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Moriyama M, Nakamura K, Nagata H, Wada I, Nagira K, Azuma Y, Sato E, Harada T, Taniguchi F. Role of tenascin C in lesion formation in early peritoneal endometriosis. F&S SCIENCE 2024; 5:69-79. [PMID: 38092313 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify cytokines or extracellular matrix components that contribute to adhesion to, and invasion of, the peritoneum, proximal to lesions in the early phase of endometriosis. DESIGN Laboratory-based study. SETTING University Hospital and Laboratory of Animal Science. PATIENTS AND ANIMALS Five women with ovarian endometrioma, 138 wild-type (WT) C57BL/6N mice, and 48 Tenascin C (Tnc) knockout (TncKO) mice. INTERVENTIONS To establish a murine endometriosis model, 20 pieces of minced uterine tissue fragments from each horn were administered intraperitoneally to syngeneic mice. Three days later, endometriotic lesions and peritoneal tissues were collected. Separately, we transfected human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) or human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) with Tnc small interfering ribonucleic acid. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We employed a polymerase chain reaction array to profile gene expression in the murine peritoneum, in both peritoneum distal to lesions and peritoneum surrounding lesions (PSL). The expression of upregulated genes in the PSL was verified in the peritoneal samples by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. TncKO mice were used to investigate the role of Tnc in the development of endometriosis. We evaluated the proliferative activity or inflammatory state of lesions by Ki67 or CD3 immunostaining. Intraperitoneal distribution of macrophages was assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Using Tnc small interfering ribonucleic acid, we examined the invasive capacity of hESCs in a coculture system with HMrSV5. RESULTS Tnc gene expression was significantly higher in PSL than in peritoneum distal to lesions. The weight and number of TncKO lesions in TncKO hosts were lower than those of WT lesions in WT hosts. In contrast, the weight and number of nonattached TncKO lesions in TncKO hosts were higher than those of nonattached WT lesions in WT hosts. We observed decreased Ki67-positive cells or H-scores for CD3, a lower proportion of M1 macrophages, and a higher proportion of M2 macrophages in TncKO lesions in TncKO recipients. Silencing of Tnc expression in hESCs and HMrSV5 diminished the invasivity of hESCs. CONCLUSION Tnc may be a crucial factor in the development of early peritoneal endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maako Moriyama
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Nakamura
- Advanced Medicine, Innovation and Clinical Research Center, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagata
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Ikumi Wada
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Kei Nagira
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Azuma
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Eri Sato
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Tasuku Harada
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan
| | - Fuminori Taniguchi
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.
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Yonemura A, Semba T, Zhang J, Fan Y, Yasuda-Yoshihara N, Wang H, Uchihara T, Yasuda T, Nishimura A, Fu L, Hu X, Wei F, Kitamura F, Akiyama T, Yamashita K, Eto K, Iwagami S, Iwatsuki M, Miyamoto Y, Matsusaki K, Yamasaki J, Nagano O, Saya H, Song S, Tan P, Baba H, Ajani JA, Ishimoto T. Mesothelial cells with mesenchymal features enhance peritoneal dissemination by forming a protumorigenic microenvironment. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113613. [PMID: 38232734 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant ascites accompanied by peritoneal dissemination contain various factors and cell populations as well as cancer cells; however, how the tumor microenvironment is shaped in ascites remains unclear. Single-cell proteomic profiling and a comprehensive proteomic analysis are conducted to comprehensively characterize malignant ascites. Here, we find defects in immune effectors along with immunosuppressive cell accumulation in ascites of patients with gastric cancer (GC) and identify five distinct subpopulations of CD45(-)/EpCAM(-) cells. Mesothelial cells with mesenchymal features in CD45(-)/EpCAM(-) cells are the predominant source of chemokines involved in immunosuppressive myeloid cell (IMC) recruitment. Moreover, mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT)-induced mesothelial cells strongly express extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes, including tenascin-C (TNC), enhancing metastatic colonization. These findings highlight the definite roles of the mesenchymal cell population in the development of a protumorigenic microenvironment to promote peritoneal dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Yonemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Semba
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Yibo Fan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Noriko Yasuda-Yoshihara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Huaitao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Uchihara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tadahito Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Akiho Nishimura
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Lingfeng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Xichen Hu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Fumimasa Kitamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Takahiko Akiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kojiro Eto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shiro Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | | | - Juntaro Yamasaki
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Division of Gene Regulation, Cancer Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Osamu Nagano
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Division of Gene Regulation, Cancer Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Division of Gene Regulation, Cancer Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Patrick Tan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan; Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
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Ozanne J, Shek B, Stephen LA, Novak A, Milne E, Mclachlan G, Midwood KS, Farquharson C. Tenascin-C is a driver of inflammation in the DSS model of colitis. Matrix Biol Plus 2022; 14:100112. [PMID: 35669358 PMCID: PMC9166467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2022.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased tenascin-C staining appeared to predominantly occur in damaged ulcerated areas. Tenascin-C knock-out mice were partly protected from DSS induced colitis. Mice deficient in tenascin-C had areas of + ve EpCAM staining indicating that crypt and epithelial integrity was maintained.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a grouping of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gut. Tenascin-C is a pro-inflammatory, extracellular matrix protein found upregulated in IBD patients and whilst a pathological driver of chronic inflammation, its precise role in the etiology of IBD is unknown. To study tenascin-C’s role in colitis pathology we investigated its expression in a murine model of IBD. Wild-type (WT) or tenascin-C knockout (KO) male mice were left untreated or treated with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in their drinking water. Tenascin-C was upregulated at the mRNA level in the colitic distal colon of day eight DSS treated mice, coinciding with significant increases in gross and histological pathology. Immunohistochemistry localized this increase in tenascin-C to areas of inflammation and ulceration in the mucosa. Tenascin-C KO mice exhibited reduced gross pathology in comparison. These differences also extended to the histopathological level where reduced colonic inflammation and tissue damage were found in KO compared to WT mice. Furthermore, the severity of the distal colon lesions were less in the KO mice after 17 days of recovery from DSS treatment. This study demonstrates a role for tenascin-C as a driver of inflammatory pathology in a murine model of IBD and thus suggests neutralizing its pro-inflammatory activity could be explored as a therapeutic strategy for treating IBD.
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Nagel F, Schaefer AK, Gonçalves IF, Acar E, Oszwald A, Kaiser P, Kain R, Trescher K, Eilenberg WH, Brostjan C, Santer D, Kiss A, Podesser BK. OUP accepted manuscript. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2022; 34:841-848. [PMID: 35137102 PMCID: PMC9070497 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Nagel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Anne-Kristin Schaefer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Inês Fonseca Gonçalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andre Oszwald
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Kaiser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karola Trescher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Wolf H Eilenberg
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Santer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University, St. Pölten, Austria
- Corresponding author. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Leitstelle 1Q, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Tel: +43-140400-52210; fax: +43-140400-52290; e-mail: (B.K. Podesser)
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Perera-Gonzalez M, Kiss A, Kaiser P, Holzweber M, Nagel F, Watzinger S, Acar E, Szabo PL, Gonçalves IF, Weber L, Pilz PM, Budinsky L, Helbich T, Podesser BK. The Role of Tenascin C in Cardiac Reverse Remodeling Following Banding-Debanding of the Ascending Aorta. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042023. [PMID: 33670747 PMCID: PMC7921966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tenascin-C (TN-C) plays a maladaptive role in left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy following pressure overload. However, the role of TN-C in LV regression following mechanical unloading is unknown. Methods: LV hypertrophy was induced by transverse aortic constriction for 10 weeks followed by debanding for 2 weeks in wild type (Wt) and TN-C knockout (TN-C KO) mice. Cardiac function was assessed by serial magnetic resonance imaging. The expression of fibrotic markers and drivers (angiotensin-converting enzyme-1, ACE-1) was determined in LV tissue as well as human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) after TN-C treatment. Results: Chronic pressure overload resulted in a significant decline in cardiac function associated with LV dilation as well as upregulation of TN-C, collagen 1 (Col 1), and ACE-1 in Wt as compared to TN-C KO mice. Reverse remodeling in Wt mice partially improved cardiac function and fibrotic marker expression; however, TN-C protein expression remained unchanged. In HCF, TN-C strongly induced the upregulation of ACE 1 and Col 1. Conclusions: Pressure overload, when lasting long enough to induce HF, has less potential for reverse remodeling in mice. This may be due to significant upregulation of TN-C expression, which stimulates ACE 1, Col 1, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) upregulation in fibroblasts. Consequently, addressing TN-C in LV hypertrophy might open a new window for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Perera-Gonzalez
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
- Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering Department, Carlos III University of Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Philipp Kaiser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Michael Holzweber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Felix Nagel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Poelten, 3100 St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Simon Watzinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Petra Lujza Szabo
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Inês Fonseca Gonçalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Lukas Weber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Patrick Michael Pilz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
| | - Lubos Budinsky
- Preclinical Imaging Lab at the Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (T.H.)
| | - Thomas Helbich
- Preclinical Imaging Lab at the Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (T.H.)
| | - Bruno Karl Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.P.-G.); (A.K.); (P.K.); (M.H.); (F.N.); (S.W.); eylem-@hotmail.com (E.A.); (P.L.S.); (I.F.G.); (L.W.); (P.M.P.)
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital St. Poelten, 3100 St. Poelten, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-52210
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Matsumoto KI, Aoki H. The Roles of Tenascins in Cardiovascular, Inflammatory, and Heritable Connective Tissue Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:609752. [PMID: 33335533 PMCID: PMC7736112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins with time- and tissue specific expression patterns during development, tissue homeostasis, and diseases. There are four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, -W) in vertebrates. Among them, tenascin-X (TNX) and tenascin-C (TNC) play important roles in human pathologies. TNX is expressed widely in loose connective tissues. TNX contributes to the stability and maintenance of the collagen network, and its absence causes classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (clEDS), a heritable connective tissue disorder. In contrast, TNC is specifically and transiently expressed upon pathological conditions such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. There is growing evidence that TNC is involved in inflammatory processes with proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize the roles of these two tenascins, TNX and TNC, in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases and in clEDS, and we discuss the functional consequences of the expression of these tenascins for tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoki
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
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Santer D, Nagel F, Gonçalves IF, Kaun C, Wojta J, Fagyas M, Krššák M, Balogh Á, Papp Z, Tóth A, Bánhegyi V, Trescher K, Kiss A, Podesser BK. Tenascin-C aggravates ventricular dilatation and angiotensin-converting enzyme activity after myocardial infarction in mice. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2113-2122. [PMID: 32639674 PMCID: PMC7524253 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Tenascin-C (TN-C) is suggested to be detrimental in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of TN-C on extracellular matrix organization and its haemodynamic influence in an experimental mouse model of MI and in myocardial cell culture during hypoxic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial infarction was induced in TN-C knockout (TN-C KO) and wild-type mice. Six weeks later, cardiac function was studied by magnetic resonance imaging and under isolated working heart conditions. Myocardial mRNA levels and immunoreactivity of TN-C, TIMP-1, TIMP-3, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, as well as serum and tissue activities of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), were determined at 1 and 6 weeks after infarction. Cardiac output and external heart work were higher, while left ventricular wall stress and collagen expression were decreased (P < 0.05) in TN-C KO mice as compared with age-matched controls at 6 weeks after infarction. TIMP-1 expression was down-regulated at 1 and 6 weeks, and TIMP-3 expression was up-regulated at 1 week (P < 0.01) after infarction in knockout mice. MMP-9 level was lower in TN-C KO at 6 weeks after infarction (P < 0.05). TIMP-3/MMP-9 ratio was higher in knockout mice at 1 and 6 weeks after infarction (P < 0.01). ACE activity in the myocardial border zone (i.e. between scar and free wall) was significantly lower in knockout than in wild-type mice 1 week after MI (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Tenascin-C expression is induced by hypoxia in association with ACE activity and MMP-2 and MMP-9 elevations, thereby promoting left ventricular dilatation after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Santer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Nagel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Inês Fonseca Gonçalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kaun
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Wojta
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miklós Fagyas
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Martin Krššák
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ágnes Balogh
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Papp
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Tóth
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktor Bánhegyi
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Karola Trescher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1Q, Vienna, 1090, Austria.,Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Private University for Health Sciences, St. Pölten, Austria
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8
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Kimura T, Tajiri K, Sato A, Sakai S, Wang Z, Yoshida T, Uede T, Hiroe M, Aonuma K, Ieda M, Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C accelerates adverse ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction by modulating macrophage polarization. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:614-624. [PMID: 30295707 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an extracellular matrix protein undetected in the normal adult heart, but expressed in several heart diseases associated with inflammation. We previously reported that serum TN-C levels of myocardial infarction (MI) patients were elevated during the acute stage, and that patients with high peak TN-C levels were at high risk of left ventricular (LV) remodelling and poor outcome, suggesting that TN-C could play a significant role in the progression of ventricular remodelling. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms associated with this process remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms associated with TN-C in adverse remodelling after MI. METHODS AND RESULTS MI was induced by permanent ligation of the coronary artery of TN-C knockout (TN-C-KO) and wild type (WT) mice. In WT mice, TN-C was expressed at the borders between intact and necrotic areas, with a peak at 3 days post-MI and observed in the immediate vicinity of infiltrating macrophages. TN-C-KO mice were protected from ventricular adverse remodelling as evidenced by a higher LV ejection fraction as compared with WT mice (19.0 ± 6.3% vs. 10.6 ± 4.4%; P < 0.001) at 3 months post-MI. During the acute phase, flow-cytometric analyses showed a decrease in F4/80+CD206lowCD45+ M1 macrophages and an increase in F4/80+CD206highCD45+ M2 macrophages in the TN-C-KO heart. To clarify the role of TN-C on macrophage polarization, we examined the direct effect of TN-C on bone marrow-derived macrophages in culture, observing that TN-C promoted macrophage shifting into an M1 phenotype via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Under M2-skewing conditions, TN-C suppressed the expression of interferon regulatory factor 4, a key transcription factor that controls M2-macrophage polarization, via TLR4, thereby inhibiting M2 polarization. CONCLUSION These results suggested that TN-C accelerates LV remodelling after MI, at least in part, by modulating M1/M2-macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taizo Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Uede
- Department of Matrix Medicine, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michiaki Hiroe
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan.,National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
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9
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Gruber BL, Mienaltowski MJ, MacLeod JN, Schittny J, Kasper S, Flück M. Tenascin-C expression controls the maturation of articular cartilage in mice. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:78. [PMID: 32066496 PMCID: PMC7027060 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-4906-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Expression of the de-adhesive extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C (TNC) is associated with the early postnatal development of articular cartilage which is both load-dependent and associated with chondrocyte differentiation. We assessed morphological changes in the articular cartilage of TNC deficient mice at postnatal ages of 1, 4 and 8 weeks compared to age-matched wildtype mice. RESULTS Cartilage integrity was assessed based on hematoxylin and eosin stained-sections from the tibial bone using a modified Mankin score. Chondrocyte density and cartilage thickness were assessed morphometrically. TNC expression was localized based on immunostaining. At 8 weeks of age, the formed tangential/transitional zone of the articular cartilage was 27% thicker and the density of chondrocytes in the articular cartilage was 55% lower in wildtype than the TNC-deficient mice. TNC protein expression was associated with chondrocytes. No relevant changes were found in mice at 1 and 4 weeks of age. The findings indicate a role of tenascin-C in the post-natal maturation of the extracellular matrix in articular cartilage. This might be a compensatory mechanism to strengthen resilience against mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian L Gruber
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Balgrist Campus, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael J Mienaltowski
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - James N MacLeod
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Kasper
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Balgrist Campus, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Flück
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Department of Orthopedics, University of Zurich, Balgrist Campus, Lengghalde 5, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Institute of Anatomy, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
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10
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Abbadi D, Laroumanie F, Bizou M, Pozzo J, Daviaud D, Delage C, Calise D, Gaits-Iacovoni F, Dutaur M, Tortosa F, Renaud-Gabardos E, Douin-Echinard V, Prats AC, Roncalli J, Parini A, Pizzinat N. Local production of tenascin-C acts as a trigger for monocyte/macrophage recruitment that provokes cardiac dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:123-137. [PMID: 29136112 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Tenascin-C (TNC) is an endogenous danger signal molecule strongly associated with inflammatory diseases and with poor outcome in patients with cardiomyopathies. Its function within pathological cardiac tissue during pressure overload remains poorly understood. Methods and results We showed that TNC accumulates after 1 week of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in the heart of 12-week-old male mice. By cross bone marrow transplantation experiments, we determined that TNC deposition relied on cardiac cells and not on haematopoietic cells. The expression of TNC induced by TAC, or by administration of a recombinant lentivector coding for TNC, triggered a pro-inflammatory cardiac microenvironment, monocyte/macrophage (MO/MΦ) accumulation, and systolic dysfunction. TNC modified macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory phenotype and stimulated RhoA/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) pathways to promote mesenchymal to amoeboid transition that enhanced macrophage migration into fibrillar collagen matrices. The amplification of inflammation and MO/MΦ recruitment by TNC was abrogated by genetic invalidation of TNC in knockout mice. These mice showed less ventricular remodelling and an improved cardiac function after TAC as compared with wild-type mice. Conclusions By promoting a pro-inflammatory microenvironment and macrophage migration, TNC appears to be a key factor to enable the MO/MΦ accumulation within fibrotic hearts leading to cardiac dysfunction. As TNC is highly expressed during inflammation and sparsely during the steady state, its inhibition could be a promising therapeutic strategy to control inflammation and immune cell infiltration in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounia Abbadi
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Mathilde Bizou
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Joffrey Pozzo
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Christine Delage
- UMS006-Microsurgery Facility, 1, avenue du Professeur Jean Poulhés, Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Calise
- UMS006-Microsurgery Facility, 1, avenue du Professeur Jean Poulhés, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jerome Roncalli
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Angelo Parini
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
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11
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Matsumoto KI. Multiple Roles of Tenascins in Homeostasis and Pathophysiology of Aorta. Ann Vasc Dis 2018; 11:169-180. [PMID: 30116408 PMCID: PMC6094038 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.17-00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins. Four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, and -W) have been identified to date. Each member consists of the same types of structural domains and exhibits time- and tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting their specific roles in embryonic development and tissue remodeling. Among them, the significant involvement of tenascin-C (TNC) and tenascin-X (TNX) in the progression of vascular diseases has been examined in detail. TNC is strongly up-regulated under pathological conditions, induced by a number of inflammatory mediators and mechanical stress. TNC has diverse functions, particularly in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Recent studies suggest that TNC is involved in the pathophysiology of aneurysmal and dissecting lesions, in part by protecting the vascular wall from destructive mechanical stress. TNX is strongly expressed in vascular walls, and its distribution is often reciprocal to that of TNC. TNX is involved in the stability and maintenance of the collagen network and elastin fibers. A deficiency in TNX results in a form of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS). Although their exact roles in vascular diseases have not yet been elucidated, TNC and TNX are now being recognized as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and risk stratification of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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12
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Marzeda AM, Midwood KS. Internal Affairs: Tenascin-C as a Clinically Relevant, Endogenous Driver of Innate Immunity. J Histochem Cytochem 2018; 66:289-304. [PMID: 29385356 PMCID: PMC5958381 DOI: 10.1369/0022155418757443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To protect against danger, the innate immune system must promptly and accurately sense alarm signals, and mount an appropriate response to restore homeostasis. One endogenous trigger of immunity is tenascin-C, a large hexameric protein of the extracellular matrix. Upregulated upon tissue injury and cellular stress, tenascin-C is expressed during inflammation and tissue remodeling, where it influences cellular behavior by interacting with a multitude of molecular targets, including other matrix components, cell surface proteins, and growth factors. Here, we discuss how these interactions confer upon tenascin-C distinct immunomodulatory capabilities that make this matrix molecule necessary for efficient tissue repair. We also highlight in vivo studies that provide insight into the consequences of misregulated tenascin-C expression on inflammation and fibrosis during a wide range of inflammatory diseases. Finally, we examine how its unique expression pattern and inflammatory actions make tenascin-C a viable target for clinical exploitation in both diagnostic and therapeutic arenas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Marzeda
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kim S Midwood
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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13
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Bone Marrow-Derived Tenascin-C Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Controlling Inflammation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70:1601-1615. [PMID: 28935038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.07.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenascin-C (TNC) is a highly conserved matricellular protein with a distinct expression pattern during development and disease. Remodeling of the left ventricle (LV) in response to pressure overload leads to the re-expression of the fetal gene program. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the function of TNC in cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload. METHODS Pressure overload was induced in TNC knockout and wild-type mice by constricting their abdominal aorta or by infusion of angiotensin II. Echocardiography, immunostaining, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and reciprocal bone marrow transplantation were used to evaluate the effect of TNC deficiency. RESULTS Echocardiographic analysis of pressure overloaded hearts revealed that all LV parameters (LV end-diastolic and -systolic dimensions, ejection fraction, and fractional shortening) deteriorated in TNC-deficient mice compared with their wild-type counterparts. Cardiomyocyte size and collagen accumulation were significantly greater in the absence of TNC. Mechanistically, TNC deficiency promoted rapid accumulation of the CCR2+/Ly6Chi monocyte/macrophage subset into the myocardium in response to pressure overload. Further, echocardiographic and immunohistochemical analyses of recipient hearts showed that expression of TNC in the bone marrow, but not the myocardium, protected the myocardium against excessive remodeling of the pressure-overloaded heart. CONCLUSIONS TNC deficiency further impaired cardiac function in response to pressure overload and exacerbated fibrosis by enhancing inflammation. In addition, expression of TNC in the bone marrow, but not the myocardium, protected the myocardium against excessive remodeling in response to mild pressure overload.
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14
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Matsumoto K, Nakai Y, Hoshino M, Yamazaki K, Takioto Y, Takadera S, Nakagawa T, Nishimura R, Kusakabe M. Comprehensive DNA microarray expression profiles of tumors in tenascin-C-knockout mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1926-1936. [PMID: 28874093 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1362975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, plays a pivotal role in tumor growth. However, the mechanism whereby TNC affects tumor biology remains unclear. To investigate the exact role of TNC in primary tumor growth, a mouse mammary tumor cell line, GLMT1, was first developed. Subsequently, global gene expression in GLMT1-derived tumors was compared between wild-type (WT) and TNC-knockout (TNKO) mice. Tumors in WT mice were significantly larger than those in TNKO mice. DNA microarray analysis revealed 447 up and 667 downregulated in the tumors inoculated into TNKO mice as compared to tumors in WT mice. Validation by quantitative gene expression analysis showed that Tnc, Cxcl1, Cxcl2, and Cxcr2 were significantly upregulated in WT mice. We hypothesize that TNC stimulates the CXCL1/2-CXCR2 pathway involved in cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Matsumoto
- a Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yuji Nakai
- b Institute for Food Sciences , Hirosaki University , Aomori , Japan
| | - Masaru Hoshino
- c Advanced Technology Research Laboratory, Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Koki Yamazaki
- c Advanced Technology Research Laboratory, Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takioto
- c Advanced Technology Research Laboratory, Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Satoru Takadera
- c Advanced Technology Research Laboratory, Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- a Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishimura
- a Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Moriaki Kusakabe
- c Advanced Technology Research Laboratory, Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
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15
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Bhattacharyya S, Wang W, Morales-Nebreda L, Feng G, Wu M, Zhou X, Lafyatis R, Lee J, Hinchcliff M, Feghali-Bostwick C, Lakota K, Budinger GRS, Raparia K, Tamaki Z, Varga J. Tenascin-C drives persistence of organ fibrosis. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11703. [PMID: 27256716 PMCID: PMC4895803 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The factors responsible for maintaining persistent organ fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc) are not known but emerging evidence implicates toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the pathogenesis of SSc. Here we show the expression, mechanism of action and pathogenic role of endogenous TLR activators in skin from patients with SSc, skin fibroblasts, and in mouse models of organ fibrosis. Levels of tenascin-C are elevated in SSc skin biopsy samples, and serum and SSc fibroblasts, and in fibrotic skin tissues from mice. Exogenous tenascin-C stimulates collagen gene expression and myofibroblast transformation via TLR4 signalling. Mice lacking tenascin-C show attenuation of skin and lung fibrosis, and accelerated fibrosis resolution. These results identify tenascin-C as an endogenous danger signal that is upregulated in SSc and drives TLR4-dependent fibroblast activation, and by its persistence impedes fibrosis resolution. Disrupting this fibrosis amplification loop might be a viable strategy for the treatment of SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Bhattacharyya
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | | | - Gang Feng
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Minghua Wu
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jungwha Lee
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Monique Hinchcliff
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | | | - Katja Lakota
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - G. R. Scott Budinger
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Kirtee Raparia
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Zenshiro Tamaki
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - John Varga
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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16
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Kasprzycka M, Hammarström C, Haraldsen G. Tenascins in fibrotic disorders-from bench to bedside. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 9:83-9. [PMID: 25793575 DOI: 10.4161/19336918.2014.994901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fibrosis is becoming increasingly recognized as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic inflammatory diseases, available treatment strategies are limited. Tenascins constitute a family of matricellular proteins, primarily modulating interactions of cells with other matrix components and growth factors. Data obtained from tenascin C deficient mice show important roles of this molecule in several models of fibrosis. Moreover there is growing evidence that tenascin C has a strong impact on chronic inflammation, myofibroblast differentiation and recruitment. Tenascin C as well as tenascin X has furthermore been shown to affect TGF-β activation and signaling. Taken together these data suggest that these proteins might be important factors in fibrosis development and make them attractive both as biological markers and as targets for therapeutical intervention. So far most clinical research in fibrosis has been focused on tenascin C. This review aims at summarizing our up-to-date knowledge on the involvement of tenascin C in the pathogenesis of fibrotic disorders.
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17
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Shinohara Y, Okamoto K, Goh Y, Kiga N, Tojyo I, Fujita S. Inhibition of fibrous adhesion formation in the temporomandibular joint of tenascin-C knockout mice. Eur J Histochem 2014; 58:2337. [PMID: 25578971 PMCID: PMC4289843 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2014.2337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large hexameric extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is expressed in developing organs and tumors. It has been reported that TNC is expressed in inflamed synovial membranes and deformed discs of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. However, the role of TNC in TMJ is not fully known. In this study, the role of TNC in fibrous adhesion formation of TMJ was examined using TNC knockout (TNCKO) mice. Hypermobility was produced by excessive mouth opening method on the TMJ of both wild-type (WT) and TNCKO mice. TMJ wound healing was compared histologically, and the expression of TNC, fibronectin (FN) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the wounded TMJ was examined by immunohistochemical and immunoblot analyses. Based on histologic analysis, fibrous adhesions were observed in the TMJ of both TNCKO and wild-type (WT) mice after excessive mouth opening. However, fibrous adhesion formation in TNCKO mice occurred later than in WT mice. TNC was expressed in the wounded TMJ disc and mandibular fossa. Although FN and α-SMA expression in the TMJ of TNCKO and WT mice was up-regulated after excessive mouth opening, FN and α-SMA protein levels were higher in WT mice at the same time points. In the wounded TMJ, TNC appears to enhance the expression of FN and α-SMA, and a lack of TNC may reduce fibrous adhesion formation in the TMJ. TNC plays an important role in TMJ wound healing, especially for wounds generated by mechanical stress.
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18
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Islam MS, Kusakabe M, Horiguchi K, Iino S, Nakamura T, Iwanaga K, Hashimoto H, Matsumoto S, Murata T, Hori M, Ozaki H. PDGF and TGF-β promote tenascin-C expression in subepithelial myofibroblasts and contribute to intestinal mucosal protection in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:375-88. [PMID: 24116743 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tenascin-C (TnC) is a multi-domain extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is expressed at a high level during embryogenesis but is almost absent during normal postnatal life. This multi-domain complex molecule is reported to associate with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signalling cascades. In this study, we examined how TnC modulated intestinal inflammation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TnC pathophysiology was evaluated in cultures of rat intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts (ISEMF) and intestinal epithelial cells. Wild-type and TnC(-/-) mice were treated with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce colitis. KEY RESULTS DSS-induced colitis in mice markedly increased TnC in the damaged mucosal areas and up-regulated mRNA for TnC, pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors (PDGF-B and TGF-β1). In addition, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis and SAMP1/Yit mice, a model of spontaneous Crohn's disease, also exhibited increased mucosal TnC in colon and ilea respectively. PDGF receptor-α (PDGFRα) positive ISEMF were the primary TnC-producing cells in colon tissues. Accordingly, ISEMF collected from the rat colon constitutively expressed both TnC and PDGFRα. PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 up-regulated both TnC mRNA and protein levels in ISEMF. Knock-down of TnC gene increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis, compared with TnC(+/+) littermates. TnC(-/-) mice showed marked abrasion of intestinal mucosal barrier and increased inflammatory scores. Moreover, TnC accelerated both trans-well migration and wound healing in epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The pharmacological profiles of PDGF-BB and TGF-β in colitis tissues and ISEMF suggest that increased TnC production during inflammation contributed to epithelial cell migration, remodelling and protection of intestinal barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Islam
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Schreiber J, Schachner M, Schumacher U, Lorke DE. Extracellular matrix alterations, accelerated leukocyte infiltration and enhanced axonal sprouting after spinal cord hemisection in tenascin-C-deficient mice. Acta Histochem 2013; 115:865-78. [PMID: 23701962 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C has been implicated in wound repair and axonal growth. Its role in mammalian spinal cord injury is largely unknown. In vitro it can be both neurite-outgrowth promoting and repellent. To assess its effects on glial reactions, extracellular matrix formation, and axonal regrowth/sprouting in vivo, 20 tenascin-C-deficient and 20 wild type control mice underwent lumbar spinal cord hemisection. One, three, seven and fourteen days post-surgery, cryostat sections of the spinal cord were examined by conventional histology and by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against F4/80 (microglia/macrophage), GFAP (astroglia), neurofilament, fibronectin, laminin and collagen type IV. Fibronectin immunoreactivity was significantly down-regulated in tenascin-C-deficient mice. Moreover, fourteen days after injury, immunodensity of neurofilament-positive fibers was two orders of magnitude higher along the incision edges of tenascin-C-deficient mice as compared to control mice. In addition, lymphocyte infiltration was seen two days earlier in tenascin-C-deficient mice than in control mice and neutrophil infiltration was increased seven days after injury. The increase in thin neurofilament positive fibers in tenascin-C-deficient mice indicates that lack of tenascin-C alters the inflammatory reaction and extracellular matrix composition in a way that penetration of axonal fibers into spinal cord scar tissue may be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Schreiber
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Experimental Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 8 (SSL8) binds to tenascin C and inhibits tenascin C-fibronectin interaction and cell motility of keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 433:127-32. [PMID: 23485472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcal superantigen-like protein (SSL), a family of exotoxins composed of 14 SSLs, exhibits no superantigenic activity despite of its structural similarity with superantigens. Several SSLs have been revealed to bind to host immune molecules such as IgA, IgG, complement and cell surface molecules expressed on immune cells, but the physiological function of SSL family has not been fully identified. In this study we attempted to isolate host target proteins of SSLs from human breast milk using SSLs-conjugated Sepharose. SSL8-conjugated Sepharose specifically recovered tenascin C (TNC), a multimodular and multifunctional extracellular matrix protein. Pull down analysis using SSL8-conjugated Sepharose and recombinant truncated fragments of TNC revealed that SSL8 interacts with fibronectin (FN) type III repeats 1-5 of TNC. The interaction of TNC with immobilized FN was attenuated, the scratch wound closure by HaCaT human keratinocytes was delayed and the inhibition of cell spreading on FN by TNC was recovered in the presence of SSL8. These findings suggest that SSL8 binds to TNC, thereby inhibits the TNC-FN interaction and motility of keratinocytes. The present study added a novel role of SSL family protein as an interrupting molecule against the function of extracellular matrix.
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Jakovcevski I, Miljkovic D, Schachner M, Andjus PR. Tenascins and inflammation in disorders of the nervous system. Amino Acids 2012; 44:1115-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
The term matricellular proteins describes a family of structurally unrelated extracellular macromolecules that, unlike structural matrix proteins, do not play a primary role in tissue architecture, but are induced following injury and modulate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. When released to the matrix, matricellular proteins associate with growth factors, cytokines, and other bioactive effectors and bind to cell surface receptors transducing signaling cascades. Matricellular proteins are upregulated in the injured and remodeling heart and play an important role in regulation of inflammatory, reparative, fibrotic and angiogenic pathways. Thrombospondin (TSP)-1, -2, and -4 as well as tenascin-C and -X secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), osteopontin, periostin, and members of the CCN family (including CCN1 and CCN2/connective tissue growth factor) are involved in a variety of cardiac pathophysiological conditions, including myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, aging-associated myocardial remodeling, myocarditis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease. This review discusses the properties and characteristics of the matricellular proteins and presents our current knowledge on their role in cardiac adaptation and disease. Understanding the role of matricellular proteins in myocardial pathophysiology and identification of the functional domains responsible for their actions may lead to design of peptides with therapeutic potential for patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Forchheimer G46B, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C is required in the bone marrow microenvironment primed for hematopoietic regeneration. Blood 2012; 119:5429-37. [PMID: 22553313 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-11-393645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The BM microenvironment is required for the maintenance, proliferation, and mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), both during steady-state conditions and hematopoietic recovery after myeloablation. The ECM meshwork has long been recognized as a major anatomical component of the BM microenvironment; however, the molecular signatures and functions of the ECM to support HSPCs are poorly understood. Of the many ECM proteins, the expression of tenascin-C (TN-C) was found to be dramatically up-regulated during hematopoietic recovery after myeloablation. The TN-C gene was predominantly expressed in stromal cells and endothelial cells, known as BM niche cells, supporting the function of HSPCs. Mice lacking TN-C (TN-C(-/-)) mice showed normal steady-state hematopoiesis; however, they failed to reconstitute hematopoiesis after BM ablation and showed high lethality. The capacity to support transplanted wild-type hematopoietic cells to regenerate hematopoiesis was reduced in TN-C(-/-) recipient mice. In vitro culture on a TN-C substratum promoted the proliferation of HSPCs in an integrin α9-dependent manner and up-regulated the expression of the cyclins (cyclinD1 and cyclinE1) and down-regulated the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p57(Kip2), p21(Cip1), p16(Ink4a)). These results identify TN-C as a critical component of the BM microenvironment that is required for hematopoietic regeneration.
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Koide Y, Urano Y, Hanaoka K, Piao W, Kusakabe M, Saito N, Terai T, Okabe T, Nagano T. Development of NIR Fluorescent Dyes Based on Si–rhodamine for in Vivo Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5029-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ja210375e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Koide
- CREST, JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda,
Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | | | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- CREST, JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda,
Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Wen Piao
- CREST, JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda,
Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Moriaki Kusakabe
- Matrix Cell Research Institute, Inc., Ushiku, Ibaraki, 300-1232, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Terai
- CREST, JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda,
Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuo Nagano
- CREST, JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda,
Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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Schauer IG, Rowley DR. The functional role of reactive stroma in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Differentiation 2011; 82:200-10. [PMID: 21664759 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The human prostate gland is one of the only internal organs that continue to enlarge throughout adulthood. The specific mechanisms that regulate this growth, as well as the pathological changes leading to the phenotype observed in the disease benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), are essentially unknown. Recent studies and their associated findings have made clear that many complex alterations occur, involving persistent and chronic inflammation, circulating hormonal level deregulation, and aberrant wound repair processes. BPH has been etiologically characterized as a progressive, albeit discontinuous, hyperplasia of both the glandular epithelial and the stromal cell compartments coordinately yielding an expansion of the prostate gland and clinical symptoms. Interestingly, the inflammatory and repair responses observed in BPH are also key components of general wound repair in post-natal tissues. These responses include altered expression of chemokines, cytokines, matrix remodeling factors, chronic inflammatory processes, altered immune surveillance and recognition, as well as the formation of a prototypical 'reactive' stroma, which is similar to that observed across various fibroplasias and malignancies of a variety of tissue sites. Stromal tissue, both embryonic mesenchyme and adult reactive stroma myofibroblasts, has been shown to exert potent and functional regulatory control over epithelial proliferation and differentiation as well as immunoresponsive modulation. Thus, the functional biology of a reactive stroma, within the context of an adult disease typified by epithelial and stromal aberrant hyperplasia, is critical to understand within the context of prostate disease and beyond. The mechanisms that regulate reactive stroma biology in BPH represent targets of opportunity for new therapeutic approaches that may extend to other tissue contexts. Accordingly, this review seeks to address the dissection of important factors, signaling pathways, genes, and other regulatory components that mediate the interplay between epithelium and stromal responses in BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaiah G Schauer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, One Baylor Plaza, Jewish Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 325D, mailstop BCM130, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Tucker RP. Tenascins and the importance of adhesion modulation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2011; 3:cshperspect.a004960. [PMID: 21441591 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a004960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of extracellular matrix proteins that evolved in early chordates. There are four family members: tenascin-X, tenascin-R, tenascin-W, and tenascin-C. Tenascin-X associates with type I collagen, and its absence can cause Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. In contrast, tenascin-R is concentrated in perineuronal nets. The expression of tenascin-C and tenascin-W is developmentally regulated, and both are expressed during disease (e.g., both are associated with cancer stroma and tumor blood vessels). In addition, tenascin-C is highly induced by infections and inflammation. Accordingly, the tenascin-C knockout mouse has a reduced inflammatory response. All tenascins have the potential to modify cell adhesion either directly or through interaction with fibronectin, and cell-tenascin interactions typically lead to increased cell motility. In the case of tenascin-C, there is a correlation between elevated expression and increased metastasis in several types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland.
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Okamura N, Hasegawa M, Nakoshi Y, Iino T, Sudo A, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yoshida T, Uchida A. Deficiency of tenascin-C delays articular cartilage repair in mice. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:839-48. [PMID: 19747998 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In human articular cartilage, tenascin-C (TN-C) expression decreases during maturation of chondrocytes, and almost disappears in adults; however, it reappears in damaged cartilage. To examine the effects of TN-C on cartilage degeneration and repair, we compared articular cartilage degeneration between wild-type (WT) and tenascin-C knockout mouse (TNKO) mice using a spontaneous osteoarthritis (OA) in aged joints and surgical OA model. In addition, we made full-thickness cartilage defects and compared the cartilage repair process between the two groups. METHODS The surgical procedure to create degenerative OA model was performed by transecting the anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament. Full-thickness defects were created in the center of the femoral trochlea to evaluate cartilage repair. Sections of cartilage were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or safranin-O, and immunostaining for TN-C. The degrees of degeneration and repair were graded. RESULTS In the WT surgical OA model, the articular cartilage was almost normal at 2 weeks, but safranin-O decreased staining at 4 weeks. In TNKO mice, safranin-O decreased staining at 2 weeks, and cartilage was injured intensely at 4 weeks. In the cartilage repair model, TN-C was expressed after 1 week, was strongly expressed in the upper layer of regenerated tissue after 3 weeks, and disappeared after 6 weeks. The defects were restored until 6 weeks in WT mice; however, defects in TNKO mice were filled with fibrous tissue with no cartilage-like tissue. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that cartilage repair in TNKO mice was significantly slower than that in WT mice and that the deficiency of TN-C progressed during cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Okamura
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix molecule tenascin-C is highly expressed during embryonic development, tissue repair and in pathological situations such as chronic inflammation and cancer. Tenascin-C interacts with several other extracellular matrix molecules and cell-surface receptors, thus affecting tissue architecture, tissue resilience and cell responses. Tenascin-C modulates cell migration, proliferation and cellular signaling through induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oncogenic signaling molecules amongst other mechanisms. Given the causal role of inflammation in cancer progression, common mechanisms might be controlled by tenascin-C during both events. Drugs targeting the expression or function of tenascin-C or the tenascin-C protein itself are currently being developed and some drugs have already reached advanced clinical trials. This generates hope that increased knowledge about tenascin-C will further improve management of diseases with high tenascin-C expression such as chronic inflammation, heart failure, artheriosclerosis and cancer.
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Midwood KS, Orend G. The role of tenascin-C in tissue injury and tumorigenesis. J Cell Commun Signal 2009; 3:287-310. [PMID: 19838819 PMCID: PMC2778592 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-009-0075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix molecule tenascin-C is highly expressed during embryonic development, tissue repair and in pathological situations such as chronic inflammation and cancer. Tenascin-C interacts with several other extracellular matrix molecules and cell-surface receptors, thus affecting tissue architecture, tissue resilience and cell responses. Tenascin-C modulates cell migration, proliferation and cellular signaling through induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oncogenic signaling molecules amongst other mechanisms. Given the causal role of inflammation in cancer progression, common mechanisms might be controlled by tenascin-C during both events. Drugs targeting the expression or function of tenascin-C or the tenascin-C protein itself are currently being developed and some drugs have already reached advanced clinical trials. This generates hope that increased knowledge about tenascin-C will further improve management of diseases with high tenascin-C expression such as chronic inflammation, heart failure, artheriosclerosis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S. Midwood
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, 65 Aspenlea Road, Hammersmith, London, W6 8LH UK
| | - Gertraud Orend
- Inserm U682, Strasbourg, 67200 France
- University of Strasbourg, UMR-S682, Strasbourg, 67081 France
- Department of Molecular Biology, CHRU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67200 France
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Abstract
Synthesis of new tissue by fibroblasts is required for tissue rebuilding in response to injury. Fibroblast migration from surrounding healthy tissue into the fibrin-fibronectin provisional matrix deposited upon injury is a key rate-limiting step of this stage of tissue repair. These events must be tightly regulated. Excessive deposition of scar tissue is the major hallmark of fibrotic disease. Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is transiently expressed upon tissue injury, where it is specifically localized to the wound edge, and persistently up-regulated in fibrotic disease. We have shown that full-length tenascin-C promotes fibroblast migration within fibrin-fibronectin matrices and we have mapped the domains within the molecule critical for enhancing migration. We also demonstrated that specific fragments of tenascin-C inhibit fibroblast migration. These results suggest that transient expression of tenascin-C at the wound boundary is key to tissue repair: its induction recruits fibroblasts into the wound and fragments resulting from its breakdown prevent excessive fibroblast infiltration. Our results demonstrate how fibroblast migration in three-dimensional provisional matrices may be differentially regulated by proteolysis of matrix molecules and could explain how persistent expression of tenascin-C contributes to the progression of fibrotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trebaul
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Imperial College London, 1 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8LH, UK
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El-Karef A, Yoshida T, Gabazza EC, Nishioka T, Inada H, Sakakura T, Imanaka-Yoshida K. Deficiency of tenascin-C attenuates liver fibrosis in immune-mediated chronic hepatitis in mice. J Pathol 2007; 211:86-94. [PMID: 17121418 DOI: 10.1002/path.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is upregulated in chronic liver disease. Here, we investigated the contribution of TNC to liver fibrogenesis by comparing immune-mediated hepatitis in wild-type (WT) and TNC-null (TNKO) mice. Eight-week-old BALB/c mice received weekly intravenous injections of concanavalin A to induce hepatitis, and were sacrificed one week after the 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th injections. In WT livers, immunohistochemical staining revealed a gradual increase in TNC deposition. TNC mRNA levels also increased sequentially and peaked after the 9th injection. Collagen deposition, stained with picrosirius red, was significantly less intense in TNKO mice than in WT mice, and procollagen I and III transcripts were significantly upregulated in WT mice compared with TNKO mice. Inflammatory infiltrates were most prominent after the 3rd-6th injections in both groups and were less intense in TNKO mice than in WT mice. Interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-4 mRNA levels were significantly higher in WT mice than in TNKO mice, while activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and myofibroblasts, a cellular source of TNC and procollagens, were more common in WT livers. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in WT mice, but not in TNKO mice. In conclusion, TNC can promote liver fibrogenesis through enhancement of inflammatory response with cytokine upregulation, HSC recruitment, and TGF-beta expression during progression of hepatitis to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A El-Karef
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
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Jinnin M, Ihn H, Asano Y, Yamane K, Trojanowska M, Tamaki K. Platelet derived growth factor induced tenascin-C transcription is phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt-dependent and mediated by Ets family transcription factors. J Cell Physiol 2006; 206:718-27. [PMID: 16245312 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified several cytokines as inducers of tenascin-C (TN-C) expression in various tissue culture systems. However, the signaling pathways of the regulation of TN-C expression are almost unknown. In this study, we clarified the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the regulation of the TN-C gene by platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. PDGF induced the expression of TN-C protein as well as mRNA in a dose-dependent manner. Actinomycin D, an RNA synthesis inhibitor, significantly blocked the PDGF-mediated upregulation of TN-C mRNA expression, whereas cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, did not. The PDGF-mediated induction of TN-C expression was inhibited by the treatment of fibroblasts with a selective phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, wortmannin, or LY294002. These results suggest that PDGF induced the expression of TN-C at a transcriptional level via phosphoinositide3-kinase/Akt signaling pathways. We performed serial 5' deletions and a transient transfection analysis to define the region in the TN-C promoter mediating the responsiveness to PDGF. Overexpression of Sp1, Ets1, or Ets2 activated the TN-C promoter and superinduced TN-C promoter activity stimulated by PDGF, whereas overexpression of Fli1 inhibited the effects of PDGF on TN-C expression. Mutation of the Sp1/3 binding sites or Ets binding sites in the TN-C promoter region responsible to PDGF abrogated the PDGF-inducible promoter activity. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that Sp1, Ets1, and Ets2 form a transcriptionally active complex. On the other hand, the interaction of Fli1 with Sp1 decreased after PDGF treatment. These results suggest that the upregulation of TN-C expression by PDGF involves Ets family transcription factors, co-operating with Sp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Ogawa K, Ito M, Takeuchi K, Nakada A, Heishi M, Suto H, Mitsuishi K, Sugita Y, Ogawa H, Ra C. Tenascin-C is upregulated in the skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Sci 2005; 40:35-41. [PMID: 16043328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2005.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2004] [Revised: 05/28/2005] [Accepted: 06/09/2005] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenascin-C is a large, hexameric extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is expressed during embryogenesis, carcinogenesis and wound healing. In normal adult human skin the expression level of tenascin-C is low, but levels are elevated in skin tumors and rise significantly in the dermal compartment during wound healing. Although the expression of tenascin-C could be upregulated by inflammatory cytokines, the role of tenascin-C in atopic dermatitis (AD) is still unclear. OBJECTIVE To identify genes that plays a role in AD. METHODS We screened for differentially expressed genes in lesional and non-lesional skin of AD patients using DNA microarray. Then we monitored with quantitative PCR the expression of the novel disease related genes in human keratinocytes or pinnae from NC/Nga mice. RESULTS We found that tenascin-C gene expression was expressed at higher levels in lesional skin compared to non-lesional skin of the patients, whereas it was not upregulated in the skin of psoriatic patients or healthy controls. In human cultured keratinocytes, tenascin-C was markedly upregulated by IL-4 and IL-13, and moderately upregulated by IFN-gamma. Tenascin-C expression was also upregulated in the AD-like skin lesions induced in NC/Nga mice ears by intradermal injection of mite antigen, and this upregulation was inhibited by prednisolone. CONCLUSION These results suggest that upregulation of the tenascin-C expression is specific to AD lesions, and that tenascin-C may therefore play a critical role in regulating the underlining inflammatory processes, which are involved in the pathology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Ogawa
- Genox Research Inc., Ibaraki, Laboratory of Seeds Finding Technology, Eisai Co. Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan.
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Matsuda A, Hirota T, Akahoshi M, Shimizu M, Tamari M, Miyatake A, Takahashi A, Nakashima K, Takahashi N, Obara K, Yuyama N, Doi S, Kamogawa Y, Enomoto T, Ohshima K, Tsunoda T, Miyatake S, Fujita K, Kusakabe M, Izuhara K, Nakamura Y, Hopkin J, Shirakawa T. Coding SNP in tenascin-C Fn-III-D domain associates with adult asthma. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14:2779-86. [PMID: 16115819 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C (TNC) has been accepted as a valuable histopathological subepithelial marker for evaluating the severity of asthmatic disease and the therapeutic response to drugs. We found an association between an adult asthma and an SNP encoding TNC fibronectin type III-D (Fn-III-D) domain in a case-control study between a Japanese population including 446 adult asthmatic patients and 658 normal healthy controls. The SNP (44513A/T in exon 17) strongly associates with adult bronchial asthma (chi2 test, P=0.00019, Odds ratio=1.76, 95% confidence interval=1.31-2.36). This coding SNP induces an amino acid substitution (Leu1677Ile) within the Fn-III-D domain of the alternative splicing region. Computer-assisted protein structure modeling suggests that the substituted amino acid locates at the outer edge of the beta-sheet in Fn-III-D domain and causes instability of this beta-sheet. As the TNC fibronectin-III domain has molecular elasticity, the structural change may affect the integrity and stiffness of asthmatic airways. In addition, TNC expression in lung fibroblasts increases with Th2 immune cytokine stimulation. Thus, Leu1677Ile may be valuable marker for evaluating the risk for developing asthma and plays a role in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsuda
- Laboratory for Genetics of Allergic Diseases, SNP Research Center, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan.
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Sangaletti S, Gioiosa L, Guiducci C, Rotta G, Rescigno M, Stoppacciaro A, Chiodoni C, Colombo MP. Accelerated dendritic-cell migration and T-cell priming in SPARC-deficient mice. J Cell Sci 2005; 118:3685-94. [PMID: 16046482 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
On their path to draining lymph nodes, epidermal Langerhans cells traverse collagen-dense connective tissue before reaching lymphatic vessels. The matricellular protein SPARC (secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine), which is induced during inflammation and tissue repair, organizes collagen deposition in tissue stroma. We analyzed Langerhans cell and dendritic-cell migration and its impact on T-cell priming in SPARC-null (SPARC–/–) and SPARC-sufficient (SPARC+/+) mice. Although the same number of Langerhans cells populate the ear skin of SPARC–/– and SPARC+/+ mice, more Langerhans cells were found in the lymph nodes draining antigen-sensitized ears of SPARC–/– mice and significantly more Langerhans cells migrated from null-mice-derived ear skin explants. Such favored Langerhans cell migration is due to the host environment, as demonstrated by SPARC+/+>SPARC–/– and reciprocal chimeras, and have a profound influence on T-cell priming. Contact-, delayed type-hypersensitivity and naive T-cell receptor-transgenic T-cell priming, together indicate that the lack of SPARC in the environment accelerates the onset of T-cell priming by hastening Langerhans cell/dendritic-cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Sangaletti
- Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Tamaoki M, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yokoyama K, Nishioka T, Inada H, Hiroe M, Sakakura T, Yoshida T. Tenascin-C regulates recruitment of myofibroblasts during tissue repair after myocardial injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2005; 167:71-80. [PMID: 15972953 PMCID: PMC1603439 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62954-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an extracellular matrix molecule that is expressed during wound healing in various tissues. Although not detectable in the normal adult heart, it is expressed under pathological conditions. Previously, using a rat model, we found that TN-C was expressed during the acute stage after myocardial infarction and that alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA)-positive myofibroblasts appeared in TN-C-positive areas. In the present study, we examined whether TN-C controls the dynamics of myofibroblast recruitment and wound healing after electrical injury to the myocardium of TN-C knockout (TNKO) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. In TNKO mice, myocardial repair seemed to proceed normally, but the appearance of myofibroblasts was delayed. With cultured cardiac fibroblasts, TN-C significantly accelerated cell migration, alpha-SMA expression, and collagen gel contraction but did not affect proliferation. Using recombinant fragments of murine TN-C, the functional domain responsible for promoting migration of cardiac fibroblasts was mapped to the conserved fibronectin type III (FNIII)-like repeats and the fibrinogen (Fbg)-like domain. Furthermore, alternatively spliced FNIII and Fbg-like domains proved responsible for the up-regulation of alpha-SMA expression. These results indicate that TN-C promotes recruitment of myofibroblasts in the early stages of myocardial repair by stimulating cell migration and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tamaoki
- Department of Pathology and Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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Watanabe K, Konishi K, Sato I. Distribution of tenascin-C and -X and expression of tenascin-C and X mRNA in the postnatal rat tongue. Ann Anat 2004; 186:547-54. [PMID: 15646290 DOI: 10.1016/s0940-9602(04)80105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Different distributions of tenascin-C and -X are found in various organs. However, the role of the tenascin family in the process of formation in the papillae epithelium during development is poorly understood. In order to find more information an tenascin-C and -X distributions during tongue development, immunohistocheminical studies have been carried out to demonstrate these distributions. The number of PCNA positive cells gradually increased from 5- to 15-days, and decreased on 21-days in the intercellular space of the epithelal layer in the postnatal development of rat tongue (150 specimens of Wistar male rats (0-, 5-, 10-, 15-, and 21-days). The reaction of tenascin-C was found mainly in the intercellular space of the epithelial layer on contrast to that of tenascin-X which was mainly found an the epithelial layer under a confocal laser scanning microscope. The level of mRNA of tenascin-C (600bp) and tenascin-X (588bp) gradually decreased from 5-days using RT-PCR methods. The different distribution of these extracellular matrices and weakly-regulated expressions may be related to the replication process of the epithelium in the tongue during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
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Tanaka K, Hiraiwa N, Hashimoto H, Yamazaki Y, Kusakabe M. Tenascin-C regulates angiogenesis in tumor through the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Int J Cancer 2003; 108:31-40. [PMID: 14618612 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.11509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In order to verify whether tenascin-C (TN-C) is involved in angiogenesis as an extracellular signal molecule during tumorigenesis, cancerous cell transplantation experiments and coculture experiments were carried out, focusing on the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The A375 human melanoma cells introduced the GFP gene (A375-GFP), implanted subcutaneously into BALB/cA nude (WT) and TN-C knockout BALB/cA nude (TNKO) congenic mice. Furthermore, coculture experiments between A375-GFP and embryonic mesenchyme, which was prepared from both genotypes, were carried out to investigate the molecular mechanism in the cell-cell interactions. Both the content of TN-C and that of VEGF in the tumor and the conditioned medium were analyzed by the sandwich ELISA method. Seven days after transplantation of the A375-GFP, capillary nets became far more abundant in the tumors grown in WT mice than those in TNKO mice. Interestingly, VEGF and TN-C expressions showed antithetical expression patterns between the tumors in WT mice and those in TNKO mice. This peculiar phenomenon seems to be caused by a time lag prior to the onset of the mesenchymal regulation for the TN-C expression of A375-GFP. The coculture experiments revealed that WT mesenchyme had a much stronger effect than TNKO mesenchyme on both TN-C and VEGF expression. However, the defects of TNKO mesenchyme were restored in all cases by additional TN-C. These results clearly indicated that the expressions of both TN-C and VEGF depend on the surrounding mesenchyme, and that the function of mesenchyme is regulated by its own mesenchymal TN-C. In conclusion, the present data suggest that the matrix microenvironment organized by the host mesenchyme is very important for angiogenesis in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Chiquet-Ehrismann R, Chiquet M. Tenascins: regulation and putative functions during pathological stress. J Pathol 2003; 200:488-99. [PMID: 12845616 DOI: 10.1002/path.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 390] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this review, we discuss the structure and function of the extracellular matrix protein family of tenascins with emphasis on their involvement in human pathologies. The article is divided into the following sections: INTRODUCTION the tenascin family of extracellular matrix proteins; Structural roles: tenascin-X deficiency and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome; Tenascins as modulators of cell adhesion, migration, and growth; Role of tenascin-C in inflammation; Regulation of tenascins by mechanical stress: implications for wound healing and regeneration; Association of tenascin-C with cancer: antibodies as diagnostic and therapeutic tools; Conclusion and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann
- Friedrich Miescher Institute, Novartis Research Foundation, Maulbeerstrasse 66, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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40
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Phipps S, Ying S, Wangoo A, Ong YE, Levi-Schaffer F, Kay AB. The relationship between allergen-induced tissue eosinophilia and markers of repair and remodeling in human atopic skin. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 169:4604-12. [PMID: 12370399 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.8.4604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Several in vitro studies suggest that eosinophils may play a role in fibrosis, remodeling, and repair processes associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. However, the relationship in vivo, between allergen-induced tissue eosinophilia and markers of repair has yet to be established in human atopic subjects. Using the allergen-induced cutaneous late-phase reaction as a model of allergic inflammation, we have tested the hypothesis that eosinophil-derived TGF-beta1 and IL-13 are temporarily associated with myofibroblast formation and deposition of tenascin and procollagen I. Biopsies were taken from atopic volunteers at 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after intradermal allergen challenge and were examined by immunohistochemistry. Following the peak of the late-phase reaction (6 h) there were persisting TGF-beta1(+) eosinophils, alpha-smooth muscle actin(+) myofibroblasts, tenascin immunoreactivity, and procollagen-I(+) cells 24-48 h postchallenge. Direct evidence of generation of repair markers was obtained by coculture of eosinophils and fibroblasts. This resulted in alpha-smooth muscle actin immunoreactivity that was inhibitable by neutralizing Abs to TGF-beta as well as production of tenascin transcripts and protein product. TGF-beta1 and IL-13 also induced tenascin expression. We conclude that TGF-beta1 and IL-13, provided partially by eosinophils, contribute to repair and remodeling events in allergic inflammation in human atopic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Phipps
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, National Heart and Lung Institute, Dovehouse Street, London, UK, SW3 6LY
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Matsumoto KI, Takahashi K, Yoshiki A, Kusakabe M, Ariga H. Invasion of melanoma in double knockout mice lacking tenascin-X and tenascin-C. Jpn J Cancer Res 2002; 93:968-75. [PMID: 12359049 PMCID: PMC5927135 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2002.tb02472.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of extracellular matrix glycoproteins belonging to the tenascin family in the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis are not known. To address this issue, we generated tenascin-X (TNX) and tenascin-C (TNC) double knockout mice and compared findings in these mice with those in single knockout (TNX + / + TNC - / - and TNX - / - TNC + / +) mice. We investigated the proliferation and invasion of B16-BL6 melanoma cells after these cells had been injected into the footpads of mice in each group. The primary tumor size and invasion to the ankle adjacent to the primary tumor site were examined at 35 days after injection of the melanoma cells. The primary tumor size in TNX - / - TNC + / + mice was significantly larger than that in wild-type mice, but those of TNX + / + TNC - / - and double knockout mice were comparable to that in the wild-type mice. On the other hand, invasion to the ankle was obviously promoted in TNX - / - TNC + / + and double knockout mice compared with that in the wild-type mice, but invasion to the ankle in TNX + / + TNC - / - mice was only slightly promoted. Gelatin zymography confirmed increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity in the dorsal skin of TNX - / - TNC + / +, TNX + / + TNC - / - and double knockout mice. However, the amounts of MMP-9 mRNA in the dorsal skins of all mice were almost the same, indicating that the increased activity of MMP-9 in the single and double knockout mice is regulated at the MMP-9 processing level. These results indicate that MMP-9 is activated in all TN-deficient mice, but that TNX exerts a greater effect on tumor invasion than does TNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0812, Japan.
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Puente Navazo MD, Valmori D, Rüegg C. The alternatively spliced domain TnFnIII A1A2 of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C suppresses activation-induced T lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2001; 167:6431-40. [PMID: 11714809 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.11.6431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidences have suggested that T cell activation could be impaired in the tumor environment, a condition referred to as tumor-induced immunosuppression. We have previously shown that tenascin-C, an extracellular matrix protein highly expressed in the tumor stroma, inhibits T lymphocyte activation in vitro, raising the possibility that this molecule might contribute to tumor-induced immunosuppression in vivo. However, the region of the protein mediating this effect has remained elusive. Here we report the identification of the minimal region of tenascin-C that can inhibit T cell activation. Recombinant fragments corresponding to defined regions of the molecule were tested for their ability to inhibit in vitro activation of human peripheral blood T cells induced by anti-CD3 mAbs in combination with fibronectin or IL-2. A recombinant protein encompassing the alternatively spliced fibronectin type III domains of tenascin-C (TnFnIII A-D) vigorously inhibited both early and late lymphocyte activation events including activation-induced TCR/CD8 down-modulation, cytokine production, and DNA synthesis. In agreement with this, full length recombinant tenascin-C containing the alternatively spliced region suppressed T cell activation, whereas tenascin-C lacking this region did not. Using a series of smaller fragments and deletion mutants issued from this region, we have identified the TnFnIII A1A2 domain as the minimal region suppressing T cell activation. Single TnFnIII A1 or A2 domains were no longer inhibitory, while maximal inhibition required the presence of the TnFnIII A3 domain. Altogether, these data demonstrate that the TnFnIII A1A2 domain mediate the ability of tenascin-C to inhibit in vitro T cell activation and provide insights into the immunosuppressive activity of tenascin-C in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Alternative Splicing/immunology
- Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Fibronectins/genetics
- Fibronectins/physiology
- Humans
- Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/genetics
- Peptide Fragments/physiology
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/physiology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary/genetics
- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid/genetics
- Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Tenascin/genetics
- Tenascin/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Puente Navazo
- Centre Pluridisciplinaire d'Oncologie, University of Lausanne Medical School, Lausanne, Switzerland
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43
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Wang B, Feliciani C, Freed I, Cai Q, Sauder DN. Insights into molecular mechanisms of contact hypersensitivity gained from gene knockout studies. J Leukoc Biol 2001. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.70.2.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Binghe Wang
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook and Women’s College Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5, and
| | - Claudio Feliciani
- Department of Dermatology, University “G.d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini Chieti, Italy
| | - Irwin Freed
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook and Women’s College Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5, and
| | - Qinchao Cai
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook and Women’s College Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5, and
| | - Daniel N. Sauder
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook and Women’s College Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4N 3M5, and
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44
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Wang B, Fujisawa H, Zhuang L, Freed I, Howell BG, Shahid S, Shivji GM, Mak TW, Sauder DN. CD4+ Th1 and CD8+ type 1 cytotoxic T cells both play a crucial role in the full development of contact hypersensitivity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2000; 165:6783-90. [PMID: 11120799 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.12.6783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of CD4(+) vs CD8(+) T cells in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) remains controversial. In this study, we used gene knockout (KO) mice deficient in CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells to directly address this issue. Mice lacking either CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells demonstrated depressed CHS responses to dinitrofluorobenzene and oxazolone compared with wild-type C57BL/6 mice. The depression of CHS was more significant in CD8 KO mice than in CD4 KO mice. Furthermore, in vivo depletion of either CD8(+) T cells from CD4 KO mice or CD4(+) T cells from CD8 KO mice virtually abolished CHS responses. Lymph node cells (LNCs) from hapten-sensitized CD4 and CD8 KO mice showed a decreased capacity for transferring CHS. In vitro depletion of either CD4(+) T cells from CD8 KO LNCs or CD8(+) T cells from CD4 KO LNCs resulted in a complete loss of CHS transfer. LNCs from CD4 and CD8 KO mice produced significant amounts of IFN-gamma, indicating that both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are able to secrete IFN-gamma. LNCs from CD8, but not CD4, KO mice were able to produce IL-4 and IL-10, suggesting that IL-4 and IL-10 are mainly derived from CD4(+) T cells. Intracellular cytokine staining of LNCs confirmed that IFN-gamma-positive cells consisted of CD4(+) (Th1) and CD8(+) (type 1 cytotoxic T) T cells, whereas IL-10-positive cells were exclusively CD4(+) (Th2) T cells. Collectively, these results suggest that both CD4(+) Th1 and CD8(+) type 1 cytotoxic T cells are crucial effector cells in CHS responses to dinitrofluorobenzene and oxazolone in C57BL/6 mice.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Cutaneous
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- CD4 Antigens/biosynthesis
- CD4 Antigens/genetics
- CD8 Antigens/biosynthesis
- CD8 Antigens/genetics
- Dermatitis, Contact/etiology
- Dermatitis, Contact/genetics
- Dermatitis, Contact/immunology
- Dermatitis, Contact/prevention & control
- Dinitrofluorobenzene/administration & dosage
- Dinitrofluorobenzene/immunology
- Immune Sera/pharmacology
- Immune Tolerance/genetics
- Injections, Intravenous
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interleukin-10/metabolism
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Intracellular Fluid/immunology
- Intracellular Fluid/metabolism
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymph Nodes/metabolism
- Lymph Nodes/transplantation
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Oxazolone/administration & dosage
- Oxazolone/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wang
- Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sta Iglesia DD, Gala PH, Qiu T, Stepp MA. Integrin expression during epithelial migration and restratification in the tenascin-C-deficient mouse cornea. J Histochem Cytochem 2000; 48:363-76. [PMID: 10681390 DOI: 10.1177/002215540004800306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the unwounded cornea, tenascin-C localizes to a short stretch of the basement membrane zone at the corneoscleral junction or limbus. To determine whether the function of the limbus is affected by the absence of tenascin-C, mice possessing a deletion of tenascin-C and strain-matched wild-type mice are used in corneal debridement wounding experiments. The expression of integrins (alpha3, alpha9, and beta4) in the tenascin-C knockout corneas is evaluated by producing polyclonal cytoplasmic domain antipeptide sera and performing immunofluorescence microscopy. In addition, we evaluate the localization of several other proteins involved in wound healing, including fibronectin, laminin beta1, nidogen/entactin, and VCAM-1, in both the tenascin knockout and wild-type mice. There are no differences in healing rate, scarring, or neovascularization after corneal debridement wounds. alpha9 integrin is expressed at the limbal border of unwounded tenascin-C knockout animals and is upregulated during migration only after the larger wounds. At 8 weeks after larger wounds, the localization of alpha9 again becomes restricted to the limbal border. Results show that tenascin-C is not required for development or maintenance of the corneal limbus or for normal re-epithelialization of corneal epithelial cells after debridement wounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Sta Iglesia
- Department of Anatomy, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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46
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Kusubata M, Hirota A, Ebihara T, Kuwaba K, Matsubara Y, Sasaki T, Kusakabe M, Tsukada T, Irie S, Koyama Y. Spatiotemporal changes of fibronectin, tenascin-C, fibulin-1, and fibulin-2 in the skin during the development of chronic contact dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1999; 113:906-12. [PMID: 10594729 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to elucidate how chronic inflammation affects the organization of the extracellular matrix in the skin, a prolonged allergic contact dermatitis was induced in a mouse by repeated application to the ear of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene every 3 d for 66 d. Subsequently, the spatiotemporal changes of fibronectin, tenascin-C, fibulin-1, and fibulin-2 in the skin were examined. In the acute phase of inflammation (day 3-day 12), the amount of fibronectin and tenascin-C increased markedly and were degraded, whereas the amount of fibulin-2 changed slightly. Abundant deposition of tenascin-C was observed in the connective tissue. Fibulin-1 and fibulin-2 distributed as fine fibrils. In contrast, the amounts of fibronectin and tenascin-C decreased and their degradation was suppressed in the chronic phase (day 15-day 66), but the amount of fibulin-2 increased. Tenascin-C was observed mainly at and underneath the epidermal basement membrane. In the subepidermal region, many fibulin-2-positive microfibrils were distributed. The amount and distribution of fibulin-1 did not change markedly in either phase. MMP-like enzymes of 62 kDa, probably activated MMP-2, were upregulated in the chronic phase, whereas components of 92, 85, or 67 kDa were highly induced in the acute phase. These results suggest that chronic inflammation in allergic contact dermatitis is associated with temporal changes in the expression, deposition, and degradation of inducible extracellular matrix components.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kusubata
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Nippi Inc., Tokyo, Japan
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47
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Abstract
In the past seven years, two groups have independently produced tenascin-C-knockout mice. These mice are born alive and, originally, were described as showing no abnormalities. More recent studies, many involving pathological intervention, have shown that tenascin-C-knockout mice have several defects. The mice exhibit abnormal behaviour, as well as abnormalities in brain chemistry. They also show defects in structure and repair of neuromuscular junctions, in the ability to recover from snake-venom-induced glomerulonephritis and in chemically induced dermatitis. Healing of skin wounds is morphologically normal, but the mice exhibit defects in healing after suture injury of corneas. In both skin and corneal wounds, fibronectin expression is abnormally low in tenascin-C-knockout mice. Finally, in vitro studies indicate that haemopoietic activity is defective in bone marrow from these mice. When examined together, these studies provide evidence for precise functions for tenascin-C, as well as an explanation for why the sequence of tenascin-C is so highly phylogenetically conserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Mackie
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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