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Chen X, Zhang H, Xiao B. C9orf16 represents the aberrant genetic programs and drives the progression of PDAC. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1102. [PMID: 36307773 PMCID: PMC9615161 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), constituting 90% of pancreatic cancers, is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Lack of early detection of PDAC contributes to its poor prognosis as patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease. This is mostly due to the lack of promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets and corresponding drugs.
Methods and results
Here, by bioinformatic analysis of single cell RNA-sequencing data on normal pancreas tissues, primary and metastatic PDAC tumors, we identified a promising PDAC biomarker, C9orf16. The expression of C9orf16, rarely detectable in normal epithelial cells, was upregulated in primary PDAC cancer cells and was further elevated in metastatic PDAC cancer cells. Gain or loss of function of C9orf16 demonstrated its critical functions in regulating the cell proliferation, invasion and chemotherapy resistance of cancer cells. Pathway analysis and functional studies identified MYC signaling pathways as the most activated pathways in regulating C9orf16 expression and in mediating the development and progression of PDAC.
Conclusions
These data suggested a crucial gene regulation system, MYC-C9orf16, which is actively involved in PDAC development and progression, and targeting this system should be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Fujimaki J, Sayama N, Shiotani S, Suzuki T, Nonaka M, Uezono Y, Oyabu M, Kamei Y, Nukaya H, Wakabayashi K, Morita A, Sato T, Miura S. The Steroidal Alkaloid Tomatidine and Tomatidine-Rich Tomato Leaf Extract Suppress the Human Gastric Cancer-Derived 85As2 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo via Modulation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051023. [PMID: 35267998 PMCID: PMC8912548 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The steroidal alkaloid tomatidine is an aglycone of α-tomatine, which is abundant in tomato leaves and has several biological activities. Tomatidine has been reported to inhibit the growth of cultured cancer cells in vitro, but its anti-cancer activity in vivo and inhibitory effect against gastric cancer cells remain unknown. We investigated the efficacy of tomatidine using human gastric cancer-derived 85As2 cells and its tumor-bearing mouse model and evaluated the effect of tomatidine-rich tomato leaf extract (TRTLE) obtained from tomato leaves. In the tumor-bearing mouse model, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by feeding a diet containing tomatidine and TRTLE for 3 weeks. Tomatidine and TRTLE also inhibited the proliferation of cultured 85As2 cells. Microarray data of gene expression analysis in mouse tumors revealed that the expression levels of mRNAs belonging to the type I interferon signaling pathway were altered in the mice fed the diet containing tomatidine and TRTLE. Moreover, the knockdown of one of the type I interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), interferon α-inducible protein 27 (IFI27), inhibited the proliferation of cultured 85As2 cells. This study demonstrates that tomatidine and TRTLE inhibit the tumor growth in vivo and the proliferation of human gastric cancer-derived 85As2 cells in vitro, which could be due to the downregulation of ISG expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Fujimaki
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Neo Sayama
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Shigenobu Shiotani
- Food Research Institute, Tokai Bussan Co., Ltd., Tokyo 101-0032, Japan; (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Food Research Institute, Tokai Bussan Co., Ltd., Tokyo 101-0032, Japan; (S.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.U.)
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Department of Pain Control Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (M.N.); (Y.U.)
| | - Mamoru Oyabu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan; (M.O.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yasutomi Kamei
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan; (M.O.); (Y.K.)
| | - Haruo Nukaya
- Food and Environment Research Center, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (H.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- Food and Environment Research Center, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (H.N.); (K.W.)
| | - Akihito Morita
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Tomoki Sato
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Shinji Miura
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (J.F.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-54-264-5559
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3
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Guo K, Li L. Prediction of Key Candidate Genes for Platinum Resistance in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:8237-8248. [PMID: 34815697 PMCID: PMC8605930 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s338044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ovarian cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of female reproductive organs, which seriously threatens the life and health of women. Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs for ovarian cancer is the root cause of recurrence in most patients. The purpose of this study is to determine the differentially expressed genes of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer, and to screen out molecular targets and diagnostic markers that could be used to treat ovarian cancer platinum resistance. Methods We downloaded 5 gene microarray datasets GSE58470, GSE45553, GSE41499, GSE33482, and GSE15372 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, all of which are associated with ovarian cancer platinum resistance. Subsequently, the intersection of the statistically significant differentially expressed genes in 5 gene chips was taken, and relevant bioinformatics and clinical parameters were performed on the screened differential genes. qRT-PCR was utilized to examine the mRNA expression levels in ovarian cancer sensitive and cisplatin-resistant cells. Results Three differential genes, IFI27, JAG1, DNM3, may be closely related to platinum resistance of ovarian cancer, were screened by microarray datasets. According to the combined verification of bioinformatics, clinical case analyses and experiments, it was inferred that the increased expression of DNM3 was beneficial to patients with platinum resistance, but the high expression of IFI27 and JAG1 may lead to the risk of platinum resistance. Conclusion IFI27, JAG1 and DNM3 screened by relevant gene chips may serve as new biomarkers of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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4
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Huang S, Zhao J, Song J, Li Y, Zuo R, Sa Y, Ma Z, OuYang H. Interferon alpha-inducible protein 27 (IFI27) is a prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8515-8528. [PMID: 34592906 PMCID: PMC8806992 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1985858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate biomarkers to predict the genesis and progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) are needed in the fight against this deadly disease. Here, we combined multiple datasets (GEO, TCGA and GTEx) to conduct a comprehensive analysis of pancreatic cancer. Through an in-depth analysis, we discovered that the expression of the gene encoding interferon alpha-inducible protein 27 (IFI27) was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer tissues than that in normal tissues, and that higher expression of IFI27 was negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients. The functional annotation of IFI27 demonstrated relationships to cellular immunity and metabolism, especially glycolysis. Analysis of infiltrating immune cells displayed that higher expression of IFI27 expression correlates with decreased CD8 + T cells and increased M2 macrophages in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), then biochemical analyses of a mouse model and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining verified that glycolytic enzymes and M2 macrophages increased significantly in pancreatic cancer tissues. We speculate that IFI27 may affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) of PAAD by regulating cellular immunity and metabolism, thereby promoting the progression of pancreatic carcinoma and worsening the prognosis. These findings of our present study are solid evidence that IFI27 is a potential prognostic biomarker of pancreatic cancer and that it affects the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Huang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jinglin Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianxin Song
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanqiong Li
- Central Sterile Supply Department, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rongxia Zuo
- Center for Clinical Medicine Research (Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology), The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yalian Sa
- Center for Clinical Medicine Research (Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Virology), The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhihui Ma
- Institute of Ageing Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongmei OuYang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Institute of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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5
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Scherer D, Dávila López M, Goeppert B, Abrahamsson S, González Silos R, Nova I, Marcelain K, Roa JC, Ibberson D, Umu SU, Rounge TB, Roessler S, Lorenzo Bermejo J. RNA Sequencing of Hepatobiliary Cancer Cell Lines: Data and Applications to Mutational and Transcriptomic Profiling. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2510. [PMID: 32899426 PMCID: PMC7565451 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell lines allow the identification of clinically relevant alterations and the prediction of drug response. However, sequencing data for hepatobiliary cancer cell lines in general, and particularly gallbladder cancer (GBC), are sparse. Here, we apply RNA sequencing to characterize 10 GBC, eight hepatocellular carcinoma, and five cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines. RNA extraction, quality control, library preparation, sequencing, and pre-processing of sequencing data were implemented using state-of-the-art techniques. Public data from the MSK-IMPACT database and a large cohort of Japanese biliary tract cancer patients were used to illustrate the usage of the released data. The total number of exonic mutations varied from 7207 for the cell line NOZ to 9760 for HuCCT1. Researchers planning experiments that require TP53 mutations could use the cell lines NOZ, OCUG-1, SNU308, or YoMi. Mz-Cha-1 showed mutations in ATM, SNU308 presented SMAD4 mutations, and the only investigated cell line that showed ARID1A mutations was GB-d1. SNU478 was the cell line with the global gene expression pattern most similar to GBC, intrahepatic CCA, and extrahepatic CCA. EGFR, KMT2D, and KMT2C generally presented a higher expression in the investigated cell lines than in Japanese primary GBC tumors. We provide the scientific community with detailed mutation and gene expression data, together with three showcase applications, with the aim of facilitating the design of future in vitro cell culture assays for research on hepatobiliary cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Scherer
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (R.G.S.); (I.N.)
| | - Marcela Dávila López
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.D.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Benjamin Goeppert
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.G.); (S.R.)
| | - Sanna Abrahamsson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.D.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Rosa González Silos
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (R.G.S.); (I.N.)
| | - Igor Nova
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (R.G.S.); (I.N.)
| | - Katherine Marcelain
- Department of Basic and Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad ode Chile, 8380000 Santiago, Chile;
| | - Juan C. Roa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330024 Santiago, Chile;
| | - David Ibberson
- Deep Sequencing Core Facility, CellNetworks Excellence Cluster, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Sinan U. Umu
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (S.U.U.); (T.B.R.)
| | - Trine Ballestad Rounge
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (S.U.U.); (T.B.R.)
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephanie Roessler
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (B.G.); (S.R.)
| | - Justo Lorenzo Bermejo
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (D.S.); (R.G.S.); (I.N.)
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6
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Khonthun C, Saikachain N, Popluechai S, Kespechara K, Hiranyakas A, Srikummool M, Surangkul D. Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression Involved in Butyrate-Resistant Colorectal Carcinoma HCT116 Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1739-1746. [PMID: 32592372 PMCID: PMC7568904 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.6.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is usually found in cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer stem-like cells that are often regarded as the target for cancer monitoring. However, the different patterns of their transcriptomic profiling is still unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to illustrate the transcriptomic profile of CSCs and butyrate-resistant colorectal carcinoma cells (BR-CRCs), by comparing them with parental colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in order to identify distinguishing transcription patterns of the CSCs and BR-CRCs. METHODS Parental CRC cells HCT116 (HCT116-PT) were cultured and induced to establish the butyrate resistant cell model (HCT116-BR). Commercial enriching of the HCT116-CSCs were grown in a tumorsphere suspension culture, which was followed firstly by the assessment of butyrate tolerance using MTT and PrestoBlue. Then their gene expression profiling was analyzed by microarray. RESULTS The results showed that both butyrate-resistant HCT116 cells (HCT116-BR) and HCT116-CSCs were more tolerant a butyrate effects than HCT116-PT cells. Differentially expressed gene profiles exhibited that IFI27, FOXQ1, PRF1, and SLC2A3 genes were increasingly expressed in CSCs, and were dramatically overexpressed in HCT116-BR cells when compared with HCT116-PT cells. Moreover, PKIB and LOC399959 were downregulated both in HCT116-CSCs and HCT116-BR cells. CONCLUSION Our findings shed light on the transcriptomic profiles of chemoresistant CRC cells. This data should be useful for further study to provide guidelines for clinical prognosis to determine the guidelines for CRC treatment, especially in patients with chemoresistance and designing novel anti-neoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakkraphong Khonthun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
| | - Nongluk Saikachain
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
| | - Siam Popluechai
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chaiang Rai, Thailand.
- Gut microbiome research group, Mae Fah Luang University, Chaiang Rai, Thailand.
| | | | | | - Metawee Srikummool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
| | - Damratsamon Surangkul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
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7
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Lasso G, Mayer SV, Winkelmann ER, Chu T, Elliot O, Patino-Galindo JA, Park K, Rabadan R, Honig B, Shapira SD. A Structure-Informed Atlas of Human-Virus Interactions. Cell 2019; 178:1526-1541.e16. [PMID: 31474372 PMCID: PMC6736651 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
While knowledge of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is critical for understanding virus-host relationships, limitations on the scalability of high-throughput methods have hampered their identification beyond a number of well-studied viruses. Here, we implement an in silico computational framework (pathogen host interactome prediction using structure similarity [P-HIPSTer]) that employs structural information to predict ∼282,000 pan viral-human PPIs with an experimental validation rate of ∼76%. In addition to rediscovering known biology, P-HIPSTer has yielded a series of new findings: the discovery of shared and unique machinery employed across human-infecting viruses, a likely role for ZIKV-ESR1 interactions in modulating viral replication, the identification of PPIs that discriminate between human papilloma viruses (HPVs) with high and low oncogenic potential, and a structure-enabled history of evolutionary selective pressure imposed on the human proteome. Further, P-HIPSTer enables discovery of previously unappreciated cellular circuits that act on human-infecting viruses and provides insight into experimentally intractable viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Lasso
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra V Mayer
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evandro R Winkelmann
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tim Chu
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver Elliot
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Kernyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barry Honig
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sagi D Shapira
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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8
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Signature molecules expressed differentially in a liver disease stage-specific manner by HIV-1 and HCV co-infection. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202524. [PMID: 30138348 PMCID: PMC6107166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate HIV-1 co-infection-induced acceleration of HCV liver disease and identify stage-specific molecular signatures, we applied a new high-resolution molecular screen, the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array (HTA2.0), to HCV-mono- and HIV/HCV-co-infected liver specimens from subjects with early and advanced disease. Out of 67,528 well-annotated genes, we have analyzed the functional and statistical significance of 75 and 28 genes expressed differentially between early and advanced stages of HCV mono- and HIV/HCV co-infected patient liver samples, respectively. We also evaluated the expression of 25 and 17 genes between early stages of mono- and co-infected liver tissues and between advanced stages of mono- and co-infected patient's samples, respectively. Based on our analysis of fold-change in gene expression as a function of disease stage (i.e., early vs. advanced), coupled with consideration of the known relevant functions of these genes, we focused on four candidate genes, ACSL4, GNMT, IFI27, and miR122, which are expressed stage-specifically in HCV mono- and HIV-1/HCV co-infective liver disease and are known to play a pivotal role in regulating HCV-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our qRT-PCR analysis of the four genes in patient liver specimens supported the microarray data. Protein products of each gene were detected in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where HCV replication takes place, and the genes' expression significantly altered replicability of HCV in the subgenomic replicon harboring regulatory genes of the JFH1 strain of HCV in Huh7.5.1. With respect to three well-known transferrable HIV-1 viral elements-Env, Nef, and Tat-Nef uniquely augmented replicon expression, while Tat, but not the others, substantially modulated expression of the candidate genes in hepatocytic cells. Combinatorial expression of these cellular and viral genes in the replicon cells further altered replicon expression. Taken together, these results showed that HIV-1 viral proteins can exacerbate liver pathology in the co-infected patients by disparate molecular mechanisms-directly or indirectly dysregulating HCV replication, even if lack of association of HCV load and end-stage liver disease in hemophilic patients were reported, and modulating expression of hepatocellular genes critical for disease progression. These findings also provide major insights into development of stage-specific hepatocellular biomarkers for improved diagnosis and prognosis of HCV-mediated liver disease.
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9
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Zhang W, Lohman AW, Zhuravlova Y, Lu X, Wiens MD, Hoi H, Yaganoglu S, Mohr MA, Kitova EN, Klassen JS, Pantazis P, Thompson RJ, Campbell RE. Optogenetic control with a photocleavable protein, PhoCl. Nat Methods 2017; 14:391-394. [PMID: 28288123 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.4222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To expand the range of experiments that are accessible with optogenetics, we developed a photocleavable protein (PhoCl) that spontaneously dissociates into two fragments after violet-light-induced cleavage of a specific bond in the protein backbone. We demonstrated that PhoCl can be used to engineer light-activatable Cre recombinase, Gal4 transcription factor, and a viral protease that in turn was used to activate opening of the large-pore ion channel Pannexin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alexander W Lohman
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Xiaocen Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew D Wiens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hiofan Hoi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sine Yaganoglu
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel A Mohr
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elena N Kitova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John S Klassen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Periklis Pantazis
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roger J Thompson
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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10
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ISG12a inhibits HCV replication and potentiates the anti-HCV activity of IFN-α through activation of the Jak/STAT signaling pathway independent of autophagy and apoptosis. Virus Res 2016; 227:231-239. [PMID: 27777077 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interferon stimulated (sensitive) genes (ISGs) are the effector molecules downstream of type I/III interferon (IFN) signaling pathways in host innate immunity. ISG12a can be induced by IFN-α. Although ISG12a has been reported to inhibit the replication of HCV, the exact mechanism remains to be determined. In this study, we investigated the possible mechanisms of ISG12a anti- HCV property by exploring the production of type I IFN and the activation of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/STAT) signaling pathway, apoptosis and autophagy in Huh7.5.1 cells transiently transfected with ISG12a over-expression plasmid. Interestingly, we found that ISG12a inhibited HCV replication in both Con1b replicon and the HCV JFH1-based cell culture system and potentiated the anti-HCV activity of IFN-α. ISG12a promoted the production of IFN α/β and activated the type I IFN signaling pathway as shown by increased p-STAT1 level, higher Interferon sensitive response element (ISRE) activity and up-regulated ISG levels. However, ISG12a over-expression did not affect cell autophagy and apoptosis. Data from our current study collectively indicated that ISG12a inhibited HCV replication and potentiated the anti-HCV activity of IFN-α possibly through induced production of type I IFNs and activation of Jak/STAT signaling pathway independent of autophagy and cell apoptosis.
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11
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Hepatitis C virus NS5A protein cooperates with phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIα to induce mitochondrial fragmentation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23464. [PMID: 27010100 PMCID: PMC4806301 DOI: 10.1038/srep23464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has long been observed to take advantage of the host mitochondria to support viral replication and assembly. The HCV core protein has been implicated to fragment host mitochondria. In this report, we have discovered that the non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) plays an instructive role in attaching ER with mitochondria, causing mitochondrial fragmentation. Dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1), a host protein essential to mitochondrial membrane fission, does not play a role in NS5A-induced mitochondrial fragmentation. Instead, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIα (PI4KA), which has been demonstrated to bind to NS5A and is required to support HCV life cycle, is required for NS5A to induce mitochondrial fragmentation. Both NS5A and core are required by HCV to fragment the mitochondria, as inhibiting either of their respective downstream proteins, PI4KA or Drp1, resulted in lengthening of mitochondria tubules in HCVcc-infected cells. By fragmenting the mitochondria, NS5A renders the cells more resistant to mitochondria mediated apoptosis. This finding indicates previously-ignored contribution of NS5A in HCV-induced mitochondria dysfunction.
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12
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Zhang F, Qi Y, Harrison TJ, Luo B, Zhou Y, Li X, Song A, Huang W, Wang Y. Hepatitis E genotype 4 virus from feces of monkeys infected experimentally can be cultured in PLC/PRF/5 cells and upregulate host interferon-inducible genes. J Med Virol 2014; 86:1736-44. [PMID: 25042677 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the interaction between hepatitis E virus (HEV) and its host cells has been impeded greatly by the absence of a cell culture system. In this study, an efficient cultivation method was developed in PLC/PRF/5 cells for HEV genotype 4 from the feces of monkeys infected experimentally. Compared to minimal essential medium (MEM), mixed Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM)/M199 improved the infection efficiency of HEV in PLC/PRF/5 cells. The incubation time and temperature were set at 6 hr and 40°C, respectively. Compared to a 100% ELISA positive ratio (EPR) of 1 × 10(6) copies/ml HEV inoculated flasks, the ELISA positive ratio was 100%, 75%, 37.5%, and 100% for flasks inoculated with HEV incubated for 30 min under the conditions of pH 3.0, pH 11.0, 56°C and delipidation treatment, respectively. Gene expression profiles of HEV inoculated and control PLC/PRF/5 cells were assayed using a microarray. Four interferon-inducible genes, IFI27, IFI6, Mx1, and CMPK2, were up-regulated during HEV-infection. Furthermore, the replication of HEV was inhibited at 3-14 days after treatment with 500 IU/ml IFN-α2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Division of Monoclonal Antibody Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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13
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Li S, Xie Y, Zhang W, Gao J, Wang M, Zheng G, Yin X, Xia H, Tao X. Interferon alpha-inducible protein 27 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and induces ovarian tumorigenicity and stemness. J Surg Res 2014; 193:255-64. [PMID: 25103640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon alpha-inducible protein 27 (IFI27) is an interferon alpha-inducible protein, which was found to be upregulated in some cancers, such as breast cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and serous ovarian carcinoma. However, the role of IFI27 in ovarian cancer remains to be elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the role of IFI27 in ovarian cancer tumorigenicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of IFI27 was examined in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines by real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The cell migration and invasion was investigated by wound healing and transwell invasion assay. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers were detected by Western blotting and the stemness was evaluated by sphere formation. The tumor growth was examined in the athymic mice model. RESULTS We found that IFI27 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer and associated with patients' survival. Interestingly, we further observed that the expression of IFI27 was associated with the expression of mesenchymal marker vimentin in ovarian cancer. Overexpression of IFI27 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes epithelial ovarian cancer cells migration and invasion, tumorigenicity, stemness, and drug resistance. Moreover, overexpression of IFI27 is associated with loss of miR-502 in ovarian cancer. Reexpression of miR-502 inhibits IFI27-induced tumorigenicity, migration, and drug resistance. CONCLUSIONS These data suggested that IFI27 may be a potential target for developing novel diagnosis strategies and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yangpu District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Junfeng Gao
- Department of Oncology, Hefei First People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Guoxuan Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xing Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Hongping Xia
- Department of Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Xiang Tao
- Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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A network biology approach to discover the molecular biomarker associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:278956. [PMID: 24949431 PMCID: PMC4053081 DOI: 10.1155/2014/278956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, high throughput technologies such as microarray platform have provided a new avenue for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) investigation. Traditionally, gene sets enrichment analysis of survival related genes is commonly used to reveal the underlying functional mechanisms. However, this approach usually produces too many candidate genes and cannot discover detailed signaling transduction cascades, which greatly limits their clinical application such as biomarker development. In this study, we have proposed a network biology approach to discover novel biomarkers from multidimensional omics data. This approach effectively combines clinical survival data with topological characteristics of human protein interaction networks and patients expression profiling data. It can produce novel network based biomarkers together with biological understanding of molecular mechanism. We have analyzed eighty HCC expression profiling arrays and identified that extracellular matrix and programmed cell death are the main themes related to HCC progression. Compared with traditional enrichment analysis, this approach can provide concrete and testable hypothesis on functional mechanism. Furthermore, the identified subnetworks can potentially be used as suitable targets for therapeutic intervention in HCC.
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15
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Hammond GRV, Machner MP, Balla T. A novel probe for phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate reveals multiple pools beyond the Golgi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 205:113-26. [PMID: 24711504 PMCID: PMC3987136 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201312072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of a new biosensor for PtdIns4P reveals a wider cellular distribution for the polyphosphoinositide than the Golgi localization reported previously, including pools in both the plasma membrane and late endosomes/lysosomes. Polyphosphoinositides are an important class of lipid that recruit specific effector proteins to organelle membranes. One member, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) has been localized to Golgi membranes based on the distribution of lipid binding modules from PtdIns4P effector proteins. However, these probes may be biased by additional interactions with other Golgi-specific determinants. In this paper, we derive a new PtdIns4P biosensor using the PtdIns4P binding of SidM (P4M) domain of the secreted effector protein SidM from the bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila. PtdIns4P was necessary and sufficient for localization of P4M, which revealed pools of the lipid associated not only with the Golgi but also with the plasma membrane and Rab7-positive late endosomes/lysosomes. PtdIns4P distribution was determined by the localization and activities of both its anabolic and catabolic enzymes. Therefore, P4M reports a wider cellular distribution of PtdIns4P than previous probes and therefore will be valuable for dissecting the biological functions of PtdIns4P in its assorted membrane compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald R V Hammond
- Program in Developmental Neuroscience and 2 Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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16
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Brown JR, Magid-Slav M, Sanseau P, Rajpal DK. Computational biology approaches for selecting host-pathogen drug targets. Drug Discov Today 2011; 16:229-36. [PMID: 21277381 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation of genomic platform data, ranging from silencing RNAs through mRNA and microRNA expression to proteomics, is providing new insights into the interplay between human and pathogen genes during infection: the so-called 'host-pathogen interactome'. Exploiting the interactome for novel human drug targets could provide new therapeutic avenues towards the treatment of infectious disease, which could ameliorate the growing clinical challenge of drug-resistant infections. Using the hepatitis C virus interactome as an example, here we suggest a computational biology framework for identifying and prioritizing potential human host targets against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Brown
- Computational Biology, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, UP1345, PO Box 5089, Collegeville, PA 19426-0989, USA
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17
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Cheriyath V, Leaman DW, Borden EC. Emerging roles of FAM14 family members (G1P3/ISG 6-16 and ISG12/IFI27) in innate immunity and cancer. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2010; 31:173-81. [PMID: 20939681 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2010.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) manifest their cellular functions by regulating expression of target genes known collectively as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). The repertoires of ISGs vary slightly between cell types, but routinely include a core of common ISGs robustly upregulated in most IFN-treated cells. Here, we review the regulation and cellular functions of 2 related ISGs, ISG12 (IFI27) and G1P3 (ISG 6-16), that are commonly induced by IFNs in most, if not all, IFN-responsive cells. On the basis of sequence similarity, they are grouped together within the newly defined FAM14 family. Emerging data on ISG12 and G1P3 suggest that both are mitochondrial proteins with opposing activities on apoptosis that may influence the innate immune responses of IFNs. The G1P3 gene encodes a low molecular weight mitochondrial protein that may stabilize mitochondrial function and oppose apoptosis. In contrast, ISG12 expression may sensitize cells to apoptotic stimuli via mitochondrial membrane destabilization. On the basis of these results and differences in induction kinetics between ISG12 and G1P3, we have proposed a model for the role of these genes in mediating cellular activity of IFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopalan Cheriyath
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
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18
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Pezacki JP, Singaravelu R, Lyn RK. Host-virus interactions during hepatitis C virus infection: a complex and dynamic molecular biosystem. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2010; 6:1131-42. [PMID: 20549003 DOI: 10.1039/b924668c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global health issue with no vaccine available and limited clinical treatment options. Like other obligate parasites, HCV requires host cellular components of an infected individual to propagate. These host-virus interactions during HCV infection are complex and dynamic and involve the hijacking of host cell environments, enzymes and pathways. Understanding this unique molecular biosystem has the potential to yield new and exciting strategies for therapeutic intervention. Advances in genomics and proteomics have opened up new possibilities for the rapid measurement of global changes at the transcriptional and translational levels during infection. However, these techniques only yield snapshots of host-virus interactions during HCV infection. Other new methods that involve the imaging of biomolecular interactions during HCV infection are required to identify key interactions that may be transient and dynamic. Herein we highlight systems biology based strategies that have helped to identify key host-virus interactions during HCV replication and infection. Novel biophysical tools are also highlighted for identification and visualization of activities and interactions between HCV and its host hepatocyte. As some of these methods mature, we expect them to pave the way forward for further exploration of this complex biosystem and elucidation of mechanisms for HCV pathogenesis and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Paul Pezacki
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Dr., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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19
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Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding of HCC heterogeneity have shown not only distinct molecular classes with potential therapeutical implications but also have suggested that subclasses might be mirrored by tumour morphology and phenotype. The classification of HCC is therefore shifting from a more traditional, morphology-based approach to a more functional approach with clinical implications. The classical histological patterns (trabecular, pseudoglandular, solid, etc.) are still taken into account but in combination with other parameters such as cell grading, clonal changes, type and extent of vascularisation, tumour immunophenotype etc. This array of morpho-phenotypical features is expected to ultimately provide information about cell of origin, tumour behaviour and, hopefully, treatment sensitivity. In this chapter we will give a brief overview on modern principles of hepatic carcinogenesis by outlining the events/lesions bridging the microscopic dysplasia to advanced HCC. In this context special emphasis will be given to novel concepts and diagnostics and differential diagnosis of small HCC (of early and progressed type), which is the main target of the surveillance in the cirrhotic population. Novel and emerging subpopulations of HCC will also be considered, for example HCC with stem/progenitor cell phenotype and mixed hepatobiliary forms which are filling the traditional separation between two entities (HCC and cholangiocarcinoma), likely more inter-related than previously thought.
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20
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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins induce NADPH oxidase 4 expression in a transforming growth factor beta-dependent manner: a new contributor to HCV-induced oxidative stress. J Virol 2009; 83:12934-46. [PMID: 19812163 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01059-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral hepatitis-induced oxidative stress accompanied by increased levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and hepatic fibrosis are hallmarks of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The mechanisms of redox regulation in the pathogenesis of HCV-induced liver disease are not clearly understood. The results of our current studies suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from Nox4, a member of the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family, could play a role in HCV-induced liver disease. We found that the expression of HCV (genotype 1a) cDNA constructs (full-length and subgenomic), core protein alone, viral RNA, or replicating HCV (JFH-AM2) induced Nox4 mRNA expression and ROS generation in human hepatocyte cell lines (Huh-7, Huh-7.5, HepG2, and CHL). Conversely, hepatocytes expressing Nox4 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or an inactive dominant negative form of Nox4 showed decreased ROS production when cells were transfected with HCV. The promoters of both human and murine Nox4 were used to demonstrate transcriptional regulation of Nox4 mRNA by HCV, and a luciferase reporter tied to an approximately 2-kb promoter region of Nox4 identified HCV-responsive regulatory regions modulating the expression of Nox4. Furthermore, the human Nox4 promoter was responsive to TGF-beta1, and the HCV core-dependent induction of Nox4 was blocked by antibody against TGF-beta or the expression of dominant negative TGF-beta receptor type II. These findings identified HCV as a regulator of Nox4 gene expression and subsequent ROS production through an autocrine TGF-beta-dependent mechanism. Collectively, these data provide evidence that HCV-induced Nox4 contributes to ROS production and may be related to HCV-induced liver disease.
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21
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Cellular models for the screening and development of anti-hepatitis C virus agents. Pharmacol Ther 2009; 124:1-22. [PMID: 19555718 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Investigations on the biology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been hampered by the lack of small animal models. Efforts have therefore been directed to designing practical and robust cellular models of human origin able to support HCV replication and production in a reproducible, reliable and consistent manner. Many different models based on different forms of virions and hepatoma or other cell types have been described including virus-like particles, pseudotyped particles, subgenomic and full length replicons, virion productive replicons, immortalised hepatocytes, fetal and adult primary human hepatocytes. This review focuses on these different cellular models, their advantages and disadvantages at the biological and experimental levels, and their respective use for evaluating the effect of antiviral molecules on different steps of HCV biology including virus entry, replication, particles generation and excretion, as well as on the modulation by the virus of the host cell response to infection.
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22
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Dubois A, François C, Descamps V, Fournier C, Wychowski C, Dubuisson J, Castelain S, Duverlie G. Enhanced anti-HCV activity of interferon alpha 17 subtype. Virol J 2009; 6:70. [PMID: 19493343 PMCID: PMC2697159 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-6-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pegylated interferon alpha 2 (a or b) plus ribavirin is the most effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C but a large proportion of patients do not respond to therapy. So, it is interesting to improve the treatment efficacy. Interferon alpha is a type I interferon composed of 12 different subtypes. Each subtype signals by the Jak-Stat pathway but modulations in the antiviral activity was previously described. METHODS Using the hepatitis C virus (HCV) culture system, we have tested the anti-HCV activity of each interferon alpha subtypes. We have analyzed the effect of each subtype on the HCV multiplication and the cell-signaling pathway for some subtypes. RESULTS There were divergent effects of IFN alpha subtypes against HCV. We have found that IFN alpha 17 was three times more efficient than IFN alpha 2a on HCV. This efficiency was related to a stronger stimulation of the Jak-Stat pathway. CONCLUSION We suggest that IFN alpha17 should be tested therapeutically with a view to improving treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Dubois
- Virology Laboratory-Amiens University Medical Centre, France.
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23
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Jung KH, Dardick C, Bartley LE, Cao P, Phetsom J, Canlas P, Seo YS, Shultz M, Ouyang S, Yuan Q, Frank BC, Ly E, Zheng L, Jia Y, Hsia AP, An K, Chou HH, Rocke D, Lee GC, Schnable PS, An G, Buell CR, Ronald PC. Refinement of light-responsive transcript lists using rice oligonucleotide arrays: evaluation of gene-redundancy. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3337. [PMID: 18836531 PMCID: PMC2556097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of gene function are often hampered by gene-redundancy, especially in organisms with large genomes such as rice (Oryza sativa). We present an approach for using transcriptomics data to focus functional studies and address redundancy. To this end, we have constructed and validated an inexpensive and publicly available rice oligonucleotide near-whole genome array, called the rice NSF45K array. We generated expression profiles for light- vs. dark-grown rice leaf tissue and validated the biological significance of the data by analyzing sources of variation and confirming expression trends with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We examined trends in the data by evaluating enrichment of gene ontology terms at multiple false discovery rate thresholds. To compare data generated with the NSF45K array with published results, we developed publicly available, web-based tools (www.ricearray.org). The Oligo and EST Anatomy Viewer enables visualization of EST-based expression profiling data for all genes on the array. The Rice Multi-platform Microarray Search Tool facilitates comparison of gene expression profiles across multiple rice microarray platforms. Finally, we incorporated gene expression and biochemical pathway data to reduce the number of candidate gene products putatively participating in the eight steps of the photorespiration pathway from 52 to 10, based on expression levels of putatively functionally redundant genes. We confirmed the efficacy of this method to cope with redundancy by correctly predicting participation in photorespiration of a gene with five paralogs. Applying these methods will accelerate rice functional genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hong Jung
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher Dardick
- Appalachian Fruit Research Station, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Laura E. Bartley
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Peijian Cao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jirapa Phetsom
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick Canlas
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Shultz
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Shu Ouyang
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Qiaoping Yuan
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bryan C. Frank
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eugene Ly
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Li Zheng
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yi Jia
- Center for Plant Genomics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - An-Ping Hsia
- Center for Plant Genomics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Kyungsook An
- Functional Genomic Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Hsien Chou
- Center for Plant Genomics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - David Rocke
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Geun Cheol Lee
- College of Business Administration, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Patrick S. Schnable
- Center for Plant Genomics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Gynheung An
- Functional Genomic Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - C. Robin Buell
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Pamela C. Ronald
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Rosebeck S, Leaman DW. Mitochondrial localization and pro-apoptotic effects of the interferon-inducible protein ISG12a. Apoptosis 2008; 13:562-72. [PMID: 18330707 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-008-0190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
ISG12a is one of the most highly induced genes following treatment of cells with type I interferons (IFNs). The encoded protein belongs to a family of poorly characterized, low molecular weight IFN-inducible proteins that includes 6-16 (G1P3), 1-8U (IFITM3), and 1-8D (IFITM2). Our studies demonstrate that the ISG12a protein associates with or inserts into the mitochondrial membrane. Transient expression of ISG12a led to decreased viable cell numbers and enhanced sensitivity to DNA-damage induced apoptosis, effects that were blocked by Bcl-2 co-expression or treatment with a pan-caspase inhibitor. ISG12a enhanced etoposide induced cytochrome c release, Bax activation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. siRNA-mediated inhibition of ectopic ISG12a protein expression prevented the sensitization to etoposide-induced apoptosis and also decreased the ability of IFN-beta pretreatment to sensitize cells to etoposide, thereby demonstrating a role for ISG12a in this process. These data suggest that ISG12a contributes to IFN-dependent perturbation of normal mitochondrial function, thus adding ISG12a to a growing list of IFN-induced proteins that impact cellular apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Rosebeck
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA
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25
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Chang ML, Yeh CT, Chen JC, Huang CC, Lin SM, Sheen IS, Tai DI, Chu CM, Lin WP, Chang MY, Liang CK, Chiu CT, Lin DY. Altered expression patterns of lipid metabolism genes in an animal model of HCV core-related, nonobese, modest hepatic steatosis. BMC Genomics 2008; 9:109. [PMID: 18307821 PMCID: PMC2287171 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because the gene expression patterns of nonobese hepatic steatosis in affected patients remain unclear, we sought to explore these patterns using an animal model of nonobese hepatic steatosis. METHODS We developed mice that conditionally express the hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein regulated by the tetracycline transactivator (tTA). Microarray analyses and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed using liver samples of both the double transgenic mice (DTM), which express both the HCV core and tTA, and single transgenic mice (STM), which express tTA alone, at 2 months of age. Functional categories of genes with altered expression were classified using gene ontology programs. Serum glucose, lipid levels, and systemic blood pressure were also measured. RESULTS Approximately 20-30% of hepatocytes from the DTM were steatotic. No significant differences were observed in the serum glucose, lipid content, or blood pressure levels between the DTM and STM. Gene expression analyses revealed Sterol-regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) pathway activation and dysregulation of the following genes involved in lipid metabolism: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase 1, Apolipoprotein AII, Apolipoprotein CI, acyl-CoA thioesterase I, and fatty acid binding protein 1; in mitochondrial function: solute carrier family 25 member 25 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II; in immune reaction: complement component 3, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C, lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus D, and lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E. CONCLUSION Some genes of lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and immune reaction and the SREBP pathway are involved in HCV core-related, nonobese, modest hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ling Chang
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Chang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chun Huang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ming Lin
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Shyan Sheen
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Dar-In Tai
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Chu
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Pin Lin
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yu Chang
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Liang
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Chiu
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Yn Lin
- Liver Research Center and Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No 5, Fu Hsing Street, Kuei Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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