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A case of prurigo caused by hair dye containing p-phenylenediamine: histopathological findings. Eur J Dermatol 2021; 31:103-104. [PMID: 33495149 PMCID: PMC8120747 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2020.3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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2
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Yang X, Zhao H, Wang Y, Liu J, Guo M, Fei D, Mu M, Xing M. The Activation of Heat-Shock Protein After Copper(II) and/or Arsenic(III)-Induced Imbalance of Homeostasis, Inflammatory Response in Chicken Rectum. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 195:613-623. [PMID: 31473897 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic and copper, two toxic pollutants, are powerful inducers of oxidative stress. Exposure to copper and arsenic can cause intestinal injury in cockerel. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of these two pollutants on the gastrointestinal tract of cockerels. Experimental results showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and glutathione peroxidase) was inhibited and the ionic balance was destroyed after exposure to copper sulfate (300 mg/kg) and/or arsenic trioxide (30 mg/kg). However, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (nuclear factor kappa-B, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2 synthases) increased markedly. Damages to the biofilm structure and inflammatory cell infiltration were simultaneously observed during histological examination. Heat-shock proteins were also expressed in large quantities after exposure to the poisons. Collectively, exposure to arsenite and/or Cu2+ can cause rectal damage in cockerels, inducing inflammation and an imbalance in immune system responses. Sometimes, exposure to both pollutants can produce even more toxic effects. Heat-shock proteins can protect the tissue from the exotoxins but the specific mechanisms require exploration. After oral ingestion of toxins, the rectum can still be damaged, necessitating attention to the safety of poultry breeding, human food safety, and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjing Zhao
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghao Guo
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxue Fei
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Mu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Implication of T Helper Cytokines in Contact Dermatitis and Atopic Dermatitis. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-020-00263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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4
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Sun Z, Xu Z, Wang D, Yao H, Li S. Selenium deficiency inhibits differentiation and immune function and imbalances the Th1/Th2 of dendritic cells. Metallomics 2019; 10:759-767. [PMID: 29766201 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00039e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) deficiency inhibits immune cell differentiation, affects immune response, and leads to cellular and humoral immune dysfunction. However, the impact of Se deficiency on the differentiation and Th1/Th2 balance of dendritic cells is still unclear. In this study, we replicated a model of Se-deficient chickens by feeding the chickens with a low-Se diet (i.e., the content of Se is 0.008 mg per kg diet). On this basis, we explored the effect of Se deficiency on the differentiation of chicken dendritic cells by induction culture of peripheral blood monocyte cells. We induced chicken dendritic cells by incubating mononuclear cells with a 100 ng mL-1 recombinant chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and 20 ng mL-1 recombinant chicken IL-4 for total 7 days. The results showed that Se deficiency decreased the expression of cell-surface markers including CD11c, CD40, CD86, and MHC II. Furthermore, we analyzed the cytokine profiles using real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA. The results indicated that Se deficiency inhibited the expression of selenoproteins and changed the secretion of IL-10, IL-12p40, and IFN-γ. Additionally, Se deficiency weakened the ability of dendritic cells to stimulate the proliferation of mixed allogeneic lymphocytes. In conclusion, Se deficiency suppressed the differentiation and immune function of chicken dendritic cells by down-regulating the expression of CD11c, CD40, CD86, MHC II, and selenoproteins. The result also showed that the Th1/Th2 imbalance was induced by enhancing the secretion of Th1-type cytokine IL-12p40 and IFN-γ and reducing that of Th2-type cytokine IL-10. Our findings contribute to understanding the mechanism of Se deficiency in the differentiation and immune function of chicken dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhepeng Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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Van Belle AB, Cochez PM, de Heusch M, Pointner L, Opsomer R, Raynaud P, Achouri Y, Hendrickx E, Cheou P, Warnier G, Renauld JC, Baeck M, Dumoutier L. IL-24 contributes to skin inflammation in Para-Phenylenediamine-induced contact hypersensitivity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1852. [PMID: 30755657 PMCID: PMC6372603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is an aromatic amine used in hair dyes and in temporary black henna tattoos, which is a frequent cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). ACD is a skin inflammatory reaction characterized by modifications such as spongiosis, exocytosis and acanthosis. The aim of this study is to characterize the expression and the role of IL-20-related cytokines, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-22 and IL-24, in ACD. The expression of IL19, IL20, IL22 and IL24 is increased in affected skin from PPD allergic patients compared with uninvolved skin. In addition, the expression of these cytokines positively correlates with clinical symptoms. To assess their role in ACD, we set up a mouse model of PPD-induced allergic contact dermatitis and we showed that, in contrast to Il22-deficient mice, Il22ra1-, Il20rb- and Il24-deficient mice are partially protected against development of PPD-induced contact hypersensitivity. These mice have decreased ear thickening and less acanthosis compared with WT mice after PPD treatment. In addition, the absence of IL-22R, IL-20R2 or IL-24 affects the recruitment of neutrophils into the skin but not the total IgE production. Taken together, these results demonstrate the implication of IL-24 via the IL-20R type II receptor in the inflammatory process of ACD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Perrine M Cochez
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Magali de Heusch
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lisa Pointner
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Remi Opsomer
- Institut de Neurosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peggy Raynaud
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Younes Achouri
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emilie Hendrickx
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pamela Cheou
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guy Warnier
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels branch, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Marie Baeck
- Department of Dermatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCL, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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Baeck M, Herman A, de Montjoye L, Hendrickx E, Chéou P, Cochez PM, Dumoutier L. Increased expression of interleukin-9 in patients with allergic contact dermatitis caused byp-phenylenediamine. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 79:346-355. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Baeck
- Department of Dermatology; Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc; Brussels Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC Pôle Pneumologie, ORL, Dermatologie), Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - Anne Herman
- Department of Dermatology; Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc; Brussels Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC Pôle Pneumologie, ORL, Dermatologie), Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - Laurence de Montjoye
- Department of Dermatology; Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc; Brussels Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC Pôle Pneumologie, ORL, Dermatologie), Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - Emilie Hendrickx
- de Duve Institute, MEXP Unit, Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - Paméla Chéou
- de Duve Institute, MEXP Unit, Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - Perrine M. Cochez
- de Duve Institute, MEXP Unit, Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- de Duve Institute, MEXP Unit, Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
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Calogiuri G, Di Leo E, Butani L, Pizzimenti S, Incorvaia C, Macchia L, Nettis E. Hypersensitivity reactions due to black henna tattoos and their components: are the clinical pictures related to the immune pathomechanism? Clin Mol Allergy 2017; 15:8. [PMID: 28400706 PMCID: PMC5385600 DOI: 10.1186/s12948-017-0063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersensitivity to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) and related compounds induced by temporary black henna tattoos has become a serious health problem worldwide. Different patterns of sensitization with various clinical aspects are described in literature due to PPD associated to henna tattoo and these manifestations are likely correlated with the immunological and dermatological pathomechanisms involved. Henna is the Persian name of the plant Lawsonia inermis, Fam. Lythraceae. It is a woody shrub that grow in regions of North Africa, South Asia, India and Sri Lanka. Nowadays it is rather frequent to see temporary "tattoos" performed with henna. To make tattoos darker and long-lasting PPD has been associated to henna in tattoo drawings mixtures, so obtaining "black henna". In these years there has been a rise of contact sensitization to PPD and in medical literature an increased number of cases have been reported on temporary henna tattoo application. Here we review the various clinical patterns related to PPD and henna tattoo, to investigate the possible link between clinic-morphological pictures and the immunological response to PPD and henna. The literature underlines that different clinical manifestations are related to black henna containing PPD, and its derivative products may cause delayed-type as well as immediate-type reactions. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between clinical and morphological aspects of PPD contact dermatitis and the T cell subsets predominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Calogiuri
- Pneumology and Allergy Department, Hospital Sacro Cuore, Gallipoli, Lecce, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Leo
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Unit of Internal Medicine-“F. Miulli” Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti, Bari, Italy
| | - Lavjay Butani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA
| | - Stefano Pizzimenti
- Allergy Outpatients’ Clinic, ASL-TO3, Ospedale Civile “E. Agnelli”, Pinerolo, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Macchia
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Eustachio Nettis
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Para-Phenylenediamine Induces Apoptotic Death of Melanoma Cells and Reduces Melanoma Tumour Growth in Mice. Biochem Res Int 2016; 2016:3137010. [PMID: 27293892 PMCID: PMC4886052 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3137010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer, usually resistant to standard chemotherapeutics. Despite a huge number of clinical trials, any success to find a chemotherapeutic agent that can effectively destroy melanoma is yet to be achieved. Para-phenylenediamine (p-PD) in the hair dyes is reported to purely serve as an external dyeing agent. Very little is known about whether p-PD has any effect on the melanin producing cells. We have demonstrated p-PD mediated apoptotic death of both human and mouse melanoma cells in vitro. Mouse melanoma tumour growth was also arrested by the apoptotic activity of intraperitoneal administration of p-PD with almost no side effects. This apoptosis is shown to occur primarily via loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and caspase 8 activation. p-PD mediated apoptosis was also confirmed by the increase in sub-G0/G1 cell number. Thus, our experimental observation suggests that p-PD can be a potential less expensive candidate to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent for melanoma.
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Baeck M, Soria A, Marot L, Theate I, Hendrickx E, Van Belle A, Goossens A, Tennstedt D, Dachelet C, Jaeger J, Pilette C, Renauld JC, Van Baren N, Rozières A, Nicolas JF, Dumoutier L. Characterization of the T cell response in allergic contact dermatitis caused by corticosteroids. Contact Dermatitis 2013; 68:357-68. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Takita E, Yokota S, Tahara Y, Hirao A, Aoki N, Nakamura Y, Nakao A, Shibata S. Biological clock dysfunction exacerbates contact hypersensitivity in mice. Br J Dermatol 2012; 168:39-46. [PMID: 22834538 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11176.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immediate-type skin allergic reactions, such as passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction, are associated with circadian rhythm, but the role of circadian mechanisms on delayed-type skin allergic reactions, such as contact hypersensitivity (CHS), remains uncertain. In mice, CHS, a T-cell-mediated immune response, is a classic model of human allergic contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether biological clock dysfunction affects CHS pathogenesis in CLOCK mutant mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. METHODS Mice were treated with 2,4,6-trinitro-1-chlorobenzene (TNCB) on the abdominal skin on day 0 (sensitization) and then treated with TNCB on the ears on day 5 (challenge). RESULTS We found that biological clock dysfunction resulted in severe inflammation. Ear swelling, serum immunoglobulin E level and mast cell number were significantly increased in CLOCK mutant mice compared with WT mice. These results provide evidence that CLOCK mutation promotes the T-helper type 2 immune response and exacerbates CHS. Corticosterone has a protective effect on CHS. The serum corticosterone level lost rhythmicity and showed a decreased daily level in CLOCK mutant mice compared with WT mice, supporting the exacerbating effect of CLOCK mutation on CHS. Adrenalectomy markedly worsened TNCB-induced CHS in WT mice but not in CLOCK mutant mice. In addition, dramatic dexamethasone-induced protection of CHS was observed in CLOCK mutant mice compared with WT mice. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that circadian rhythm might be an important factor in the regulation of CHS via corticosterone rhythmicity and/or level.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Takita
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Hirasaki Y, Iwamura C, Yamashita M, Ito T, Kitajima M, Shinoda K, Namiki T, Terasawa K, Nakayama T. Repressor of GATA negatively regulates murine contact hypersensitivity through the inhibition of type-2 allergic responses. Clin Immunol 2011; 139:267-76. [PMID: 21398189 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Repressor of GATA (ROG) inhibits Th2 cell differentiation and allergic airway inflammation in the lung. To determine the role of ROG in the pathogenesis of contact hypersensitivity (CHS), a hapten-induced mouse model of CHS using ROG Tg and ROG-deficient (ROG(-/-)) was used. ROG Tg mice showed little ear swelling, while ROG(-/-) mice showed enhanced ear swelling in comparison to wild type mice. Interstitial edema and mast cell degranulation at the local inflammation sites were mild in ROG Tg mice and exacerbated in ROG(-/-) mice. In addition, the serum total IgE and hapten-specific IgG1 levels were increased in ROG(-/-) mice. Adoptive transfer of ROG(-/-) CD4(+) T cells exacerbated CHS in wild type mice, while transfer of ROG Tg CD4(+) T cells resulted in the attenuation of CHS. These results indicate ROG negatively regulates the induction of CHS by controlling the CD4(+) T cell-mediated allergic responses, including IgE generation and mast cell degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Hirasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Satou N, Ishihara K, Hiratsuka M, Hirasawa N. Induction of thymic stromal lymphopoietin by chemical compounds in vivo and exacerbation of allergy. Inflamm Regen 2011. [DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.31.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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13
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Coulter EM, Jenkinson C, Farrell J, Lavergne SN, Pease C, White A, Aleksic M, Basketter D, Williams DP, King C, Pirmohamed M, Kevin Park B, Naisbitt DJ. Measurement of CD4+ and CD8+ T-Lymphocyte Cytokine Secretion and Gene Expression Changes in p-Phenylenediamine Allergic Patients and Tolerant Individuals. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130:161-74. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2009.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hirasawa N, Ohsawa Y, Ishihara K, Seyama T, Hong J, Ohuchi K. Analysis of the Mechanism for the Development of Allergic Skin Inflammation and the Application for Its Treatment: Establishment of a Modified Allergic Dermatitis Model in Mouse Ear Lobes by Application of 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol 13-Acetate: Putative Involvement of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Roles of Histamine. J Pharmacol Sci 2009; 110:245-50. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.09r03fm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
Mice lacking heterogenous nuclear ribonuclear protein D (Hnrnpd), also known as Auf1, a regulator of inflammatory cytokine mRNA stability, develop chronic dermatitis with age that is characterized by pruritus and excoriations. Histological analysis showed marked epidermal acanthosis and spongiosis, neovascularization, and elevated number of inflammatory cells, including T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, and eosinophils. Hnrnpd-deficient (Hnrnpd(tm1Rjsc)) mice with dermatitis display elevated serum IgE levels. Lesions in Hnrnpd(tm1Rjsc) mice were associated with a shift towards a Th(2) immune environment. Evaluation of T-cell-mediated skin inflammation by assaying contact hypersensitivity indicated an increased response in Hnrnpd(tm1Rjsc) mice. T cells and macrophages from Hnrnpd(tm1Rjsc) mice demonstrate a number of abnormalities associated with dermatitis, including increased IL2, tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), and IL1beta production. Finally, many features of spontaneous dermatitis could be recapitulated in experimentally induced lesions by subcutaneous injection of CCL27 and TNF in unaffected Hnrnpd(tm1Rjsc) mice. Collectively, these data highlight the importance of HNRNPD and proper regulation of mRNA stability in the intricate processes of leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory activation within the skin.
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Navi D, Saegusa J, Liu FT. Mast Cells and Immunological Skin Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2007; 33:144-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-007-0029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kimura T. Contact hypersensitivity to stainless steel cages (chromium metal) in hairless descendants of mexican hairless dogs. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2007; 22:176-84. [PMID: 17366565 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Canine allergic contact hypersensitivity is an uncommon skin disease as compared with human beings because hair coat is a good natural barrier to environmental contactants. In our colony of hairless dogs housed in stainless steel cages, we have encountered spontaneously occurring contact hypersensitivity. The author has attempted to study the toxicological effects of environmental sensitizing substances on the canine skin. The purpose of this study is to elucidate dermatological characteristics in canine species with contact hypersensitivity. This skin lesion was investigated by patch tests, macroscopic observations, and histopathological examinations. Patch tests exhibited positive reactions to potassium dichromate. Macroscopically, early lesions were macules and/or papules and they gradually progressed to severe inflammatory dermatitis over the dorsum. In the chronic phase, lichenification, kyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation, dryness, scaliness, and fissuring were observed in the skin. Avoidance of contact with the stainless steel cages resulted in clinical improvement. Histopathologically, the epidermis apparently showed hyperkeratosis, thickening, hyperplasia, and rete ridge formation. Lichenified lesions had clumps of melanin granules in the stratum basale and spinosum. In the dermis, there was marked edema and dense mononuclear cell infiltration. Vasodilation, hemorrhage, and hyperplasia of sebaceous glands were also found. Both dermal mast cells and epidermal Langerhans cells significantly increased in the skin lesions, as compared with nonlesional sites. The present results revealed that constant contact with stainless steel cages (chromium metal) caused contact hypersensitivity in hairless dogs with very sparse hairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Kimura
- Center for Experimental Animals, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 38, Nishigo-naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
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Campos RA, Szczepanik M, Itakura A, Lisbonne M, Dey N, Leite-de-Moraes MC, Askenase PW. Interleukin-4-dependent innate collaboration between iNKT cells and B-1 B cells controls adaptative contact sensitivity. Immunology 2006; 117:536-47. [PMID: 16556268 PMCID: PMC1782258 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2006.02330.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We showed that hepatic Valpha14+ invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, via their rapid interleukin (IL)-4 production, activate B-1 cells to initiate contact sensitivity (CS). This innate collaboration was absent in IL-4(-/-) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-6(-/-) mice and was inhibited by anti-IL-4 treatment. These mice have defective CS because they fail to locally recruit the sensitized effector T cells of acquired immunity. Their CS is reconstituted by transfer of downstream-acting 1-day immune B-1 cells from wild-type mice. Responses were not reconstituted with B-1 cells from IL-4 receptor-alpha(-/-) or STAT-6(-/-) mice, nor by IL-4 treatment of B cell-deficient mice at immunization. Finally, IL-4 was preferentially and transiently produced by hepatic iNKT cells within 7 min after sensitization to mediate collaboration between innate-like iNKT cells and the B-1 B cells that participate in the recruitment of effector T cells in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/analysis
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Cell Communication/immunology
- Dermatitis, Contact/etiology
- Dermatitis, Contact/immunology
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/analysis
- Immune Tolerance/immunology
- Interleukin-4/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-4/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Liver/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Picryl Chloride
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/analysis
- Receptors, Interleukin-4/immunology
- STAT6 Transcription Factor/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Regis A Campos
- Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8013, USA
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Sumi K, Yokozeki H, Wu MH, Satoh T, Kaneda Y, Takeda K, Akira S, Nishioka K. In vivo transfection of a cis element 'decoy' against signal transducers and activators of the transcription 6 (STAT6) binding site ameliorates the response of contact hypersensitivity. Gene Ther 2005; 11:1763-71. [PMID: 15306843 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We herein demonstrate that STAT6 plays an important role in the induction of not only acute contact hypersensitivity (CHS), but also chronic CHS in a mouse model using STAT6-deficient (STAT6(-/-)) mice. We, therefore, determine whether synthetic double-stranded DNA with a high affinity for STAT6 can be introduced in vivo as a decoy cis element to bind the transcriptional factor and block the induction of not only acute CHS but also chronic CHS. Treatment by the transfection of STAT6 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), after the induction of 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene or other haptens had a significant inhibitory effect on the induction of both acute CHS and chronic CHS. We thus examined the mechanism of the in vivo effect of the transfection of STAT6 decoy ODN in both acute and chronic CHS. In the histological analysis, the infiltration of eosinophils and degranulated mast cells, and the production of IL-4, IL-6 and eotaxin, but not IFN-gamma in the extracts from challenged skin significantly decreased by the transfection of STAT6 decoy ODN. We herein report the first successful in vivo transfer of STAT6 decoy ODN to inhibit acute and chronic CHS, thus providing a new therapeutic strategy not only for the treatment of CHS but also for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sumi
- Department of Environmental Immunodermatology, Postgraduate School, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Watanabe H, Mamelak AJ, Wang B, Howell BG, Freed I, Esche C, Nakayama M, Nagasaki G, Hicklin DJ, Kerbel RS, Sauder DN. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (Flk-1/KDR) antibody suppresses contact hypersensitivity. Exp Dermatol 2004; 13:671-81. [PMID: 15500639 DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.00240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The angiogenic mediator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs) have been studied extensively in neoplastic disease and some inflammatory conditions. Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is a prototypic Langerhans' cell-dependent, T-helper (Th) 1 cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease that is now also thought to involve angiogenic mediators. The purpose of our study was to examine the role of angiogenesis and VEGF in CHS. We demonstrated that VEGF production is up-regulated in murine skin after challenge with dinitrofluorobenzene. Administration of a monoclonal antibody directed against the VEGFR-2 (DC101) resulted in a 28.8% decrease in CHS response (P < 0.001). Examination of the DC101-treated mouse skin 24 h after challenge revealed decreases in dermal inflammatory cellular infiltrates and total vessel area. Furthermore, mRNA and protein of the Th1-type cytokine interferon (IFN)-gamma was significantly down-regulated in skin of DC101-treated animals 24 h after challenge. The results of the study demonstrate that VEGFR-2 blockade significantly reduces vascular enlargement and edema formation and effects IFN-gamma expression in the skin during challenge in CHS. Our findings suggest that DC101 could function by reducing inflammatory cell migration and hence IFN-gamma expression during the CHS response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287-0900, USA
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