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Enevoldsen J, Brogård MB, Lade-Keller J, Christensen KB, Georgsen JB, Nielsen PS, Steiniche T. Digital quantification of PRAME for distinguishing melanoma from nevi compared to manual assessment. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155543. [PMID: 39154604 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
AIMS In this proof-of-concept study, we propose a new method for automated digital quantification of PRAME (PReferentially expressed Antigen of MElanoma) as a diagnostic aid to distinguish between benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. The proposed method utilizes immunohistochemical virtual double nuclear staining for PRAME and SOX10 to precisely identify the melanocytic cells of interest, which is combined with digital image analyse to quantify a PRAME-index. METHODS Our study included 10 compound nevi, 3 halo nevi, and 10 melanomas. Tissue slides were stained with PRAME, scanned, the cover glass removed, stained with SOX10, scanned again, and finally analysed digitally. The digitally quantified PRAME-index was compared with a manual qualitative assessment by a dermatopathologist using the standard PRAME-scoring system. RESULTS The digitally quantified PRAME-index showed a sensitivity of 70 % and a specificity of 100 % for separating melanomas from benign lesions. The manual qualitative PRAME-score showed a sensitivity of 60 % and a specificity of 100 %. Comparing the two methods using ROC-analyses, our digital quantitative method (AUC: 0.931, 95 % CI: 0.834;1.00, SD: 0.050) remains on par with the manual qualitative method (AUC: 0.877, 95 % CI: 0.725;1.00, SD: 0.078). CONCLUSION We found our novel digital quantitative method was at least as precise at classifying lesions as benign or malignant as the current manual qualitative assessment. Our method has the advantages of being operator-independent, objective, and replicable. Furthermore, our method can easily be implemented in an already digitalized pathology department. Given the small cohort size, more studies are to be done to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Enevoldsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | - Mette Bak Brogård
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 35, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark.
| | - Johanne Lade-Keller
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 35, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Ladegårdsgade 3, Aarhus N 9000, Denmark
| | - Kristina Bang Christensen
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 35, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | - Jeanette Bæhr Georgsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 35, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | - Patricia Switten Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 35, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
| | - Torben Steiniche
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 35, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark
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Deng K, Liang L, Yang Y, Wu Y, Li Y, Zhang R, Tian Y, Lu C. The Wdr5-H3K4me3 Epigenetic Axis Regulates Pancreatic Tumor Immunogenicity and Immune Suppression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8773. [PMID: 39201460 PMCID: PMC11354242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The WDR5/MLL1-H3K4me3 epigenetic axis is often activated in both tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells to drive various cellular responses in the tumor microenvironment and has been extensively studied in hematopoietic cancer, but its respective functions in tumor cells and immune cells in the context of tumor growth regulation of solid tumor is still incompletely understood. We report here that WDR5 exhibits a higher expression level in human pancreatic tumor tissues compared with adjacent normal pancreas. Moreover, WDR5 expression is negatively correlated with patients' response to chemotherapy or immunotherapy in human colon cancer and melanoma. However, WDR5 expression is positively correlated with the HLA level in human cancer cells, and H3K4me3 enrichment is observed at the promoter region of the HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C genes in pancreatic cancer cells. Using mouse tumor cell lines and in vivo tumor models, we determined that WDR5 deficiency or inhibition significantly represses MHC I expression in vitro and in vivo in pancreatic tumor cells. Mechanistically, we determine that WDR5 deficiency inhibits H3K4me3 deposition at the MHC I (H2K) promoter region to repress MHC I (H2K) transcription. On the other hand, WDR5 depletion leads to the effective downregulation of immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive cytokines, including TGFβ and IL6, in the pancreatic tumor microenvironments. Our data determine that WDR5 not only regulates tumor cell immunogenicity to suppress tumor growth but also activates immune suppressive pathways to promote tumor immune evasion. Selective activation of the WDR5-MHC I pathway and/or selective inhibition of the WDR5-immune checkpoint and WDR5-cytokine pathways should be considered in WDR5-based epigenetic cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (K.D.); (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Liyan Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (K.D.); (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingcui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (K.D.); (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanmin Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (K.D.); (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (K.D.); (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (R.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yulin Tian
- Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (R.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Chunwan Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (K.D.); (L.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
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Almatrafi AM, Alamery S, Almutairi MH. Expression pattern analysis of the MAGE family genes in breast cancer patients and hypomethylation activation in the MCF-7 cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34506. [PMID: 39082035 PMCID: PMC11284374 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) families are cancer-testis genes that normally show expression in the testes. However, their expressions have been linked with various types of human cancers, including BC. Therefore, the primary purposes of the present research were to assess the expression of MAGE-A, -B, and -C genes in Saudi female patients with BC and determine their regulation via the epigenetic mechanism. Ten BC samples were analyzed for the expression levels of nine MAGE-A genes, six MAGE-B genes, and three MAGE-C genes using the RT-PCR technique. All 18 evaluated genes except for MAGE-A1, -A3, -A4, and -B5 showed weak band expressions in some BC specimens. MAGE-A6 and -B2 were expressed in 40 % of the BC tissue samples, and MAGE-A9, -A10, and -B6 were expressed in 30 %. The lowest expression levels were found for MAGE-A11, -B1, -B3, -B4, -C1, and -C2 in 10 % of the BC specimens and for MAGE-A9,--B2, and --C3 in 20 % of the samples. The most frequently expressed gene was MAGE-A8 (found in 70 % of the BC samples), which suggests that it may serve as - a marker for screening of BC. In vitro treatment, the 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine agent led to a significant rise in mRNA expressions for all tested genes related to the MAGE-A family, except for MAGE-A10. By contrast, among the genes in the MAGE-B and -C families, only MAGE-B1 and -C2 exhibited detectable mRNA expression levels after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad M. Almatrafi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Molnar C, Heinen JP, Reina J, Llamazares S, Palumbo E, Pollarolo G, Gonzalez C. TrxT and dhd are dispensable for Drosophila brain development but essential for l(3)mbt brain tumour growth. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2842-2860. [PMID: 38750349 PMCID: PMC11239866 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Expression of the Drosophila cancer-germline (CG), X-linked, head-to-head gene pair TrxT and dhd is normally germline-specific but becomes upregulated in brain tumours caused by mutation in l(3)mbt. Here, we show that TrxT and dhd play a major synergistic role in the emergence of l(3)mbt tumour-linked transcriptomic signatures and tumour development, which is remarkable, taking into account that these two genes are never expressed together under normal conditions. We also show that TrxT, but not dhd, is crucial for the growth of l(3)mbt allografts, hence suggesting that the initial stages of tumour development and long-term tumour growth may depend on different molecular pathways. In humans, head-to-head inverted gene pairs are abundant among CG genes that map to the X chromosome. Our results identify a first example of an X-linked, head-to-head CG gene pair in Drosophila, underpinning the potential of such CG genes, dispensable for normal development and homoeostasis of somatic tissue, as targets to curtail malignant growth with minimal impact on overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Molnar
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Peter Heinen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Reina
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salud Llamazares
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Palumbo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Pollarolo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- ISGlobal, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cayetano Gonzalez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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Malla R, Srilatha M, Muppala V, Farran B, Chauhan VS, Nagaraju GP. Neoantigens and cancer-testis antigens as promising vaccine candidates for triple-negative breast cancer: Delivery strategies and clinical trials. J Control Release 2024; 370:707-720. [PMID: 38744346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is gaining prominence as a promising strategy for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Neoantigens (neoAgs) and cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are tumor-specific targets originating from somatic mutations and epigenetic changes in cancer cells. These antigens hold great promise for personalized cancer vaccines, as supported by preclinical and early clinical evidence in TNBC. This review delves into the potential of neoAgs and CTAs as vaccine candidates, emphasizing diverse strategies and delivery approaches. It also highlights the current status of vaccination modalities undergoing clinical trials in TNBC therapy. A comprehensive understanding of neoAgs, CTAs, vaccination strategies, and innovative delivery methods is crucial for optimizing neoAg-based immunotherapies in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mundla Srilatha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, AP, India
| | - Veda Muppala
- Department of Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Batoul Farran
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Virander Singh Chauhan
- Molecular Medicine Group, Molecular Medicines International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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Tabatabaei T, Rezvany MR, Ghasemi B, Vafaei F, Zadeh MK, Zaker F, Salmaninejad A. Effect of DNMT3A R882H Hot Spot Mutations on DDX43 Promoter Methylation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:9625043. [PMID: 38807916 PMCID: PMC11132831 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9625043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations have been observed in many hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Many of these alterations result from mutations in DNA methyl transferase (DNMT) enzymes, disabling them to methylate target genes in a proper way. In this case-control study, we investigated the association between R882H mutation in DNMT3A gene and DDX43 gene methylation in patients with AML. 47 AML patients and 6 controls were included in this study. After DNA extraction, amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR was used to evaluate R882H mutations in DNMT3A gene. The high-resolution melting (HRM) method was used to determine the methylation changes of the DDX43 gene promoter. R882H mutation was only found in 10.6% (5 out of 47) of AML patients. The frequency of DDX43 gene methylation was significantly higher in patients without R882H mutations compared to patients with R882H mutations (P < 0.05). The DNMT3A R882H mutation is typically present in a minority of AML patients. Nevertheless, this mutation is associated with a reduced frequency of methylation in the DDX43 promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahere Tabatabaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rezvany
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Ghasemi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzane Vafaei
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Kiani Zadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Zaker
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-Disciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zainodini N, Abolhasani M, Mohsenzadegan M, Farajollahi MM, Rismani E. Overexpression of Transmembrane Phosphatase with Tensin homology (TPTE) in prostate cancer is clinically significant, suggesting its potential as a valuable biomarker. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:165. [PMID: 38546751 PMCID: PMC10978697 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are a family of proteins typically expressed in male testicles but overexpressed in various cancer cell types. Transmembrane Phosphatase with Tensin homology (TPTE) is expressed only in the testis of healthy individuals and is a member of the family of CTAs. The current study, for the first time, examined the significance of TPTE expression in prostate cancer (PCa) tissues by generating a novel antibody marker targeting TPTE protein. METHODS Polyclonal antibodies were prepared for TPTE-p1 and TPTE-p2 peptides, which are derived from the extracellular domains of TPTE. Anti-TPTE-p2 antibody was then used to study the extent and pattern of TPTE expression in 102 PCa and 48 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue samples by immunohistochemistry. The viability of cancer cell lines (PC-3 and MCF-7 cells) was also evaluated in the presence of anti-TPTE-p2 antibody using the MTT test. RESULTS The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated a significant increase in cytoplasmic and membrane TPTE expression in the PCa samples compared to the BPH group (both P < 0.0001). Cytoplasmic TPTE expression was positively correlated with Gleason score and PSA levels (P = 0.03 and P = 0.001, respectively). Significant correlations were identified between the levels of PSA and perineural invasion and the membrane expression (P = 0.01, P = 0.04, respectively). Moreover, anti-TPTE-p2 antibody inhibited PC-3 and MCF-7 cells proliferation compared to the control group for 24 h (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) as well as for 48 h (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that increased TPTE expression is associated with progression of disease. The ability of anti-TPTE-p2 antibody to recognize and target the TPTE protein makes it a potential biomarker to assess and/or target the PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Zainodini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolhasani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad M Farajollahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Rismani
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Nie X, Gao L, Zheng M, Wang S, Wang C, Li X, Liu O, Gou R, Liu J, Lin B. ST14 interacts with TMEFF1 and is a predictor of poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:330. [PMID: 38468232 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
TMEFF1 is a new protein involved in the physiological functions of the central nervous system, and we previously reported TMEFF1 can promote ovarian cancer. ST14 was determined to be involved in the processes of epidermal differentiation, epithelial cell integrity, and vascular endothelial cell migration, etc. The relationship between ST14 and TMEFF1 in the ovary remains unknown. In this study, we detected the expression of ST14 and TMEFF1 in 130 different ovarian cancer tissues through immunohistochemistry. We determined ST14 and TMEFF1 were highly expressed in ovarian cancer, indicating a higher degree of tumor malignancy and a worse prognosis. Tissues significantly expressing ST14 also highly expressed TMEFF1, and the expression of the two proteins was positively correlated. Consistently, immunofluorescence double staining demonstrated the co-localization of ST14 and TMEFF1 in the same region, and immunoprecipitation confirmed the interaction between ST14 and TMEFF1. TMEFF1 expression was also reduced after knocking down ST14 through Western blot. MTT, wound healing and Transwell assays results determined that knockdown of ST14 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, but the inhibitory effect was restored after adding TMEFF1 exogenous protein. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways analysis showed that ST14 and its related genes were enriched in the processes of epithelial formation, intercellular adhesion, protein localization, and mitosis regulation. We also clarified the kinase, microRNA, and transcription factor target networks and the impact of genetic mutations on prognosis. Overall, high expression of ST14 and TMEFF1 in ovarian cancer predicts higher tumor malignancy and a worse prognosis. ST14 and TMEFF1 co-localize and interact with each other in ovarian cancer. ST14 can regulate TMEFF1 expression to promote proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. We speculate that the relationship between ST14 and TMEFF1 in ovarian cancer could become a potential target for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingling Gao
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingjun Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Central Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- West China Second University Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ouxuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Gou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Road, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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Bell D. Top IHC/ISH Hacks for and Molecular Surrogates of Poorly Differentiated Sinonasal Small Round Cell Tumors. Head Neck Pathol 2024; 18:2. [PMID: 38315310 PMCID: PMC10844182 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly differentiated sinonasal small round cell tumors (SRCTs) are rare and heterogeneous, posing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. METHODS Recent advances in molecular findings and diagnostic refinement have promoted better understanding and management of these tumors. RESULTS The newly defined and emerging sinonasal entities demonstrate diverse morphologies, specific genomic signatures, and clinical behavior from conventional counterparts. In this review of SRCTs, emphasis is placed on the diagnostic approach with the employment of a pertinent panel of immunohistochemistry studies and/or molecular tests, fine-tuned to the latest WHO 5 classification of sinonasal/paranasal tumors and personalized treatment. CONCLUSION Specifically, this review focuses on tumors with epithelial and neuroectodermal derivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bell
- Anatomic Pathology, Disease Team Alignment: Head and Neck, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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Cassalia F, Danese A, Tudurachi I, Federico S, Zambello A, Guidotti A, Franceschin L, Bolzon A, Naldi L, Belloni Fortina A. PRAME Updated: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Role in Skin Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1582. [PMID: 38338862 PMCID: PMC10855739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME), a member of the cancer/testis antigen family, is central to the field of skin cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. As a nuclear receptor and transcriptional regulator, PRAME plays a critical role in inhibiting retinoic acid signalling, which is essential for cell differentiation and proliferation. Its aberrant overexpression in various malignancies, particularly cutaneous melanoma, is associated with more aggressive tumour phenotypes, positioning PRAME as both a diagnostic and prognostic marker. In melanoma, PRAME is typically highly expressed, in contrast to its weak or absent expression in benign nevi, thereby improving the accuracy of differential diagnoses. The diagnostic value of PRAME extends to various lesions. It is significantly expressed in uveal melanoma, correlating to an increased risk of metastasis. In acral melanomas, especially those with histopathological ambiguity, PRAME helps to improve diagnostic accuracy. However, its expression in spitzoid and ungual melanocytic lesions is inconsistent and requires a comprehensive approach for an accurate assessment. In soft tissue sarcomas, PRAME may be particularly helpful in differentiating melanoma from clear cell sarcoma, an important distinction due to their similar histological appearance but different treatment approaches and prognosis, or in detecting dedifferentiated and undifferentiated melanomas. In non-melanoma skin cancers such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma, the variable expression of PRAME can lead to diagnostic complexity. Despite these challenges, the potential of PRAME as a therapeutic target in melanoma is significant. Emerging immunotherapies, including T-cell-based therapies and vaccines targeting PRAME, are being investigated to exploit its cancer-specific expression. Ongoing research into the molecular role and mechanism of action of PRAME in skin cancer continues to open new avenues in both diagnostics and therapeutics, with the potential to transform the management of melanoma and related skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortunato Cassalia
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (I.T.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (L.F.); (A.B.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Andrea Danese
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Integrated Medical and General Activity, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy;
| | - Ina Tudurachi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (I.T.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (L.F.); (A.B.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Serena Federico
- Dermatology Unit, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Anna Zambello
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (I.T.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (L.F.); (A.B.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Alessia Guidotti
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (I.T.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (L.F.); (A.B.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Ludovica Franceschin
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (I.T.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (L.F.); (A.B.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Anna Bolzon
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (I.T.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (L.F.); (A.B.); (A.B.F.)
| | - Luigi Naldi
- Department of Dermatology, Ospedale San Bortolo, 36100 Vicenza, Italy;
- Centro Studi Gruppo Italiano Studi Epidemiologici in Dermatologia (GISED), 24121 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Anna Belloni Fortina
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy; (I.T.); (A.Z.); (A.G.); (L.F.); (A.B.); (A.B.F.)
- Pediatric Dermatology Department of Women’s and Child’s Health (SDB), University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
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11
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Wang L, Liu H, Liu Y, Guo S, Yan Z, Chen G, Wu Q, Xu S, Zhou Q, Liu L, Peng M, Cheng X, Yan T. Potential markers of cancer stem-like cells in ESCC: a review of the current knowledge. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1324819. [PMID: 38239657 PMCID: PMC10795532 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1324819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the incidence and mortality rate of ESCC in our country are also higher than those in the rest of the world. Despite advances in the treatment department method, patient survival rates have not obviously improved, which often leads to treatment obstruction and cancer repeat. ESCC has special cells called cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) with self-renewal and differentiation ability, which reflect the development process and prognosis of cancer. In this review, we evaluated CSLCs, which are identified from the expression of cell surface markers in ESCC. By inciting EMTs to participate in tumor migration and invasion, stem cells promote tumor redifferentiation. Some factors can inhibit the migration and invasion of ESCC via the EMT-related pathway. We here summarize the research progress on the surface markers of CSLCs, EMT pathway, and the microenvironment in the process of tumor growth. Thus, these data may be more valuable for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiqian Liu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shixing Guo
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Centre, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenpeng Yan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Guohui Chen
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qinglu Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Songrui Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qichao Zhou
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Meilan Peng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaolong Cheng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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12
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Zeng X, Nong WX, Zou XQ, Li F, Ge YY, Zhang QM, Luo B, Huang W, Zou JX, Fan R, Xie XX. Prediction and identification of HLA-A*0201-restricted epitopes from cancer testis antigen CT23. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2293299. [PMID: 38100550 PMCID: PMC10730135 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2293299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-testis antigen CT23 is a class of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) characterized by restricted expression in male germ cells and a variety of tumor tissues. Numerous studies have shown that CT23 is closely related to tumor cell viability, proliferation, metastasis and invasion. CT23 is immunogenic and can cause specific immune response in tumor patients. Therefore, it is considered to be one of the best target antigens for designing therapeutic tumor vaccines and T-cell-mediated tumor immunotherapy. In this study, we initially obtained seven HLA-A*0201-restricted CT23 epitope candidate peptides through the T cell epitope prediction program. Subsequently, a T2 cell binding assay revealed the potential binding of all candidate peptides with HLA-A2 molecules. Notably, peptide P7 (ALLVLCYSI) exhibited the highest affinity, as evidenced by a fluorescence index (FI) of 2.19. Dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with CT23 candidate peptide can stimulate CD8+T cell activation and proliferation, and compared with other candidate peptides, candidate peptide P7 is superior. The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) stimulated by the peptide P7 had killing effect on tumor cells (HLA-A*0201+, CT23+), but no killing effect on tumor cells (HLA-A*0201-, CT23+). The CTLs induced by the peptide P7 also had a specific killing effect on T2 cells bearing the peptide P7. In summary, our findings suggest that the CT23 peptide P7 (ALLVLCYSI) can induce immune responses and holds potential for tumor-specific CTL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zeng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Xia Nong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Mei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Xia Zou
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Pre-Clinical Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xun Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
- Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Regional Diseases (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, P. R. China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment of Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, P. R. China
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13
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Lee ES, Suzuki Y, Tomioka H, Nakagami H, Sato Y. Development of a Novel and Simple Anti-Metastatic Cancer Treatment Targeting Vasohibin-2. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2023; 261:239-247. [PMID: 37704418 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2023.j076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Vasohibin-2 (VASH2), a homologue of vasohibin-1 (VASH1), is overexpressed in various cancer cells and promotes tumor progression. We therefore regard VASH2 as a molecular target for cancer treatment. Here we applied vaccine technology to develop a therapy against VASH2. We selected two amino acid sequences of VASH2 protein; the MTG and RRR peptides, which contain possible B cell epitopes. These sequences are identical between the human and murine VASH2 proteins and distinct from those of the VASH1 protein. We conjugated these peptides with the carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin, mixed with an adjuvant, and injected subcutaneously twice at a 2-week interval in mice. Both vaccines increased antibodies against the antigen peptide; however, only the MTG peptide vaccine increased antibodies that recognized the recombinant VASH2 protein. When Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells were subcutaneously inoculated, tumors isolated from mice immunized with the MTG peptide vaccine showed a significant decrease in the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. EMT is responsible for cancer cell invasion and metastasis. When the LLC cells were injected into the tail vein, the MTG peptide vaccine inhibited lung metastasis. Moreover, the MTG peptide vaccine inhibited the metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells to the liver in an orthotopic mouse model, and there was a significant inverse correlation between the ELISA titer and metastasis inhibition. Therefore, we propose that the MTG peptide vaccine is a novel anti-metastatic cancer treatment that targets VASH2 and can be applied even in the most malignant and highly metastatic pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seo Lee
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
| | - Yasuhiro Suzuki
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University
| | | | - Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasufumi Sato
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University
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14
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a tumor-associated antigen first identified in a melanoma patient and found to be expressed in most melanomas as well as in variable levels in other malignant neoplasms of epithelial, mesenchymal, or hematolymphoid lineage. Detection of PRAME expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue is possible by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with commercially available monoclonal antibodies. In situ and invasive melanoma frequently show a diffuse pattern of nuclear PRAME immunoreactivity which contrasts with the infrequent and typically nondiffuse staining seen in nevi. In many challenging melanocytic tumors, results of PRAME IHC and other ancillary tests correlate well, but not always: The tests are not interchangeable. Most metastatic melanomas are positive for PRAME, whereas nodal nevi are not. Numerous studies on PRAME IHC have become available in the past few years with results supporting the value of PRAME IHC as an ancillary tool in the evaluation of melanocytic lesions and providing insights into limitations in sensitivity and specificity as well as possible pitfalls that need to be kept in mind by practicing pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Lezcano
- Pathologist, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Achim A Jungbluth
- Pathologist, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Klaus J Busam
- Pathologist, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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15
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Schendel DJ. Evolution by innovation as a driving force to improve TCR-T therapies. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1216829. [PMID: 37810959 PMCID: PMC10552759 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1216829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapies continually evolve through science-based innovation. Specialized innovations for TCR-T therapies are described here that are embedded in an End-to-End Platform for TCR-T Therapy Development which aims to provide solutions for key unmet patient needs by addressing challenges of TCR-T therapy, including selection of target antigens and suitable T cell receptors, generation of TCR-T therapies that provide long term, durable efficacy and safety and development of efficient and scalable production of patient-specific (personalized) TCR-T therapy for solid tumors. Multiple, combinable, innovative technologies are used in a systematic and sequential manner in the development of TCR-T therapies. One group of technologies encompasses product enhancements that enable TCR-T therapies to be safer, more specific and more effective. The second group of technologies addresses development optimization that supports discovery and development processes for TCR-T therapies to be performed more quickly, with higher quality and greater efficiency. Each module incorporates innovations layered onto basic technologies common to the field of immunology. An active approach of "evolution by innovation" supports the overall goal to develop best-in-class TCR-T therapies for treatment of patients with solid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores J. Schendel
- Medigene Immunotherapies GmbH, Planegg, Germany
- Medigene AG, Planegg, Germany
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16
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Xiao C, Fan T, Zheng Y, Tian H, Deng Z, Liu J, Li C, He J. H3K4 trimethylation regulates cancer immunity: a promising therapeutic target in combination with immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e005693. [PMID: 37553181 PMCID: PMC10414074 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advances in cancer immunity regulation and immunotherapy, the effects of histone modifications on establishing antitumor immunological ability are constantly being uncovered. Developing combination therapies involving epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs) and immune checkpoint blockades or chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies are promising to improve the benefits of immunotherapy. Histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) is a pivotal epigenetic modification in cancer immunity regulation, deeply involved in modulating tumor immunogenicity, reshaping tumor immune microenvironment, and regulating immune cell functions. However, how to integrate these theoretical foundations to create novel H3K4 trimethylation-based therapeutic strategies and optimize available therapies remains uncertain. In this review, we delineate the mechanisms by which H3K4me3 and its modifiers regulate antitumor immunity, and explore the therapeutic potential of the H3K4me3-related agents combined with immunotherapies. Understanding the role of H3K4me3 in cancer immunity will be instrumental in developing novel epigenetic therapies and advancing immunotherapy-based combination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqin Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy - ranging from immune-checkpoint blockade therapy to adoptive cellular therapy and vaccines - have revolutionized cancer treatment paradigms, yet the variability in clinical responses to these agents has motivated intense interest in understanding how the T cell landscape evolves with respect to response to immune intervention. Over the past decade, the advent of multidimensional single-cell technologies has provided the unprecedented ability to dissect the constellation of cell states of lymphocytes within a tumour microenvironment. In particular, the rapidly expanding capacity to definitively link intratumoural phenotypes with the antigen specificity of T cells provided by T cell receptors (TCRs) has now made it possible to focus on investigating the properties of T cells with tumour-specific reactivity. Moreover, the assessment of TCR clonality has enabled a molecular approach to track the trajectories, clonal dynamics and phenotypic changes of antitumour T cells over the course of immunotherapeutic intervention. Here, we review the current knowledge on the cellular states and antigen specificities of antitumour T cells and examine how fine characterization of T cell dynamics in patients has provided meaningful insights into the mechanisms underlying effective cancer immunotherapy. We highlight those T cell subsets associated with productive T cell responses and discuss how diverse immunotherapies might leverage the pre-existing tumour-reactive T cell pool or instruct de novo generation of antitumour specificities. Future studies aimed at elucidating the factors associated with the elicitation of productive antitumour T cell immunity are anticipated to instruct the design of more efficacious treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Oliveira
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Xu Y, Xu X, Ni X, Pan J, Chen M, Lin Y, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Ge N, Song G, Zhang J. Gene-based cancer-testis antigens as prognostic indicators in hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13269. [PMID: 36950598 PMCID: PMC10025098 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) are reproductive tissue-restricted genes, frequently ectopic expressed in tumors. CTA genes associate with a poor prognosis in some solid tumors, due to their potential roles in the tumorigenesis and progression. However, whether CTAs relate with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, the prognostic signatures based on CTA genes were investigated and validated in three cohorts including Chinese HCC patients with hepatitis B virus infection (CHCC-HBV), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. Univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to screen prognostic genes and develop the prognostic gene signature. A prognosis model was established with six CTA genes (SSX1, CTCFL, OIP5, CEP55, NOL4, and TPPP2) in CHCC-HBV cohort, and further validated in the ICGC and TCGA cohorts. The CTA signature was an essential prognostic predictor independent of other clinical pathological factors. High-risk group exhibited up-regulated cell cycle-related and tumor-related pathways and more M0 macrophage, activated mast cell, activated memory CD4+ T cell, and memory B cell infiltration. Furthermore, CTA signature correlated with the sensitivity to multiple chemotherapy drugs. Our results highlighted that the CTA gene profiling was a prognostic assessment tool for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Xu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaomeng Pan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - MaoPei Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youpei Lin
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningling Ge
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohe Song
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Juan Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author.
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19
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Miao Y, Konno Y, Wang B, Zhu L, Zhai T, Ihira K, Kobayashi N, Watari H, Jin X, Yue J, Dong P, Fang M. Integrated multi-omics analyses and functional validation reveal TTK as a novel EMT activator for endometrial cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:151. [PMID: 36829176 PMCID: PMC9960418 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03998-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are often expressed in tumor and testicular tissues but not in other normal tissues. To date, there has been no comprehensive study of the expression and clinical significance of CTA genes associated with endometrial cancer (EC) development. Additionally, the clinical relevance, biological role, and molecular mechanisms of the CTA gene TTK protein kinase (TTK) in EC are yet to be fully understood. METHODS Using bioinformatics methods, we comprehensively investigated the genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic changes associated with aberrant TTK overexpression in EC samples from the TCGA database. We further investigated the mechanisms of the lower survival associated with TTK dysregulation using single-cell data of EC samples from the GEO database. Cell functional assays were used to confirm the biological roles of TTK in EC cells. RESULTS We identified 80 CTA genes that were more abundant in EC than in normal tissues, and high expression of TTK was significantly linked with lower survival in EC patients. Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed that TTK could accurately distinguish stage I EC tissues from benign endometrial samples, suggesting that TTK has the potential to be a biomarker for early EC detection. We found TTK overexpression was more prevalent in EC patients with high-grade, advanced tumors, serous carcinoma, and TP53 alterations. Furthermore, in EC tissue, TTK expression showed a strong positive correlation with EMT-related genes. With single-cell transcriptome data, we identified a proliferative cell subpopulation with high expression of TTK and known epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes and transcription factors. When proliferative cells were grouped according to TTK expression levels, the overexpressed genes in the TTKhigh group were shown to be functionally involved in the control of chemoresistance. Utilizing shRNA to repress TTK expression in EC cells resulted in substantial decreases in cell proliferation, invasion, EMT, and chemoresistance. Further research identified microRNA-21 (miR-21) as a key downstream regulator of TTK-induced EMT and chemoresistance. Finally, the TTK inhibitor AZ3146 was effective in reducing EC cell growth and invasion and enhancing the apoptosis of EC cells generated by paclitaxel. CONCLUSION Our findings establish the clinical significance of TTK as a new biomarker for EC and an as-yet-unknown carcinogenic function. This present study proposes that the therapeutic targeting of TTK might provide a viable approach for the treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Miao
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China ,grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083 China
| | - Yosuke Konno
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Baojin Wang
- grid.412719.8Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Lin Zhu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083 China
| | - Tianyue Zhai
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Kei Ihira
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Noriko Kobayashi
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Hidemichi Watari
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638 Japan
| | - Xin Jin
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083 China
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA. .,Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Mingyan Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. .,BGI Research Asia-Pacific, BGI, Singapore, 138567, Singapore.
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20
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Harnessing epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to boost cancer immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:318-340. [PMID: 36823234 PMCID: PMC10066239 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-00980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is a powerful option for cancer treatment. Despite demonstrable progress, most patients fail to respond or achieve durable responses due to primary or acquired ICB resistance. Recently, tumor epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) was identified as a critical determinant in regulating immune escape and immunotherapy resistance in cancer. In this review, we summarize the emerging role of tumor EMP in ICB resistance and the tumor-intrinsic or extrinsic mechanisms by which tumors exploit EMP to achieve immunosuppression and immune escape. We discuss strategies to modulate tumor EMP to alleviate immune resistance and to enhance the efficiency of ICB therapy. Our discussion provides new prospects to enhance the ICB response for therapeutic gain in cancer patients.
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21
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Guzman G, Pellot K, Reed MR, Rodriguez A. CAR T-cells to treat brain tumors. Brain Res Bull 2023; 196:76-98. [PMID: 36841424 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous success using CAR T therapy in hematological malignancies has garnered significant interest in developing such treatments for solid tumors, including brain tumors. This success, however, has yet to be mirrored in solid organ neoplasms. CAR T function has shown limited efficacy against brain tumors due to several factors including the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, blood-brain barrier, and tumor-antigen heterogeneity. Despite these considerations, CAR T-cell therapy has the potential to be implemented as a treatment modality for brain tumors. Here, we review adult and pediatric brain tumors, including glioblastoma, diffuse midline gliomas, and medulloblastomas that continue to portend a grim prognosis. We describe insights gained from different preclinical models using CAR T therapy against various brain tumors and results gathered from ongoing clinical trials. Furthermore, we outline the challenges limiting CAR T therapy success against brain tumors and summarize advancements made to overcome these obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Guzman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | | | - Megan R Reed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Analiz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
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22
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de Joode K, Veenbergen S, Kransse C, Kortleve D, Debets R, Mathijssen RHJ, Joosse A, Schreurs MWJ, Van der Veldt AAM. Suitability of tumor-associated antibodies as predictive biomarker for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with melanoma: a short report. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-006467. [PMID: 36750254 PMCID: PMC9906380 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2019, Fässler et al showed in this journal that the presence of tumor-associated antibodies correlated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in patients with metastatic melanoma. The results of this study suggested that tumor-associated antibodies directed against melanocyte-differentiation antigens and the cancer-germline antigen NY-ESO-1 should be further investigated as candidate biomarkers for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The aim of the current study was to validate and extend these previous findings. Therefore, we examined the correlation between serum levels of tumor-associated antibodies and tumor response after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic melanoma.All patients included in this prospective study were diagnosed with advanced stage melanoma and treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab monotherapy. Blood samples were collected before and during treatment. Serum levels of tumor-associated antibodies against the melanocyte differentiation antigen Melan-A and the cancer germline antigens NY-ESO-1, MAGE-C2, MAGE-A6 and ROPN1B were measured at baseline and during treatment. Differences between responders and non-responders were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U-test, and differences between different overall survival categories with the Kruskal-Wallis test. P values ≤0.05 were considered significant.Serum samples of 58 patients with advanced melanoma with long-term follow-up (>3 years) were collected. In contrast to the findings of Fässler et al, for all antibodies tested, we found no significant differences between serum levels of responders and non-responders before or during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In addition, no significant differences were found in serum levels of tumor-associated antibodies for different overall survival groups.Although our study included a larger and more mature cohort of patients with longer follow-up, we could not externally validate the findings of Fässler et al In addition, we were not able to identify other cancer germline antigens as predictive biomarkers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients advanced melanoma. Based on the results of the present study, clinical applicability of tumor-associated antibodies directed against tumor antigens as predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced melanoma is not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn de Joode
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sharon Veenbergen
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Kransse
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dian Kortleve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reno Debets
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron H J Mathijssen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Joosse
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco W J Schreurs
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid A M Van der Veldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands .,Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Tumor antigens and vaccines in colorectal cancer. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2022.100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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24
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FMR1NB Involved in Glioma Tumorigenesis Is a Promising Target for Prognosis and Therapy. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:803-816. [PMID: 35819657 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Ma N, Liu H, Zhang Y, Liu W, Liang Z, Wang Q, Sun Y, Wang L, Li Y, Ren H, Dong Y. Identification of CD8+ T-cell epitope from multiple myeloma-specific antigen AKAP4. Front Immunol 2022; 13:927804. [PMID: 35967402 PMCID: PMC9366082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.927804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder affecting mainly the elderly population. Revolutionary progress in immunotherapy has been made recently, including monoclonal antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapies; however, the high relapse rate remains problematic. Therefore, combination therapies against different targets would be a reasonable strategy. In this study, we present a new X-chromosome encoded testis-cancer antigen (CTA) AKAP4 as a potential target for MM. AKAP4 is expressed in MM cell lines and MM primary malignant plasma cells. HLA-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with an adenovirus vector encoding the full-length AKAP4 gene were demonstrated to lyse AKAP4+ myeloma cells. Seven of the 12 candidate epitopes predicated by the BIMAS and SYFPEITH algorithms were able to bind HLA-A*0201 in the T2 binding assay, of which only two peptides were able to induce CTL cytotoxicity in the co-culture of peptide-loaded human mature dendritic cells and the autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the same HLA-A*0201 donor. The AKAP4 630–638 VLMLIQKLL was identified as the strongest CTL epitope by the human IFN-γ ELISPOT assay. Finally, the VLMLIQKLL-specific CTLs can lyse the HLA-A*0201+AKAP4+ myeloma cell line U266 in vitro, and inhibit tumor growth in the mice bearing U266 tumors in vivo. These results suggest that the VLMLIQKLL epitope could be used to develop cancer vaccine or T-cell receptor transgenic T cells (TCR-T) to kill myeloma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huihui Liu
- *Correspondence: Huihui Liu, ; Yujun Dong,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yujun Dong
- *Correspondence: Huihui Liu, ; Yujun Dong,
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26
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Gupta R, Jit BP, Kumar S, Mittan S, Tanwer P, Ray MD, Mathur S, Perumal V, Kumar L, Rath GK, Sharma A. Leveraging epigenetics to enhance the efficacy of cancer-testis antigen: a potential candidate for immunotherapy. Epigenomics 2022; 14:865-886. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy in women. The phenotype is characterized by delayed diagnosis, recurrence and drug resistance. Inherent immunogenicity potential, oncogenic function and expression of cancer-testis/germline antigen (CTA) in ovarian cancer render them a potential candidate for immunotherapy. Revolutionary clinical findings indicate that tumor antigen-mediated T-cell and dendritic cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches provide an excellent strategy for targeting tumors. Currently, dendritic cell vaccination for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma and CTA-based T-cell receptor transduced T-cell therapy involving MAGE-A4 and NY-ESO-1 are well documented and shown to be effective. This review highlighted the mechanical aspects of epigenetic drugs that can elicit a CTA-based humoral and cellular immune response and implicate T-cell and dendritic cell-based immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute – India, Jhajjar Campus, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Bimal Prasad Jit
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute – India, Jhajjar Campus, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute – India, Jhajjar Campus, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sandeep Mittan
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY 10467, USA
| | - Pranay Tanwer
- Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - M D Ray
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vanamail Perumal
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - G K Rath
- Department of Radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute – India, Jhajjar Campus, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
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27
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Ricci C, Dika E, Ambrosi F, Lambertini M, Veronesi G, Barbara C. Cutaneous Melanomas: A Single Center Experience on the Usage of Immunohistochemistry Applied for the Diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5911. [PMID: 35682589 PMCID: PMC9180684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (cM) is the deadliest of all primary skin cancers. Its prognosis is strongly influenced by the stage at diagnosis, with early stages having a good prognosis and being potentially treatable with surgery alone; advanced stages display a much worse prognosis, with a high rate of recurrence and metastasis. For this reason, the accurate and early diagnosis of cM is crucial-misdiagnosis may have extremely dangerous consequences for the patient and drastically reduce their chances of survival. Although the histological exam remains the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of cM, a continuously increasing number of immunohistochemical markers that could help in diagnosis, prognostic characterization, and appropriate therapeutical choices are identified every day, with some of them becoming part of routine practice. This review aims to discuss and summarize all the data related to the immunohistochemical analyses that are potentially useful for the diagnosis of cM, thus rendering it easier to appropriately applicate to routine practice. We will discuss these topics, as well as the role of these molecules in the biology of cM and potential impact on diagnosis and treatment, integrating the literature data with the experience of our surgical pathology department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (C.R.); (F.A.)
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Emi Dika
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Francesca Ambrosi
- Pathology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (C.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Martina Lambertini
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Corti Barbara
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico di Sant’Orsola, 40139 Bologna, Italy
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28
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Tu Z, Peng J, Long X, Li J, Wu L, Huang K, Zhu X. Sperm Autoantigenic Protein 17 Predicts the Prognosis and the Immunotherapy Response of Cancers: A Pan-Cancer Analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844736. [PMID: 35592314 PMCID: PMC9110779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sperm autoantigen protein 17 (SPA17) is a highly conserved mammalian protein that participates in the acrosome reaction during fertilization and is a recently reported member of the cancer-testicular antigen (CTA) family. It has been reported that the SPA17 expression is limited in adult somatic tissues and re-expressed in tumor tissues. Recently, studies have found that SPA17 regulates the progression of various cancers, but its role in cancer immunotherapy is not clear. Methods The pan-cancer and normal tissue transcriptional data were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) datasets. We explored the SPA17 pan-cancer genomic alteration analysis in the cBioPortal webtool. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and ComPPI websites were used to mine the SPA17 protein information. We performed a western blotting assay to validate the upregulated SPA17 expression in clinical glioblastoma (GBM) samples. The univariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier method were used to assess the prognostic role of SPA17 in pan-cancer. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to search the associated cancer hallmarks with SPA17 expression in each cancer type. TIMER2.0 was the main platform to investigate the immune cell infiltrations related to SPA17 in pan-cancer. The associations between SPA17 and immunotherapy biomarkers were performed by Spearman correlation analysis. The drug sensitivity information from the Connectivity Map (CMap) dataset was downloaded to perform SAP17-specific inhibitor sensitivity analysis. Findings SPA17 was aberrantly expressed in most cancer types and exhibited prognosis predictive ability in various cancers. In addition, our results also show that SPA17 was significantly correlated with immune-activated hallmarks (including pathways and biological processes), immune cell infiltrations, and immunoregulator expressions. The most exciting finding was that SPA17 could significantly predict anti-PDL1 and anti-PD1 therapy responses in cancer patients. Finally, specific inhibitors, like irinotecan and puromycin, which correlate with SPA17 expression in different cancer types, were also screened using Connectivity Map (CMap). Conclusions Our results reveal that SPA17 was abnormally expressed in cancer tissues, and this expression pattern could be associated with immune cell infiltrations in tumor microenvironments. Clinically, SPA17 not only acted as a potent prognostic factor to predict the clinical outcomes of cancer patients but was also a promising immunotherapy predictive biomarker for cancer patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewei Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Health Commission (JXHC) Key Laboratory of Neurological Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jie Peng
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Long
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao, China
| | - Jingying Li
- Department of Comprehensive Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Health Commission (JXHC) Key Laboratory of Neurological Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Health Commission (JXHC) Key Laboratory of Neurological Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Health Commission (JXHC) Key Laboratory of Neurological Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Cui J, Chen Y, Ou Y, Liu G, Wen Q, Zhu W, Liang L, Chen Z, Yang H, Wang L, Wei M. Cancer germline antigen gene MAGEB2 promotes cell invasion and correlates with immune microenvironment and immunotherapeutic efficiency in laryngeal cancer. Clin Immunol 2022; 240:109045. [PMID: 35618211 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
By multiple transcriptome datasets (TCGA, GSE59102, GSE25727, GSE27020 and GSE65858) and multi-omics (RNA-seq, SNP, CNV, DNA methylation) in-depth analysis, we found that cancer germline antigen (CGA) family/genes MAGEB2 is involved in the imitation, progression and prognosis in LC as well as correlated positively with lymphatic metastasis and negatively with DNA methylation. Then, in vitro experiment verified that MAGEB2 expression renders significant alteration in LC tissues and cells via immunohistochemical (IHC), qRT-PCR and western blot (WB), and up-regulation of MAGEB2 expression could facilitate the proliferation, migration and invasion of LC cells and vice versa. Subsequently, MAGEB2 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo animal experiment, while MAGEB2 overexpression promoted tumor growth and lung metastasis. Lastly, MAGEB2 is significantly associated with immune cell infiltration (CD8+ T cells particularly, IHC staining confirmed that as the protein expression of MAGEB2 increased, the protein level of CD8 (representing tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells) decreased in vitro), immunomodulators (knockdown or overexpression of MAGEB2 on LC cell lines can significantly affect the chemokine/cytokine secretion in vitro), and immunogenicity(TMB) in LC, which hints that MAGEB2 is tightly correlated with immune characteristics and might guide more effective immunotherapy strategies for LC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yangpeng Ou
- Department of Oncology, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou 516000, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Genglong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District), Foshan 528318, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Qingquan Wen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Weiyu Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Longfei Liang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First people's hospital of Shunde), Foshan 528308, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan Province, PR China.
| | - Minghui Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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Ricci C, Franceschini T, Giunchi F, Grillini M, Ambrosi F, Massari F, Mollica V, Colecchia M, Fiorentino M. Immunohistochemical Expression of Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) in the Uninvolved Background Testis, Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ, and Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis. Am J Clin Pathol 2022; 157:644-648. [PMID: 34864837 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) has a key role in regulating pluripotency of primordial germ cells and in the development of germ cell tumors of the testis (GCTT). However, its immunohistochemical expression in normal testes and its neoplastic counterpart remain largely unknown. METHODS We retrospectively investigated the expression of PRAME in 26 cases of GCTT, 21 cases of germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS), and 17 cases of uninvolved background testes. RESULTS We found that PRAME was expressed more strongly by seminomatous rather than nonseminomatous GCTT (P = .000) and by pure seminoma rather than the seminoma component of seminomatous/nonseminomatous GCTT (P = .025). In addition, GCNIS and uninvolved background testes displayed high levels of PRAME expression. CONCLUSIONS PRAME is an additional marker for the differential diagnosis of GCTT and could play a key role in the transition from seminomatous to nonseminomatous GCTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costantino Ricci
- Department of Pathology, Maggiore Hospital, AUSL-Bologna , Bologna , Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Tania Franceschini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Francesca Giunchi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Marco Grillini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Francesca Ambrosi
- Department of Pathology, Maggiore Hospital, AUSL-Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Francesco Massari
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Maurizio Colecchia
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milano , Italy
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Department of Pathology, Maggiore Hospital, AUSL-Bologna , Bologna , Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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Kortleve D, Coelho RM, Hammerl D, Debets R. Cancer germline antigens and tumor-agnostic CD8+ T cell evasion. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:391-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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32
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Liu K, Cheng L, Zhu K, Wang J, Shu Q. The cancer/testis antigen HORMAD1 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition to promote tumor growth and metastasis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:136. [PMID: 35347116 PMCID: PMC8960869 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00946-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The cancer/testis antigen HORMAD1 is a mechanical regulator that modulates DNA homologous recombination repair and mismatch repair in multiple cancers. However, the role and underlying regulatory mechanisms of HORMAD1 in lung cancer progression remain unknown. Here, we show that HORMAD1 is upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and that aberrant HORMAD1 expression predicts poor prognosis. We further demonstrate that HORMAD1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Subsequent mechanistic investigations revealed that HORMAD1 activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by increasing the phosphorylation level of AKT at Ser473 and that of GSK-3β at Ser9 in lung cancer cells, which decreases the phosphorylation level of β-catenin at Ser33/37/Thr41, enhances the cytoplasmic and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and its transcriptional activity, consequently promoting EMT and lung cancer growth and metastasis. Our results provide new insights into the functional role and regulatory mechanism of HORMAD1 in lung cancer progression and identify HORMAD1 as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinhu Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qiang Shu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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33
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Zhan CH, Ding DS, Zhang W, Wang HL, Mao ZY, Liu GJ. The cancer-testis antigen a-kinase anchor protein 3 facilitates breast cancer progression via activation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8478-8489. [PMID: 35322748 PMCID: PMC9161980 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The cancer-testis antigen A-kinase anchor protein 3 (AKAP3) has been shown to have a strong association with breast cancer (BC). However, its role in BC progression received scant attention. We aimed to explore the prognostic implication of aberrant AKAP3 expression for a better knowledge of BC progression and improved treatment. AKAP3 expression was quantitated using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell viability, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and expressions of PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling components were assessed in AKAP3-overexpressed or si-AKAP3-transfected BC cells. Finally, elevated AKAP3 expression was observed in BC versus paracancerous tissues. BC patients with high AKAP3 expression showed a worse prognosis than low expression patients (P < 0.0001). AKAP3 overexpressions fueled cell growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC1937 and MDA-MB-468 BC cell lines, alongside increased expressions of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling components and PTEN suppression. These effects were pronouncedly reversed, together with elevated apoptosis, in cells transfected with si-AKAP3. Therefore, AKAP3 is upregulated in BC and promotes BC cell growth, invasion, and migration via PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling activation. It may serve as a prognosis indicator for BC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hua Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Shen Ding
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, P.R. China
| | - Zhe-Yu Mao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, P.R. China.,Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Jun Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, P.R. China.,Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, P.R. China
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Cao X, Yao N, Zhao Z, Fu Y, Hu Y, Zhu P, Shi W, Tang L. LEM domain containing 1 promotes pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis by p53 and mTORC1 signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7771-7784. [PMID: 35286235 PMCID: PMC9208498 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2047404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a common type of malignancy originating from the epithelium of the pancreatic duct, with the most lethal feature and worst prognosis. LEM domain containing 1 (LEMD1) is overexpressed in multiple tumor tissues and plays a key role in cancer carcinogenesis and progression. However, little is known about the potential of LEMD1 in PC. In this study, we explored the clinical values, as well as the potential roles and mechanisms of LEMD1 in PC. We, for the first time, showed that LEMD1 was upregulated in PC and negatively correlated with the overall and disease-free survival of patients with PC. Of the function, LEMD1 knockdown inhibited cancer cell growth, migration and invasion, while LEMD1 overexpression promoted tumor aggressiveness. The tumor-promoting influences of LEMD1 in PC were also proved by in vivo assays. Mechanistically, GSEA identified that LEMD1 promoted PC aggressiveness, as well as affecting cell cycle dysregulation and apoptosis resistance, by p53 suppression and the activation of the mTORC1 signal pathway. In short, LEMD1 could serve as a valuable prognostic candidate and a potential therapeutic target of PC.Abbreviations: ATCC: American Type Culture Collection; CCK-8: Cell counting kit 8; CDK: Cyclin-dependent kinases; CTA: Cancer-testis antigen; DMEM: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium; ECL: enhanced chemiluminescence; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus; LEMD1: LEM domain containing 1; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; NC: Negative control; PC: Pancreatic cancer; PVDF: Polyvinylidene difluoride membranes; qRT-PCR: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; SDS-PAGE: Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; SD: Standard deviation; SKP2: S-Phase kinase-associated protein 2; TAA: Tumor-associated antigen; TBST: Tris-buffered Saline Tween-20; TCGA: The Cancer Genome Atlas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Yao
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zidan Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihai Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liming Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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35
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Marchais A, Marques Da Costa ME, Job B, Abbas R, Drubay D, Piperno-Neumann S, Fromigué O, Gomez-Brouchet A, Françoise R, Droit R, Lervat C, ENTZ-WERLE N, Pacquement H, Devoldere C, Cupissol D, Bodet D, GANDEMER V, Berger MG, Bérard PM, Jimenez M, Vassal G, Geoerger B, Brugieres L, Gaspar N. Immune infiltrate and tumor microenvironment transcriptional programs stratify pediatric osteosarcoma into prognostic groups at diagnosis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:974-985. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-4189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Araki Y. Embryos, cancers, and parasites: Potential applications to the study of reproductive biology in view of their similarity as biological phenomena. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12447. [PMID: 35386372 PMCID: PMC8967296 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At present, there are so many living things on the earth. Most of these organisms have a reproductive strategy called sexual reproduction. Among organisms that reproduce sexually, mammals have an extremely complex and seemingly unnatural method of reproduction, or viviparity. Methods As an approach to understanding the nature of viviparity, the author have tried to outline the common life phenomena of embryos, cancers, and parasites based on the literature to date, with internal parasites as the keyword. Main findings Embryo, cancer, and parasite are constituted as a systemic interaction with the host (mother). Based on these facts, the author proposed the hypothesis that in the case of mammals, "the fetus is essentially harmful to the mother", and that the parasitic fetus grows by skillfully evading the mother's foreign body exclusion mechanism. Conclusion Comparative studies of "embryos", "cancers", and "parasites" as foreign bodies have the potential to produce unexpected discoveries in their respective fields. It is important to consider the evolutionary time axis that the basic structure of our mammalian body arose over 200 million years from the Mesozoic Triassic, the period immediately after the Paleozoic Era, when life on Earth became massively extinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Araki
- Institute for Environmental & Gender‐specific MedicineJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineChibaJapan
- Department of Obstetrics & GynecologyJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Division of Microbiology and ImmunologyDepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyNihon University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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37
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Bui CM, Kitahara S, Shon W, Pukhalskaya T, Smoller BR. Lack of PRAME Expression in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 9:11-16. [PMID: 35076507 PMCID: PMC8788415 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are rare tumors with no established markers that can reliably distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer/testis antigen that is found in many solid and hematologic malignancies. PRAME overexpression typically portends a poor prognosis and lower chemotherapeutic response. To date, no studies have established a role for PRAME in CTCL. An analysis was performed on 47 cases definitively diagnosed as CTCL: 25 cases of mycosis fungoides, 2 of Sezary syndrome, 5 of CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder, 7 of primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, 3 of primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, 1 of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma, and 4 of angiocentric T-cell lymphoma. PRAME immunohistochemistry was completely negative in all cases. PRAME expression was not found in any CTCL subtypes, suggesting that the pathogenesis of CTCL is not mediated by PRAME. Further study is required to identify biomarkers that might aid in the diagnosis and prognostication of CTCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau M. Bui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.K.); (W.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-423-3426
| | - Sumire Kitahara
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.K.); (W.S.)
| | - Wonwoo Shon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.K.); (W.S.)
| | - Tatsiana Pukhalskaya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.P.); (B.R.S.)
| | - Bruce R. Smoller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.P.); (B.R.S.)
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38
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Raskin S, Van Pelt S, Toner K, Balakrishnan PB, Dave H, Bollard CM, Yvon E. Novel TCR-like CAR-T cells targeting an HLA∗0201-restricted SSX2 epitope display strong activity against acute myeloid leukemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 23:296-306. [PMID: 34729377 PMCID: PMC8526777 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The synovial sarcoma X breakpoint 2 (SSX2) belongs to a multigene family of cancer-testis antigens and can be found overexpressed in multiple malignancies. Its restricted expression in immune-privileged normal tissues suggest that SSX2 may be a relevant target antigen for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy. We have developed a T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody (Fab/3) that binds SSX2 peptide 41-49 (KASEKIFYV) in the context of HLA-A∗-0201. The sequence of Fab/3 was utilized to engineer a CAR with the CD3 zeta intra-cellular domain along with either a CD28 or 4-1BB costimulatory endodomain. Human T cells from HLA-A2+ donors were transduced to mediate anti-tumor activity against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tumor cells. Upon challenge with HLA-A2+/SSX2+ AML tumor cells, CAR-expressing T cells released interferon-γ and eliminated the tumor cells in a long-term co-culture assay. Using the HLA-A2+ T2 cell line, we demonstrated a strong specificity of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) for SSX2 p41-49 and the closely related SSX3 p41-49, with no response against the others SSX-homologous peptides or unrelated homologous peptides. Since SSX3 has not been observed in tumor cells and expression cannot be induced by pharmacological intervention, SSX241-49 represents an attractive target for CAR-based cellular therapy to treat multiple types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Raskin
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Stacey Van Pelt
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Keri Toner
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | | | - Hema Dave
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC 20010, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Eric Yvon
- The George Washington University Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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Liu B, Wang M, Dong J, Wang H, Tian Z. Evaluation of Critical Factors of Postoperative Arrhythmia and Preventive Measures of Deep Venous Thrombosis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6103092. [PMID: 34868315 PMCID: PMC8635950 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6103092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The study focused on the risk factors of postoperative arrhythmia and lung infection and the preventive effects of targeted low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with esophageal/cardia cancer. In this article, 82 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with esophageal/cardia cancer and underwent surgical treatment were selected as the research subjects. According to the different preoperative treatment methods, the patients were divided into the control group (without anticoagulant drugs before the operation, 44 cases) and the anticoagulation group (anticoagulant drugs were administered before the operation, 38 cases), and they were compared for basic clinical indicators and disease history. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of adverse events, and the Wells and Autar scale scores were calculated. Different groups were compared for the operation time, blood loss, and postoperative drainage volume during the operation. D-dimer was detected on the first 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after the operation, and the lower extremity venous color Doppler ultrasound was performed on the 1st and 7th days after the operation. The results showed that age ≥65 years, abnormal preoperative ECG, preoperative coronary heart disease (CHD), preoperative chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), operative time ≥4 h, and preoperative blood sodium <4.04.0 mmol/L were all risk factors for postoperative arrhythmia. Age, preoperative diabetes mellitus, preoperative COPD, length of hospital stay, and FEV1 were all risk factors for postoperative lung infections. In the control group and anticoagulation group, 11 cases (13.41%) and 5 cases (16.10%) had lower extremity DVT, respectively. The incidence of lower extremity DVT was lower in the anticoagulation group than in the control group (P < 0.01). It suggested that age, preoperative disease history, hospital stay, and operation time were risk factors for postoperative adverse events in patients with esophageal/cardia cancer. The targeted anticoagulant LMWH has a significant preventive effect on the occurrence of lower extremity DVT in patients with esophageal/cardia cancer, providing an effective reference for the prognosis and prevention of esophageal/cardia cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tianshan Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Mingbo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tianshan Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Jiawei Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tianshan Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tianshan Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
| | - Ziqiang Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 169 Tianshan Street, Economic and Technological Development District, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
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40
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Cesinaro AM, Piana S, Paganelli A, Pedroni G, Santandrea G, Maiorana A. PRAME expression in cellular neurothekeoma: A study of 11 cases. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 49:338-342. [PMID: 34761425 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) has been widely investigated in the skin, mainly in melanocytic tumors, and constitutes an aid in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Very few studies have been performed on non-melanocytic tumors. MATERIALS We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of PRAME on a series of 11 neurothekeomas (NTKs), together with 3 cases of nerve sheath myxoma (NSM) and 1 case of plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor (PFT), in order to evaluate the presence and usefulness of this marker in their differential diagnosis. RESULTS PRAME was variably expressed in all cases of NTK, with moderate intensity in three cases and faint in the remaining cases; on the contrary, cases of NSM and PFT were negative. CONCLUSIONS This study expands the entities of cutaneous non-melanocytic tumors expressing PRAME, and confirms that this marker is not restricted to malignant tumors. Expression of PRAME in NTK does not seem to be related to distinctive histopathologic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Cesinaro
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Gioia Pedroni
- Section of Dermatology, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santandrea
- Pathology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda USL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonino Maiorana
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Modena University Hospital, Modena, Italy
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41
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Ruan H, Wang Z, Zhai Y, Xu Y, Pi L, Zheng J, Zhou Y, Zhang C, Huang R, Chen K, Li X, Ma W, Wu Z, Shen J, Deng X, Zhang C, Guan M. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of diffuse large B cells in cerebrospinal fluid of central nervous system lymphoma. iScience 2021; 24:102972. [PMID: 34471864 PMCID: PMC8387906 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-DLBCs) have offered great promise for the diagnostics and therapeutics of central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) leptomeningeal involvement. To explore the phenotypic states of CSF-DLBCs, we analyzed the transcriptomes of more than one thousand CSF-DLBCs from six patients with CNSL diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) using Smart-seq2 single-cell RNA sequencing. CSF-DLBCs were defined based on abundant expression of B-cell markers, the active cell proliferation and energy metabolism properties, and immunoglobulin light chain restriction. We identified inherent heterogeneity of CSF-DLBCs, which were mainly manifested in cell cycle state, cancer-testis antigen expression, and classification based on single-cell germinal center B-cell signature. In addition, the 16 upregulated genes in CSF-DLBCs compared to various normal B cells showed great possibility in the homing effect of the CNS-DLBCL for the leptomeninges. Our results will provide insight into the mechanism research and diagnostic direction of CNSL-DLBCL leptomeningeal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Ruan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhai
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyu Pi
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Zheng
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihang Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruofan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weizhe Ma
- Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shen
- 10K Genomics Technology Co.,Ltd., 333 Guiping Road, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Ming Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Corresponding author
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Lin L, Nong W, Luo B, Ge Y, Zeng X, Li F, Fan R, Zhang Q, Xie X. Cancer-testis antigen ACRBP expression and serum immunoreactivity in ovarian cancer: Its association with prognosis. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:1759-1770. [PMID: 34528758 PMCID: PMC8589352 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Cancer testis (CT) antigens are attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy because of their expression restriction and immunogenicity. The acrosin binding protein (ACRBP) is a member of CT antigens. This study aimed to evaluate ACRBP expression and immunogenicity in ovarian cancer (OC). Methods The expression level of ACRBP in OC tissues, normal ovarian tissues, and cell lines was detected via quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and immunohistochemistry. We determined the levels of ACRBP antigen and antibody in serum samples collected from patients with OC and healthy donors using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), the level of ACRBP in cell‐cultured medium was also tested. Results ACRBP mRNA and protein expressions were upregulated in OC tissues relative to normal tissue, especially highly expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Moreover, ACRBP expression was significantly correlated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and chemosensitivity. Serological analysis showed that anti‐ACRBP antibody was detected in the sera of 16 of the 56 (28.5%) patients with OC but not in healthy donors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for ACRBP antibody was 0.802 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.708–0.876), and the sensitivity and specificity for ACRBP antibody was 85.71% and 55.0%, respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in OC patients with high ACRBP expression were significantly lower than those with low expression (p = 0.040, p = 0.021). However, ACRBP antibody level was not associated with prognosis. Conclusion ACRBP expression was upregulated in OC tissues and induced humoral immune response in patients with OC, suggesting that ACRBP is a potential prognostic biomarker and a target of tumor immunotherapy for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Weixia Nong
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Central Laboratory, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Central Laboratory, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingying Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Central Laboratory, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xia Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Chinese Medicine University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingmei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Central Laboratory, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoxun Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Central Laboratory, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Prognostic and Therapeutic Potential of the OIP5 Network in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174483. [PMID: 34503297 PMCID: PMC8431695 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is an aggressive but minor type of RCC. The current understanding and management of pRCC remain poor. We report here OIP5 being a novel oncogenic factor and possessing robust prognostic values and therapeutic potential. OIP5 upregulation is observed in pRCC. The upregulation is associated with pRCC adverse features (T1P < T2P < CIMP, Stage1 + 2 < Stage 3 < Stage 4, and N0 < N1) and effectively stratifies the fatality risk. OIP5 promotes ACHN pRCC cell proliferation and xenograft formation; the latter is correlated with network alterations related to immune regulation, metabolism, and hypoxia. A set of differentially expressed genes (DEFs) was derived from ACHN OIP5 xenografts and primary pRCCs (n = 282) contingent to OIP5 upregulation; both DEG sets share 66 overlap genes. Overlap66 effectively predicts overall survival (p < 2 × 10-16) and relapse (p < 2 × 10-16) possibilities. High-risk tumors stratified by Overlap66 risk score possess an immune suppressive environment, evident by elevations in Treg cells and PD1 in CD8 T cells. Upregulation of PLK1 occurs in both xenografts and primary pRCC tumors with OIP5 elevations. PLK1 displays a synthetic lethality relationship with OIP5. PLK1 inhibitor BI2356 inhibits the growth of xenografts formed by ACHN OIP5 cells. Collectively, the OIP5 network can be explored for personalized therapies in management of pRCC patients.
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Nie X, Gao L, Zheng M, Wang C, Wang S, Li X, Qi Y, Zhu L, Liu J, Lin B. Overexpression of TMEFF1 in Endometrial Carcinoma and the Mechanism Underlying its Promotion of Malignant Behavior in Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2021; 12:5772-5788. [PMID: 34475991 PMCID: PMC8408118 DOI: 10.7150/jca.58524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although tomoregulin-1 (TMEFF1) is involved in embryonic development and central nervous system regulation and is a cancer suppressor gene in brain cancers, its role in endometrial carcinoma remains unclear. Methods: The expression and prognostic value of TMEFF1 were analyzed by bioinformatics methods and immunohistochemistry. An endometrial carcinoma cell line with low expression of TMEFF1 was constructed. Scratch and Transwell assays were used to determine the effect of TMEFF1 on cell invasion and migration. Changes in key proteins in the MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways and in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were analyzed using western blot. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) was performed to identify whether the TMEFF1 promoter region binds to the transcription factor p53. Results: TMEFF1 was significantly upregulated in endometrial carcinoma, was closely associated with FIGO stage (P=0.021) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.029), and was an independent risk factor for prognosis (P=0.044). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed that TMEFF1 and its related genes are involved in the cell cycle, regulation of mitosis, epigenetics, neural development, cell biological signal transduction and some key signal pathways. We also identified kinases, microRNAs and a transcription factor network related to TMEFF1 and the effect of TMEFF1 mutation on prognosis. In vitro knockdown of TMEFF1 significantly inhibited cell invasion and migration. Knockdown of TMEFF1 inhibited Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and activation of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. However, the transcription factor p53 was not found to regulate the TMEFF1 gene. Conclusion: TMEFF1 plays an important role in endometrial carcinoma and may thus be a potential anticancer therapeutic target for endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Nie
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingling Gao
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingjun Zheng
- University Hospital, LMU Munich, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Munich, Germany
| | - Caixia Wang
- West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Liancheng Zhu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
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Zhang M, Hong JA, Kunst TF, Bond CD, Kenney CM, Warga CL, Yeray J, Lee MJ, Yuno A, Lee S, Miettinen M, Ripley RT, Hoang CD, Gnjatic S, Trepel JB, Schrump DS. Randomized phase II trial of a first-in-human cancer cell lysate vaccine in patients with thoracic malignancies. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:3079-3092. [PMID: 34430349 PMCID: PMC8350099 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most malignancies express cancer-testis antigens (CTA), immune responses to these proteins are limited in thoracic oncology patients. This trial was undertaken to examine if a cancer cell lysate vaccine could induce immunity to CTA, and to ascertain if metronomic cyclophosphamide and celecoxib enhances vaccine-induced immune responses. METHODS Eleven patients with primary thoracic malignancies and 10 patients with extrathoracic neoplasms metastatic to the chest rendered NED by conventional therapies were randomized to receive H1299 lung cancer cell lysates (10 mg protein/vaccine) with Iscomatrix™ adjuvant via deep intradermal injection q 4 weeks ×6 with or without daily oral metronomic cyclophosphamide/celecoxib. The primary endpoint was serologic response to purified CTA assessed 1 month after the 6th vaccination. Secondary endpoints included assessment of the effects of cyclophosphamide and celecoxib on frequency and magnitude of vaccine-induced immune responses to CTA. Exploratory endpoints included evaluation of the effects of the vaccine regimens on peripheral immune subsets. Standard of care imaging studies were obtained at baseline and 1 month after the 3rd and 6th vaccinations. RESULTS All patients exhibited local and systemic inflammatory responses lasting 72-96 hours following vaccinations. There were no dose limiting treatment related toxicities. Fourteen patients (67%) completed all six vaccinations. Eight of 14 patients (57%) exhibited serologic responses to NY-ESO-1. One patient developed antibodies to GAGE7; several patients exhibited reactivity to XAGE and MAGE-C2. Vaccine therapy decreased the percent of Tregs (P=0.0068), PD-1 expression on Tregs (P=0.0027), PD-L1 expression on CD14+ monocytes (P=0.0089), PD-L1 expression on classical monocytes (P=0.016), and PD-L1 expression on intermediate monocytes (P=0.0031). Cyclophosphamide/celecoxib did not appear to increase immune responses or enhance vaccine-induced alterations in peripheral immune subsets. CONCLUSIONS H1299 lysate vaccines with Iscomatrix™ induce immune responses to CTA and modulate peripheral immune subsets in a manner that may enhance antitumor immunity in patients with thoracic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Zhang
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie A. Hong
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tricia F. Kunst
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Colleen D. Bond
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cara M. Kenney
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cheryl L. Warga
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Javier Yeray
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Akira Yuno
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Markku Miettinen
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R. Taylor Ripley
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chuong D. Hoang
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jane B. Trepel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David S. Schrump
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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CT45A1 promotes the metastasis of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo through β-catenin. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:650. [PMID: 34172717 PMCID: PMC8233386 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Increased expression of cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) is reported in various tumors. However, the unique role of CTAs in tumor genesis has not yet been verified. Here, we first report the functional role of CT45A1 in the carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma. RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry confirmed that elevated expression of CT45A1 was detected in osteosarcoma, especially in metastatic tissues of osteosarcoma. Furthermore, osteosarcoma patients with poorer prognosis showed high expression of CT45A1. In cell tests, CT45A1 overexpression was shown to strengthen the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of osteosarcoma cells, while silencing CT45A1 markedly elicited the opposite effects in these tests by disrupting the activation of β-catenin. In summary, we identify a novel role of CT45A1 in osteosarcoma. Furthermore, our results suggested that CT45A1 may contribute to the development of osteosarcoma and could be a possible therapeutic target for osteosarcoma patients.
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Meng X, Sun X, Liu Z, He Y. A novel era of cancer/testis antigen in cancer immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107889. [PMID: 34174699 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a regimen that is especially utilized in many advanced cancers. Tumor antigens include tumor-specific antigens and tumor-associated antigens, and they function as targets for immunotherapy, such as cancer vaccines and autologous T cells. Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs), which is a group of genes that are restrictedly expressed in malignant cells as well as some germline cells, are tumor-associated antigens. These expression characteristics make CTAs promising candidates for vaccine or T cell therapy targets. Cancer vaccines utilize cancer antigens to induce specific cellular and humoral immune responses to strengthen the body's immune system. T cell transfer therapy refers to genetically modifying T cells to express antigen-specific T cell receptors or chimeric antigen receptors, both of which can be directly activated by tumor antigens. Moreover, combined therapies are being investigated based on CTAs. Current studies have mainly focused on MAGE-A, NY-ESO-1, and IL-13Rα. And we will review clinical trials of CTA-based immunotherapies related to these three antigens. We will summarize completed trials and results and examine the future trends in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Meng
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xueqing Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhonglong Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Chen C, Gao D, Huo J, Qu R, Guo Y, Hu X, Luo L. Multiomics analysis reveals CT83 is the most specific gene for triple negative breast cancer and its hypomethylation is oncogenic in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12172. [PMID: 34108519 PMCID: PMC8190062 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive breast cancer (BrC) subtype lacking effective therapeutic targets currently. The development of multi-omics databases facilities the identification of core genes for TNBC. Using TCGA-BRCA and METABRIC datasets, we identified CT83 as the most TNBC-specific gene. By further integrating FUSCC-TNBC, CCLE, TCGA pan-cancer, Expression Atlas, and Human Protein Atlas datasets, we found CT83 is frequently activated in TNBC and many other cancers, while it is always silenced in non-TNBC, 120 types of normal non-testis tissues, and 18 types of blood cells. Notably, according to the TCGA-BRCA methylation data, hypomethylation on chromosome X 116,463,019 to 116,463,039 is significantly correlated with the abnormal activation of CT83 in BrC. Using Kaplan-Meier Plotter, we demonstrated that activated CT83 is significantly associated with unfavorably overall survival in BrC and worse outcomes in some other cancers. Furthermore, GSEA suggested that the abnormal activation of CT83 in BrC is probably oncogenic by triggering the activation of cell cycle signaling. Meanwhile, we also noticed copy number variations and mutations of CT83 are quite rare in any cancer type, and its role in immune infiltration is not significant. In summary, we highlighted the significance of CT83 for TNBC and presented a comprehensive bioinformatics strategy for single-gene analysis in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- grid.452884.7Breast and Thyroid Center, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Fenghuang N Rd, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Dan Gao
- grid.452884.7Breast and Thyroid Center, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Fenghuang N Rd, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Jinlong Huo
- grid.452884.7Breast and Thyroid Center, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Fenghuang N Rd, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Rui Qu
- grid.452884.7Breast and Thyroid Center, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Fenghuang N Rd, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Youming Guo
- grid.452884.7Breast and Thyroid Center, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Fenghuang N Rd, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Xiaochi Hu
- grid.452884.7Breast and Thyroid Center, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Fenghuang N Rd, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Libo Luo
- grid.452884.7Breast and Thyroid Center, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Fenghuang N Rd, Zunyi, 563000 Guizhou China
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Kim YR, Kim KU, Lee JH, Kim DW, Chung JH, Kim YD, Shin DH, Lee MK, Shin YI, Lee SY. Cancer Testis Antigen, NOL4, Is an Immunogenic Antigen Specifically Expressed in Small-Cell Lung Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:1927-1937. [PMID: 34065612 PMCID: PMC8161805 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To identify cancer/testis (CT) antigens and immunogenic proteins, immunoscreening of testicular and small-cell lung cancer cell line NCI-H889 cDNA libraries was performed using serum obtained from a small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patient. We obtained 113 positive cDNA clones comprised of 74 different genes, designated KP-SCLC-1 through KP-SCLC-74. Of these genes, 59 genes were found to be related to cancers by EMBASE analysis. Three of these antigens, including KP-SCLC-29 (NOL4), KP-SCLC-59 (CCDC83), and KP-SCLC-69 (KIF20B), were CT antigens. RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that NOL4 was frequently present in small-cell lung cancer cell lines (8/9, 8/9). In addition, NOL4 mRNA was weakly, or at a low frequency, or not detected in various cancer cell lines. Our results reveal that NOL4 was expressed at protein levels in small-cell lung cancer tissues (10/10) but not detected in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical analysis. Serological response to NOL4 was also evaluated by western blot assay using NOL4 recombinant protein. A humoral response against NOL4 proteins was detected in 75% (33/44) of small-cell lung cancer patients and in 65% (13/20) of healthy donors by a serological western blot assay. These data suggest that NOL4 is a specific target that may be useful for diagnosis and immunotherapy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (D.-W.K.)
| | - Ki-Uk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea; (K.-U.K.); (M.-K.L.)
| | - Jung-Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (J.-H.L.); (D.-H.S.)
| | - Deok-Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (D.-W.K.)
| | - Jae-Heun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Yeong-Dae Kim
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea;
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (J.-H.L.); (D.-H.S.)
| | - Min-Ki Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-dong, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Korea; (K.-U.K.); (M.-K.L.)
| | - Yong-Il Shin
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Sang-Yull Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (D.-W.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-8084
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Guillén A, Stiborova K, Ressel L, Blackwood L, Finotello R, Amores-Fuster I, Jama N, Killick D. Immunohistochemical expression and prognostic significance of MAGE-A in canine oral malignant melanoma. Res Vet Sci 2021; 137:226-234. [PMID: 34023546 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Canine oral malignant melanoma (COMM) is considered a chemo-resistant cancer with a poor long-term prognosis. The melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGE-A) genes, which belong to the cancer-testis antigen family, are expressed in several different canine cancers but not in normal somatic tissue. This study evaluates the expression of MAGE-A proteins and their prognostic role in COMM. The study was conducted in 2 parts. During the first part, biopsies from oral malignant melanomas from 43 dogs were examined and immunohistochemically assessed for expression of MAGE-A proteins. For the second part, the association between MAGE-A expression and outcome was assessed using follow-up data which was available for 20 dogs whose primary tumour had been controlled with surgery +/- radiation therapy. MAGE-A proteins were expressed in 88.4% (38/43) of oral malignant melanomas and had a predominantly cytoplasmic expression pattern. Immunopositivity was observed in more than 50% of the cells in 21 dogs (48.8%). Immunostaining intensity was classified as weak, moderate and intense in 16 (37%), 16 (37%) and 6 (14%) cases, respectively. No staining for MAGE-A was seen in 5 dogs (11%). Dogs whose COMM had weak MAGE-A staining intensity had a median survival time (MST) of 320 days while this was 129 days for dogs with moderate and intense immunostaining (p = 0.161). Dogs whose COMM had >50% of positive staining neoplastic cells had an MST of 141 days and dogs with a staining <50% had an MST of 320 days (p = 0.164). MAGE-A expression did not influence survival in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Guillén
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - Katerina Stiborova
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy Physiology and Pathology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Laura Blackwood
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Riccardo Finotello
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Isabel Amores-Fuster
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
| | - Nimo Jama
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - David Killick
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Science, University of Liverpool, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
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