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Cho S, Jo H, Hwang YJ, Kim C, Jo YH, Yun JW. Potential impact of underlying diseases influencing ADME in nonclinical safety assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114636. [PMID: 38582343 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Nonclinical studies involve in vitro, in silico, and in vivo experiments to assess the toxicokinetics, toxicology, and safety pharmacology of drugs according to regulatory requirements by a national or international authority. In this review, we summarize the potential effects of various underlying diseases governing the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs to consider the use of animal models of diseases in nonclinical trials. Obesity models showed alterations in hepatic metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and renal pathophysiology, which increase the risk of drug-induced toxicity. Diabetes models displayed changes in hepatic metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and glomerular filtration rates (GFR), leading to variability in drug responses and susceptibility to toxicity. Animal models of advanced age exhibited impairment of drug metabolism and kidney function, thereby reducing the drug-metabolizing capacity and clearance. Along with changes in hepatic metabolic enzymes, animal models of metabolic syndrome-related hypertension showed renal dysfunction, resulting in a reduced GFR and urinary excretion of drugs. Taken together, underlying diseases can induce dysfunction of organs involved in the ADME of drugs, ultimately affecting toxicity. Therefore, the use of animal models of representative underlying diseases in nonclinical toxicity studies can be considered to improve the predictability of drug side effects before clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Cho
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Harin Jo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jeong Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Changuk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyeon Jo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Yun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Tikhonova IV, Dyukina AR, Grinevich AA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Safronova VG. Changed regulation of granulocyte NADPH oxidase activity in the mouse model of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:33-45. [PMID: 38479632 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase is a target of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which causes dysregulation of enzyme. Alterations in regulation of NADPH oxidase activity mediated receptor and non-receptor signaling in bone marrow granulocytes of mice with obesity-induced T2DM were studied. The animals fed high fat diet (516 kcal/100 g) for 16 weeks. NADPH oxidase-related generation of reactive species (RS) at normo- and hyperthermia was estimated using chemiluminescent analysis. The redox status of the cells was assessed by Redox Sensor Red CC-1. Baseline biochemical indicators in blood (glucose, cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels) were significant higher in T2DM mice versus controls. Using specific inhibitors, signaling mediated by formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) to NADPH oxidase was shown to involve PLC, PKC, cytochrome p450 in both control and T2DM groups and PLA2 in controls. In T2DM regulation of NADPH oxidase activity via mFpr1, a high-affinity receptors, occurred with a significant increase of the role of PKC isoforms and suppression of PLA2 participation. Significant differences between this regulation via mFpr2, low-affinity receptors, were not found. Non-receptor activation of NADPH oxidase with ionomycin (Ca2+ ionophore) or phorbol ester (direct activator of PKC isoforms) did not revealed differences in the kinetic parameters between groups at 37 °C and 40 °C. When these agents were used together (synergistic effect), lower sensitivity of cells to ionophore was observed in T2DM at both temperatures. Redox status in responses to opsonized zymosan was higher in T2DM mice at 37 °C and similar to control levels at 40 °C. ROC-analysis identified Tmax, RS production and effect of opsonized zymosan as the most significant predictors for discriminating between groups. It was concluded that Ca2+-dependent/PKC-mediated regulation of NADPH oxidase activity was altered in BM granulocytes from diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Tikhonova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia.
| | - Alsu R Dyukina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Andrei A Grinevich
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Elvira R Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Valentina G Safronova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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Adiwidjaja J, Spires J, Brouwer KLR. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model Predictions of Disease Mediated Changes in Drug Disposition in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Pharm Res 2024; 41:441-462. [PMID: 38351228 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to verify a virtual population representing patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to support the implementation of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach for prediction of disease-related changes in drug pharmacokinetics. METHODS A virtual NAFLD patient population was developed in GastroPlus (v.9.8.2) by accounting for pathophysiological changes associated with the disease and proteomics-informed alterations in the abundance of metabolizing enzymes and transporters pertinent to drug disposition. The NAFLD population model was verified using exemplar drugs where elimination is influenced predominantly by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (chlorzoxazone, caffeine, midazolam, pioglitazone) or by transporters (rosuvastatin, 11C-metformin, morphine and the glucuronide metabolite of morphine). RESULTS PBPK model predictions of plasma concentrations of all the selected drugs and hepatic radioactivity levels of 11C-metformin were consistent with the clinically-observed data. Importantly, the PBPK simulations using the virtual NAFLD population model provided reliable estimates of the extent of changes in key pharmacokinetic parameters for the exemplar drugs, with mean predicted ratios (NAFLD patients divided by healthy individuals) within 0.80- to 1.25-fold of the clinically-reported values, except for midazolam (prediction-fold difference of 0.72). CONCLUSION A virtual NAFLD population model within the PBPK framework was successfully developed with good predictive capability of estimating disease-related changes in drug pharmacokinetics. This supports the use of a PBPK modeling approach for prediction of the pharmacokinetics of new investigational or repurposed drugs in patients with NAFLD and may help inform dose adjustments for drugs commonly used to treat comorbidities in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffry Adiwidjaja
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Simulations Plus, Inc, Lancaster, CA, USA
| | | | - Kim L R Brouwer
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Bruijn N, van Lohuizen R, Boron M, Fitzek M, Gabriele F, Giuliani G, Melgarejo L, Řehulka P, Sebastianelli G, Triller P, Vigneri S, Özcan B, van den Brink AM. Influence of metabolic state and body composition on the action of pharmacological treatment of migraine. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:20. [PMID: 38347465 PMCID: PMC10863119 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01724-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a disabling neurovascular disorder among people of all ages, with the highest prevalence in the fertile years, and in women. Migraine impacts the quality of life of affected individuals tremendously and, in addition, it is associated with highly prevalent metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction. Also, the clinical response to drugs might be affected in patients with metabolic disease due to body composition and metabolic change. Therefore, the efficacy of antimigraine drugs could be altered in patients with both migraine and metabolic disease. However, knowledge of the pharmacology and the related clinical effects of antimigraine drugs in patients with metabolic disease are limited. Therefore, and given the clinical relevance, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the current research and hypotheses related to the influence of metabolic state and body composition on the action of antimigraine drugs. In addition, the influence of antimigraine drugs on metabolic functioning and, vice versa, the influence of metabolic diseases and its hormonal modulating medication on migraine activity is outlined. Future exploration on personalizing migraine treatment to individual characteristics is necessary to enhance therapeutic strategies, especially given its increasing significance in recent decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Bruijn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Romy van Lohuizen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Malgorzata Boron
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mira Fitzek
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca Gabriele
- Department of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology, Neuroscience Section, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giada Giuliani
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Melgarejo
- Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pavel Řehulka
- St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriele Sebastianelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino ICOT, Latina, Italy
| | - Paul Triller
- Department of Neurology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Vigneri
- Casa Di Cura Santa Maria Maddalena, Neurology and Neurophysiology Service, Occhiobello, Italy
| | - Behiye Özcan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antoinette Maassen van den Brink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Tarantino G, Citro V. What are the common downstream molecular events between alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver? Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:41. [PMID: 38331795 PMCID: PMC10851522 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver fat storage, also called hepatic steatosis, is increasingly common and represents a very frequent diagnosis in the medical field. Excess fat is not without consequences. In fact, hepatic steatosis contributes to the progression toward liver fibrosis. There are two main types of fatty liver disease, alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although AFLD and NAFLD are similar in their initial morphological features, both conditions involve the same evolutive forms. Moreover, there are various common mechanisms underlying both diseases, including alcoholic liver disease and NAFLD, which are commonalities. In this Review, the authors explore similar downstream signaling events involved in the onset and progression of the two entities but not completely different entities, predominantly focusing on the gut microbiome. Downstream molecular events, such as the roles of sirtuins, cytokeratins, adipokines and others, should be considered. Finally, to complete the feature, some new tendencies in the therapeutic approach are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Citro
- Department of General Medicine, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, SA, 84014, Italy
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Gutiérrez-Repiso C, Cantarero-Cuenca A, González-Jiménez A, Linares-Pineda T, Peña-Montero N, Ocaña-Wilhelmi L, Tinahones FJ, Morcillo S. Epigenetic Marks as Predictors of Metabolic Response to Bariatric Surgery: Validation from an Epigenome Wide Association Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14778. [PMID: 37834223 PMCID: PMC10572880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the potential role of epigenetic marks as predictors of the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities after bariatric surgery. In this study, 20 patients were classified according to the metabolic improvement observed 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy, based on the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, into responders if metabolic syndrome reversed after bariatric surgery (n = 10) and non-responders if they had metabolic syndrome bariatric surgery (n = 10). Blood DNA methylation was analyzed at both study points using the Infinium Methylation EPIC Bead Chip array-based platform. Twenty-six CpG sites and their annotated genes, which were previously described to be associated with metabolic status, were evaluated. Cg11445109 and cg19469447 (annotated to Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) gene) were significantly more hypomethylated in the responder group than in the non-responder group at both study points, whilst cg25828445 (annotated to Nucleolar Protein Interacting With The FHA Domain Of MKI67 Pseudogene 3 (NIFKP3) gene) showed to be significantly more hypermethylated in the non-responder group compared to the responder group at both study points. The analysis of the methylation sites annotated to the associated genes showed that CYP2E1 had 40% of the differentially methylated CpG sites, followed by Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DR Beta 1 (HLA-DRB1) (33.33%) and Zinc Finger Protein, FOG Family Member 2 (ZFPM2) (26.83%). Cg11445109, cg19469447 and cg25828445 could have a role in the prediction of metabolic status and potential value as biomarkers of response to bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Gutiérrez-Repiso
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (T.L.-P.); (N.P.-M.); (F.J.T.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cantarero-Cuenca
- ECAI Bioinformática, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (A.G.-J.)
| | - Andrés González-Jiménez
- ECAI Bioinformática, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (A.G.-J.)
| | - Teresa Linares-Pineda
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (T.L.-P.); (N.P.-M.); (F.J.T.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Nerea Peña-Montero
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (T.L.-P.); (N.P.-M.); (F.J.T.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Luis Ocaña-Wilhelmi
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (T.L.-P.); (N.P.-M.); (F.J.T.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Morcillo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (T.L.-P.); (N.P.-M.); (F.J.T.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Wang J, Yang H, Wang C, Kan C. Cyp2e1 knockdown attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress of cardiomyocytes by activating PI3K/Akt signaling. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1219-1229. [PMID: 37195324 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cyp2e1 is a crucial CYP450 enzyme participating in diabetes and cardiovascular disorder. However, the role of Cyp2e1 in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has never been reported. Thus, we intended to identify the effects of Cyp2e1 on cardiomyocytes under high glucose (HG) conditions. METHODS Identification of differentially expressed genes in DCM and control rats was performed using bioinformatics analysis based on GEO database. The Cyp2e1-knockdown H9c2 and HL-1 cells were established through transfection with si-Cyp2e1. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression levels of Cyp2e1, apoptosis-related proteins and PI3K/Akt signaling-associated proteins. TUNEL assay was performed to assess apoptotic rate. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was examined by DCFH2-DA staining assay. RESULTS From the bioinformatics analysis, Cyp2e1 was confirmed as an upregulated gene in DCM tissues. In vitro assays proved that Cyp2e1 expression was markedly increased in HG-induced H9c2 and HL-1 cells. Cyp2e1 knockdown attenuated HG-induced apoptosis in both H9c2 and HL-1 cells, as proved by deceased apoptotic rate, relative cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 level, and caspase-3 activity. Cyp2e1 knockdown reduced ROS generation and elevated the expression level of nuclear Nrf2 in HG-induced H9c2 and HL-1 cells. Increased relative levels of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt were found in Cyp2e1-knockdown H9c2 and HL-1 cells. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt using LY294002 reversed the inhibitory effects of Cyp2e1 knockdown on cell apoptosis and ROS generation on cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Cyp2e1 knockdown attenuated HG-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress by activating PI3K/Akt signaling in cardiomyocytes. These findings suggested that Cyp2e1 might be potentially used as an effective therapeutic strategy for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, 473065, Henan Province, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, 473065, Henan Province, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanshi Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang, 473065, Henan Province, China
| | - Cuie Kan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huai'an Second Peopl's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 62 South Huaihai Road, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China.
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8
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Armijo AL, Thongararm P, Fedeles BI, Yau J, Kay J, Corrigan JJ, Chancharoen M, Chawanthayatham S, Samson L, Carrasco S, Engelward B, Fox J, Croy R, Essigmann J. Molecular origins of mutational spectra produced by the environmental carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine and S N1 chemotherapeutic agents. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad015. [PMID: 36992846 PMCID: PMC10041537 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA-methylating environmental carcinogens such as N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and certain alkylators used in chemotherapy form O 6-methylguanine (m6G) as a functionally critical intermediate. NDMA is a multi-organ carcinogen found in contaminated water, polluted air, preserved foods, tobacco products, and many pharmaceuticals. Only ten weeks after exposure to NDMA, neonatally-treated mice experienced elevated mutation frequencies in liver, lung and kidney of ∼35-fold, 4-fold and 2-fold, respectively. High-resolution mutational spectra (HRMS) of liver and lung revealed distinctive patterns dominated by GC→AT mutations in 5'-Pu-G-3' contexts, very similar to human COSMIC mutational signature SBS11. Commonly associated with alkylation damage, SBS11 appears in cancers treated with the DNA alkylator temozolomide (TMZ). When cells derived from the mice were treated with TMZ, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, and streptozotocin (two other therapeutic methylating agents), all displayed NDMA-like HRMS, indicating mechanistically convergent mutational processes. The role of m6G in shaping the mutational spectrum of NDMA was probed by removing MGMT, the main cellular defense against m6G. MGMT-deficient mice displayed a strikingly enhanced mutant frequency, but identical HRMS, indicating that the mutational properties of these alkylators is likely owed to sequence-specific DNA binding. In sum, the HRMS of m6G-forming agents constitute an early-onset biomarker of exposure to DNA methylating carcinogens and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Armijo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Pennapa Thongararm
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bogdan I Fedeles
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Judy Yau
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jennifer E Kay
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Joshua J Corrigan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Marisa Chancharoen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Supawadee Chawanthayatham
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Leona D Samson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sebastian E Carrasco
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, and The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bevin P Engelward
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James G Fox
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert G Croy
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - John M Essigmann
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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He X, Zhong Z, Wang Q, Jia Z, Lu J, Chen J, Liu P. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis rats treated with cryptotanshinone. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1127219. [PMID: 36969870 PMCID: PMC10034131 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1127219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cryptotanshinone(CTS), a compound derived from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been linked to various of diseases, particularly pulmonary fibrosis. In the current study, we investigated the benefit of CTS on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats induced by bleomycin (BLM) and established high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) methods to compare pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in subsequent normal and modulated SD rats.Methods: The therapeutic effect of CTS on BLM-induced SD rats was evaluated using histopathology, lung function and hydroxyproline content measurement, revealing that CTS significantly improved SD rats induced by BLM. Additionally, a simple, rapid, sensitive and specific HPLC-MS/MS method was developed to determine the pharmacokinetics of various components in rat plasma.Results: Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that CTS was slowly absorbed by oral administration and had low bioavailability and a slow clearance rate. The elimination of pulmonary fibrosis in 28-day rats was slowed down, and the area under the curve was increased compared to the control group. Long-term oral administration of CTS did not accumulate in vivo, but the clearance was slowed down, and the steady-state blood concentration was increased. The tissue distribution study revealed that CTS exposure in the lungs and liver.Discussion: The lung CTS exposure was significantly higher in the model group than in the control group, suggesting that the pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis were conducive to the lung exposure of CTS and served as the target organ of CTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun He
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Zhong
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Wang
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenmao Jia
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Lu, ; Jianwen Chen, ; Peiqing Liu,
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Lu, ; Jianwen Chen, ; Peiqing Liu,
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Lu, ; Jianwen Chen, ; Peiqing Liu,
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Berton M, Bettonte S, Stader F, Battegay M, Marzolini C. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling to Identify Physiological and Drug Parameters Driving Pharmacokinetics in Obese Individuals. Clin Pharmacokinet 2023; 62:277-295. [PMID: 36571702 PMCID: PMC9998327 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-022-01194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese individuals are often underrepresented in clinical trials, leading to a lack of dosing guidance. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate which physiological parameters and drug properties determine drug disposition changes in obese using our physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) framework, informed with obese population characteristics. METHODS Simulations were performed for ten drugs with clinical data in obese (i.e., midazolam, triazolam, caffeine, chlorzoxazone, acetaminophen, lorazepam, propranolol, amikacin, tobramycin, and glimepiride). PBPK drug models were developed and verified first against clinical data in non-obese (body mass index (BMI) ≤ 30 kg/m2) and subsequently in obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) without changing any drug parameters. Additionally, the PBPK model was used to study the effect of obesity on the pharmacokinetic parameters by simulating drug disposition across BMI, starting from 20 up to 60 kg/m2. RESULTS Predicted pharmacokinetic parameters were within 1.25-fold (71.5%), 1.5-fold (21.5%) and twofold (7%) of clinical data. On average, clearance increased by 1.6% per BMI unit up to 64% for a BMI of 60 kg/m2, which was explained by the increased hepatic and renal blood flows. Volume of distribution increased for all drugs up to threefold for a BMI of 60 kg/m2; this change was driven by pKa for ionized drugs and logP for neutral and unionized drugs. Cmax decreased similarly across all drugs while tmax remained unchanged. CONCLUSION Both physiological changes and drug properties impact drug pharmacokinetics in obese subjects. Clearance increases due to enhanced hepatic and renal blood flows. Volume of distribution is higher for all drugs, with differences among drugs depending on their pKa/logP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Berton
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. .,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sara Bettonte
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Manuel Battegay
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catia Marzolini
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Departments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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11
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Cho S, Yang X, Won KJ, Leone VA, Chang EB, Guzman G, Ko Y, Bae ON, Lee H, Jeong H. Phenylpropionic acid produced by gut microbiota alleviates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2231590. [PMID: 37431867 PMCID: PMC10337503 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2231590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota affects hepatic drug metabolism. However, gut microbial factors modulating hepatic drug metabolism are largely unknown. In this study, using a mouse model of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, we identified a gut bacterial metabolite that controls the hepatic expression of CYP2E1 that catalyzes the conversion of APAP to a reactive, toxic metabolite. By comparing C57BL/6 substrain mice from two different vendors, Jackson (6J) and Taconic (6N), which are genetically similar but harbor different gut microbiotas, we established that the differences in the gut microbiotas result in differential susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. 6J mice exhibited lower susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity than 6N mice, and such phenotypic difference was recapitulated in germ-free mice by microbiota transplantation. Comparative untargeted metabolomic analysis of portal vein sera and liver tissues between conventional and conventionalized 6J and 6N mice led to the identification of phenylpropionic acid (PPA), the levels of which were higher in 6J mice. PPA supplementation alleviated APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in 6N mice by lowering hepatic CYP2E1 levels. Moreover, PPA supplementation also reduced carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury mediated by CYP2E1. Our data showed that previously known PPA biosynthetic pathway is responsible for PPA production. Surprisingly, while PPA in 6N mouse cecum contents is almost undetectable, 6N cecal microbiota produces PPA as well as 6J cecal microbiota in vitro, suggesting that PPA production in the 6N gut microbiota is suppressed in vivo. However, previously known gut bacteria harboring the PPA biosynthetic pathway were not detected in either 6J or 6N microbiota, suggesting the presence of as-yet-unidentified PPA-producing gut microbes. Collectively, our study reveals a novel biological function of the gut bacterial metabolite PPA in the gut-liver axis and presents a critical basis for investigating PPA as a modulator of CYP2E1-mediated liver injury and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjoon Cho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kyoung-Jae Won
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Vanessa A Leone
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eugene B Chang
- Section of Gastroenterology, Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grace Guzman
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yeonju Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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12
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Zhang L, Tang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang F. Association of CYP7A1 and CYP2E1 Polymorphisms with Type 2 Diabetes in the Chinese Han Populations. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2022; 15:843-855. [PMID: 36168322 PMCID: PMC9509678 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s367806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by diverse environmental and genetic risk factors. Previous studies have reported that cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a promising gene for T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of CYP7A1 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms on T2DM susceptibility among the Chinese Han population. Methods A case-control study was conducted to assess the potential relationship of four polymorphisms (rs8192879, rs12542233, rs2070672 and rs2515641) with T2DM susceptibility in the Chinese population, involving 512 T2DM patients and 515 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals. We used the Agena MassARRAY platform to detect CYP7A1 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms. The relationship between genetic polymorphisms and T2DM risk was evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in various genetic models. Results After adjusting for age and gender, rs12542233 in the CYP7A1 gene was significantly associated with decreased T2DM risk (recessive: OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.49–0.91, p = 0.012; after FDR correction, p = 0.048). The CYP7A1 rs12542233 was associated with a reduced risk of T2DM in people over 59 years of age (p = 0.010). In the population with BMI ≤ 24 kg/m2, CYP7A1 rs12542233 was associated with an increased risk of T2DM (p < 0.05). In the population with BMI > 24 kg/m2, CYP2E1 rs2515641 can significantly reduce the risk of T2DM (p < 0.05). And rs8192879, rs2070672 and rs2515641 could significantly increase the risk of diabetes retinopathy in T2DM patients (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the Trs8192879Crs12542233 haplotype was significantly associated with T2DM (p = 0.019). Conclusion CYP7A1 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms may contribute to T2DM susceptibility in the Chinese Han population, especially in stratified analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi’an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi’an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yindi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi’an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi’an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi’an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710003, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Fang Wang, Department of Endocrinology, Xi’an central hospital affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 185, Houzaimen, Xincheng District, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 18681809668, Email
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Hepatic, Extrahepatic and Extracellular Vesicle Cytochrome P450 2E1 in Alcohol and Acetaminophen-Mediated Adverse Interactions and Potential Treatment Options. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172620. [PMID: 36078027 PMCID: PMC9454765 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol and several therapeutic drugs, including acetaminophen, are metabolized by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) into toxic compounds. At low levels, these compounds are not detrimental, but higher sustained levels of these compounds can lead to life-long problems such as cytotoxicity, organ damage, and cancer. Furthermore, CYP2E1 can facilitate or enhance the effects of alcohol-drug and drug-drug interactions. In this review, we discuss the role of CYP2E1 in the metabolism of alcohol and drugs (with emphasis on acetaminophen), mediating injury/toxicities, and drug-drug/alcohol-drug interactions. Next, we discuss various compounds and various nutraceuticals that can reduce or prevent alcohol/drug-induced toxicity. Additionally, we highlight experimental outcomes of alcohol/drug-induced toxicity and potential treatment strategies. Finally, we cover the role and implications of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing CYP2E1 in hepatic and extrahepatic cells and provide perspectives on the clinical relevance of EVs containing CYP2E1 in intracellular and intercellular communications leading to drug-drug and alcohol-drug interactions. Furthermore, we provide our perspectives on CYP2E1 as a druggable target using nutraceuticals and the use of EVs for targeted drug delivery in extrahepatic and hepatic cells, especially to treat cellular toxicity.
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Kandeel M, Al-Taher A, Venugopala KN, Marzok M, Morsy M, Nagaraja S. Camel Proteins and Enzymes: A Growing Resource for Functional Evolution and Environmental Adaptation. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:911511. [PMID: 35903143 PMCID: PMC9315206 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.911511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In less agroecological parts of the Asian, Arabian, and African deserts, Camelus dromedarius play an important role in human survival. For many years, camels have been employed as a source of food, a tool of transportation, and a means of defense. They are becoming increasingly important as viable livestock animals in many desert climates. With the help of camel genetics, genomics and proteomics known so far, this review article will summarize camel enzymes and proteins, which allow them to thrive under varied harsh environmental situations. An in-depth study of the dromedary genome revealed the existence of protein-coding and fast-developing genes that govern a variety of metabolic responses including lipid and protein metabolism, glucoamylase, flavin-containing monooxygenase and guanidinoacetate methyltransferase are other metabolic enzymes found in the small intestine, liver, pancreas, and spleen. In addition, we will discuss the handling of common medications by camel liver cytochrome p 450, which are different from human enzymes. Moreover, camels developed several paths to get optimum levels of trace elements like copper, zinc, selenium, etc., which have key importance in their body for normal regulation of metabolic events. Insulin tolerance, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, xenobiotics metabolizing enzymes, vimentin functions, behavior during the rutting season, resistance to starvation and changes in blood composition and resistance to water loss were among the attractive aspects of camel enzymes and proteins peculiarities in the camels. Resolving the enigma of the method of adaptation and the molecular processes linked with camel life is still a developing repository full of mysteries that need additional exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El Sheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Abdulla Al-Taher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohamed Marzok
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El Sheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Sreeharsha Nagaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
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15
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Potential Effect of Enzymatic Porcine Placental Hydrolysate (EPPH) to Improve Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) by Promoting Lipolysis in the Liver. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071012. [PMID: 36101395 PMCID: PMC9311938 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease is associated with the production of highly reactive free radicals by ethanol and its metabolites. Free radicals not only induce liver oxidation and damage tissues, but also stimulate an inflammatory response in hepatocytes, leading to severe liver disease. In order to improve alcoholic liver disease, enzymatic porcine placenta hydrolysate was studied by exploring various materials. Enzymatic porcine placenta hydrolysate (EPPH) contains various amino acids, peptides, and proteins, and is used as a useful substance in the body. In this study, changes were confirmed in indicators related to the antioxidant efficacy of EPPH in vitro and in vivo. EPPH inhibits an EtOH-induced decrease in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity through inhibition of free radicals without endogenous cytotoxicity. EPPH has been observed to have a partial effect on common liver function factors such as liver weight, ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT. In addition, EPPH affected changes in fat regulators and inflammatory cytokines in blood biochemical assays. It was confirmed that EPPH was involved in fat metabolism in hepatocytes by regulating PPARα in an alcoholic liver disease animal model. Therefore, EPPH strongly modulates Bcl-2 and BAX involved in apoptosis, thereby exhibiting cytochrome P450 (CYP)-inhibitory effects in alcoholic liver disease cells. As a result, this study confirmed that EPPH is a substance that can help liver health by improving liver disease in an alcoholic liver disease animal model.
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Mashayekhi-sardoo H, Kamali H, Mehri S, Sahebkar A, Imenshahidi M, Mohammadpour AH. Comparison of pharmacokinetic parameters of ranolazine between diabetic and non-diabetic rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:865-870. [PMID: 36033953 PMCID: PMC9392571 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64391.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Ranolazine is an antianginal drug that is prescribed in DM patients with angina. We decided to evaluate the effect of DM on the pharmacokinetics of ranolazine and its major metabolite CVT-2738 in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male rats were divided into two groups: DM (induced by 55 mg/kg Streptozotocin (STZ)) and non-DM. All animals were treated with 80 mg/kg of ranolazine for 7 continuous days. The blood samples were collected immediately at 0 (prior to dosing), 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 hr after administration of the 7th dose of ranolazine. Serum ranolazine and CVT-2738 concentrations were determined using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental model and compared between the two groups. RESULTS The peak serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) of ranolazine significantly decreased in DM compared with non-DM rats. DM rats showed significantly higher volumes of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL) of ranolazine than non-DM rats. DM did not affect Ke, Tmax, and T1/2 of ranolazine. The concentration of metabolite was lower than the HPLC limit of detection (LOD). CONCLUSION It was found that streptozotocin-induced DM increased Vd and CL of ranolazine, thereby decreasing the AUC of the drug. Therefore, dosage adjustment may be necessary for DM patients, which requires further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibeh Mashayekhi-sardoo
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Kamali
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding authors: Mohsen Imenshahidi. Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: +98-51-38823255; Fax: +98-51-38823251; ; Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour. Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel:+98-51-38823255; Fax: +98-51-38823251;
| | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding authors: Mohsen Imenshahidi. Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: +98-51-38823255; Fax: +98-51-38823251; ; Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour. Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel:+98-51-38823255; Fax: +98-51-38823251;
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Zhang Y, Yan T, Wang T, Liu X, Hamada K, Sun D, Sun Y, Yang Y, Wang J, Takahashi S, Wang Q, Krausz KW, Jiang C, Xie C, Yang X, Gonzalez FJ. Crosstalk between CYP2E1 and PPAR α substrates and agonists modulate adipose browning and obesity. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2224-2238. [PMID: 35646522 PMCID: PMC9136617 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the functions of metabolic enzymes and nuclear receptors in controlling physiological homeostasis have been established, their crosstalk in modulating metabolic disease has not been explored. Genetic ablation of the xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2E1 in mice markedly induced adipose browning and increased energy expenditure to improve obesity. CYP2E1 deficiency activated the expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) target genes, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, that upon release from the liver, enhanced adipose browning and energy expenditure to decrease obesity. Nineteen metabolites were increased in Cyp2e1-null mice as revealed by global untargeted metabolomics, among which four compounds, lysophosphatidylcholine and three polyunsaturated fatty acids were found to be directly metabolized by CYP2E1 and to serve as PPARα agonists, thus explaining how CYP2E1 deficiency causes hepatic PPARα activation through increasing cellular levels of endogenous PPARα agonists. Translationally, a CYP2E1 inhibitor was found to activate the PPARα–FGF21–beige adipose axis and decrease obesity in wild-type mice, but not in liver-specific Ppara-null mice. The present results establish a metabolic crosstalk between PPARα and CYP2E1 that supports the potential for a novel anti-obesity strategy of activating adipose tissue browning by targeting the CYP2E1 to modulate endogenous metabolites beyond its canonical role in xenobiotic-metabolism.
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Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by investigating the inhibitory effect of serum components on P450 inhibition assay. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6622. [PMID: 35459262 PMCID: PMC9033851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and diagnostic methods and biomarkers for patients without subjective motor symptoms have not yet been established. Previously, we developed a cytochrome P450 inhibition assay that detects alterations in metabolite levels associated with P450s caused by inflammation and exposure to endogenous or exogenous substances. However, it is unknown whether the P450 inhibition assay can be applied in PD diagnosis. Here, we determined whether the P450 inhibition assay can discriminate sera between patients with PD and healthy individuals. The results of the assay revealed that the P450 inhibition assay can discriminate PD with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.814-0.914 in rats and an AUC value of 0.910 in humans. These findings demonstrate that the P450 inhibition assay can aid in the future development of liquid biopsy-based diagnostic methods for PD.
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Karimani A. Evaluating Cytochrome P-2E1 Induction in Diabetic Rats and Rabbits. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2022.158.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Chou YT, Sun ZJ, Shen WC, Yang YC, Lu FH, Chang CJ, Li CY, Wu JS. Cumulative Betel Quid Chewing and the Risk of Significant Liver Fibrosis in Subjects With and Without Metabolic Syndrome. Front Nutr 2022; 9:765206. [PMID: 35223941 PMCID: PMC8873786 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.765206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Betel quid chewing is associated with metabolic disorders, oral cancer, cardiovascular disease, and chronic liver diseases. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is also a factor associated with liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, studies on the relationship between betel quid and liver fibrosis while also considering MetS are lacking. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the association of betel quid chewing and liver fibrosis with MetS. Methods A total of 9,221 subjects were enrolled after excluding subjects <18 years of age, with past history of chronic liver diseases, cancer, significant alcohol consumption, and incomplete data. Betel nut chewing habit was classified into three groups: none, former-chewing, and current-chewing, and cumulative exposure was calculated by multiplying the duration with the quantity. Liver fibrosis was evaluated based on the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), which is a composite score of age, hyperglycemia, BMI, platelet count, albumin, and the AST/ALT ratio. Significant liver fibrosis was defined as NFS ≥-1.455. Results After adjusting for other variables, MetS was positively associated with significant liver fibrosis. Subjects with both MetS and betel quid chewing had a higher associated risk of significant liver fibrosis than those with neither MetS nor betel quid chewing (adjusted OR: 3.03, 95% CI: 2.04–4.50, p < 0.001). Betel quid chewing was associated with significant liver fibrosis (adjusted OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.14–3.49, p = 0.015) in subjects with MetS, but not in subjects without. Conclusion Metabolic syndrome increased the associated risk of significant liver fibrosis. Cumulative betel quid exposure increased the associated risk of significant liver fibrosis in subjects with MetS, but not in subjects without.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tsung Chou
- Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Jie Sun
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Shen
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Hwa Lu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Community Healthcare Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shang Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jin-Shang Wu
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21
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Lenoir C, Rollason V, Desmeules JA, Samer CF. Influence of Inflammation on Cytochromes P450 Activity in Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:733935. [PMID: 34867341 PMCID: PMC8637893 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.733935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Available in-vitro and animal studies indicate that inflammation impacts cytochromes P450 (CYP) activity via multiple and complex transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, depending on the specific CYP isoforms and the nature of inflammation mediators. It is essential to review the current published data on the impact of inflammation on CYP activities in adults to support drug individualization based on comorbidities and diseases in clinical practice. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in PubMed through 7th January 2021 looking for articles that investigated the consequences of inflammation on CYP activities in adults. Information on the source of inflammation, victim drugs (and CYPs involved), effect of disease-drug interaction, number of subjects, and study design were extracted. Results: The search strategy identified 218 studies and case reports that met our inclusion criteria. These articles were divided into fourteen different sources of inflammation (such as infection, autoimmune diseases, cancer, therapies with immunomodulator…). The impact of inflammation on CYP activities appeared to be isoform-specific and dependent on the nature and severity of the underlying disease causing the inflammation. Some of these drug-disease interactions had a significant influence on drug pharmacokinetic parameters and on clinical management. For example, clozapine levels doubled with signs of toxicity during infections and the concentration ratio between clopidogrel's active metabolite and clopidogrel is 48-fold lower in critically ill patients. Infection and CYP3A were the most cited perpetrator of inflammation and the most studied CYP, respectively. Moreover, some data suggest that resolution of inflammation results in a return to baseline CYP activities. Conclusion: Convincing evidence shows that inflammation is a major factor to be taken into account in drug development and in clinical practice to avoid any efficacy or safety issues because inflammation modulates CYP activities and thus drug pharmacokinetics. The impact is different depending on the CYP isoform and the inflammatory disease considered. Moreover, resolution of inflammation appears to result in a normalization of CYP activity. However, some results are still equivocal and further investigations are thus needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lenoir
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Rollason
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jules A Desmeules
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland (ISPSO), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Caroline F Samer
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Intensive Care, and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Stachyose inhibits vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus colonization and affects gut microbiota in mice. Microb Pathog 2021; 159:105094. [PMID: 34280500 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) caused nosocomial infections are rising globally. Multiple measures have been investigated to address this issue, altering gut microbiota through dietary intervention represents one of such effort. Stachyose can promote probiotic growth, which makes it a good candidate for potentially inhibiting VRE infection. This study aimed to determine whether stachyose inhibits VRE colonization and investigated the involvement of gut microbiota this effect of stachyose. In VRE-infection experiment, 6-week old female C57/6 J mice pre-treated with vancomycin were infected with 2 × 108 CFU VRE via gavage. These mice then received oral administration of stachyose or PBS as control for 7days. Two groups of uninfected mice were also received daily gavage of stachyose or PBS for 7 days to observe the impact of stachyose treatment on normal mice. Fresh fecal and colon samples were collected, then VRE colonization, gut microbiota and gene expression were respectively assessed using cultivation, 16s rRNA sequencing and RNA-sequencing in two parallel experiment, respectively. In VRE-infected mice, stachyose treatment significantly reduced VRE colonization on days 9 and 10 post-infection. Stachyose treatment increased the relative abundance of Porphyromonadaceae, Parabacteroides, and Parabacteroides distasonis compared to the PBS-treated infection mice (P < 0.01). Uninfected mice treated with stachyose showed a significant increase in Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus compared to the PBS-treated uninfected mice(P < 0.05). RNA-sequencing results showed that stachyose treatment in VRE-infected mice increased expression of genes involved in TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways. Stachyose treatment also up-regulated Hsd17b14, Cyp3a44, Arg1, and down-regulated Pnliprp2, Ces1c, Pla2g4c genes involving in metabolic pathway in uninfected mice. In conclusion, stachyose supplementation can effectively inhibit VRE colonization and probably altering composition of the microbiome, which can in turn result in changes in expression of genes. Stachyose may also benefit health by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus and expression of genes involving in metabolic pathway in normal mice.
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23
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Dang TTH, Choi M, Pham HG, Yun JW. Cytochrome P450 2F2 (CYP2F2) negatively regulates browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174318. [PMID: 34252443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are a multigene superfamily of constitutively expressed and inducible enzymes responsible for the detoxification of many endogenous and exogenous compounds and for the metabolism of numerous medications. The cytochrome P450 2F2 (CYP2F2) subfamily is preferentially expressed in the respiratory tract, but its functional role in adipocytes has never been explored. We found that CYP2F2 was highly expressed during the differentiation of the C3H10T1/2 murine mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes and here we have explored its functional role in adipocytes. The expression of thermogenic marker proteins such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16), and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and beige-fat specific genes were significantly increased in Cyp2f2-deficient 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, Cyp2f2 silencing led to reduced adipogenesis and lipogenesis, and enhanced lipid catabolism through the increased expression of lipolytic and fatty acid oxidative enzymes. A mechanistic study to identify molecular signals for CYP2F2-mediated negative regulation in the browning of white adipocytes revealed that CYP2F2 impairs the beta-3 adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) activation as well as its downstream regulators including protein kinase A (PKA), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2). This data provides evidence that CYP2F2 is a negative regulator of lipid catabolism and browning in white adipocytes, suggesting that inhibitors of CYP2F2 could be potential drugs for the treatment of obesity with a focus on enhancing energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Thi Huyen Dang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Huong Giang Pham
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38453, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Bhatt S, Sharma A, Dogra A, Sharma P, Kumar A, Kotwal P, Bag S, Misra P, Singh G, Kumar A, Sangwan PL, Nandi U. Glabridin attenuates paracetamol-induced liver injury in mice via CYP2E1-mediated inhibition of oxidative stress. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2352-2360. [PMID: 34233566 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1945004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CYP2E1 plays a crucial role in the bio-activation of toxic substances leading to liver damage. In this context, CYP2E1 converts paracetamol (PCM) to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), which is prone to cause hepatotoxicity. Hence, we aimed to explore the protective effect of glabridin on widely used PCM-induced liver injury model in the present study and, after that, correlated with the role of CYP2E1 toward its efficacy. Glabridin was isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra and characterized before the investigation in an in-vivo mice model of PCM-induced liver injury. Glabridin after oral treatment at 5-20 mg/kg showed a considerable improvement in serum biochemical parameters (ALT and AST) and oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, SOD, and catalase) in comparison to only PCM-treatment. Histopathological examination of the liver depicted that glabridin exhibited substantial protection from PCM-induced liver injury compared to the disease control group. Significant down-regulation of CYP2E1 protein and its mRNA expression levels were observed in the glabridin-treated groups compared to PCM-induced respective elevation of CYP2E1. Moreover, activation of NF-κB was significantly inhibited by glabridin. Therefore, glabridin has the potential to protect PCM-induced liver injury through CYP2E1 inhibition-mediated normalization of oxidative stress. Further research is warranted to establish glabridin as a phytotherapeutics for liver protection for which no effective and safe oral drug is available to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Bhatt
- PK-PD, Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankita Sharma
- PK-PD, Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Dogra
- PK-PD, Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Pankul Kotwal
- PK-PD, Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnendu Bag
- Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Proteomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Misra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Gurdarshan Singh
- PK-PD, Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD, Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Payare Lal Sangwan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Bio-Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK-PD, Toxicology and Formulation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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25
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Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) positively regulates lipid catabolism and induces browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes. Life Sci 2021; 278:119648. [PMID: 34043994 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Browning induction (beiging) of white adipocytes is an emerging prospective strategy to defeat obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), a membrane protein which belongs to the cytochrome P450 superfamily, reportedly functions in the xenobiotic metabolism in the body, especially ethanol metabolism. Although previous studies have reported the effect of CYP2E1 on obesity in animal models, the data remains controversial. In the current study, we investigate for the first time, the role of CYP2E1 in lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes, with a focus on fat browning. METHODS 3T3-L1 white adipocytes and Cyp2e1 siRNA were applied to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in white adipocytes. After that, cells were seperately exposed to β3-AR agonist, β3-AR antagonist and p38 inhibitor to identify the pathway which CYP2E1 was involved in to regulate browning event in white adipocytes. KEY FINDINGS We found that CYP2E1 deficiency results in reduced adipogenesis and lipogenesis as well as brown adipocyte-like phenotype induction. A mechanistic study to identify the molecular signals for CYP2E1 regulation in the browning of white adipocytes revealed that CYP2E1 inhibition deters the β3-adrenergic receptor activation and its downstream targets. SIGNIFICANCE Our data unveilved a previously unknown mechanism in the regulation of browning by CYP2E1 in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes, suggesting that CYP2E1 is a promising molecular target for the treatment of obesity and its related diseases.
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26
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Kuzgun G, Başaran R, Arıoğlu İnan E, Can Eke B. Effects of insulin treatment on hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP2E1 activities and lipid peroxidation levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 19:1157-1164. [PMID: 33520832 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels may increase in diabetic state and lead to oxidative stress, which plays a critical role in the progression of diabetes. There are various sources of ROS, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450s), which may be modulated in terms of their activities and expressions under diabetic conditions. This study is aimed to investigate the effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and insulin treatment on hepatic cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) activities and LPO levels. Methods: CYP1A1 and CYP2E1 activities were measured with ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and p-nitrophenol hydroxylase activities, respectively. LPO levels were then corroborated via thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Results: In diabetic rats, a marked 2.1- and 2.4-fold increase in hepatic CYP1A1 activity and 1.8- and 1.6-fold increase in hepatic CYP2E1 activity were observed compared to controls and insulin-treated diabetic rats, respectively. Hepatic LPO levels in diabetic rats did not significantly change compared to controls. However, in insulin-treated diabetic rats, LPO levels are 0.92- and 0.89-fold remarkably decrease compared to controls and diabetics, respectively. Conclusion: The present study suggests that insulin might have a useful role in the modulation of CYP1A1 and CYP2E1 activities as well as LPO levels in the liver of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökçe Kuzgun
- Present Address: Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yenimahalle, Ankara 06560 Turkey
| | - Rahman Başaran
- Present Address: Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yenimahalle, Ankara 06560 Turkey
| | - Ebru Arıoğlu İnan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yenimahalle, Ankara 06560 Turkey
| | - Benay Can Eke
- Present Address: Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yenimahalle, Ankara 06560 Turkey
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27
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Tamaki S, Imaishi H. Inhibitory effects of type 2 diabetes serum components in P450 inhibition assays can potential diagnose asymptomatic diabetic mice. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 35:497-504. [PMID: 32958406 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human cytochrome P450 (or CYP) inhibition rates were investigated in sera from high fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D), T2D recovered, and asymptomatic mice models to verify whether P450 inhibition assays could be used for the detection of disease, evaluation of therapeutic effect, and early diagnosis of T2D. In T2D mice, the blood glucose levels markedly increased; while blood glucose levels of recovered mice exceeded 200 mg dL-1, these eventually returned to the levels seen in control mice. In asymptomatic mice fed with short term HFD (stHFD), no changes in blood glucose levels were observed. The inhibition rates of CYP1A2, CYP2A13, and CYP2C18 in T2D mice significantly increased. Whereas in recovered mice, these changes returned to the same levels noted in the control mice. Changes in the inhibition rates of CYP2A13 and CYP2C18 in stHFD mice were similar to those in T2D mice. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed high area under the ROC curve (AUC) values (0.879-1.000) of CYP2A13 and CYP2C18 in T2D and stHFD mice, indicating their high diagnostic accuracy. Collectively, this study validates the P450 inhibition assay as a method for the therapeutic evaluation and early diagnosis of T2D mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tamaki
- Division of Signal Responses, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Hiromasa Imaishi
- Division of Signal Responses, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai Nada, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan.
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28
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Bozcaarmutlu A, Sapmaz C, Bozdoğan Ö, Kükner A, Kılınç L, Kaya ST, Özarslan OT, Ekşioğlu D. The effect of co-administration of berberine, resveratrol, and glibenclamide on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in diabetic rat liver. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:990-998. [PMID: 32762264 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1802475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
It is possible to use plant-derived antioxidant molecules in the form of dietary supplements. However, dietary supplement-drug interaction pattern has not been well defined for most of these products. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of berberine, resveratrol, and glibenclamide on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in diabetic rats. Streptozotocin was administered to create experimental diabetes. Resveratrol (5 mg/kg) (R), glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) (G), and berberine (10 mg/kg) (B) were administered individually or in combinations in DMSO by intraperitoneal administration route to the diabetic rats. DMSO was also given to non-diabetic control (C) and diabetic control (D) groups. Livers of rats were taken under anesthesia at the end of the treatment period (12 days). Ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase (PROD), aniline 4-hydroxylase (A4H), erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were measured in microsomes and cytosols. In addition, histomorphological studies were also performed in the liver tissues. EROD activity of D+R was significantly higher than C and D+R+B. PROD activity of D+R was significantly higher than C, D, D+R+G, D+R+B, and D+R+B+ G. PROD activity of D+B was significantly higher than C and D+R+B. ERND activity of D+R was significantly higher than D+R+G and D+R+B. GST activity of D+R was significantly higher than D+R+G. CAT activity of D+B was significantly lower than C. It is clear that co-administration of resveratrol, berberine, and glibenclamide modifies some of the important xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities. Resveratrol and berberine have the potential to cause dietary supplement-drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Bozcaarmutlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Canan Sapmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Ömer Bozdoğan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Aysel Kükner
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Leyla Kılınç
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Salih Tunç Kaya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Oğulcan Talat Özarslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Didem Ekşioğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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29
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Sarron E, Pérot M, Barbezier N, Delayre-Orthez C, Gay-Quéheillard J, Anton PM. Early exposure to food contaminants reshapes maturation of the human brain-gut-microbiota axis. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3145-3169. [PMID: 32684732 PMCID: PMC7336325 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i23.3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early childhood growth and development is conditioned by the consecutive events belonging to perinatal programming. This critical window of life will be very sensitive to any event altering programming of the main body functions. Programming of gut function, which is starting right after conception, relates to a very well-established series of cellular and molecular events associating all types of cells present in this organ, including neurons, endocrine and immune cells. At birth, this machinery continues to settle with the establishment of extra connection between enteric and other systemic systems and is partially under the control of gut microbiota activity, itself being under the densification and the diversification of microorganisms’ population. As thus, any environmental factor interfering on this pre-established program may have a strong incidence on body functions. For all these reasons, pregnant women, fetuses and infants will be particularly susceptible to environmental factors and especially food contaminants. In this review, we will summarize the actual understanding of the consequences of repeated low-level exposure to major food contaminants on gut homeostasis settlement and on brain/gut axis communication considering the pivotal role played by the gut microbiota during the fetal and postnatal stages and the presumed consequences of these food toxicants on the individuals especially in relation with the risks of developing later in life non-communicable chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Sarron
- Transformations and Agroressources (EA 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, Beauvais 60026, France
| | - Maxime Pérot
- Transformations and Agroressources (EA 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, Beauvais 60026, France
| | - Nicolas Barbezier
- Transformations and Agroressources (EA 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, Beauvais 60026, France
| | - Carine Delayre-Orthez
- Transformations and Agroressources (EA 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, Beauvais 60026, France
| | - Jérôme Gay-Quéheillard
- Périnatalité et risques Toxiques, UMR-I-01, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens 80000, France
| | - Pauline M Anton
- Transformations and Agroressources (EA 7519), Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d'Artois, Beauvais 60026, France
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Poruba M, Anzenbacher P, Racova Z, Oliyarnyk O, Hüttl M, Malinska H, Markova I, Gurska S, Kazdova L, Vecera R. The effect of combined diet containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and silymarin on metabolic syndrome in rats. Physiol Res 2020; 68:S39-S50. [PMID: 31755289 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of development of metabolic syndrome can be increased by hypertriglyceridemia. A search for effective therapy is a subject of considerable attention. Therefore, our hypothesis is that the fish oil (containing polyunsaturated fatty acids; n-3 PUFA) in a combination with silymarin can more effectively protect against hypertriglyceridemia-induced metabolic disturbances. The study was conducted using a unique non-obese strain of rats with hereditary hypertriglyceridemia an accepted model of metabolic syndrome. Adult male rats were treated with n-3 PUFA (300 mg/kg/day) without or with 1 % micronized silymarin in a diet for 4 weeks. The treatment with the diet containing n-3 PUFA and silymarin significantly reduced concentrations of serum triglycerides (-45 %), total cholesterol (-18 %), non-esterified fatty acids (-33 %), and ectopic lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle (-35 %) compared to controls. In addition, an increase in Abcg5 and Abcg8 mRNA expression (as genes affecting lipid homeostasis) as well as in protein content of ABCG5 (+78 %) and ABCG8 (+232 %) transporters have been determined in the liver of treated rats. Our findings suggest that this combined diet could be used in the prevention of hypertriglyceridemia-induced metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Poruba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes, Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System, Cytochrome P450 2E1, Catalase, and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8030050. [PMID: 32143280 PMCID: PMC7148483 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Once ingested, most of the alcohol is metabolized in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde. Two additional pathways of acetaldehyde generation are by microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (cytochrome P450 2E1) and catalase. Acetaldehyde can form adducts which can interfere with cellular function, leading to alcohol-induced liver injury. The variants of alcohol metabolizing genes encode enzymes with varied kinetic properties and result in the different rate of alcohol elimination and acetaldehyde generation. Allelic variants of these genes with higher enzymatic activity are believed to be able to modify susceptibility to alcohol-induced liver injury; however, the human studies on the association of these variants and alcohol-associated liver disease are inconclusive. In addition to acetaldehyde, the shift in the redox state during alcohol elimination may also link to other pathways resulting in activation of downstream signaling leading to liver injury.
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32
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Antioxidant Effects and Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1356893. [PMID: 32148647 PMCID: PMC7042557 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1356893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that majorly affects the endocrine gland, and it is symbolized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance owing to deficient insulin secretory responses and beta cell dysfunction. This ailment affects as many as 451 million people worldwide, and it is also one of the leading causes of death. In spite of the immense advances made in the development of orthodox antidiabetic drugs, these drugs are often considered not successful for the management and treatment of T2DM due to the myriad side effects associated with them. Thus, the exploration of medicinal herbs and natural products as therapeutic sources for the treatment of T2DM is promoted because they have little or no side effects. Bioactive molecules isolated from natural sources have been proven to lower blood glucose levels via regulating one or more of the following mechanisms: improvement of beta cell function, insulin resistance, glucose (re)absorption, and glucagon-like peptide-1 homeostasis. In recent times, the mechanisms of action of different bioactive molecules with antidiabetic properties and phytochemistry are gaining a lot of attention in the area of drug discovery. This review article presents an update of the findings from clinical research into medicinal plant therapy for T2DM.
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33
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Howe CG, Cox B, Fore R, Jungius J, Kvist T, Lent S, Miles HE, Salas LA, Rifas-Shiman S, Starling AP, Yousefi P, Ladd-Acosta C, Baccarelli A, Binder EB, Chatzi VL, Czamara D, Dabelea D, DeMeo DL, Ghantous A, Herceg Z, Kajantie E, Lahti JMT, Lawlor DA, Litonjua A, Nawrot TS, Nohr EA, Oken E, Pizzi C, Plusquin M, Räikkönen K, Relton CL, Sharp GC, Sørensen TIA, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M, Zhang W, Hivert MF, Breton CV. Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Newborn DNA Methylation: Findings From the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics Consortium. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:98-105. [PMID: 31601636 PMCID: PMC6925578 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with adverse outcomes in the offspring. Growing evidence suggests that the epigenome may play a role, but most previous studies have been small and adjusted for few covariates. The current study meta-analyzed the association between maternal GDM and cord blood DNA methylation in the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Seven pregnancy cohorts (3,677 mother-newborn pairs [317 with GDM]) contributed results from epigenome-wide association studies, using DNA methylation data acquired by the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. Associations between GDM and DNA methylation were examined using robust linear regression, with adjustment for potential confounders. Fixed-effects meta-analyses were performed using METAL. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified by taking the intersection of results obtained using two regional approaches: comb-p and DMRcate. RESULTS Two DMRs were identified by both comb-p and DMRcate. Both regions were hypomethylated in newborns exposed to GDM in utero compared with control subjects. One DMR (chr 1: 248100345-248100614) was located in the OR2L13 promoter, and the other (chr 10: 135341870-135342620) was located in the gene body of CYP2E1. Individual CpG analyses did not reveal any differentially methylated loci based on a false discovery rate-adjusted P value threshold of 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Maternal GDM was associated with lower cord blood methylation levels within two regions, including the promoter of OR2L13, a gene associated with autism spectrum disorder, and the gene body of CYP2E1, which is upregulated in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Future studies are needed to understand whether these associations are causal and possible health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bianca Cox
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ruby Fore
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - James Jungius
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Tuomas Kvist
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samantha Lent
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Harriet E Miles
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sheryl Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne P Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Paul Yousefi
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Laboratory of Precision Environmental Biosciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Vaia Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Akram Ghantous
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Eero Kajantie
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Unit for Pediatrics, Dermatology, Clinical Genetics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University for Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari M T Lahti
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, U.K
| | - Augusto Litonjua
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Costanza Pizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Caroline L Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, U.K
| | - Gemma C Sharp
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Section on Metabolic Genetics, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Carrie V Breton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Song BJ, Abdelmegeed MA, Cho YE, Akbar M, Rhim JS, Song MK, Hardwick JP. Contributing Roles of CYP2E1 and Other Cytochrome P450 Isoforms in Alcohol-Related Tissue Injury and Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1164:73-87. [PMID: 31576541 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the roles of alcohol (ethanol) and related compounds in promoting cancer and inflammatory injury in many tissues. Long-term chronic heavy alcohol exposure is known to increase the chances of inflammation, oxidative DNA damage, and cancer development in many organs. The rates of alcohol-mediated organ damage and cancer risks are significantly elevated in the presence of co-morbidity factors such as poor nutrition, unhealthy diets, smoking, infection with bacteria or viruses, and exposure to pro-carcinogens. Chronic ingestion of alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde may initiate and/or promote the development of cancer in the liver, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, prostate, and female breast. In this chapter, we summarize the important roles of ethanol/acetaldehyde in promoting inflammatory injury and carcinogenesis in several tissues. We also review the updated roles of the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) and other cytochrome P450 isozymes in the metabolism of various potentially toxic substrates, and consequent toxicities, including carcinogenesis in different tissues. We also briefly describe the potential implications of endogenous ethanol produced by gut bacteria, as frequently observed in the experimental models and patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in promoting DNA mutation and cancer development in the liver and other tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Mohamed A Abdelmegeed
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johng S Rhim
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Min-Kyung Song
- Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology in the Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
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Hohmann N, Blank A, Burhenne J, Suzuki Y, Mikus G, Haefeli WE. Simultaneous phenotyping of CYP2E1 and CYP3A using oral chlorzoxazone and midazolam microdoses. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 85:2310-2320. [PMID: 31222796 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Chlorzoxazone is the paradigm marker substrate for CYP2E1 phenotyping in vivo. Because at the commonly used milligram doses (250-750 mg) chlorzoxazone acts as an inhibitor of the CYP3A4/5 marker substrate midazolam, previous attempts failed to combine both drugs in a common phenotyping cocktail. Microdosing chlorzoxazone could circumvent this problem. METHOD We enrolled 12 healthy volunteers in a trial investigating the dose-exposure relationship of single ascending chlorzoxazone oral doses over a 10,000-fold range (0.05-500 mg) and assessed the effect of 0.1 and 500 mg of chlorzoxazone on oral midazolam pharmacokinetics (0.003 mg). RESULTS Chlorzoxazone area under the concentration-time curve was dose-linear in the dose range between 0.05 and 5 mg. A nonlinear increase occurred with doses ≥50 mg, probably due to saturated presystemic metabolic elimination. While midazolam area under the concentration-time curve increased 2-fold when coadministered with 500 mg of chlorzoxazone, there was no pharmacokinetic interaction between chlorzoxazone and midazolam microdoses. CONCLUSION The chlorzoxazone microdose did not interact with the CYP3A marker substrate midazolam, enabling the simultaneous administration in a phenotyping cocktail. This microdose assay is now ready to be further validated and tested as a phenotyping procedure assessing the impact of induction and inhibition of CYP2E1 on chlorzoxazone microdose pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Hohmann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antje Blank
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yosuke Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Mikus
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walter E Haefeli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
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Gravel S, Chiasson JL, Turgeon J, Grangeon A, Michaud V. Modulation of CYP450 Activities in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 106:1280-1289. [PMID: 31099895 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a comprehensive in vivo study evaluating the influence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on major cytochrome P450 (CYP450) activities. These activities were assessed in 38 T2D and 35 non-T2D subjects after a single oral administration of a cocktail of probe drugs: 100 mg caffeine (CYP1A2), 100 mg bupropion (CYP2B6), 250 mg tolbutamide (CYP2C9), 20 mg omeprazole (CYP2C19), 30 mg dextromethorphan (CYP2D6), 2 mg midazolam (CYP3As), and 250 mg chlorzoxazone (alone; CYP2E1). Mean metabolic activity for CYP2C19, CYP2B6, and CYP3A was decreased in subjects with T2D by about 46%, 45%, and 38% (P < 0.01), respectively. CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 activities seemed slightly increased in subjects with diabetes, and no difference was observed for CYP2D6 or CYP2E1 activities. Several covariables, such as inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha), genotypes, and diabetes-related and demographic-related factors were considered in our analyses. Our results indicate that low chronic inflammatory status associated with T2D modulates CYP450 activities in an isoform-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Gravel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Chiasson
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques Turgeon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexia Grangeon
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Veronique Michaud
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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A Pilot Study towards the Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on the Expression and Activities of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporters in Human Duodenum. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133257. [PMID: 31269743 PMCID: PMC6651059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize effects of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on mRNA expression levels for 10 Cytochromes P450 (CYP450s), two carboxylesterases, and three drug transporters (ABCB1, ABCG2, SLCO2B1) in human duodenal biopsies. To compare drug metabolizing enzyme activities of four CYP450 isoenzymes in duodenal biopsies from patients with or without T2D. mRNA levels were quantified (RT-qPCR) in human duodenal biopsies obtained from patients with (n = 20) or without (n = 16) T2D undergoing a scheduled gastro-intestinal endoscopy. CYP450 activities were determined following incubation of biopsy homogenates with probe substrates for CYP2B6 (bupropion), CYP2C9 (tolbutamide), CYP2J2 (ebastine), and CYP3A4/5 (midazolam). Covariables related to inflammation, T2D, demographic, and genetics were investigated. T2D had no major effects on mRNA levels of all enzymes and transporters assessed. Formation rates of metabolites (pmoles mg protein−1 min−1) determined by LC-MS/MS for CYP2C9 (0.48 ± 0.26 vs. 0.41 ± 0.12), CYP2J2 (2.16 ± 1.70 vs. 1.69 ± 0.93), and CYP3A (5.25 ± 3.72 vs. 5.02 ± 4.76) were not different between biopsies obtained from individuals with or without T2D (p > 0.05). No CYP2B6 specific activity was measured. TNF-α levels were higher in T2D patients but did not correlate with any changes in mRNA expression levels for drug metabolizing enzymes or transporters in the duodenum. T2D did not modulate expression or activity of tested drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters in the human duodenum. Previously reported changes in drug oral clearances in patients with T2D could be due to a tissue-specific disease modulation occurring in the liver and/or in other parts of the intestines.
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Newsholme P, Keane KN, Carlessi R, Cruzat V. Oxidative stress pathways in pancreatic β-cells and insulin-sensitive cells and tissues: importance to cell metabolism, function, and dysfunction. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C420-C433. [PMID: 31216193 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00141.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is now accepted that nutrient abundance in the blood, especially glucose, leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to increased oxidative stress in a variety of tissues. In the absence of an appropriate compensatory response from antioxidant mechanisms, the cell, or indeed the tissue, becomes overwhelmed by oxidative stress, leading to the activation of intracellular stress-associated pathways. Activation of the same or similar pathways also appears to play a role in mediating insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and late diabetic complications. The ability of antioxidants to protect against the oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia and elevated free fatty acid (FFA) levels in vitro suggests a causative role of oxidative stress in mediating the latter clinical conditions. In this review, we describe common biochemical processes associated with oxidative stress driven by hyperglycemia and/or elevated FFA and the resulting clinical outcomes: β-cell dysfunction and peripheral tissue insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Newsholme
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin N Keane
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Carlessi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vinicius Cruzat
- Faculty of Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gängler S, Waldenberger M, Artati A, Adamski J, van Bolhuis JN, Sørgjerd EP, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk J, Makris KC. Exposure to disinfection byproducts and risk of type 2 diabetes: a nested case-control study in the HUNT and Lifelines cohorts. Metabolomics 2019; 15:60. [PMID: 30963292 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1519-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental chemicals acting as metabolic disruptors have been implicated with diabetogenesis, but evidence is weak among short-lived chemicals, such as disinfection byproducts (trihalomethanes, THM composed of chloroform, TCM and brominated trihalomethanes, BrTHM). OBJECTIVES We assessed whether THM were associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and we explored alterations in metabolic profiles due to THM exposures or T2D status. METHODS A prospective 1:1 matched case-control study (n = 430) and a cross-sectional 1:1 matched case-control study (n = 362) nested within the HUNT cohort (Norway) and the Lifelines cohort (Netherlands), respectively, were set up. Urinary biomarkers of THM exposure and mass spectrometry-based serum metabolomics were measured. Associations between THM, clinical markers, metabolites and disease status were evaluated using logistic regressions with Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator procedure. RESULTS Low median THM exposures (ng/g, IQR) were measured in both cohorts (cases and controls of HUNT and Lifelines, respectively, 193 (76, 470), 208 (77, 502) and 292 (162, 595), 342 (180, 602). Neither BrTHM (OR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.11 | OR = 1.09; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.61), nor TCM (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.2 | OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.35) were associated with incident or prevalent T2D, respectively. Metabolomics showed 48 metabolites associated with incident T2D after adjusting for sex, age and BMI, whereas a total of 244 metabolites were associated with prevalent T2D. A total of 34 metabolites were associated with the progression of T2D. In data driven logistic regression, novel biomarkers, such as cinnamoylglycine or 1-methylurate, being protective of T2D were identified. The incident T2D risk prediction model (HUNT) predicted well incident Lifelines cases (AUC = 0.845; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.97). CONCLUSION Such exposome-based approaches in cohort-nested studies are warranted to better understand the environmental origins of diabetogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Gängler
- Water and Health Laboratory, Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Irenes 95, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Anna Artati
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technical University of Munich, 85350, Freising, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jurjen N van Bolhuis
- Lifelines Research Office, The Lifelines Cohort, Bloemsingel 1, 9713 BZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Forskningsvegen 2, 7600, Levanger, Norway
| | - Jana van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos C Makris
- Water and Health Laboratory, Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Irenes 95, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus.
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Zhang T, Duan J, Zhang L, Li Z, Steer CJ, Yan G, Song G. LXRα Promotes Hepatosteatosis in Part Through Activation of MicroRNA-378 Transcription and Inhibition of Ppargc1β Expression. Hepatology 2019; 69:1488-1503. [PMID: 30281809 PMCID: PMC6519356 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major risk factor of many end-stage liver diseases. Alterations in microRNA expression have been reported in patients with NAFLD. However, the transcriptional mechanism(s) of dysregulated microRNAs under the state of NAFLD is poorly described, and microRNAs that regulate the pathogenesis of NAFLD synergistically with their regulators remain unknown. Here we report that microRNA-378 expression is significantly increased in fatty livers of mice and patients with NAFLD. Although microRNA-378 locates within the intron of Ppargc1β (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-beta), there was a significant uncoupling of Ppargc1β mRNA and microRNA-378 levels in both sources of fatty livers. Further studies identified a full-length primary transcript of microRNA-378. LXRα (liver X receptor alpha) functioned as a transcription activator of microRNA-378 and a repressor of Ppargc1β transcription. It is known that miR-378 is an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and the function of Ppargc1β is opposite to that of miR-378. GW3965 treatment (LXRα agonist) of murine hepatocytes and mice increased microRNA-378 and reduced Ppargc1β, which subsequently impaired FAO and aggravated hepatosteatosis. In contrast, additional treatment of miR-378 inhibitor or Ppargc1β, which knocked down increased miR-378 or recovered expression of Ppargc1β, offset the effects of GW3965. Liver-specific ablation of Lxrα led to decreased miR-378 and increased Ppargc1β, which subsequently improved FAO and reduced hepatosteatosis. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that miR-378 possesses its own transcription machinery, which challenges the well-established dogma that miR-378 transcription is controlled by the promoter of Ppargc1β. LXRα selectively activates transcription of miR-378 and inhibits expression of Ppargc1β, which synergistically impairs FAO. In addition to lipogenesis, impaired FAO by miR-378 in part contributes to LXRα-induced hepatosteatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Zhang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesota
| | - Jiangyan Duan
- School of Life ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityLinfen CityChina
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Emergency SurgeryUnion Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of BiotechnologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Clifford J. Steer
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesota
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and DevelopmentUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota
| | - Guiqin Yan
- School of Life ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityLinfen CityChina
| | - Guisheng Song
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesota
- School of Life ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityLinfen CityChina
- Institute of BiotechnologyShanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina
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Zheng XX, Du Y, Xu BJ, Wang TY, Zhong QQ, Li Z, Ji S, Guo MZ, Yang DZ, Tang DQ. Off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry for the biotransformation kinetics of Ginkgo biloba leaves extract by diabetic rat liver microsomes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1109:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abdelmegeed MA, Ha SK, Choi Y, Akbar M, Song BJ. Role of CYP2E1 in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Hepatic Injury by Alcohol and Non-Alcoholic Substances. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2019; 10:207-225. [PMID: 26278393 DOI: 10.2174/1874467208666150817111114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are two pathological conditions that are spreading worldwide. Both conditions are remarkably similar with regard to the pathophysiological mechanism and progression despite different causes. Oxidative stressinduced mitochondrial dysfunction through post-translational protein modifications and/or mitochondrial DNA damage has been a major risk factor in both AFLD and NAFLD development and progression. Cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1), a known important inducer of oxidative radicals in the cells, has been reported to remarkably increase in both AFLD and NAFLD. Interestingly, CYP2E1 isoforms expressed in both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, likely lead to the deleterious consequences in response to alcohol or in conditions of NAFLD after exposure to high fat diet (HFD) and in obesity and diabetes. Whether CYP2E1 in both ER and mitochondria work simultaneously or sequentially in various conditions and whether mitochondrial CYP2E1 may exert more pronounced effects on mitochondrial dysfunction in AFLD and NAFLD are unclear. The aims of this review are to briefly describe the role of CYP2E1 and resultant oxidative stress in promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and the development or progression of AFLD and NAFLD, to shed a light on the function of the mitochondrial CYP2E1 as compared with the ER-associated CYP2E1. We finally discuss translational research opportunities related to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdelmegeed
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892. United States
| | - Seung-Kwon Ha
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane, Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD. United States
| | - Youngshim Choi
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane, Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD. United States
| | - Mohammed Akbar
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane, Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD. United States
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane, Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD. United States
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Karimani A, Hosseinzadeh H, Mehri S, Jafarian AH, Kamali SA, Hooshang Mohammadpour A, Karimi G. Histopathological and biochemical alterations in non-diabetic and diabetic rats following acrylamide treatment. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1566263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Karimani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Jafarian
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Allard J, Le Guillou D, Begriche K, Fromenty B. Drug-induced liver injury in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2019; 85:75-107. [PMID: 31307592 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is commonly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), a benign condition characterized by hepatic lipid accumulation. However, NAFL can progress in some patients to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and then to severe liver lesions including extensive fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The entire spectrum of these hepatic lesions is referred to as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The transition of simple fatty liver to NASH seems to be favored by several genetic and environmental factors. Different experimental and clinical investigations showed or suggested that obesity and NAFLD are able to increase the risk of hepatotoxicity of different drugs. Some of these drugs may cause more severe and/or more frequent acute liver injury in obese individuals whereas others may trigger the transition of simple fatty liver to NASH or may worsen hepatic lipid accumulation, necroinflammation and fibrosis. This review presents the available information regarding drugs that may cause a specific risk in the context of obesity and NAFLD. These drugs, which belong to different pharmacological classes, include acetaminophen, halothane, methotrexate, rosiglitazone and tamoxifen. For some of these drugs, experimental investigations confirmed the clinical observations and unveiled different pathophysiological mechanisms which may explain why these pharmaceuticals are particularly hepatotoxic in obesity and NAFLD. Because obese people often take several drugs for the treatment of different obesity-related diseases, there is an urgent need to identify the main pharmaceuticals that may cause acute liver injury on a fatty liver background or that may enhance the risk of severe chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Allard
- INSERM, Univ. Rennes, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Rennes, France
| | - Dounia Le Guillou
- INSERM, Univ. Rennes, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Rennes, France
| | - Karima Begriche
- INSERM, Univ. Rennes, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Rennes, France
| | - Bernard Fromenty
- INSERM, Univ. Rennes, INRA, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer) UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Rennes, France.
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Yaribeygi H, Atkin SL, Sahebkar A. A review of the molecular mechanisms of hyperglycemia-induced free radical generation leading to oxidative stress. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:1300-1312. [PMID: 30146696 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is growing worldwide with an increasing morbidity and mortality associated with the development of diabetes complications. Free radical production is a normal biological process that is strictly controlled and has been shown to be important in normal cellular homeostasis, and in the bodies response to pathogens. However, there are several mechanisms leading to excessive free radical production that overcome the normal protective quenching mechanisms. Studies have shown that many of the diabetes complications result from excessive free radical generation and oxidative stress, and it has been shown that chronic hyperglycemia is a potent inducer for free radical production, generated through several pathways and triggering multiple molecular mechanisms. An understanding of these processes may help us to improving our preventive or therapeutic strategies. In this review, the major molecular pathways involved in free radical generation induced by hyperglycemia are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Wu KC, Lin CJ. The regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and membrane transporters by inflammation: Evidences in inflammatory diseases and age-related disorders. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 27:48-59. [PMID: 30648594 PMCID: PMC9298621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and membrane transporters play important roles in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes that determine the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Inflammation has been shown to regulate the expression and function of these drug-processing proteins. Given that inflammation is a common feature of many diseases, in this review, the general mechanisms for inflammation-mediated regulation of DMEs and transporters are described. Also, evidences regarding the aberrant expression of these drug-processing proteins in several inflammatory diseases and age-related disorders are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen F, Li DY, Zhang B, Sun JY, Sun F, Ji X, Qiu JC, Parker RB, Laizure SC, Xu J. Alterations of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters under diabetic conditions: what is the potential clinical significance? Drug Metab Rev 2018; 50:369-397. [PMID: 30221555 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2018.1497645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - De-Yi Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jie-Yu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Chun Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Robert B. Parker
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - S. Casey Laizure
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Elfaki I, Mir R, Almutairi FM, Duhier FMA. Cytochrome P450: Polymorphisms and Roles in Cancer, Diabetes and Atherosclerosis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2057-2070. [PMID: 30139042 PMCID: PMC6171375 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.8.2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochromes P450s (CYPs) constitute a superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the metabolism of drugs and other substances. Endogenous substrates of CYPs include eicosanoids, estradiol, arachidonic acids, cholesterol, vitamin D and neurotransmitters. Exogenous substrates of CYPs include the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and about 80% of currently used drugs. Some isoforms can activate procarcinogens to ultimate carcinogens. Genetic polymorphisms of CYPs may affect the enzyme catalytic activity and have been reported among different populations to be associated with various diseases and adverse drug reactions. With regard of drug metabolism, phenotypes for CYP polymorphism range from ultrarapid to poor metabolizers. In this review, we discuss some of the most clinically important CYPs isoforms (CYP2D6, CYP2A6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP1B1 and CYP1A2) with respect to gene polymorphisms and drug metabolism. Moreover, we review the role of CYPs in renal, lung, breast and prostate cancers and also discuss their significance for atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Gade C, Dalhoff K, Petersen TS, Riis T, Schmeltz C, Chabanova E, Christensen HR, Mikus G, Burhenne J, Holm JC, Holst H. Higher chlorzoxazone clearance in obese children compared with nonobese peers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:1738-1747. [PMID: 29618168 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To test the in vivo activity of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1 in obese children vs. nonobese children, aged 11-18 years. Secondly, whether the activity of CYP2E1 in these patients is associated with NALFD, diabetes or hyperlipidaemia. METHODS Seventy children were divided into groups by body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS). All children received 250 mg oral chlorzoxazone (CLZ) as probe for CYP2E1 activity. Thirteen blood samples and 20-h urine samples were collected per participant. RESULTS Obese children had an increased oral clearance and distribution of CLZ, indicating increased CYP2E1 activity, similar to obese adults. The mean AUC0-∞ value of CLZ was decreased by 46% in obese children compared to nonobese children. The F was was increased twofold in obese children compared to nonobese children, P < 0.0001. Diabetic biomarkers were significantly increased in obese children, while fasting blood glucose and Hba1c levels were nonsignificant between groups. Liver fat content was not associated with CLZ Cl. CONCLUSION Oral clearance of CLZ was increased two-fold in obese children vs. nonobese children aged 11-18 years. This indicates an increased CYP2E1 activity of clinical importance, and dose adjustment should be considered for CLZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gade
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - K Dalhoff
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - T S Petersen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - T Riis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - C Schmeltz
- Children's Obesity Clinic, European Center of Management (EASO). Department of Pediatrics, Zealand University Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark
| | - E Chabanova
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Department of Radiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| | - H R Christensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - G Mikus
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Burhenne
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J C Holm
- The Children's Obesity Clinic, Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbaek, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Holst
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Kadawathagedara M, Botton J, de Lauzon-Guillain B, Meltzer HM, Alexander J, Brantsaeter AL, Haugen M, Papadopoulou E. Dietary acrylamide intake during pregnancy and postnatal growth and obesity: Results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 113:325-334. [PMID: 29398013 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal acrylamide exposure has been negatively associated with fetal growth but the association with child growth is unknown. OBJECTIVES We studied the association between prenatal acrylamide exposure and child postnatal growth up to 8 years in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). METHODS In 51,952 mother-child pairs from MoBa, acrylamide intake during pregnancy was estimated by combining maternal food intake with food concentrations of acrylamide. Mothers reported their child's weight and length/height up to 11 times between 6 weeks and 8 years. Weight and height growth trajectories were modelled using Jenss-Bayley's growth model. Logistic regression models were used to study the association with overweight/obese status at 3, 5 and 8 years, as identified using the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs. Linear mixed-effect models were used to explore associations with overall growth. RESULTS At 3 years, the adjusted odds ratios (95% Confidence Intervals (CI)) of being overweight/obese were 1.10 (1.02, 1.20), 1.12 (1.04, 1.22) and 1.21 (1.11, 1.31) by increasing prenatal acrylamide exposure quartile. Similar dose-response associations were found at 5 and 8 years. Acrylamide intake during pregnancy was associated with higher weight growth velocity in childhood. Children exposed at the highest level had 22 g (95% CI: 8, 37), 57 g (95% CI: 32, 81), and 194 g (95% CI: 110, 278) higher weight at 0.5, 2, and 8 years, respectively, compared to their low exposed peers. CONCLUSIONS Children prenatally exposed to acrylamide in the highest quartile experienced a moderate increase in weight growth velocity during early childhood that resulted in a moderately increased prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to peers in the lowest quartile. Our study is the first to link prenatal acrylamide exposure and postnatal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Kadawathagedara
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early determinants of the child's health and development Team (ORCHAD), Paris F-75014, France; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
| | - Jérémie Botton
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early determinants of the child's health and development Team (ORCHAD), Paris F-75014, France; Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early determinants of the child's health and development Team (ORCHAD), Paris F-75014, France; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Anne Lise Brantsaeter
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margaretha Haugen
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eleni Papadopoulou
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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