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Mol S, Taanman-Kueter EWM, van der Steen BA, Groot Kormelink T, van de Sande MGH, Tas SW, Wauben MHM, de Jong EC. Hyaluronic Acid in Synovial Fluid Prevents Neutrophil Activation in Spondyloarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043066. [PMID: 36834478 PMCID: PMC9964069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients suffer from joint inflammation resulting in tissue damage, characterized by the presence of numerous neutrophils in the synovium and synovial fluid (SF). As it is yet unclear to what extent neutrophils contribute to the pathogenesis of SpA, we set out to study SF neutrophils in more detail. We analyzed the functionality of SF neutrophils of 20 SpA patients and 7 disease controls, determining ROS production and degranulation in response to various stimuli. In addition, the effect of SF on neutrophil function was determined. Surprisingly, our data show that SF neutrophils in SpA patients have an inactive phenotype, despite the presence of many neutrophil-activating stimuli such as GM-CSF and TNF in SF. This was not due to exhaustion as SF neutrophils readily responded to stimulation. Therefore, this finding suggests that one or more inhibitors of neutrophil activation may be present in SF. Indeed, when blood neutrophils from healthy donors were activated in the presence of increasing concentrations of SF from SpA patients, degranulation and ROS production were dose-dependently inhibited. This effect was independent of diagnosis, gender, age, and medication in the patients from which the SF was isolated. Treatment of SF with the enzyme hyaluronidase strongly reduced the inhibitory effect of SF on neutrophil activation, indicating that hyaluronic acid that is present in SF may be an important factor in preventing SF neutrophil activation. This finding provides novel insights into the role of soluble factors in SF regulating neutrophil function and may lead to the development of novel therapeutics targeting neutrophil activation via hyaluronic acid or associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne Mol
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther W. M. Taanman-Kueter
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Baltus A. van der Steen
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Groot Kormelink
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen G. H. van de Sande
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander W. Tas
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marca H. M. Wauben
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther C. de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-20-5664963
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Grieshaber-Bouyer R, Exner T, Hackert NS, Radtke FA, Jelinsky SA, Halyabar O, Wactor A, Karimizadeh E, Brennan J, Schettini J, Jonsson H, Rao DA, Henderson LA, Müller-Tidow C, Lorenz HM, Wabnitz G, Lederer JA, Hadjipanayis A, Nigrovic PA. Ageing and interferon gamma response drive the phenotype of neutrophils in the inflamed joint. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:805-814. [PMID: 35168946 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neutrophils are typically the most abundant leucocyte in arthritic synovial fluid. We sought to understand changes that occur in neutrophils as they migrate from blood to joint. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing of neutrophils from healthy human blood, arthritic blood and arthritic synovial fluid, comparing transcriptional signatures with those from murine K/BxN serum transfer arthritis. We employed mass cytometry to quantify protein expression and sought to reproduce the synovial fluid phenotype ex vivo in cultured healthy blood neutrophils. RESULTS Blood neutrophils from healthy donors and patients with active arthritis showed largely similar transcriptional signatures. By contrast, synovial fluid neutrophils exhibited more than 1600 differentially expressed genes. Gene signatures identified a prominent response to interferon gamma (IFN-γ), as well as to tumour necrosis factor, interleukin-6 and hypoxia, in both humans and mice. Mass cytometry confirmed that healthy and arthritic donor blood neutrophils are largely indistinguishable but revealed a range of neutrophil phenotypes in synovial fluid defined by downregulation of CXCR1 and upregulation of FcγRI, HLA-DR, PD-L1, ICAM-1 and CXCR4. Reproduction of key elements of this signature in cultured blood neutrophils required both IFN-γ and prolonged culture. CONCLUSIONS Circulating neutrophils from patients with arthritis resemble those from healthy controls, but joint fluid cells exhibit a network of changes, conserved across species, that implicate IFN-γ response and ageing as complementary drivers of the synovial fluid neutrophil phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Grieshaber-Bouyer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V (Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany .,Institute for Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tarik Exner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V (Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolaj S Hackert
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V (Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix A Radtke
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V (Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott A Jelinsky
- Computational Systems Immunology, Worldwide Research & Development, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Olha Halyabar
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandra Wactor
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elham Karimizadeh
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Brennan
- Computational Systems Immunology, Worldwide Research & Development, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jorge Schettini
- Computational Systems Immunology, Worldwide Research & Development, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Helena Jonsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Deepak A Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren A Henderson
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Medicine V (Hematology Oncology Rheumatology), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanns-Martin Lorenz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine V (Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guido Wabnitz
- Institute for Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - James A Lederer
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Angela Hadjipanayis
- Computational Systems Immunology, Worldwide Research & Development, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA .,Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Chalayer E, Gramont B, Zekre F, Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Grange L, Paul S, Chung AW, Killian M. Fc receptors gone wrong: A comprehensive review of their roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:103016. [PMID: 34915182 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases have a complex and only partially known pathophysiology with various abnormalities involving all the components of the immune system. Among these components, antibodies, and especially autoantibodies are key elements contributing to autoimmunity. The interaction of antibody fragment crystallisable (Fc) and several distinct receptors, namely Fc receptors (FcRs), have gained much attention during the recent years, with possible major therapeutic perspectives for the future. The aim of this review is to comprehensively describe the known roles for FcRs (activating and inhibitory FcγRs, neonatal FcR [FcRn], FcαRI, FcεRs, Ro52/tripartite motif containing 21 [Ro52/TRIM21], FcδR, and the novel Fc receptor-like [FcRL] family) in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, namely rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, mixed connective tissue disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, immunoglobulin (Ig) A vasculitis, Behçet's disease, Kawasaki disease, IgG4-related disease, immune thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Chalayer
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM U1059-Sainbiose, dysfonction vasculaire et hémostase, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Baptiste Gramont
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Franck Zekre
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Roman Goguyer-Deschaumes
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Lucile Grange
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Amy W Chung
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Killian
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France.
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4
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Wright HL, Lyon M, Chapman EA, Moots RJ, Edwards SW. Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fluid Neutrophils Drive Inflammation Through Production of Chemokines, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Front Immunol 2021; 11:584116. [PMID: 33469455 PMCID: PMC7813679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting synovial joints. Neutrophils are believed to play an important role in both the initiation and progression of RA, and large numbers of activated neutrophils are found within both synovial fluid (SF) and synovial tissue from RA joints. In this study we analyzed paired blood and SF neutrophils from patients with severe, active RA (DAS28>5.1, n=3) using RNA-seq. 772 genes were significantly different between blood and SF neutrophils. IPA analysis predicted that SF neutrophils had increased expression of chemokines and ROS production, delayed apoptosis, and activation of signaling cascades regulating the production of NETs. This activated phenotype was confirmed experimentally by incubating healthy control neutrophils in cell-free RA SF, which was able to delay apoptosis and induce ROS production in both unprimed and TNFα primed neutrophils (p<0.05). RA SF significantly increased neutrophil migration through 3μM transwell chambers (p<0.05) and also increased production of NETs by healthy control neutrophils (p<0.001), including exposure of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and citrullinated histone-H3-positive DNA NETs. IPA analysis predicted NET production was mediated by signaling networks including AKT, RAF1, SRC, and NF-κB. Our results expand the understanding of the molecular changes that take place in the neutrophil transcriptome during migration into inflamed joints in RA, and the altered phenotype in RA SF neutrophils. Specifically, RA SF neutrophils lose their migratory properties, residing within the joint to generate signals that promote joint damage, as well as inflammation via recruitment and activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells. We propose that this activated SF neutrophil phenotype contributes to the chronic inflammation and progressive damage to cartilage and bone observed in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L. Wright
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Max Lyon
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Elinor A. Chapman
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Moots
- Department of Rheumatology, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Steven W. Edwards
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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5
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Wu S, Peng W, Liang X, Wang W. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies are associated with neutrophil extracellular trap formation in rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 35:e23662. [PMID: 33249645 PMCID: PMC7957993 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We evaluated the associations of anti‐citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) and serological and cytological levels of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods Serum levels of myeloperoxidase‐DNA and elastase‐DNA complexes (NET remnants) were examined in 51 patients with RA and 40 healthy controls using a modified enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Neutrophils were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. IgG antibodies were purified by affinity chromatography. NET formation in RA and control neutrophils was assessed by microscopy in vitro. NETs were purified and co‐incubated with fibroblast‐like synoviocyte (FLS) cells. Interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8 mRNA expression and protein levels in FLS cells were determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results In RA patients, NET remnants in the peripheral circulation were higher in extremely high ACPA titers when compared to in moderate ACPA titers. And IgG antibodies containing ACPA can stimulate neutrophils to form NETs in a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, significantly higher expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and IL‐8 is detected after FLS cells interacted with NETs which derived from neutrophils stimulated with ACPA‐containing IgG antibodies. Conclusions Anti‐citrullinated protein antibodies may enhance NET formation and contribute to inflammation development in RA by stimulating NET formation, such as by subsequent activation of FLS cells by NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wanchan Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianghui Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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6
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Glennon-Alty L, Moots RJ, Edwards SW, Wright HL. Type I interferon regulates cytokine-delayed neutrophil apoptosis, reactive oxygen species production and chemokine expression. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 203:151-159. [PMID: 32990354 PMCID: PMC7806414 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are key regulators of a number of inflammatory conditions in which neutrophils play an important role in pathology, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where type I IFNs are implicated in disease pathology. However, IFNs are usually generated in vivo together with other cytokines that also have immunoregulatory functions, but such interactions are poorly defined experimentally. We measured the effects of type I (IFN-α) IFN, elevated in both RA and SLE, on the functions of healthy neutrophils incubated in vitro in the absence and presence of proinflammatory cytokines typically elevated in inflammatory diseases [tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)]. IFN-α alone had no effect on neutrophil apoptosis; however, it abrogated the anti-apoptotic effect of GM-CSF (18 h, P < 0·01). The enhanced stability of the anti-apoptotic protein myeloid cell leukaemia 1 (Mcl-1) and delayed activation of caspase activation normally regulated by GM-CSF were blocked by IFN-α: this effect was mediated, in part, by activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). IFN-α alone also primed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and maintained the transient priming effect of TNF-α for up to 4 h: it also down-regulated GM-CSF- and TNF-α-activated expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL8, CCL3 and CCL4 but, in contrast, increased the expression of CXCL10. These novel data identify complex regulatory signalling networks in which type I IFNs profoundly alter the response of neutrophils to inflammatory cytokines. This is likely to have important consequences in vivo and may explain the complexity and heterogeneity of inflammatory diseases such as RA, in which multiple cytokine cascades have been activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Glennon-Alty
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.,Liverpool Health Partners, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - R J Moots
- Department of Rheumatology, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - S W Edwards
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - H L Wright
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
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7
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Wu CY, Yang HY, Lai JH. Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Biological Effects and Mechanisms of Immunopathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114015. [PMID: 32512739 PMCID: PMC7312469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with high anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) titers have an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although our knowledge of the generation and production of ACPAs has continuously advanced during the past decade, our understanding on the pathogenic mechanisms of how ACPAs interact with immune cells to trigger articular inflammation is relatively limited. Citrullination disorders drive the generation and maintenance of ACPAs, with profound clinical significance in patients with RA. The loss of tolerance to citrullinated proteins, however, is essential for ACPAs to exert their pathogenicity. N-linked glycosylation, cross-reactivity and the structural interactions of ACPAs with their citrullinated antigens further direct their biological functions. Although questions remain in the pathogenicity of ACPAs acting as agonists for a receptor-mediated response, immune complex (IC) formation, complement system activation, crystallizable fragment gamma receptor (FcγR) activation, cross-reactivity to joint cartilage and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-related mechanisms have all been suggested recently. This paper presents a critical review of the characteristics and possible biological effects and mechanisms of the immunopathogenesis of ACPAs in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yi Wu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Haung Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-8791-8382; Fax: +886-2-8791-8382
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8
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Jung N, Bueb JL, Tolle F, Bréchard S. Regulation of neutrophil pro-inflammatory functions sheds new light on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:170-180. [PMID: 30862503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For more than two centuries now, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is under investigation intending to discover successful treatment. Despite decades of scientific advances, RA is still representing a challenge for contemporary medicine. Current drug therapies allow to improve significantly the quality of life of RA patients; however, they are still insufficient to reverse tissue injury and are often generating side-effects. The difficulty arises from the considerable fluctuation of the clinical course of RA among patients, making the predictive prognosis difficult. More and more studies underline the profound influence of the neutrophil multifaceted functions in the pathogenesis of RA. This renewed interest in the complexity of neutrophil functions in RA offers new exciting opportunities for valuable therapeutic targets as well as for safe and well-tolerated RA treatments. In this review, we aim to update the recent findings on the multiple facets of neutrophils in RA, in particular their impact in promoting the RA-based inflammation through the release of the cytokine-like S100A8/A9 protein complex, as well as the importance of NETosis in the disease progression and development. Furthermore, we delve into the complex question of neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity and discuss the emerging role of miRNAs and epigenetic markers influencing the inflammatory response of neutrophils in RA and how they could constitute the starting point for novel attractive targets in RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jung
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - J-L Bueb
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - F Tolle
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - S Bréchard
- Life Sciences Research Unit, Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases group, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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9
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Leong JY, Guan YJ, Albani S, Arkachaisri T. Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and their potential clinical implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018; 14:933-944. [PMID: 30269617 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2018.1529757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) comprises systemic and non-systemic forms of chronic childhood arthritis diagnosed prior to age 16. Significant improvement in treatment outcomes has been witnessed since the introduction of biologics. In particular, advances in research in the area of multidimensional interrogation and network analysis have facilitated understanding of the complex cacophony of components orchestrating disease immunopathogenesis. Areas covered: In this review, we will examine the scientific advances that have augmented our understanding of JIA pathogenesis, focusing on the progress made in systemic, poly, and oligo JIA in four major aspects: (a) unraveling the pathogenic mechanisms, (b) disease classification, (c) therapeutic selection, and (d) decision for withdrawal of medications after achieving remission. Expert commentary: Dysregulation of innate immune cell physiology and function in sJIA will be highlighted. MicroRNAs contribute to monocyte/macrophage polarization with resulting consequences on macrophage activation syndrome development. The involvement of neutrophils, a major source of S100A8/9/12, in the active inflammatory phase of sJIA is compelling. In non-sJIA, circulating CD4 subsets in T effector and regulatory compartments possessing a strong synovial T-cell receptor coverage and disease activity correlation, acted as an accessible reservoir of pathogenic cells exploitable for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yao Leong
- a Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre , Singapore
| | - Yeo Joo Guan
- a Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre , Singapore.,b Rheumatology and Immunology Service, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties , KK Women's and Children's Hospital , Singapore.,c Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore
| | - Salvatore Albani
- a Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre , Singapore.,b Rheumatology and Immunology Service, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties , KK Women's and Children's Hospital , Singapore.,c Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore
| | - Thaschawee Arkachaisri
- b Rheumatology and Immunology Service, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties , KK Women's and Children's Hospital , Singapore.,c Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore
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10
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Ramanathan K, Glaser A, Lythgoe H, Ong J, Beresford MW, Midgley A, Wright HL. Neutrophil activation signature in juvenile idiopathic arthritis indicates the presence of low-density granulocytes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 57:488-498. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Ramanathan
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Eaton Road
| | - Anna Glaser
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Eaton Road
| | - Hanna Lythgoe
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Eaton Road
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Joanne Ong
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Eaton Road
| | - Michael W Beresford
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Eaton Road
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Angela Midgley
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Institute in the Park, Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Eaton Road
| | - Helen L Wright
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, Liverpool, UK
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11
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Hornum L, Hansen AJ, Tornehave D, Fjording MS, Colmenero P, Wätjen IF, Søe Nielsen NH, Bliddal H, Bartels EM. C5a and C5aR are elevated in joints of rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis patients, and C5aR blockade attenuates leukocyte migration to synovial fluid. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189017. [PMID: 29220376 PMCID: PMC5722346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement activation correlates to rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, and increased amounts of the complement split product C5a is observed in synovial fluids from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Blockade of C5a or its receptor (C5aR) is efficacious in several arthritis models. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of C5a and C5aR in human rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis–both with respect to expression and function. Synovial fluid, blood and synovial samples were obtained from rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and osteoarthritis patients as a less inflammatory arthritis type, and blood from healthy subjects. Cells infiltrating synovial tissue were analysed by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. SF and blood were analysed for biomarkers by flow cytometry or ELISA. The effect of a blocking anti-human C5aR mAb on leukocyte migration was determined using a Boyden chamber. Appropriate statistical tests were applied for comparisons. C5aR+ cells were detected in most rheumatoid arthritis, in all psoriatic arthritis, but not in non-inflammatory control synovia. C5aR+ cells were primarily neutrophils and macrophages. C5aR+ macrophages were mainly found in lymphoid aggregates in close contact with T cells. C5a levels were increased in both rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis synovial fluid compared to osteoarthritis, and in blood from rheumatoid arthritis compared to healthy subjects. Neutrophil and monocyte migration to rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid was significantly inhibited by anti-C5aR. The data support that the C5a-C5aR axis may be driving the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the synovial fluid and synovium in both rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, and suggest that C5a or C5aR may be a promising treatment target in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paula Colmenero
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Inger Falbe Wätjen
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Henning Bliddal
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Else Marie Bartels
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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12
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Manukyan G, Papajik T, Gajdos P, Mikulkova Z, Urbanova R, Gabcova G, Kudelka M, Turcsányi P, Ryznerova P, Prochazka V, Kriegova E. Neutrophils in chronic lymphocytic leukemia are permanently activated and have functional defects. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84889-84901. [PMID: 29156691 PMCID: PMC5689581 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of studies highlights involvement of neutrophils in cancer development and progression. Our aim was to assess the phenotypic and functional properties of circulating neutrophils from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The percentage of CD54+ and CD64+ neutrophils as well as CD54 expression on these cells were higher in CLL patients than in age-matched healthy controls. Neutrophils from CLL produced more reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to controls in both resting and activated conditions. Lipopolysaccharide-induced production of IL-1β and TNF-a as well as reduced TLR2 expression in neutrophils from CLL than in neutrophils from controls suggesting their tolerant state. Finally, phenotypic alterations of neutrophils, particularly elevation of CD64 and CD54 markers, correlated with disease activity and treatment, and low percentage of neutrophils. Taken together, the alterations in percentage and functional characteristics of neutrophils reflect the clinical course of CLL. Our data provide first evidence that neutrophils in CLL are permanently primed and have functional defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayane Manukyan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Tomas Papajik
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Gajdos
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikulkova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Urbanova
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Gabcova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milos Kudelka
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Turcsányi
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Ryznerova
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Prochazka
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kriegova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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13
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Vermeren S, Miles K, Chu JY, Salter D, Zamoyska R, Gray M. PTPN22 Is a Critical Regulator of Fcγ Receptor-Mediated Neutrophil Activation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 197:4771-4779. [PMID: 27807193 PMCID: PMC5136470 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils act as a first line of defense against bacterial and fungal infections, but they are also important effectors of acute and chronic inflammation. Genome-wide association studies have established that the gene encoding the protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 22 (PTPN22) makes an important contribution to susceptibility to autoimmune disease, notably rheumatoid arthritis. Although PTPN22 is most highly expressed in neutrophils, its function in these cells remains poorly characterized. We show in this article that neutrophil effector functions, including adhesion, production of reactive oxygen species, and degranulation induced by immobilized immune complexes, were reduced in Ptpn22-/- neutrophils. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Lyn and Syk was altered in Ptpn22-/- neutrophils. On stimulation with immobilized immune complexes, Ptpn22-/- neutrophils manifested reduced activation of key signaling intermediates. Ptpn22-/- mice were protected from immune complex-mediated arthritis, induced by the transfer of arthritogenic serum. In contrast, in vivo neutrophil recruitment following thioglycollate-induced peritonitis and in vitro chemotaxis were not affected by lack of PTPN22. Our data suggest an important role for PTPN22-dependent dephosphorylation events, which are required to enable full FcγR-induced activation, pointing to an important role for this molecule in neutrophil function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Vermeren
- Medical Research Council/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;
| | - Katherine Miles
- Medical Research Council/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Y Chu
- Medical Research Council/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Donald Salter
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; and
| | - Rose Zamoyska
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Mohini Gray
- Medical Research Council/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;
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14
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Abstract
Mouse and human FcRs have been a major focus of attention not only of the scientific community, through the cloning and characterization of novel receptors, and of the medical community, through the identification of polymorphisms and linkage to disease but also of the pharmaceutical community, through the identification of FcRs as targets for therapy or engineering of Fc domains for the generation of enhanced therapeutic antibodies. The availability of knockout mouse lines for every single mouse FcR, of multiple or cell-specific--'à la carte'--FcR knockouts and the increasing generation of hFcR transgenics enable powerful in vivo approaches for the study of mouse and human FcR biology. This review will present the landscape of the current FcR family, their effector functions and the in vivo models at hand to study them. These in vivo models were recently instrumental in re-defining the properties and effector functions of FcRs that had been overlooked or discarded from previous analyses. A particular focus will be made on the (mis)concepts on the role of high-affinity IgG receptors in vivo and on results from antibody engineering to enhance or abrogate antibody effector functions mediated by FcRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bruhns
- Unité des Anticorps en Thérapie et Pathologie, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM, U760, Paris, France
| | - Friederike Jönsson
- Unité des Anticorps en Thérapie et Pathologie, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM, U760, Paris, France
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15
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Fan SL, Miller NS, Lee J, Remick DG. Diagnosing sepsis - The role of laboratory medicine. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 460:203-10. [PMID: 27387712 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the host response to microbial pathogens resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. An accurate and timely diagnosis of sepsis allows prompt and appropriate treatment. This review discusses laboratory testing for sepsis because differentiating systemic inflammation from infection is challenging. Procalcitonin (PCT) is currently an FDA approved test to aid in the diagnosis of sepsis but with questionable efficacy. However, studies support the use of PCT for antibiotic de-escalation. Serial lactate measurements have been recommended for monitoring treatment efficacy as part of sepsis bundles. The 2016 sepsis consensus definitions include lactate concentrations >2mmol/L (>18mg/dL) as part of the definition of septic shock. Also included in the 2016 definitions are measuring bilirubin and creatinine to determine progression of organ failure indicating worse prognosis. Hematologic parameters, including a simple white blood cell count and differential, are frequently part of the initial sepsis diagnostic protocols. Several new biomarkers have been proposed to diagnose sepsis or to predict mortality, but they currently lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be considered as stand-alone testing. If sepsis is suspected, new technologies and microbiologic assays allow rapid and specific identification of pathogens. In 2016 there is no single laboratory test that accurately diagnoses sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, United States
| | - Nancy S Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, United States
| | - John Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, United States
| | - Daniel G Remick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine/Boston Medical Center, United States.
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16
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The role of the neutrophil Fcγ receptor I (CD64) index in diagnosing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients. Int J Infect Dis 2016; 49:154-60. [PMID: 27381937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of the neutrophil Fcγ receptor I (CD64) index in the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic patients. METHODS A total of 123 cirrhotic patients with ascites who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Ascites and blood samples were collected; the polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) count, bacterial culture, and related laboratory tests were performed. The CD64 index was determined for each sample using flow cytometry. RESULTS The neutrophil CD64 index results were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients with SBP than in those without SBP (p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between the neutrophil CD64 index and the PMN count in ascites. In the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.894 (95% confidence interval 0.823-0.964, p<0.001). The optimal cut-off value for the neutrophil CD64 index was 2.02. The sensitivity and specificity of the neutrophil CD64 index for cirrhotic patients with SBP were 80.49% and 93.90%, respectively. The elevated neutrophil CD64 index was down-regulated by antibiotic therapy (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS The neutrophil CD64 index could be used as a sensitive and specific indicator for the diagnosis of SBP in cirrhotic patients with ascites and is also modulated by antibiotic therapy.
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17
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Thieblemont N, Wright HL, Edwards SW, Witko-Sarsat V. Human neutrophils in auto-immunity. Semin Immunol 2016; 28:159-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Fattori V, Amaral FA, Verri WA. Neutrophils and arthritis: Role in disease and pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:84-98. [PMID: 26826283 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response in the joint can induce an intense accumulation of leukocytes in the tissue that frequently results in severe local damage and loss of function. Neutrophils are essential cells to combat many pathogens, but their arsenal can contribute or aggravate articular inflammation. Here we summarized some aspects of neutrophil biology, their role in inflammation and indicated how the modulation of neutrophil functions could be useful for the treatment of different forms of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fattori
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flavio A Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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19
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Vogel S, Grabski E, Buschjäger D, Klawonn F, Döring M, Wang J, Fletcher E, Bechmann I, Witte T, Durisin M, Schraven B, Mangsbo SM, Schönfeld K, Czeloth N, Kalinke U. Antibody induced CD4 down-modulation of T cells is site-specifically mediated by CD64(+) cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18308. [PMID: 26670584 PMCID: PMC4680940 DOI: 10.1038/srep18308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of PBMC with the CD4-specific mAb BT-061 induces CD4 down-modulation of T cells. Here we report that addition of BT-061 to purified T cells did not confer this effect, whereas incubation of T cells in BT-061 coated wells restored CD4 down-modulation. These results implied that Fcγ receptor mediated cell-cell interactions played a role. In consistence with this hypothesis PBMC depleted of CD64+ monocytes did not confer CD4 down-modulation of BT-061 decorated T cells. Strikingly, CD4 down-modulation was observed in BT-061 treated synovial fluid punctuated from patients’ inflamed joints that comprised enhanced numbers of CD64+ cells. In contrast, in a circulating whole blood system injection of BT-061 did not induce CD4 down-modulation, due to CD64 saturation by serum IgG. Similarly, tonsil derived mononuclear cells devoid of CD64+ cells did not show CD4 down-modulation, whereas addition of blood derived monocytes restored the effect. Thus, the interaction of BT-061 decorated T cells with CD64+ cells is needed for CD4 down-modulation, implying that in patients BT-061 would primarily induce CD4 down-modulation at inflammatory sites. These results highlight the need not only to examine the interaction of a given mAb with single FcγR, but also the immunological environment that is appropriate to support such interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Vogel
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, D30625 Hannover
| | - Elena Grabski
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, D30625 Hannover
| | - Daniela Buschjäger
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, D30625 Hannover
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Salzdahlumer Straße 46/48, D38302 Wolfenbüttel, Germany.,Biostatistics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, D38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marius Döring
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, D30625 Hannover
| | - Junxi Wang
- Biostatistics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, D38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Erika Fletcher
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, S75185 Uppsala, Sweden.,Immuneed AB, S-756 52, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute for Anatomy, University Leipzig, Liebigstraße 13, D04103 Leipzig
| | - Torsten Witte
- Clinic for Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Durisin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, D30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, D39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Immune Control, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrß2 7, D38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sara M Mangsbo
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, S75185 Uppsala, Sweden.,Immuneed AB, S-756 52, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kurt Schönfeld
- Biotest AG, Dreieich, Landsteinerstrasse 5, D63303 Dreieich, Germany
| | - Niklas Czeloth
- Biotest AG, Dreieich, Landsteinerstrasse 5, D63303 Dreieich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Feodor-Lynen-Straße 7, D30625 Hannover
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20
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Delanghe JR, Speeckaert MM. Translational research and biomarkers in neonatal sepsis. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 451:46-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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21
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Barbosa GGDA, Farias MG, Ludwig HC, Stensmann I, Fernandes MV, Michalowski MB, Daudt LE. Could CD64 expression be used as a predictor of positive culture results in children with febrile neutropenia? Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2015; 37:395-9. [PMID: 26670402 PMCID: PMC4678915 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early recognition of infectious processes in neutropenic patients is hampered by the fact that these processes may have dissimilar and non-specific clinical presentations. CD64 is a neutrophil surface marker that is not expressed in non-sensitized neutrophils. When the neutrophil is exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha it is activated and is measured via the CD64 index. Methods This paper evaluated the relationship between the index value of CD64 on the first day of febrile neutropenia and a positive blood culture. The correlations with white blood count, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were also evaluated. This case–control, prospective, diagnostic study included 64 episodes of neutropenia. Case group (n = 14) comprised positive blood cultures, and the control group (n = 50), negative blood cultures. Results The median rates of CD64 were 2.1 (σ ± 3.9) in the case group and 1.76 (σ ± 5.02) in the control group. There was no correlation between the value of the CD64 index and blood cultures. The CD64 index was also not correlated with C-reactive protein positivity. Furthermore, the CD64 index was not able to predict blood culture positivity. The sensitivity was 64.3%, the specificity was 42%, the positive predictive value was 23.7% and the negative predictive value was 80%. For C-reactive protein, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 71.4%, 32%, 22.7%, and 80%, respectively. Conclusion The CD64 index is not suitable for predicting the positivity of blood cultures in this specific population of patients with febrile neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Isabel Stensmann
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFSCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Bohns Michalowski
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFSCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Hospital da Criança de Santo Antonio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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22
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Lewis SM, Treacher DF, Edgeworth J, Mahalingam G, Brown CS, Mare TA, Stacey M, Beale R, Brown KA. Expression of CD11c and EMR2 on neutrophils: potential diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis and systemic inflammation. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 182:184-94. [PMID: 26153037 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for cellular biomarkers to differentiate patients with sepsis from those with the non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). In this double-blind study we determined whether the expression of known (CD11a/b/c, CD62L) and putative adhesion molecules [CD64, CD97 and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like molecule containing mucin-like hormone receptor (EMR2)] on blood neutrophils could serve as useful biomarkers of infection and of non-infectious SIRS in critically ill patients. We studied 103 patients with SIRS, 83 of whom had sepsis, and 50 healthy normal subjects, using flow cytometry to characterize neutrophils phenotypically in whole blood samples. Patients with SIRS had an increased prevalence of neutrophils expressing CD11c, CD64 and EMR2 in comparison with healthy subjects (P < 0.001), but normal expression of CD11a, CD11b, CD62L and CD97. An increase in the percentage of neutrophils bearing CD11c was associated with sepsis, EMR2 with SIRS and CD64 with sepsis and SIRS. Neutrophils expressing CD11c had the highest sensitivity (81%) and specificity (80%) for the detection of sepsis, and there was an association between the percentage of neutrophils expressing EMR2 and the extent of organ failure (P < 0.05). Contrary to other reports, we did not observe an abnormal expression of CD11b or CD62L on neutrophils from patients with SIRS, and suggest that this discrepancy is due to differences in cell processing protocols. We propose that blood neutrophils expressing CD11c and EMR2 be considered as potential biomarkers for sepsis and SIRS, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lewis
- Intensive Care Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London.,Department of Vascular Immunology, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London
| | - D F Treacher
- Intensive Care Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - J Edgeworth
- Department of Infection, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, University of Leeds, London, UK
| | - G Mahalingam
- Department of Vascular Immunology, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London
| | - C S Brown
- Intensive Care Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - T A Mare
- Intensive Care Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London.,Department of Vascular Immunology, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London
| | - M Stacey
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, London, UK
| | - R Beale
- Intensive Care Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London.,Department of Vascular Immunology, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London
| | - K A Brown
- Intensive Care Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London.,Department of Vascular Immunology, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London
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23
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Fcγ and Complement Receptors and Complement Proteins in Neutrophil Activation in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Contribution to Pathogenesis and Progression and Modulation by Natural Products. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:429878. [PMID: 26346244 PMCID: PMC4540990 DOI: 10.1155/2015/429878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly disabling disease that affects all structures of the joint and significantly impacts on morbidity and mortality in RA patients. RA is characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovial membrane lining the joint associated with infiltration of immune cells. Eighty to 90% of the leukocytes infiltrating the synovia are neutrophils. The specific role that neutrophils play in the onset of RA is not clear, but recent studies have evidenced that they have an important participation in joint damage and disease progression through the release of proteolytic enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, and neutrophil extracellular traps, in particular during frustrated phagocytosis of immune complexes (ICs). In addition, the local and systemic activation of the complement system contributes to the pathogenesis of RA and other IC-mediated diseases. This review discusses (i) the participation of Fcγ and complement receptors in mediating the effector functions of neutrophils in RA; (ii) the contribution of the complement system and ROS-dependent and ROS-independent mechanisms to joint damage in RA; and (iii) the use of plant extracts, dietary compounds, and isolated natural compounds in the treatment of RA, focusing on modulation of the effector functions of neutrophils and the complement system activity and/or activation.
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Lode HN, Döring P, Lauenstein P, Hoeger P, Dombrowski F, Bruns R. Febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha–Habermann disease following suspected hemorrhagic chickenpox infection in a 20-month-old boy. Infection 2015; 43:583-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s15010-015-0726-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Manivel VA, Sohrabian A, Wick MC, Mullazehi M, Håkansson LD, Rönnelid J. Anti-type II collagen immune complex-induced granulocyte reactivity is associated with joint erosions in RA patients with anti-collagen antibodies. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:8. [PMID: 25598326 PMCID: PMC4349301 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with autoantibodies against collagen type II (CII) are characterized by acute RA onset with elevated inflammatory measures and early joint erosions as well as increased production of tumor necrosis factor-α (ΤΝF-α) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated by anti-CII immune complexes (IC) in vitro. Polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN) are abundant in RA synovial fluids, where they might interact directly with anti-CII IC in the articular cartilage, but no studies have investigated PMN responses towards anti-CII IC. The aim was to investigate whether PMN react towards anti-CII IC, and to what extent such reactivity might relate to the clinical acute onset RA phenotype associated with elevated levels of anti-CII. Methods PMN and PBMC isolated from healthy donors were stimulated with IC made with a set of 72 baseline patient sera (24 anti-CII positive, 48 anti-CII negative) chosen from a clinically well-characterized RA cohort with two-year radiological follow-up with Larsen scoring. PMN expression of cluster of differentiation (CD)11b, CD66b, CD16 and CD32 was measured by flow cytometry, whereas PMN production of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin (IL)-17, and PBMC production of ΤΝF-α was measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results PMN expression of CD11b, CD66b and MPO, and PBMC production of ΤΝF-α were upregulated whereas PMN expression of CD16 and CD32 were downregulated by anti-CII IC. CD16, CD66b, and MPO production correlated to serum anti-CII levels (Spearman’s ρ = 0.315, 0.675 and 0.253, respectively). CD16 was associated with early joint erosions (P = 0.024, 0.034, 0.046 at baseline, one and two years) and CD66b was associated with changes in joint erosions (P = 0.017 and 0.016, at one and two years compared to baseline, respectively). CD66b was associated with baseline C-reactive protein and PBMC production of ΤΝF-α was associated with baseline erythrocyte sedimentation rate, in accordance with our earlier findings. No clinical associations were observed for MPO or IL-17. Conclusion PMN responses against anti-CII IC are more closely associated with early joint erosions than are PBMC cytokine responses. PMN reactivity against anti-CII IC may contribute to joint destruction in newly diagnosed RA patients with high levels of anti-CII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Anand Manivel
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Azita Sohrabian
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Marius C Wick
- Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mohammed Mullazehi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | - Johan Rönnelid
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. .,Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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el Bannoudi H, Ioan-Facsinay A, Toes REM. Bridging autoantibodies and arthritis: the role of Fc receptors. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2014; 382:303-19. [PMID: 25116106 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-07911-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Autoantibodies represent a hallmark of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and damage in the joints. Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies (ACPA) are the most prominent autoantibodies present in RA patients. These autoantibodies have been intensively investigated during the last 20 years due to their diagnostic and predictive value. Furthermore, they are believed to be involved in mediating the damage associated with RA. Antibodies of the IgG isotype interact with the immune system via Fcγ receptors expressed on immune cells as well as nonimmune cells. These receptors, therefore, form the bridge between Fcγ receptor-positive cells and antibodies complexed to antigen allowing the modulation and activation of cellular immune responses that are involved in immune defense against invading microorganisms. However, in case triggered by antibodies against self-antigens, they can also play a pivotal role in the induction and perpetuation of autoimmune diseases such as RA. Mouse models have been indispensably important for understanding the role of Fcγ receptors in the development of arthritis. Here we discuss the contribution of autoantibodies to the pathogenesis of arthritis in preclinical animal models, as well as RA, in relation to their interaction with the different (immune inhibitory and activating) Fcγ receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane el Bannoudi
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, C1-R, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, Leiden, ZA, The Netherlands
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Wright HL, Moots RJ, Edwards SW. The multifactorial role of neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2014; 10:593-601. [PMID: 24914698 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2014.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Of all cells implicated in the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), neutrophils possess the greatest cytotoxic potential, owing to their ability to release degradative enzymes and reactive oxygen species. Neutrophils also contribute to the cytokine and chemokine cascades that accompany inflammation, and regulate immune responses via cell-cell interactions. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils also have a previously unrecognised role in autoimmune diseases: neutrophils can release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) containing chromatin associated with granule enzymes, which not only kill extracellular microorganisms but also provide a source of autoantigens. For example, citrullinated proteins that can act as neoepitopes in loss of immune tolerance are generated by peptidylarginine deiminases, which replace arginine with citrulline residues, within neutrophils. Indeed, antibodies to citrullinated proteins can be detected before the onset of symptoms in patients with RA, and are predictive of erosive disease. Neutrophils from patients with RA have an increased tendency to form NETs containing citrullinated proteins, and sera from such patients contain autoantibodies that recognize these proteins. Thus, in addition to their cytotoxic and immunoregulatory role in RA, neutrophils may be a source of the autoantigens that drive the autoimmune processes underlying this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Wright
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Robert J Moots
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University Hospital Aintree, University of Liverpool, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool L9 7AL, UK
| | - Steven W Edwards
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Department of Immunochemistry; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
| | - Hisashi Arase
- Department of Immunochemistry; Research Institute for Microbial Diseases; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry; World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center; Osaka University; Osaka Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology; Japan Science and Technology Agency; Saitama Japan
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Doi T, Miyazaki T, Nishino J, Tanaka S, Matsui T, Komiya A, Yamamoto S, Tokimura F, Mori T, Nishimura K, Katoh N, Hasegawa J, Omata Y, Matsushita T, Tohma S. Neutrophil CD64 expression as a diagnostic marker for local infection and crystal-induced arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-010-0322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Mokuda S, Doi O, Takasugi K. Simultaneous quantitative analysis of the expression of CD64 and CD35 on neutrophils as markers to differentiate between bacterial and viral infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/s10165-011-0587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jönsson F, Mancardi DA, Albanesi M, Bruhns P. Neutrophils in local and systemic antibody-dependent inflammatory and anaphylactic reactions. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:643-56. [PMID: 23532517 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1212623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are notorious for their efficacy in microbial killing. Various mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, production of ROS, cytokines/chemokines and lipid mediators, degranulation of antimicrobials and enzymes, as well as NETosis contribute to this capacity. However, every incidence of neutrophil activation bears a risk to cause damage to the host. Several distinct steps, i.e., adhesion to endothelial cells, transmigration, chemotaxis, cytokine stimulation, and TLR signaling, are thought to control the extent of neutrophil activation. In the absence of a microbial stimulus, other pathways can induce neutrophil activation, among which FcR-induced activation when neutrophils encounter ICs. In these situations (inflammation, autoimmunity, allergy), neutrophils may act as primary or secondary effectors of immune reactions. In the presence of circulating ICs, neutrophils can indeed get stimulated directly in the bloodstream and trigger an immune response. Upon deposition of antibody complexes inside of tissues, neutrophils are first recruited and primed before being highly activated to amplify the ongoing inflammation. This review focuses on the engagement, activation, and responses of neutrophils to antibody ICs, inside of tissues or in the vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Jönsson
- 2.Département d'Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U760, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France. or
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The high-affinity human IgG receptor FcγRI (CD64) promotes IgG-mediated inflammation, anaphylaxis, and antitumor immunotherapy. Blood 2013; 121:1563-73. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-07-442541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Human FcγRI can trigger antibody-induced inflammatory arthritis, thrombocytopenia, airway inflammation, and systemic anaphylaxis. Human FcγRI can trigger antibody-mediated immunotherapy of mouse metastatic melanoma.
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Cao Y, Li C, Yan J, Jiao F, Liu X, Hasty KA, Stuart JM, Gu W, Jiao Y. Analysis of candidate genes of spontaneous arthritis in mice deficient for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. Genes Genet Syst 2012; 87:107-13. [PMID: 22820384 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.87.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on mouse chromosome 1 that regulates the susceptibility to arthritis in an F2 population generated from arthritis-prone BALB/c and arthritis-resistant DBA/1 mice deficient for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. To further select candidate genes for the QTL, we analyzed the expression patterns of arthritis in 38 F2 individuals and compared the expression levels of key candidate genes to the parental strains. Two distinct subpopulations of arthritic mice were identified in the 38 F2 mice. One subgroup of diseased mice was characterized by myeloid cell dominant inflammation, whereas the other was mainly associated with increased anti-apoptotic activities of inflammatory cells. Several differentially expressed important candidate genes in parental strains in the QTL region are relevant to myeloid cell, apoptotic activities, or to both. About one-quarter of those genes have been previously linked to arthritis in literature. The present study reveals two distinct subpopulations of arthritic mice with spontaneous arthritis due to deficiency for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, suggesting that genes with function relevant to myeloid cell and/or apoptotic activities are most likely the key candidate genes for the QTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Cao
- Institute of Kaschin-Beck Disease, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, PR China
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Efficient expression of recombinant soluble human FcγRI in mammalian cells and its characterization. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 82:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Simultaneous quantitative analysis of the expression of CD64 and CD35 on neutrophils as markers to differentiate between bacterial and viral infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2012; 22:750-7. [PMID: 22237765 DOI: 10.1007/s10165-011-0587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The expression level of CD64 on neutrophils can be used to differentiate between an infection and a disease flare in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. However, the CD64 expression is elevated by both bacteria and viruses, so it cannot be used to distinguish the type of infection. We herein investigated the results of a simultaneous quantitative analysis of the expression of CD64 and CD35 on neutrophils to determine whether these molecules can be used to distinguish between bacterial and viral infections in RA patients. METHODS We collected blood from 22 RA patients with pathogen-proven infections (15 bacterial and 7 viral infections). Blood samples were stained with QuantiBRITE CD64PE/CD45PerCP and CD35PE, and the mean fluorescence intensities were assessed by a flow cytometer. The mean numbers of molecules were calculated using QuantiBrite PE beads. RESULTS We calculated the ratio of CD64 to the CD35 level (CD35/CD64), and used a cut-off value of 2.8 for the CD35/CD64 ratio. At this value, the sensitivity for diagnosing a bacterial infection was 87%, and the specificity was 86%. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous quantitative analysis of CD64 and CD35 expression on neutrophils might be useful to distinguish between bacterial and viral infections in RA patients.
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Gámez-Díaz LY, Enriquez LE, Matute JD, Velásquez S, Gómez ID, Toro F, Ospina S, Bedoya V, Arango CM, Valencia ML, De La Rosa G, Gómez CI, García A, Patiño PJ, Jaimes FA. Diagnostic accuracy of HMGB-1, sTREM-1, and CD64 as markers of sepsis in patients recently admitted to the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 2011; 18:807-15. [PMID: 21762470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy for sepsis in an emergency department (ED) population of the cluster of differentiation-64 (CD64) glycoprotein expression on the surface of neutrophils (nCD64), serum levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (s-TREM-1), and high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1). METHODS Patients with any of the following as admission diagnosis were enrolled: 1) suspected infection, 2) fever, 3) delirium, or 4) acute hypotension of unexplained origin within 24 hours of ED presentation. Levels of nCD64, HMGB-1, and s-TREM-1 were measured within the first 24 hours of the first ED evaluation. Baseline clinical data, Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score, daily clinical and microbiologic information, and 28-day mortality rate were collected. Because there is not a definitive criterion standard for sepsis, the authors used expert consensus based on clinical, microbiologic, laboratory, and radiologic data collected for each patient during the first 7 days of hospitalization. This expert consensus defined the primary outcome of sepsis, and the primary data analysis was based in the comparison of sepsis versus nonsepsis patients. The cut points to define sensitivity and specificity values, as well as positive and negative likelihood ratios (LRs) for the markers related to sepsis diagnosis, were determined using receiver operative characteristics (ROC) curves. The patients in this study were a prespecified nested subsample population of a larger study. RESULTS Of 631 patients included in the study, 66% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 62% to 67%, n = 416) had sepsis according with the expert consensus diagnosis. Among these sepsis patients, SOFA score defined 67% (95% CI = 62% to 71%, n = 277) in severe sepsis and 1% (95% CI = 0.3% to 3%, n = 6) in septic shock. The sensitivities for sepsis diagnosis were CD64, 65.8% (95% CI = 61.1% to 70.3%); HMGB-1, 57.5% (95% CI = 52.7% to 62.3%); and s-TREM-1, 60% (95% CI = 55.2% to 64.7%). The specificities were CD64, 64.6% (95% CI = 57.8% to 70.8%), HMGB-1, 57.8% (95% CI = 51.1% to 64.3%), and s-TREM-1, 59.2% (95% CI = 52.5% to 65.6%). The positive LR (LR+) for CD64 was 1.85 (95% CI = 1.52 to 2.26) and the negative LR (LR-) was 0.52 (95% CI = 0.44 to 0.62]; for HMGB-1 the LR+ was 1.36 (95% CI = 1.14 to 1.63) and LR- was 0.73 (95% CI = 0.62 to 0.86); and for s-TREM-1 the LR+ was 1.47 (95% CI = 1.22 to 1.76) and the LR- was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.57 to 0.79). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of patients suspected of having any infection in the ED, the accuracy of nCD64, s-TREM-1, and HMGB-1 was not significantly sensitive or specific for diagnosis of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Y Gámez-Díaz
- Group of Primary Immunodeficiencies, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Nishino J, Tanaka S, Kadono Y, Matsui T, Komiya A, Nishimura K, Tohma S. The usefulness of neutrophil CD64 expression in the diagnosis of local infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in daily practice. J Orthop Sci 2010; 15:547-52. [PMID: 20721724 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-010-1498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of local infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is frequently difficult because clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory test results of local infection are also observed in arthritis of active RA. The need for a specific marker of infection is high in RA patients. The usefulness of neutrophil CD64 expression (CD64) to diagnose local musculoskeletal infection (local infection) and discriminate local infection from RA-related inflammation in RA patients was examined. METHODS CD64 was measured by a quantitative method using flow cytometry in 61 RA patients in whom local infection was suspected, and the usefulness of CD64 was examined by comparing the findings with clinical results. RESULTS There were 25 patients with local infection and 36 patients without infection. The median CD64 value the patients with local infection was 3148 molecules/cell (interquartile range [IQR], 2140-6231) and that of the patients without infection was 1106 molecules/cell (IQR, 804-1464) with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). In contrast, no significant difference between the groups was observed in C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell (WBC) count. The area under the curve of CD64 calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was larger than that of CRP, ESR, or WBC count, suggesting that CD64 has superior ability to discriminate of infection compared to these other markers. When the cutoff value of CD64 was set at 2000 molecules/cell, the sensitivity and specificity of CD64 for the detection of local infection in RA patients were 76.0% and 94.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CD64 is a useful marker in RA patients to discriminate local infection from RA-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Nishino
- Nishino Clinic Orthopedics and Rheumatology, 2-9-15 Nishigaoka, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-0056, Japan
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Neutrophil CD64 expression as a diagnostic marker for local infection and crystal-induced arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2010; 20:573-9. [PMID: 20552245 DOI: 10.1007/s10165-010-0322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of neutrophil CD64 expression was examined in diagnosing local infection, including soft tissue, bone, and joint infections. Among 99 patients suspected of local infection, 31 were confirmed and 68 patients were not. The CD64 level of patients with local infection was significantly higher than in those without infection [4,193 ± 1,132 vs. 1,017 ± 59 molecules/cell (mean ± standard deviation); p < 0.001]. The area under the curve of CD64 calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was larger than that of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), or white blood cell (WBC) count. In addition, CD64 levels of patients with crystal-induced arthritis remained within cutoff value (2,000 molecules/cell). These data suggest that measuring CD64 expression can be a useful diagnostic marker for local musculoskeletal infection and crystal-induced arthritis.
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The novel applications of the quantitative analysis of neutrophil cell surface FcγRI (CD64) to the diagnosis of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2010; 23:268-74. [DOI: 10.1097/qco.0b013e32833939b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wright HL, Moots RJ, Bucknall RC, Edwards SW. Neutrophil function in inflammation and inflammatory diseases. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 49:1618-31. [PMID: 20338884 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory conditions such as RA, the neutrophil has tended to be dismissed as a short-lived, terminally differentiated, irrelevant bystander cell. However, this is clearly not the case. A better understanding of the complex heterogeneous pathways and processes that constitute RA, in parallel with a more sophisticated knowledge of neutrophil biology has identified many potential roles for these cells in the persistence of inflammation and progression of joint damage, which should not be underestimated. Not only are neutrophils found in high numbers within the rheumatoid joint, both in synovial tissue and in joint fluid, they have a huge potential to directly inflict damage to tissue, bone and cartilage via the secretion of proteases and toxic oxygen metabolites, as well as driving inflammation through antigen presentation and secretion of cytokines, chemokines, prostaglandins and leucotrienes. Drugs already used to treat RA down-regulate many neutrophil functions, including migration to the joint, degranulation and production of inflammatory mediators, and these cells should be considered as important targets for the development of new therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen L Wright
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
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Nuutila J, Hohenthal U, Laitinen I, Kotilainen P, Rajamäki A, Nikoskelainen J, Lilius EM. Simultaneous quantitative analysis of FcgammaRI (CD64) expression on neutrophils and monocytes: a new, improved way to detect infections. J Immunol Methods 2007; 328:189-200. [PMID: 17905303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 08/29/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We performed simultaneous quantitative flow cytometric analysis of neutrophil and monocyte FcgammaRI (CD64) in 289 hospitalized febrile patients. Microbiological evaluation or clinical diagnosis confirmed bacterial (n=89) or viral (n=46) infection in 135 patients. Patient data were compared with data from 60 healthy controls. The average number of FcgammaRI on the surfaces of both neutrophils and monocytes was significantly increased in patients with febrile viral and bacterial infections, compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, we describe a novel marker of febrile infection, designated 'CD64 score point', which incorporates the quantitative analysis of FcgammaRI expressed on both neutrophils and monocytes, with 94% sensitivity and 98% specificity in distinguishing between febrile infections and healthy controls. By contrast, analysis of FcgammaRI expression on neutrophils and monocytes displayed poor sensitivity (73% and 52%) and specificity (65% and 52%) in distinguishing between bacterial and viral infections, and the levels did not differ significantly between systemic (sepsis), local, and clinically diagnosed bacterial infections. In summary, our results clearly show that the increased number of FcgammaRI on neutrophils and monocytes is a useful marker of febrile infection, but cannot be applied for differential diagnosis between bacterial and viral infections or between systemic and local bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Nuutila
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Sandilands GP, McCrae J, Hill K, Perry M, Baxter D. Major histocompatibility complex class II (DR) antigen and costimulatory molecules on in vitro and in vivo activated human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Immunology 2006; 119:562-71. [PMID: 17034427 PMCID: PMC2265830 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2006.02471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that normal human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) contain cytoplasmic 'stores' of three key molecules normally associated with antigen presentation and T-cell costimulation, i.e. major histocompatibility complex class II (DR) antigen, CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2). These cytoplasmic molecules were found to translocate to the cell surface within a few minutes following cross-linking (X-L) of Mac-1: an early neutrophil activation signal. In this study we have compared X-L of Mac -1 in parallel with four other well documented in vitro neutrophil activators: phorbol myristate acetate, N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine, lipopolysaccharide, and phagocytosis of immunoglobulin G-Latex particles. In addition, we have used paired samples of neutrophils obtained from peripheral blood (as a control) and synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis as a source of in vivo activated cells. With the exception of phagocytosis, all activators resulted in the rapid (within 30 min) generation of two populations of activated neutrophils (designated P1 and P2) based on flow-cytometry measurements of size, granularity and phenotype. Significant up-regulation of DR and costimulatory molecules was observed, predominantly on P2 cells, with all activators except phagocytosis. CD80 and CD86 were noted to respond to the various activation signals in a different pattern suggesting that their intracellular granule location may be different. Dual-staining confocal laser microscopy studies showed that CD80 is largely confined to secretory vesicles (SVs) while CD86 appears to have a much wider distribution being found in SVs and within secondary (specific) and primary (azurophilic) granules. Increased surface expression of these antigens was also observed on P2 synovial fluid neutrophils appearing as large heterogeneous clusters on the cell surface when visualized by confocal laser microscopy.
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43
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Cross A, Bakstad D, Allen JC, Thomas L, Moots RJ, Edwards SW. Neutrophil gene expression in rheumatoid arthritis. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2005; 12:191-202. [PMID: 16112850 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2005.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There is now a growing awareness that infiltrating neutrophils play an important role in the molecular pathology of rheumatoid arthritis. In part, this arises from the fact that neutrophils have potent cytotoxic activity, but additionally from the fact that inflammatory neutrophils can generate a number of cytokines and chemokines that can have a direct influence on the progress of an inflammatory episode. Furthermore, the molecular properties of inflammatory neutrophils are quite different from those normally found in the circulation. For example, inflammatory neutrophils, but not blood neutrophils, can express cell surface receptors (such as MHC Class II molecules and FcgammaRI) that dramatically alter the way in which these cells can interact with ligands to modulate immune function. Cytokine/chemokine expression and surface expression of these novel cell surface receptors is dependent upon the neutrophil responding to local environmental factors to selectively up-regulate the expression of key cellular components via signalling pathways coupled to transcriptional activation. However, major changes in the expression levels of some proteins are also regulated by post-translational modifications that alter rates of proteolysis, and hence changes in the steady-state levels of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Cross
- School of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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44
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Abstract
Sepsis is a major healthcare problem from the perspective of mortality and economics. Advances in diagnostic detection of infection and sepsis have been slow, but recent advances in both soluble biomarker detection and quantitative cellular measurements promise the availability of improved diagnostic techniques. Though the promise of cytokine measurements reaching clinical practice have not matured, procalcitonin levels are currently available in many countries and appear to offer enhanced diagnostic distinction between bacterial and viral etiologies. Cellular diagnostics is poised to enter clinical laboratory practice in the form of neutrophil CD64 measurements, which offer superior sensitivity and specificity to conventional laboratory assessment of sepsis. Neutrophil CD64 expression is negligible in the healthy state. However, it increases as part of the systemic response to severe infection or sepsis. The combination of cellular proteomics, as in the case of neutrophil CD64 quantification, and selected soluble biomarkers of the inflammatory response, such as procalcitonin or triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1, is predicted to remove the current subjectivity and uncertainty in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of infection and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce H Davis
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Trillium Diagnostics, LLC, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA.
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Nabbe KCAM, Boross P, Holthuysen AEM, Sloëtjes AW, Kolls JK, Verbeek S, van Lent PLEM, van Den Berg WB. Joint inflammation and chondrocyte death become independent of Fcγ receptor type III by local overexpression of interferon-γ during immune complex-mediated arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 52:967-74. [PMID: 15751061 DOI: 10.1002/art.20874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has previously been shown that the onset and the degree of joint inflammation during immune complex (IC)-mediated arthritis depend on Fcgamma receptor type III (FcgammaRIII). Local adenoviral overexpression of interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) in the knee joint prior to onset of IC-mediated arthritis aggravated severe cartilage destruction. In FcgammaRI(-/-) mice, however, chondrocyte death was not enhanced by IFNgamma, whereas matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated aggrecan breakdown was markedly elevated, suggesting a role for the activating FcgammaRIII in the latter process. We undertook this study to determine the role of FcgammaRIII in joint inflammation and severe cartilage destruction in IFNgamma-stimulated IC-mediated arthritis, using FcgammaRIII(-/-) mice. METHODS FcgammaRIII(-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice were injected in the knee joint with recombinant adenovirus encoding murine IFNgamma (AdIFNgamma) or with adenovirus encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein 1 day prior to induction of IC-mediated arthritis. Histologic sections were obtained 3 days after arthritis onset to study inflammation and cartilage damage. MMP-mediated expression of the VDIPEN neoepitope was detected by immunolocalization. Chemokine and FcgammaR expression levels were determined in synovial washouts and synovium, respectively. RESULTS Injection of AdIFNgamma in naive knee joints markedly increased levels of messenger RNA for FcgammaRI, FcgammaRII, and FcgammaRIII. Upon IFNgamma overexpression prior to induction of IC-mediated arthritis, joint inflammation was similar in FcgammaRIII(-/-) and WT mice. The percentage of macrophages in the knee joint was increased, which correlated with high concentrations of the macrophage attractant macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha. Furthermore, IFNgamma induced 2-fold and 3-fold increases in chondrocyte death in WT controls and FcgammaRIII(-/-) mice, respectively. Notably, VDIPEN expression also remained high in FcgammaRIII(-/-) mice. CONCLUSION IFNgamma bypasses the dependence on FcgammaRIII in the development of IC-mediated arthritis. Furthermore, both FcgammaRI and FcgammaRIII can mediate MMP-dependent cartilage matrix destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C A M Nabbe
- University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ramanaviciene A, Acaite J, Ramanavicius A. Circulating immune complexes as indicators of environmental contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2004; 19:505-509. [PMID: 15352267 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of environmental contamination on the concentration of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in bovine blood. We determined that in a conventionally ecologically clear district, the CIC concentration in healthy bovine blood serum was within the limits of 0.18-0.52 mg/mL, (mean = 0.31 mg/mL, V = 30.14%). In a conventionally ecologically contaminated district, the CIC concentration in healthy bovine blood serum was detected within the limits of 0.48-0.99 mg/mL (mean = 0.65 mg/mL, V = 17.97%; P < 0.05). The CIC concentration in serum of bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-infected bovines from different districts was within the limits of 0.29-1.76 mg/mL (mean = 0.81 mg/mL, V = 36.67%; P < 0.05). According to these preliminary results of the investigation, it may be supposed that the increased concentration of CIC is closely related to the environmental contamination. Therefore, studies of CIC concentration in healthy mammals are of great importance for the monitoring of anthropogenic factors and can be exploited as an indicator of environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramanaviciene
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology, Institute of Immunology of Vilnius University, Moletu pl. 29, 08409 Vilnius 21, Lithuania
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Galligan CL, Matsuyama W, Matsukawa A, Mizuta H, Hodge DR, Howard OMZ, Yoshimura T. Up-regulated expression and activation of the orphan chemokine receptor, CCRL2, in rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 50:1806-14. [PMID: 15188357 DOI: 10.1002/art.20275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by a cellular influx and destruction of the joint architecture. Chemokines characteristically regulate leukocyte recruitment and activation. Chemokine (CC motif) receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) is an orphan receptor with homology to other CC chemokine receptors. We undertook this study to examine CCRL2 expression in RA, cytokine regulation of expression, and the source of a putative ligand in an attempt to determine the role of this receptor during inflammation. METHODS Expression of CCRL2 on joint-infiltrating leukocytes was examined by immunocytochemistry. In vitro studies evaluated CCRL2 expression in primary neutrophils using Northern and Western blotting and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. HEK 293 cells expressing two splice variants of CCRL2 (HEK/CCRL2A or HEK/CCRL2B) were generated with a retroviral expression system, and their migration in response to fractions of synovial fluid (SF) from RA patients was examined using a 48-well chamber. RESULTS CCRL2 expression was observed on all infiltrating neutrophils and on some macrophages obtained from the SF of 5 RA patients. In vitro studies of primary neutrophils revealed that CCRL2 messenger RNA (mRNA) was rapidly up-regulated following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (1 microg/ml) or tumor necrosis factor (5 ng/ml). The mRNA for both CCRL2A and CCRL2B were expressed in cytokine-stimulated neutrophils. Cells expressing either of these splice variants migrated in response to a fraction of RA SF. CONCLUSION CCRL2 expression is up-regulated on synovial neutrophils of RA patients. Inflammatory products present in the SF activate this receptor, indicating that CCRL2 is a functional receptor that may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole L Galligan
- National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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Cross A, Bucknall RC, Cassatella MA, Edwards SW, Moots RJ. Synovial fluid neutrophils transcribe and express class II major histocompatibility complex molecules in rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 48:2796-806. [PMID: 14558085 DOI: 10.1002/art.11253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate a potential interaction between neutrophils and T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), by defining the optimal conditions for induction of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression on peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro and investigating the capacity for neutrophils to express class II MHC molecules in RA. METHODS Surface expression of class II MHC and costimulatory molecules by peripheral blood and synovial fluid (SF) neutrophils obtained from healthy controls and patients with RA was measured by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Intracellular class II MHC protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) were detected by Western blotting and Northern blotting, respectively. RESULTS Freshly isolated peripheral blood neutrophils from controls did not express surface class II MHC; expression was induced by culture with appropriate cytokines. Freshly isolated peripheral blood neutrophils from patients with RA expressed mRNA, but there was no surface expression of class II MHC. Freshly isolated SF neutrophils from patients with RA contained high levels of class II MHC mRNA, did not express surface class II MHC, but did have large intracellular amounts of this protein as detected by Western blotting. After culture for 20 hours in vitro, SF neutrophils from RA patients expressed large amounts of surface class II MHC but very low levels of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86. Fluorescence microscopy localized surface class II MHC to discrete areas on the neutrophil. Class II MHC-expressing neutrophils stimulated T cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood neutrophils from patients with RA but not healthy controls express class II MHC mRNA. SF neutrophils in RA synthesize and express large amounts of class II MHC but not costimulatory molecules. This might underlie a novel interaction with T cells that is important in terms of disease pathology.
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van Roon JAG, van Vuuren AJ, Wijngaarden S, Jacobs KMG, Bijlsma JWJ, Lafeber FPJG, Thepen T, van de Winkel JGJ. Selective elimination of synovial inflammatory macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis by an Fcgamma receptor I-directed immunotoxin. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2003; 48:1229-38. [PMID: 12746896 DOI: 10.1002/art.10940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether monocyte/macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients can be selectively eliminated by a toxin-conjugated antibody CD64-ricin A (CD64-RiA) directed toward the high-affinity receptor for IgG (FcgammaRI), exploiting the capacity of FcgammaRI to efficiently endocytose antibody which it has bound. METHODS Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) obtained from RA patients were cultured in the presence of CD64-RiA. Cell death of monocyte/macrophages was measured by phenotypic changes (light-scatter patterns and CD14 and FcgammaRI expression) and apoptosis (nuclear DNA fragmentation). We then tested whether CD64-RiA-induced cell death of macrophages affected their capacity to stimulate antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and to secrete cytokines. Additionally, the capacity of CD64-RiA to inhibit proinflammatory activity and cartilage degradation by RA synovial tissue explants was evaluated. RESULTS Inflammatory macrophages from RA SF expressed elevated levels of FcgammaRI and were selectively eliminated by CD64-RiA via apoptotic cell death. Monocyte/macrophages from RA PB, which had lower levels of FcgammaRI expression, were much less affected. Induction of SF macrophage apoptosis was associated with efficient inhibition of antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and a reduction in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) release. Consistent with these effects on SF macrophages, CD64-RiA also inhibited TNFalpha production, interleukin-1beta production, and cartilage-degrading activity of RA synovial tissue explants. CONCLUSION Together, these data underscore the crucial role of synovial macrophages in RA joint inflammation and indicate that selective elimination of these cells through FcgammaRI-directed immunotoxins could be a novel approach to the treatment of RA.
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Allen E, Bakke AC, Purtzer MZ, Deodhar A. Neutrophil CD64 expression: distinguishing acute inflammatory autoimmune disease from systemic infections. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61:522-5. [PMID: 12006325 PMCID: PMC1754114 DOI: 10.1136/ard.61.6.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common bacterial and opportunistic infections are a major cause of mortality in patients who are immunosuppressed owing to treatment with corticosteroids or cytotoxic drugs. Common laboratory tests for infection lack sensitivity and specificity. One of the new generation of tests to detect early systemic infections measures the up regulation of an Fc receptor (Fcgamma R1, or CD64) on neutrophils. The Fc receptors on white blood cells are very important for effective phagocytosis of bacteria and are up regulated during an infection. OBJECTIVE To measure the clinical usefulness of quantitative CD64 measurements to differentiate between systemic infection and active autoimmune inflammation in an ongoing study. METHODS Patients with systemic infection (n=27), active autoimmune inflammatory disease (n=44), vasculitis (n=5), and controls (n=20) were studied for neutrophil CD64 expression using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. RESULTS The median (interquartile range (IQR)) CD64 expression in patients with active inflammatory disease and systemic infection was 907.5 (586-1550) and 3647 (2380-6642), respectively (p<0.0001). The median (IQR) CD64 expression in control patients (osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia) was 505 (359-599). The sensitivity and specificity of CD64 expression on neutrophils to diagnose systemic infection (using a cut off value of 2000) was 85% and 91%, respectively. CONCLUSION These results indicate that quantitative measurement of CD64 can distinguish between systemic infection and the flare of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Allen
- Division of Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases - OP09, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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