1
|
Steinhoff P, Reiner A. Physical activity and functional social support in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1355. [PMID: 38769563 PMCID: PMC11103817 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the population of older people is increasing and is estimated to reach nearly 2.1 billion by 2050. Physical activity (PA) is one of the key components for successful ageing. However, PA decreases with age and many older adults do not meet PA guidelines. Previous research has shown that social support (SOSU) is related to PA in older people. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and map all of the available evidence and to explore the association between functional SOSU and PA in older adults. Functional SOSU consists of emotional, informational, instrumental and companionship SOSU and social comparison. METHODS A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna-Briggs manual. Quantitative and qualitative studies investigating associations between functional SOSU and PA levels in older adults (mean age ≥ 60 years) were identified through a systematic search in seven electronic databases up to August 2023. After removing duplicates, 20,907 articles were screened for titles and abstracts. The results were analysed separately for different types of SOSU. RESULTS 116 articles met the inclusion criteria; 72% were quantitative studies and 28% were qualitative studies. Most studies used self-reported PA measures, only 23% of the studies used objective-reported PA measures. Most studies of SOSU for PA reported positive associations but the evidence is inconclusive when the source of support is considered. PA is positively associated with general, emotional, informational, and companionship SOSU, while instrumental support may occasionally be negatively associated. Companionship support is particularly influential on PA, especially in group settings, as it promotes social connectedness. Qualitative studies show that social comparison also supports PA. Different forms of SOSU generally show positive associations with PA. CONCLUSIONS While the evidence on the association between functional SOSU and PA is mixed, most studies show that there is a positive association. PA may also be a strategy for improving social contact and social integration. This study offers a comprehensive overview of measures for SOSU and PA and thereby informs future research and policy-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Steinhoff
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Amelie Reiner
- Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sirotiak Z, Brellenthin AG, Hariharan A, Welch AS, Meyer JD, Franke WD. Psychological correlates of physical activity among adults living in rural and urban settings. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1389078. [PMID: 38659683 PMCID: PMC11039787 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1389078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Middle-aged and older adults living in rural settings have been consistently less likely to report regular physical activity (PA) than those living in urban settings. While past literature has identified sociodemographic and environmental correlates of PA that may contribute to these differences, consideration of psychological correlates has been limited. A total of 95 rural and urban adults ≥50 years old provided self-reported sociodemographic information, PA level, and psychological correlates of PA including measures assessing motivation, self-efficacy, social support, and attitudes related to PA. The average participant age was 68.6 years, and most were female (62.1%) and married (70.5%). While PA level did not differ significantly between the rural and urban groups, different psychological correlates contributed significantly to separate rural and urban linear regression models considering PA status. Among rural adults, more positive attitudes toward PA, and greater PA self-efficacy and social support were associated with greater amounts of PA while for urban adults, no psychological correlates were significantly associated with PA. Psychosocial factors may be key considerations in developing more effective PA interventions in middle-aged and older adults living in rural areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Sirotiak
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Arjun Hariharan
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Amy S. Welch
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States
| | - Jacob D. Meyer
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Warren D. Franke
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cheng HI, Hsu WT, Wang WH, Li RH, Tang FC, Huang SL. Health Behavior Models and Regular Exercise Levels Among Workers in Taiwan. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:4149-4159. [PMID: 38143798 PMCID: PMC10749106 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s435774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aims to examine the disparate effects of health behavior models, namely exercise self-efficacy (ESE), health belief model (HBM), and planned behavior theory (PBT), applied to clarify the degree of regular exercise among workers in Taiwan. Methods A cross-sectional research design was adopted. A questionnaire was distributed to obtain information pertaining to regular exercise level, demographic characteristics, and the scores of ESE, HBM, and PBT. In total, 400 full-time workers voluntarily participated in this study. Results The results showed that only 20.5% of the participants exercised regularly, 37.3% exercised irregularly, and 42.3% did not exercise currently. "Perceived benefits" and "perceived barriers" pertaining to HBM; "attitude" and "perceived behavioral control" pertaining to PBT; and ESE were associated with regular exercise level in the multiple linear regression analyses of each health behavior model. When all three models were considered simultaneously, ESE provided the greatest explanation of the variances for regular exercise levels. PBT total made a smaller contribution in the prediction of regular exercise level, while the effect of HBM did not show statistical significance. In order to explore the practicality of moving beyond theoretical models and focusing on the components across health behavior models to enhance workers' exercise behavior, the components showing statistical significance in separate analysis were put into the multiple linear regression simultaneously. The results showed that ESE, perceived barriers of health behavior, attitude, and perceived behavioral control were significantly associated with regular exercise level. Conclusion A low percentage of workers exercising regularly should be a notable issue for workplace health promotion. Neither utilizing cues to exercise nor advertising health threats of physical inactivity is sufficient to enable workers to exercise regularly. Enhancing workers' ESE and behavior control and removing the exercise barriers would constitute efficient strategies for maintaining the exercise habit of workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Construction Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
- Department of Leisure Services Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsun Wang
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hau Li
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Room of Clinical Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Cheng Tang
- Department of Leisure Services Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, 413, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Huang
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Room of Clinical Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Meredith SJ, Cox NJ, Ibrahim K, Higson J, McNiff J, Mitchell S, Rutherford M, Wijayendran A, Shenkin SD, Kilgour AHM, Lim SER. Factors that influence older adults' participation in physical activity: a systematic review of qualitative studies. Age Ageing 2023; 52:afad145. [PMID: 37595070 PMCID: PMC10438214 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the advantages of physical activity (PA), older adults are often insufficiently active to maximise health. Understanding factors that influence PA engagement will support well-designed interventions for older people. Our aim was to review the qualitative evidence exploring the factors affecting older adults' engagement in PA. METHODS We searched six electronic databases for studies of community-dwelling older adults (≥70 years) including qualitative methods. We excluded studies of a single-disease group, individuals with cognitive impairment and care home residents. Methodological rigour was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, and framework synthesis was applied using the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model, which hypothesises that behaviour is influenced by three factors: capability, opportunity and motivation. RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included in the review (N = 4,978; mean 79 years) and 32 themes were identified. Older adults' capability was influenced by functional capacity (e.g. strength) and perceived risk of injury from PA (e.g. falls). Opportunity was impacted by the environment 'fit' (e.g. neighbourhood safety), the availability of social interaction and socio-cultural ageing stereotypes. PA was motivated by identifying as an 'exerciser', health gains and experiencing positive emotions (e.g. enjoyment), whereas negative sensations (e.g. pain) reduced motivation. CONCLUSIONS The qualitative synthesis showcased a complex web of interacting factors influencing PA between the sub-domains of COM-B, pinpointing directions for intervention, including a focus on whole systems approaches. There was a lack of research exploring PA influences in the oldest old and in low-income countries. Future research should seek to involve under-served groups, including a wider diversity of older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Meredith
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Southampton, UK
- NIHR ARC Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Natalie J Cox
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton, UK
| | - Kinda Ibrahim
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Southampton, UK
- NIHR ARC Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Susan D Shenkin
- NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alixe H M Kilgour
- NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stephen E R Lim
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Southampton, UK
- NIHR ARC Wessex, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- University Hospital Southampton NHS FT, Southampton, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mondino A, Khan M, Case B, Giovagnoli S, Thomson A, Lascelles BDX, Gruen M, Olby N. Activity patterns are associated with fractional lifespan, memory, and gait speed in aged dogs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2588. [PMID: 36788306 PMCID: PMC9929073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29181-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining an active lifestyle is considered a hallmark of successful aging. Physical activity significantly reduces the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease in humans. However, pain and lack of motivation are important barriers to exercise. Dogs are a remarkable model for translational studies in aging and cognition as they are prone to Canine Cognitive Dysfunction syndrome, which has many similarities with Alzheimer's disease. According to owner reports, changes in activity levels are characteristic of this syndrome, with decreased daytime activity, but also excessive pacing, especially at sleep time. We used physical activity monitors to record the activity of 27 senior dogs and evaluated the association between activity level and age, fractional lifespan, cognitive status measured by an owner questionnaire and cognitive tests. We also assessed the relationship between activity and joint/spinal pain, and the off/on leash gait speed ratio (a potential marker of gait speed reserve and motivation). We found that activity patterns in dogs are associated with fractional lifespan and working memory. Additionally, dogs with higher on/off leash gait speed are more active in the afternoon of weekdays. These results encourage future studies evaluating how physical activity can improve or delay cognitive impairment in senior dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Mondino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Michael Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Beth Case
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sara Giovagnoli
- Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Thomson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Translational Research in Pain, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Comparative Pain Research and Education Centre, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Thurston Arthritis Center, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Research, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Margaret Gruen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Natasha Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Asiamah N, Agyemang SM, Yarfi C, Jnr RAM, Muhonja F, Khan HTA, Kouveliotis K, Sghaier S. Associations of Social Networks with Physical Activity Enjoyment among Older Adults: Walkability as a Modifier through a STROBE-Compliant Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3341. [PMID: 36834040 PMCID: PMC9967423 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The available evidence suggests that social networks can contribute to physical activity (PA) enjoyment, which is necessary for the maintenance of PA over the life course. This study assessed the associations of active and sedentary social networks with PA enjoyment and ascertained whether walkability moderates or modifies these associations. A cross-sectional design compliant with STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) was employed. The participants were 996 community-dwelling older Ghanaians aged 50 years or older. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to analyse the data. After adjusting for age and income, the study found that the active social network size (β = 0.09; p < 0.05) and sedentary social network size (β = 0.17; p < 0.001) were positively associated with PA enjoyment. These associations were strengthened by walkability. It is concluded that active and sedentary social networks may better support PA enjoyment in more walkable neighbourhoods. Therefore, enabling older adults to retain social networks and live in more walkable neighbourhoods may be an effective way to improve their PA enjoyment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor Asiamah
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research and Practice, School of Health and Social Care, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Africa Centre for Epidemiology, Accra North P.O. Box AN 18462, Ghana
| | - Simon Mawulorm Agyemang
- Department of Science/Health, Physical Education and Sports, Abetifi Presbyterian College of Education, Abetifi-Kwahu P.O. Box 19, Ghana
| | - Cosmos Yarfi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho PMB 31, Ghana
| | - Reginald Arthur-Mensah Jnr
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Pentecost University, Accra P.O. Box KN 1739, Ghana
| | - Faith Muhonja
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, Amref International University, Nairobi P.O. Box 27691-00506, Kenya
| | - Hafiz T. A. Khan
- College of Nursing, Midwifery, and Healthcare, University of West London, Paragon House, Boston Manor Road, Brentford TW8 9GB, UK
| | - Kyriakos Kouveliotis
- Berlin School of Business and Innovation, Academic Affairs, 97-99 Karl Marx Strasse, 12043 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarra Sghaier
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Africa Centre for Epidemiology, Accra North P.O. Box AN 18462, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tuominen M, Stenholm S, Koski P, Leskinen T. Meanings Attributed to Physical Activity and Changes in Self-Reported and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity among Recent Retirees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15567. [PMID: 36497642 PMCID: PMC9736060 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Retirement poses opportunities and challenges for maintaining and adopting physically active habits, which may have major implications for health and functional ability in later life. Qualitative studies suggest that a broad range of meanings of physical activity should be considered when promoting physical activity among retirees. The current study utilized the Physical Activity Relationship (PAR) approach to examine the importance of meanings attributed to physical activity and their associations with physical activity over time. A total of 230 recently retired participants (65.2 years old, 83% women) responded to a 54-item inventory assessing the importance of meanings attributed to physical activity at baseline. Eight meaning dimensions were identified through exploratory factor analysis. Differences in their importance across gender and occupational background were examined using t-tests and ANOVA. Associations between meaning dimensions and self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity over 12 months were examined with general linear models. Dimensions defined as Physical Fitness, Positive Mood, and Belonging were positively associated with changes in self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity. Additionally, the importance of several meaning dimensions varied across occupational background. In conclusion, physical activity promotion among retirees should focus on physical fitness, positive mood, and social belonging. Furthermore, meanings attributed to physical activity may vary across occupational backgrounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miika Tuominen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Pasi Koski
- Department of Teacher Education, University of Turku, 26101 Rauma, Finland
| | - Tuija Leskinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Olds TS, Dumuid D, Mellow ML, Keage HAD, Wade AT, Hunter M, Karayanidis F, Smith AE. The perceived mental effort of everyday activities in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2022; 169:111971. [PMID: 36191833 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
People's perceptions of the mental effort required for everyday activities may drive variation in the relationships between lifestyles and cognitive ability. We asked n = 259 healthy older adults aged 60 to 70 years (90 males, 169 females) to provide a rating of the Perceived Mental Effort (PME) for each activity instance they recalled over a 48-h period as part of a time-use recall. PME was rated on a 9-point scale from "very, very low" (score of 1) to "very, very high" (score of 9). Across the entire sample, participants rated a total of 196 different activities and 17,433 activity instances. The mean PME for individual activities was 3.50 ± 1.58. PMEs varied significantly by activity domain, with highest ratings being for Work (5.48 ± 1.72) and the lowest for Self-Care (2.89 ± 0.98). In multivariate analyses, PME ratings were higher in males than females (+0.30), PMEs were higher later in the day, increased with task duration, and decreased with age (all p < 0.0001). Time-weighted average individual PMEs across the two days of recall ranged from 1.86 to 6.50, and were 0.3 units higher for males, but unrelated to age. Repeated intra-individual PME ratings for the same activity were very reliable (ICC = 0.995, mean absolute difference = 0.03 ± 0.17). PMEs show promise as a reliable measure of mental effort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Maddison L Mellow
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Hannah A D Keage
- Cognitive Ageing and Impairment Neurosciences (CAIN) Laboratory, Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Alexandra T Wade
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Montana Hunter
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Frini Karayanidis
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ashleigh E Smith
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pierre J, Collinet C, Schut PO, Verdot C. Physical activity and sedentarism among seniors in France, and their impact on health. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272785. [PMID: 35981054 PMCID: PMC9387786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
In the context of the ageing of the French population, physical activity becomes a principal means for maintaining good health. International organisations are thus giving increasing importance to physical activity in programmes of disease-prevention. In parallel with these concerns, studies have shown the impact of sedentary activities (in particularly as a result of the seated position and screen time) on health.
Objective
To show the links between physical activity, sedentarism and health indicators and to identify the socio-demographic variables by which they are influenced (particularly gender).
Study design
This is a transversal epidemiological study conducted among the French population between 2014 and 2016 by Santé publique France, the national public health agency.
Methods
The RPAQ (Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire) was used to measure the physical activity and sedentary lifestyle of individuals. The analyses focus on the behaviours among the population of older adults (55–74 years old, n = 1155).
Results
A third of French older adults does not meet the WHO recommended physical activity levels, particularly so among women. The results of this survey point to significant links between health indicators (especially overweight and obesity) and the physical activity level and sedentarity of older adults. From the age of 60, energy expenditure linked to physical activity increases before decreasing from the age of 65. Older adults spend almost 6 hours per day in sedentary activities. The combinations between physical activity and sedentarism highlight four profiles of older adults. The most active profile is the one with the best health indicators.
Conclusion
The links between health, sedentarity and physical activity are unequivocal: people who achieve the WHO recommendations for physical activity and spend less than 7 hours each day in sedentary activities are those who also have the best health indicators. These results vary with sociographic characteristics and reveal significant links with health indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Pierre
- Sport Sciences, Gustave Eiffel University, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Charlotte Verdot
- Nutritional Surveillance and Epidemiology Team (ESEN), Direction of Non-Communicable Diseases and Trauma (DMNTT), Santé Publique France (French Public Health Agency), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Price AE. New insights into the benefits of different modes of physical activity for older women. J Women Aging 2022; 34:413-414. [PMID: 35816620 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2022.2095965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
11
|
Liu J, Zeng M, Wang D, Zhang Y, Shang B, Ma X. Applying Social Cognitive Theory in Predicting Physical Activity Among Chinese Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study With Multigroup Structural Equation Model. Front Psychol 2022; 12:695241. [PMID: 35370866 PMCID: PMC8965556 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the applicability of social cognitive determinants among the Chinese adolescents and examine whether the predictability of the social cognitive theory (SCT) model on physical activity (PA) differs across gender (boys and girls) and urbanization (urban and suburban). A total of 3,000 Chinese adolescents ranging between the ages of 12-15 years were randomly selected to complete a set of questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to investigate the relationships between social cognitive variables and PA in the urbanization and gender subgroups. The overall model explained 38.9% of the variance in PA. Fit indices indicated that the structural model of SCT was good: root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.047, (root mean square residual) RMR = 0.028, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.974, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.960, Tucker-Lewis coefficient (TLI) = 0.971, and comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.978. Regarding the subgroup analysis, social support (critical ratios [CRs] = 2.118; p < 0.001) had a more substantial impact on the PA of adolescents in suburban areas than that in urban areas, whereas self-regulation (CRs = -2.896, p < 0.001) had a more substantial impact on the PA of adolescents in urban areas than in suburban areas. The results indicate that the SCT model predicts the PA of Chinese adolescents substantially. An SCT model could apply over a range of subgroups to predict the PA behavior and should be considered comprehensively when designing interventions. These findings would benefit PA among the Chinese adolescents, especially across genders and urbanization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Liu
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Muchuan Zeng
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dizhi Wang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Borui Shang
- Department of Kinesiology, Hebei Institute of Physical Education, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Social Sciences, Hebei Sport University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Influence of socio-economic indicators of the region on the psychological well-being of residents of pre-retirement age in southern Siberia. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02655-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
13
|
Strategies for Long-Term Maintenance of Physical Activity Among Older Adults: A Qualitative Study From India. J Aging Phys Act 2022; 31:515-525. [DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-term physical activity (PA) maintenance is challenging for older adults. Equipping older adults with strategies to support long-term PA maintenance can be an effective way to tackle this problem. Moreover, there is a lack of studies regarding long-term PA maintenance among older adults from non-Western settings. This qualitative research is one of the first studies conducted in an Indian context that explores the strategies developed and utilized by older adults who have successfully maintained their PA for the long term (>1 year) in their home settings. In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with 19 older adults, and data were analyzed using an inductive reflexive thematic analysis approach. This article reports five strategies of PA maintenance, together comprising 13 substrategies. This study highlights the importance of using strategies to support the long-term maintenance of PA among older adults in India. However, these strategies would also be useful in other sociocultural contexts.
Collapse
|
14
|
Dogra S, Dunstan DW, Sugiyama T, Stathi A, Gardiner PA, Owen N. Active Aging and Public Health: Evidence, Implications, and Opportunities. Annu Rev Public Health 2021; 43:439-459. [PMID: 34910580 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052620-091107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
By 2050, 20% of the world's population will be over the age of 65 years, with projections that 80% of older adults will be living in low- to middle-income countries. Physical inactivity and sedentary time are particularly high in older adults, presenting unique public health challenges. In this article, we first review evidence that points to multiple beneficial outcomes of active aging, including better physical function, cognitive function, mental health, social health, and sleep and suggest the need to shift the research focus from chronic disease outcomes to more relevant outcomes that affect independence and quality of life. Second, we review the critical role of age-friendly environments in facilitating active aging equitably across different countries and cultures. Finally, we consider emerging opportunities related to social engagement and technology-enabled mobility that can facilitate active aging. In all these contexts, it is a priority to understand and address diversity within the global aging population. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 43 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Dogra
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Kinesiology), University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario, Canada;
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia.,School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Robertson MC, Baranowski T, Thompson D, Basen-Engquist KM, Swartz MC, Lyons EJ. Using the Behaviour Change Wheel Program Planning Model to Design Games for Health: Development Study. JMIR Serious Games 2021; 9:e29964. [PMID: 34870604 PMCID: PMC8686484 DOI: 10.2196/29964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Games for health are a promising approach to health promotion. Their success depends on achieving both experiential (game) and instrumental (health) objectives. There is little to guide game for health (G4H) designers in integrating the science of behavior change with the art of game design. Objective The aim of this study is to extend the Behaviour Change Wheel program planning model to develop Challenges for Healthy Aging: Leveraging Limits for Engaging Networked Game-Based Exercise (CHALLENGE), a G4H centered on increasing physical activity in insufficiently active older women. Methods We present and apply the G4H Mechanics, Experiences, and Change (MECHA) process, which supplements the Behaviour Change Wheel program planning model. The additional steps are centered on identifying target G4H player experiences and corresponding game mechanics to help game designers integrate design elements and G4H objectives into behavioral interventions. Results We identified a target behavior of increasing moderate-intensity walking among insufficiently active older women and key psychosocial determinants of this behavior from self-determination theory (eg, autonomy). We used MECHA to map these constructs to intervention functions (eg, persuasion) and G4H target player experiences (eg, captivation). Next, we identified behavior change techniques (eg, framing or reframing) and specific game mechanics (eg, transforming) to help realize intervention functions and elicit targeted player experiences. Conclusions MECHA can help researchers map specific linkages between distal intervention objectives and more proximal game design mechanics in games for health. This can facilitate G4H program planning, evaluation, and clearer scientific communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Robertson
- Department of Nutrition, Metabolism & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Tom Baranowski
- U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Debbe Thompson
- U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Karen M Basen-Engquist
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria Chang Swartz
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Lyons
- Department of Nutrition, Metabolism & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stehr P, Luetke Lanfer H, Rossmann C. Beliefs and motivation regarding physical activity among older adults in Germany: results of a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2021; 16:1932025. [PMID: 34076570 PMCID: PMC8174480 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2021.1932025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: As the proportion of older adults in Germany continues to grow, so does the need for physical activity as a strategy for health promotion. The purpose of this study is to gain insights into the belief system underlying older adults' physical activity and its interplay with motivation by integrating Theory of Planned Behaviour and Self-Determination Theory.Methods: We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with residents of Germany who were 65 years of age or older. Transcripts of interviews were analysed with a coding frame of deductive main categories and inductive subcategories.Results: Part of our results is a typology that divides our sample into four groups based on the intensity and perceived sufficiency of their physical activity. These groups mainly differ in their intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation and how they deal with barriers to physical activity, i.e., control beliefs.Conclusion: Messages to promote physical activity should be tailored regarding older adults' varying beliefs and motivation. To overcome barriers, intrinsic motivation plays a crucial role. Intrinsic motivation is closely linked to activities that are joyful and satisfy basic psychological needs. Moreover, it is important for older adults to be able to adjust their activities to age-related physical limitations and chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Stehr
- Department of Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Hanna Luetke Lanfer
- Department of Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Constanze Rossmann
- Department of Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kritz M, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Mullan B, Stathi A, Ntoumanis N. How can older peer leaders best support motivation for walking in physically inactive older adults? A self-determination theory perspective. Psychol Health 2021:1-22. [PMID: 34726967 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1994968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine what older adults perceive to be need-supportive behaviours of peer walk leaders, drawing primarily from Self-Determination Theory (SDT). DESIGN Experienced peer leaders (n = 13; Mage = 73.23, SD = 6.55) and walkers (n = 17; Mage = 72.88, SD = 5.79) were recruited from existing walking groups. Individuals who expressed an interest in becoming a peer leader (n = 18; Mage = 72.72, SD = 4.99) or walker (n = 20; Mage = 78.90, SD = 10.45) were recruited from retirement villages. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We conducted semi-structured interviews to identify leader behaviours that support autonomy, competence, and relatedness and analysed the data using framework analysis. RESULTS We identified eight main themes: eliciting walker interest, acknowledging and adapting to walkers' requirements, ensuring walkers feel comfortable, cared for, and socially integrated, supporting walker confidence, and promoting success experiences. Inexperienced leaders differed from other sub-groups in what they perceived to be supportive behaviours. CONCLUSION Future peer leaders could use the identified behaviours to help older adults feel motivated during group walks. New peer leaders can be educated about potential differences between what they describe as supportive and what walkers and experienced leaders perceive as need-supportive behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Kritz
- Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Enable Institute, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Barbara Mullan
- Enable Institute, Curtin University, Australia.,WACPRU, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Physical Activity and Wellbeing Research Group, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Enable Institute, Curtin University, Australia.,School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ericson H, Quennerstedt M, Geidne S. Physical activity as a health resource: a cross-sectional survey applying a salutogenic approach to what older adults consider meaningful in organised physical activity initiatives. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:858-874. [PMID: 34650835 PMCID: PMC8510608 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1986400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Examine health resources that physically active older adults consider meaningful when participating in physical activity initiatives. Health resources are protective factors, including attitudes, knowledge, material factors or social support, that potentially enable people to understand and make sense of their lives or to cope with life stressors. Design and main outcome measures A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with two questionnaires used to serve as a compiled ‘ageing well’ survey: the Salutogenic Physical Activity Health Resources Questionnaire (SPAHRQ) and the short form of the Sense of Coherence questionnaire, SOC-13. Results The study included 372 participants ranging from 60 to 96 years of age (mean age: 74.4 ± 7 years; 60% women). Social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants. Social relations were the most meaningful health resource for both men and women (89%). Women rated positive energy as a significantly more important consequence of their participation in physical activity than men (W 88%, M 72%; p = .001). The three health resources that were considered less important were capability in and about physical activity, self-worth and identity as an exercising person. Those who were more physically active considered social relations, self-worth and the habit of exercising to a higher extent. Participants with higher sense of coherence consider the habit of exercising to a greater extent to be important. Conclusions Findings that social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants, can contribute to a wider understanding of health resources that older adults consider meaningful in their participation in organised physical activity initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ericson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mikael Quennerstedt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Susanna Geidne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Leung KM, Ou KL, Chung PK, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. Older Adults' Perceptions toward Walking: A Qualitative Study Using a Social-Ecological Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147686. [PMID: 34300136 PMCID: PMC8303868 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate older adults’ perceptions of their walking experiences, using the social-ecological model as a guiding framework and to propose future walking intervention content. Methods: Thirty-eight participants (19 women; 47% from private elderly centers; mean age = 72.8 (SD = 7.4 years) took part in semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data analysis software QSR-NVivo was used for thematic coding. Results: Thematic deductive analysis revealed pertinent themes at the individual level (health benefits and barriers, fall risk, perseverance, and walking as a suitable activity for older adults), social environment level (social support and social interaction), physical environment level (density, land-use mix, and connectivity; perceived safety, pedestrian facilities (benches, quality of walking paths and sidewalks, and aesthetics), other pedestrian behaviors, and weather, and policy level (lack of walking programs in the community, and supportive culture for an active lifestyle). Discussion: Our findings provide insights for the planning of future multilevel walking intervention programs for older adults in Hong Kong. It is suggested that future walking intervention should include professionals (e.g., physiotherapist or coach) in a group setting, practical walking recommendations such as proper walking posture, and additional fun activities for older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Man Leung
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kai-Ling Ou
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3411-8035
| | - Pak-Kwong Chung
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stehr P, Rossmann C, Kremer T, Geppert J. Determinants of Physical Activity in Older Adults: Integrating Self-Concordance into the Theory of Planned Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5759. [PMID: 34072012 PMCID: PMC8199322 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), augmented by the concept of self-concordance (derived from self-determination theory, SDT), we conducted a study to identify the key determinants of physical activity in older adults. We applied structural equation modeling of telephone survey data from a random sample of adults aged 65 years and older living in Germany (N = 865). Relations of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) with intention strength and self-concordance of intention to be physically active were tested. Habit strength was analyzed as a moderator. Data analysis showed this model to be well-suited for explaining the intention to be physically active-especially for people with a weak habit. The influence of TPB components on intention would have been underestimated if we had investigated intention strength only, without considering the self-concordance of intention. While attitude and PBC had positive relations with a strong and self-determined intention, the subjective norm showed no relation with intention strength but, rather, with non-self-determined regulation forms. We conclude that the combined model provides a better theoretical foundation from which to explain physical activity intentions than does just one of the theories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Stehr
- Department of Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, 99089 Erfurt, Germany; (C.R.); (T.K.); (J.G.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Motivation for Physical Activity: Validation of the Dutch Version of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105328. [PMID: 34067770 PMCID: PMC8156727 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding motivation for exercise can be helpful in improving levels of physical activity. The Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS) measures distinct goal-oriented motivations. In this study selected measurement properties of the Dutch version (PALMS-D) are determined. Forward-backward translation was used for cross-cultural adaptation. Construct validity of the PALMS-D was assessed in five subsamples completing the PALMS-D and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). The study population consisted of five samples recruited from different populations; samples consisted of runners, hockey players, soccer players, participants in medical fitness, and a sedentary group of young adults with low activity. A total of 733 participants completed the questionnaire: 562 athletes and 171 non-athletes. Exploratory for Analysis confirmed the original eight factors. Internal consistency of the subscales was high, except for Others’ expectations. The a priori determined hypotheses related to differences between athletes participating in different sports were confirmed, as well as the hypothesis related to differences between amateur athletes, patients in medical fitness, and non-active participants. It was concluded that the Dutch version of the PALMS is an acceptable questionnaire with which to evaluate the individual motivation of athletes in the Netherlands, and discriminates between different leisure athletes, patients in medical fitness, and non-active youths.
Collapse
|
22
|
Jitnarin N, Poston WSC, Jahnke SA, Haddock CK, Kelley HN, Severson HH. A qualitative study to assess perceptions, barriers, and motivators supporting smokeless tobacco cessation in the US fire service. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251128. [PMID: 33974644 PMCID: PMC8112677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While firefighters currently have low smoking rates, rates of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use among this population are remarkably high and substantially greater than similar occupational groups, and the general population. This study explored determinants associated with SLT use, barriers to cessation, and motivators for SLT cessation in the fire service. Key informant interviews were conducted in 23 career firefighters who were current (n = 14) and former (n = 9) SLT users from across the U.S. Discussions were recorded and independently coded according to questions and themes. Major themes that developed among firefighters regarding SLT use determinants included positive perceptions of SLT products, social influences from their peers and family members, acceptability of SLT use in the fire service, and a coping resource for job stress. Firefighters discussed several barriers to SLT cessation, including intrapersonal barriers such as SLT use habits and its dependency, concerns about withdrawal symptoms; and social-environmental barriers including lack of support from health and other services providers, and lack of enforcement of existing tobacco policies regarding SLT use. Firefighters also mentioned both internal and external motivators for cessation. Internal motivators included self-motivation and their health concerns while external motivators included friends and family support, incentives or rewards, and price of SLT products. Findings provide unique perspectives from firefighters on factors that influence SLT use and barriers and motivators to SLT cessation. These are insufficiently assessed and considered by the fire service organizations and their health care providers. Thus, the organizations must understand these issues in order to mitigate barriers and motivate the personnel to quit using SLT. Information gained from firefighters who were current and former SLT users can be used to develop an effective, culturally-tailored intervention that is acceptable to fire service personnel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nattinee Jitnarin
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Walker S. C. Poston
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Sara A. Jahnke
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Christopher K. Haddock
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Hannah N. Kelley
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
The bidirectional relationship between sense of purpose in life and physical activity: a longitudinal study. J Behav Med 2021; 44:715-725. [PMID: 33891209 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
People with a greater sense of purpose in life may be more likely to engage in physical activity. At the same time, physical activity can contribute to a sense of purpose in life. The present research tests these hypotheses using a cross-lagged panel model in a nationally representative, longitudinal panel of American adults (N = 14,159, Mage = 68). An increase in sense of purpose in life was associated with higher physical activity four years later, above and beyond past activity levels. Physical activity was positively associated with future levels of sense of purpose in life, controlling for prior levels of purpose in life. Results held in a second national panel from the US with a nine-year follow-up (N = 4,041, Mage = 56). The findings demonstrate a bidirectional relationship between sense of purpose in life and physical activity in large samples of middle-aged and older adults tracked over time.
Collapse
|
24
|
Nguyen LM, Mertens L. Psychosocial and Social Environmental Factors as Moderators in the Relation between the Objective Environment and Older Adults' Active Transport. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052647. [PMID: 33808014 PMCID: PMC7967647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop tailored interventions aiming to encourage active transport among older adults, it is important to gain insights into the modifiable moderators affecting active transport behavior considering the neighborhood in which one lives. Therefore, this study aimed to determine which objective physical environmental factors have an impact on the active transport behavior of Belgian older adults (≥65 years old) and which psychosocial and social environmental moderators influence those relationships. Data from 503 independent living older adults who participated the Belgian Environmental Physical Activity Study in Seniors were included. Multilevel negative binominal regression models (participants nested in neighborhoods) with log link function were fitted for the analyses. Our resulted indicated that older adults living in an environment with higher residential density, higher park density, lower public transport density, and more entropy index had higher active transport levels. Furthermore, different types of neighborhood in which older adults live can lead to different moderators that are decisive for increasing older adults’ active transport behavior. Therefore, based on our results some recommendations towards tailored interventions could be given to increase older adults’ active transport behavior depending on the environment in which one lives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda M. Nguyen
- Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Lieze Mertens
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Brilliant SL, Claver M, LaPlace P, Schlesinger C. Physical Activity and Aging: Exploring Motivations of Masters Swimmers. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2021; 7:23337214211044658. [PMID: 35059471 PMCID: PMC8764399 DOI: 10.1177/23337214211044658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity benefits the health of older adults (e.g., lowering risk of cardiovascular disease, depression, dementia, and falls). However, less than one in four Americans meets guidelines for physical activity and inactivity increases with age. Masters athletes are exemplary because of their remarkable physical functioning. Swimming is a global, fast-growing sport in Masters athletics. This qualitative study explored motivations and barriers of 18 older adult members of a Masters swim club in Southern California. Guided by a primary research question: Why do Masters swimmers choose swim late in life, when most of their age cohort are becoming less physically active, semi-structured interviews delved into the lived experiences of the participants, and solicited peer feedback. Four main themes emerged: (1) I Just Love the Sensation of Being in the Water, (2) Tell Your Body What to Do Instead of the Other Way Around, (3) Make a Commitment to Your Friends That You're Going to be There, and (4) I've Never Gone This Long in My Life Without Swimming. Participants expressed longing and regret that they could not swim due to COVID risk and safety guidelines. These findings can be used to design community programs to promote lifelong physical activity participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Claver
- California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Maes I, Van Dyck D, Van Cauwenberg J, Mertens L. Age-related differences in the associations of physical environmental factors and psychosocial factors with accelerometer-assessed physical activity. Health Place 2020; 67:102492. [PMID: 33316601 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine age-related differences in the associations of physical environmental and psychosocial factors with accelerometer-assessed MVPA across three age groups (adolescents, adults, and older adults). Therefore, data from three studies with a comparable study protocol were combined. Results showed that both physical environmental factors and psychosocial factors were most strongly associated with MVPA in older adults. Consequently, health behavior interventions for older adults should focus on physical environmental factors as well as psychosocial factors. While adolescents and adults may benefit less from such interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Maes
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 4k3, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lieze Mertens
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 4k3, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
"It's Better Together": A Nested Longitudinal Study Examining the Benefits of Walking Regularly With Peers Versus Primarily Alone in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2020; 29:455-465. [PMID: 33276326 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The authors examined whether purposeful walking with peers at least once a week contributes to better behavioral and health outcomes in older adults than primarily walking alone. The authors used a longitudinal cohort design and recruited participants aged 60 years and older (N = 136) at the start of a 16-week walking intervention. Participants who walked on average at least once a week in the final 8 weeks of the intervention were included in the analysis (N = 79; 66 females, Mage [SD] = 77.73 [6.91]). The authors found that autonomous motivation, walking self-efficacy, functional capacity, body fat, and physical activity improved more in the walking with peers group compared with the walking alone group, after controlling for whether participants lived alone/with others and their health status. The results extend current literature by providing longitudinal evidence for the added benefits of regular peer-accompanied walking in older adults and highlight the importance of investing in peer-supported interventions.
Collapse
|
28
|
Maxwell-Smith C, Hagger MS, Kane R, Cohen PA, Tan J, Platell C, Makin GB, Saunders C, Nightingale S, Lynch C, Sardelic F, McCormick J, Hardcastle SJ. Psychological correlates of physical activity and exercise preferences in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan cancer survivors. Psychooncology 2020; 30:221-230. [PMID: 32920935 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in cancer survivors have often adopted a "one-size-fits-all" approach and may benefit from being tailored to psychological constructs associated with behavior. The study objective was to investigate the exercise preferences and psychological constructs related to PA among cancer survivors. METHODS Posttreatment colorectal, endometrial, and breast cancer survivors (n = 183) living in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas completed survey measures of PA, exercise preferences, attitudes, self-efficacy, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intention toward PA. RESULTS A structural equation model with adequate fit and quality indices revealed that instrumental attitude and self-efficacy were related to PA intention. Intention was related to behavior and mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and behavior. Preferred exercise intensity was related to self-efficacy, PBC, attitudes, and intention, while preferred exercise company was related to self-efficacy and PBC. Participants preferred moderate-intensity PA (71%), specifically self-paced (52%) walking (65%) in an outdoor environment (58%). CONCLUSIONS Since instrumental attitude and self-efficacy were associated with PA, incorporating persuasive communications targeting attitudes in PA interventions may promote PA participation. As cancer survivors who prefer low-intensity exercise and exercising with others report lower self-efficacy and PBC, interventions targeting confidence and successful experience in this group may also be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Maxwell-Smith
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Martin S Hagger
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, USA.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Robert Kane
- School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul A Cohen
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jason Tan
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Cameron Platell
- St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Craig Lynch
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Sardelic
- Tamara Private Hospital, Tamworth, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Sarah J Hardcastle
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jones SA, Leeman J, Evenson KR. Physical Activity Facilitators and Barriers Among Retired Women in North Carolina: A Qualitative Study. N C Med J 2020; 81:284-292. [PMID: 32900886 DOI: 10.18043/ncm.81.5.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are less likely than men to be physically active and more likely to reduce their physical activity as they age. The objective of this research was to understand barriers that might prevent North Carolina women from being physically active after retirement as well as aspects of retirement that might facilitate a more physically active lifestyle to inform intervention strategies applicable to retired women.METHOD Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 recently retired women living in North Carolina. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Content analysis was used to identify themes related to barriers and facilitators of physical activity after retirement.RESULTS Six themes were identified. One theme was the development of leisure-time physical activity habits over the lifespan. Five other themes described how physical activity after retirement was influenced by prior occupational physical activity, concurrent life transitions (e.g., becoming a caregiver), health, social support, and the community environment.LIMITATIONS Women in this study were active participants in community organizations, which might make their experiences unique from those of women who are not engaged with their communities. However, similarities in themes in this and other qualitative studies corroborate the broader transferability of findings.CONCLUSION Interventions to promote physical activity among retired North Carolina women should consider emphasizing health benefits of physical activity and improving walking environments and access to physical activity facilities. Local residents should be involved in intervention design to address unique barriers among women who retire from physically demanding jobs or become caregivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney A Jones
- epidemiologist, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Leeman
- associate professor, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kelly R Evenson
- professor, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Physical activity and retirement: original analysis of responses to the English Adult Active Lives Survey. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:871-880. [PMID: 32725395 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Opportunities for older adults to do physical activity may depend on other commitments. We wanted to see if reported physical activity was higher or lower among older adults depending on work status: full-time, part-time work or retired. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of The Active Lives Survey 2016/17 in England. The dataset was used to see how active people were depending on employment or retirement status. Types of physical activity (PA) considered were: leisure, gardening, active travel and combined total, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, disability, rurality and deprivation in models using hurdle regression. Analysis was divided into mostly working age (under 65) or mostly retired (age 65 +) to have sensitivity to the likely transition point. RESULTS Total PA was significantly greater for retired persons compared to both full- and part-time workers age 55-64, while being retired or working part-time at age 65-74 meant more PA. People did more leisure or gardening with less work, but active travel decreased with fewer work hours, at all ages. Retirement meant more leisure and gardening PA but less active travel. CONCLUSIONS Demand for opportunities to engage in leisure and gardening PA appears to be high among retired people. Greater promotion of active travel in this cohort may be possible.
Collapse
|
31
|
Rai R, Jongenelis MI, Jackson B, Newton RU, Pettigrew S. Retirement and Physical Activity: The Opportunity of a Lifetime or the Beginning of the End? J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:365-375. [PMID: 31743090 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Retirement has been identified as a life transition that is important in determining older adults' physical activity levels. The present study examined the factors associated with retirement that affect physical activity participation among older adults. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 425 retired Australians aged 60 years and older. Physical activity was assessed objectively, using accelerometers. Two categories of factors affecting physical activity participation following retirement were identified: the various physical and psychological changes in later life that can encourage or discourage physical activity and the adaptation processes undertaken by older people in response to these changes. The adoption of either a gain or loss approach to retirement and aging appeared to be the most influential adaptation factor affecting physical activity participation. The results suggest that intervention approaches should aim to foster more positive attitudes to aging and retirement and promote physical activity at all stages in life.
Collapse
|
32
|
Association between physical function and various patterns of physical activity in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:1017-1024. [PMID: 31377998 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve physical function, physical activity (PA) guidelines for older adults recommend completing PA in bouts of 10 min or more. Spontaneous PA (< 10 min) can also benefit older adults. However, a paucity of research exists examining if shorter bouts of PA are associated with greater physical function. AIM To determine the association between various patterns of PA and the likelihood of greater physical function in older adults. METHODS Older adults from the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included for analysis. PA lasting 1, 5, 10, 30, and 60 min was quantified using accelerometers. Physical function was assessed using a Likert scale reflecting the self-reported capability to complete 11 tasks. A single function score was then computed using factor analysis. Logistic regression analyses calculated the association between PA bout length and the likelihood of above average function. RESULTS PA performed in 1-min (odds ratio [OR] 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.03), 5-min (OR 1.02; CI 1.01-1.03), or 10-min bouts (OR 1.02; CI 1.01-1.03) was associated with greater physical function following adjustment for confounders. When scaled to represent an accumulation of 10 min of MVPA, likelihoods increased for both 1-min ([OR] 1.25; 95% [CI] 1.11-1.39) and 5-min (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.08-1.37) bouts. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest bouts of PA lasting 10 min or shorter in duration are associated with greater physical function in older adults.
Collapse
|
33
|
Lee S, Lee C, An J. Psycho-social correlates of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among older adults: a multivariate analysis. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2020; 17:6. [PMID: 32158506 PMCID: PMC7057464 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-020-00238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Still, a considerable number of older adults hardly meet the daily physical activity recommendation. The current study examined how the elderly's attitudinal and perceptional aspects were associated with their Leisure-Time Physical Activity (LTPA) participation in order to provide insight into the physical activity promotion. Methods Study used a total sample of 10,700 older adults aged 65+ drawn from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 2014-2015 in USA. Multiple questionnaire items were employed to assess older adults' attitudes and outlook across different life domains. LTPA participation was measured using two indicators-walking and sports/exercise. A technique of adjusted multivariate analysis was employed to examine the relationships between predictors and outcome variables. Results Results indicated that psychosocial indicators were significantly associated with older adults' LTPA: self-perception of ageing, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, spiritual engagement, perceived social tie and neighbourhood safety; while measures of perceived social relations and neighbourhood safety demonstrated different associations with walking and sports/exercise on its intensity. Conclusions Health professionals should be well-informed about psychosocial roles, either as facilitators or constraints, in older adults' physical activity participation. Incorporation of psychosocial intervention into physical activity promotion can help older adults develop positive attitudes and inner strength linked to their health behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunwoo Lee
- 1Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Třída Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Chungsup Lee
- 2Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA
| | - Jaesung An
- 3Department of Recreation, Sport and Tourism, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yu R, So MC, Tong C, Ho F, Woo J. Older Adults' Perspective towards Participation in a Multicomponent Frailty Prevention Program: A Qualitative Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:758-764. [PMID: 32744573 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore pre-frail and frail older Chinese people's perspectives on a multi-component, group-based frailty prevention program in Hong Kong, along with their views regarding factors determining participation and sustainability of such program. DESIGN Seven focus groups were conducted. SETTING Community elderly centres. PARTICIPANTS A total of 38 community-dwelling older people aged 54 - 84 (mean age, 64.9 years; female, 58%; married, 68%; retired, 97%) screened with pre-frailty or frailty completing a 12-week multi-component (involving physical, cognitive, and social activities), group-based frailty prevention program were interviewed. MEASUREMENTS Thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS Using thematic analysis, perceived health benefits, peer support and social networking were identified as key motivators concerning intention to participate in the frailty prevention program; whereas perceived health benefits, socializing, sense of connectedness, expert guidance and sense of dignity were identified as key motivators concerning program adherence. CONCLUSION Majority of participants provided positive feedbacks about the multi-component intervention program in regards to their physical health, psychological well-being and social life. These findings highlighted several important factors for consideration in future design of frailty interventions regarding the needs of pre-frail and frail older adults, which could help to motivate and sustain their participation in community-based frailty prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Yu
- Ruby Yu, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China, Tel: (852) 3943 5142, Fax: (852) 2637 9215, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
AbstractPhysical activity is increasingly positioned as playing an important role in preventing and mitigating many of the decrements associated with biological ageing. As a result, public health messages encourage older people to remain active in later life. Despite this, physical activity participation rates among older adults are low. This may be in part related to the conventional approach to understanding physical activity participation as a product of motivation. We contend that this approach does not allow for a deeper exploration of the wider structural, historical and discursive contexts in which physical activity participation occurs. Therefore, we propose that physical activity can be reconceptualised as a career. Through a synthesis of findings from four studies exploring physical activity experiences in later life, we demonstrate that beginning and maintaining a physical activity career requires a disposition towards physical activity, the legitimation of physically active practices and dealing with contingencies. In addition, we demonstrate that maintaining a physical activity career requires investment and deliberation to adapt physical activity practices continually within an individual's own personal biography. As such, we conclude that current strategies to promote physical activity to older adults are unlikely to result in increased levels of participation. To promote physical activity to older adults an understanding of how structural, cultural and historical contexts influence participation is needed.
Collapse
|
36
|
Spiteri K, Broom D, Bekhet AH, de Caro JX, Laventure B, Grafton K. Barriers and Motivators of Physical Activity Participation in Middle-aged and Older-adults - A Systematic Review. J Aging Phys Act 2019; 27:929-944. [PMID: 31141447 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2018-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the difference in barriers and motivators between middle-age and older adults could contribute toward the development of age-specific health promotion interventions. The aim of this review was to synthesize the literature on barriers and motivators for physical activity in middle-aged (50-64 years) and older adults (65-70 years). The review examined qualitative and quantitative studies using the theoretical domain framework as the guiding theory. The search generated 9400 results from seven databases. A total of fifty-five articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Results indicate that barriers are comparable across the two age groups with environmental factors and resources being the most commonly identified barriers. In older adults, social influences, reinforcement and assistance in managing change were the most identified motivators. Middle-aged identified goals settings, believe that activity will be beneficial and social influences were most important. Findings can be used by professionals to encourage engagement with and adherence to physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl Spiteri
- 1 Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Ministry for Family, Children and Social Solidarity
| | - David Broom
- 2 Faculty of Health and Wellbeing; Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | | | - Kate Grafton
- 2 Faculty of Health and Wellbeing; Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rammant E, Fonteyne V, Decaestecker K, Bultijnck R, Deforche B, Pieters R, Ost P, Verhaeghe S, Van Hecke A. Understanding physical activity behavior in patients with bladder cancer before and after radical cystectomy: a qualitative interview study. Clin Rehabil 2018; 33:750-761. [PMID: 30514109 DOI: 10.1177/0269215518815531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore the determinants of physical activity in patients with bladder cancer before and after radical cystectomy. DESIGN: A qualitative research design using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: A total of 30 interviews were conducted with people diagnosed with bladder cancer and treated with radical cystectomy at Ghent University Hospital. MAIN MEASURES: The interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Framework analysis with constant comparison between and within interviews was applied until final topics were derived from interpreting the data. RESULTS: Physical activity behavior in patients with bladder cancer is determined multifactorial with condition-related (e.g. urinary symptoms, comorbidities), therapy-related (e.g. fatigue, diarrhea), patient-related (e.g. outcome expectations, coping skills, definitions of physical activity), social/economic-related (e.g. social support, attractive environment) and health system-related (e.g. physicians' advice, information) factors. CONCLUSION: The results of this study can guide the development of theory-based behavior change interventions to increase physical activity in bladder cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elke Rammant
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valérie Fonteyne
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Renée Bultijnck
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- 4 Unit Health Promotion, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,5 Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ronny Pieters
- 3 Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Piet Ost
- 2 Department of Radiation Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Verhaeghe
- 6 Department of Public Health, University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Hecke
- 6 Department of Public Health, University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jones SA, Li Q, Aiello AE, O'Rand AM, Evenson KR. Correlates of changes in walking during the retirement transition: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Prev Med Rep 2018; 11:221-230. [PMID: 30210994 PMCID: PMC6129965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Retirement from employment involves disruption in daily routines and has been associated with positive and negative changes in physical activity. Walking is the most common physical activity among older Americans. The factors that influence changes in walking after retirement are unknown. The study objective was to identify correlates of within-person change in recreational walking (for leisure) and transport walking (to get places) during the retirement transition among a multi-ethnic cohort of adults (N = 928) from six US communities. Correlates were measured at the individual (e.g., gender), interpersonal (e.g., social support), and community (e.g., density of walking destinations) levels at study exams between 2000 and 2012. Comparing pre- and post-retirement measures (average 4.5 years apart), 50% of participants increased recreational walking by 60 min or more per week, 31% decreased by 60 min or more per week, and 19% maintained their recreational walking. Forty-one percent of participants increased transport walking by 60 min or more per week, 40% decreased by 60 min or more per week, and 19% maintained their transport walking after retirement. Correlates differed for recreational and transport walking and for increases compared to decreases in walking. Self-rated health, chronic conditions, and perceptions of the neighborhood walking environment were associated with changes in both types of walking after retirement. Further, some correlates differed by gender and retirement age. Findings can inform the targeting of interventions to promote walking during the retirement transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney A. Jones
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W. Franklin St., Suite 410, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Quefeng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, CB#7420, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7420, USA
| | - Allison E. Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W. Franklin St., Suite 410, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Angela M. O'Rand
- Department of Sociology, Duke University, 417 Chapel Dr. Box 90088, Durham, NC 27708-0088, USA
| | - Kelly R. Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W. Franklin St., Suite 410, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
‘I don't want to be, feel old’: older Canadian men's perceptions and experiences of physical activity. AGEING & SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x18000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRelatively few older adults are physically active despite extensive research exploring barriers and facilitators and concomitant interventions designed to enhance participation rates. Building on the growing literature that considers the subjective experience of being physically active, we explored the meanings that older Canadian men attributed to physical activity broadly defined. Thus, we examined their experiences and perceptions of exercise, sport and/or leisure-time physical activities. Data are presented from qualitative interviews with 22 community-dwelling Canadian men aged 67–90. Our analysis resulted in three overarching categories that subsumed the men's understanding of physical activity. ‘I do it for my health’ described how the men stated that their primary reason for engaging in exercise was to maintain their health and body functionality so that they could age well and continue to participate in sport and leisure. ‘It feels good’ referred to the various ways that the men derived pleasure from being active, including the physical sensations, psychological benefits and social connections they derived from their participation. ‘It gets tougher’ detailed the ways that the men were finding physical activity to be increasingly difficult as a result of the onset of health problems, declining body functionality and the social realities of ageing. We discuss our findings in light of the extant literature concerning age relations, ageism, and the third and fourth ages.
Collapse
|
40
|
Using formative research with older adults to inform a community physical activity programme: Get Healthy, Get Active. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2018; 20:e60. [PMID: 29976266 PMCID: PMC8512642 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423618000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this formative study was to explore current knowledge and attitudes towards physical activity, as well as perceived barriers, facilitators and opportunities for physical activity participation among older adults living in the community. The findings have subsequently informed the design, delivery and recruitment strategies of a local community physical activity intervention programme which forms part of Sport England’s national Get Healthy, Get Active initiative. Background There is a growing public health concern regarding the amount of time spent in sedentary and physical activity behaviours within the older adult population. Methods Between March and June 2016, 34 participants took part in one of six focus groups as part of a descriptive formative study. A homogenous purposive sample of 28 community dwelling white, British older adults (six male), aged 65–90 years (M=78, SD=7 years) participated in one of five focus group sessions. An additional convenience pragmatic sub-sample of six participants (three male), aged 65–90 years (M=75, SD=4 years), recruited from an assisted living retirement home participated in a sixth focus group. Questions for focus groups were structured around the PRECEDE stage of the PRECEDE–PROCEDE model of health programme design, implementation and evaluation. Questions addressed knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards physical activity, as well as views on barriers and opportunities for physical activity participation. All data were transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was then conducted with outcomes represented as pen profiles. Findings Consistent views regarding both the potential physical and psychosocial benefits of physical activity were noted regardless of living status. The themes of, opportunities and awareness for physical activity participation, cost, transport, location and season/weather varied between participants living in an assisted living retirement home and community dwelling older adults. Further comparative research on the physical activity requirements of older adults living in assisted living versus community settings are warranted.
Collapse
|
41
|
Kosteli MC, Williams SE, Cumming J. Exploring Imagery as a Technique for Promoting Physical Activity in Older Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0276236618767083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise imagery can be beneficial for insufficiently active people as a means to promote physical activity (PA) engagement and positive psychological states. The present study explored imagery use in physically active and insufficiently active older adults. The revised applied model of deliberate imagery use (RAMDIU) was used as a framework to explain When, Where, Why, What, and How older adults image and explored whether the Who component of the model (older adults/PA status) interacts with these different components; 37 ( Mage = 64, SD = 5.2; 17 females) participants representing a range of PA levels took part in one of seven focus groups. Thematic analysis provided support for RAMDIU, with motivation, memory, and planning identified as the most common imagery functions, and scenery and reward images as the most commonly reported imagery content. Although some similarities exist, older adults tend to use imagery for unique functions compared with younger counterparts (e.g., to improve memory). Understanding the use of imagery in older adults will help to tailor PA interventions for promoting healthy aging in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah E. Williams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Jennifer Cumming
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Stathokostas L, Petrella AFM, Blunt W, Petrella RJ. Perceptions of exercise screening among older adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 43:580-586. [PMID: 29334614 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Prephysical activity screening is important for older adults' participating in physical activity. Unfortunately, many older adults face barriers to exercise participation and thus, may not complete proper physical activity screening. The purpose of this project was to conduct a thematic analysis of perceptions and experiences of community-dwelling older adults regarding prephysical activity screening (i.e., Get Active Questionnaire (GAQ) and a standardized exercise stress test). A convenience sample of adults (male n = 58, female n = 54) aged 75 ± 7 years living in the City of London, Ontario, Canada, was used. Participants completed a treadmill stress test and the GAQ at a research laboratory for community-based referrals. One week later, participants completed the GAQ again and were asked questions by a research assistant about their perceptions of the screening process. Thematic analysis of the responses was conducted. The results indicated that older adults view physical activity screening as acceptable, but not always necessary. Also, the experiences expressed by this sample of older adults indicated that physical activity screening can contribute to continued confidence (through reassurance) and can contribute to increased motivation (through yearly fitness results) in exercise participation. In conclusion, older adults may perceive screening as supportive in exercise adoption, if screening is simple, convenient, and supports older adults' motivation and confidence to exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liza Stathokostas
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Andrea F M Petrella
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Wendy Blunt
- b Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
| | - Robert J Petrella
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.,b Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6G 2M1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
von Berens Å, Koochek A, Nydahl M, Fielding RA, Gustafsson T, Kirn DR, Cederholm T, Södergren M. "Feeling More Self-Confident, Cheerful and Safe". Experiences from a Health-Promoting Intervention in Community Dwelling Older Adults - A Qualitative Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:541-548. [PMID: 29582895 PMCID: PMC6816040 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies show that regular exercise in combination with nutritional support can be effective in managing sarcopenia, which is age-related involuntary loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Qualitative investigations of participants' experiences from interventions in this domain are scarce. In this study, we explored older persons' experiences from an intervention designed to prevent sarcopenia, with the aim of capturing the participants' thoughts and opinions. DESIGN A qualitative study embedded in the multicenter randomized clinical trial The Vitality and Vigor in the Elderly study, VIVE2. Focus group interviews were conducted. Manifest and latent content analyses were performed. PARTICIPANTS Community dwelling older adults (n=20) 71-86 years of age with minor limitations in mobility. RESULTS The experiences from the intervention were categorized and interpreted in one overall theme "Feeling more self-confident, cheerful and safe". The theme encompasses the categories psychological effects of participating in the intervention, physical effects of participating in the intervention, the importance of social support and the importance of a tailored set-up. The participants described their motives for participating in the intervention as being based on concerns regarding the negative health effects of continuing a sedentary lifestyle, difficulties of getting started on their own and lack of confidence in accomplishing change on their own. Participants also expressed that one main objective for participating was to lose weight. CONCLUSION In this study we have captured the experiences of older adults with minor mobility limitations who participated in a lifestyle intervention. The experiences are interpreted in one overall theme "Feeling more self-confident, cheerful and safe". The central understanding of the participants' experiences was that the intervention affected them in several ways, both psychologically and physically, and that supporting factors included the social support, which became a prerequisite for success. A noticeable finding was the discrepancy between the motive of the participants, to lose weight, and the aim of the study, to improve muscle function. The expectation to lose weight seems to reflect what is commonly known as to be healthy. To our knowledge, at least in Sweden, there are no campaigns or public information highlighting the risks of sarcopenia and the complex issue of if, and when weight loss is desirable for older individuals. This finding highlights the importance of providing such information to this target group. The findings in this study provide valuable knowledge for research teams, practitioners and decision makers when designing and setting objectives for health-promoting interventions for older individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Å von Berens
- Åsa von Berens, Rd, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University. Uppsala Science Park, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Self-Regulatory Imagery and Physical Activity in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Social-Cognitive Perspective. J Aging Phys Act 2017; 26:14-24. [PMID: 28338385 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2016-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Limited research has investigated exercise imagery use in middle-aged and older adults and its relationship with affective and behavioral correlates. The study examined the association between self-regulatory imagery and physical activity (PA) through key social cognitive variables. Middle-aged and older adults (N = 299; M age = 59.73 years, SD = 7.73, range = 50 to 80) completed self-report measures assessing self-regulatory imagery use, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, perceived barriers, self-regulatory behavior, enjoyment, and PA levels. Path analysis supported a model (χ² [14] = 21.76, p = .08, CFI = .99, TLI = .97, SRMR = .03, RMSEA = .04) whereby self-regulatory imagery positively predicted self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and self-regulatory behaviors. Furthermore, self-regulatory imagery indirectly predicted barriers, outcome expectations, self-regulation, enjoyment, and PA. This research highlights self-regulatory imagery as an effective strategy in modifying exercise-related cognitions and behaviors. Incorporating social cognitive constructs into the design of imagery interventions may increase PA engagement.
Collapse
|
45
|
Van Dyck D, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I. Which psychological, social and physical environmental characteristics predict changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviors during early retirement? A longitudinal study. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3242. [PMID: 28507817 PMCID: PMC5429733 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of healthy ageing, it is necessary to identify opportunities to implement health interventions in order to develop an active lifestyle with sufficient physical activity and limited sedentary time in middle-aged and older adults. The transition to retirement is such an opportunity, as individuals tend to establish new routines at the start of retirement. Before health interventions can be developed, the psychological, social and physical environmental determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviors during early retirement should be identified, ideally with longitudinal studies. The aim of this paper was first to examine whether psychological, social and physical environmental factors at the start of retirement predict longitudinal changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviors during the first years of retirement. Second, moderating effects of gender and educational levels were examined. METHODS This longitudinal study was conducted in Flanders, Belgium. In total, 180 recently retired (>1 month, <2 years at baseline) adults completed a postal questionnaire twice (in 2012-2013 and two years later in 2014-2015). The validated questionnaire assessed socio-demographic information, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and psychological, social and physical environmental characteristics. Multiple moderated hierarchic regression analyses were conducted in SPSS 22.0. RESULTS Higher perceived residential density (p < 0.001) and lower aesthetics (p = 0.08) predicted an increase in active transportation (adjusted R2 = 0.18). Higher baseline self-efficacy was associated with an increase in leisure-time physical activity (p = 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.13). A more positive perception of old age (p = 0.04) and perceiving less street connectivity (p = 0.001) were associated with an increase in screen time (adjusted R2 = 0.06). Finally, higher baseline levels of modeling from friends (p = 0.06) and lower perceived land use mix access (p = 0.09) predicted an increase in car use (adjusted R2 = 0.06). A few moderating effects, mainly of educational level, were found. DISCUSSION Walkability characteristics (perceived residential density) and self-efficacy at the start of retirement are the most important predictors of longitudinal changes in active transportation and leisure-time physical activity. Few moderating effects were found, so health interventions at the start of retirement focusing on self-efficacy and specific walkability characteristics could be effective to increase physical activity in recently retired adults. No firm conclusions can be drawn on the importance of the examined predictors to explain change in car use and screen time, possibly other factors like the home environment, or automatic processes and habit strength are more important to explain sedentary behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delfien Van Dyck
- Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kosteli MC, Heneghan NR, Roskell C, Williams SE, Adab P, Dickens AP, Enocson A, Fitzmaurice DA, Jolly K, Jordan R, Greenfield S, Cumming J. Barriers and enablers of physical activity engagement for patients with COPD in primary care. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:1019-1031. [PMID: 28405162 PMCID: PMC5378459 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s119806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Given that physical activity (PA) has a positive impact on COPD symptoms and prognosis, this study examined the factors that both encourage and limit participation in PA for individuals with COPD in a primary care setting from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Methods A purposive sample of 26 individuals with a range of COPD severity (age range: 50–89 years; males =15) were recruited from primary care to participate in one of four focus groups. Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify key concepts related to their self-efficacy beliefs. Results Several barriers and enablers closely related to self-efficacy beliefs and symptom severity were identified. The main barriers were health related (fatigue, mobility problems, breathing issues caused by the weather), psychological (embarrassment, fear, frustration/disappointment), attitudinal (feeling in control of their condition, PA perception, older age perception), and motivational. The main enabling factors were related to motivation (autonomous or controlled), attitudes, self-regulation, and performance accomplishments. Clinical implications When designing interventions for individuals with COPD, it is important to understand the patient-specific social cognitive influences on PA participation. This information can then inform individually tailored management planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peymane Adab
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew P Dickens
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alexandra Enocson
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - David A Fitzmaurice
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kate Jolly
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rachel Jordan
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sheila Greenfield
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hernandez DC, Johnston CA. Individual and Environmental Barriers to Successful Aging: The Importance of Considering Environmental Supports. Am J Lifestyle Med 2017; 11:21-23. [PMID: 30202307 PMCID: PMC6124846 DOI: 10.1177/1559827616672617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cornerstone to successful aging is maintaining a consistent physical activity routine and healthy diet. This is particular important for aging adults to preserve their independence. However, for low-income aging adults there are significant individual and environmental barriers that reduce their ability to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Understanding how environmental supports can be found in existing programs geared toward older adults is a way to insure long-term behavioral changes.
Collapse
|