1
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Mok DZ, Tng DJ, Yee JX, Chew VS, Tham CY, Ooi JS, Tan HC, Zhang SL, Lin LZ, Ng WC, Jeeva LL, Murugayee R, Goh KKK, Lim TP, Cui L, Cheung YB, Ong EZ, Chan KR, Ooi EE, Low JG. Electron transport chain capacity expands yellow fever vaccine immunogenicity. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:1310-1323. [PMID: 38745062 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination has successfully controlled several infectious diseases although better vaccines remain desirable. Host response to vaccination studies have identified correlates of vaccine immunogenicity that could be useful to guide development and selection of future vaccines. However, it remains unclear whether these findings represent mere statistical correlations or reflect functional associations with vaccine immunogenicity. Functional associations, rather than statistical correlates, would offer mechanistic insights into vaccine-induced adaptive immunity. Through a human experimental study to test the immunomodulatory properties of metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, we chanced upon a functional determinant of neutralizing antibodies. Although vaccine viremia is a known correlate of antibody response, we found that in healthy volunteers with no detectable or low yellow fever 17D viremia, metformin-treated volunteers elicited higher neutralizing antibody titers than placebo-treated volunteers. Transcriptional and metabolomic analyses collectively showed that a brief course of metformin, started 3 days prior to YF17D vaccination and stopped at 3 days after vaccination, expanded oxidative phosphorylation and protein translation capacities. These increased capacities directly correlated with YF17D neutralizing antibody titers, with reduced reactive oxygen species response compared to placebo-treated volunteers. Our findings thus demonstrate a functional association between cellular respiration and vaccine-induced humoral immunity and suggest potential approaches to enhancing vaccine immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Zl Mok
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Danny Jh Tng
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Xin Yee
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Valerie Sy Chew
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christine Yl Tham
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justin Sg Ooi
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hwee Cheng Tan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Summer L Zhang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lowell Z Lin
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wy Ching Ng
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lavanya Lakshmi Jeeva
- SingHealth Investigational Medicine Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramya Murugayee
- SingHealth Investigational Medicine Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kelvin K-K Goh
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze-Peng Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Cui
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yin Bun Cheung
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eugenia Z Ong
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kuan Rong Chan
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Translational Clinical Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jenny G Low
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
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2
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de Jong HK, Grobusch MP. Monoclonal antibody applications in travel medicine. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines 2024; 10:2. [PMID: 38221606 PMCID: PMC10789029 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-023-00212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
For decades, immunoglobulin preparations have been used to prevent or treat infectious diseases. Since only a few years, monoclonal antibody applications (mAbs) are taking flight and are increasingly dominating this field. In 2014, only two mAbs were registered; end of October 2023, more than ten mAbs are registered or have been granted emergency use authorization, and many more are in (pre)clinical phases. Especially the COVID-19 pandemic has generated this surge in licensed monoclonal antibodies, although multiple phase 1 studies were already underway in 2019 for other infectious diseases such as malaria and yellow fever. Monoclonal antibodies could function as prophylaxis (i.e., for the prevention of malaria), or could be used to treat (tropical) infections (i.e., rabies, dengue fever, yellow fever). This review focuses on the discussion of the prospects of, and obstacles for, using mAbs in the prevention and treatment of (tropical) infectious diseases seen in the returning traveler; and provides an update on the mAbs currently being developed for infectious diseases, which could potentially be of interest for travelers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna K de Jong
- Centre of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Martin P Grobusch
- Centre of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Tropical Medicine & Deutsches Zentrum Für Infektionsforschung, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre de Recherches Médicales, (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Masanga Medical Research Unit (MMRU), Masanga, Sierra Leone
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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3
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Okura Y, Ikawa-Teranishi Y, Mizoroki A, Takahashi N, Tsushima T, Irie M, Harfuddin Z, Miura-Okuda M, Ito S, Nakamura G, Takesue H, Ozono Y, Nishihara M, Yamada K, Gan SW, Hayasaka A, Ishii S, Wakabayashi T, Muraoka M, Nagaya N, Hino H, Nemoto T, Kuramochi T, Torizawa T, Shimada H, Kitazawa T, Okazaki M, Nezu J, Sollid LM, Igawa T. Characterizations of a neutralizing antibody broadly reactive to multiple gluten peptide:HLA-DQ2.5 complexes in the context of celiac disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8502. [PMID: 38135691 PMCID: PMC10746718 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In human celiac disease (CeD) HLA-DQ2.5 presents gluten peptides to antigen-specific CD4+ T cells, thereby instigating immune activation and enteropathy. Targeting HLA-DQ2.5 with neutralizing antibody for treating CeD may be plausible, yet using pan-HLA-DQ antibody risks affecting systemic immunity, while targeting selected gluten peptide:HLA-DQ2.5 complex (pHLA-DQ2.5) may be insufficient. Here we generate a TCR-like, neutralizing antibody (DONQ52) that broadly recognizes more than twenty-five distinct gluten pHLA-DQ2.5 through rabbit immunization with multi-epitope gluten pHLA-DQ2.5 and multidimensional optimization. Structural analyses show that the proline-rich and glutamine-rich motif of gluten epitopes critical for pathogenesis is flexibly recognized by multiple tyrosine residues present in the antibody paratope, implicating the mechanisms for the broad reactivity. In HLA-DQ2.5 transgenic mice, DONQ52 demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetics with high subcutaneous bioavailability, and blocks immunity to gluten while not affecting systemic immunity. Our results thus provide a rationale for clinical testing of DONQ52 in CeD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuu Okura
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akihiko Mizoroki
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Machiko Irie
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Shunsuke Ito
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Genki Nakamura
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takesue
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yui Ozono
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Kenta Yamada
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Siok Wan Gan
- Chugai Pharmabody Research Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Akira Hayasaka
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinya Ishii
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Masaru Muraoka
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nishiki Nagaya
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hino
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nemoto
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taichi Kuramochi
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Torizawa
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Makoto Okazaki
- Chugai Pharmabody Research Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Junichi Nezu
- R&D Portfolio Management Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ludvig M Sollid
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomoyuki Igawa
- Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
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4
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Zina SM, Hoarau G, Labetoulle M, Khairallah M, Rousseau A. Ocular Manifestations of Flavivirus Infections. Pathogens 2023; 12:1457. [PMID: 38133340 PMCID: PMC10747099 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12121457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses are a group of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses predominantly transmitted by arthropods (mainly mosquitoes) that cause severe endemic infections and epidemics on a global scale. They represent a major cause of systemic morbidity and death and are expanding worldwide. Among this group, dengue fever, the West Nile virus, yellow fever, Japanese Encephalitis, and, recently, the Zika virus have been linked to a spectrum of ocular manifestations. These manifestations encompass subconjunctival hemorrhages and conjunctivitis, anterior and posterior uveitis (inclusive of vitritis, chorioretinitis, and retinal vasculitis), maculopathy, retinal hemorrhages, and optic neuritis. Clinical diagnosis of these infectious diseases is primarily based on epidemiological data, history, systemic symptoms and signs, and the pattern of ocular involvement. Diagnosis confirmation relies on laboratory testing, including RT-PCR and serological testing. Ocular involvement typically follows a self-limited course but can result in irreversible visual impairment. Effective treatments of flavivirus infections are currently unavailable. Prevention remains the mainstay for arthropod vector and zoonotic disease control. Effective vaccines are available only for the yellow fever virus, dengue virus, and Japanese Encephalitis virus. This review comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge regarding the ophthalmic manifestations of the foremost flavivirus-associated human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourour Meziou Zina
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bicêtre Hospital, Public Assistance, Hospitals of Paris, Reference Network for Rare Diseases in Ophthalmology (OPHTARA), 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (S.M.Z.); (G.H.); (M.L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Gautier Hoarau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bicêtre Hospital, Public Assistance, Hospitals of Paris, Reference Network for Rare Diseases in Ophthalmology (OPHTARA), 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (S.M.Z.); (G.H.); (M.L.)
| | - Marc Labetoulle
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bicêtre Hospital, Public Assistance, Hospitals of Paris, Reference Network for Rare Diseases in Ophthalmology (OPHTARA), 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (S.M.Z.); (G.H.); (M.L.)
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), Infectious Diseases Models for Innovative Therapies (IDMIT), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Commission (CEA), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Moncef Khairallah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Antoine Rousseau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bicêtre Hospital, Public Assistance, Hospitals of Paris, Reference Network for Rare Diseases in Ophthalmology (OPHTARA), 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; (S.M.Z.); (G.H.); (M.L.)
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-Immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB), Infectious Diseases Models for Innovative Therapies (IDMIT), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Commission (CEA), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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5
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Diani E, Lagni A, Lotti V, Tonon E, Cecchetto R, Gibellini D. Vector-Transmitted Flaviviruses: An Antiviral Molecules Overview. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2427. [PMID: 37894085 PMCID: PMC10608811 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses cause numerous pathologies in humans across a broad clinical spectrum with potentially severe clinical manifestations, including hemorrhagic and neurological disorders. Among human flaviviruses, some viral proteins show high conservation and are good candidates as targets for drug design. From an epidemiological point of view, flaviviruses cause more than 400 million cases of infection worldwide each year. In particular, the Yellow Fever, dengue, West Nile, and Zika viruses have high morbidity and mortality-about an estimated 20,000 deaths per year. As they depend on human vectors, they have expanded their geographical range in recent years due to altered climatic and social conditions. Despite these epidemiological and clinical premises, there are limited antiviral treatments for these infections. In this review, we describe the major compounds that are currently under evaluation for the treatment of flavivirus infections and the challenges faced during clinical trials, outlining their mechanisms of action in order to present an overview of ongoing studies. According to our review, the absence of approved antivirals for flaviviruses led to in vitro and in vivo experiments aimed at identifying compounds that can interfere with one or more viral cycle steps. Still, the currently unavailability of approved antivirals poses a significant public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Diani
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Microbiology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.L.); (V.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Anna Lagni
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Microbiology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.L.); (V.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Virginia Lotti
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Microbiology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.L.); (V.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Emil Tonon
- Unit of Microbiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Cecchetto
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Microbiology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.L.); (V.L.); (R.C.)
- Unit of Microbiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Davide Gibellini
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Microbiology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.L.); (V.L.); (R.C.)
- Unit of Microbiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
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6
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Ricciardi MJ, Rust LN, Pedreño-Lopez N, Yusova S, Biswas S, Webb GM, Gonzalez-Nieto L, Voigt TB, Louw JJ, Laurino FD, DiBello JR, Raué HP, Barber-Axthelm AM, Chun K, Uttke S, Raphael LMS, Yrizarry-Medina A, Rosen BC, Agnor R, Gao L, Labriola C, Axthelm M, Smedley J, Julander JG, Bonaldo MC, Walker LM, Messaoudi I, Slifka MK, Burton DR, Kallas EG, Sacha JB, Watkins DI, Burwitz BJ. Therapeutic neutralizing monoclonal antibody administration protects against lethal yellow fever virus infection. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eade5795. [PMID: 36989376 PMCID: PMC10617428 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ade5795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a reemerging global health threat, driven by several factors, including increased spread of the mosquito vector and rapid urbanization. Although a prophylactic vaccine exists, vaccine hesitancy, supply deficits, and distribution difficulties leave specific populations at risk of severe YFV disease, as evidenced by recent outbreaks in South America. To establish a treatment for patients with severe YFV infection, we tested 37 YFV-specific monoclonal antibodies isolated from vaccinated humans and identified two capable of potently neutralizing multiple pathogenic primary YFV isolates. Using both hamster and nonhuman primate models of lethal YFV infection, we demonstrate that a single administration of either of these two potently neutralizing antibodies during acute infection fully controlled viremia and prevented severe disease and death in treated animals. Given the potential severity of YFV-induced disease, our results show that these antibodies could be effective in saving lives and fill a much-needed void in managing YFV cases during outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Ricciardi
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Lauren N. Rust
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Nuria Pedreño-Lopez
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra. del Canyet SN, Badalona 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sofiya Yusova
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Sreya Biswas
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Gabriela M. Webb
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | | | - Thomas B. Voigt
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Johan J. Louw
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | | | - John R. DiBello
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Raué
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Aaron M. Barber-Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Kimberly Chun
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Samantha Uttke
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Lidiane M. S. Raphael
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Brandon C. Rosen
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Rebecca Agnor
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Lina Gao
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Caralyn Labriola
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Michael Axthelm
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Justin G. Julander
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Myrna C. Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Mark K. Slifka
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Esper G. Kallas
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonah B. Sacha
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - David I. Watkins
- Mabloc LLC, 725 21st St. NW, Suite 301, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- George Washington University, 2121 I St. NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
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7
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Kalimuddin S, Chan YFZ, Sessions OM, Chan KR, Ong EZ, Low JG, Bertoletti A, Ooi EE. An experimental medicine decipher of a minimum correlate of cellular immunity: Study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1135979. [PMID: 36969244 PMCID: PMC10038230 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1135979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination induces an adaptive immune response that protects against infectious diseases. A defined magnitude of adaptive immune response that correlates with protection from the disease of interest, or correlates of protection (CoP), is useful for guiding vaccine development. Despite mounting evidence for the protective role of cellular immunity against viral diseases, studies on CoP have almost exclusively focused on humoral immune responses. Moreover, although studies have measured cellular immunity following vaccination, no study has defined if a “threshold” of T cells, both in frequency and functionality, is needed to reduce infection burden. We will thus conduct a double-blind, randomized clinical trial in 56 healthy adult volunteers, using the licensed live-attenuated yellow fever (YF17D) and chimeric Japanese encephalitis-YF17D (JE-YF17D) vaccines. These vaccines share the entire non-structural and capsid proteome where the majority of the T cell epitopes reside. The neutralizing antibody epitopes, in contrast, are found on the structural proteins which are not shared between the two vaccines and are thus distinct from one another. Study participants will receive JE-YF17D vaccination followed by YF17D challenge, or YF17D vaccination followed by JE-YF17D challenge. A separate cohort of 14 healthy adults will receive the inactivated Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine followed by YF17D challenge that controls for the effect of cross-reactive flaviviral antibodies. We hypothesize that a strong T cell response induced by YF17D vaccination will reduce JE-YF17D RNAemia upon challenge, as compared to JE-YF17D vaccination followed by YF17D challenge. The expected gradient of YF17D-specific T cell abundance and functionality would also allow us to gain insight into a T cell threshold for controlling acute viral infections. The knowledge gleaned from this study could guide the assessment of cellular immunity and vaccine development.Clinical trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov, NCT05568953.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kalimuddin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Shirin Kalimuddin, ; Eng Eong Ooi,
| | - Yvonne F. Z. Chan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - October M. Sessions
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Eugenia Z. Ong
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jenny G. Low
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antonio Bertoletti
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Shirin Kalimuddin, ; Eng Eong Ooi,
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8
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Tursi NJ, Reeder SM, Flores-Garcia Y, Bah MA, Mathis-Torres S, Salgado-Jimenez B, Esquivel R, Xu Z, Chu JD, Humeau L, Patel A, Zavala F, Weiner DB. Engineered DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies targeting Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein confer single dose protection in a murine malaria challenge model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14313. [PMID: 35995959 PMCID: PMC9395511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18375-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel approaches for malaria prophylaxis remain important. Synthetic DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies (DMAbs) are a promising approach to generate rapid, direct in vivo host-generated mAbs with potential benefits in production simplicity and distribution coupled with genetic engineering. Here, we explore this approach in a malaria challenge model. We engineered germline-reverted DMAbs based on human mAb clones CIS43, 317, and L9 which target a junctional epitope, major repeat, and minor repeat of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) respectively. DMAb variants were encoded into a plasmid vector backbone and their expression and binding profiles were characterized. We demonstrate long-term serological expression of DMAb constructs resulting in in vivo efficacy of CIS43 GL and 317 GL in a rigorous mosquito bite mouse challenge model. Additionally, we engineered an Fc modified variant of CIS43 and L9-based DMAbs to ablate binding to C1q to test the impact of complement-dependent Fc function on challenge outcomes. Complement knockout variant DMAbs demonstrated similar protection to that of WT Fc DMAbs supporting the notion that direct binding to the parasite is sufficient for the protection observed. Further investigation of DMAbs for malaria prophylaxis appears of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Tursi
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sophia M Reeder
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yevel Flores-Garcia
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mamadou A Bah
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shamika Mathis-Torres
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Berenice Salgado-Jimenez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Rianne Esquivel
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jacqueline D Chu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Laurent Humeau
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA
| | - Ami Patel
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Fidel Zavala
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Malaria Research Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - David B Weiner
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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9
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França RKADO, Silva JM, Rodrigues LS, Sokolowskei D, Brigido MM, Maranhão AQ. New Anti-Flavivirus Fusion Loop Human Antibodies with Zika Virus-Neutralizing Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147805. [PMID: 35887153 PMCID: PMC9321016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus infections exhibit recurrent outbreaks and can be responsible for disease complications such as congenital Zika virus syndrome. Effective therapeutic interventions are still a challenge. Antibodies can provide significant protection, although the antibody response may fail due to antibody-dependent enhancement reactions. The choice of the target antigen is a crucial part of the process to generate effective neutralizing antibodies. Human anti-Zika virus antibodies were selected by phage display technology. The antibodies were selected against a mimetic peptide based on the fusion loop region in the protein E of Zika virus, which is highly conserved among different flaviviruses. Four rounds of selection were performed using the synthetic peptide in two strategies: the first was using the acidic elution of bound phages, and the second was by applying a competing procedure. After panning, the selected VH and VL domains were determined by combining NGS and bioinformatic approaches. Three different human monoclonal antibodies were expressed as scFvs and further characterized. All showed a binding capacity to Zika (ZIKV) and showed cross-recognition with yellow fever (YFV) and dengue (DENV) viruses. Two of these antibodies, AZ1p and AZ6m, could neutralize the ZIKV infection in vitro. Due to the conservation of the fusion loop region, these new antibodies can potentially be used in therapeutic intervention against Zika virus and other flavivirus illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Kaylan Alves de Oliveira França
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.d.O.F.); (J.M.S.); (L.S.R.); (D.S.); (A.Q.M.)
- Graduation Program in Molecular Pathology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Jacyelle Medeiros Silva
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.d.O.F.); (J.M.S.); (L.S.R.); (D.S.); (A.Q.M.)
| | - Lucas Silva Rodrigues
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.d.O.F.); (J.M.S.); (L.S.R.); (D.S.); (A.Q.M.)
- Graduation Program in Molecular Pathology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Dimitri Sokolowskei
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.d.O.F.); (J.M.S.); (L.S.R.); (D.S.); (A.Q.M.)
- Graduation Program in Molecular Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Brigido
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.d.O.F.); (J.M.S.); (L.S.R.); (D.S.); (A.Q.M.)
- Graduation Program in Molecular Pathology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Graduation Program in Molecular Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- III-Immunology Investigation Institute–CNPq-MCT, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Queiroz Maranhão
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil; (R.K.A.d.O.F.); (J.M.S.); (L.S.R.); (D.S.); (A.Q.M.)
- Graduation Program in Molecular Pathology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Graduation Program in Molecular Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- III-Immunology Investigation Institute–CNPq-MCT, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
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10
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Doyle MP, Genualdi JR, Bailey AL, Kose N, Gainza C, Rodriguez J, Reeder KM, Nelson CA, Jethva PN, Sutton RE, Bombardi RG, Gross ML, Julander JG, Fremont DH, Diamond MS, Crowe JE. Isolation of a Potently Neutralizing and Protective Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Yellow Fever Virus. mBio 2022; 13:e0051222. [PMID: 35420472 PMCID: PMC9239089 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00512-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) causes sporadic outbreaks of infection in South America and sub-Saharan Africa. While live-attenuated yellow fever virus vaccines based on three substrains of 17D are considered some of the most effective vaccines in use, problems with production and distribution have created large populations of unvaccinated, vulnerable individuals in areas of endemicity. To date, specific antiviral therapeutics have not been licensed for human use against YFV or any other related flavivirus. Recent advances in monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology have allowed the identification of numerous candidate therapeutics targeting highly pathogenic viruses, including many flaviviruses. Here, we sought to identify a highly neutralizing antibody targeting the YFV envelope (E) protein as a therapeutic candidate. We used human B cell hybridoma technology to isolate mAbs from circulating memory B cells from human YFV vaccine recipients. These antibodies bound to recombinant YFV E protein and recognized at least five major antigenic sites on E. Two mAbs (designated YFV-136 and YFV-121) recognized a shared antigenic site and neutralized the YFV-17D vaccine strain in vitro. YFV-136 also potently inhibited infection by multiple wild-type YFV strains, in part, at a postattachment step in the virus replication cycle. YFV-136 showed therapeutic protection in two animal models of YFV challenge, including hamsters and immunocompromised mice engrafted with human hepatocytes. These studies define features of the antigenic landscape of the YFV E protein recognized by the human B cell response and identify a therapeutic antibody candidate that inhibits infection and disease caused by highly virulent strains of YFV. IMPORTANCE Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a mosquito-borne virus that occasionally causes outbreaks of severe infection and disease in South America and sub-Saharan Africa. There are very effective live-attenuated (weakened) yellow fever virus vaccines, but recent problems with their production and distribution have left many people in affected areas vulnerable. Here, we sought to isolate an antibody targeting the surface of the virus for possible use in the future as a biologic drug to prevent or treat YFV infection. We isolated naturally occurring antibodies from individuals who had received a YFV vaccine. We created antibodies and tested them. We found that the antibody with the most powerful antiviral activity was a beneficial treatment in two different small-animal models of human infection. These studies identified features of the virus that are recognized by the human immune system and generated a therapeutic antibody candidate that inhibits infection caused by highly virulent strains of YFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Doyle
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joseph R. Genualdi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Adam L. Bailey
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nurgun Kose
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher Gainza
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jessica Rodriguez
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kristen M. Reeder
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher A. Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Prashant N. Jethva
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rachel E. Sutton
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robin G. Bombardi
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Michael L. Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Justin G. Julander
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Daved H. Fremont
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - James E. Crowe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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11
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Monoclonal Antibodies and Flaviviruses: a Possible Option? mBio 2022; 13:e0082422. [PMID: 35575500 PMCID: PMC9239274 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00824-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
M. P. Doyle, J. R. Genualdi, A. L. Bailey, N. Kose, et al. (mBio 13:e00512-22, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00512-22), report on the cloning of a panel of fully human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against yellow fever virus (YFV). In particular, mAb YFV-136 is endowed with interesting cross-YFV substrain-neutralizing features. The importance of YFV-136 and other mAbs with similar characteristics is related not necessarily only to their possible future use in the clinic but also to their role in a better understanding of the biology of YFV (as well as of other flaviviruses) for the development of effective therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. The emergence and reemergence of different flaviviruses worldwide in the last decades certainly make this a compelling clinical priority.
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12
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Haraya K, Tsutsui H, Komori Y, Tachibana T. Recent Advances in Translational Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Prediction of Therapeutic Antibodies Using Modeling and Simulation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050508. [PMID: 35631335 PMCID: PMC9145563 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been a promising therapeutic approach for several diseases and a wide variety of mAbs are being evaluated in clinical trials. To accelerate clinical development and improve the probability of success, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PKPD) in humans must be predicted before clinical trials can begin. Traditionally, empirical-approach-based PKPD prediction has been applied for a long time. Recently, modeling and simulation (M&S) methods have also become valuable for quantitatively predicting PKPD in humans. Although several models (e.g., the compartment model, Michaelis–Menten model, target-mediated drug disposition model, and physiologically based pharmacokinetic model) have been established and used to predict the PKPD of mAbs in humans, more complex mechanistic models, such as the quantitative systemics pharmacology model, have been recently developed. This review summarizes the recent advances and future direction of M&S-based approaches to the quantitative prediction of human PKPD for mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Haraya
- Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan;
- Correspondence:
| | - Haruka Tsutsui
- Discovery Biologics Department, Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan;
| | - Yasunori Komori
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan; (Y.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Tatsuhiko Tachibana
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-135 Komakado, Gotemba 412-8513, Japan; (Y.K.); (T.T.)
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13
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Madan B, Reddem ER, Wang P, Casner RG, Nair MS, Huang Y, Fahad AS, de Souza MO, Banach BB, López Acevedo SN, Pan X, Nimrania R, Teng I, Bahna F, Zhou T, Zhang B, Yin MT, Ho DD, Kwong PD, Shapiro L, DeKosky BJ. Antibody screening at reduced pH enables preferential selection of potently neutralizing antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2. AIChE J 2021; 67:e17440. [PMID: 34898670 PMCID: PMC8646896 DOI: 10.1002/aic.17440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Antiviral monoclonal antibody (mAb) discovery enables the development of antibody-based antiviral therapeutics. Traditional antiviral mAb discovery relies on affinity between antibody and a viral antigen to discover potent neutralizing antibodies, but these approaches are inefficient because many high affinity mAbs have no neutralizing activity. We sought to determine whether screening for anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAbs at reduced pH could provide more efficient neutralizing antibody discovery. We mined the antibody response of a convalescent COVID-19 patient at both physiological pH (7.4) and reduced pH (4.5), revealing that SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies were preferentially enriched in pH 4.5 yeast display sorts. Structural analysis revealed that a potent new antibody called LP5 targets the SARS-CoV-2 N-terminal domain supersite via a unique binding recognition mode. Our data combine with evidence from prior studies to support antibody screening at pH 4.5 to accelerate antiviral neutralizing antibody discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | - Eswar R. Reddem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior InstituteColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ryan G. Casner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior InstituteColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Manoj S. Nair
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Yaoxing Huang
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Ahmed S. Fahad
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | | | - Bailey B. Banach
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | | | - Xiaoli Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | - Rajani Nimrania
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | - I‐Ting Teng
- Vaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Fabiana Bahna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior InstituteColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Tongqing Zhou
- Vaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Baoshan Zhang
- Vaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Michael T. Yin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious DiseasesColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - David D. Ho
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Vaccine Research CenterNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Lawrence Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior InstituteColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research CenterColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Brandon J. DeKosky
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryThe University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
- Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
- The Ragon Institute of MGHMIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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14
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Lee DCP, Raman R, Ghafar NA, Budigi Y. An antibody engineering platform using amino acid networks: A case study in development of antiviral therapeutics. Antiviral Res 2021; 192:105105. [PMID: 34111505 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present here a case study of an antibody-engineering platform that selects, modifies, and assembles antibody parts to construct novel antibodies. A salient feature of this platform includes the role of amino acid networks in optimizing framework regions (FRs) and complementarity determining regions (CDRs) to engineer new antibodies with desired structure-function relationships. The details of this approach are described in the context of its utility in engineering ZAb_FLEP, a potent anti-Zika virus antibody. ZAb_FLEP comprises of distinct parts, including heavy chain and light chain FRs and CDRs, with engineered features such as loop lengths and optimal epitope-paratope contacts. We demonstrate, with different test antibodies derived from different FR-CDR combinations, that despite these test antibodies sharing high overall sequence similarity, they yield diverse functional readouts. Furthermore, we show that strategies relying on one dimensional sequence similarity-based analyses of antibodies miss important structural nuances of the FR-CDR relationship, which is effectively addressed by the amino acid networks approach of this platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul Raman
- Department of Biological Engineering, And Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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15
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Pecetta S, Finco O, Seubert A. Quantum leap of monoclonal antibody (mAb) discovery and development in the COVID-19 era. Semin Immunol 2020; 50:101427. [PMID: 33277154 PMCID: PMC7670927 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years the global market for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) became a multi-billion-dollar business. This success is mainly driven by treatments in the oncology and autoimmune space. Instead, development of effective mAbs against infectious diseases has been lagging behind. For years the high production cost and limited efficacy have blocked broader application of mAbs in the infectious disease space, which instead has been dominated for almost a century by effective and cheap antibiotics and vaccines. Only very few mAbs against RSV, anthrax, Clostridium difficile or rabies have reached the market. This is about to change. The development of urgently needed and highly effective mAbs as preventive and therapeutic treatments against a variety of pathogens is gaining traction. Vast advances in mAb isolation, engineering and production have entirely shifted the cost-efficacy balance. MAbs against devastating diseases like Ebola, HIV and other complex pathogens are now within reach. This trend is further accelerated by ongoing or imminent health crises like COVID-19 and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), where antibodies could be the last resort. In this review we will retrace the history of antibodies from the times of serum therapy to modern mAbs and lay out how the current run for effective treatments against COVID-19 will lead to a quantum leap in scientific, technological and health care system innovation around mAb treatments for infectious diseases.
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16
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Leong WY. Engineered human immunoglobulin anti-yellow fever virus monoclonal antibodies to treat severe yellow fever. J Travel Med 2020; 27:5908537. [PMID: 32946558 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Teaser A new engineered human immunoglobulin (Ig)G anti-yellow fever virus monoclonal antibody suggested potential clinical benefit in Phase 1a and 1b clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Leong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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