T, Udler MS, Valladares-Salgado A, van Dam RM, van Klinken JB, Varma R, Wacher-Rodarte N, Wheeler E, Wickremasinghe AR, van Dijk KW, Witte DR, Yajnik CS, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto K, Yoon K, Yu C, Yuan JM, Yusuf S, Zawistowski M, Zhang L, Zheng W, Raffel LJ, Igase M, Ipp E, Redline S, Cho YS, Lind L, Province MA, Fornage M, Hanis CL, Ingelsson E, Zonderman AB, Psaty BM, Wang YX, Rotimi CN, Becker DM, Matsuda F, Liu Y, Yokota M, Kardia SLR, Peyser PA, Pankow JS, Engert JC, Bonnefond A, Froguel P, Wilson JG, Sheu WHH, Wu JY, Hayes MG, Ma RCW, Wong TY, Mook-Kanamori DO, Tuomi T, Chandak GR, Collins FS, Bharadwaj D, Paré G, Sale MM, Ahsan H, Motala AA, Shu XO, Park KS, Jukema JW, Cruz M, Chen YDI, Rich SS, McKean-Cowdin R, Grallert H, Cheng CY, Ghanbari M, Tai ES, Dupuis J, Kato N, Laakso M, Köttgen A, Koh WP, Bowden DW, Palmer CNA, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Liu S, North KE, Saleheen D, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Wareham NJ, Lee J, Kim BJ, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Stefansson K, Ahlqvist E, Goodarzi MO, Mohlke KL, Langenberg C, Haiman CA, Loos RJF, Florez JC, Rader DJ, Ritchie MD, Zöllner S, Mägi R, Marston NA, Ruff CT, van Heel DA, Finer S, Denny JC, Yamauchi T, Kadowaki T, Chambers JC, Ng MCY, Sim X, Below JE, Tsao PS, Chang KM, McCarthy MI, Meigs JB, Mahajan A, Spracklen CN, Mercader JM, Boehnke M, Rotter JI, Vujkovic M, Voight BF, Morris AP, Zeggini E. Genetic drivers of heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology. Nature 2024; 627:347-357. [PMID: 38374256 PMCID: PMC10937372 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease that develops through diverse pathophysiological processes1,2 and molecular mechanisms that are often specific to cell type3,4. Here, to characterize the genetic contribution to these processes across ancestry groups, we aggregate genome-wide association study data from 2,535,601 individuals (39.7% not of European ancestry), including 428,452 cases of T2D. We identify 1,289 independent association signals at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8) that map to 611 loci, of which 145 loci are, to our knowledge, previously unreported. We define eight non-overlapping clusters of T2D signals that are characterized by distinct profiles of cardiometabolic trait associations. These clusters are differentially enriched for cell-type-specific regions of open chromatin, including pancreatic islets, adipocytes, endothelial cells and enteroendocrine cells. We build cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores5 in a further 279,552 individuals of diverse ancestry, including 30,288 cases of T2D, and test their association with T2D-related vascular outcomes. Cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores are associated with coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and end-stage diabetic nephropathy across ancestry groups, highlighting the importance of obesity-related processes in the development of vascular outcomes. Our findings show the value of integrating multi-ancestry genome-wide association study data with single-cell epigenomics to disentangle the aetiological heterogeneity that drives the development and progression of T2D. This might offer a route to optimize global access to genetically informed diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Suzuki
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henry J Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xianyong Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kim M Lorenz
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ravi Mandla
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giorgio E M Melloni
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ozvan Bocher
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ana Luiza Arruda
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Graduate School of Experimental Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich School for Data Science, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kyuto Sonehara
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Simon S K Lee
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Philip Schroeder
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett Vanderwerff
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mart Kals
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jana Nano
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Amel Lamri
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jung-Jin Lee
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Daniel Taliun
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Esteban J Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yang Hai
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chloé Sarnowski
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Soo-Heon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lin Tong
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suraj S Nongmaithem
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victor J Y Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudia H T Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bram Peter Prins
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edmond Kabagambe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Academics, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Division of Biostatistics Research, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hyeok Sun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Tan
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - K Alaine Broadaway
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice Williamson
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zoha Kamali
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Bioinformatics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jinrui Cui
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Manonanthini Thangam
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas and Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles F Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus, University of Cambridge, Hinxton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Behaviour, Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ji Chen
- Exeter Centre of Excellence in Diabetes (ExCEeD), Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Shyh-Huei Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus, University of Cambridge, Hinxton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Behaviour, Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Swapan K Das
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Pauline Genter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Hertzel C Gerstein
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Elena González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lindsay A Guare
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sophie Hackinger
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Liisa Hakaste
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | | | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Annie-Green Howard
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Willa Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mengna Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mohammad Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Masato Isono
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hye-Mi Jang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Frederick K Kamanu
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Varinderpal Kaur
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jacob M Keaton
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Abel N Kho
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Health Information Partnerships, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Soochunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soochunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Aaron Leong
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adam E Locke
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea O Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Julie A Lynch
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Vasiliki Mamakou
- Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sohail Rafik Mansuri
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Huan Mo
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew D Morris
- Usher Institute to the Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Filipe A Moura
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Snehal Patil
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Mark A Pereira
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fraser J Pirie
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hannah G Polikowsky
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bianca Porneala
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katheryn Roll
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alagu Sankareswaran
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Botong Shen
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Mun Shin
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Nobuhiro Shojima
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wing Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Tam C Tran
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- National School of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie-Luna
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxiología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam S Udler
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan B van Klinken
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Disease, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rohit Varma
- Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Chittaranjan S Yajnik
- Diabetology Research Centre, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kyungheon Yoon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, UCI Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Touon, Japan
| | - Eli Ipp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James C Engert
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James G Wilson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Francis S Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michèle M Sale
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayesha A Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyong-Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josee Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brown University Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Precision Medicine, University of Pennsylvania - Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nicholas A Marston
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian T Ruff
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Sarah Finer
- Institute for Population Health Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Josep M Mercader
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marijana Vujkovic
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin F Voight
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
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16
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Tada H, Kawashiri MA, Nohara A, Sekiya T, Watanabe A, Takamura M. Genetic Counseling and Genetic Testing for Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:297. [PMID: 38540356 PMCID: PMC10970256 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most common autosomal codominant Mendelian diseases. The major complications of FH include tendon and cutaneous xanthomas and coronary artery disease (CAD) associated with a substantial elevation of serum low-density lipoprotein levels (LDL). Genetic counseling and genetic testing for FH is useful for its diagnosis, risk stratification, and motivation for further LDL-lowering treatments. In this study, we summarize the epidemiology of FH based on numerous genetic studies, including its pathogenic variants, genotype-phenotype correlation, prognostic factors, screening, and usefulness of genetic counseling and genetic testing. Due to the variety of treatments available for this common Mendelian disease, genetic counseling and genetic testing for FH should be implemented in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Tada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
| | - Masa-aki Kawashiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaga Medical Center, Kaga 922-8522, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Nohara
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8530, Japan;
| | - Tomoko Sekiya
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (T.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Atsushi Watanabe
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (T.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Masayuki Takamura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
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17
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Lo Faro V, Bhattacharya A, Zhou W, Zhou D, Wang Y, Läll K, Kanai M, Lopera-Maya E, Straub P, Pawar P, Tao R, Zhong X, Namba S, Sanna S, Nolte IM, Okada Y, Ingold N, MacGregor S, Snieder H, Surakka I, Shortt J, Gignoux C, Rafaels N, Crooks K, Verma A, Verma SS, Guare L, Rader DJ, Willer C, Martin AR, Brantley MA, Gamazon ER, Jansonius NM, Joos K, Cox NJ, Hirbo J. Novel ancestry-specific primary open-angle glaucoma loci and shared biology with vascular mechanisms and cell proliferation. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101430. [PMID: 38382466 PMCID: PMC10897632 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, shows disparity in prevalence and manifestations across ancestries. We perform meta-analysis across 15 biobanks (of the Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative) (n = 1,487,441: cases = 26,848) and merge with previous multi-ancestry studies, with the combined dataset representing the largest and most diverse POAG study to date (n = 1,478,037: cases = 46,325) and identify 17 novel significant loci, 5 of which were ancestry specific. Gene-enrichment and transcriptome-wide association analyses implicate vascular and cancer genes, a fifth of which are primary ciliary related. We perform an extensive statistical analysis of SIX6 and CDKN2B-AS1 loci in human GTEx data and across large electronic health records showing interaction between SIX6 gene and causal variants in the chr9p21.3 locus, with expression effect on CDKN2A/B. Our results suggest that some POAG risk variants may be ancestry specific, sex specific, or both, and support the contribution of genes involved in programmed cell death in POAG pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lo Faro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arjun Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esteban Lopera-Maya
- University of Groningen, UMCG, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Straub
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Priyanka Pawar
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xue Zhong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Serena Sanna
- University of Groningen, UMCG, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute for Genetics and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka, Japan; Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nathan Ingold
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jonathan Shortt
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Chris Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristy Crooks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anurag Verma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shefali S Verma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lindsay Guare
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cristen Willer
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Milam A Brantley
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nomdo M Jansonius
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karen Joos
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jibril Hirbo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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18
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Chappell E, Arbour L, Laksman Z. The Inclusion of Underrepresented Populations in Cardiovascular Genetics and Epidemiology. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:56. [PMID: 38392270 PMCID: PMC10888590 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel genetic risk markers have helped us to advance the field of cardiovascular epidemiology and refine our current understanding and risk stratification paradigms. The discovery and analysis of variants can help us to tailor prognostication and management. However, populations underrepresented in cardiovascular epidemiology and cardiogenetics research may experience inequities in care if prediction tools are not applicable to them clinically. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to outline the barriers that underrepresented populations can face in participating in genetics research, to describe the current efforts to diversify cardiogenetics research, and to outline strategies that researchers in cardiovascular epidemiology can implement to include underrepresented populations. Mistrust, a lack of diverse research teams, the improper use of sensitive biodata, and the constraints of genetic analyses are all barriers for including diverse populations in genetics studies. The current work is beginning to address the paucity of ethnically diverse genetics research and has already begun to shed light on the potential benefits of including underrepresented and diverse populations. Reducing barriers for individuals, utilizing community-driven research processes, adopting novel recruitment strategies, and pushing for organizational support for diverse genetics research are key steps that clinicians and researchers can take to develop equitable risk stratification tools and improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Chappell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Laura Arbour
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Zachary Laksman
- Department of Medicine and the School of Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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19
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Lin H, Zhang M, Hu M, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Tang W, Ouyang Y, Jiang L, Mi Y, Chen Z, He P, Zhao G, Ouyang X. Emerging applications of single-cell profiling in precision medicine of atherosclerosis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:97. [PMID: 38263066 PMCID: PMC10804726 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory disease that occurs in the arterial wall. Despite recent advancements in treatment aimed at improving efficacy and prolonging survival, atherosclerosis remains largely incurable. In this review, we discuss emerging single-cell sequencing techniques and their novel insights into atherosclerosis. We provide examples of single-cell profiling studies that reveal phenotypic characteristics of atherosclerosis plaques, blood, liver, and the intestinal tract. Additionally, we highlight the potential clinical applications of single-cell analysis and propose that combining this approach with other techniques can facilitate early diagnosis and treatment, leading to more accurate medical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Lin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Mi Hu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yangkai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - WeiWei Jiang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanying Tang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Ouyang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yali Mi
- Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pingping He
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Guojun Zhao
- Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People's Hospital), Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xinping Ouyang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Hunan, Changsha, China.
- The Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, 410081, Hunan, Changsha, China.
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20
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Hodonsky CJ, Turner AW, Khan MD, Barrientos NB, Methorst R, Ma L, Lopez NG, Mosquera JV, Auguste G, Farber E, Ma WF, Wong D, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Kavousi M, Peyser PA, van der Laan SW, Leeper NJ, Kovacic JC, Björkegren JLM, Miller CL. Multi-ancestry genetic analysis of gene regulation in coronary arteries prioritizes disease risk loci. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100465. [PMID: 38190101 PMCID: PMC10794848 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified hundreds of risk loci for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, non-European populations are underrepresented in GWASs, and the causal gene-regulatory mechanisms of these risk loci during atherosclerosis remain unclear. We incorporated local ancestry and haplotypes to identify quantitative trait loci for expression (eQTLs) and splicing (sQTLs) in coronary arteries from 138 ancestrally diverse Americans. Of 2,132 eQTL-associated genes (eGenes), 47% were previously unreported in coronary artery; 19% exhibited cell-type-specific expression. Colocalization revealed subgroups of eGenes unique to CAD and blood pressure GWAS. Fine-mapping highlighted additional eGenes, including TBX20 and IL5. We also identified sQTLs for 1,690 genes, among which TOR1AIP1 and ULK3 sQTLs demonstrated the importance of evaluating splicing to accurately identify disease-relevant isoform expression. Our work provides a patient-derived coronary artery eQTL resource and exemplifies the need for diverse study populations and multifaceted approaches to characterize gene regulation in disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mohammad Daud Khan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nelson B Barrientos
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ruben Methorst
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nicolas G Lopez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Gaëlle Auguste
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Emily Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Wei Feng Ma
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Suna Onengut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48019, USA
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Leeper
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Clint L Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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21
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Ye Y, Hu J, Pang F, Cui C, Zhao H. Genomic risk prediction of cardiovascular diseases among type 2 diabetes patients in the UK Biobank. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2024; 3:1320748. [PMID: 38239805 PMCID: PMC10794561 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2023.1320748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Polygenic risk score (PRS) has proved useful in predicting the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) based on the genotypes of an individual, but most analyses have focused on disease onset in the general population. The usefulness of PRS to predict CVD risk among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients remains unclear. Methods: We built a meta-PRSCVD upon the candidate PRSs developed from state-of-the-art PRS methods for three CVD subtypes of significant importance: coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke (IS), and heart failure (HF). To evaluate the prediction performance of the meta-PRSCVD, we restricted our analysis to 21,092 white British T2D patients in the UK Biobank, among which 4,015 had CVD events. Results: Results showed that the meta-PRSCVD was significantly associated with CVD risk with a hazard ratio per standard deviation increase of 1.28 (95% CI: 1.23-1.33). The meta-PRSCVD alone predicted the CVD incidence with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.54-0.59). When restricted to the early-onset patients (onset age ≤ 55), the AUC was further increased to 0.61 (95% CI 0.56-0.67). Conclusion: Our results highlight the potential role of genomic screening for secondary preventions of CVD among T2D patients, especially among early-onset patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Ye
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Fuyuan Pang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
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22
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Harvey AB, Wolters RA, Deepe RN, Tarolli HG, Drummond JR, Trouten A, Zandi A, Barth JL, Mukherjee R, Romeo MJ, Vaena SG, Tao G, Muise-Helmericks R, Ramos PS, Norris RA, Wessels A. Epicardial deletion of Sox9 leads to myxomatous valve degeneration and identifies Cd109 as a novel gene associated with valve development. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 186:16-30. [PMID: 37935281 PMCID: PMC10843603 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Epicardial-derived cells (EPDCs) are involved in the regulation of myocardial growth and coronary vascularization and are critically important for proper development of the atrioventricular (AV) valves. SOX9 is a transcription factor expressed in a variety of epithelial and mesenchymal cells in the developing heart, including EPDCs. To determine the role of SOX9 in epicardial development, an epicardial-specific Sox9 knockout mouse model was generated. Deleting Sox9 from the epicardial cell lineage impairs the ability of EPDCs to invade both the ventricular myocardium and the developing AV valves. After birth, the mitral valves of these mice become myxomatous with associated abnormalities in extracellular matrix organization. This phenotype is reminiscent of that seen in humans with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MVD). An RNA-seq analysis was conducted in an effort to identify genes associated with this myxomatous degeneration. From this experiment, Cd109 was identified as a gene associated with myxomatous valve pathogenesis in this model. Cd109 has never been described in the context of heart development or valve disease. This study highlights the importance of SOX9 in the regulation of epicardial cell invasion-emphasizing the importance of EPDCs in regulating AV valve development and homeostasis-and reports a novel expression profile of Cd109, a gene with previously unknown relevance in heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Harvey
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Renélyn A Wolters
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Raymond N Deepe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Hannah G Tarolli
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Jenna R Drummond
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Allison Trouten
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Auva Zandi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Jeremy L Barth
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Rupak Mukherjee
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 30 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Martin J Romeo
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Silvia G Vaena
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Ge Tao
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Robin Muise-Helmericks
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Paula S Ramos
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Russell A Norris
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Andy Wessels
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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23
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Murai Y, Matano F, Kubota A, Nounaka Y, Ishisaka E, Shirokane K, Koketsu K, Nakae R, Tamaki T. RNF213-Related Vasculopathy: Various Systemic Vascular Diseases Involving RNF213 Gene Mutations: Review. J NIPPON MED SCH 2024; 91:140-145. [PMID: 38777780 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.jnms.2024_91-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder that is predominantly observed in women of East Asian descent, and is characterized by progressive stenosis of the internal carotid artery, beginning in early childhood, and a distinctive network of collateral vessels known as "moyamoya vessels" in the basal ganglia. Additionally, a prevalent genetic variant found in most MMD cases is the p.R4810K polymorphism of RNF213 on chromosome 17q25.3. Recent studies have revealed that RNF213 mutations are associated not only with MMD, but also with other systemic vascular disorders, including intracranial atherosclerosis and systemic vascular abnormalities such as pulmonary artery stenosis and coronary artery diseases. Therefore, the concept of "RNF213-related vasculopathy" has been proposed. This review focuses on polymorphisms in the RNF213 gene and describes a wide range of clinical and genetic phenotypes associated with RNF213-related vasculopathy. The RNF213 gene has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases and developing new therapies. Therefore, further research and knowledge sharing through collaboration between clinicians and researchers are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Murai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Fumihiro Matano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Asami Kubota
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Yohei Nounaka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Eitaro Ishisaka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
| | - Kazutaka Shirokane
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Kenta Koketsu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital
| | - Ryuta Nakae
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Tomonori Tamaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital
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24
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Cornelissen A, Gadhoke NV, Ryan K, Hodonsky CJ, Mitchell R, Bihlmeyer NA, Duong T, Chen Z, Dikongue A, Sakamoto A, Sato Y, Kawakami R, Mori M, Kawai K, Fernandez R, Ghosh SKB, Braumann R, Abebe B, Kutys R, Kutyna M, Romero ME, Kolodgie FD, Miller CL, Hong CC, Grove ML, Brody JA, Sotoodehnia N, Arking DE, Schunkert H, Mitchell BD, Guo L, Virmani R, Finn AV. Polygenic Risk Score Associates With Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics at Autopsy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:300-313. [PMID: 37916415 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for coronary artery disease (CAD) potentially improve cardiovascular risk prediction. However, their relationship with histopathologic features of CAD has never been examined systematically. METHODS From 4327 subjects referred to CVPath by the State of Maryland Office Chief Medical Examiner for sudden death between 1994 and 2015, 2455 cases were randomly selected for genotyping. We generated PRS from 291 known CAD risk loci. Detailed histopathologic examination of the coronary arteries was performed in all subjects. The primary study outcome measurements were histopathologic plaque features determining severity of atherosclerosis, including %stenosis, calcification, thin-cap fibroatheromas, and thrombotic CAD. RESULTS After exclusion of cases with insufficient DNA sample quality or with missing data, 954 cases (mean age, 48.8±14.7 years; 75.7% men) remained in the final study cohort. Subjects in the highest PRS quintile exhibited more severe atherosclerosis compared with subjects in the lowest quintile, with greater %stenosis (80.3%±27.0% versus 50.4%±38.7%; adjusted P<0.001) and a higher frequency of calcification (69.6% versus 35.8%; adjusted P=0.004) and thin-cap fibroatheroma (26.7% versus 9.5%; adjusted P=0.007). Even after adjustment for traditional CAD risk factors, subjects within the highest PRS quintile had higher odds of severe atherosclerosis (ie, ≥75% stenosis; adjusted odds ratio, 3.77 [95% CI, 2.10-6.78]; P<0.001) and plaque rupture (adjusted odds ratio, 4.05 [95% CI, 2.26-7.24]; P<0.001). Moreover, subjects within the highest quintile had higher odds of CAD-associated cause of death, especially among those aged ≤50 years (adjusted odds ratio, 4.08 [95% CI, 2.01-8.30]; P<0.001). No statistically significant associations were observed with plaque erosion after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS This is the first autopsy study investigating associations between PRS and atherosclerosis severity at the histopathologic level in subjects with sudden death. Our pathological analysis suggests PRS correlates with plaque burden and features of advanced atherosclerosis and may be useful as a method for CAD risk stratification, especially in younger subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Cornelissen
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany (A.C.)
| | - Neel V Gadhoke
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (K.R., C.C.H., B.D.M., A.V.F.)
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (C.J.H., C.L.M.)
| | - Rebecca Mitchell
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.M., N.A.B., T.D., M.L.G., N.S., D.E.A.)
| | - Nathan A Bihlmeyer
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.M., N.A.B., T.D., M.L.G., N.S., D.E.A.)
| | - ThuyVy Duong
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.M., N.A.B., T.D., M.L.G., N.S., D.E.A.)
| | - Zhifen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (Z.C., H.S.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-und Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (Z.C., H.S.)
| | - Armelle Dikongue
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Atsushi Sakamoto
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Yu Sato
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Rika Kawakami
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Masayuki Mori
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Kenji Kawai
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Raquel Fernandez
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Saikat Kumar B Ghosh
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Ryan Braumann
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Biniyam Abebe
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Robert Kutys
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Matthew Kutyna
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Maria E Romero
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Frank D Kolodgie
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Clint L Miller
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville (C.J.H., C.L.M.)
| | - Charles C Hong
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (K.R., C.C.H., B.D.M., A.V.F.)
| | - Megan L Grove
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.M., N.A.B., T.D., M.L.G., N.S., D.E.A.)
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (J.A.B.)
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.M., N.A.B., T.D., M.L.G., N.S., D.E.A.)
| | - Dan E Arking
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.M., N.A.B., T.D., M.L.G., N.S., D.E.A.)
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany (Z.C., H.S.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-und Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (Z.C., H.S.)
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (K.R., C.C.H., B.D.M., A.V.F.)
- Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, MD (B.D.M.)
| | - Liang Guo
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Renu Virmani
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
| | - Aloke V Finn
- CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, MD (A.C., N.V.G., A.D., A.S., Y.S., R. Kawakami, M.M., K.K., R.F., S.K.B.G., R.B., B.A., R. Kutys, M.K., M.E.R., F.D.K., L.G., R.V., A.V.F.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (K.R., C.C.H., B.D.M., A.V.F.)
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25
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Benincasa G, Suades R, Padró T, Badimon L, Napoli C. Bioinformatic platforms for clinical stratification of natural history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2023; 9:758-769. [PMID: 37562936 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Although bioinformatic methods gained a lot of attention in the latest years, their use in real-world studies for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) is still lacking. Bioinformatic resources have been applied to thousands of individuals from the Framingham Heart Study as well as health care-associated biobanks such as the UK Biobank, the Million Veteran Program, and the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Consortium and randomized controlled trials (i.e. ODYSSEY, FOURIER, ASPREE, and PREDIMED). These studies contributed to the development of polygenic risk scores (PRS), which emerged as novel potent genetic-oriented tools, able to calculate the individual risk of ASCVD and to predict the individual response to therapies such as statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor. ASCVD are the first cause of death around the world including coronary heart disease (CHD), peripheral artery disease, and stroke. To achieve the goal of precision medicine and personalized therapy, advanced bioinformatic platforms are set to link clinically useful indices to heterogeneous molecular data, mainly epigenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. The DIANA study found that differential methylation of ABCA1, TCF7, PDGFA, and PRKCZ significantly discriminated patients with acute coronary syndrome from healthy subjects and their expression levels positively associated with CK-MB serum concentrations. The ARIC Study revealed several plasma proteins, acting or not in lipid metabolism, with a potential role in determining the different pleiotropic effects of statins in each subject. The implementation of molecular high-throughput studies and bioinformatic techniques into traditional cardiovascular risk prediction scores is emerging as a more accurate practice to stratify patients earlier in life and to favour timely and tailored risk reduction strategies. Of note, radiogenomics aims to combine imaging features extracted for instance by coronary computed tomography angiography and molecular biomarkers to create CHD diagnostic algorithms useful to characterize atherosclerotic lesions and myocardial abnormalities. The current view is that such platforms could be of clinical value for prevention, risk stratification, and treatment of ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute of Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Avinguda Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11 (Antic Convent), 08049 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Suades
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute of Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Avinguda Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11 (Antic Convent), 08049 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute of Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Avinguda Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11 (Antic Convent), 08049 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute of Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Avinguda Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, Pavelló 11 (Antic Convent), 08049 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy
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26
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Al-Ali AK, Al-Rubaish AM, Alali RA, Almansori MS, Al-Jumaan MA, Alshehri AM, Al-Madan MS, Vatte C, Cherlin T, Young S, Verma SS, Morahan G, Koeleman BPC, Keating BJ. Uncovering myocardial infarction genetic signatures using GWAS exploration in Saudi and European cohorts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21866. [PMID: 38072966 PMCID: PMC10711020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded significant insights into the genetic architecture of myocardial infarction (MI), although studies in non-European populations are still lacking. Saudi Arabian cohorts offer an opportunity to discover novel genetic variants impacting disease risk due to a high rate of consanguinity. Genome-wide genotyping (GWG), imputation and GWAS followed by meta-analysis were performed based on two independent Saudi Arabian studies comprising 3950 MI patients and 2324 non-MI controls. Meta-analyses were then performed with these two Saudi MI studies and the CardioGRAMplusC4D and UK BioBank GWAS as controls. Meta-analyses of the two Saudi MI studies resulted in 17 SNPs with genome-wide significance. Meta-analyses of all 4 studies revealed 66 loci with genome-wide significance levels of p < 5 × 10-8. All of these variants, except rs2764203, have previously been reported as MI-associated loci or to have high linkage disequilibrium with known loci. One SNP association in Shisa family member 5 (SHISA5) (rs11707229) was evident at a much higher frequency in the Saudi MI populations (> 12% MAF). In conclusion, our results replicated many MI associations, whereas in Saudi-only GWAS (meta-analyses), several new loci were implicated that require future validation and functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amein K Al-Ali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 3144, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M Al-Rubaish
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rudaynah A Alali
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Almansori
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Jumaan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Alshehri
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Madan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, King Fahd Hospital of the University, 34445, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - ChittiBabu Vatte
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, 3144, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tess Cherlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sylvia Young
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
| | - Shefali S Verma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
| | - Bobby P C Koeleman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 85500/3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Brendan J Keating
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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27
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Kurt Z, Cheng J, Barrere-Cain R, McQuillen CN, Saleem Z, Hsu N, Jiang N, Pan C, Franzén O, Koplev S, Wang S, Björkegren J, Lusis AJ, Blencowe M, Yang X. Shared and distinct pathways and networks genetically linked to coronary artery disease between human and mouse. eLife 2023; 12:RP88266. [PMID: 38060277 PMCID: PMC10703441 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse models have been used extensively to study human coronary artery disease (CAD) or atherosclerosis and to test therapeutic targets. However, whether mouse and human share similar genetic factors and pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis has not been thoroughly investigated in a data-driven manner. We conducted a cross-species comparison study to better understand atherosclerosis pathogenesis between species by leveraging multiomics data. Specifically, we compared genetically driven and thus CAD-causal gene networks and pathways, by using human GWAS of CAD from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium and mouse GWAS of atherosclerosis from the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP) followed by integration with functional multiomics human (STARNET and GTEx) and mouse (HMDP) databases. We found that mouse and human shared >75% of CAD causal pathways. Based on network topology, we then predicted key regulatory genes for both the shared pathways and species-specific pathways, which were further validated through the use of single cell data and the latest CAD GWAS. In sum, our results should serve as a much-needed guidance for which human CAD-causal pathways can or cannot be further evaluated for novel CAD therapies using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyneb Kurt
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- The Information School at the University of SheffieldSheffieldUnited Kingdom
| | - Jenny Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Rio Barrere-Cain
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Caden N McQuillen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Zara Saleem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Neil Hsu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Nuoya Jiang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Oscar Franzén
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Susanna Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Johan Björkegren
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Medicine, (Huddinge), Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Departments of Human Genetics & Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLALos AngelesUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLALos AngelesUnited States
| | - Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
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28
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Cheng J, Cheng M, Lusis AJ, Yang X. Gene Regulatory Networks in Coronary Artery Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:1013-1023. [PMID: 38008808 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Coronary artery disease is a complex disorder and the leading cause of mortality worldwide. As technologies for the generation of high-throughput multiomics data have advanced, gene regulatory network modeling has become an increasingly powerful tool in understanding coronary artery disease. This review summarizes recent and novel gene regulatory network tools for bulk tissue and single cell data, existing databases for network construction, and applications of gene regulatory networks in coronary artery disease. RECENT FINDINGS New gene regulatory network tools can integrate multiomics data to elucidate complex disease mechanisms at unprecedented cellular and spatial resolutions. At the same time, updates to coronary artery disease expression data in existing databases have enabled researchers to build gene regulatory networks to study novel disease mechanisms. Gene regulatory networks have proven extremely useful in understanding CAD heritability beyond what is explained by GWAS loci and in identifying mechanisms and key driver genes underlying disease onset and progression. Gene regulatory networks can holistically and comprehensively address the complex nature of coronary artery disease. In this review, we discuss key algorithmic approaches to construct gene regulatory networks and highlight state-of-the-art methods that model specific modes of gene regulation. We also explore recent applications of these tools in coronary artery disease patient data repositories to understand disease heritability and shared and distinct disease mechanisms and key driver genes across tissues, between sexes, and between species.
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Grants
- DK120342, HL148577, and HL147883 (AJL). NS111378, NS117148, HL147883 (XY) NIH HHS
- DK120342, HL148577, and HL147883 (AJL). NS111378, NS117148, HL147883 (XY) NIH HHS
- DK120342, HL148577, and HL147883 (AJL). NS111378, NS117148, HL147883 (XY) NIH HHS
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Michael Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Departments of Human Genetics & Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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29
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de Vries PS, Conomos MP, Singh K, Nicholson CJ, Jain D, Hasbani NR, Jiang W, Lee S, Cardenas CLL, Lutz SM, Wong D, Guo X, Yao J, Young EP, Tcheandjieu C, Hilliard AT, Bis JC, Bielak LF, Brown MR, Musharoff S, Clarke SL, Terry JG, Palmer ND, Yanek LR, Xu H, Heard-Costa N, Wessel J, Selvaraj MS, Li RH, Sun X, Turner AW, Stilp AM, Khan A, Newman AB, Rasheed A, Freedman BI, Kral BG, McHugh CP, Hodonsky C, Saleheen D, Herrington DM, Jacobs DR, Nickerson DA, Boerwinkle E, Wang FF, Heiss G, Jun G, Kinney GL, Sigurslid HH, Doddapaneni H, Hall IM, Bensenor IM, Broome J, Crapo JD, Wilson JG, Smith JA, Blangero J, Vargas JD, Mosquera JV, Smith JD, Viaud-Martinez KA, Ryan KA, Young KA, Taylor KD, Lange LA, Emery LS, Bittencourt MS, Budoff MJ, Montasser ME, Yu M, Mahaney MC, Mahamdeh MS, Fornage M, Franceschini N, Lotufo PA, Natarajan P, Wong Q, Mathias RA, Gibbs RA, Do R, Mehran R, Tracy RP, Kim RW, Nelson SC, Damrauer SM, Kardia SL, Rich SS, Fuster V, Napolioni V, Zhao W, Tian W, Yin X, Min YI, Manning AK, Peloso G, Kelly TN, O’Donnell CJ, Morrison AC, Curran JE, Zapol WM, Bowden DW, Becker LC, Correa A, Mitchell BD, Psaty BM, Carr JJ, Pereira AC, Assimes TL, Stitziel NO, Hokanson JE, Laurie CA, Rotter JI, Vasan RS, Post WS, Peyser PA, Miller CL, Malhotra R. Whole-genome sequencing uncovers two loci for coronary artery calcification and identifies ARSE as a regulator of vascular calcification. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:1159-1172. [PMID: 38817323 PMCID: PMC11138106 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a measure of atherosclerosis and a well-established predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) events. Here we describe a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of CAC in 22,400 participants from multiple ancestral groups. We confirmed associations with four known loci and identified two additional loci associated with CAC (ARSE and MMP16), with evidence of significant associations in replication analyses for both novel loci. Functional assays of ARSE and MMP16 in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) demonstrate that ARSE is a promoter of VSMC calcification and VSMC phenotype switching from a contractile to a calcifying or osteogenic phenotype. Furthermore, we show that the association of variants near ARSE with reduced CAC is likely explained by reduced ARSE expression with the G allele of enhancer variant rs5982944. Our study highlights ARSE as an important contributor to atherosclerotic vascular calcification, and a potential drug target for vascular calcific disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S. de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew P. Conomos
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher J. Nicholson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepti Jain
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Natalie R. Hasbani
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wanlin Jiang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sujin Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian L Lino Cardenas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sharon M. Lutz
- PRecisiOn Medicine Translational Research (PROMoTeR) Center, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Erica P. Young
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Catherine Tcheandjieu
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Austin T. Hilliard
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael R. Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shaila Musharoff
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shoa L. Clarke
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James G. Terry
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nicholette D. Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Huichun Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nancy Heard-Costa
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Wessel
- Department of Epidemiology, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Diabetes Translational Research Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Margaret Sunitha Selvaraj
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca H. Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adam W. Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Adrienne M. Stilp
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alyna Khan
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anne B. Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Center For Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Brian G. Kral
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caitlin P. McHugh
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chani Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Center For Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David M. Herrington
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - David R. Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Deborah A. Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Northwest Genomics Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fei Fei Wang
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Goo Jun
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Greg L. Kinney
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Haakon H. Sigurslid
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ira M. Hall
- Yale Center for Genomic Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Isabela M. Bensenor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jai Broome
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James D. Crapo
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - James G. Wilson
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Jose D. Vargas
- Medstar Heart and Vascular Institute, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joshua D. Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Northwest Genomics Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kathleen A. Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kendra A. Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Leslie S. Emery
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcio S. Bittencourt
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matthew J. Budoff
- Department of Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - May E. Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Miao Yu
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael C. Mahaney
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Mohammed S Mahamdeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paulo A. Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quenna Wong
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ron Do
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roxana Mehran
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Sarah C. Nelson
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott M. Damrauer
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharon L.R. Kardia
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Mount Sinai Heart Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valerio Napolioni
- Genomic And Molecular Epidemiology (GAME) Lab, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wenjie Tian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xianyong Yin
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuan-I Min
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Alisa K. Manning
- Clinical and Translation Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gina Peloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tanika N. Kelly
- College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher J. O’Donnell
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Warren M. Zapol
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald W. Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lewis C. Becker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Population Health Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Themistocles L. Assimes
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nathan O. Stitziel
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John E. Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cecelia A. Laurie
- Genetic Analysis Center, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Boston University and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy S. Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Clint L. Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kheirkhah A, Schachtl-Riess JF, Lamina C, Di Maio S, Koller A, Schönherr S, Coassin S, Forer L, Sekula P, Gieger C, Peters A, Köttgen A, Eckardt KU, Kronenberg F. Meta-GWAS on PCSK9 concentrations reveals associations of novel loci outside the PCSK9 locus in White populations. Atherosclerosis 2023; 386:117384. [PMID: 37989062 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a key regulator of lipid homeostasis. A few earlier genome-wide association studies (GWAS) investigated genetic variants associated with circulating PCSK9 concentrations. However, uncertainty remains about some of the genetic loci discovered beyond the PCSK9 locus. By conducting the largest PCSK9 meta-analysis of GWAS (meta-GWAS) so far, we aimed to identify novel loci and validate the previously reported loci that regulate PCSK9 concentrations. METHODS We performed GWAS for PCSK9 concentrations in two large cohorts (GCKD (n = 4,963) and KORA F3 (n = 2,895)). These were meta-analyzed with previously published data encompassing together 20,579 individuals. We further conducted a second meta-analysis in statin-naïve individuals (n = 15,390). A genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed on PCSK9-increasing SNPs and assessed its impact on the risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) in 394,943 statin-naïve participants (17,077 with events) of the UK Biobank by performing CAD-free survival analysis. RESULTS Nine loci were genome-wide significantly associated with PCSK9 concentrations. These included the previously described PCSK9, APOB, KCNA1/KCNA5, and TM6SF2/SUGP1 loci. All imputed SNPs in the PCSK9 locus account for ∼15% of variance of PCSK9 concentrations. We further identified FADS2 as a novel locus that was also found in statin-naïve participants. All imputed SNPs within the FADS2 locus explain ∼1.2% of variance of PCSK9 concentrations. Additionally, four further loci (a region on chromosome 5, SDK1, SPATA16 and HPR) were genome-wide significant in either the main model or the statin-naïve subset. The linear increase in a PCSK9 genetic risk score was associated with 1.41-fold (95%CI 1.16-1.72, p < 0.001) higher risk for incident CAD. CONCLUSIONS We identified five novel loci (FADS2, SPATA16, SDK1, HPR and a region on chromosome 5) for PCSK9 concentrations that would require further research. Additionally, we confirm the genome-wide significant loci that were previously detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Kheirkhah
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Silvia Di Maio
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Adriana Koller
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Coassin
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; German Chronic Kidney Disease Study, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Verdier H, Thomas P, Batista J, Kempster C, McKinney H, Gleadall N, Danesh J, Mumford A, Heemskerk JWM, Ouwehand WH, Downes K, Astle WJ, Turro E. A signature of platelet reactivity in CBC scattergrams reveals genetic predictors of thrombotic disease risk. Blood 2023; 142:1895-1908. [PMID: 37647652 PMCID: PMC10733829 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies of platelet reactivity (PR) phenotypes may identify novel antiplatelet drug targets. However, such studies have been limited by small sample sizes (n < 5000) because of the complexity of measuring PR. We trained a model to predict PR from complete blood count (CBC) scattergrams. A genome-wide association study of this phenotype in 29 806 blood donors identified 21 distinct associations implicating 20 genes, of which 6 have been identified previously. The effect size estimates were significantly correlated with estimates from a study of flow cytometry-measured PR and a study of a phenotype of in vitro thrombus formation. A genetic score of PR built from the 21 variants was associated with the incidence rates of myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism. Mendelian randomization analyses showed that PR was causally associated with the risks of coronary artery disease, stroke, and venous thromboembolism. Our approach provides a blueprint for using phenotype imputation to study the determinants of hard-to-measure but biologically important hematological traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hippolyte Verdier
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3751, Decision and Bayesian Computation, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Thomas
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joana Batista
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carly Kempster
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet McKinney
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Gleadall
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Mumford
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- South West National Health Service Genomic Medicine Service Alliance, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Willem H. Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Downes
- Cambridge Genomics Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William J. Astle
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ernest Turro
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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32
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Silva S, Nitsch D, Fatumo S. Genome-wide association studies on coronary artery disease: A systematic review and implications for populations of different ancestries. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294341. [PMID: 38019802 PMCID: PMC10686512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are some of the leading causes of death worldwide, with coronary artery disease leading as one of the primary causes of mortality in both the developing and developed worlds. Despite its prevalence, there is a disproportionately small number of studies conducted in populations of non-European ancestry, with the limited sample sizes of such studies further restricting the power and generalizability of respective findings. This research aimed at understanding the differences in the genetic architecture of coronary artery disease (CAD) in populations of diverse ancestries in order to contribute towards the understanding of the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. METHODS We performed a systematic review on the 6th of October, 2022 summarizing genome-wide association studies on coronary artery disease, while employing the GWAS Catalog as an independent database to support the search. We developed a framework to assess the methodological quality of each study. We extracted and grouped associated single nucleotide polymorphisms and genes according to ancestry groups of participants. RESULTS We identified 3100 studies, of which, 36 relevant studies were included in this research. Three of the studies that were included were not listed in the GWAS Catalog, highlighting the value of conducting an independent search alongside established databases in order to ensure the full research landscape has been captured. 743,919 CAD case participants from 25 different countries were analysed, with 61% of the studies identified in this research conducted in populations of European ancestry. No studies investigated populations of Africans living in continental Africa or admixed American ancestry groups besides African-Americans, while limited sample sizes were included of population groups besides Europeans and East Asians. This observed disproportionate population representation highlights the gaps in the literature, which limits our ability to understand coronary artery disease as a global disease. 71 genetic loci were identified to be associated with coronary artery disease in more than one article, with ancestry-specific genetic loci identified in each respective population group which were not detected in studies of other ancestries. CONCLUSIONS Although the replication and validation of these variants are still warranted, these finding are indicative of the value of including diverse ancestry populations in GWAS reference panels, as a more comprehensive understanding of the genetic architecture and pathophysiology of CAD can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Silva
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Dorothea Nitsch
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Segun Fatumo
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- The African Computational Genomics (TACG) Research Group, MRC/UVRI, and LSHTM, Entebbe, Uganda
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Yu C, Bakshi A, Watts GF, Renton AE, Fulton‐Howard B, Goate AM, Natarajan P, Chasman DI, Robman L, Woods RL, Guymer R, Wolfe R, Thao LTP, McNeil JJ, Tonkin AM, Nicholls SJ, Lacaze P. Genome-Wide Association Study of Cardiovascular Resilience Identifies Protective Variation in the CETP Gene. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e031459. [PMID: 37929782 PMCID: PMC10727421 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Background The risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) increases sharply with age. Some older individuals, however, remain unaffected despite high predicted risk. These individuals may carry cardioprotective genetic variants that contribute to resilience. Our aim was to assess whether asymptomatic older individuals without prevalent ASCVD carry cardioprotective genetic variants that contribute to ASCVD resilience. Methods and Results We performed a genome-wide association study using a 10-year predicted ASCVD risk score as a quantitative trait, calculated only in asymptomatic older individuals aged ≥70 years without prevalent ASCVD. Our discovery genome-wide association study of N=12 031 ASCVD event-free individuals from the ASPREE (Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) trial identified 2 independent variants, rs9939224 (P<5×10-8) and rs56156922 (P<10-6), in the CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) gene. The CETP gene is a regulator of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lipoprotein(a) levels, and it is a therapeutic drug target. The associations were replicated in the UK Biobank (subpopulation of N=13 888 individuals aged ≥69 years without prevalent ASCVD). Carriers of the identified CETP variants (versus noncarriers) had higher plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, lower plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and reduced risk of incident ASCVD events during follow-up. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis predicted the identified CETP variants reduce CETP gene expression across various tissues. Previously reported associations between genetic CETP inhibition and increased risk of age-related macular degeneration were not observed among the 3917 ASPREE trial participants with retinal imaging and genetic data available. Conclusions Common genetic variants in the CETP gene region are associated with cardiovascular resilience during aging. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01038583.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Yu
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Andrew Bakshi
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Gerald F. Watts
- School of MedicineUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
- Lipid Disorders Clinic, Cardiometabolic Service, Department of CardiologyRoyal Perth HospitalPerthWAAustralia
| | - Alan E. Renton
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
| | - Brian Fulton‐Howard
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
| | - Alison M. Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Center for Genomic MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA
- Program in Population and Medical Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease InitiativeBroad Institute of Harvard and MITCambridgeMA
- Department of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Preventive Medicine Division, Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
| | - Liubov Robman
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Centre for Eye Research AustraliaThe University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Robyn L. Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Robyn Guymer
- Centre for Eye Research AustraliaThe University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Le Thi Phuong Thao
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - John J. McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Andrew M. Tonkin
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Stephen J. Nicholls
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Victorian Heart InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Paul Lacaze
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia
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Sousa Paiva M, Aguiar C. Coronary artery disease and genetics: Steps toward a tailored approach. Rev Port Cardiol 2023; 42:915-916. [PMID: 37451540 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sousa Paiva
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE, Carnaxide, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Aguiar
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental EPE, Carnaxide, Portugal
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Yajima H, Miyawaki S, Sayama S, Kumasawa K, Ikemura M, Imai H, Hongo H, Hirano Y, Ishigami D, Torazawa S, Kiyofuji S, Koizumi S, Saito N. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in moyamoya disease: A single institution experience. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:107377. [PMID: 37742384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The characteristics of pregnancy and delivery in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) remain unclear. We retrospectively investigated perinatal outcomes in patients with MMD to evaluate the risks associated to this condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data of women with MMD who delivered at the University of Tokyo Hospital between 2000 and 2021 were collected. Maternal characteristics including genetic data, obstetric complications, method of delivery and anesthesia, neonatal outcomes, neurological events during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum course, were reviewed. RESULTS Thirteen pregnancies with MMD were identified. The median maternal age was 30 years. The initial clinical symptoms were identified as transient ischemic attack, infarction, and headache. Eight patients had a history of bypass surgery. The median gestational age at delivery was 37 weeks. DNA samples were collected from five patients, responsible for six pregnancies. Of these six cases, five had the RNF213 c.14429G > A (p.Arg4810Lys) heterozygous variant. Of the 13 pregnancies, seven had hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP). Additionally, three of five pregnancy cases with RNF213 p.Arg4810Lys heterozygous variant presented with HDP. Nine patients underwent cesarean section, and four delivered vaginally with epidural anesthesia. One case of ischemic stroke was confirmed during the postpartum period. Regarding newborns, neither Apgar scores lower than 7 nor neonatal intensive care unit admissions were reported. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the frequency of HDP is higher in patients with MMD compared to those with normal pregnancies. Strict blood pressure control should be performed in patients with MMD during pregnancy and postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohisa Yajima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyawaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Seisuke Sayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kumasawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Ikemura
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Imai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hongo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yudai Hirano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Ishigami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Seiei Torazawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kiyofuji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koizumi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Rødevand L, Rahman Z, Hindley GFL, Smeland OB, Frei O, Tekin TF, Kutrolli G, Bahrami S, Hoseth EZ, Shadrin A, Lin A, Djurovic S, Dale AM, Steen NE, Andreassen OA. Characterizing the Shared Genetic Underpinnings of Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:815-826. [PMID: 37752828 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20220660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Schizophrenia is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), although there is variation in risk among individuals. There are indications of shared genetic etiology between schizophrenia and CVD, but the nature of the overlap remains unclear. The aim of this study was to fill this gap in knowledge. METHODS Overlapping genetic architectures between schizophrenia and CVD risk factors were assessed by analyzing recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) results. The bivariate causal mixture model (MiXeR) was applied to estimate the number of shared variants and the conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR) approach was used to pinpoint specific shared loci. RESULTS Extensive genetic overlap was found between schizophrenia and CVD risk factors, particularly smoking initiation (N=8.6K variants) and body mass index (BMI) (N=8.1K variants). Several specific shared loci were detected between schizophrenia and BMI (N=304), waist-to-hip ratio (N=193), smoking initiation (N=293), systolic (N=294) and diastolic (N=259) blood pressure, type 2 diabetes (N=147), lipids (N=471), and coronary artery disease (N=35). The schizophrenia risk loci shared with smoking initiation had mainly concordant effect directions, and the risk loci shared with BMI had mainly opposite effect directions. The overlapping loci with lipids, blood pressure, waist-to-hip ratio, type 2 diabetes, and coronary artery disease had mixed effect directions. Functional analyses implicated mapped genes that are expressed in brain tissue and immune cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate a genetic propensity to smoking and a reduced genetic risk of obesity among individuals with schizophrenia. The bidirectional effects of the shared loci with the other CVD risk factors may imply differences in genetic liability to CVD across schizophrenia subgroups, possibly underlying the variation in CVD comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Rødevand
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Zillur Rahman
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Guy F L Hindley
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Olav B Smeland
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Tahir Filiz Tekin
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Gleda Kutrolli
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Shahram Bahrami
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Eva Z Hoseth
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Alexey Shadrin
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Aihua Lin
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Anders M Dale
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo (Rødevand, Rahman, Hindley, Smeland, Frei, Tekin, Kutrolli, Bahrami, Hoseth, Shadrin, Lin, Steen, Andreassen); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London (Hindley); Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo (Frei); Division of Mental Health, Helse Møre Romsdal HF, Kristiansund, Norway (Hoseth); Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, and NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (Djurovic); Multimodal Imaging Laboratory and Departments of Radiology, Psychiatry, and Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Dale)
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Ogawa S, Miyawaki S, Imai H, Hongo H, Umekawa M, Kiyofuji S, Ishigami D, Sakai Y, Torazawa S, Hirano Y, Koizumi S, Saito N. Cerebrovascular Events During Treatment for Systemic Malignant Tumors in Patients with Moyamoya Disease. World Neurosurg 2023; 179:e314-e320. [PMID: 37634665 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the increasing incidence of malignancies, the importance of cancer-associated stroke is emphasized. Although moyamoya disease is a leading cause of stroke, no reports have documented cancer-associated stroke in patients with this condition. We aimed to investigate cerebrovascular events during malignancy treatments in patients with moyamoya disease. METHODS A total of 405 patients with moyamoya disease who visited our hospital between January 2000 and March 2022 were retrospectively examined. We evaluated the management of moyamoya disease, presence of the ring finger protein 213 p.Arg4810Lys variant, treatments for malignant tumors, presence of cerebrovascular events during treatment, and follow-up periods and outcomes. RESULTS Among the 405 patients, 17 patients with moyamoya disease (4.2%) were diagnosed with malignancies. Among patients aged 60 years and over, 7 out of 67 (10.4%) had malignancies. Of the 17 patients, 11 (64.7%) were symptomatic, and 7 (41.2%) had revascularization surgery. 9 patients were treated with oral antiplatelet drugs. There was no significant difference between the groups with and without malignancy regarding the presence of the ring finger protein 213 p.Arg4810Lys variant (80.0% vs. 62.7%, P = 0.33). All patients underwent surgical treatment, and 7 (41.2%) received chemotherapy. One death due to tumor progression was reported. No cerebrovascular event was observed during malignancy treatments and follow-up periods, which had a mean duration of 6 years. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, malignancy treatments in patients with moyamoya disease were safely conducted without cerebrovascular events. However, it is advisable to avoid hypotension, dehydration, hyperventilation, and long-term discontinuation of antiplatelet drugs during the treatment of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Ogawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyawaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Imai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hongo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Umekawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kiyofuji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Ishigami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Sakai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiei Torazawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yudai Hirano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Koizumi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang S, Sun D, Sun Z, Yu C, Guo Y, Si J, Sun D, Pang Y, Pei P, Yang L, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Chen Y, Du H, Pang Z, Schmidt D, Stevens R, Clarke R, Chen J, Chen Z, Lv J, Li L. Minimal improvement in coronary artery disease risk prediction in Chinese population using polygenic risk scores: evidence from the China Kadoorie Biobank. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2476-2483. [PMID: 37200020 PMCID: PMC10586831 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported that polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can enhance risk prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD) in European populations. However, research on this topic is far from sufficient in non-European countries, including China. We aimed to evaluate the potential of PRS for predicting CAD for primary prevention in the Chinese population. METHODS Participants with genome-wide genotypic data from the China Kadoorie Biobank were divided into training ( n = 28,490) and testing sets ( n = 72,150). Ten previously developed PRSs were evaluated, and new ones were developed using clumping and thresholding or LDpred method. The PRS showing the strongest association with CAD in the training set was selected to further evaluate its effects on improving the traditional CAD risk-prediction model in the testing set. Genetic risk was computed by summing the product of the weights and allele dosages across genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Prediction of the 10-year first CAD events was assessed using hazard ratios (HRs) and measures of model discrimination, calibration, and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Hard CAD (nonfatal I21-I23 and fatal I20-I25) and soft CAD (all fatal or nonfatal I20-I25) were analyzed separately. RESULTS In the testing set, 1214 hard and 7201 soft CAD cases were documented during a mean follow-up of 11.2 years. The HR per standard deviation of the optimal PRS was 1.26 (95% CI:1.19-1.33) for hard CAD. Based on a traditional CAD risk prediction model containing only non-laboratory-based information, the addition of PRS for hard CAD increased Harrell's C index by 0.001 (-0.001 to 0.003) in women and 0.003 (0.001 to 0.005) in men. Among the different high-risk thresholds ranging from 1% to 10%, the highest categorical NRI was 3.2% (95% CI: 0.4-6.0%) at a high-risk threshold of 10.0% in women. The association of the PRS with soft CAD was much weaker than with hard CAD, leading to minimal or no improvement in the soft CAD model. CONCLUSIONS In this Chinese population sample, the current PRSs minimally changed risk discrimination and offered little improvement in risk stratification for soft CAD. Therefore, this may not be suitable for promoting genetic screening in the general Chinese population to improve CAD risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songchun Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhijia Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiahui Si
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuanjie Pang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Iona Y. Millwood
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Robin G. Walters
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yiping Chen
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Huaidong Du
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Zengchang Pang
- Qingdao Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, China
| | - Dan Schmidt
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Rebecca Stevens
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100738, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
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Hartmann S, Yasmeen S, Jacobs BM, Denaxas S, Pirmohamed M, Gamazon ER, Caulfield MJ, Hemingway H, Pietzner M, Langenberg C. ADRA2A and IRX1 are putative risk genes for Raynaud's phenomenon. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6156. [PMID: 37828025 PMCID: PMC10570309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41876-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a common vasospastic disorder that causes severe pain and ulcers, but despite its high reported heritability, no causal genes have been robustly identified. We conducted a genome-wide association study including 5,147 RP cases and 439,294 controls, based on diagnoses from electronic health records, and identified three unreported genomic regions associated with the risk of RP (p < 5 × 10-8). We prioritized ADRA2A (rs7090046, odds ratio (OR) per allele: 1.26; 95%-CI: 1.20-1.31; p < 9.6 × 10-27) and IRX1 (rs12653958, OR: 1.17; 95%-CI: 1.12-1.22, p < 4.8 × 10-13) as candidate causal genes through integration of gene expression in disease relevant tissues. We further identified a likely causal detrimental effect of low fasting glucose levels on RP risk (rG = -0.21; p-value = 2.3 × 10-3), and systematically highlighted drug repurposing opportunities, like the antidepressant mirtazapine. Our results provide the first robust evidence for a strong genetic contribution to RP and highlight a so far underrated role of α2A-adrenoreceptor signalling, encoded at ADRA2A, as a possible mechanism for hypersensitivity to catecholamine-induced vasospasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Hartmann
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Summaira Yasmeen
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin M Jacobs
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Spiros Denaxas
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Genetic Medicine and Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Harry Hemingway
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Hu S, Lin Z, Hu MJ, Tan JS, Guo TT, Huang X, Hua L. Causal relationships of circulating amino acids with cardiovascular disease: a trans-ancestry Mendelian randomization analysis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:699. [PMID: 37805555 PMCID: PMC10559604 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies demonstrated that multiple amino acids (AAs) were associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but whether these associations were causal remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal relationships between circulating levels of 20 AAs and 10 CVDs in European and East Asian populations by Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS This MR study utilized single-nucleotide polymorphisms that were significantly associated with AAs as instrumental variables. Summary-level data for AAs and CVDs were obtained from public genome-wide association studies. The causal effects were primarily estimated by inverse variance weighting with multiplicative random effect method. Sensitivity analyses, including weighted median, weighted mode, and MR Egger regression, were used to test the robustness of our results. RESULTS In the European population, alanine and serine were inversely associated with angina pectoris (AP) and chronic heart failure, respectively. With each unit increase of leucine, the risk of ischemic stroke increased by 10%. Moreover, tyrosine was positively associated with AP and deep vein thrombosis. In the East Asian population, each unit increase in glycine was associated with 4.1% and 9.0% decreased risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI), respectively. A unit increase in serine was associated with 13.1%, 12.6% and 15.5% decreased risks of AP, CAD and MI, respectively. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of our results. CONCLUSIONS This MR study demonstrated significant causal effects of circulating levels of AAs on CVDs, indicating the potential use of AAs as biomarkers or as therapeutic targets for CVD in clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zhennan Lin
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Meng-Jin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jiang-Shan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Ting-Ting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lu Hua
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center for Respiratory and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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Xia X, Liu F, Huang K, Chen S, Li J, Cao J, Yang X, Liu X, Shen C, Yu L, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Li Y, Hu D, Huang J, Lu X, Gu D. Egg consumption and risk of coronary artery disease, potential amplification by high genetic susceptibility: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:773-781. [PMID: 37793743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remarkable heterogeneity has been observed among population-based studies on egg consumption and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether genetic susceptibility serves as a potential explanation for this inconsistency remains unknown. OBJECTIVES We performed a prospective cohort study to investigate the association of egg consumption with incident CAD at different genetic susceptibilities. METHODS We included 34,111 participants without CAD at baseline from the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China. Egg consumption was assessed with food frequency questionnaires. Genetic susceptibility was quantified by a predefined polygenic risk score (PRS) with 540 genetic variants. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of incident CAD associated with egg consumption and PRS were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Over a median 11.7 y of follow-up, 1,128 incident cases of CAD were recorded. Both higher egg consumption and increased PRS were related to higher risk of CAD. When stratified by genetic risk, each increment of 3 eggs/wk was associated with a 5% higher risk of CAD for participants at low to intermediate genetic risk (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), whereas risk increased to HR 1.10 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.16) for those at high genetic risk; a significant synergistic interaction was also indicated at both multiplicative (Pinteraction = 0.007) and additive (relative excess risk: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.24, 1.22) scales. When the joint effect was examined, in comparison with those at low to intermediate genetic risk and consuming <1 egg/wk, the HR (95% CI) was 2.95 (2.41, 3.62) for participants with high genetic risk and consumption of ≥10 eggs/wk, and the corresponding standardized 10-y CAD rates increased from 1.37% to 4.24%. CONCLUSIONS Genetic predisposition may synergistically interact with egg consumption in relation to increased CAD risk. PRS-stratified recommendations on egg consumption may help formulate personalized nutrition policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xia
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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Ribeiro IP. Genetics in coronary artery disease. Rev Port Cardiol 2023; 42:845-846. [PMID: 37263498 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilda Patrícia Ribeiro
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
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Zhang H, Zhan J, Jin J, Zhang J, Lu W, Zhao R, Ahearn TU, Yu Z, O'Connell J, Jiang Y, Chen T, Okuhara D, Garcia-Closas M, Lin X, Koelsch BL, Chatterjee N. A new method for multiancestry polygenic prediction improves performance across diverse populations. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1757-1768. [PMID: 37749244 PMCID: PMC10923245 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) increasingly predict complex traits; however, suboptimal performance in non-European populations raise concerns about clinical applications and health inequities. We developed CT-SLEB, a powerful and scalable method to calculate PRSs, using ancestry-specific genome-wide association study summary statistics from multiancestry training samples, integrating clumping and thresholding, empirical Bayes and superlearning. We evaluated CT-SLEB and nine alternative methods with large-scale simulated genome-wide association studies (~19 million common variants) and datasets from 23andMe, Inc., the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium, All of Us and UK Biobank, involving 5.1 million individuals of diverse ancestry, with 1.18 million individuals from four non-European populations across 13 complex traits. Results demonstrated that CT-SLEB significantly improves PRS performance in non-European populations compared with simple alternatives, with comparable or superior performance to a recent, computationally intensive method. Moreover, our simulation studies offered insights into sample size requirements and SNP density effects on multiancestry risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Jin Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jingning Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wenxuan Lu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruzhang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas U Ahearn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhi Yu
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Tony Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Kononov SI, Azarova YE, Klyosova EY, Bykanova MA, Solodilova MA, Polonikov AV. The Protective Effect of Polymorphisms rs2681472 and rs17249754 of the ATP2B1 Gene Against Coronary Artery Disease and Hypertension is Abolished by Tobacco Smoking. KARDIOLOGIIA 2023; 63:45-50. [PMID: 37815139 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2023.9.n2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Aim To study the relationship of single nucleotide polymorphisms rs2681472 and rs17249754 in the ATP2B1 gene with risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and arterial hypertension (AH) among residents of Central Russia and to evaluate the trigger role of smoking as a risk factor for development of IHD and AH in carriers of ATP2B1 gene polymorphic variants.Material and methods The study included DNA samples from 1960 residents of Central Russia of Slavic origin. Among them, there were 1261 patients with cardiovascular diseases and 699 healthy persons. The vast majority of patients had both IHD and AH. Genotyping was performed using the iPLEX technique on a MassARRAY-4 genomic mass-spectrometer. The relationship of ATP2B1 alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes with the risk of diseases was calculated by logistic regression analysis with adjustments for sex and age.Results Carriage of AG and GG (rs2681472) genotypes and GA (rs17249754) genotype was associated with a reduced risk of both IHD (p=0.0057 and p=0.022 for rs2681472 and rs17249754, respectively) and AH (p=0.016 and p=0.036, respectively). Rare rs2681472G-rs17249754G and rs2681472A-rs17249754A haplotypes were associated with a reduced risk of IHD (odds ratio, OR, 0.22; 95 % CI: 0.11-0.46, p=0.0001) and AH (OR, 0.22; 95 % CI: 0.10-0.47, p=0.0001). Analysis of the groups stratified by the smoking status showed that in smokers, the studied polymorphic variants did not have a protective action with respect of either IHD or AH. However, in non-smokers, the genotypes AG and GG rs2681472 (OR, 0.62; 95 % CI: 0.47-0.80, p=0.0004) and GA rs17249754 (OR, 0.61; 95 % CI: 0.47-0.81, p=0.0004) were associated with a reduced risk of IHD and AH (OR, 0.63; 95 % CI: 0.48-0.83, p=0.0004 for rs2681472; OR, 0.63; 95 % CI: 0.48-0.83, p=0.001 for rs17249754), as well as the carriage of the minor alleles rs2681472‑G and rs17249754‑A.Conclusion It was shown for the first time that the polymorphic variants rs17249754 and rs2681472 of the ATP2B1 gene are associated with a reduced risk for IHD and AH only in non-smokers.
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45
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Austin-Zimmerman I, Levey DF, Giannakopoulou O, Deak JD, Galimberti M, Adhikari K, Zhou H, Denaxas S, Irizar H, Kuchenbaecker K, McQuillin A, Concato J, Buysse DJ, Gaziano JM, Gottlieb DJ, Polimanti R, Stein MB, Bramon E, Gelernter J. Genome-wide association studies and cross-population meta-analyses investigating short and long sleep duration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6059. [PMID: 37770476 PMCID: PMC10539313 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep duration has been linked to a wide range of negative health outcomes and to reduced life expectancy. We present genome-wide association studies of short ( ≤ 5 h) and long ( ≥ 10 h) sleep duration in adults of European (N = 445,966), African (N = 27,785), East Asian (N = 3141), and admixed-American (N = 16,250) ancestry from UK Biobank and the Million Veteran Programme. In a cross-population meta-analysis, we identify 84 independent loci for short sleep and 1 for long sleep. We estimate SNP-based heritability for both sleep traits in each ancestry based on population derived linkage disequilibrium (LD) scores using cov-LDSC. We identify positive genetic correlation between short and long sleep traits (rg = 0.16 ± 0.04; p = 0.0002), as well as similar patterns of genetic correlation with other psychiatric and cardiometabolic phenotypes. Mendelian randomisation reveals a directional causal relationship between short sleep and depression, and a bidirectional causal relationship between long sleep and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Austin-Zimmerman
- Department of Mental Health Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7BN, UK
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Olga Giannakopoulou
- Department of Mental Health Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7BN, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joseph D Deak
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marco Galimberti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Keyrun Adhikari
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Spiros Denaxas
- Health Data Research UK, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, NW1 2DA, UK
| | - Haritz Irizar
- Department of Mental Health Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7BN, UK
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karoline Kuchenbaecker
- Department of Mental Health Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7BN, UK
- UCL Genetics Institute, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andrew McQuillin
- Department of Mental Health Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7BN, UK
| | - John Concato
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Office of Medical Policy, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel J Gottlieb
- VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway (111PI), West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Department of Mental Health Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, W1T 7BN, UK
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
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Cheng X, Du F, Long X, Huang J. Genetic Inheritance Models of Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Palate: From Monogenic to Polygenic. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1859. [PMID: 37895208 PMCID: PMC10606748 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a prevalent birth defect that affects 1/500-1/1400 live births globally. The genetic basis of NSCL/P is intricate and involves both genetic and environmental factors. In the past few years, various genetic inheritance models have been proposed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of NSCL/P. These models range from simple monogenic inheritance to more complex polygenic inheritance. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the genetic inheritance model of NSCL/P exemplified by representative genes and regions from both monogenic and polygenic perspectives. We also summarize existing association studies and corresponding loci of NSCL/P within the Chinese population and highlight the potential of utilizing polygenic risk scores for risk stratification of NSCL/P. The potential application of polygenic models offers promising avenues for improved risk assessment and personalized approaches in the prevention and management of NSCL/P individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Fengzhou Du
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiao Long
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiuzuo Huang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (X.C.); (F.D.); (X.L.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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Kurt Z, Cheng J, McQuillen CN, Saleem Z, Hsu N, Jiang N, Barrere-Cain R, Pan C, Franzen O, Koplev S, Wang S, Bjorkegren J, Lusis AJ, Blencowe M, Yang X. Shared and distinct pathways and networks genetically linked to coronary artery disease between human and mouse. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.08.544148. [PMID: 37333408 PMCID: PMC10274918 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.544148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models have been used extensively to study human coronary artery disease (CAD) or atherosclerosis and to test therapeutic targets. However, whether mouse and human share similar genetic factors and pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis has not been thoroughly investigated in a data-driven manner. We conducted a cross-species comparison study to better understand atherosclerosis pathogenesis between species by leveraging multiomics data. Specifically, we compared genetically driven and thus CAD-causal gene networks and pathways, by using human GWAS of CAD from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium and mouse GWAS of atherosclerosis from the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP) followed by integration with functional multiomics human (STARNET and GTEx) and mouse (HMDP) databases. We found that mouse and human shared >75% of CAD causal pathways. Based on network topology, we then predicted key regulatory genes for both the shared pathways and species-specific pathways, which were further validated through the use of single cell data and the latest CAD GWAS. In sum, our results should serve as a much-needed guidance for which human CAD-causal pathways can or cannot be further evaluated for novel CAD therapies using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyneb Kurt
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Northumbria, Ellison Pl, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Jenny Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Caden N. McQuillen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zara Saleem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Neil Hsu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nuoya Jiang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rio Barrere-Cain
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA
| | - Oscar Franzen
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6574, US
| | - Simon Koplev
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6574, US
| | - Susanna Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Johan Bjorkegren
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029-6574, US
- Department of Medicine, (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, 141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA
- Departments of Human Genetics & Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, CA 90095, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, CA 90095
| | - Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program of Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Monero-Paredes M, Feliu-Maldonado R, Carrasquillo-Carrion K, Gonzalez P, Rogozin IB, Roche-Lima A, Duconge J. Non-Random Enrichment of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Clopidogrel Resistance within Risk Loci Linked to the Severity of Underlying Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of Admixture. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1813. [PMID: 37761953 PMCID: PMC10531115 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death in Puerto Rico, where clopidogrel is commonly prescribed to prevent ischemic events. Genetic contributors to both a poor clopidogrel response and the severity of CVD have been identified mainly in Europeans. However, the non-random enrichment of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with clopidogrel resistance within risk loci linked to underlying CVDs, and the role of admixture, have yet to be tested. This study aimed to assess the possible interaction between genetic biomarkers linked to CVDs and those associated with clopidogrel resistance among admixed Caribbean Hispanics. We identified 50 SNPs significantly associated with CVDs in previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs). These SNPs were combined with another ten SNPs related to clopidogrel resistance in Caribbean Hispanics. We developed Python scripts to determine whether SNPs related to CVDs are in close proximity to those associated with the clopidogrel response. The average and individual local ancestry (LAI) within each locus were inferred, and 60 random SNPs with their corresponding LAIs were generated for enrichment estimation purposes. Our results showed no CVD-linked SNPs in close proximity to those associated with the clopidogrel response among Caribbean Hispanics. Consequently, no genetic loci with a dual predictive role for the risk of CVD severity and clopidogrel resistance were found in this population. Native American ancestry was the most enriched within the risk loci linked to CVDs in this population. The non-random enrichment of disease susceptibility loci with drug-response SNPs is a new frontier in Precision Medicine that needs further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangeli Monero-Paredes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; (M.M.-P.); (P.G.)
| | - Roberto Feliu-Maldonado
- Research Centers in Minority Institutions Program, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, Academic Affairs Deanship, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; (R.F.-M.); (K.C.-C.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Kelvin Carrasquillo-Carrion
- Research Centers in Minority Institutions Program, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, Academic Affairs Deanship, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; (R.F.-M.); (K.C.-C.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Pablo Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; (M.M.-P.); (P.G.)
| | - Igor B. Rogozin
- Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville Pike MSC 3830, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA;
| | - Abiel Roche-Lima
- Research Centers in Minority Institutions Program, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, Academic Affairs Deanship, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; (R.F.-M.); (K.C.-C.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Jorge Duconge
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
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Park DK, Chen M, Kim S, Joo YY, Loving RK, Kim HS, Cha J, Yoo S, Kim JH. Overestimated prediction using polygenic prediction derived from summary statistics. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:52. [PMID: 37710206 PMCID: PMC10500750 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When polygenic risk score (PRS) is derived from summary statistics, independence between discovery and test sets cannot be monitored. We compared two types of PRS studies derived from raw genetic data (denoted as rPRS) and the summary statistics for IGAP (sPRS). RESULTS Two variables with the high heritability in UK Biobank, hypertension, and height, are used to derive an exemplary scale effect of PRS. sPRS without APOE is derived from International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP), which records ΔAUC and ΔR2 of 0.051 ± 0.013 and 0.063 ± 0.015 for Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP) and 0.060 and 0.086 for Accelerating Medicine Partnership - Alzheimer's Disease (AMP-AD). On UK Biobank, rPRS performances for hypertension assuming a similar size of discovery and test sets are 0.0036 ± 0.0027 (ΔAUC) and 0.0032 ± 0.0028 (ΔR2). For height, ΔR2 is 0.029 ± 0.0037. CONCLUSION Considering the high heritability of hypertension and height of UK Biobank and sample size of UK Biobank, sPRS results from AD databases are inflated. Independence between discovery and test sets is a well-known basic requirement for PRS studies. However, a lot of PRS studies cannot follow such requirements because of impossible direct comparisons when using summary statistics. Thus, for sPRS, potential duplications should be carefully considered within the same ethnic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Keetae Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Mingshen Chen
- Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - Seungsoo Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAHIST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rebekah K Loving
- Department of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
| | - Hyoung Seop Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dementia Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jiook Cha
- Department of Psychology, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, AI Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shinjae Yoo
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Lab. Computer Science and Math, Building 725, Room 2-189, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, 100 Ilsan-ro Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-Do, 10444, South Korea.
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50
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Yousri NA, Albagha OME, Hunt SC. Integrated epigenome, whole genome sequence and metabolome analyses identify novel multi-omics pathways in type 2 diabetes: a Middle Eastern study. BMC Med 2023; 21:347. [PMID: 37679740 PMCID: PMC10485955 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T2D is of high prevalence in the middle east and thus studying its mechanisms is of a significant importance. Using 1026 Qatar BioBank samples, epigenetics, whole genome sequencing and metabolomics were combined to further elucidate the biological mechanisms of T2D in a population with a high prevalence of T2D. METHODS An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) with T2D was performed using the Infinium 850K EPIC array, followed by whole genome-wide sequencing SNP-CpG association analysis (> 5.5 million SNPs) and a methylome-metabolome (CpG-metabolite) analysis of the identified T2D sites. RESULTS A total of 66 T2D-CpG associations were identified, including 63 novel sites in pathways of fructose and mannose metabolism, insulin signaling, galactose, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbohydrate absorption and digestion. Whole genome SNP associations with the 66 CpGs resulted in 688 significant CpG-SNP associations comprising 22 unique CpGs (33% of the 66 CPGs) and included 181 novel pairs or pairs in novel loci. Fourteen of the loci overlapped published GWAS loci for diabetes related traits and were used to identify causal associations of HK1 and PFKFB2 with HbA1c. Methylome-metabolome analysis identified 66 significant CpG-metabolite pairs among which 61 pairs were novel. Using the identified methylome-metabolome associations, methylation QTLs, and metabolic networks, a multi-omics network was constructed which suggested a number of metabolic mechanisms underlying T2D methylated genes. 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-GPE (16:0/18:1) - a triglyceride-associated metabolite, shared a common network with 13 methylated CpGs, including TXNIP, PFKFB2, OCIAD1, and BLCAP. Mannonate - a food component/plant shared a common network with 6 methylated genes, including TXNIP, BLCAP, THBS4 and PEF1, pointing to a common possible cause of methylation in those genes. A subnetwork with alanine, glutamine, urea cycle (citrulline, arginine), and 1-carboxyethylvaline linked to PFKFB2 and TXNIP revealed associations with kidney function, hypertension and triglyceride metabolism. The pathway containing STYXL1-POR was associated with a sphingosine-ceramides subnetwork associated with HDL-C and LDL-C and point to steroid perturbations in T2D. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed several novel methylated genes in T2D, with their genomic variants and associated metabolic pathways with several implications for future clinical use of multi-omics associations in disease and for studying therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Yousri
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
- Computer and Systems Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Omar M E Albagha
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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