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Ni R, Vaezzadeh N, Zhou J, Weitz JI, Cattaneo M, Gross PL. Effect of Different Doses of Acetylsalicylic Acid on the Antithrombotic Activity of Clopidogrel in a Mouse Arterial Thrombosis Model. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2338-2344. [PMID: 30354213 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Dual-antiplatelet therapy with acetylsalicylic acid and a P2Y12 antagonist, such as clopidogrel, is the standard of care for acute coronary syndromes. However, the drugs have divergent effects on the formation of cAMP, an inhibitory second messenger. Thus, by inhibiting the synthesis of prostacyclin, acetylsalicylic acid reduces cAMP formation, whereas clopidogrel potentiates it. Therefore, with higher doses of acetylsalicylic acid, the potentiation of cAMP production by clopidogrel may be attenuated, which could limit the antithrombotic potential of the drug combination. The purpose of this study was to examine this possibility in vivo. Approach and Results- Mice were given oral acetylsalicylic acid at varying doses, oral clopidogrel (5 mg/kg body weight), or both. At doses of 0.15 and 0.6 mg/kg, acetylsalicylic acid inhibited arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, but only 0.6 mg/kg acetylsalicylic acid, or higher, decreased the plasma levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1α, the stable metabolite of prostacyclin. When given with clopidogrel, laser injury-induced arterial thrombi were significantly larger with the 0.6 mg/kg dose of acetylsalicylic acid than with the 0.15 mg/kg dose. Thrombi in mice treated with clopidogrel and the 0.15 mg/kg dose of acetylsalicylic acid were smaller than in mice treated with clopidogrel alone, suggesting that acetylsalicylic acid can add to the antithrombotic effect of clopidogrel but that higher doses of acetylsalicylic acid blunt the antithrombotic effect of clopidogrel. Conclusions- These findings support the use of lower, prostacyclin-preserving, doses of acetylsalicylic acid in conjunction with clopidogrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ni
- From the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
| | - Nima Vaezzadeh
- From the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
| | - Ji Zhou
- From the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
| | - Jeffrey I Weitz
- From the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Medicina 3, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Ospedale San Paolo, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy (M.C.)
| | - Peter L Gross
- From the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.N., N.V., J.Z., J.I.W., P.L.G.)
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Di Francesco L, Totani L, Dovizio M, Piccoli A, Di Francesco A, Salvatore T, Pandolfi A, Evangelista V, Dercho RA, Seta F, Patrignani P. Induction of Prostacyclin by Steady Laminar Shear Stress Suppresses Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Biosynthesis via Heme Oxygenase-1 in Human Endothelial Cells. Circ Res 2009; 104:506-13. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.108.191114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is among the endothelial genes upregulated by uniform laminar shear stress (LSS), characteristically associated with atherosclerotic lesion-protected areas. We have addressed whether the induction of COX-2–dependent prostanoids in endothelial cells by LSS plays a role in restraining endothelial tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α generation, a proatherogenic cytokine, through the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO)-1, an antioxidant enzyme. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to steady LSS of 10 dyn/cm
2
for 6 hours, COX-2 protein was significantly induced, whereas COX-1 and the downstream synthases were not significantly modulated. This was associated with significant (
P
<0.05) increase of 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG)F
1α
(the hydrolysis product of prostacyclin), PGE
2
, and PGD
2
. In contrast, TNF-α released in the medium in 6 hours (3633±882 pg) or detected in cells lysates (1091±270 pg) was significantly (
P
<0.05) reduced versus static condition (9100±2158 and 2208±300 pg, respectively). Coincident induction of HO-1 was detected. The finding that LSS-dependent reduction of TNF-α generation and HO-1 induction were abrogated by the selective inhibitor of COX-2 NS-398, the nonselective COX inhibitor aspirin, or the specific prostacyclin receptor (IP) antagonist RO3244794 illuminates the central role played by LSS-induced COX-2–dependent prostacyclin in restraining endothelial inflammation. Carbacyclin, an agonist of IP, induced HO-1. Similarly to inhibition of prostacyclin biosynthesis or activity, the novel imidazole-based HO-1 inhibitor QC15 reversed TNF-α reduction by LSS. These findings suggest that inhibition of COX-2–dependent prostacyclin might contribute to acceleration of atherogenesis in patients taking traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and NSAIDs selective for COX-2 through downregulation of HO-1, which halts TNF-α generation in human endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigia Di Francesco
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Licia Totani
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melania Dovizio
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antonio Piccoli
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Di Francesco
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tania Salvatore
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Virgilio Evangelista
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan A. Dercho
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francesca Seta
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paola Patrignani
- From the Department of Medicine and Aging (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., P.P.), “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti, Italy; CeSI (L.D.F., M.D., A.D.F., T.S., A. Pandolfi, P.P.), Chieti, Italy; Mario Negri Sud (L.T., A. Piccoli, V.E.), Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy; and Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology (R.A.D.) and Physiology and Biochemistry (F.S.), Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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