1
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Alesi N, Asrani K, Lotan TL, Henske EP. The Spectrum of Renal "TFEopathies": Flipping the mTOR Switch in Renal Tumorigenesis. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:0. [PMID: 39012319 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00026.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of Rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a serine/threonine kinase that couples nutrient and growth factor signaling to the cellular control of metabolism and plays a fundamental role in aberrant proliferation in cancer. mTORC1 has previously been considered an "on/off" switch, capable of phosphorylating the entire pool of its substrates when activated. However, recent studies have indicated that mTORC1 may be active toward its canonical substrates, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) and S6 kinase (S6K), involved in mRNA translation and protein synthesis, and inactive toward TFEB and TFE3, transcription factors involved in the regulation of lysosome biogenesis, in several pathological contexts. Among these conditions are Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) and, recently, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Furthermore, increased TFEB and TFE3 nuclear localization in these syndromes, and in translocation renal cell carcinomas (tRCC), drives mTORC1 activity toward the canonical substrates, through the transcriptional activation of the Rag GTPases, thereby positioning TFEB and TFE3 upstream of mTORC1 activity toward 4EBP1 and S6K. The expanding importance of TFEB and TFE3 in the pathogenesis of these renal diseases warrants a novel clinical grouping that we term "TFEopathies." Currently, there are no therapeutic options directly targeting TFEB and TFE3, which represents a challenging and critically required avenue for cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alesi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kaushal Asrani
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Elizabeth P Henske
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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2
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Patel AA, Kim H, Ramesh R, Marquez A, Faraj MM, Antikainen H, Lee AS, Torres A, Khawaja IM, Heffernan C, Bonder EM, Maurel P, Svaren J, Son YJ, Dobrowolski R, Kim HA. TFEB/3 Govern Repair Schwann Cell Generation and Function Following Peripheral Nerve Injury. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0198242024. [PMID: 39054068 PMCID: PMC11358533 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0198-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
TFEB and TFE3 (TFEB/3), key regulators of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, play diverse roles depending on cell type. This study highlights a hitherto unrecognized role of TFEB/3 crucial for peripheral nerve repair. Specifically, they promote the generation of progenitor-like repair Schwann cells after axonal injury. In Schwann cell-specific TFEB/3 double knock-out mice of either sex, the TFEB/3 loss disrupts the transcriptomic reprogramming that is essential for the formation of repair Schwann cells. Consequently, mutant mice fail to populate the injured nerve with repair Schwann cells and exhibit defects in axon regrowth, target reinnervation, and functional recovery. TFEB/3 deficiency inhibits the expression of injury-responsive repair Schwann cell genes, despite the continued expression of c-jun, a previously identified regulator of repair Schwann cell function. TFEB/3 binding motifs are enriched in the enhancer regions of injury-responsive genes, suggesting their role in repair gene activation. Autophagy-dependent myelin breakdown is not impaired despite TFEB/3 deficiency. These findings underscore a unique role of TFEB/3 in adult Schwann cells that is required for proper peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash A Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Hyukmin Kim
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Neural Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
| | - Raghu Ramesh
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Anthony Marquez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Moler M Faraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Henri Antikainen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Andrew S Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Adriana Torres
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Imran M Khawaja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Corey Heffernan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Edward M Bonder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Patrice Maurel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - John Svaren
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Neural Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140
| | - Radek Dobrowolski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
| | - Haesun A Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102
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3
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Vu HN, Valdimarsson MM, Sigurbjörnsdóttir S, Bergsteinsdóttir K, Debbache J, Bismuth K, Swing DA, Hallsson JH, Larue L, Arnheiter H, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Heidarsson PO, Steingrímsson E. Novel mechanisms of MITF regulation identified in a mouse suppressor screen. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00225-3. [PMID: 39169200 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
MITF, a basic Helix-Loop-Helix Zipper (bHLHZip) transcription factor, plays vital roles in melanocyte development and functions as an oncogene. We perform a genetic screen for suppressors of the Mitf-associated pigmentation phenotype in mice and identify an intragenic Mitf mutation that terminates MITF at the K316 SUMOylation site, leading to loss of the C-end intrinsically disordered region (IDR). The resulting protein is more nuclear but less stable than wild-type MITF and retains DNA-binding ability. As a dimer, it can translocate wild-type and mutant MITF partners into the nucleus, improving its own stability thus ensuring nuclear MITF supply. smFRET analysis shows interactions between K316 SUMOylation and S409 phosphorylation sites across monomers; these interactions largely explain the observed effects. The recurrent melanoma-associated E318K mutation in MITF, which affects K316 SUMOylation, also alters protein regulation in concert with S409. This suggests that residues K316 and S409 of MITF are impacted by SUMOylation and phosphorylation, respectively, mediating effects on nuclear localization and stability through conformational changes. Our work provides a novel mechanism of genetic suppression, and an example of how apparently deleterious mutations lead to normal phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Nhung Vu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Matti Már Valdimarsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Sara Sigurbjörnsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Kristín Bergsteinsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Julien Debbache
- Mammalian Development Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3706, USA
| | - Keren Bismuth
- Mammalian Development Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3706, USA
| | - Deborah A Swing
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD, 21702-1201, USA
| | - Jón H Hallsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Lionel Larue
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Heinz Arnheiter
- Mammalian Development Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-3706, USA
| | - Neal G Copeland
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD, 21702-1201, USA
- Genetics Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nancy A Jenkins
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD, 21702-1201, USA
- Genetics Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Petur O Heidarsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Eiríkur Steingrímsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102, Reykjavík, Iceland.
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Xu Q, Nie H, Ma Q, Wang J, Huo Z, Yan X. The lgi-miR-2d is Potentially Involved in Shell Melanin Synthesis by Targeting mitf in Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:432-446. [PMID: 38607523 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Shell color as an important economic trait is also the crucial target trait for breeding and production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous small non-coding RNA that can post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes, it plays important roles in many life activities and physiological processes, such as shell color, stress response, and disease traits. In this study, we investigated the function of lgi-miR-2d in shell melanin formation and the expression patterns of lgi-miR-2d and target gene Rpmitf in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. We further explored and verified the relationship between Rpmitf and lgi-miR-2d and identified the expression level of shell color-related gene changes by RNAi and injecting the antagomir of lgi-miR-2d, respectively. Our results indicated that lgi-miR-2d antagomir affected the expression of its target gene Rpmitf. In addition, the dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the direct interaction between lgi-miR-2d and Rpmitf. The results showed that the expression levels of melanin-related genes such as Rpmitf and tyr were significantly decreased in the positive treatment group compared with the blank control group after the Rpmitf dsRNA injection, indicating Rpmitf plays a crucial role in the melanin synthesis pathway. Taken together, we speculated that lgi-miR-2d might be negatively modulating Rpmitf, which might regulate other shell color-related genes, thereby affecting melanin synthesis in R. philippinarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyue Xu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hongtao Nie
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Qianying Ma
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiadi Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhongming Huo
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiwu Yan
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shellfish Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
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Zhang T, Zhang R, Liu W, Qi Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Xiao Z, Pandol SJ, Han YP, Zheng X. Transcription factor EB modulates the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species in intestinal epithelial cells to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167065. [PMID: 38342419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy regulator, is crucial for cellular homeostasis, and its abnormality is related to diverse inflammatory diseases. Genetic variations in autophagic genes are associated with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, little is known about the role and mechanism of TFEB in disease pathogenesis. In this study, we found that the genetic deletion of TFEB in mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) caused intestinal barrier dysfunction, leading to increased susceptibility to experimental colitis. Mechanistically, TFEB functionally protected IEC in part through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (TFEB-PGC1α axis) induction, which consequently suppressed reactive oxygen species. TFEB can directly regulate PGC-1α transcription to control antioxidation level. Notably, TFEB expression is impaired and downregulated in the colon tissues of IBD patients. Collectively, our results indicate that intestinal TFEB participates in oxidative stress regulation and attenuates IBD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruofei Zhang
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucheng Qi
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhixiong Xiao
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yuan-Ping Han
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Damayanti NP, Cordova RA, Rupert C, Delle Fontane I, Shen L, Orsi S, Klunk AJ, Linehan WM, Staschke KA, Hollenhorst PC, Heppner DE, Pili R. TFE3-Splicing Factor Fusions Represent Functional Drivers and Druggable Targets in Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1286-1302. [PMID: 38266162 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
TFE3 is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper MiT transcription factor family, and its chimeric proteins are associated with translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC). Despite the variety of gene fusions, most TFE3 fusion partner genes are related to spliceosome machinery. Dissecting the function of TFE3 fused to spliceosome machinery factors (TFE3-SF) could direct the development of effective therapies for this lethal disease, which is refractory to standard treatments for kidney cancer. Here, by using a combination of in silico structure prediction, transcriptome profiling, molecular characterization, and high-throughput high-content screening (HTHCS), we interrogated a number of oncogenic mechanisms of TFE3-SF fusions. TFE3-SF fusions drove the transformation of kidney cells and promoted distinct oncogenic phenotypes in a fusion partner-dependent manner, differentially altering the transcriptome and RNA splicing landscape and activating different oncogenic pathways. Inhibiting TFE3-SF dimerization reversed its oncogenic activity and represented a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Screening the FDA-approved drugs library LOPAC and a small-molecule library (Microsource) using HTHCS combined with FRET technology identified compounds that inhibit TFE3-SF dimerization. Hit compounds were validated in 2D and 3D patient-derived xenograft models expressing TFE3-SF. The antihistamine terfenadine decreased cell proliferation and reduced in vivo tumor growth of tRCC. Overall, these results unmask therapeutic strategies to target TFE3-SF dimerization for treating patients with tRCC. SIGNIFICANCE TFE3-splicing factor fusions possess both transcription and splicing factor functions that remodel the transcriptome and spliceosome and can be targeted with dimerization inhibitors to suppress the growth of translocation renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur P Damayanti
- Genitourinary Program, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ricardo A Cordova
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Christopher Rupert
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Ilaria Delle Fontane
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Li Shen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Sabrina Orsi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Angela J Klunk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urological Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kirk A Staschke
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Peter C Hollenhorst
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - David E Heppner
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Roberto Pili
- Genitourinary Program, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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Amarnani A, Lopez-Ocasio M, Dilshat R, Anumukonda K, Davila J, Malakhov N, Huan C, Magnusdottir E, Steingrimsson E, Roman CA. Mitf regulates gene expression networks implicated in B cell homeostasis, germinal center responses, and tolerance. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1339325. [PMID: 38444862 PMCID: PMC10912573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The microphthalmia transcription factor Mitf has been shown to regulate B cell activation and tolerance. However, the underlying B cell-specific mechanisms responsible, and those that distinguish Mitf from closely related Mitf/TFE (MiT) transcription factors Tfe3, Tfeb, and Tfec, remain obscure. Methods Two complementary mouse models of Mitf and MiT deficiency were used: the Mitfmi-vga9/mi-vga9 systemic loss-of-function mutation, and B-cell specific MiT family inactivation via transgenic expression of a trans-dominant negative (TDN) protein (TDN-B). These models were employed to identify MiT family candidate target genes and pathways. Results Both models displayed spontaneous splenomegaly coincident with elevated plasma cell numbers, autoantibody titers, and proteinuria. These abnormalities appeared dependent on T helper cells, but independent of other non-B cell intrinsic effects of systemic Mitf inactivation. MiT inactivation in B cells augmented aspects of lupus-like autoimmune disease on the C57BL/6-Faslpr/lpr background. In both models, RNAseq of ex vivo resting B cells showed transcriptional upregulation of genes that control cell cycle, germinal center responses, and plasma cell differentiation. Among the genes strongly upregulated in both models were Socs6, Isp53 (Baiap1), S1pR2, and IgG2b/c. Mitf null B cells, but not TDN-B cells, showed evidence of type I interferon dysregulation. Discussion These studies clarify Mitf's role as 1) a key regulator of a B cell intrinsic germinal center program that influences self-tolerance through novel target genes, and 2) a regulator of systemic inflammatory processes that can impact the B cell microenvironment. This distinction of Mitf's function from that of related MiT transcription factors advances our understanding of B cell regulation and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Amarnani
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Graduate Studies, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- School of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maria Lopez-Ocasio
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Graduate Studies, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ramile Dilshat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kamala Anumukonda
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Graduate Studies, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Anuko Tech Inc., Hillsborough, NJ, United States
| | - Jonathan Davila
- School of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Department of Urology, Northwell Health, Staten Island, NY, United States
| | - Nikita Malakhov
- School of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, NewYork-Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chongmin Huan
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Graduate Studies, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Erna Magnusdottir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eirikur Steingrimsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Christopher A. Roman
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Graduate Studies, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- School of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States
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8
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Sabaté San José A, Petersen PH. Absence of meningeal mast cells in the Mitf mutant mouse. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1337621. [PMID: 38405598 PMCID: PMC10884230 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1337621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are located in the meninges of the central nervous system (CNS), where they play key roles in the immune response. MC-deficient mice are advantageous in delineating the role of MCs in the immune response in vivo. In this study, we illustrate that a mutation in microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf) affects meningeal MC number in a dosage-dependent manner. C57BL/6J Mitf null mice lack meningeal MCs completely, whereas heterozygous mice have on average 25% fewer MCs. Mitf heterozygous mice might be a valuable tool to study the role of MCs in the meninges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Sabaté San José
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Petur Henry Petersen
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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9
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Tzika AC. On the role of TFEC in reptilian coloration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1358828. [PMID: 38385026 PMCID: PMC10879265 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1358828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Reptilian species, particularly snakes and lizards, are emerging models of animal coloration. Here, I focus on the role of the TFEC transcription factor in snake and lizard coloration based on a study on wild-type and piebald ball pythons. Genomic mapping previously identified a TFEC mutation linked to the piebald ball python phenotype. The association of TFEC with skin coloration was further supported by gene-editing experiments in the brown anole lizard. However, novel histological analyses presented here reveal discrepancies between the ball python and the anole TFEC mutants phenotype, cautioning against broad generalizations. Indeed, both wild-type and piebald ball pythons completely lack iridophores, whereas the TFEC anole lizard mutants lose their iridophores compared to the wild-type anole. Based on these findings, I discuss the potential role of the MiT/TFE family in skin pigmentation across vertebrate lineages and advocate the need for developmental analyses and additional gene-editing experiments to explore the reptilian coloration diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia C. Tzika
- Laboratory of Artificial and Natural Evolution (LANE), Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Chae CW, Jung YH, Han HJ. Transcription Factor EB-Mediated Lysosomal Function Regulation for Determining Stem Cell Fate under Metabolic Stress. Mol Cells 2023; 46:727-735. [PMID: 38052487 PMCID: PMC10701302 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells require high amounts of energy to replicate their genome and organelles and differentiate into numerous cell types. Therefore, metabolic stress has a major impact on stem cell fate determination, including self-renewal, quiescence, and differentiation. Lysosomes are catabolic organelles that influence stem cell function and fate by regulating the degradation of intracellular components and maintaining cellular homeostasis in response to metabolic stress. Lysosomal functions altered by metabolic stress are tightly regulated by the transcription factor EB (TFEB) and TFE3, critical regulators of lysosomal gene expression. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanism of TFEB-mediated lysosomal function may provide some insight into stem cell fate determination under metabolic stress. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism of TFEB/TFE3 in modulating stem cell lysosomal function and then elucidate the role of TFEB/TFE3-mediated transcriptional activity in the determination of stem cell fate under metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Woo Chae
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Young Hyun Jung
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 Four Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education & Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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11
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Aufiero MA, Shlezinger N, Gjonbalaj M, Mills KAM, Ballabio A, Hohl TM. Dectin-1/CARD9 induction of the TFEB and TFE3 gene network is dispensable for phagocyte anti- Aspergillus activity in the lung. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0021723. [PMID: 37861312 PMCID: PMC10652993 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00217-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid phagocytes of the respiratory immune system, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and alveolar macrophages, are essential for immunity to Aspergillus fumigatus, the most common etiologic agent of mold pneumonia worldwide. Following the engulfment of A. fumigatus conidia, fusion of the phagosome with the lysosome is a critical process for killing conidia. TFEB and TFE3 are transcription factors that regulate lysosomal biogenesis under stress and are activated by inflammatory stimuli in macrophages, but it is unknown whether TFEB and TFE3 contribute to anti-Aspergillus immunity during infection. We found that lung neutrophils express TFEB and TFE3, and their target genes were upregulated during A. fumigatus lung infection. In addition, A. fumigatus infection induced nuclear accumulation of TFEB and TFE3 in macrophages in a process regulated by Dectin-1 and CARD9. Genetic deletion of Tfeb and Tfe3 impaired macrophage killing of A. fumigatus conidia. However, in a murine immune-competent Aspergillus infection model with genetic deficiency of Tfeb and Tfe3 in hematopoietic cells, we surprisingly found that lung myeloid phagocytes had no defects in conidial phagocytosis or killing. Loss of TFEB and TFE3 did not impact murine survival or clearance of A. fumigatus from the lungs. Our findings indicate that myeloid phagocytes activate TFEB and TFE3 in response to A. fumigatus, and while this pathway promotes macrophage fungicidal activity in vitro, genetic loss can be functionally compensated in the lung, resulting in no measurable defect in fungal control and host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano A. Aufiero
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Neta Shlezinger
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mergim Gjonbalaj
- Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital, New York, New York, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen A. M. Mills
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tobias M. Hohl
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital, New York, New York, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Pasquier A, Pastore N, D'Orsi L, Colonna R, Esposito A, Maffia V, De Cegli R, Mutarelli M, Ambrosio S, Tufano G, Grimaldi A, Cesana M, Cacchiarelli D, Delalleau N, Napolitano G, Ballabio A. TFEB and TFE3 control glucose homeostasis by regulating insulin gene expression. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113928. [PMID: 37712288 PMCID: PMC10620765 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To fulfill their function, pancreatic beta cells require precise nutrient-sensing mechanisms that control insulin production. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) and its homolog TFE3 have emerged as crucial regulators of the adaptive response of cell metabolism to environmental cues. Here, we show that TFEB and TFE3 regulate beta-cell function and insulin gene expression in response to variations in nutrient availability. We found that nutrient deprivation in beta cells promoted TFEB/TFE3 activation, which resulted in suppression of insulin gene expression. TFEB overexpression was sufficient to inhibit insulin transcription, whereas beta cells depleted of both TFEB and TFE3 failed to suppress insulin gene expression in response to amino acid deprivation. Interestingly, ChIP-seq analysis showed binding of TFEB to super-enhancer regions that regulate insulin transcription. Conditional, beta-cell-specific, Tfeb-overexpressing, and Tfeb/Tfe3 double-KO mice showed severe alteration of insulin transcription, secretion, and glucose tolerance, indicating that TFEB and TFE3 are important physiological mediators of pancreatic function. Our findings reveal a nutrient-controlled transcriptional mechanism that regulates insulin production, thus playing a key role in glucose homeostasis at both cellular and organismal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Pasquier
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
| | - Nunzia Pastore
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Luca D'Orsi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
| | - Rita Colonna
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
| | | | - Veronica Maffia
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
| | | | - Margherita Mutarelli
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent SystemsNational Research Council (ISASI‐CNR)PozzuoliItaly
| | | | - Gennaro Tufano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
| | | | - Marcella Cesana
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine ProgramUniversity of Naples "Federico II"NaplesItaly
| | | | - Gennaro Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine ProgramUniversity of Naples "Federico II"NaplesItaly
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)NaplesItaly
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine ProgramUniversity of Naples "Federico II"NaplesItaly
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
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13
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Vu HN, Valdimarsson MM, Sigurbjörnsdóttir S, Bergsteinsdóttir K, Debbache J, Bismuth K, Swing DA, Hallsson JH, Larue L, Arnheiter H, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Heidarsson PO, Steingrímsson E. Novel mechanisms of MITF regulation and melanoma predisposition identified in a mouse suppressor screen. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.04.551952. [PMID: 37786677 PMCID: PMC10541597 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.04.551952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
MITF, a basic-Helix-Loop-Helix Zipper (bHLHZip) transcription factor, plays vital roles in melanocyte development and functions as an oncogene. To explore MITF regulation and its role in melanoma, we conducted a genetic screen for suppressors of the Mitf-associated pigmentation phenotype. An intragenic Mitf mutation was identified, leading to termination of MITF at the K316 SUMOylation site and loss of the C-end intrinsically disordered region (IDR). The resulting protein is more nuclear but less stable than wild-type MITF and retains DNA-binding ability. Interestingly, as a dimer, it can translocate wild-type and mutant MITF partners into the nucleus, improving its own stability and ensuring an active nuclear MITF supply. Interactions between K316 SUMOylation and S409 phosphorylation sites across monomers largely explain the observed effects. Notably, the recurrent melanoma-associated E318K mutation in MITF, which affects K316 SUMOylation, also alters protein regulation in concert with S409, unraveling a novel regulatory mechanism with unexpected disease insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Nhung Vu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Matti Már Valdimarsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Sara Sigurbjörnsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Kristín Bergsteinsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Julien Debbache
- Mammalian Development Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-3706
| | - Keren Bismuth
- Mammalian Development Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-3706
| | | | - Jón H. Hallsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Lionel Larue
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Heinz Arnheiter
- Mammalian Development Section, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-3706
| | - Neal G. Copeland
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702-1201
- Current address: Genetics Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Nancy A. Jenkins
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702-1201
- Current address: Genetics Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Petur O. Heidarsson
- Department of Biochemistry, Science Institute, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Eiríkur Steingrímsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 102 Reykjavík, Iceland
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14
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Hu JH, Li SY, Yu LH, Guan ZR, Jiang YP, Hu D, Wang HJ, Zhao LP, Zhou ZH, Yan YX, Xie T, Huang ZH, Lou JS. TFEB: a double-edged sword for tumor metastasis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:917-929. [PMID: 37328669 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB, a member of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF/TFE) family, is a master regulator of autophagy, lysosome biogenesis, and TAMs. Metastasis is one of the main reasons for the failure of tumor therapy. Studies on the relationship between TFEB and tumor metastasis are contradictory. On the positive side, TFEB mainly affects tumor cell metastasis via five aspects, including autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), lysosomal biogenesis, lipid metabolism, and oncogenic signaling pathways; on the negative side, TFEB mainly affects tumor cell metastasis in two aspects, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and EMT. In this review, we described the detailed mechanism of TFEB-mediated regulation of metastasis. In addition, we also described the activation and inactivation of TFEB in several aspects, including the mTORC1 and Rag GTPase systems, ERK2, and AKT. However, the exact process by which TFEB regulates tumor metastasis remains unclear in some pathways, which requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Shou-Ye Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
- Zhejiang Eyoung Pharmaceutical Research and Development Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311258, China
| | - Li-Hua Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Zhen-Rong Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Ya-Ping Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Die Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Hao-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Zhao-Huang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Ya-Xin Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Zhi-Hui Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Jian-Shu Lou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
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15
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García-Llorca A, Ólafsson KH, Sigurdsson AT, Eysteinsson T. Progressive Cone-Rod Dystrophy and RPE Dysfunction in Mitfmi/+ Mice. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1458. [PMID: 37510362 PMCID: PMC10379086 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the mouse microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf) gene affect retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) differentiation and development and can lead to hypopigmentation, microphthalmia, deafness, and blindness. For instance, an association has been established between loss-of-function mutations in the mouse Mitf gene and a variety of human retinal diseases, including Waardenburg type 2 and Tietz syndromes. Although there is evidence showing that mice with the homozygous Mitfmi mutation manifest microphthalmia and osteopetrosis, there are limited or no data on the effects of the heterozygous condition in the eye. Mitf mice can therefore be regarded as an important model system for the study of human disease. Thus, we characterized Mitfmi/+ mice at 1, 3, 12, and 18 months old in comparison with age-matched wild-type mice. The light- and dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) recordings showed progressive cone-rod dystrophy in Mitfmi/+ mice. The RPE response was reduced in the mutant in all age groups studied. Progressive loss of pigmentation was found in Mitfmi/+ mice. Histological retinal sections revealed evidence of retinal degeneration in Mitfmi/+ mice at older ages. For the first time, we report a mouse model of progressive cone-rod dystrophy and RPE dysfunction with a mutation in the Mitf gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea García-Llorca
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | | | - Arnór Thorri Sigurdsson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thor Eysteinsson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Landspitali—National University Hospital, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
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16
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Zhang X, Li S, Malik I, Do MH, Ji L, Chou C, Shi W, Capistrano KJ, Zhang J, Hsu TW, Nixon BG, Xu K, Wang X, Ballabio A, Schmidt LS, Linehan WM, Li MO. Reprogramming tumour-associated macrophages to outcompete cancer cells. Nature 2023; 619:616-623. [PMID: 37380769 PMCID: PMC10719927 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In metazoan organisms, cell competition acts as a quality control mechanism to eliminate unfit cells in favour of their more robust neighbours1,2. This mechanism has the potential to be maladapted, promoting the selection of aggressive cancer cells3-6. Tumours are metabolically active and are populated by stroma cells7,8, but how environmental factors affect cancer cell competition remains largely unknown. Here we show that tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) can be dietarily or genetically reprogrammed to outcompete MYC-overexpressing cancer cells. In a mouse model of breast cancer, MYC overexpression resulted in an mTORC1-dependent 'winner' cancer cell state. A low-protein diet inhibited mTORC1 signalling in cancer cells and reduced tumour growth, owing unexpectedly to activation of the transcription factors TFEB and TFE3 and mTORC1 in TAMs. Diet-derived cytosolic amino acids are sensed by Rag GTPases through the GTPase-activating proteins GATOR1 and FLCN to control Rag GTPase effectors including TFEB and TFE39-14. Depletion of GATOR1 in TAMs suppressed the activation of TFEB, TFE3 and mTORC1 under the low-protein diet condition, causing accelerated tumour growth; conversely, depletion of FLCN or Rag GTPases in TAMs activated TFEB, TFE3 and mTORC1 under the normal protein diet condition, causing decelerated tumour growth. Furthermore, mTORC1 hyperactivation in TAMs and cancer cells and their competitive fitness were dependent on the endolysosomal engulfment regulator PIKfyve. Thus, noncanonical engulfment-mediated Rag GTPase-independent mTORC1 signalling in TAMs controls competition between TAMs and cancer cells, which defines a novel innate immune tumour suppression pathway that could be targeted for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shun Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isha Malik
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mytrang H Do
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liangliang Ji
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chun Chou
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Shi
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristelle J Capistrano
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Wei Hsu
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology, and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Briana G Nixon
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ke Xu
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- META Pharmaceuticals, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura S Schmidt
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Aufiero MA, Shlezinger N, Gjonbalaj M, Mills KA, Ballabio A, Hohl TM. Dectin-1/CARD9-induction of the TFEB and TFE3 gene network is dispensable for phagocyte anti- Aspergillus activity in the lung. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.13.544785. [PMID: 37398416 PMCID: PMC10312688 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid phagocytes of the respiratory immune system, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and alveolar macrophages, are essential for immunity to Aspergillus fumigatus, the most common etiologic agent of mold pneumonia worldwide. Following engulfment of A. fumigatus conidia, fusion of the phagosome with the lysosome, is a critical process for killing conidia. TFEB and TFE3 are transcription factors that regulate lysosomal biogenesis under stress and are activated by inflammatory stimuli in macrophages, but it is unknown whether TFEB and TFE3 contribute to anti-Aspergillus immunity during infection. We found that lung neutrophils express TFEB and TFE3, and their target genes were upregulated during A. fumigatus lung infection. Additionally, A. fumigatus infection induced nuclear accumulation of TFEB and TFE3 in macrophages in a process regulated by Dectin-1 and CARD9 signaling. Genetic deletion of Tfeb and Tfe3 impaired macrophage killing of A. fumigatus conidia. However, in a murine immune competent Aspergillus infection model with genetic deficiency of Tfeb and Tfe3 in hematopoietic cells, we surprisingly found that lung myeloid phagocytes had no defects in conidial phagocytosis or killing. Loss of TFEB and TFE3 did not impact murine survival or clearance of A. fumigatus from the lungs. Our findings indicate that myeloid phagocytes activate TFEB and TFE3 in response to A. fumigatus, and while this pathway promotes macrophage fungicidal activity in vitro, genetic loss can be functionally compensated at the portal of infection in the lung, resulting in no measurable defect in fungal control and host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano A. Aufiero
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neta Shlezinger
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mergim Gjonbalaj
- Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen A.M. Mills
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tobias M. Hohl
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Di Malta C, Zampelli A, Granieri L, Vilardo C, De Cegli R, Cinque L, Nusco E, Pece S, Tosoni D, Sanguedolce F, Sorrentino NC, Merino MJ, Nielsen D, Srinivasan R, Ball MW, Ricketts CJ, Vocke CD, Lang M, Karim B, Lanfrancone L, Schmidt LS, Linehan WM, Ballabio A. TFEB and TFE3 drive kidney cystogenesis and tumorigenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16877. [PMID: 36987696 PMCID: PMC10165358 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is an inherited familial cancer syndrome characterized by the development of cutaneous lesions, pulmonary cysts, renal tumors and cysts and caused by loss-of-function pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the tumor-suppressor protein folliculin (FLCN). FLCN acts as a negative regulator of TFEB and TFE3 transcription factors, master controllers of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, by enabling their phosphorylation by the mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1). We have previously shown that deletion of Tfeb rescued the renal cystic phenotype of kidney-specific Flcn KO mice. Using Flcn/Tfeb/Tfe3 double and triple KO mice, we now show that both Tfeb and Tfe3 contribute, in a differential and cooperative manner, to kidney cystogenesis. Remarkably, the analysis of BHD patient-derived tumor samples revealed increased activation of TFEB/TFE3-mediated transcriptional program and silencing either of the two genes rescued tumorigenesis in human BHD renal tumor cell line-derived xenografts (CDXs). Our findings demonstrate in disease-relevant models that both TFEB and TFE3 are key drivers of renal tumorigenesis and suggest novel therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition of these transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Malta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Angela Zampelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
| | - Letizia Granieri
- Department of Experimental OncologyEuropean Institute of Oncology IRCCS (IEO)MilanItaly
| | - Claudia Vilardo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
| | | | - Laura Cinque
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
| | - Edoardo Nusco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
| | - Salvatore Pece
- Department of Experimental OncologyEuropean Institute of Oncology IRCCS (IEO)MilanItaly
| | - Daniela Tosoni
- Department of Experimental OncologyEuropean Institute of Oncology IRCCS (IEO)MilanItaly
| | | | - Nicolina Cristina Sorrentino
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
| | - Maria J Merino
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Deborah Nielsen
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Ramaprasad Srinivasan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Mark W Ball
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Christopher J Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Cathy D Vocke
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Martin Lang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Baktiar Karim
- Molecular Histopathology LaboratoryFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
| | - Luisa Lanfrancone
- Department of Experimental OncologyEuropean Institute of Oncology IRCCS (IEO)MilanItaly
| | - Laura S Schmidt
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)PozzuoliItaly
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational ScienceFederico II UniversityNaplesItaly
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteTexas Children's HospitalHoustonTXUSA
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19
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Wang T, Qin Y, Ye Z, Jing DS, Fan GX, Liu MQ, Zhuo QF, Ji SR, Chen XM, Yu XJ, Xu XW, Li Z. A new glance at autophagolysosomal-dependent or -independent function of transcriptional factor EB in human cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023:10.1038/s41401-023-01078-7. [PMID: 37012494 PMCID: PMC10374590 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-lysosome system plays a variety of roles in human cancers. In addition to being implicated in metabolism, it is also involved in tumor immunity, remodeling the tumor microenvironment, vascular proliferation, and promoting tumor progression and metastasis. Transcriptional factor EB (TFEB) is a major regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal system. With the in-depth studies on TFEB, researchers have found that it promotes various cancer phenotypes by regulating the autophagolysosomal system, and even in an autophagy-independent way. In this review, we summarize the recent findings about TFEB in various types of cancer (melanoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer and lung cancer), and shed some light on the mechanisms by which it may serve as a potential target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Zeng Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - De-Sheng Jing
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gui-Xiong Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Meng-Qi Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi-Feng Zhuo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shun-Rong Ji
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xue-Min Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Xian-Jun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiao-Wu Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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20
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Garcia-Elfring A, Sabin CE, Iouchmanov AL, Roffey HL, Samudra SP, Alcala AJ, Osman RS, Lauderdale JD, Hendry AP, Menke DB, Barrett RDH. Piebaldism and chromatophore development in reptiles are linked to the tfec gene. Curr Biol 2023; 33:755-763.e3. [PMID: 36702128 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Reptiles display great diversity in color and pattern, yet much of what we know about vertebrate coloration comes from classic model species such as the mouse and zebrafish.1,2,3,4 Captive-bred ball pythons (Python regius) exhibit a remarkable degree of color and pattern variation. Despite the wide range of Mendelian color phenotypes available in the pet trade, ball pythons remain an overlooked species in pigmentation research. Here, we investigate the genetic basis of the recessive piebald phenotype, a pattern defect characterized by patches of unpigmented skin (leucoderma). We performed whole-genome sequencing and used a case-control approach to discover a nonsense mutation in the gene encoding the transcription factor tfec, implicating this gene in the leucodermic patches in ball pythons. We functionally validated tfec in a lizard model (Anolis sagrei) using the gene editing CRISPR/Cas9 system and TEM imaging of skin. Our findings show that reading frame mutations in tfec affect coloration and lead to a loss of iridophores in Anolis, indicating that tfec is required for chromatophore development. This study highlights the value of captive-bred ball pythons as a model species for accelerating discoveries on the genetic basis of vertebrate coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Garcia-Elfring
- Department of Biology, Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.
| | - Christina E Sabin
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Neuroscience Division of the Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Anna L Iouchmanov
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Heather L Roffey
- Biology Department, Vanier College, Montreal, QC H4L 3X9, Canada
| | - Sukhada P Samudra
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Aaron J Alcala
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Rida S Osman
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - James D Lauderdale
- Neuroscience Division of the Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Andrew P Hendry
- Department of Biology, Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Douglas B Menke
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Rowan D H Barrett
- Department of Biology, Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.
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21
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Carling PJ, Ryan BJ, McGuinness W, Kataria S, Humble SW, Milde S, Duce JA, Kapadia N, Zuercher WJ, Davis JB, Di Daniel E, Wade-Martins R. Multiparameter phenotypic screening for endogenous TFEB and TFE3 translocation identifies novel chemical series modulating lysosome function. Autophagy 2023; 19:692-705. [PMID: 35786165 PMCID: PMC9851200 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2095834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of toxic protein aggregates in multiple neurodegenerative diseases is associated with defects in the macroautophagy/autophagy-lysosome pathway. The amelioration of disease phenotypes across multiple models of neurodegeneration can be achieved through modulating the master regulator of lysosome function, TFEB (transcription factor EB). Using a novel multi-parameter high-throughput screen for cytoplasmic:nuclear translocation of endogenous TFEB and the related transcription factor TFE3, we screened the Published Kinase Inhibitor Set 2 (PKIS2) library as proof of principle and to identify kinase regulators of TFEB and TFE3. Given that TFEB and TFE3 are responsive to cellular stress we have established assays for cellular toxicity and lysosomal function, critical to ensuring the identification of hit compounds with only positive effects on lysosome activity. In addition to AKT inhibitors which regulate TFEB localization, we identified a series of quinazoline-derivative compounds that induced TFEB and TFE3 translocation. A novel series of structurally-related analogs was developed, and several compounds induced TFEB and TFE3 translocation at higher potency than previously screened compounds. KINOMEscan and cell-based KiNativ kinase profiling revealed high binding for the PRKD (protein kinase D) family of kinases, suggesting good selectivity for these compounds. We describe and utilize a cellular target-validation platform using CRISPRi knockdown and orthogonal PRKD inhibitors to demonstrate that the activity of these compounds is independent of PRKD inhibition. The more potent analogs induced subsequent upregulation of the CLEAR gene network and cleared pathological HTT protein in a cellular model of proteinopathy, demonstrating their potential to alleviate neurodegeneration-relevant phenotypes. Abbreviations: AD: Alzheimer disease; AK: adenylate kinase; CLEAR: coordinated lysosomal expression and regulation; CQ: chloroquine; HD: Huntington disease; PD: Parkinson disease; PKIS2: Published Kinase Inhibitor Set 2; PRKD: protein kinase D; TFEB: transcription factor EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillippa J Carling
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK
| | - Brent J Ryan
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - William McGuinness
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Shikha Kataria
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK
| | - Stewart W Humble
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Inherited Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Stefan Milde
- ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
| | - James A Duce
- ALBORADA Drug Discovery Institute, University of Cambridge, Island Research Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge
| | - Nirav Kapadia
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - William J Zuercher
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - John B Davis
- Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK
| | - Elena Di Daniel
- Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, NDM Research Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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22
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Nardone C, Palanski BA, Scott DC, Timms RT, Barber KW, Gu X, Mao A, Leng Y, Watson EV, Schulman BA, Cole PA, Elledge SJ. A central role for regulated protein stability in the control of TFE3 and MITF by nutrients. Mol Cell 2023; 83:57-73.e9. [PMID: 36608670 PMCID: PMC9908011 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The TFE3 and MITF master transcription factors maintain metabolic homeostasis by regulating lysosomal, melanocytic, and autophagy genes. Previous studies posited that their cytosolic retention by 14-3-3, mediated by the Rag GTPases-mTORC1, was key for suppressing transcriptional activity in the presence of nutrients. Here, we demonstrate using mammalian cells that regulated protein stability plays a fundamental role in their control. Amino acids promote the recruitment of TFE3 and MITF to the lysosomal surface via the Rag GTPases, activating an evolutionarily conserved phospho-degron and leading to ubiquitination by CUL1β-TrCP and degradation. Elucidation of the minimal functional degron revealed a conserved alpha-helix required for interaction with RagA, illuminating the molecular basis for a severe neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by missense mutations in TFE3 within the RagA-TFE3 interface. Additionally, the phospho-degron is recurrently lost in TFE3 genomic translocations that cause kidney cancer. Therefore, two divergent pathologies converge on the loss of protein stability regulation by nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nardone
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brad A Palanski
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel C Scott
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard T Timms
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Karl W Barber
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aoyue Mao
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yumei Leng
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emma V Watson
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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23
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Agostini F, Agostinis R, Medina DL, Bisaglia M, Greggio E, Plotegher N. The Regulation of MiTF/TFE Transcription Factors Across Model Organisms: from Brain Physiology to Implication for Neurodegeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5000-5023. [PMID: 35665902 PMCID: PMC9363479 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The microphthalmia/transcription factor E (MiTF/TFE) transcription factors are responsible for the regulation of various key processes for the maintenance of brain function, including autophagy-lysosomal pathway, lipid catabolism, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Among them, autophagy is one of the most relevant pathways in this frame; it is evolutionary conserved and crucial for cellular homeostasis. The dysregulation of MiTF/TFE proteins was shown to be involved in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, the characterization of their function is key in the understanding of the etiology of these diseases, with the potential to develop novel therapeutics targeted to MiTF/TFE proteins and to the autophagic process. The fact that these proteins are evolutionary conserved suggests that their function and dysfunction can be investigated in model organisms with a simpler nervous system than the mammalian one. Building not only on studies in mammalian models but also in complementary model organisms, in this review we discuss (1) the mechanistic regulation of MiTF/TFE transcription factors; (2) their roles in different regions of the central nervous system, in different cell types, and their involvement in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders; (3) the overlap and the compensation that occur among the different members of the family; (4) the importance of the evolutionary conservation of these protein and the process they regulate, which allows their study in different model organisms; and (5) their possible role as therapeutic targets in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rossella Agostinis
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale SSM, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical and Translational, Science, II University, Naples, Federico, Italy
| | - Marco Bisaglia
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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24
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Unraveling the Biology of Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma, a TAZ-CAMTA1 Fusion Driven Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122980. [PMID: 35740643 PMCID: PMC9221450 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular cancer that involves a gain-of-function gene fusion involving TAZ, a transcriptional coactivator, and one of two end effectors of the Hippo pathway. Although the activity of TAZ and/or YAP, a paralog of TAZ, is consistently altered in many cancers, genetic alterations involving YAP/TAZ are rare, and the precise mechanisms by which YAP/TAZ are activated are not well understood in most cancers. Because WWTR1(TAZ)–CAMTA1 is the only genetic alteration in approximately half of EHE, EHE is a genetically clean and homogenous system for understanding how the dysregulation of TAZ promotes tumorigenesis. Therefore, by using EHE as a model system, we hope to elucidate the essential biological pathways mediated by TAZ and identify mechanisms to target them. The findings of EHE research can be applied to other cancers that are addicted to high YAP/TAZ activity. Abstract The activities of YAP and TAZ, the end effectors of the Hippo pathway, are consistently altered in cancer, and this dysregulation drives aggressive tumor phenotypes. While the actions of these two proteins aid in tumorigenesis in the majority of cancers, the dysregulation of these proteins is rarely sufficient for initial tumor development. Herein, we present a unique TAZ-driven cancer, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), which harbors a WWTR1(TAZ)–CAMTA1 gene fusion in at least 90% of cases. Recent investigations have elucidated the mechanisms by which YAP/TAP-fusion oncoproteins function and drive tumorigenesis. This review presents a critical evaluation of this recent work, with a particular focus on how the oncoproteins alter the normal activity of TAZ and YAP, and, concurrently, we generate a framework for how we can target the gene fusions in patients. Since EHE represents a paradigm of YAP/TAZ dysregulation in cancer, targeted therapies for EHE may also be effective against other YAP/TAZ-dependent cancers.
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25
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Kammerer-Jacquet SF, Gandon C, Dugay F, Laguerre B, Peyronnet B, Mathieu R, Verhoest G, Bensalah K, Leroy X, Aubert S, Vermaut C, Escande F, Verkarre V, Compérat E, Ambrosetti D, Pedeutour F, Belaud-Rotureau MA, Rioux-Leclercq N. Comprehensive study of 9 novel cases of TFEB-amplified renal cell carcinoma: an aggressive tumor with frequent PDL1 expression. Histopathology 2022; 81:228-238. [PMID: 35562857 DOI: 10.1111/his.14683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES First described in 2014, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with TFEB amplification (6p21) is a rare molecular subgroup whose diagnosis is challenging. The prognosis and therapeutic implications remain unclear. METHODS We report here the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and genetic features of 9 novel cases. The pathological and immunohistochemical features were centrally reviewed by expert uropathologists. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed the diagnosis and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed to determine quantitative genomic alterations. We also performed an exhaustive review of the literature and compiled our data. RESULTS TFEB-amplified RCC were locally advanced with initial lymph node involvement in one case and liver metastasis in another case. They were high-grade eosinophilic tumors with papillary/pseudopapillary architecture, frequent positivity for melanocytic markers and frequent PDL1 expression. FISH demonstrated high-level TFEB amplification in 6 cases. One case showed concomitant TFEB translocation. CGH analysis identified complex alterations with frequent losses of 1p, 2q, 3p, 6p, and frequent 6p and 8q gains. VEGFA co-amplification was identified in all cases with a lower level than TFEB. The prognosis was poor with five patients having lymph node or distant metastases. CONCLUSION TFEB-amplified RCC is a rare molecular subgroup with variable morphology whose diagnosis is confirmed by FISH analysis. The complex alterations identified by CGH are consistent with an aggressive clinical behavior. The co-amplification of VEGFA and the expression of PDL1 could suggest a potential benefit from antiangiogenics and targeted immunotherapy in combination for these aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camille Gandon
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Frederic Dugay
- UMR 6290-IGDR, Rennes, France.,Department of Cytogenetics, University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Romain Mathieu
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | | | - Karim Bensalah
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Xavier Leroy
- Univ.Lille, CHU Lille, Department of Pathology, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Sebastien Aubert
- Univ.Lille, CHU Lille, Department of Pathology, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Catherine Vermaut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Fabienne Escande
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Virginie Verkarre
- Department of Pathology, HEGP, AP-HP-centre, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Eva Compérat
- Department of Pathology, Tenon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Florence Pedeutour
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U1081, Nice, France
| | - Marc-Antoine Belaud-Rotureau
- UMR 6290-IGDR, Rennes, France.,Department of Cytogenetics, University Hospital, Rennes, France.,Department of Oncology, Eugène Marquis Centre, Rennes, France
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26
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Gosis BS, Wada S, Thorsheim C, Li K, Jung S, Rhoades JH, Yang Y, Brandimarto J, Li L, Uehara K, Jang C, Lanza M, Sanford NB, Bornstein MR, Jeong S, Titchenell PM, Biddinger SB, Arany Z. Inhibition of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by selective inhibition of mTORC1. Science 2022; 376:eabf8271. [PMID: 35420934 PMCID: PMC9811404 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf8271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remain without effective therapies. The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway is a potential therapeutic target, but conflicting interpretations have been proposed for how mTORC1 controls lipid homeostasis. We show that selective inhibition of mTORC1 signaling in mice, through deletion of the RagC/D guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein folliculin (FLCN), promotes activation of transcription factor E3 (TFE3) in the liver without affecting other mTORC1 targets and protects against NAFLD and NASH. Disease protection is mediated by TFE3, which both induces lipid consumption and suppresses anabolic lipogenesis. TFE3 inhibits lipogenesis by suppressing proteolytic processing and activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and by interacting with SREBP-1c on chromatin. Our data reconcile previously conflicting studies and identify selective inhibition of mTORC1 as a potential approach to treat NASH and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget S Gosis
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shogo Wada
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chelsea Thorsheim
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kristina Li
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunhee Jung
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Joshua H Rhoades
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yifan Yang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Brandimarto
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kahealani Uehara
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Lanza
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathan B Sanford
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc R Bornstein
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunhye Jeong
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul M Titchenell
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sudha B Biddinger
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zoltan Arany
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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27
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Rishiq A, Islam O, Golomb E, Gilon D, Smith Y, Savchenko I, Eliaz R, Foo RS, Razin E, Tshori S. The Role Played by Transcription Factor E3 in Modulating Cardiac Hypertrophy. Int Heart J 2021; 62:1358-1368. [PMID: 34744144 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor E3 (TFE3), which is a key regulator of cellular adaptation, is expressed in most tissues, including the heart, and is reportedly overexpressed during cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, TFE3's role in cardiac hypertrophy was investigated. To understand TFE3's physiological importance in cardiac hypertrophy, pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy was induced through transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in both wild-type (WT) and TFE3 knockout mice (TFE3-/-). Eleven weeks after TAC induction, cardiac hypertrophy was observed in both WT and TFE3-/- mice. However, significant reductions in ejection fraction and fractional shortening were observed in WT mice compared to TFE3-/- mice. To understand the mechanism, we found that myosin heavy chain (Myh7), which increases during hemodynamic overload, was lower in TFE3-/- TAC mice than in WT TAC mice, whereas extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK) phosphorylation, which confers cardioprotection, was lower in the left ventricles of WT mice than in TFE3-/- mice. We also found high expressions of TFE3, histone, and MYH7 and low expression of pERK in the normal human heart compared to the hypertensive heart. In the H9c2 cell line, we found that ERK inhibition caused TFE3 nuclear localization. In addition, we found that MYH7 was associated with TFE3, and during TFE3 knockdown, MYH7 and histone were downregulated. Therefore, we showed that TFE3 expression was increased in the mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy and tissues from human hypertensive hearts, whereas pERK was decreased reversibly, which suggested that TFE3 is involved in cardiac hypertrophy through TFE3-histone-MYH7-pERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Rishiq
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
| | - Omedul Islam
- NUS-HUJ-CREATE Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammation Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Eliahu Golomb
- Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center
| | - Dan Gilon
- Heart Institute, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Yoav Smith
- Unit of Genomic Data Analysis, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
| | | | - Ran Eliaz
- Heart Institute, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center
| | - Roger Sy Foo
- Cardiovascular Research institute, Center of Translational Medicine
| | - Ehud Razin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
- NUS-HUJ-CREATE Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms of Inflammation Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
| | - Sagi Tshori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Kaplan Medical Center
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28
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A splicing variant of TFEB negatively regulates the TFEB-autophagy pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21119. [PMID: 34702966 PMCID: PMC8548335 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). Here, we cloned a novel splicing variant of TFEB, comprising 281 amino acids (hereafter referred to as small TFEB), and lacking the helix-loop-helix (HLH) and leucine zipper (LZ) motifs present in the full-length TFEB (TFEB-L). The TFEB variant is widely expressed in several tissues, including the brain, although its expression level is considerably lower than that of TFEB-L. Intriguingly, in cells stably expressing small TFEB, the expression profile of genes was inverted compared to that in cells ectopically expressing TFEB-L. In addition, fisetin-induced luciferase activity of promoter containing either coordinated lysosomal expression and regulation (CLEAR) element or antioxidant response element (ARE) was significantly repressed by co-transfection with small TFEB. Moreover, fisetin-mediated clearance of phosphorylated tau or α-synuclein was attenuated in the presence of small TFEB. Taken together, the results suggest that small TFEB is a novel splicing variant of TFEB that might act as a negative regulator of TFEB-L, thus fine tuning the activity of ALP during cellular stress.
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29
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Theofani E, Xanthou G. Autophagy: A Friend or Foe in Allergic Asthma? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126314. [PMID: 34204710 PMCID: PMC8231495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a major self-degradative process through which cytoplasmic material, including damaged organelles and proteins, are delivered and degraded in the lysosome. Autophagy represents a dynamic recycling system that produces new building blocks and energy, essential for cellular renovation, physiology, and homeostasis. Principal autophagy triggers include starvation, pathogens, and stress. Autophagy plays also a pivotal role in immune response regulation, including immune cell differentiation, antigen presentation and the generation of T effector responses, the development of protective immunity against pathogens, and the coordination of immunometabolic signals. A plethora of studies propose that both impaired and overactive autophagic processes contribute to the pathogenesis of human disorders, including infections, cancer, atherosclerosis, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. Autophagy has been also implicated in the development and progression of allergen-driven airway inflammation and remodeling. Here, we provide an overview of recent studies pertinent to the biology of autophagy and molecular pathways controlling its activation, we discuss autophagy-mediated beneficial and detrimental effects in animal models of allergic diseases and illuminate new advances on the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of human asthma. We conclude contemplating the potential of targeting autophagy as a novel therapeutic approach for the management of allergic responses and linked asthmatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Theofani
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11547 Athens, Greece;
- 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, “Sotiria” Regional Chest Diseases Hospital, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11547 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgina Xanthou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11547 Athens, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-65-97-336
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30
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Kim S, Song HS, Yu J, Kim YM. MiT Family Transcriptional Factors in Immune Cell Functions. Mol Cells 2021; 44:342-355. [PMID: 33972476 PMCID: PMC8175148 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor family (MiT family) proteins are evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that perform many essential biological functions. In mammals, the MiT family consists of MITF (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor or melanocyte-inducing transcription factor), TFEB (transcription factor EB), TFE3 (transcription factor E3), and TFEC (transcription factor EC). These transcriptional factors belong to the basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) transcription factor family and bind the E-box DNA motifs in the promoter regions of target genes to enhance transcription. The best studied functions of MiT proteins include lysosome biogenesis and autophagy induction. In addition, they modulate cellular metabolism, mitochondria dynamics, and various stress responses. The control of nuclear localization via phosphorylation and dephosphorylation serves as the primary regulatory mechanism for MiT family proteins, and several kinases and phosphatases have been identified to directly determine the transcriptional activities of MiT proteins. In different immune cell types, each MiT family member is shown to play distinct or redundant roles and we expect that there is far more to learn about their functions and regulatory mechanisms in host defense and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongryong Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sup Song
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jihyun Yu
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - You-Me Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- The Center for Epidemic Preparedness, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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31
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Guo Y, Proaño-Pérez E, Muñoz-Cano R, Martin M. Anaphylaxis: Focus on Transcription Factor Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094935. [PMID: 34066544 PMCID: PMC8124588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction, rapid in onset, and can lead to fatal consequences if not promptly treated. The incidence of anaphylaxis has risen at an alarming rate in past decades and continues to rise. Therefore, there is a general interest in understanding the molecular mechanism that leads to an exacerbated response. The main effector cells are mast cells, commonly triggered by stimuli that involve the IgE-dependent or IgE-independent pathway. These signaling pathways converge in the release of proinflammatory mediators, such as histamine, tryptases, prostaglandins, etc., in minutes. The action and cell targets of these proinflammatory mediators are linked to the pathophysiologic consequences observed in this severe allergic reaction. While many molecules are involved in cellular regulation, the expression and regulation of transcription factors involved in the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators and secretory granule homeostasis are of special interest, due to their ability to control gene expression and change phenotype, and they may be key in the severity of the entire reaction. In this review, we will describe our current understanding of the pathophysiology of human anaphylaxis, focusing on the transcription factors' contributions to this systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Host mutation in transcription factor expression, or deregulation of their activity in an anaphylaxis context, will be updated. So far, the risk of anaphylaxis is unpredictable thus, increasing our knowledge of the molecular mechanism that leads and regulates mast cell activity will enable us to improve our understanding of how anaphylaxis can be prevented or treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Guo
- Biochemistry Unit, Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.); (E.P.-P.)
- Clinical and Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy (IRCE), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Elizabeth Proaño-Pérez
- Biochemistry Unit, Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.); (E.P.-P.)
- Clinical and Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy (IRCE), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rosa Muñoz-Cano
- Clinical and Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy (IRCE), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Allergy Section, Pneumology Department, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- ARADyAL (Asthma, Drug Adverse Reactions and Allergy) Research Network, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Martin
- Biochemistry Unit, Biomedicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.G.); (E.P.-P.)
- Clinical and Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy (IRCE), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- ARADyAL (Asthma, Drug Adverse Reactions and Allergy) Research Network, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-4024541; Fax: +34-93-4035882
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32
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Merritt N, Garcia K, Rajendran D, Lin ZY, Zhang X, Mitchell KA, Borcherding N, Fullenkamp C, Chimenti MS, Gingras AC, Harvey KF, Tanas MR. TAZ-CAMTA1 and YAP-TFE3 alter the TAZ/YAP transcriptome by recruiting the ATAC histone acetyltransferase complex. eLife 2021; 10:62857. [PMID: 33913810 PMCID: PMC8143797 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a vascular sarcoma that metastasizes early in its clinical course and lacks an effective medical therapy. The TAZ-CAMTA1 and YAP-TFE3 fusion proteins are chimeric transcription factors and initiating oncogenic drivers of EHE. A combined proteomic/genetic screen in human cell lines identified YEATS2 and ZZZ3, components of the Ada2a-containing histone acetyltransferase (ATAC) complex, as key interactors of both fusion proteins despite the dissimilarity of the C terminal fusion partners CAMTA1 and TFE3. Integrative next-generation sequencing approaches in human and murine cell lines showed that the fusion proteins drive a unique transcriptome by simultaneously hyperactivating a TEAD-based transcriptional program and modulating the chromatin environment via interaction with the ATAC complex. Interaction of the ATAC complex with both fusion proteins indicates that it is a key oncogenic driver and unifying enzymatic therapeutic target for this sarcoma. This study presents an approach to mechanistically dissect how chimeric transcription factors drive the formation of human cancers. The proliferation of human cells is tightly regulated to ensure that enough cells are made to build and repair organs and tissues, while at the same time stopping cells from dividing uncontrollably and damaging the body. To get the right balance, cells rely on physical and chemical cues from their environment that trigger the biochemical signals that regulate two proteins called TAZ and YAP. These proteins control gene activity by regulating the rate at which genes are copied to produce proteins. If this process becomes dysregulated, cells can grow uncontrollably, causing cancer. In cancer cells, it is common to find TAZ and YAP fused to other proteins. In epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a rare cancer that grows in the blood vessels, cancerous growth can be driven by a version of TAZ fused to the protein CAMTA1, or a version of YAP fused to the protein TFE3. While the role of TAZ and YAP in promoting gene activity is known, it is unclear how CAMTA1 and TFE3 contribute to cell growth becoming dysregulated. Merritt, Garcia et al. studied sarcoma cell lines to show that these two fusion proteins, TAZ-CAMTA1 and YAP-TFE3, change the pattern of gene activity seen in the cells compared to TAZ or YAP alone. An analysis of molecules that interact with the two fusion proteins identified a complex called ATAC as the cause of these changes. This complex adds chemical markers to DNA-packaging proteins, which control which genes are available for activation. The fusion proteins combine the ability of TAZ and YAP to control gene activity and the ability of CAMTA1 and TFE3 to make DNA more accessible, allowing the fusion proteins to drive uncontrolled cancerous growth. Similar TAZ and YAP fusion proteins have been found in other cancers, which can activate genes and potentially alter DNA packaging. Targeting drug development efforts at the proteins that complex with TAZ and YAP fusion proteins may lead to new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Merritt
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Keith Garcia
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Dushyandi Rajendran
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, United States
| | - Zhen-Yuan Lin
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, United States
| | | | - Katrina A Mitchell
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, United States
| | | | - Michael S Chimenti
- Iowa Institute of Human Genetics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, United States
| | - Kieran F Harvey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Munir R Tanas
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States.,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, United States
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33
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Sommer F, Torraca V, Xie Y, In 't Veld AE, Willemse J, Meijer AH. Disruption of Cxcr3 chemotactic signaling alters lysosomal function and renders macrophages more microbicidal. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109000. [PMID: 33852860 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotaxis and lysosomal function are closely intertwined processes essential for the inflammatory response and clearance of intracellular bacteria. We used the zebrafish model to examine the link between chemotactic signaling and lysosome physiology in macrophages during mycobacterial infection and wound-induced inflammation in vivo. Macrophages from zebrafish larvae carrying a mutation in a chemokine receptor of the Cxcr3 family display upregulated expression of vesicle trafficking and lysosomal genes and possess enlarged lysosomes that enhance intracellular bacterial clearance. This increased microbicidal capacity is phenocopied by inhibiting the lysosomal transcription factor EC, while its overexpression counteracts the protective effect of chemokine receptor mutation. Tracking macrophage migration in zebrafish revealed that lysosomes of chemokine receptor mutants accumulate in the front half of cells, preventing macrophage polarization during chemotaxis and reaching sites of inflammation. Our work shows that chemotactic signaling affects the bactericidal properties and localization during chemotaxis, key aspects of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Sommer
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Torraca
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Yufei Xie
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Joost Willemse
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie H Meijer
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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34
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Nedeva IR, Vitale M, Elson A, Hoyland JA, Bella J. Role of OSCAR Signaling in Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641162. [PMID: 33912557 PMCID: PMC8072347 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of mature bone-resorbing cells through osteoclastogenesis is required for the continuous remodeling and repair of bone tissue. In aging and disease this process may become aberrant, resulting in excessive bone degradation and fragility fractures. Interaction of receptor-activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) with its ligand RANKL activates the main signaling pathway for osteoclastogenesis. However, compelling evidence indicates that this pathway may not be sufficient for the production of mature osteoclast cells and that co-stimulatory signals may be required for both the expression of osteoclast-specific genes and the activation of osteoclasts. Osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), a regulator of osteoclast differentiation, provides one such co-stimulatory pathway. This review summarizes our present knowledge of osteoclastogenesis signaling and the role of OSCAR in the normal production of bone-resorbing cells and in bone disease. Understanding the signaling mechanism through this receptor and how it contributes to the production of mature osteoclasts may offer a more specific and targeted approach for pharmacological intervention against pathological bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva R Nedeva
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mattia Vitale
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ari Elson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jordi Bella
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Iakymenko OA, Delma KS, Jorda M, Kryvenko ON. Cathepsin K (Clone EPR19992) Demonstrates Uniformly Positive Immunoreactivity in Renal Oncocytoma, Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma, and Distal Tubules. Int J Surg Pathol 2021; 29:600-605. [PMID: 33764165 DOI: 10.1177/1066896921991588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Cathepsin K is overexpressed in several tumors associated with microphthalmia transcription factor (MiTF) family or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) upregulation. Among renal neoplasms, MiTF translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC), perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PEComa), and eosinophilic solid and cystic RCC have demonstrated Cathepsin K immunoreactivity. In this study, we demonstrate a uniform Cathepsin K expression in oncocytoma, chromophobe RCC (CHRCC), and distal tubules. Design. We stained 13 oncocytomas, 13 CHRCC, 14 clear cell RCC (CCRCC), 9 papillary RCC (PRCC), 9 PEComas, and 5 MiTF RCC. Additionally, we assessed immunoreactivity for Cathepsin K in non-neoplastic renal parenchyma. Immunolabeling was performed on regularly charged slides from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue with monoclonal anti-rabbit antibodies to human Cathepsin K (clone EPR19992, Abcam). Results. All oncocytomas demonstrated diffuse strong cytoplasmic immunolabeling. CHRCC demonstrated uniform less intense immunolabeling in all cases with membranous accentuation. The assessment of the non-neoplastic renal parenchyma in all cases showed strong cytoplasmic immunoreaction in distal tubules and proximal tubules stained faintly. Mesangial cells were not immunoreactive. All MiTF RCC and PEComas were immunoreactive for Cathepsin K, whereas CCRCC and PRCC were negative in all cases. Conclusions. In this study, we expand the spectrum of renal neoplasms reactive with a particular clone of Cathepsin K (EPR19992). Distal tubules are strongly immunoreactive for Cathepsin K. Our conclusions need to be taken into consideration when differential diagnosis includes MiTF RCC or PEComa and this Cathepsin K clone is included in the immunohistochemical panel. This newer antibody clone was not tested in prior publications, potentially explaining the difference in conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katiana S Delma
- 12235University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Merce Jorda
- 12235University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 12235University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Oleksandr N Kryvenko
- 12235University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, 12235University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Martina JA, Guerrero‐Gómez D, Gómez‐Orte E, Antonio Bárcena J, Cabello J, Miranda‐Vizuete A, Puertollano R. A conserved cysteine-based redox mechanism sustains TFEB/HLH-30 activity under persistent stress. EMBO J 2021; 40:e105793. [PMID: 33314217 PMCID: PMC7849306 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian TFEB and TFE3, as well as their ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans HLH-30, play an important role in mediating cellular response to a variety of stress conditions, including nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress, and pathogen infection. In this study, we identify a novel mechanism of TFEB/HLH-30 regulation through a cysteine-mediated redox switch. Under stress conditions, TFEB-C212 undergoes oxidation, allowing the formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds that result in TFEB oligomerization. TFEB oligomers display increased resistance to mTORC1-mediated inactivation and are more stable under prolonged stress conditions. Mutation of the only cysteine residue present in HLH-30 (C284) significantly reduced its activity, resulting in developmental defects and increased pathogen susceptibility in worms. Therefore, cysteine oxidation represents a new type of TFEB post-translational modification that functions as a molecular switch to link changes in redox balance with expression of TFEB/HLH-30 target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Martina
- Cell and Developmental Biology CenterNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
| | - David Guerrero‐Gómez
- Redox Homeostasis GroupInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS)Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de SevillaSevilleSpain
| | - Eva Gómez‐Orte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja (CIBIR)LogroñoSpain
| | - José Antonio Bárcena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Córdoba and Córdoba Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC)CórdobaSpain
| | - Juan Cabello
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja (CIBIR)LogroñoSpain
| | - Antonio Miranda‐Vizuete
- Redox Homeostasis GroupInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS)Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de SevillaSevilleSpain
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology CenterNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA
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Oppezzo A, Rosselli F. The underestimated role of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF) in normal and pathological haematopoiesis. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:18. [PMID: 33441180 PMCID: PMC7805242 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoiesis, the process by which a restrained population of stem cells terminally differentiates into specific types of blood cells, depends on the tightly regulated temporospatial activity of several transcription factors (TFs). The deregulation of their activity or expression is a main cause of pathological haematopoiesis, leading to bone marrow failure (BMF), anaemia and leukaemia. TFs can be induced and/or activated by different stimuli, to which they respond by regulating the expression of genes and gene networks. Most TFs are highly pleiotropic; i.e., they are capable of influencing two or more apparently unrelated phenotypic traits, and the action of a single TF in a specific setting often depends on its interaction with other TFs and signalling pathway components. The microphthalmia-associated TF (MiTF) is a prototype TF in multiple situations. MiTF has been described extensively as a key regulator of melanocyte and melanoma development because it acts mainly as an oncogene. Mitf-mutated mice show a plethora of pleiotropic phenotypes, such as microphthalmia, deafness, abnormal pigmentation, retinal degeneration, reduced mast cell numbers and osteopetrosis, revealing a greater requirement for MiTF activity in cells and tissue. A growing amount of evidence has led to the delineation of key roles for MiTF in haematopoiesis and/or in cells of haematopoietic origin, including haematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, NK cells, basophiles, B cells and osteoclasts. This review summarizes several roles of MiTF in cells of the haematopoietic system and how MiTFs can impact BM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Oppezzo
- CNRS UMR9019, Équipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris Saclay - Paris Sud, Orsay, France.
| | - Filippo Rosselli
- CNRS UMR9019, Équipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94805, Villejuif, France. .,Université Paris Saclay - Paris Sud, Orsay, France.
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Lu H, Sun J, Hamblin MH, Chen YE, Fan Y. Transcription factor EB regulates cardiovascular homeostasis. EBioMedicine 2021; 63:103207. [PMID: 33418500 PMCID: PMC7804971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and a major cause of disability globally. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), as a member of the microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) family, has been demonstrated to be a master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. Emerging studies suggest that TFEB regulates homeostasis in the cardiovascular system and shows beneficial effects on CVDs, including atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm, postischemic angiogenesis, and cardiotoxicity, constituting a promising molecular target for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Post-translational modifications regulate TFEB nuclear translocation and its transcriptional activity. Therapeutic strategies have been pursued to enhance TFEB activity and facilitate TFEB beneficial effects on CVDs. The elucidation of TFEB function and the precise underlying mechanisms will accelerate drug development and potential applications of TFEB drugs in the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Lu
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jinjian Sun
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Milton H Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yanbo Fan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
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Harding P, Cunha DL, Moosajee M. Animal and cellular models of microphthalmia. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN RARE DISEASE 2021; 2:2633004021997447. [PMID: 37181112 PMCID: PMC10032472 DOI: 10.1177/2633004021997447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Microphthalmia is a rare developmental eye disorder affecting 1 in 7000 births. It is defined as a small (axial length ⩾2 standard deviations below the age-adjusted mean) underdeveloped eye, caused by disruption of ocular development through genetic or environmental factors in the first trimester of pregnancy. Clinical phenotypic heterogeneity exists amongst patients with varying levels of severity, and associated ocular and systemic features. Up to 11% of blind children are reported to have microphthalmia, yet currently no treatments are available. By identifying the aetiology of microphthalmia and understanding how the mechanisms of eye development are disrupted, we can gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis. Animal models, mainly mouse, zebrafish and Xenopus, have provided extensive information on the genetic regulation of oculogenesis, and how perturbation of these pathways leads to microphthalmia. However, differences exist between species, hence cellular models, such as patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) optic vesicles, are now being used to provide greater insights into the human disease process. Progress in 3D cellular modelling techniques has enhanced the ability of researchers to study interactions of different cell types during eye development. Through improved molecular knowledge of microphthalmia, preventative or postnatal therapies may be developed, together with establishing genotype-phenotype correlations in order to provide patients with the appropriate prognosis, multidisciplinary care and informed genetic counselling. This review summarises some key discoveries from animal and cellular models of microphthalmia and discusses how innovative new models can be used to further our understanding in the future. Plain language summary Animal and Cellular Models of the Eye Disorder, Microphthalmia (Small Eye) Microphthalmia, meaning a small, underdeveloped eye, is a rare disorder that children are born with. Genetic changes or variations in the environment during the first 3 months of pregnancy can disrupt early development of the eye, resulting in microphthalmia. Up to 11% of blind children have microphthalmia, yet currently no treatments are available. By understanding the genes necessary for eye development, we can determine how disruption by genetic changes or environmental factors can cause this condition. This helps us understand why microphthalmia occurs, and ensure patients are provided with the appropriate clinical care and genetic counselling advice. Additionally, by understanding the causes of microphthalmia, researchers can develop treatments to prevent or reduce the severity of this condition. Animal models, particularly mice, zebrafish and frogs, which can also develop small eyes due to the same genetic/environmental changes, have helped us understand the genes which are important for eye development and can cause birth eye defects when disrupted. Studying a patient's own cells grown in the laboratory can further help researchers understand how changes in genes affect their function. Both animal and cellular models can be used to develop and test new drugs, which could provide treatment options for patients living with microphthalmia. This review summarises the key discoveries from animal and cellular models of microphthalmia and discusses how innovative new models can be used to further our understanding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariya Moosajee
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath
Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust,
London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS
Foundation Trust, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
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Blood and lymphatic systems are segregated by the FLCN tumor suppressor. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6314. [PMID: 33298956 PMCID: PMC7725783 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood and lymphatic vessels structurally bear a strong resemblance but never share a lumen, thus maintaining their distinct functions. Although lymphatic vessels initially arise from embryonic veins, the molecular mechanism that maintains separation of these two systems has not been elucidated. Here, we show that genetic deficiency of Folliculin, a tumor suppressor, leads to misconnection of blood and lymphatic vessels in mice and humans. Absence of Folliculin results in the appearance of lymphatic-biased venous endothelial cells caused by ectopic expression of Prox1, a master transcription factor for lymphatic specification. Mechanistically, this phenotype is ascribed to nuclear translocation of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Transcription Factor E3 (TFE3), binding to a regulatory element of Prox1, thereby enhancing its venous expression. Overall, these data demonstrate that Folliculin acts as a gatekeeper that maintains separation of blood and lymphatic vessels by limiting the plasticity of committed endothelial cells. Blood and lymphatic vessels bear a strong resemblance but do not share a lumen, thus maintaining their distinct functions. Here, the authors describe that Folliculin, a tumor suppressor, prevents the fusion of these vessels during development by limiting the plasticity of venous and lymphatic endothelial cells.
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Markby GR, Sakamoto K. Transcription factor EB and TFE3: new metabolic coordinators mediating adaptive responses to exercise in skeletal muscle? Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E763-E768. [PMID: 32830550 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00339.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In response to the increased energy demands of contractions, skeletal muscle adapts remarkably well through acutely regulating metabolic pathways to maintain energy balance and in the longer term by regulating metabolic reprogramming, such as remodeling and expanding the mitochondrial network. This long-term adaptive response involves modulation of gene expression at least partly through the regulation of specific transcription factors and transcriptional coactivators. The AMPK-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) pathway has long been known to orchestrate contraction-mediated adaptive responses, although AMPK- and PGC1α-independent pathways have also been proposed. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) and TFE3, known as important regulators of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagic processes, have emerged as new metabolic coordinators. The activity of TFEB/TFE3 is regulated through posttranslational modifications (i.e., phosphorylation) and spatial organization. Under nutrient and energy stress, TFEB and TFE3 are dephosphorylated and translocate to the nucleus, where they activate transcription of their target genes. It has recently been reported that exercise promotes nuclear translocation and activation of TFEB/TFE3 in mouse skeletal muscle through the Ca2+-stimulated protein phosphatase calcineurin. Skeletal muscle-specific ablation of TFEB exhibits impaired glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial biogenesis with reduced metabolic flexibility during exercise, and global TFE3 depletion results in diminished endurance and abolished exercise-induced metabolic benefits. Transcriptomic analysis of the muscle-specific TFEB-null mice has demonstrated that TFEB regulates the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis. This review aims to summarize and discuss emerging roles for TFEB/TFE3 in metabolic and adaptive responses to exercise and contractile activity in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Robert Markby
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ballesteros-Álvarez J, Dilshat R, Fock V, Möller K, Karl L, Larue L, Ögmundsdóttir MH, Steingrímsson E. MITF and TFEB cross-regulation in melanoma cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238546. [PMID: 32881934 PMCID: PMC7470386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The MITF, TFEB, TFE3 and TFEC (MiT-TFE) proteins belong to the basic helix-loop-helix family of leucine zipper transcription factors. MITF is crucial for melanocyte development and differentiation, and has been termed a lineage-specific oncogene in melanoma. The three related proteins MITF, TFEB and TFE3 have been shown to be involved in the biogenesis and function of lysosomes and autophagosomes, regulating cellular clearance pathways. Here we investigated the cross-regulatory relationship of MITF and TFEB in melanoma cells. Like MITF, the TFEB and TFE3 genes are expressed in melanoma cells as well as in melanoma tumors, albeit at lower levels. We show that the MITF and TFEB proteins, but not TFE3, directly affect each other's mRNA and protein expression. In addition, the subcellular localization of MITF and TFEB is subject to regulation by the mTOR signaling pathway, which impacts their cross-regulatory relationship at the transcriptional level. Our work shows that the relationship between MITF and TFEB is multifaceted and that the cross-regulatory interactions of these factors need to be taken into account when considering pathways regulated by these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Ballesteros-Álvarez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ramile Dilshat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Valerie Fock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Katrín Möller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Ludwig Karl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Lionel Larue
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, Orsay, France
- Univ Paris-Sud, Univ Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer
| | | | - Eiríkur Steingrímsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- * E-mail:
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Sharma S, Mahajan A, Mittal A, Gohil R, Sachdeva S, Khan S, Dhillon M. Epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of osteoclastogenesis in the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases: A systematic review. Bone 2020; 138:115507. [PMID: 32610074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify epigenetic and transcriptional factors controlling osteoclastogenesis (OCG), that have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched up to 30th April 2020; references of included articles and pertinent review articles were also screened to identify eligible studies. Studies were included if they described epigenetic and/or transcriptional regulation of OCG in a specific skeletal disorder, and quantified alterations in OCG by any well-described experimental method. Risk of bias was assessed by a previously described modification of the CAMARADES tool. RESULTS The combined searches yielded 2265 records. Out of these, 24 studies investigating 12 different skeletal disorders were included in the review. Osteoporosis, followed by osteopetrosis, was the most commonly evaluated disorder. A total of 22 different epigenetic and transcriptional regulators of OCG were identified; key epigenetic regulators included DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation, miRNAs and lncRNAs. In majority of the disorders, dysregulated OCG was noted to occur at the stage of formation of committed osteoclast from preosteoclast. Dysregulation the stage of formation of the preosteoclast from late monocyte was noted in rheumatoid arthritis and fracture, whereas dysregulation at stage of formation of late monocyte from early monocyte was noted in osteopetrosis and spondyloarthritis. Quality assessment revealed a high risk of bias in domains pertaining to randomization, allocation concealment, blinding of outcome assessors and determination of sample size. CONCLUSIONS A variety of epigenetic and transcriptional factors can result in dysregulated osteoclastogenesis in different skeletal disorders. Dysregulation can occur at any stage; however, the formation of committed osteoclasts from preosteoclasts is the most common target. Although the published literature on this subject seems promising, the overall strength of evidence is limited by the small number of studies evaluating individual skeletal disorders, and also by deficiencies in key aspects of study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Sharma
- Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aditi Mahajan
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anupam Mittal
- Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India..
| | - Riddhi Gohil
- Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunny Sachdeva
- Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mandeep Dhillon
- Department of Orthopedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Jia R, Jiang L, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Guo X, Ji Y, Ni X, Yang X. Clinical features of 18 perivascular epithelioid cell tumor cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21659. [PMID: 32846779 PMCID: PMC7447485 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the biological behavior and clinical characteristics of perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa).Eighteen PEComa patients admitted to Zhongshan Hospital and the Central Hospital of Xuhui District in China from January 2006 to October 2018 were included. All patients were diagnosed based on pathological findings and treated with surgical resection or medication.Among the 18 patients, 1 underwent lymph node biopsy for multiple enlarged lymph nodes and 17 underwent mass resection. The median disease-free survival was 22 months after the first resection and over 12 months following a second resection. Treatment with mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors was effective for patients with unresectable or metastatic lesions. The median progression-free survival was approximately 13 months.Surgery is the predominant treatment approach for PEComa and patients can benefit from multiple operations. mTOR inhibitors are considered for patients with multiple lesions or intolerance to surgery. Anti-angiogenetic drugs can be selected when mTOR inhibitors fail to control the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfei Jia
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital of Xuhui District
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital of Xuhui District
| | | | | | | | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Ni
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Oncology, Central Hospital of Xuhui District
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Abstract
Transcription factor enhancer 3 (TFE3), on the short arm of chromosome Xp11.23 and its protein, belongs to the microphthalmia transcription family (MiTF) of transcription factors. It shares close homology with another member of the family, MiTF which is involved in melanocyte development. When a cell is stressed and/or starved, TFE3 protein translocates into the nucleus. TFE3 gene fusions with multiple different partner genes occur in several tumours with resultant nuclear expression of TFE3 protein. The main tumours associated with TFE3 gene fusions are: renal cell carcinoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, a subset of epithelioid haemangioendotheliomas (EHE), some perivascular epithelioid cell tumours and rare examples of ossifying fibromyxoid tumour and malignant chondroid syringoma. TFE3 immunohistochemistry is of use in routine diagnostic practice with the aforementioned tumours harbouring TFE3 fusions leading to nuclear staining. In addition, there are tumours lacking TFE3 fusions but also display TFE3 nuclear immunolabeling, and these include: granular cell tumour, solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas and ovarian sclerosing stromal tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Pinto
- Pathology, Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Shuwaikh, Kuwait
| | - Runjan Chetty
- Department of Histopathology, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
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The Diagnostic and Clinical Significance of TFE3 Immunohistochemical Nuclear Expression in Solitary Fibrous Tumour. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:8232803. [PMID: 32566457 PMCID: PMC7275214 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8232803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of TFE3 (transcription factor E3) in solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) and their histologic mimickers was investigated, and the diagnostic value and clinical significance of TFE3 nuclear expression in SFTs were explored. Immunohistochemical analysis for TFE3 was performed on 50 cases of SFTs that were surgically resected. The controls were sample tissues from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, synovial sarcoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, spindle cell lipoma, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. The survival of patients with TFE3-positive and TFE3-negative expressions was assessed through the Kaplan-Meier analysis. In 44 of 50 (88%) SFTs, nuclear immunoreactivity for TFE3 was detected. The TFE3 expression was negative in all samples of synovial sarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and spindle cell lipoma and weakly positive in 2 of 10 cases of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed that the expression of the TFE3 protein is not caused by gene translocation. There was no statistical significance between the association of the TFE3 expression and SFT patient prognosis. Therefore, TFE3 is capable of enhancing the differential diagnosis of SFTs and their histologic mimickers and can be potentially used as a diagnostic marker. The findings also offer valuable insights into SFT diagnosis, aetiology, and associated molecular mechanisms.
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Ma X, Li H, Chen Y, Yang J, Chen H, Arnheiter H, Hou L. The transcription factor MITF in RPE function and dysfunction. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 73:100766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Wang YT, Chen J, Li X, Umetani M, Chen Y, Li PL, Zhang Y. Contribution of transcription factor EB to adipoRon-induced inhibition of arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C1034-C1047. [PMID: 31483704 PMCID: PMC6879882 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00294.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) dedifferentiation with increased proliferation and migration during pathological vascular remodeling is associated with vascular disorders, such as atherosclerosis and in-stent restenosis. AdipoRon, a selective agonist of adiponectin receptor, has been shown to protect against vascular remodeling by preventing SMC dedifferentiation. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate adipoRon-induced SMC differentiation are not well understood. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagy, in mediating adipoRon's effect on SMCs. In cultured arterial SMCs, adipoRon dose-dependently increased TFEB activation, which is accompanied by upregulated transcription of genes involved in autophagy pathway and enhanced autophagic flux. In parallel, adipoRon suppressed serum-induced cell proliferation and caused cell cycle arrest. Moreover, adipoRon inhibited SMC migration as characterized by wound-healing retardation, F-actin reorganization, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 downregulation. These inhibitory effects of adipoRon on proliferation and migration were attenuated by TFEB gene silencing. Mechanistically, activation of TFEB by adipoRon is dependent on intracellular calcium, but it is not associated with changes in AMPK, ERK1/2, Akt, or molecular target of rapamycin complex 1 activation. Using ex vivo aortic explants, we demonstrated that adipoRon inhibited sprouts that had outgrown from aortic rings, whereas lentiviral TFEB shRNA transduction significantly reversed this effect of adipoRon on aortic rings. Taken together, our results indicate that adipoRon activates TFEB signaling that helps maintain the quiescent and differentiated status of arterial SMCs, preventing abnormal SMC dedifferentiation. This study provides novel mechanistic insights into understanding the therapeutic effects of adipoRon on TFEB signaling and pathological vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ting Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Jiajie Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Michihisa Umetani
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Wang YT, Li X, Chen J, McConnell BK, Chen L, Li PL, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Activation of TFEB ameliorates dedifferentiation of arterial smooth muscle cells and neointima formation in mice with high-fat diet. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:676. [PMID: 31515484 PMCID: PMC6742653 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is recently implicated in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of autophagy signaling pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms and functional roles of TFEB in SMC homeostasis have not been elucidated. Here, we surveyed the ability of TFEB to regulate autophagy pathway in SMCs, and whether pharmacological activation of TFEB favors SMC homeostasis preventing dedifferentiation and pathogenic vascular remodeling. In primary cultured SMCs, TFEB activator trehalose induced nuclear translocation of TFEB and upregulation of TFEB-controlled autophagy genes leading to enhanced autophagy signaling. Moreover, trehalose suppressed serum-induced SMC dedifferentiation to synthetic phenotypes as characterized by inhibited proliferation and migration. These effects of trehalose were mimicked by ectopic upregulation of TFEB and inhibited by TFEB gene silencing. In animal experiments, partial ligation of carotid arteries induced downregulation of TFEB pathway in the media layer of these arteries. Such TFEB suppression was correlated with increased SMC dedifferentiation and aggravated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced neointima formation. Treatment of mice with trehalose reversed this TFEB pathway suppression, and prevented SMC dedifferentiation and HFD-induced neointima formation. In conclusion, our findings have identified TFEB as a novel positive regulator for autophagy pathway and cellular homeostasis in SMCs. Our data suggest that suppression of TFEB may be an initiating mechanism that promotes SMC dedifferentiation leading to accelerated neointima formation in vascular disorders associated with metabolic stress, whereas trehalose reverses these changes. These findings warrant further evaluation of trehalose in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ting Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiajie Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bradley K McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Di Malta C, Cinque L, Settembre C. Transcriptional Regulation of Autophagy: Mechanisms and Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:114. [PMID: 31312633 PMCID: PMC6614182 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macro (Autophagy) is a catabolic process that relies on the cooperative function of two organelles: the lysosome and the autophagosome. The recent discovery of a transcriptional gene network that co-regulates the biogenesis and function of these two organelles, and the identification of transcription factors, miRNAs and epigenetic regulators of autophagy, demonstrated that this catabolic process is controlled by both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. In this review article, we discuss the nuclear events that control autophagy, focusing particularly on the role of the MiT/TFE transcription factor family. In addition, we will discuss evidence suggesting that the transcriptional regulation of autophagy could be targeted for the treatment of human genetic diseases, such as lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Malta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Cinque
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Settembre
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Medical and Translational Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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