1
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Weinand K, Sakaue S, Nathan A, Jonsson AH, Zhang F, Watts GFM, Al Suqri M, Zhu Z, Rao DA, Anolik JH, Brenner MB, Donlin LT, Wei K, Raychaudhuri S. The chromatin landscape of pathogenic transcriptional cell states in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4650. [PMID: 38821936 PMCID: PMC11143375 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Synovial tissue inflammation is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent work has identified prominent pathogenic cell states in inflamed RA synovial tissue, such as T peripheral helper cells; however, the epigenetic regulation of these states has yet to be defined. Here, we examine genome-wide open chromatin at single-cell resolution in 30 synovial tissue samples, including 12 samples with transcriptional data in multimodal experiments. We identify 24 chromatin classes and predict their associated transcription factors, including a CD8 + GZMK+ class associated with EOMES and a lining fibroblast class associated with AP-1. By integrating with an RA tissue transcriptional atlas, we propose that these chromatin classes represent 'superstates' corresponding to multiple transcriptional cell states. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of this RA tissue chromatin atlas through the associations between disease phenotypes and chromatin class abundance, as well as the nomination of classes mediating the effects of putatively causal RA genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Weinand
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Saori Sakaue
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aparna Nathan
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna Helena Jonsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology and Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gerald F M Watts
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Majd Al Suqri
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepak A Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Michael B Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura T Donlin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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2
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Bemark M, Pitcher MJ, Dionisi C, Spencer J. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue: a microbiota-driven hub of B cell immunity. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:211-223. [PMID: 38402045 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The diverse gut microbiota, which is associated with mucosal health and general wellbeing, maintains gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) in a chronically activated state, including sustainment of germinal centers in a context of high antigenic load. This influences the rules for B cell engagement with antigen and the potential consequences. Recent data have highlighted differences between GALT and other lymphoid tissues. For example, GALT propagates IgA responses against glycans that show signs of having been generated in germinal centers. Other findings suggest that humans are among those species where GALT supports the diversification, propagation, and possibly selection of systemic B cells. Here, we review novel findings that identify GALT as distinctive, and able to support these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Bemark
- Department of Translational Medicine - Human Immunology, Lund University, J Waldenströms gata 35, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Michael J Pitcher
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Chiara Dionisi
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jo Spencer
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, St Thomas' Street, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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3
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Ota M, Hoehn KB, Fernandes-Braga W, Ota T, Aranda CJ, Friedman S, Miranda-Waldetario MG, Redes J, Suprun M, Grishina G, Sampson HA, Malbari A, Kleinstein SH, Sicherer SH, de Lafaille MAC. CD23 +IgG1 + memory B cells are poised to switch to pathogenic IgE production in food allergy. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadi0673. [PMID: 38324641 PMCID: PMC11008013 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi0673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Food allergy is caused by allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, but little is known about the B cell memory of persistent IgE responses. Here, we describe, in human pediatric peanut allergy, a population of CD23+IgG1+ memory B cells arising in type 2 immune responses that contain high-affinity peanut-specific clones and generate IgE-producing cells upon activation. The frequency of CD23+IgG1+ memory B cells correlated with circulating concentrations of IgE in children with peanut allergy. A corresponding population of "type 2-marked" IgG1+ memory B cells was identified in single-cell RNA sequencing experiments. These cells differentially expressed interleukin-4 (IL-4)- and IL-13-regulated genes, such as FCER2/CD23+, IL4R, and germline IGHE, and carried highly mutated B cell receptors (BCRs). In children with high concentrations of serum peanut-specific IgE, high-affinity B cells that bind the main peanut allergen Ara h 2 mapped to the population of "type 2-marked" IgG1+ memory B cells and included clones with convergent BCRs across different individuals. Our findings indicate that CD23+IgG1+ memory B cells transcribing germline IGHE are a unique memory population containing precursors of high-affinity pathogenic IgE-producing cells that are likely to be involved in the long-term persistence of peanut allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyo Ota
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), and Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISMMS; New York, NY. 10029, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Hoehn
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Weslley Fernandes-Braga
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), and Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISMMS; New York, NY. 10029, USA
| | - Takayuki Ota
- Department of Dermatology, Janssen Research & Development LLC; San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Carlos J. Aranda
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), and Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISMMS; New York, NY. 10029, USA
| | - Sara Friedman
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), and Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISMMS; New York, NY. 10029, USA
| | - Mariana G.C. Miranda-Waldetario
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), and Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISMMS; New York, NY. 10029, USA
| | - Jamie Redes
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), and Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISMMS; New York, NY. 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, ISMMS; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Maria Suprun
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Galina Grishina
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hugh A. Sampson
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alefiyah Malbari
- Kravis Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, ISMMS; New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Yale University; New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Scott H. Sicherer
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Maria A. Curotto de Lafaille
- Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS); New York, NY 10029, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), and Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, ISMMS; New York, NY. 10029, USA
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4
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Koenig JFE, Knudsen NPH, Phelps A, Bruton K, Hoof I, Lund G, Libera DD, Lund A, Christensen LH, Glass DR, Walker TD, Fang A, Waserman S, Jordana M, Andersen PS. Type 2-polarized memory B cells hold allergen-specific IgE memory. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadi0944. [PMID: 38324637 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adi0944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies mediate pathology in diseases such as allergic rhinitis and food allergy. Memory B cells (MBCs) contribute to circulating IgE by regenerating IgE-producing plasma cells upon allergen encounter. Here, we report a population of type 2-polarized MBCs defined as CD23hi, IL-4Rαhi, and CD32low at both the transcriptional and surface protein levels. These MBC2s are enriched in IgG1- and IgG4-expressing cells while constitutively expressing germline transcripts for IgE. Allergen-specific B cells from patients with allergic rhinitis and food allergy were enriched in MBC2s. Furthermore, MBC2s generated allergen-specific IgE during sublingual immunotherapy, thereby identifying these cells as a major reservoir for IgE. The identification of MBC2s provides insights into the maintenance of IgE memory, which is detrimental in allergic diseases but could be beneficial in protection against venoms and helminths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua F E Koenig
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | - Allyssa Phelps
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Kelly Bruton
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ilka Hoof
- ALK-Abelló A/S, 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | - Danielle Della Libera
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | | | | | - David R Glass
- Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Tina D Walker
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Allison Fang
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Susan Waserman
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Manel Jordana
- Schroeder Allergy and Immunology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
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5
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Stabell SH, Renzi A, Nilsen HR, Antonsen OH, Fosse JH, Haraldsen G, Sundnes O. Detection of native, activated Notch receptors in normal human apocrine-bearing skin and in hidradenitis suppurativa. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14977. [PMID: 38060347 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Notch signalling has generated considerable interest as a pathogenetic factor and a drug target in a range of human diseases. The gamma-secretase complex is crucial in the activation of Notch receptors by cleaving the intracellular domain allowing nuclear translocation. In recent years several mutations in gamma-secretase components have been discovered in patients with familial hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). This has led to hypotheses that impaired Notch signalling could be an important driver for HS in general, not only in the monogenic variants. However, no study has examined in situ Notch activation per se in HS, and some reports with conflicting results have instead been based on expression of Notch receptors or indirect measures of Notch target gene expression. In this study we established immunostaining protocols to identify native, activated Notch receptors in human skin tissue. The ability to detect changes in Notch activation was confirmed with an ex vivo skin organ model in which signal was reduced or obliterated in tissue exposed to a gamma-secretase inhibitor. Using these methods on skin biopsies from healthy volunteers and a general HS cohort we demonstrated for the first time the distribution of active Notch signalling in human apocrine-bearing skin. Quantification of activated NOTCH1 & NOTCH2 revealed similar levels in non-lesional and peri-lesional HS to that of healthy controls, thus ruling out a general defect in Notch activation in HS patients. We did find a variable but significant reduction of activated Notch in epidermis of lesional HS with a distribution that appeared related to the extent of surrounding tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri Hansen Stabell
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anastasia Renzi
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Guttorm Haraldsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Sundnes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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6
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Budeus B, Kibler A, Küppers R. Human IgM-expressing memory B cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1308378. [PMID: 38143767 PMCID: PMC10748387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of T cell dependent (TD) humoral immune responses is the generation of long-lived memory B cells. The generation of these cells occurs primarily in the germinal center (GC) reaction, where antigen-activated B cells undergo affinity maturation as a major consequence of the combined processes of proliferation, somatic hypermutation of their immunoglobulin V (IgV) region genes, and selection for improved affinity of their B-cell antigen receptors. As many B cells also undergo class-switching to IgG or IgA in these TD responses, there was traditionally a focus on class-switched memory B cells in both murine and human studies on memory B cells. However, it has become clear that there is also a large subset of IgM-expressing memory B cells, which have important phenotypic and functional similarities but also differences to class-switched memory B cells. There is an ongoing discussion about the origin of distinct subsets of human IgM+ B cells with somatically mutated IgV genes. We argue here that the vast majority of human IgM-expressing B cells with somatically mutated IgV genes in adults is indeed derived from GC reactions, even though a generation of some mostly lowly mutated IgM+ B cells from other differentiation pathways, mainly in early life, may exist.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg–Essen, Essen, Germany
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7
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Weill JC, Weller S, Reynaud CA. B cell diversification in gut-associated lymphoid tissues: From birds to humans. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20231501. [PMID: 37824081 PMCID: PMC10568490 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Several species generate their preimmune repertoire in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT), compensating a reduced germline V gene repertoire by post-rearrangement diversification mechanisms (gene conversion and/or somatic hypermutation) in these environments that act as primary lymphoid organs. We summarize here these processes for three different species (chickens, sheep, and rabbits) and further discuss the analogous process that T-independent B cell responses in humans represent: we indeed recently showed that response against bacterial polysaccharides mobilize marginal zone B cells that prediversified against gut antigens. While the initial diversification strategy differs in these two cases, i.e., repertoire formation driven by gut-derived mitotic signals vs. response against gut antigens, the common feature of these two processes is the mobilization of a B cell compartment prediversified in GALT for immune responses against distinct systemic antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude Weill
- Université Paris Cité, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1151, Centre national de la recherche scientifique UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades , Paris, France
| | - Sandra Weller
- Université Paris Cité, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1151, Centre national de la recherche scientifique UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades , Paris, France
| | - Claude-Agnès Reynaud
- Université Paris Cité, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1151, Centre national de la recherche scientifique UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades , Paris, France
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8
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Grimsholm O. CD27 on human memory B cells-more than just a surface marker. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 213:164-172. [PMID: 36508329 PMCID: PMC10361737 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunological memory protects the human body from re-infection with an earlier recognized pathogen. This memory comprises the durable serum antibody titres provided by long-lived plasma cells and the memory T and B cells with help from other cells. Memory B cells are the main precursor cells for new plasma cells during a secondary infection. Their formation starts very early in life, and they continue to form and undergo refinements throughout our lifetime. While the heterogeneity of the human memory B-cell pool is still poorly understood, specific cellular surface markers define most of the cell subpopulations. CD27 is one of the most commonly used markers to define human memory B cells. In addition, there are molecular markers, such as somatic mutations in the immunoglobulin heavy and light chains and isotype switching to, for example, IgG. Although not every memory B cell undergoes somatic hypermutation or isotype switching, most of them express these molecular traits in adulthood. In this review, I will focus on the most recent knowledge regarding CD27+ human memory B cells in health and disease, and describe how Ig sequencing can be used as a tool to decipher the evolutionary pathways of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Grimsholm
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, AT-1090 Vienna, Austria
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9
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Guldenpfennig C, Teixeiro E, Daniels M. NF-kB's contribution to B cell fate decisions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1214095. [PMID: 37533858 PMCID: PMC10391175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1214095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB signaling is essential to an effective innate and adaptive immune response. Many immune-specific functional and developmental outcomes depend in large on NF-κB. The formidable task of sorting out the mechanisms behind the regulation and outcome of NF-κB signaling remains an important area of immunology research. Here we briefly discuss the role of NF-κB in regulating cell fate decisions at various times in the path of B cell development, activation, and the generation of long-term humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Guldenpfennig
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Emma Teixeiro
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mark Daniels
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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10
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Wang H, Liu C, Xie X, Niu M, Wang Y, Cheng X, Zhang B, Zhang D, Liu M, Sun R, Ma Y, Ma S, Wang H, Zhu G, Lu Y, Huang B, Su P, Chen X, Zhao J, Wang H, Shen L, Fu L, Huang Q, Yang Y, Wang H, Wu C, Ge W, Chen C, Huo Q, Wang Q, Wang Y, Geng L, Xie Y, Xie Y, Liu L, Qi J, Chen H, Wu J, Jiang E, Jiang W, Wang X, Shen Z, Guo T, Zhou J, Zhu P, Cheng T. Multi-omics blood atlas reveals unique features of immune and platelet responses to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron breakthrough infection. Immunity 2023:S1074-7613(23)00224-8. [PMID: 37257450 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although host responses to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain are well described, those to the new Omicron variants are less resolved. We profiled the clinical phenomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes, and immune repertoires of >1,000 blood cell or plasma specimens from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron patients. Using in-depth integrated multi-omics, we dissected the host response dynamics during multiple disease phases to reveal the molecular and cellular landscapes in the blood. Specifically, we detected enhanced interferon-mediated antiviral signatures of platelets in Omicron-infected patients, and platelets preferentially formed widespread aggregates with leukocytes to modulate immune cell functions. In addition, patients who were re-tested positive for viral RNA showed marked reductions in B cell receptor clones, antibody generation, and neutralizing capacity against Omicron. Finally, we developed a machine learning model that accurately predicted the probability of re-positivity in Omicron patients. Our study may inspire a paradigm shift in studying systemic diseases and emerging public health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China.
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Xiaowei Xie
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Mingming Niu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Yingrui Wang
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuelian Cheng
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yezi Ma
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Shihui Ma
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Baiming Huang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Pei Su
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Long Shen
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Lixia Fu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - He Wang
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunlong Wu
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Weigang Ge
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Westlake Omics (Hangzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Qianyu Huo
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Qingping Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Li Geng
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Jianwei Qi
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junping Wu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Erlie Jiang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhongyang Shen
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China; Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Tiannan Guo
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China.
| | - Tao Cheng
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China.
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11
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Cox EM, El-Behi M, Ries S, Vogt JF, Kohlhaas V, Michna T, Manfroi B, Al-Maarri M, Wanke F, Tirosh B, Pondarre C, Lezeau H, Yogev N, Mittenzwei R, Descatoire M, Weller S, Weill JC, Reynaud CA, Boudinot P, Jouneau L, Tenzer S, Distler U, Rensing-Ehl A, König C, Staniek J, Rizzi M, Magérus A, Rieux-Laucat F, Wunderlich FT, Hövelmeyer N, Fillatreau S. AKT activity orchestrates marginal zone B cell development in mice and humans. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112378. [PMID: 37060566 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The signals controlling marginal zone (MZ) and follicular (FO) B cell development remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that AKT orchestrates MZ B cell formation in mice and humans. Genetic models that increase AKT signaling in B cells or abolish its impact on FoxO transcription factors highlight the AKT-FoxO axis as an on-off switch for MZ B cell formation in mice. In humans, splenic immunoglobulin (Ig) D+CD27+ B cells, proposed as an MZ B cell equivalent, display higher AKT signaling than naive IgD+CD27- and memory IgD-CD27+ B cells and develop in an AKT-dependent manner from their precursors in vitro, underlining the conservation of this developmental pathway. Consistently, CD148 is identified as a receptor indicative of the level of AKT signaling in B cells, expressed at a higher level in MZ B cells than FO B cells in mice as well as humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Cox
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamed El-Behi
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Stefanie Ries
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes F Vogt
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vivien Kohlhaas
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP) Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Michna
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benoît Manfroi
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mona Al-Maarri
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP) Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Wanke
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Boaz Tirosh
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute for Drug Research, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Corinne Pondarre
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Centre de Référence de la Drépanocytose, Centre Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Inserm U955, Université Paris XII, Créteil, France
| | - Harry Lezeau
- Service de Pédiatrie Générale, Centre de Référence de la Drépanocytose, Centre Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Inserm U955, Université Paris XII, Créteil, France
| | - Nir Yogev
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Romy Mittenzwei
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marc Descatoire
- Laboratory of Immune Inherited Disorders, Department of Immunology and Allergology Lausanne Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Weller
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Weill
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Claude-Agnès Reynaud
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Boudinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Luc Jouneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology Mainz (HI-TRON Mainz), Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute Distler
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anne Rensing-Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph König
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Schaenzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Staniek
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aude Magérus
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Frederic Rieux-Laucat
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - F Thomas Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP) Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nadine Hövelmeyer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Mainz, University Hospital of Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Simon Fillatreau
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, 156-160, rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France; Université de Paris Cité, Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
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12
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Kibler A, Seifert M, Budeus B. Age-related changes of the human splenic marginal zone B cell compartment. Immunol Lett 2023; 256-257:59-65. [PMID: 37044264 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we will summarize the growing body of knowledge on the age-related changes of human splenic B cell composition and molecular evidence of immune maturation and discuss the contribution of these changes on splenic protective function. From birth on, the splenic marginal zone (sMZ) contains a specialized B cell subpopulation, which recruits and archives memory B cells from immune responses throughout the organism. The quality of sMZ B cell responses is augmented by germinal center (GC)-dependent maturation of memory B cells during childhood, however, in old age, these mechanisms likely contribute to waning of splenic protective function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kibler
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Seifert
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Bettina Budeus
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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13
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Spencer J, Tull TJ, Bemark M. Weller et al, T-independent responses to polysaccharides in humans mobilize marginal zone B cells pre-diversified against gut bacterial antigens . Immunol Lett 2023; 256-257:66-67. [PMID: 37040847 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jo Spencer
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Thomas J Tull
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mats Bemark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Weinand K, Sakaue S, Nathan A, Jonsson AH, Zhang F, Watts GFM, Zhu Z, Rao DA, Anolik JH, Brenner MB, Donlin LT, Wei K, Raychaudhuri S. The Chromatin Landscape of Pathogenic Transcriptional Cell States in Rheumatoid Arthritis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.07.536026. [PMID: 37066336 PMCID: PMC10104143 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.07.536026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Synovial tissue inflammation is the hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent work has identified prominent pathogenic cell states in inflamed RA synovial tissue, such as T peripheral helper cells; however, the epigenetic regulation of these states has yet to be defined. We measured genome-wide open chromatin at single cell resolution from 30 synovial tissue samples, including 12 samples with transcriptional data in multimodal experiments. We identified 24 chromatin classes and predicted their associated transcription factors, including a CD8+ GZMK+ class associated with EOMES and a lining fibroblast class associated with AP-1. By integrating an RA tissue transcriptional atlas, we found that the chromatin classes represented 'superstates' corresponding to multiple transcriptional cell states. Finally, we demonstrated the utility of this RA tissue chromatin atlas through the associations between disease phenotypes and chromatin class abundance as well as the nomination of classes mediating the effects of putatively causal RA genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Weinand
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Saori Sakaue
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aparna Nathan
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna Helena Jonsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and the Center for Health Artificial Intelligence, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gerald F. M. Watts
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Deepak A. Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer H. Anolik
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology; Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Michael B. Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura T. Donlin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Wei
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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15
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Spencer J, Bemark M. Human intestinal B cells in inflammatory diseases. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:254-265. [PMID: 36849542 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal lumen contains an abundance of bacteria, viruses and fungi alongside ingested material that shape the chronically active intestinal immune system from early life to maintain the integrity of the gut epithelial barrier. In health, the response is intricately balanced to provide active protection against pathogen invasion whilst tolerating food and avoiding inflammation. B cells are central to achieving this protection. Their activation and maturation generates the body's largest plasma cell population that secretes IgA, and the niches they provide support systemic immune cell specialization. For example, the gut supports the development and maturation of a splenic B cell subset - the marginal zone B cells. In addition, cells such as the T follicular helper cells, which are enriched in many autoinflammatory diseases, are intrinsically associated with the germinal centre microenvironment that is more abundant in the gut than in any other tissue in health. In this Review, we discuss intestinal B cells and their role when a loss of homeostasis results in intestinal and systemic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Spencer
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK.
| | - Mats Bemark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16
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Weller S, Sterlin D, Fadeev T, Coignard E, de los Aires AV, Goetz C, Fritzen R, Bahuaud M, Batteux F, Gorochov G, Weill JC, Reynaud CA. T-independent responses to polysaccharides in humans mobilize marginal zone B cells prediversified against gut bacterial antigens. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eade1413. [PMID: 36706172 PMCID: PMC7614366 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.ade1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Marginal zone (MZ) B cells are one of the main actors of T-independent (TI) responses in mice. To identify the B cell subset(s) involved in such responses in humans, we vaccinated healthy individuals with Pneumovax, a model TI vaccine. By high-throughput repertoire sequencing of plasma cells (PCs) isolated 7 days after vaccination and of different B cell subpopulations before and after vaccination, we show that the PC response mobilizes large clones systematically, including an immunoglobulin M component, whose diversification and amplification predated the pneumococcal vaccination. These clones could be mainly traced back to MZ B cells, together with clonally related IgA+ and, to a lesser extent, IgG+CD27+ B cells. Recombinant monoclonal antibodies isolated from large PC clones recognized a wide array of bacterial species from the gut flora, indicating that TI responses in humans largely mobilize MZ and switched B cells that most likely prediversified during mucosal immune responses against bacterial antigens and acquired pneumococcal cross-reactivity through somatic hypermutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Weller
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Sterlin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), F-75013 Paris, France
- Département d’Immunologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Fadeev
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Eva Coignard
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Alba Verge de los Aires
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Clara Goetz
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Rémi Fritzen
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Mathilde Bahuaud
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- Service d’Immunologie Biologique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Frederic Batteux
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- Service d’Immunologie Biologique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre (HUPC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), F-75013 Paris, France
- Département d’Immunologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Weill
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Claude-Agnès Reynaud
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), F-75015 Paris, France
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17
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Ota M, Hoehn KB, Ota T, Aranda CJ, Friedman S, Braga WF, Malbari A, Kleinstein SH, Sicherer SH, Curotto de Lafaille MA. The memory of pathogenic IgE is contained within CD23 + IgG1 + memory B cells poised to switch to IgE in food allergy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.25.525506. [PMID: 36747707 PMCID: PMC9900782 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.25.525506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy is caused by allergen-specific IgE antibodies but little is known about the B cell memory of persistent IgE responses. Here we describe in human pediatric peanut allergy CD23 + IgG1 + memory B cells arising in type 2 responses that contain peanut specific clones and generate IgE cells on activation. These 'type2-marked' IgG1 + memory B cells differentially express IL-4/IL-13 regulated genes FCER2 / CD23, IL4R , and germline IGHE and carry highly mutated B cell receptors (BCRs). Further, high affinity memory B cells specific for the main peanut allergen Ara h 2 mapped to the population of 'type2-marked' IgG1 + memory B cells and included convergent BCRs across different individuals. Our findings indicate that CD23 + IgG1 + memory B cells transcribing germline IGHE are a unique memory population containing precursors of pathogenic IgE. One-Sentence Summary We describe a unique population of IgG + memory B cells poised to switch to IgE that contains high affinity allergen-specific clones in peanut allergy.
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18
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Velounias RL, Tull TJ. Human B-cell subset identification and changes in inflammatory diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:201-216. [PMID: 36617261 PMCID: PMC9985170 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the B-cell subsets found in human blood and their functional significance has advanced greatly in the past decade. This has been aided by the evolution of high dimensional phenotypic tools such as mass cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing which have revealed heterogeneity in populations that were previously considered homogenous. Despite this, there is still uncertainty and variation between studies as to how B-cell subsets are identified and named. This review will focus on the most commonly encountered subsets of B cells in human blood and will describe gating strategies for their identification by flow and mass cytometry. Important changes to population frequencies and function in common inflammatory and autoimmune diseases will also be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah L Velounias
- Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Thomas J Tull
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, UK
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19
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Montorsi L, Siu JHY, Spencer J. B cells in human lymphoid structures. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:240-252. [PMID: 36370126 PMCID: PMC9985168 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most B cells in the human body are present in tissues where they support immune responses to pathogens, vaccines, autoantigens, and tumours. Despite their clear importance, they are very difficult to study and there are many areas of uncertainty that are difficult to resolve because of limited tissue access. In this review, we consider the zonal structure of lymphoid tissues, the B cell subsets they contain, and how these are regulated. We also discuss the impact that methods of deep interrogation have made on our current knowledge base, especially with respect to studies of cells from dissociated tissues. We discuss in some detail the controversial B cells with marginal zone distribution that some consider being archived memory B cells. We anticipate that more we understand of B cells in tissues and the niches they create, the more opportunities will be identified to harness their potential for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Montorsi
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline H Y Siu
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jo Spencer
- Correspondence: Jo Spencer, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King’s College London, Second Floor Borough Wing, Guy’s Hospital Campus, St Thomas’ St, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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20
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Jiang Y, Dai S, Jia L, Qin L, Zhang M, Liu H, Wang X, Pang R, Zhang J, Peng G, Li W. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell type-specific immune regulation associated with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in humans. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1075675. [PMID: 36544777 PMCID: PMC9762154 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) is a rare autoimmune disease, and the peripheral immune characteristics associated with anti-NMDARE antibodies remain unclear. Methods Herein, we characterized peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with anti-NMDARE and healthy individuals by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Results The transcriptional profiles of 129,217 cells were assessed, and 21 major cell clusters were identified. B-cell activation and differentiation, plasma cell expansion, and excessive inflammatory responses in innate immunity were all identified. Patients with anti-NMDARE showed higher expression levels of CXCL8, IL1B, IL6, TNF, TNFSF13, TNFSF13B, and NLRP3. We observed that anti-NMDARE patients in the acute phase expressed high levels of DC_CCR7 in human myeloid cells. Moreover, we observed that anti-NMDARE effects include oligoclonal expansions in response to immunizing agents. Strong humoral immunity and positive regulation of lymphocyte activation were observed in acute stage anti-NMDARE patients. Discussion This high-dimensional single-cell profiling of the peripheral immune microenvironment suggests that potential mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis and recovery of anti-NMDAREs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Yushu Jiang,
| | - Shuhua Dai
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linlin Jia
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lingzhi Qin
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Milan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huiqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gongxin Peng
- China Center for Bioinformatics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Accurate Diagnosis, Treatment, Research and Development, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Yushu Jiang,
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21
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Chappert P, Huetz F, Espinasse MA, Chatonnet F, Pannetier L, Da Silva L, Goetz C, Mégret J, Sokal A, Crickx E, Nemazanyy I, Jung V, Guerrera C, Storck S, Mahévas M, Cosma A, Revy P, Fest T, Reynaud CA, Weill JC. Human anti-smallpox long-lived memory B cells are defined by dynamic interactions in the splenic niche and long-lasting germinal center imprinting. Immunity 2022; 55:1872-1890.e9. [PMID: 36130603 PMCID: PMC7613742 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Memory B cells (MBCs) can persist for a lifetime, but the mechanisms that allow their long-term survival remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated and analyzed human splenic smallpox/vaccinia protein B5-specific MBCs in individuals who were vaccinated more than 40 years ago. Only a handful of clones persisted over such an extended period, and they displayed limited intra-clonal diversity with signs of extensive affinity-based selection. These long-lived MBCs appeared enriched in a CD21hiCD20hi IgG+ splenic B cell subset displaying a marginal-zone-like NOTCH/MYC-driven signature, but they did not harbor a unique longevity-associated transcriptional or metabolic profile. Finally, the telomeres of B5-specific, long-lived MBCs were longer than those in patient-paired naive B cells in all the samples analyzed. Overall, these results imply that separate mechanisms such as early telomere elongation, affinity selection during the contraction phase, and access to a specific niche contribute to ensuring the functional longevity of MBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Chappert
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Inovarion, Paris, France; Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), INSERM U955, équipe 2, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France.
| | - François Huetz
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unité Anticorps en thérapie et pathologie, UMR 1222 INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Alix Espinasse
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Chatonnet
- Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang de Bretagne, UMR_S1236, Rennes, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | - Louise Pannetier
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Da Silva
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Clara Goetz
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jérome Mégret
- Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24-CNRS UAR3633, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Sokal
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Crickx
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Ivan Nemazanyy
- Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24-CNRS UAR3633, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Jung
- Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24-CNRS UAR3633, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Guerrera
- Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24-CNRS UAR3633, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Storck
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Mahévas
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), INSERM U955, équipe 2, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France; Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Antonio Cosma
- Translational Medicine Operations Hub, National Cytometry Platform, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Patrick Revy
- INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genome Dynamics in the Immune System, Labellisé Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Fest
- Université de Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang de Bretagne, UMR_S1236, Rennes, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Pôle de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rennes, France
| | - Claude-Agnès Reynaud
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Claude Weill
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMR 8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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22
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McMillan JKP, O’Donnell P, Chang SP. Pattern recognition receptor ligand-induced differentiation of human transitional B cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273810. [PMID: 36040923 PMCID: PMC9426890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells represent a critical component of the adaptive immune response whose development and differentiation are determined by antigen-dependent and antigen-independent interactions. In this study, we explored the effects of IL-4 and pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) ligands on B cell development and differentiation by investigating their capacity to drive the in vitro maturation of human transitional B cells. In the presence of IL-4, ligands for TLR7/8, TLR9, and NOD1 were effective in driving the in vitro maturation of cord blood transitional B cells into mature, naïve B cells as measured by CD23 expression, ABCB1 transporter activation and upregulation of sIgM and sIgD. In addition, several stimulation conditions, including TLR9 ligand alone, favored an expansion of CD27+ IgM memory B cells. Transitional B cells stimulated with TLR7/8 ligand + IL-4 or TLR9 ligand, with or without IL-4, induced a significant subpopulation of CD23+CD27+ B cells expressing high levels of sIgM and sIgD, a minor B cell subpopulation found in human peripheral blood. These studies illustrate the heterogeneity of the B cell populations induced by cytokine and PRR ligand stimulation. A comparison of transitional and mature, naïve B cells transcriptomes to identify novel genes involved in B cell maturation revealed that mature, naïve B cells were less transcriptionally active than transitional B cells. Nevertheless, a subset of differentially expressed genes in mature, naïve B cells was identified including genes associated with the IL-4 signaling pathway, PI3K signaling in B lymphocytes, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and the TNFR superfamily. When transitional B cells were stimulated in vitro with IL-4 and PRR ligands, gene expression was found to be dependent on the nature of the stimulants, suggesting that exposure to these stimulants may alter the developmental fate of transitional B cells. The influence of IL-4 and PRR signaling on transitional B cell maturation illustrates the potential synergy that may be achieved when certain PRR ligands are incorporated as adjuvants in vaccine formulations and presented to developing B cells in the context of an inflammatory cytokine environment. These studies demonstrate the potential of the PRR ligands to drive transitional B cell differentiation in the periphery during infection or vaccination independently of antigen mediated BCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jourdan K. P. McMillan
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Patrick O’Donnell
- Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, Hawaii Pacific Health, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
| | - Sandra P. Chang
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America
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23
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Bourque J, Kousnetsov R, Hawiger D. Roles of Hopx in the differentiation and functions of immune cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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24
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Barlev AN, Malkiel S, Kurata-Sato I, Dorjée AL, Suurmond J, Diamond B. FcɣRIIB regulates autoantibody responses by limiting marginal zone B cell activation. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:157250. [PMID: 35819855 PMCID: PMC9435648 DOI: 10.1172/jci157250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
FcɣRIIB is an inhibitory receptor expressed throughout B cell development. Diminished expression or function is associated with lupus in mice and humans, in particular through an effect on autoantibody production and plasma cell differentiation. Here, we analysed the effect of B cell-intrinsic FcɣRIIB expression on B cell activation and plasma cell differentiation. Loss of FcɣRIIB on B cells (Fcgr2b cKO mice) led to a spontaneous increase in autoantibody titers. This increase was most striking for IgG3, suggestive of increased extrafollicular responses. Marginal zone (MZ) B cells had the highest expression of FcɣRIIB in both mouse and human. This high expression of FcɣRIIB was linked to increased MZ B cell activation, Erk phosphorylation, and calcium fluxin the absence of FcɣRIIB triggering. Marked increases in IgG3+ plasma cells and B cells were observed during extrafollicular plasma cell responses in Fcgr2b cKO mice. The increased IgG3 response following immunization of Fcgr2b cKO mice was lost in MZ-deficient Notch2/Fcgr2b cKO mice. Importantly, SLE patients exhibited decreased expression of FcɣRIIB, most strongly in MZ B cells. Thus, we present a model where high FcɣRIIB expression in MZ B cells prevents their hyperactivation and ensuing autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Barlev
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, United States of America
| | - Susan Malkiel
- Center of Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, United States of America
| | - Izumi Kurata-Sato
- Center of Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, United States of America
| | - Annemarie L Dorjée
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jolien Suurmond
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Betty Diamond
- Center of Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, United States of America
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25
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Gómez Atria D, Gaudette BT, Londregan J, Kelly S, Perkey E, Allman A, Srivastava B, Koch U, Radtke F, Ludewig B, Siebel CW, Ryan RJ, Robertson TF, Burkhardt JK, Pear WS, Allman D, Maillard I. Stromal Notch ligands foster lymphopenia-driven functional plasticity and homeostatic proliferation of naïve B cells. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:158885. [PMID: 35579963 PMCID: PMC9246379 DOI: 10.1172/jci158885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In lymphopenic environments, secondary lymphoid organs regulate the size of B and T-cell compartments by supporting homeostatic proliferation of mature lymphocytes. The molecular mechanisms underlying these responses and their functional consequences remain incompletely understood. To evaluate homeostasis of the mature B-cell pool during lymphopenia, we turned to an adoptive transfer model of purified follicular B-cells into Rag2-/- mouse recipients. Highly purified follicular B-cells transdifferentiated into marginal zone-like B-cells when transferred into Rag2-/- lymphopenic hosts, but not into wild-type hosts. In lymphopenic spleens, transferred B-cells gradually lost their follicular phenotype and acquired characteristics of marginal zone B-cells, as judged by cell surface phenotype, expression of integrins and chemokine receptors, positioning close to the marginal sinus, and an ability to rapidly generate functional plasma cells. Initiation of follicular to marginal zone B-cell transdifferentiation preceded proliferation. Furthermore, the transdifferentiation process was dependent on Notch2 receptors in B-cells and expression of Delta-like1 Notch ligands by splenic Ccl19-Cre+ fibroblastic stromal cells. Gene expression analysis showed rapid induction of Notch-regulated transcripts followed by upregulated Myc expression and acquisition of broad transcriptional features of marginal zone B-cells. Thus, naïve mature B-cells are endowed with plastic transdifferentiation potential in response to increased stromal Notch ligand availability during lymphopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gómez Atria
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Brian T Gaudette
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Londregan
- Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Samantha Kelly
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Eric Perkey
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Anneka Allman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Bhaskar Srivastava
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Ute Koch
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Freddy Radtke
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Russell Jh Ryan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Tanner F Robertson
- Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Janis K Burkhardt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Warren S Pear
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - David Allman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Ivan Maillard
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
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26
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Meednu N, Rangel-Moreno J, Zhang F, Escalera-Rivera K, Corsiero E, Prediletto E, DiCarlo E, Goodman S, Donlin LT, Raychauduri S, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Orange DE, McDavid A, Anolik JH. Dynamic spectrum of ectopic lymphoid B cell activation and hypermutation in the RA synovium characterized by NR4A nuclear receptor expression. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110766. [PMID: 35508128 PMCID: PMC9234997 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) can develop in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue, but the precise pathways of B cell activation and selection are not well understood. Here, we identify a synovial B cell population characterized by co-expression of a family of orphan nuclear receptors (NR4A1-3), which is highly enriched in RA synovial tissue. A transcriptomic profile of NR4A synovial B cells significantly overlaps with germinal center light zone B cells and an accrual of somatic hypermutation that correlates with loss of naive B cell state. NR4A B cells co-express lymphotoxins α and β and IL-6, supporting functions in ELS promotion. Expanded and shared clones between synovial NR4A B cells and plasma cells and the rapid upregulation with BCR stimulation point to in situ differentiation. Together, we identify a dynamic progression of B cell activation in RA synovial ELS, with NR4A transcription factors having an important role in local adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Meednu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine Escalera-Rivera
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Elisa Corsiero
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Edoardo Prediletto
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Edward DiCarlo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Susan Goodman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura T Donlin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soumya Raychauduri
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Dana E Orange
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Andrew McDavid
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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27
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Notch signaling pathway: architecture, disease, and therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:95. [PMID: 35332121 PMCID: PMC8948217 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOTCH gene was identified approximately 110 years ago. Classical studies have revealed that NOTCH signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway. NOTCH receptors undergo three cleavages and translocate into the nucleus to regulate the transcription of target genes. NOTCH signaling deeply participates in the development and homeostasis of multiple tissues and organs, the aberration of which results in cancerous and noncancerous diseases. However, recent studies indicate that the outcomes of NOTCH signaling are changeable and highly dependent on context. In terms of cancers, NOTCH signaling can both promote and inhibit tumor development in various types of cancer. The overall performance of NOTCH-targeted therapies in clinical trials has failed to meet expectations. Additionally, NOTCH mutation has been proposed as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade therapy in many cancers. Collectively, the NOTCH pathway needs to be integrally assessed with new perspectives to inspire discoveries and applications. In this review, we focus on both classical and the latest findings related to NOTCH signaling to illustrate the history, architecture, regulatory mechanisms, contributions to physiological development, related diseases, and therapeutic applications of the NOTCH pathway. The contributions of NOTCH signaling to the tumor immune microenvironment and cancer immunotherapy are also highlighted. We hope this review will help not only beginners but also experts to systematically and thoroughly understand the NOTCH signaling pathway.
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28
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Siu JHY, Pitcher MJ, Tull TJ, Velounias RL, Guesdon W, Montorsi L, Mahbubani KT, Ellis R, Dhami P, Todd K, Kadolsky UD, Kleeman M, D'Cruz DP, Saeb-Parsy K, Bemark M, Pettigrew GJ, Spencer J. Two subsets of human marginal zone B cells resolved by global analysis of lymphoid tissues and blood. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabm9060. [PMID: 35302862 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abm9060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
B cells generate antibodies that are essential for immune protection, but their subgroups are poorly defined. Here, we perform undirected deep profiling of B cells in matched human lymphoid tissues from deceased transplant organ donors and blood. In addition to identifying unanticipated features of tissue-based B cell differentiation, we resolve two subsets of marginal zone B (MZB) cells differing in cell surface and transcriptomic profiles, clonal relationships to other subsets, enrichment of genes in the NOTCH pathway, distribution bias within splenic marginal zone microenvironment, and immunoglobulin repertoire diversity and hypermutation frequency. Each subset is present in spleen, gut-associated lymphoid tissue, mesenteric lymph nodes, and blood. MZB cells and the lineage from which they are derived are depleted in lupus nephritis. Here, we show that this depletion is of only one MZB subset. The other remains unchanged as a proportion of total B cells compared with health. Thus, it is important to factor MZB cell heterogeneity into studies of human B cell responses and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline H Y Siu
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael J Pitcher
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Thomas J Tull
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Rebekah L Velounias
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - William Guesdon
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Lucia Montorsi
- School of Cancer Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK.,Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Krishnaa T Mahbubani
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Richard Ellis
- NIHR Guy's and St Thomas' Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Pawan Dhami
- NIHR Guy's and St Thomas' Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Katrina Todd
- NIHR Guy's and St Thomas' Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ulrich D Kadolsky
- NIHR Guy's and St Thomas' Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Michelle Kleeman
- NIHR Guy's and St Thomas' Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - David P D'Cruz
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Kourosh Saeb-Parsy
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mats Bemark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gavin J Pettigrew
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jo Spencer
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
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29
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Kibler A, Budeus B, Küppers R, Seifert M. The Splenic Marginal Zone in Children Is Characterized by a Subpopulation of CD27-Negative, Lowly IGHV-Mutated B Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:825619. [PMID: 35154145 PMCID: PMC8828478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.825619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Young children and older adults suffer from enhanced susceptibility to infections with blood-borne pathogens. An essential step towards immunity is the establishment of a splenic marginal zone (sMZ), which is immature at below 2 years of age. At approximately 5 years of age, an adult level of protection is reached but wanes again in older adults. Although the infant sMZ is thought to contain mostly naïve B cells, memory B cells are recruited to and recirculate from the sMZ throughout life, and class-switched sMZ B cells dominate in older adults. For a better resolution of naïve versus memory B-cell subset accumulation in the sMZ, we performed a single cell-based gene expression analysis of (CD21highIgMhigh) sMZ B cells among five healthy donors (age 3 to 48 years) and validated the sMZ B-cell subset composition by flow cytometry of 147 spleen biopsies (age 0 to 82 years). We identified a major sMZ B-cell subpopulation, which is abundant at birth but decreases with age. These cells lack CD27 expression but carry a weak-to-intermediate memory B-cell signature. These CD27neg sMZ B cells are either IGHV-unmutated or carry only a few IGHV mutations early in life but show average memory B-cell IGHV mutation frequencies (>3%) in adults. The activation and proliferation potential of CD27neg sMZ B cells is significantly above that of non-sMZ B cells already in children. Our study suggests that the human sMZ B-cell pool changes with age, encompassing a major population of lowly Ig-mutated CD27neg but antigen-experienced B cells early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kibler
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bettina Budeus
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Seifert
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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30
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Unraveling B cell trajectories at single cell resolution. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:210-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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31
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Bourque J, Opejin A, Surnov A, Iberg CA, Gross C, Jain R, Epstein JA, Hawiger D. Landscape of Hopx expression in cells of the immune system. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08311. [PMID: 34805566 PMCID: PMC8590040 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeodomain only protein (Hopx) is a regulator of cell differentiation and function, and it has also emerged as a crucial marker of specific developmental and differentiation potentials. Hopx expression and functions have been identified in some stem cells, tumors, and in certain immune cells. However, expression of Hopx in immune cells remains insufficiently characterized. Here we report a comprehensive pattern of Hopx expression in multiple types of immune cells under steady state conditions. By utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and flow cytometric analysis, we characterize a constitutive expression of Hopx in specific subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and B cells, as well as natural killer (NK), NKT, and myeloid cells. In contrast, Hopx expression is not present in conventional dendritic cells and eosinophils. The utility of identifying expression of Hopx in immune cells may prove vital in delineating specific roles of Hopx under multiple immune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bourque
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63118, USA
| | - Adeleye Opejin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63118, USA
| | - Alexey Surnov
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63118, USA
| | - Courtney A Iberg
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63118, USA
| | - Cindy Gross
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63118, USA
| | - Rajan Jain
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jonathan A Epstein
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daniel Hawiger
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63118, USA
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32
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Carsetti R, Terreri S, Conti MG, Fernandez Salinas A, Corrente F, Capponi C, Albano C, Piano Mortari E. Comprehensive phenotyping of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes in healthy conditions. Cytometry A 2021; 101:131-139. [PMID: 34664397 PMCID: PMC9546334 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The B cell compartment provides innate and adaptive immune defenses against pathogens. Different B cell subsets, reflecting the maturation stages of B cells, have noninterchangeable functions and roles in innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we provide an overview of the B cell subsets present in peripheral blood of healthy individuals. A specific gating strategy is also described to clearly and univocally identify B cell subsets based on the their phenotypic traits by flow cytometric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Carsetti
- Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Terreri
- Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Conti
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ane Fernandez Salinas
- Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Corrente
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Capponi
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Albano
- Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eva Piano Mortari
- Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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33
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Gaudette BT, Roman CJ, Ochoa TA, Gómez Atria D, Jones DD, Siebel CW, Maillard I, Allman D. Resting innate-like B cells leverage sustained Notch2/mTORC1 signaling to achieve rapid and mitosis-independent plasma cell differentiation. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e151975. [PMID: 34473651 DOI: 10.1172/jci151975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about how cells regulate and integrate distinct biosynthetic pathways governing differentiation and cell division. For B lineage cells it is widely accepted that activated cells must complete several rounds of mitosis before yielding antibody-secreting plasma cells. However, we report that marginal zone (MZ) B cells, innate-like naive B cells known to generate plasma cells rapidly in response to blood-borne bacteria, generate functional plasma cells despite cell-cycle arrest. Further, short-term Notch2 blockade in vivo reversed division-independent differentiation potential and decreased transcript abundance for numerous mTORC1- and Myc-regulated genes. Myc loss compromised plasma cell differentiation for MZ B cells, and reciprocally induced ectopic mTORC1 signaling in follicular B cells enabled division-independent differentiation and plasma cell-affiliated gene expression. We conclude that ongoing in situ Notch2/mTORC1 signaling in MZ B cells establishes a unique cellular state that enables rapid division-independent plasma cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carly J Roman
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Trini A Ochoa
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Daniela Gómez Atria
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Derek D Jones
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
| | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ivan Maillard
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Allman
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and
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34
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Kibler A, Budeus B, Homp E, Bronischewski K, Berg V, Sellmann L, Murke F, Heinold A, Heinemann FM, Lindemann M, Bekeredjian-Ding I, Horn PA, Kirschning CJ, Küppers R, Seifert M. Systematic memory B cell archiving and random display shape the human splenic marginal zone throughout life. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211756. [PMID: 33538775 PMCID: PMC7868796 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human memory B cells (MBCs) are generated and diversified in secondary lymphoid tissues throughout the organism. A paired immunoglobulin (Ig)-gene repertoire analysis of peripheral blood (PB) and splenic MBCs from infant, adult, and elderly humans revealed that throughout life, circulating MBCs are comprehensively archived in the spleen. Archive MBC clones are systematically preserved and uncoupled from class-switching. Clonality in the spleen increases steadily, but boosts at midlife, thereby outcompeting small clones. The splenic marginal zone (sMZ) represents a primed MBC compartment, generated from a stochastic exchange within the archive memory pool. This is supported by functional assays, showing that PB and splenic CD21+ MBCs acquire transient CD21high expression upon NOTCH2-stimulation. Our study provides insight that the human MBC system in PB and spleen is composed of three interwoven compartments: the dynamic relationship of circulating, archive, and its subset of primed (sMZ) memory changes with age, thereby contributing to immune aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kibler
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bettina Budeus
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Homp
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kevin Bronischewski
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Victoria Berg
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ludger Sellmann
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinold
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Falko M Heinemann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Monika Lindemann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Seifert
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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35
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Zhang C, Zhang TX, Liu Y, Jia D, Zeng P, Du C, Yuan M, Liu Q, Wang Y, Shi FD. B-Cell Compartmental Features and Molecular Basis for Therapy in Autoimmune Disease. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2021; 8:8/6/e1070. [PMID: 34465614 PMCID: PMC8409132 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives To assess the molecular landscape of B-cell subpopulations across different compartments in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Methods We performed B-cell transcriptomic profiles via single-cell RNA sequencing across CSF, blood, and bone marrow in patients with NMOSD. Results Across the tissue types tested, 4 major subpopulations of B cells with distinct signatures were identified: naive B cells, memory B cells, age-associated B cells, and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). NMOSD B cells show proinflammatory activity and increased expression of chemokine receptor genes (CXCR3 and CXCR4). Circulating B cells display an increase of antigen presentation markers (CD40 and CD83), as well as activation signatures (FOS, CD69, and JUN). In contrast, the bone marrow B-cell population contains a large ASC fraction with increased oxidative and metabolic activity reflected by COX genes and ATP synthase genes. Typically, NMOSD B cells become hyperresponsive to type I interferon, which facilitates B-cell maturation and anti–aquaporin-4 autoantibody production. The pool of ASCs in blood and CSF were significantly elevated in NMOSD. Both CD19− and CD19+ ASCs could be ablated by tocilizumab, but not rituximab treatment in NMOSD. Discussion B cells are compartmentally fine tuned toward autoreactivity in NMOSD and become hyperreactive to type I interferon. Inhibition of type I interferon pathway may provide a new therapeutic avenue for NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Tian-Xiang Zhang
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Ye Liu
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Dongmei Jia
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Pei Zeng
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Chen Du
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China.
| | - Meng Yuan
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Fu-Dong Shi
- From the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (C.Z., Y.W., F.-D.S.), Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University; and Department of Neurology (C.Z., T.-X.Z., Y.L., D.J., P.Z., C.D., M.Y., Q.L., F.-D.S.), Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, China.
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Indicators of the molecular pathogenesis of virulent Newcastle disease virus in chickens revealed by transcriptomic profiling of spleen. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17570. [PMID: 34475461 PMCID: PMC8413450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96929-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has caused significant outbreaks in South-East Asia, particularly in Indonesia in recent years. Recently emerged genotype VII NDVs (NDV-GVII) have shifted their tropism from gastrointestinal/respiratory tropism to a lymphotropic virus, invading lymphoid organs including spleen and bursa of Fabricius to cause profound lymphoid depletion. In this study, we aimed to identify candidate genes and biological pathways that contribute to the disease caused by this velogenic NDV-GVII. A transcriptomic analysis based on RNA-Seq of spleen was performed in chickens challenged with NDV-GVII and a control group. In total, 6361 genes were differentially expressed that included 3506 up-regulated genes and 2855 down-regulated genes. Real-Time PCR of ten selected genes validated the RNA-Seq results as the correlation between them is 0.98. Functional and network analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) showed altered regulation of ElF2 signalling, mTOR signalling, proliferation of cells of the lymphoid system, signalling by Rho family GTPases and synaptogenesis signalling in spleen. We have also identified modified expression of IFIT5, PI3K, AGT and PLP1 genes in NDV-GVII infected chickens. Our findings in activation of autophagy-mediated cell death, lymphotropic and synaptogenesis signalling pathways provide new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of this newly emerged NDV-GVII.
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37
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Jiang R, Meng H, Raddassi K, Fleming I, Hoehn KB, Dardick KR, Belperron AA, Montgomery RR, Shalek AK, Hafler DA, Kleinstein SH, Bockenstedt LK. Single-cell immunophenotyping of the skin lesion erythema migrans identifies IgM memory B cells. JCI Insight 2021; 6:148035. [PMID: 34061047 PMCID: PMC8262471 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin lesion erythema migrans (EM) is an initial sign of the Ixodes tick-transmitted Borreliella spirochetal infection known as Lyme disease. T cells and innate immune cells have previously been shown to predominate the EM lesion and promote the reaction. Despite the established importance of B cells and antibodies in preventing infection, the role of B cells in the skin immune response to Borreliella is unknown. Here, we used single-cell RNA-Seq in conjunction with B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing to immunophenotype EM lesions and their associated B cells and BCR repertoires. We found that B cells were more abundant in EM in comparison with autologous uninvolved skin; many were clonally expanded and had circulating relatives. EM-associated B cells upregulated the expression of MHC class II genes and exhibited preferential IgM isotype usage. A subset also exhibited low levels of somatic hypermutation despite a gene expression profile consistent with memory B cells. Our study demonstrates that single-cell gene expression with paired BCR sequencing can be used to interrogate the sparse B cell populations in human skin and reveals that B cells in the skin infection site in early Lyme disease expressed a phenotype consistent with local antigen presentation and antibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khadir Raddassi
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ira Fleming
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Alexia A. Belperron
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ruth R. Montgomery
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A. Hafler
- Department of Immunobiology
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of Immunobiology
- Department of Pathology, and
- Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Linda K. Bockenstedt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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38
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Dugan HL, Stamper CT, Li L, Changrob S, Asby NW, Halfmann PJ, Zheng NY, Huang M, Shaw DG, Cobb MS, Erickson SA, Guthmiller JJ, Stovicek O, Wang J, Winkler ES, Madariaga ML, Shanmugarajah K, Jansen MO, Amanat F, Stewart I, Utset HA, Huang J, Nelson CA, Dai YN, Hall PD, Jedrzejczak RP, Joachimiak A, Krammer F, Diamond MS, Fremont DH, Kawaoka Y, Wilson PC. Profiling B cell immunodominance after SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals antibody evolution to non-neutralizing viral targets. Immunity 2021; 54:1290-1303.e7. [PMID: 34022127 PMCID: PMC8101792 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dissecting the evolution of memory B cells (MBCs) against SARS-CoV-2 is critical for understanding antibody recall upon secondary exposure. Here, we used single-cell sequencing to profile SARS-CoV-2-reactive B cells in 38 COVID-19 patients. Using oligo-tagged antigen baits, we isolated B cells specific to the SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleoprotein (NP), open reading frame 8 (ORF8), and endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) spike proteins. SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific cells were enriched in the memory compartment of acutely infected and convalescent patients several months post symptom onset. With severe acute infection, substantial populations of endemic HCoV-reactive antibody-secreting cells were identified and possessed highly mutated variable genes, signifying preexisting immunity. Finally, MBCs exhibited pronounced maturation to NP and ORF8 over time, especially in older patients. Monoclonal antibodies against these targets were non-neutralizing and non-protective in vivo. These findings reveal antibody adaptation to non-neutralizing intracellular antigens during infection, emphasizing the importance of vaccination for inducing neutralizing spike-specific MBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley L Dugan
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Lei Li
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Siriruk Changrob
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nicholas W Asby
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711
| | - Nai-Ying Zheng
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Min Huang
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dustin G Shaw
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mari S Cobb
- Section of Genetic Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Steven A Erickson
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jenna J Guthmiller
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Olivia Stovicek
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jiaolong Wang
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Emma S Winkler
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | | | | | - Maud O Jansen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Isabelle Stewart
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Henry A Utset
- University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jun Huang
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Christopher A Nelson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ya-Nan Dai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Paige D Hall
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Robert P Jedrzejczak
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Andrzej Joachimiak
- Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Structural Biology Center, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA; Department of Molecular Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711; Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 108-8639 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Patrick C Wilson
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Bellomo A, Gentek R, Golub R, Bajénoff M. Macrophage-fibroblast circuits in the spleen. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:104-125. [PMID: 34028841 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are an integral part of all organs in the body, where they contribute to immune surveillance, protection, and tissue-specific homeostatic functions. This is facilitated by so-called niches composed of macrophages and their surrounding stroma. These niches structurally anchor macrophages and provide them with survival factors and tissue-specific signals that imprint their functional identity. In turn, macrophages ensure appropriate functioning of the niches they reside in. Macrophages thus form reciprocal, mutually beneficial circuits with their cellular niches. In this review, we explore how this concept applies to the spleen, a large secondary lymphoid organ whose primary functions are to filter the blood and regulate immunity. We first outline the splenic micro-anatomy, the different populations of splenic fibroblasts and macrophages and their respective contribution to protection of and key physiological processes occurring in the spleen. We then discuss firmly established and potential cellular circuits formed by splenic macrophages and fibroblasts, with an emphasis on the molecular cues underlying their crosstalk and their relevance to splenic functionality. Lastly, we conclude by considering how these macrophage-fibroblast circuits might be impaired by aging, and how understanding these changes might help identify novel therapeutic avenues with the potential of restoring splenic functions in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Bellomo
- CIRI, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Rebecca Gentek
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rachel Golub
- Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Lymphopoiesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marc Bajénoff
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
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40
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Tull TJ, Pitcher MJ, Guesdon W, Siu JH, Lebrero-Fernández C, Zhao Y, Petrov N, Heck S, Ellis R, Dhami P, Kadolsky UD, Kleeman M, Kamra Y, Fear DJ, John S, Jassem W, Groves RW, Sanderson JD, Robson MG, D’Cruz DP, Bemark M, Spencer J. Human marginal zone B cell development from early T2 progenitors. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20202001. [PMID: 33538776 PMCID: PMC7868795 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells emerge from the bone marrow as transitional (TS) B cells that differentiate through T1, T2, and T3 stages to become naive B cells. We have identified a bifurcation of human B cell maturation from the T1 stage forming IgMhi and IgMlo developmental trajectories. IgMhi T2 cells have higher expression of α4β7 integrin and lower expression of IL-4 receptor (IL4R) compared with the IgMlo branch and are selectively recruited into gut-associated lymphoid tissue. IgMhi T2 cells also share transcriptomic features with marginal zone B cells (MZBs). Lineage progression from T1 cells to MZBs via an IgMhi trajectory is identified by pseudotime analysis of scRNA-sequencing data. Reduced frequency of IgMhi gut-homing T2 cells is observed in severe SLE and is associated with reduction of MZBs and their putative IgMhi precursors. The collapse of the gut-associated MZB maturational axis in severe SLE affirms its existence in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Tull
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Michael J. Pitcher
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - William Guesdon
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline H.Y. Siu
- Department of Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cristina Lebrero-Fernández
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yuan Zhao
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Nedyalko Petrov
- Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Susanne Heck
- Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard Ellis
- Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Pawan Dhami
- Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Michelle Kleeman
- Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Yogesh Kamra
- Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - David J. Fear
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Susan John
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Wayel Jassem
- Liver Transplant Unit, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Richard W. Groves
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, UK
| | - Jeremy D. Sanderson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michael G. Robson
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - David P. D’Cruz
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mats Bemark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jo Spencer
- School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
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41
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Palm AKE, Kleinau S. Marginal zone B cells: From housekeeping function to autoimmunity? J Autoimmun 2021; 119:102627. [PMID: 33640662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Marginal zone (MZ) B cells comprise a subset of innate-like B cells found predominantly in the spleen, but also in lymph nodes and blood. Their principal functions are participation in quick responses to blood-borne pathogens and secretion of natural antibodies. The latter is important for housekeeping functions such as clearance of apoptotic cell debris. MZ B cells have B cell receptors with low poly-/self-reactivity, but they are not pathogenic at steady state. However, if simultaneously stimulated with self-antigen and pathogen- and/or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs), MZ B cells may participate in the initial steps towards breakage of immunological tolerance. This review summarizes what is known about the role of MZ B cells in autoimmunity, both in mouse models and human disease. We cover factors important for shaping the MZ B cell compartment, how the functional properties of MZ B cells may contribute to breaking tolerance, and how MZ B cells are being regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Karin E Palm
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sandra Kleinau
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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42
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Garis M, Garrett-Sinha LA. Notch Signaling in B Cell Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2021; 11:609324. [PMID: 33613531 PMCID: PMC7892449 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is highly evolutionarily conserved, dictating cell fate decisions and influencing the survival and growth of progenitor cells that give rise to the cells of the immune system. The roles of Notch signaling in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and in specification of T lineage cells have been well-described. Notch signaling also plays important roles in B cells. In particular, it is required for specification of marginal zone type B cells, but Notch signaling is also important in other stages of B cell development and activation. This review will focus on established and new roles of Notch signaling during B lymphocyte lineage commitment and describe the function of Notch within mature B cells involved in immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Garis
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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43
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Relevance of Notch Signaling for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031325. [PMID: 33572704 PMCID: PMC7865281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch1-4 receptors and their signaling pathways are expressed in almost all organ systems and play a pivotal role in cell fate decision by coordinating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Differential expression and activation of Notch signaling pathways has been observed in a variety of organs and tissues under physiological and pathological conditions. Bone tissue represents a dynamic system, which is constantly remodeled throughout life. In bone, Notch receptors have been shown to control remodeling and regeneration. Numerous functions have been assigned to Notch receptors and ligands, including osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization, osteoclast recruitment and cell fusion and osteoblast/osteoclast progenitor cell proliferation. The expression and function of Notch1-4 in the skeleton are distinct and closely depend on the temporal expression at different differentiation stages. This review addresses the current knowledge on Notch signaling in adult bone with emphasis on metabolism, bone regeneration and degenerative skeletal disorders, as well as congenital disorders associated with mutant Notch genes. Moreover, the crosstalk between Notch signaling and other important pathways involved in bone turnover, including Wnt/β-catenin, BMP and RANKL/OPG, are outlined.
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44
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Leadbetter EA, Karlsson MCI. Invariant natural killer T cells balance B cell immunity. Immunol Rev 2021; 299:93-107. [PMID: 33438287 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells mediate rapid immune responses which bridge the gap between innate and adaptive responses to pathogens while also providing key regulation to maintain immune homeostasis. Both types of important iNKT immune responses are mediated through interactions with innate and adaptive B cells. As such, iNKT cells sit at the decision-making fulcrum between regulating inflammatory or autoreactive B cells and supporting protective or regulatory B cell populations. iNKT cells interpret the signals in their environment to set the tone for subsequent adaptive responses, with outcomes ranging from getting licensed to maintain homeostasis as an iNKT regulatory cell (iNKTreg ) or being activated to become an iNKT follicular helper (iNKTFH ) cell supporting pathogen-specific effector B cells. Here we review iNKT and B cell cooperation across the spectrum of immune outcomes, including during allergy and autoimmune disease, tumor surveillance and immunotherapy, or pathogen defense and vaccine responses. Because of their key role as influencers, iNKT cells provide a valuable target for therapeutic interventions. Understanding the nature of the interactions between iNKT and B cells will enable the development of clinical interventions to strategically target regulatory iNKT and B cell populations or inflammatory ones, depending on the circumstance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Leadbetter
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mikael C I Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Weisel NM, Weisel FJ, Farber DL, Borghesi LA, Shen Y, Ma W, Luning Prak ET, Shlomchik MJ. Comprehensive analyses of B-cell compartments across the human body reveal novel subsets and a gut-resident memory phenotype. Blood 2020; 136:2774-2785. [PMID: 32750113 PMCID: PMC7731793 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019002782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although human B cells have been extensively studied, most reports have used peripheral blood as a source. Here, we used a unique tissue resource derived from healthy organ donors to deeply characterize human B-cell compartments across multiple tissues and donors. These datasets revealed that B cells in the blood are not in homeostasis with compartments in other tissues. We found striking donor-to-donor variability in the frequencies and isotype of CD27+ memory B cells (MBCs). A comprehensive antibody-based screen revealed markers of MBC and allowed identification of novel MBC subsets with distinct functions defined according to surface expression of CD69 and CD45RB. We defined a tissue-resident MBC phenotype that was predominant in the gut but absent in blood. RNA-sequencing of MBC subsets from multiple tissues revealed a tissue-resident MBC gene signature as well as gut- and spleen-specific signatures. Overall, these studies provide novel insights into the nature and function of human B-cell compartments across multiple tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine M Weisel
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Florian J Weisel
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- Department of Surgery, and
| | - Lisa A Borghesi
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Wenji Ma
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; and
| | - Eline T Luning Prak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mark J Shlomchik
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Arasu A, Balakrishnan P, Velusamy T. RNA sequencing analyses reveal differentially expressed genes and pathways as Notch2 targets in B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4527-4540. [PMID: 33400727 PMCID: PMC7721612 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a low grade, indolent B-cell neoplasm that comprises approximately 10% of all lymphoma. Notch2, a pivotal gene for marginal zone differentiation is found to be mutated in SMZL. Deregulated Notch2 signaling has been involved in tumorigenesis and also in B-cell malignancies. However the role of Notch2 and the downstream pathways that it influences for development of B-cell lymphoma remains unclear. In recent years, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) has become a functional and convincing technology for profiling gene expression and to discover new genes and transcripts that are involved in disease development in a single experiment. In the present study, using transcriptome sequencing approach, we have identified key genes and pathways that are probably the underlying cause in the development of B-cell lymphoma. We have identified a total of 15,083 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1067 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) between control and Notch2 knockdown B cells. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment and pathway analysis were applied for the identification of key genes and pathways involved in development of B-cell lymphoma. In addition, intermediate genes of top canonical pathways such as PI3K/AKT and NF-kB were found to be downregulated with Notch2 knockdown, indicating that these pathways could be the putative downstream effectors through which Notch2 mediates its oncogenic effects. Taken collectively, the identified crop of genes and pathways may be considered as targets for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Arasu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Pavithra Balakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Velusamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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Moroney JB, Vasudev A, Pertsemlidis A, Zan H, Casali P. Integrative transcriptome and chromatin landscape analysis reveals distinct epigenetic regulations in human memory B cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5435. [PMID: 33116135 PMCID: PMC7595102 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory B cells (MBCs) are long-lived and produce high-affinity, generally, class-switched antibodies. Here, we use a multiparameter approach involving CD27 to segregate naïve B cells (NBC), IgD+ unswitched (unsw)MBCs and IgG+ or IgA+ class-switched (sw)MBCs from humans of different age, sex and race. Conserved antibody variable gene expression indicates that MBCs emerge through unbiased selection from NBCs. Integrative analyses of mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, chromatin accessibility and cis-regulatory elements uncover a core mRNA-ncRNA transcriptional signature shared by IgG+ and IgA+ swMBCs and distinct from NBCs, while unswMBCs display a transitional transcriptome. Some swMBC transcriptional signature loci are accessible but not expressed in NBCs. Profiling miRNAs reveals downregulated MIR181, and concomitantly upregulated MIR181 target genes such as RASSF6, TOX, TRERF1, TRPV3 and RORα, in swMBCs. Finally, lncRNAs differentially expressed in swMBCs cluster proximal to the IgH chain locus on chromosome 14. Our findings thus provide new insights into MBC transcriptional programs and epigenetic regulation, opening new investigative avenues on these critical cell elements in human health and disease. Human memory B cells differentiate from naïve B cells and can express different immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes resulted from class-switch recombination. Here the authors describe, using transcriptional and epigenetic data from human memory B cells and integrated multi-omics analyses, the differentiation regulation and trajectory of IgG+, IgA+ and IgD+ memory B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Moroney
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Anusha Vasudev
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Alexander Pertsemlidis
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Hong Zan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Paolo Casali
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Grasseau A, Boudigou M, Le Pottier L, Chriti N, Cornec D, Pers JO, Renaudineau Y, Hillion S. Innate B Cells: the Archetype of Protective Immune Cells. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 58:92-106. [PMID: 31183788 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-019-08748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The innate B cell (IBC) population is heterogeneous and involved in the primary immune response. IBC functions include a high ability to produce natural antibodies with IgM isotype, the elimination of apoptotic cells, and a capacity to be cognate help to T cells. Among IBC subsets, B-1 cells and marginal zone B cells are the main producers of IgM, act as rapid immune responders that may relocate to follicular lymphoid and differentiate to cytokine and antibody-secreting cells shortly after infection. IBCs functions are highly dependent on their localization site and the nature of their B cell receptor repertoire, suggesting a high plasticity range of different immune responses. In this review, we will describe the nature and functions of the different innate-like B cell subsets, first in mice and then in humans. Besides this, we will emphasize the strong ability of these cells to undertake different protective functions from the first line of defense against pathogens to the regulatory role of the broader immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Grasseau
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France
| | - Marina Boudigou
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France
| | - Laëtitia Le Pottier
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France
| | - Nedra Chriti
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France
| | - Divi Cornec
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France
| | - Yves Renaudineau
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | - Sophie Hillion
- UMR1227, Lymphocytes B et Autoimmunité, Université de Brest, INSERM, CHU de Brest, BP824, F29609, Brest, France. .,Laboratory of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CHU Brest, Brest, France.
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Lue JK, O’Connor OA, Bertoni F. Targeting pathogenic mechanisms in marginal zone lymphoma: from concepts and beyond. ANNALS OF LYMPHOMA 2020; 4:7. [PMID: 34667996 PMCID: PMC7611845 DOI: 10.21037/aol-20-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) represents a group of three distinct though overlapping lymphoid malignancies that includes extranodal, nodal and splenic marginal lymphoma. MZL patients usually present an indolent clinical course, although the disease remains largely incurable, save early stage disease that might be irradiated. Therapeutic advances have been limited due to the small patient population, and have largely been adapted from other indolent lymphomas. Here, we discuss the numerous targets and pathways which may offer the prospect of directly inhibiting the mechanisms identified promoting and sustaining marginal zone lymphomagenesis. In particular, we focus on the agents that may have at least a theoretical application in the disease. Various dysregulated pathways converge to produce an overarching stimulation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and the MYD88-IRAK4 axis, which can be thus leveraged or targeting B-cell receptor signaling through BTK inhibitors (such as ibrutinib, zanubrutinib, acalabrutinib) and PI3K inhibitors (such as idelalisib, copanlisib, duvelisib umbralisib) or via more novel agents in development such as MALT1 inhibitors, SMAC mimetics, NIK inhibitors, IRAK4 or MYD88 inhibitors. NOTCH signaling is also crucial for marginal zone cells, but no clinical data are available with NOTCH inhibitors such as the γ-secretase inhibitor PF-03084014 or the NICD inhibitor CB-103. The hypermethylation phenotype, the overexpression of the PRC2-complex or the presence of TET2 mutations reported in MZL subsets make epigenetic agents (demethylating agents, EZH2 inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors) also potential therapeutic tools for MZL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Lue
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, New York, NY, USA
| | - Owen A. O’Connor
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Program for T-Cell Lymphoma Research, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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