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Ayyanu R, Arul A, Song N, Anand Babu Christus A, Li X, Tamilselvan G, Bu Y, Kavitha S, Zhang Z, Liu N. Wearable sensor platforms for real-time monitoring and early warning of metabolic disorders in humans. Analyst 2023; 148:4616-4636. [PMID: 37712440 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01085f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the prevalence of metabolic syndromes (MSs) has attracted increasing concerns as it is closely related to overweight and obesity, physical inactivity and overconsumption of energy, making the diagnosis and real-time monitoring of the physiological range essential and necessary for avoiding illness due to defects in the human body such as higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke and diseases related to artery walls. However, the current sensing techniques are inconvenient and do not continuously monitor the health status of humans. Alternatively, the use of recent wearable device technology is a preferable method for the prevention of these diseases. This can enable the monitoring of the health status of humans in different health domains, including environment and structure. The use wearable devices with the purpose of facilitating rapid treatment and real-time monitoring can decrease the prevalence of MS and long-time monitor the health status of patients. This review highlights the recent advances in wearable sensors toward continuous monitoring of blood pressure and blood glucose, and further details the monitoring of abnormal obesity, triglycerides and HDL. We also discuss the challenges and future prospective of monitoring MS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikumar Ayyanu
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Amutha Arul
- Department of Chemistry, Francis Xavier Engineering College, Tirunelveli 627003, India
| | - Ninghui Song
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - A Anand Babu Christus
- Department Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus, Ramapuram-600089, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - G Tamilselvan
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yuanqing Bu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Chemistry, The M.D.T Hindu college (Affiliated to Manonmanium Sundaranar University), Tirunelveli-627010, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Nan Liu
- Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, P. R. China.
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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Nouri-Keshtkar M, Shojaei Shahrokhabadi M, Ghaheri A, Hosseini R, Ketabi H, Farjam M, Chen DG, Rezaeian M, Homayounfar R, Tahamtani Y, Totonchi M. Role of gender in explaining metabolic syndrome risk factors in an Iranian rural population using structural equation modelling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16007. [PMID: 37749166 PMCID: PMC10520016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Many factors can lead to an increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in different populations. Using an advanced structural equation model (SEM), this study is aimed to determine the most important risk factors of MetS, as a continuous latent variable, using a large number of males and females. We also aimed to evaluate the interrelations among the associated factors involved in the development of MetS. This study used data derived from the Fasa PERSIAN cohort study, a branch of the PERSIAN cohort study, for participants aged 35 to 70 years with 10,138 males and females. SEM was used to evaluate the direct and indirect effects, as well as gender effects of influencing factors. Results from the SEM showed that in females most changes in MetS are described by waist circumference (WC), followed by hypertension (HP) and triglyceride (TG), while in males most changes in MetS are described by WC, followed by TG then fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results from the SEM confirmed the gender effects of social status on MetS, mediated by sleep and controlled by age, BMI, ethnicity and physical activity. This study also shows that the integration of TG and WC within genders could be useful as a screening criterion for MetS in our study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Nouri-Keshtkar
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azadeh Ghaheri
- Department of Basic and Population Based Studies in NCD, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Hosseini
- Department of Basic and Population Based Studies in NCD, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Ketabi
- Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Farjam
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ding-Geng Chen
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Department of statistics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mehdi Rezaeian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yaser Tahamtani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Basic and Population Based Studies in NCD, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Totonchi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Shin SW, Kim H, Kang YH, Kim J. Accelerometer-derived physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns among Korean adults. Phys Act Nutr 2023; 27:25-33. [PMID: 37583069 PMCID: PMC10440183 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to provide an overview of accelerometer-derived physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) patterns among Korean adults. We also investigated the association between participant characteristics and the likelihood of adherence to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), SB, and the MVPA-SB guidelines. METHODS Data from the 2014-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. The study involved a nationally representative sample of 2,260 Korean adults aged ≥20 years. Accelerometers were used to measure PA and SB for seven days. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the participant characteristics and the likelihood of adhering to the MVPA, SB, and MVPA-SB guidelines. RESULTS SB (60.61%), light intensity (26.22%), and lifestyle activities (9.4%) accounted for the majority of the participants' days. MVPA and vigorous physical activity (VPA) accounted for 3.72% and 0.06% of the days, respectively. The MVPA guidelines were more likely to be adhered to by men, older adults, participants with higher education, non-smokers, and individuals without multimorbidity. Participants with higher education and household income were less likely to adhere to the SB guidelines. Women (OR=0.51), participants with high education levels (OR=0.54), current smokers (OR=0.47), and patients with multimorbidity (OR=0.46) were less likely to adhere to the MVPA-SB guidelines. CONCLUSION This study found that participants were predominantly sedentary, with only a small proportion engaging in VPA. There were differences related to demographic factors and health status. Most Korean adults do not adhere to the recommended MVPA-SB guidelines, and that is a serious public health concern. These findings highlight the need to promote PA and reduce SB through public health policies and interventions, particularly for adults facing PA barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Woo Shin
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hun Kang
- Research Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghoon Kim
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Laboratory, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- School of Applied Health, Cal Poly Humboldt, Arcata, CA 95521, USA
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Li H, Lynn HS, Zipunnikov V. Sex and Age Differences in Association between Physical Activity and Metabolic Syndrome: Results from NHANES 2003-2006. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081059. [PMID: 37107893 PMCID: PMC10138137 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether and how sex and age modify the association between accelerometer-based physical activity (PA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among American (US) adults. METHOD Adults aged ≥20 years old who participated in the mobile center examination during 2003-2006 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included for analysis. The total minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was estimated using ActiGraph. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of having MetS at an increasing MVPA time. The modification effects of gender and age on the association between MetS and MVPA time were examined by testing for two-way and three-way interaction terms of MVPA time, sex, and age in the model after adjusting for relevant covariates. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS generally decreased with the MVPA time and was lower in females than in males, although the sex difference varied across age groups. After adjusting for demographic and lifestyle covariates, there was a significant sex difference in how an increased MVPA time lowered the odds of MetS. This interactive effect also varied with age. MVPA benefitted young and middle-age populations up until about 65 years old for both sexes, and the protective effect weakened with age. Although the effect of MVPA was stronger for males than females at young ages, the rate at which it attenuated was quicker in males. The OR of MetS between males and females per unit change of MVPA time was 0.73 (95% CI: [0.57, 0.93]) at age = 25 years, compared to OR = 1.00 (95% CI: [0.88, 1.16]) at age = 60 years. Before the age of 50, the gender difference in the protective effect on MetS was larger at low MVPA levels and became smaller at higher MVPA levels. The male advantage was quite stable with an increasing MVPA time for ages 50-60, and no longer significant at older ages. CONCLUSIONS Young and middle-age populations benefitted from MVPA, lowering the risk of MetS for both sexes. A longer MVPA time was associated with a greater decrease in the risk of MetS in young men than in women, but the sex difference reduced with age and was no longer apparent in older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanying Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Henry S Lynn
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Vadim Zipunnikov
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Ringwald WR, Kaurin A, DuPont CM, Gianaros PJ, Marsland AL, Muldoon MF, Wright AG, Manuck SB. The personality meta-trait of stability and carotid artery atherosclerosis. J Pers 2023; 91:271-284. [PMID: 35366346 PMCID: PMC10760807 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several personality traits increase the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Because many of these traits are correlated, their associations with disease risk could reflect shared variance, rather than unique contributions of each trait. We examined a higher-order personality trait of Stability as related to preclinical atherosclerosis and tested whether any such relationship might be explained by correlated variation in cardiometabolic risk factors. METHOD Among 798 community volunteers, lower-order traits of Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness were modeled as latent variables (from self- and informant ratings) and used to estimate the second-order factor, Stability. Cardiometabolic risk was similarly modeled from indicators of glycemic control, blood pressure, adiposity, and lipids. Carotid artery atherosclerosis was measured as intima-media thickness (IMT) by duplex ultrasonography. RESULT A structural equation model incorporating direct and indirect effects showed lower Stability associated with greater IMT, and this relationship was accounted for by the indirect pathway via cardiometabolic risk. Secondary analyses showed that: (1) Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness were unrelated to IMT independent of Stability; and (2) Stability predicted variation in IMT when estimated from informant-, but not self-rated, traits. CONCLUSION Personality traits may associate with atherosclerotic burden through their shared, rather than unique, variance, as reflected in Stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksandra Kaurin
- Faculty of Health/School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Witten/Herdecke University
| | | | | | | | - Matthew F. Muldoon
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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Chaput JP, McHill AW, Cox RC, Broussard JL, Dutil C, da Costa BGG, Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Wright KP. The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:82-97. [PMID: 36280789 PMCID: PMC9590398 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Traditional risk factors for obesity and the metabolic syndrome, such as excess energy intake and lack of physical activity, cannot fully explain the high prevalence of these conditions. Insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment predispose individuals to poor metabolic health and promote weight gain and have received increased research attention in the past 10 years. Insufficient sleep is defined as sleeping less than recommended for health benefits, whereas circadian misalignment is defined as wakefulness and food intake occurring when the internal circadian system is promoting sleep. This Review discusses the impact of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in humans on appetite hormones (focusing on ghrelin, leptin and peptide-YY), energy expenditure, food intake and choice, and risk of obesity. Some potential strategies to reduce the adverse effects of sleep disruption on metabolic health are provided and future research priorities are highlighted. Millions of individuals worldwide do not obtain sufficient sleep for healthy metabolic functions. Furthermore, modern working patterns, lifestyles and technologies are often not conducive to adequate sleep at times when the internal physiological clock is promoting it (for example, late-night screen time, shift work and nocturnal social activities). Efforts are needed to highlight the importance of optimal sleep and circadian health in the maintenance of metabolic health and body weight regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew W McHill
- Sleep, Chronobiology, and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rebecca C Cox
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Josiane L Broussard
- Sleep and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Caroline Dutil
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bruno G G da Costa
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Yang Z, Chen S, Bao R, Li R, Bao K, Feng R, Zhong Z, Wang X. Public Health Concern on Sedentary Behavior and Cardiovascular Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis of Literature from 1990 to 2022. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58121764. [PMID: 36556966 PMCID: PMC9780999 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is a long-term threat to global public health security, while sedentary behavior is a modifiable behavior among cardiovascular risk factors. This study aimed to analyze the peer-reviewed literature published globally on sedentary behavior and cardiovascular disease (SB-CVD) and identify the hotspots and frontiers within this research area. Materials and Methods: Publications on SB-CVD from 1990 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were applied to perform bibliometric and knowledge mapping visualization analyses. Results: A total of 2071 publications were retrieved, presenting a gradual growing trend. Authors from the USA topped the list with 748 (36.12%), followed by authors from England (373, 18.01%) and Australia (354, 17.09%). The University of Queensland, Australia, led with 95 (4.5%) publications. The top five active authors were all from Australia, while Dunstan D and Owen N published the most documents (56, 2.7%). A total of 71.27% of the publications received funding, and the United States Department of Health and Human Services provided 363 (17.53%) grants. Public Environmental Occupational Health (498, 24.05%), Sport Sciences (237, 11.44%), and Cardiac Cardiovascular Systems (212, 10.24%) were the three most popular disciplines, while PLOS One (96, 4.64%) and BMC Public Health (88, 4.25%) were the two most popular journals. Investigations within the SB-CVD research area addressed the entire lifespan, the most popular type of research was the epidemiological study, and the accelerometer was the primary instrument for measuring sedentary behavior. In terms of variables, physical activity and sedentary behavior were the dominant lifestyle behaviors, while obesity and hypertension were common health problems. Occupational physical activity and guidelines are at the frontier and are currently in the burst stage. Conclusions: The last three decades have witnessed the rapid development of the SB-CVD research area, and this study provided further research ideas for subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Ran Bao
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ruizhe Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kaiming Bao
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Renzhi Feng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ziyi Zhong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence:
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Lee Y, Kwak S, Shin J. Effects of Recreational Physical Activity on Abdominal Obesity in Obese South Korean Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14634. [PMID: 36429349 PMCID: PMC9689999 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of general characteristics, health behaviors, and level of physical activity on abdominal obesity in obese adults (BMI (body mass index) ≥ 25 kg/m2) using data from the seventh period (2016-2018) of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We also prepared basic data on the improvement and management of abdominal obesity. The participants were 2343 obese adults (men, 1338; women, 1005) from the KNHANES. Factors relevant to abdominal obesity in obese Korean women were general characteristics (age, marital status, occupation, education, and menopause) and health behaviors (time for recreational physical activities and energy intake). In men, these factors tended to be health behaviors, including time spent on leisure physical activity, and sitting. It was found that over 600 Mets/week of recreational physical activity for both adult men and women reduced the incidence of abdominal obesity after adjusting for general characteristics and health behaviors (odds ratio (95% CI); men 0.69 (0.51-0.92); women, 0.61 (0.40-0.94)). Therefore, to prevent or improve abdominal obesity in obese adults in Korea, it is necessary to consider general characteristics and health behaviors according to sex. In addition, maintaining a physical activity rate of over 600 Mets/week is also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonmi Lee
- Department of Health Exercise Management, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjung Kwak
- Robotic Surgery Center, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
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Bennett JP, Liu YE, Quon BK, Kelly NN, Leong LT, Wong MC, Kennedy SF, Chow DC, Garber AK, Weiss EJ, Heymsfield SB, Shepherd JA. Three-dimensional optical body shape and features improve prediction of metabolic disease risk in a diverse sample of adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1589-1598. [PMID: 35894079 PMCID: PMC9333197 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined whether body shape and composition obtained by three-dimensional optical (3DO) scanning improved the prediction of metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence compared with BMI and demographics. METHODS A diverse ambulatory adult population underwent whole-body 3DO scanning, blood tests, manual anthropometrics, and blood pressure assessment in the Shape Up! Adults study. MetS prevalence was evaluated based on 2005 National Cholesterol Education Program criteria, and prediction of MetS involved logistic regression to assess (1) BMI, (2) demographics-adjusted BMI, (3) 85 3DO anthropometry and body composition measures, and (4) BMI + 3DO + demographics models. Receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) values were generated for each predictive model. RESULTS A total of 501 participants (280 female) were recruited, with 87 meeting the criteria for MetS. Compared with the BMI model (AUC = 0.819), inclusion of age, sex, and race increased the AUC to 0.861, and inclusion of 3DO measures further increased the AUC to 0.917. The overall integrated discrimination improvement between the 3DO + demographics and the BMI model was 0.290 (p < 0.0001) with a net reclassification improvement of 0.214 (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Body shape measures from an accessible 3DO scan, adjusted for demographics, predicted MetS better than demographics and/or BMI alone. Risk classification in this population increased by 29% when using 3DO scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Bennett
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Hawai'i Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Yong En Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Brandon K Quon
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Nisa N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Lambert T Leong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Michael C Wong
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Hawai'i Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Samantha F Kennedy
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Dominic C Chow
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Andrea K Garber
- Division of Adolescent & Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ethan J Weiss
- Division of Cardiology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - John A Shepherd
- Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Hawai'i Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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10
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Peiris C, Harding K, Porter J, Shields N, Gilfillan C, Taylor N. Understanding the hidden epidemic of metabolic syndrome in people accessing community rehabilitation: a cross-sectional study of physical activity, dietary intake, and health literacy. Disabil Rehabil 2022; 45:1471-1479. [PMID: 35476590 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2065540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients attending outpatient community rehabilitation in Melbourne, Australia and to compare health literacy, physical activity, and dietary intake of people with and without metabolic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional, multi-centre, observational study of adults (n = 193) presenting to rehabilitation with various health complaints. Metabolic syndrome was determined according to the International Diabetes Federation joint consensus worldwide definition. Health literacy was assessed using the Rapid Estimate of Adult literacy in Medicine (REALM) and the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA). Physical activity was assessed using accelerometers and dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS One hundred and twenty three participants (64%) had metabolic syndrome. Of these, only three (2%) knew they had it. People with metabolic syndrome scored lower on health literacy (S-TOFHLA MD -2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) -3.98 to -0.22) and took 1311 (95%CI 375 to 2246) fewer daily steps than those without metabolic syndrome. There were no differences in dietary intake. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic syndrome is a prevalent and under-recognised condition in community rehabilitation. Community healthcare professionals and health services may need to consider a broader approach to management including lifestyle assessment and intervention of patients with various conditions. Implications for rehabilitationAlmost two-thirds of adults in community rehabilitation had underlying, undetected metabolic syndrome.Adults with metabolic syndrome completed less objectively measured physical activity and had lower health literacy levels than those without metabolic syndrome.A broader approach to management may need to be considered in community rehabilitation where patients presenting for rehabilitation of various conditions would likely benefit from lifestyle assessment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Peiris
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katherine Harding
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,Eastern Health, Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Box Hill, Australia
| | - Judi Porter
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Nora Shields
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chris Gilfillan
- Eastern Clinical Research Unit, Eastern Health, Box Hill, Australia
| | - Nicholas Taylor
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,Eastern Health, Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Box Hill, Australia
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11
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Alkhulaifi F, Darkoh C. Meal Timing, Meal Frequency and Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091719. [PMID: 35565686 PMCID: PMC9102985 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with metabolic syndrome have increased risk for developing health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Modifiable risk factors, such as exercise and diet, are key components in the prevention and control of metabolic syndrome. Specifically, dietary patterns and habits are extremely successful in controlling more than one of the metabolic syndrome risk factors. Meal timing and frequency have been associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic conditions. However, there is limited evidence linking metabolic syndrome to meal timing and meal frequency. This review summarizes and discusses how meal timing and frequency impact metabolic outcomes in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatema Alkhulaifi
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Charles Darkoh
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Lin Y, Fan R, Hao Z, Li J, Yang X, Zhang Y, Xia Y. The Association Between Physical Activity and Insulin Level Under Different Levels of Lipid Indices and Serum Uric Acid. Front Physiol 2022; 13:809669. [PMID: 35185617 PMCID: PMC8847671 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.809669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Insulin resistance (IR) has been shown to play important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is an intricate interplay between IR, dyslipidemia, and serum uric acid (SUA) in people with and without diabetes. Physical activity has a positive impact on insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant populations. However, the effect of different intensities of physical activity on insulin levels under different lipid indices and SUA levels is unclear. Methods To explore the association between physical activity and insulin, we enrolled 12,982 participants aged above 18 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2009 and 2018. Next, we conducted multivariate logistic regression analyses, generated fitted smoothing curves, and visualized the data using generalized additive models. Results Increased intensities of physical activity can significantly reduce insulin levels. The association between physical activity and insulin persisted even after adjusting for confounding factors, with β value (95% CI) = −17.10 (−21.64, −12.56) in moderate group, β value (95% CI) = −28.60 (−33.08, −24.11) in high group, respectively. High-intensity physical activity significantly lowered insulin levels in the lower and higher SUA tertiles, and three tertiles of LDL-c, HDL-c, and TG. Moreover, the link between physical activity and insulin was stronger in male individuals. Conclusion This study shows that physical activity can significantly lower insulin levels, and high-intensity physical activity still has additional potential benefits for insulin levels, even in the condition of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia.
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13
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Bhatti AA, Rana S. Association of genetic variants and behavioral factors with the risk of metabolic syndrome in Pakistanis. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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14
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Thomas MC, Duggan KA, Kamarck TW, Wright AGC, Muldoon MF, Manuck SB. Conscientiousness and Cardiometabolic Risk: A Test of the Health Behavior Model of Personality Using Structural Equation Modeling. Ann Behav Med 2022; 56:100-111. [PMID: 33871021 PMCID: PMC8691392 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High trait conscientiousness is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk, and health behaviors are a putative but relatively untested pathway that may explain this association. PURPOSE To explore the role of key health behaviors (diet, physical activity, substance use, and sleep) as links between conscientiousness and cardiometabolic risk. METHODS In a cross-sectional analysis of 494 healthy, middle-aged working adults (mean age = 42.7 years, 52.6% women, 81.0% White), participants provided self-reports of conscientiousness, physical activity, substance use, diet, and sleep, and wore monitors over a 7-day monitoring period to assess sleep (Actiwatch-16) and physical activity (SenseWear Pro3). Cardiometabolic risk was expressed as a second-order latent variable from a confirmatory factor analysis involving insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and blood pressure. Direct, indirect, and specific indirect effect pathways linking conscientiousness to health behaviors and cardiometabolic risk were examined. Unstandardized indirect effects for each health behavior class were computed separately using bootstrapped samples. RESULTS After controlling for demographics (sex, age, race, and education), conscientiousness showed the predicted, inverse association with cardiometabolic risk. Among the examined health behaviors, objectively-assessed sleep midpoint variability (b = -0.003, p = .04), subjective sleep quality (b = -0.003, p = .025), and objectively-assessed physical activity (b = -0.11, p = .04) linked conscientiousness to cardiometabolic risk. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity and sleep partially accounted for the relationship between conscientiousness and cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Thomas
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Thomas W Kamarck
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Thomas W. Kamarck
| | - Aidan G C Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matthew F Muldoon
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen B Manuck
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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15
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Bai J, Wang Y, Zhang XF, Ouyang YF, Zhang B, Wang ZH, Du S, Wang HJ. Associations of Sedentary Time and Physical Activity with Metabolic Syndrome among Chinese Adults: Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES : BES 2021; 34:963-975. [PMID: 34981719 PMCID: PMC10023150 DOI: 10.3967/bes2021.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the independent and joint associations of sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components among Chinese adults. METHODS The study analyzed data from 4,865 adults aged ≥ 18 years who participated in the 2009 and 2015 China Health and Nutrition Surveys (CHNS). Four types of leisure ST and three types of PA self-reported at baseline were collected. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine the independent and joint associations of ST and PA with the odds of MetS or its components. RESULTS For independent effects, higher levels of television time and total leisure ST was associated with higher MetS risk [odds ratio ( OR) 1.3, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.1-1.6, P < 0.001; OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2-1.8, P < 0.001, respectively]. The MetS risk in the computer time > 7 hours/week (h/w) group was higher than that in the < 7 h/w group in ( OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.9). Higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and total PA were associated with a lower MetS risk ( OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.9, P < 0.001; OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7-0.9, P < 0.001, respectively). For the joint effects, compared with those reporting the lowest level of total leisure ST (< 14 h/w) and the most active tertile of MVPA (≥ 61.0 MET-h/w), participants reporting the most total leisure ST (≥ 35 h/w) and the lowest level of MVPA (0 MET-h/w) had the highest odds of MetS ( OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4-2.7). Except for people reporting ST (14-21 h/w) within the most active tertile of MVPA, the associations in all other groups were significant. With the increase of TV time and decreased MVPA, the odds of MetS almost showed a curve acceleration. CONCLUSIONS MVPA and total PA have independent preventive effects, and sedentary behavior (mainly watching TV) has an unsafe effect on MetS and its components. Strengthening the participation of MVPA and combining the LPA to replace the TV-based ST to increase the total PA may be necessary to reduce the prevalence of MetS in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yun Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xian-fan Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi-fei Ouyang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhi-hong Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition and Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 123 W. Franklin St. Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hui-jun Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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The Effect of Testosterone on Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men: A Review of Clinical and Preclinical Data. CJC Open 2021; 3:1238-1248. [PMID: 34888506 PMCID: PMC8636244 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The effects of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, on cardiovascular risk have been of special interest due to the increased risk of CVD in men. Although it is well established that testosterone levels decline and cardiovascular mortality increases with age, the association between testosterone and CVD remains unclear. Observational and randomized studies on the effects of endogenous and exogenous testosterone have produced conflicting data, and meta-analyses have been inconclusive, suggesting significant study heterogeneity. Despite a lack of adequately powered randomized controlled trials, large observational studies in the early 2010s led to advisories on the use of testosterone replacement therapy. Similar advisories have been mandated for certain types of androgen deprivation therapy. Additional research suggests that testosterone shortens the heart-rate-corrected QT interval, improves glycemic control, induces vasodilation, is prothrombotic, and has anti-obesity effects, whereas associations with atherosclerosis and inflammation are less clear. Despite inconclusive evidence on cardiovascular risk and inconsistencies among clinical practice guidelines, millions of men continue to use testosterone replacement and androgen deprivation therapy. In addition to summarizing clinical and preclinical data, this review provides insight on potential mechanisms of action of testosterone on CVD, applications of this knowledge to clinical settings, and avenues for future research.
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17
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Cho JH, Ko J, Lim ST. Relationship between metabolic syndrome and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among adults 18 years old and over. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258097. [PMID: 34644321 PMCID: PMC8513823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors among the Korean population requires effective health surveillance and examination of the effects of preventative behaviors. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the relationships between the clustering of MetS and MVPA in a large sample of 36,987 Koreans ranging from 20 to 80 years of age. This study recruited a total of 36,987 adults (23,813 males and 13,174 females). All participants were assessed for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using the Korean version short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The International Diabetes Federation and the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for blood pressure, hyperglycemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high triglycerides (TG) defined MetS. Waist circumference (WC) was determined by Asian-Pacific region populations. According to the 150-minute MVPA, there were differences in MetS risk factors in young adult males, and only three factors (WC, HDL-C, and TG) were different males in ≥ 70 years old. In females, there was a difference in MetS risk factors in the elderly, and only three factors (WC, blood pressure, and TG) were different females in ≤ 29 years old. The males who did not met the recommended MVPA had a 1.16 to 3.14 -times increase in the MetS risk factors. The females who did not met the recommended MVPA had a 1.18 to 2.57 -times increase in the MetS risk factors. Our study provides evidence that Korean adults who do not engage in recommended MVPA levels increase the odds ratio for each of the MetS risk factors when compared to those who meet the recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Cho
- Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, Shingyeong University, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jupil Ko
- Division of Health & Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Taek Lim
- Olympic Studies Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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18
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Gallardo-Alfaro L, Bibiloni MDM, Bouzas C, Mascaró CM, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Schröder H, Martínez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, Lopez-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Micó RM, Pintó X, Gaforio JJ, Ortíz-Ramos M, Altés-Boronat A, Luca BL, Daimiel L, Ros E, Sayon-Orea C, Becerra-Tomás N, Gimenez-Alba IM, Castañer O, Abete I, Tojal-Sierra L, Pérez-López J, Torres-Collado L, Colom A, Garcia-Rios A, Castro-Barquero S, Bernal R, Santos-Lozano JM, Fernandez-Lazaro CI, Hernández-Alonso P, Saiz C, Zomeño MD, Zulet MA, Belló-Mora MC, Basterra-Gortari FJ, Canudas S, Goday A, Tur JA. Physical activity and metabolic syndrome severity among older adults at cardiovascular risk: 1-Year trends. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2870-2886. [PMID: 34366176 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Modifiable lifestyle factors, such as physical activity (PA) and Mediterranean diet (MD), decrease metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim was to assess 1-year changes of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), sedentary behavior, and diet quality according to MetS severity in older population at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Prospective analysis of 55-75-year-old 4359 overweight/obese participants with MetS (PREDIMED-Plus trial) categorized in tertiles according to 1-year changes of a validated MetS severity score (MetSSS). Anthropometrics, visceral adiposity index, triglycerides and glucose index, dietary nutrient intake, biochemical marker levels, dietary inflammatory index, and depression symptoms were measured. Diet quality was assessed by 17-item MD questionnaire. PAs were self-reported using the Minnesota-REGICOR Short Physical Activity Questionnaire and 30-s chair stand test. Sedentary behaviors were measured using the Spanish version of the Nurses' Health Study questionnaire. After 1-year follow-up, decreasing MetSSS was associated with an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, high intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole grain cereals, white fish, and bluefish and low intake of refined cereals, red and processed meat, cookies/sweets, and snacks/ready-to-eat-meals. It resulted in high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 fatty acids, protein, fiber, vitamins B1, B6, B9, C, D, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus and low glycemic index and saturated fatty acid, trans fatty acid, and carbohydrates intake. Regarding PA and sedentary behavior, decreasing MetSSS was associated with increased moderate-to-vigorous LTPA, chair stand test, and decreased sedentary and TV-viewing time. CONCLUSION Decreasing MetSSS was associated with an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern, high LTPA, high MD adherence, low sedentary time, and low depression risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gallardo-Alfaro
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Bibiloni
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Catalina M Mascaró
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan. Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Cardiometabolics Nutrition Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ángel M Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga-IBIMA, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Miguel Hernández University, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL-UMH, 46020 Alicante, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José Lopez-Miranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luís Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael M Micó
- CIBER Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 Leon, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José J Gaforio
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies in Olive Grove and Olive Oils, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - María Ortíz-Ramos
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreu Altés-Boronat
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bogdana L Luca
- Department of Endocrinology, Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program.IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sayon-Orea
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Servicio Navarro de Salud, Osasunbidea, 31003, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan. Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Ignacio Manuel Gimenez-Alba
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lucas Tojal-Sierra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jéssica Pérez-López
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga-IBIMA, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Torres-Collado
- Miguel Hernández University, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL-UMH, 46020 Alicante, Spain
| | - Antoni Colom
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Bernal
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cesar I Fernandez-Lazaro
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pablo Hernández-Alonso
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan. Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Carmen Saiz
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Dolors Zomeño
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Zulet
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria C Belló-Mora
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - F Javier Basterra-Gortari
- University of Navarra, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; Servicio Navarro de Salud, Osasunbidea, 31003, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia Canudas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan. Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Objective assessment of metabolism and guidance of ICU rehabilitation with cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Curr Opin Crit Care 2021; 27:390-398. [PMID: 33973897 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Addressing the reduced quality of life that affects ICU survivors is the most pressing challenge in critical care medicine. In order to meet this challenge, we must translate lessons learnt from assessing and training athletes to the clinical population, utilizing measurable and targeted parameters obtained during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). RECENT FINDINGS Critical illness survivors demonstrate a persistent reduction in their physical and metabolic function. This manifests in reduced aerobic exercise capacity and metabolic inflexibility. CPET-guided targeted metabolic conditioning has proved beneficial in several clinical populations, including those undergoing high-risk surgery, and could be successfully applied to the rehabilitation of ICU survivors. SUMMARY CPET shows great promise in the guidance of rehabilitation in functionally limited ICU survivors. Parallels in the physiological response to exercise in athletes and clinical populations with the stress and consequences of critical illness must be investigated and ultimately applied to the burgeoning population of ICU survivors in order to treat the consequences of survival from critical illness.
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Juna CF, Cho Y, Ham D, Joung H. Association of Carbohydrate and Fat Intake with Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Can Be Modified by Physical Activity and Physical Environment in Ecuadorian Adults: The ENSANUT-ECU Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061834. [PMID: 34072138 PMCID: PMC8226586 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The associations of lifestyle and environment with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease have recently resulted in increased attention in research. This study aimed to examine interactive associations among carbohydrate and fat intake, physical environment (i.e., elevation and humidity), lifestyle, and MetS among Ecuadorian adults. We used data from the Ecuador National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 (ENSANUT-ECU), with a total of 6023 participants aged 20 to 60 years included in this study. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of status of carbohydrate and fat intake, low-carbohydrate high-fat diet (LCHF) and medium-carbohydrate and fat (MCF) diet with MetS, where the high-carbohydrate low-fat (HCLF) diet was used as a reference. Women with LCHF and MCF diets showed lower prevalence of increased blood pressure (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19–0.59; OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.32–0.79, respectively). Women with MCF diet also showed lower prevalence of elevated fasting glucose (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37–0.91). Moreover, there were negative associations between MetS and reduced HDL cholesterol in women with MCF diet residing in low relative humidity (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45–0.98) and in women with LCHF diet residing at a high elevation (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16–0.86). Additionally, higher prevalence of increased waist circumference was observed in men with both MFC and LCHF diets who were physically inactive (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.12–3.20; OR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.19–4.60, respectively) and residing in high relative humidity (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.08–2.89; OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.32–5.28, respectively). Our findings suggest that LCHF intake is associated with lower blood pressure, while MCF intake is associated with lower blood pressure and fasting glucose in Ecuadorian women. Furthermore, the associations of carbohydrate and fat intake with prevalence of MetS can be modified by physical activity, relative humidity, and elevation. The obtained outcomes may provide useful information for health programs focusing on dietary intake and lifestyle according to physical environment of the population to promote health and prevent metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F. Juna
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Facultad de Enfermería, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador
| | - Yoonhee Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (H.J.); Tel.: +1-406-243-4529 (Y.C.); +82-2-880-2831 (H.J.)
| | - Dongwoo Ham
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (H.J.); Tel.: +1-406-243-4529 (Y.C.); +82-2-880-2831 (H.J.)
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Sugathan S, Ali O, Myint Soe M, Ismail S, Ahmad W. Socio demographic and lifestyle factors of metabolic syndrome among adult rural indigenous Malaysian population from Perak State, Malaysia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4818-4824. [PMID: 34354471 PMCID: PMC8324990 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a cluster of known disorders that increase the risk for morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross sectional study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of MetS using Adult Treatment Panel 3 (ATP 3) classification and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors contributing to metabolic syndrome among rural indigenous Malaysian population from Perak state, Malaysia which included 148 rural Malay and 145 Orang Asli(OA) individuals. This community based cross-sectional study revealed that the prevalence of MetS was significantly higher among Malays (27.7%) as compared to Orang Aslis (13.8%). Overall Prevalence of Metabolic syndrome in the rural indigenous Malaysian population was 20.8%. Prevalence of abdominal obesity and high blood pressure were significantly higher among Malays as compared to OA population. Metabolic syndrome was significantly higher among those above 45 years of age group in overall rural indigenous Malaysian population and among OA. The prevalence of MetS was significantly higher among those who were obese and overweight and among Malays who were regularly taking snacks between meals. There was no significant association between other dietary risk factors, smoking, alcohol use or physical activity with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandheep Sugathan
- Department of Community Medicine, Quest International University Perak, Malaysia
| | - Osman Ali
- Department of Public Health, Community Based Department, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP, Malaysia
| | - Myint Myint Soe
- Department of Public Health, Community Based Department, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP, Malaysia
| | - Sabaridah Ismail
- Department of Public Health, Community Based Department, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP, Malaysia
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22
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Subjective Daily Physical Activity Measures in Heart Disease: A Systematic Review. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:450-460. [PMID: 33668019 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The measurement of daily physical activity (DPA) is important for the prognosis and quantifying clinical outcomes in individuals with heart disease. The measurement of DPA is more feasible using subjective measures when compared with objective measures. The purpose of this systematic review of the literature was to identify the subjective measures of DPA that have established reliability and validity in individuals with heart disease to assist clinician and researcher instrument selection. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and ProQuest databases was performed. Methodological rigor was assessed using 3 different quality appraisal tools. Qualitative synthesis of included studies was performed. RESULTS Twenty-two unique studies covering 19 subjective DPA measures were ultimately included. Methodological rigor was generally fair, and validity coefficients were moderate at best. CONCLUSIONS Only 4 subjective measures that have established test-retest reliability and that provide an estimate of energy expenditure, metabolic equivalents, or minutes of DPA were compared against accelerometry or a DPA diary in patients with heart disease: SWISS Physical Activity Questionnaire, Total Activity Measure 1 and 2, and Mobile Physical Activity Logger. Depending on the clinician or researcher needs, instrument selection would depend on the recall period and the DPA construct being measured.
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Moriarity RJ, Zuk AM, Liberda EN, Tsuji LJS. Health measures of Eeyouch (Cree) who are eligible to participate in the on-the-land Income Security Program in Eeyou Istchee (northern Quebec, Canada). BMC Public Health 2021; 21:628. [PMID: 33789644 PMCID: PMC8011104 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in on-the-land programs that encourage traditional cultural activities may improve health and well-being. The Income Security Program (ISP) - a financial incentive-based on-the-land program - for Eeyouch (Cree) hunters and trappers in Eeyou Istchee was created as a result of the 1975 James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement to help mitigate the effects of hydroelectric development on the Cree people of northern Quebec, Canada. Beyond the ISP's financial incentives, little is known about the health measures of those who are eligible to participate in the ISP (i.e. spent ≥120 days on-the-land during the previous year). Therefore, this paper's objective was to assess the health measures of northern Quebec Cree, who were eligible for participation in the ISP. METHODS Using participant data (n = 545) compiled from the Nituuchischaayihtitaau Aschii Multi-Community Environment-and-Health Study, we assessed 13 different health measures in generalized linear models with the independent variable being the eligibility to participate in the ISP. RESULTS Participants in the present study who were eligible for the ISP had significantly higher levels of vigorous and moderate activity per week, and higher concentrations of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the blood compared to those ineligible for the ISP (i.e. spent ≤119 days on-the-land during the previous year). Encouragingly, following model adjustment for age and sex, participants eligible for the ISP did not have higher blood concentrations of mercury than those who were not eligible for the ISP. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the participants eligible for participation in the ISP are likely to be healthier than those who are ineligible to participate - and are promising for on-the-land programs for Indigenous peoples beyond a financial incentive - with no apparent higher risk of increasing contaminant body burden through traditional on-the-land-activities (e.g. fish consumption).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Moriarity
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, SW151 University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - Aleksandra M Zuk
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, SW151 University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.,School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Eric N Liberda
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leonard J S Tsuji
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, SW151 University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
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Zając-Gawlak I, Pelclová J, Groffik D, Přidalová M, Nawrat-Szołtysik A, Kroemeke A, Gába A, Sadowska-Krępa E. Does physical activity lower the risk for metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal study of physically active older women. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:11. [PMID: 33407205 PMCID: PMC7789662 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The associations between physical activity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been mainly found in cross-sectional studies. The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine the relationship between meeting step-based guidelines and changes in the risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods This study included data from older women (baseline age 62.9 ± 4.3 years) from a 7-year longitudinal study in Central Europe. At baseline and follow-up, physical activity was measured by an accelerometer, and the risk for MetS was assessed according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria. In 59 women, multivariate repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare differences in changes in the risk of MetS in groups based on meeting step-based guidelines (10,000 steps/day and 9000 steps/day for women aged <65 and ≥ 65 years, respectively). Results Over 7 years, steps/day increased from 10,944 ± 3560 to 11,652 ± 4865, and the risk of MetS decreased from 41 to 12% in our sample. Women who longitudinally met step-based guidelines had a significantly higher mean concentration of high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) (64.5 and 80.3 mg/dL at baseline and follow-up, respectively) and a lower concentration of triglycerides (TGs) (158.3 and 123.8 mg/dL at baseline and follow-up, respectively) at follow-up compared to baseline. Moreover, women who increased their daily steps over 7 years to the recommended steps/day value significantly decreased the concentration of TGs (158.3 mg/dL and 123.8 mg/dL at baseline and follow-up, respectively). Conclusions Our study might suggest that the long-term meeting of step-based guidelines or an increase in daily steps/day to achieve the recommended value could be related to a lower risk of MetS, specifically in concentrations of HDL-C and TG. These findings may help in designing interventions aiming to decrease the risk of MetS in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zając-Gawlak
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Mikołowska 72A, 40-065, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Jana Pelclová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dorota Groffik
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Mikołowska 72A, 40-065, Katowice, Poland
| | - Miroslava Přidalová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Agnieszka Nawrat-Szołtysik
- Institute of Physioterapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Mikołowska 72A, 40-065, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kroemeke
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Chodakowska 19/31, 03-815, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleš Gába
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ewa Sadowska-Krępa
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Mikołowska 72A, 40-065, Katowice, Poland
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Associations of Relative Humidity and Lifestyles with Metabolic Syndrome among the Ecuadorian Adult Population: Ecuador National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT-ECU) 2012. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239023. [PMID: 33287377 PMCID: PMC7731373 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the physical environment on metabolic syndrome (MetS) are still largely unexplained. This study aimed to analyze the associations of relative humidity of residence, lifestyles, and MetS among Ecuadorian adults. Data from 6024 people aged 20 to 60 years were obtained from an Ecuador national population-based health and nutrition survey (i.e., ENSANUT-ECU, 2012) and the mean annual relative humidity (%) from the Ecuador National Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology (2012). Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for MetS according to groups of relative humidity were calculated using multiple logistic regression. Living in high relative humidity (>80%) increased ORs of reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (1.25; 95 % CI, 1.06–1.56) and MetS (OR = 1.20; 95 % CI,1.01–1.42) in women. Furthermore, physically active men living in high relative humidity showed lower OR of elevated triglycerides (0.56; 95 % CI,0.37–0.85) while menopausal women living in high relative humidity showed increased ORs of MetS (5.42; 95 % CI, 1.92–15.27), elevated blood pressure (3.10; 95 % CI, 1.15–8.35), and increased waist circumference (OR = 1.34; 95 % CI, 1.09–1.63). Our results show that residence in high relative humidity and menopausal status increase ORs of MetS and its components in Ecuadorian women; however, physical activity significantly reduces the OR of elevated triglycerides in men. The obtained findings may help make public health policies regarding environmental humidity management, nutritional education, menopausal care, and physical activity promotion to prevent the onset of MetS among Ecuadorian adults.
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Association of Fitness and Fatness with Clustered Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Nigerian Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165861. [PMID: 32823494 PMCID: PMC7459652 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study examinedthe independent and joint association of fitness and fatness with clustered cardiovascular disease risk (CVDrs) in 11–18 year-old Nigerian adolescents. Methods: A hundred and ninety seven adolescents (100 girls and 97 boys) were evaluated forfitness, fatness and CVDrs. Fitness was evaluated with the progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run test while fatness was assessed using body mass index. A clustered CVDrs was computed from the standardized residuals of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Regression models controlling for waist circumference assessed the association of fitness and fatness with CVDrs. Results: Prevalence of clustered CVD risk was 7.1% (girls = 3.0%; boys = 4.1%). Based on risk factor abnormalities, 52.8% of participants had one or more CVD risk factor abnormalities with more boys (27.4%) affected. Low fitness was associated with clustered CVDrs in both girls (R2 = 9.8%, β = −0.287, p = 0.05) and boys (R2 = 17%, β = −0.406, p < 0.0005). Fatness was not associated with the CVDrs in both sexes. After controlling for all the variables in the model, only fitness (R2 = 10.4%) and abdominal fat (R2 = 19.5%) were associated with CVDrs respectively. Unfit girls were 3.2 (95% CI = 1.31–7.91, p = 0.011) times likely to develop CVD risk abnormality compared to their fit counterparts. The likelihood of unfit boys developing CVD risk abnormality was 3.9 (95% CI = 1.15–10.08, p = 0.005) times compared to their fit peers. Conclusions: Fitness but not fatness was a better predictor of CVDrs in Nigerian boys and girls. The result of this study suggests that any public health strategies aimed at preventing or reversing the increasing trends of CVD risk in adolescents should emphasize promotion of aerobic fitness.
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Kim K, Jung SJ, Baek JM, Yim HW, Jeong H, Kim DJ, Park S, Youm Y, Kim HC. Associations between social network properties and metabolic syndrome and the mediating effect of physical activity: findings from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center (CMERC) Cohort. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001272. [PMID: 32675290 PMCID: PMC7368478 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Social isolation and loneliness are positively associated with metabolic syndrome. However, the mechanisms by which social isolation affects metabolic syndrome are not well understood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was designed as a cross-sectional study of baseline results from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center (CMERC) Cohort. We included 10 103 participants (8097 community-based low-risk participants, 2006 hospital-based high-risk participants) from the CMERC Cohort. Participants aged 65 years or older were excluded. Multiple imputation by chained equations was applied to impute missing variables. The quantitative properties of social networks were assessed by measuring the 'size of social networks'; qualitative properties were assessed by measuring the 'social network closeness'. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess association between social network properties and metabolic syndrome. The mediating effects of physical inactiveness, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and depressive symptoms were estimated. Age-specific effect sizes were estimated for each subgroup. RESULTS A smaller social network was positively associated with higher prevalences of metabolic syndrome in all subgroups, except the high-risk male subgroup. There was no clear association between social network closeness and metabolic syndrome. In community-based participants, an indirect effect through physical activity was detected in both sexes; however, in hospital-based participants, no indirect effects were detected. Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and depression did not mediate the association. Age-specific estimates showed that the indirect effect through physical activity had a greater impact in older participants. CONCLUSIONS A smaller social network is positively associated with metabolic syndrome. This trend could be partially explained by physical inactivity, especially in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanghyun Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jae Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jong Min Baek
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Woo Yim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Jeong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Jung Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Yonsei Health System Cardiology Hospital Division of Cardiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Republic of Korea
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The Effect of Domain-Specific Sitting Time and Exercise Habits on Metabolic Syndrome in Japanese Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113883. [PMID: 32486232 PMCID: PMC7312666 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of domain-specific (i.e., occupational, leisure-time on workday, and holiday) sitting time (ST), and exercise on metabolic syndrome (MetS) development are insufficiently studied. The present study aimed to examine the single and combined effects of each domain-specific ST and exercise habits on MetS. The total and domain-specific STs of 5530 participants were collected using a validated questionnaire. The multiple logistic regression analyses determined the effects of each domain-specific ST and exercise habit on MetS. Of all participants, 7.8% had MetS. Odds ratios (ORs) for MetS were significant only in the group with the longest leisure-time ST on holidays (OR, 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.83); we found no significant associations with any other domain-specific ST after statistical adjustment for confounders. The no-habitual-exercise group clearly had a higher risk for MetS (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.15-1.80). The significantly higher ORs for MetS was shown in only the combined longer total ST (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.12-2.39) and holiday ST (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.30-2.59) with no habitual exercise. These findings suggested that accumulated daily total ST, particularly leisure-time ST on holidays with no-habitual exercise, can increase the risk of MetS and it could possibly be mitigated by habitual exercise.
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Jo H, Kim JY, Jung MY, Ahn YS, Chang SJ, Koh SB. Leisure Time Physical Activity to Reduce Metabolic Syndrome Risk: A 10-Year Community-Based Prospective Study in Korea. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:218-228. [PMID: 32102122 PMCID: PMC7044689 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.3.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public health problem related to increased risks of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether recommended levels of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) decrease the risk of MetS in a community-based prospective cohort study (Ansung and Ansan cohort). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 3910 adults (1890 men, 2020 women) without MetS examined in 2001-2002 (baseline) were included in this study and followed up from 2013 to 2014. We measured LTPA energy expenditure using the standard metabolic equivalent value [metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h/wk]. Individuals were categorized into five groups (physically inactive, 0.1 to <7.5, 7.5 to <15.0, 15.0 to <22.5, 22.5 to <40.0, and ≥40.0 MET-h/wk). RESULTS The mean follow-up period was 11.8 years. Among the cohort, 482 men (25.5%) and 541 women (26.8%) were diagnosed with newly developed MetS. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed a 4.4% lower MetS risk among those performing two to three times the recommended minimum of 7.5 MET-h/wk [multivariate relative risk (RR), 0.956; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.654-1.398] and a 21.9% lower risk among those performing three to four times the physical activity minimum (multivariate RR, 0.781; 95% CI, 0.574-1.063). This association was only significant in females performing three to four times the minimum (crude RR, 0.655; 95% CI, 0.432-0.994). CONCLUSION We noted that physical activity at more than 2 times the recommended minimum prevents MetS. Healthcare professionals should encourage inactive adults to be physically active during their leisure time to take advantage of its health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Jo
- Department of Medical Science, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jang Young Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Institute of Genomic Cohort, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Min Ye Jung
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Yonsei University College of Health Science, Wonju, Korea
| | - Yeon Soon Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Institute of Genomic Cohort, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sei Jin Chang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Institute of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Sang Baek Koh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- Institute of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
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Juna CF, Cho YH, Joung H. Low Elevation and Physical Inactivity are Associated with a Higher Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Ecuadorian Adults: A National Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2217-2226. [PMID: 32612377 PMCID: PMC7323963 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s253099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevation and health-related lifestyles have been associated with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, such associations have not been investigated extensively in a global context. The present study aimed to determine the associations among elevation of residence, health-related lifestyles, and the risk of MetS in an Ecuadorian adult population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing secondary data from the 2012 Ecuador National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT-ECU). A total of 6024 adults (1964 men and 4060 women) 20 to 60 years old were included in the study. Elevation was obtained by georeferencing techniques and categorized into low (0-2000 masl) and high (>2001 masl). Dietary intake was measured using a 24-hour recall and health-related lifestyle via risk and physical activity standardized questionnaire. MetS was defined on the basis of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and the Latin American Diabetes Association criteria. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine whether elevation of residence and health-related lifestyles can increase the risk of MetS. RESULTS Residing at low elevation increased prevalence of MetS in men (1.37; 95% CI, 1.05-1.76) and elevated fasting glucose in both men (1.80; 95% CI, 1.32-2.46) and women (1.55; 95% CI, 1.24-1.93) after adjusting for confounders. Additionally, a lack of physical activity was identified as an important factor that raises the risk of increased waist circumference in both men (2.05; 95% CI, 1.22-3.45) and women (1.38; 95% CI, 1.05-1.83) living at low elevation. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that low elevation of residence and physical inactivity are associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in Ecuadorian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Juna
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Correspondence: Yoon Hee Cho Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT59812, USATel +1-406-243-4529 Email
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hyojee Joung Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, KoreaTel +82-2-880-2831 Email
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Diurnal influences of fasted and non-fasted brisk walking on gastric emptying rate, metabolic responses, and appetite in healthy males. Appetite 2019; 143:104411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Talwar A, Mielenz TJ, Hill LL, Andrews HF, Li G, Molnar LJ, Eby DW, Betz ME, Strogatz D, DiGuiseppi C. Relationship Between Physical Activity and Motor Vehicle Crashes Among Older Adult Drivers. J Prim Care Community Health 2019; 10:2150132719859997. [PMID: 31282235 PMCID: PMC6614932 DOI: 10.1177/2150132719859997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are approximately 42 million licensed drivers aged
65 years or older in the United States, who face unique age-related risks while
driving. While physical activity affects several chronic conditions thought to
be associated with motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), it is unclear if increased
physical activity leads to fewer MVCs. This study explores whether self-reported
vigorous and moderate physical activity is associated with MVCs in the previous
year. Methods: Using cross-sectional data from the LongROAD study,
a large multisite prospective cohort study of 2990 older adult drivers, we
examined variables related to physical activity and performed a multivariate
regression analysis to examine the association of physical activity health
behaviors with self-reported MVCs. Results: Overall, 41.2% of
participants reported vigorous and 69.6% of participants reported moderate
exercise at least once per week. Eleven percent of participants reported at
least 1 MVC in the previous year. Neither vigorous nor moderate physical
activity was significantly associated with self-reported MVCs in the previous
year. Select variables that were significantly associated with self-reported MVC
included self-reported unsafe driving practices (odds ratio [OR] 1.55,
confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.29), and fall in the past 12 months (OR 1.46, CI
1.14-1.85). Conclusions: We were unable to detect a significant
association between self-reported physical activity and MVCs in the past year
among this group of older drivers. Use of objective measures of activity may
better clarify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guohua Li
- 2 Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - David W Eby
- 3 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marian E Betz
- 4 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Kim MA, Kim IS, Lee JS. Correlation between Metabolic Syndrome and Allergic Rhinitis. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2019.51.2.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min A Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wonkwang Health Science University, Iksan, Korea
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Wang F, Boros S. The effect of physical activity on sleep quality: a systematic review. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2019.1623314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- Institute of Health Promotion & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Boros
- Institute of Health Promotion & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Budapest, Hungary
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Bahadori E, Farjami Z, Rezayi M, Lngari H, Darroudi M, Avan A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Recent advances in nanotechnology for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1561-1568. [PMID: 31336522 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a main clinical challenge of global health which is growing universally. It would be resulted from over-consumption of energy, increased obesity, and lack of movement during life. The metabolic syndrome causes a five-fold increase in the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a double increase in the risk of rising cardiovascular disease over the next 5-10 years. Based on this, more attention has been drawn to the diagnosis and treatment options of this disease. Nanotechnology is one of the preferred methods for improving this disease. This way is a natural development in many health domains, including synthetic and nanostructures. The use of nanoparticles with the purpose of increase the effectiveness of treatment, decrease the side effects and the amount of drug usage, through their small size, permeability and maintenance strength lead to their absorption by target organs. Meanwhile, different nanoparticles with consumption values and particle size have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effat Bahadori
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Farjami
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hadis Lngari
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kikuchi H, Inoue S, Lee IM, Odagiri Y, Sawada N, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Impact of Moderate-Intensity and Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity on Mortality. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:715-721. [PMID: 29053480 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), 75 min of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), or combination of MPA and VPA. However, few epidemiological studies have examined whether the general population can derive equal health benefits from MPA or VPA. This study examined the associations of different activity intensities with mortality. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, a total of 83,454 community-dwelling Japanese who answered a questionnaire in 2000-2003 were followed for all-cause mortality through 2012. Subjects were classified into four groups by physical activity guidelines and also by the proportion of VPA to total MVPA, that is, physically inactive, physically active without any VPA (0% VPA), and active with some VPA (30% or less) or with more VPA (more than 30%). Hazard ratios of all-cause mortality were calculated with adjustment for potential confounders including physical activity volume. RESULTS During 894,718 person-years of follow-up, 8891 deaths were identified. Compared with physically inactive subjects, the adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.75 (95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.83), 0.73 (0.65-0.82), and 0.74 (0.62-0.89) among men, and 0.71 (0.62-0.81), 0.75 (0.64-0.88), and 0.74 (0.58-0.94) among women. For "0% VPA," "30% or less" and "more than 30%," respectively. CONCLUSIONS Meeting the guidelines in either pattern of physical activity is important for lowering mortality risk. It may be suggested that people can receive comparable health benefit by MPA or VPA as long as they meet the guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - I-Min Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Yuko Odagiri
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Norie Sawada
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Manami Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, JAPAN
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Khosravi-Boroujeni H, Sarrafzadegan N, Sadeghi M, Roohafza H, Ng SK, Ahmed F. Determinants of Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Components in a 12-Year Cohort of Iranian Adults. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 17:120-127. [PMID: 30620241 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components have been increasing globally; therefore, there is a need for better understanding of MetS components and their risk factors, as well as their development and changes over time. This study was designed to identify the determinants of the changes in the components of MetS in a cohort of Iranian adults from 2001 to 2013. METHODS A total of 6504 adults, ≥35 years of age, were recruited from central Iran in 2001and were followed up in an ongoing longitudinal population-based study for 12 years. Of the total, 3356 subjects were followed between 2001 and 2007 and 1385 subjects were followed between 2001 and 2013. MetS components and its risk factors were measured by standard methods in 2001, 2007, and 2013. Mean changes in the MetS components from 2001 to 2013 were assessed using the Generalized Estimating Equations test with three time points. Multivariate linear regression model was applied to examine the association between socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics and changes in MetS components. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to examine various factors associated with the development of abnormality of MetS components. RESULTS Examining the biochemical and anthropometric characteristics of individuals from 2001 to 2013 revealed a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, waist circumference, and body mass index, and a significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglyceride, and physical activity levels. Results also indicated that age, gender, marital status, education levels, and area of residence were significantly associated with the changes in MetS components. CONCLUSION This study concluded that baseline sociodemographic characteristics are important in determining changes of MetS components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Khosravi-Boroujeni
- 1 Public Health, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- 2 Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- 3 Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Roohafza
- 3 Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shu-Kay Ng
- 1 Public Health, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Faruk Ahmed
- 1 Public Health, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
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Niazi E, Saraei M, Aminian O, Izadi N. Frequency of metabolic syndrome and its associated factors in health care workers. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:338-342. [PMID: 30641722 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, metabolic syndrome is one of the most important public health risk factors. Having this in mind, the present study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its associated risk factors in healthcare workers. METHOD This study is a cross-sectional study conducted on 410 healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in Iran. Demographic, occupational, and psychosocial characteristics were assessed using questionnaire. Assessment of metabolic syndrome of hospital staff was performed at workplace during their medical examination. RESULTS The frequency of metabolic syndrome was found to be 22.4%. This relationship was found among blood pressure and occupational stress, despite the fact that there was no significant relationship between metabolic syndrome and occupational stress. Higher age, having shift work, and inactivity were associated with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION Considering the high frequency of metabolic syndrome among Iranian healthcare workers, it is advised that effective management should be employed to correct the occupational and psychosocial factors associated with this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Niazi
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Saraei
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Aminian
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nazanin Izadi
- Center for Research on Occupational Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lee JC, Westgate K, Boit MK, Mwaniki DL, Kiplamai FK, Friis H, Tetens I, Christensen DL, Brage S. Physical activity energy expenditure and cardiometabolic health in three rural Kenyan populations. Am J Hum Biol 2018; 31:e23199. [PMID: 30537282 PMCID: PMC6435188 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Physical activity is beneficial for metabolic health but the extent to which this may differ by ethnicity is still unclear. Here, the objective was to characterize the association between physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and cardiometabolic risk among the Luo, Kamba, and Maasai ethnic groups of rural Kenya. Methods In a cross‐sectional study of 1084 rural Kenyans, free‐living PAEE was objectively measured using individually‐calibrated heart rate and movement sensing. A clustered metabolic syndrome risk score (zMS) was developed by averaging the sex‐specific z‐scores of five risk components measuring central adiposity, blood pressure, lipid levels, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. Results zMS was 0.08 (−0.09; −0.06) SD lower for every 10 kJ/kg/day difference in PAEE after adjustment for age and sex; this association was modified by ethnicity (interaction with PAEE P < 0.05). When adjusted for adiposity, each 10 kJ/kg/day difference in PAEE was predicted to lower zMS by 0.04 (−0.05, −0.03) SD, without evidence of interaction by ethnicity. The Maasai were predicted to have higher cardiometabolic risk than the Kamba and Luo at every quintile of PAEE, with a strong dose‐dependent decreasing trend among all ethnicities. Conclusion Free‐living PAEE is strongly inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk in rural Kenyans. Differences between ethnic groups in this association were observed but were explained by differences in central adiposity. Therefore, targeted interventions to increase PAEE are more likely to be effective in subgroups with high central adiposity, such as Maasai with low levels of PAEE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry C Lee
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kate Westgate
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael K Boit
- Department of Recreation Management and Exercise Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Festus K Kiplamai
- Department of Recreation Management and Exercise Science, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Henrik Friis
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inge Tetens
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Soeborg, Denmark
| | - Dirk L Christensen
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Soren Brage
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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McIver VJ, Mattin L, Evans GH, Yau AMW. The effect of brisk walking in the fasted versus fed state on metabolic responses, gastrointestinal function, and appetite in healthy men. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:1691-1700. [PMID: 30250241 PMCID: PMC6760590 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of brisk walking in the fasted versus fed state on gastric emptying rate (GER), metabolic responses and appetite hormone responses. SUBJECTS/METHODS Twelve healthy men completed two 45 min treadmill walks, fasted (FASTED) and followed consumption of a standardised breakfast (FED). GER of a standardised lunch was subsequently measured for 2 h using the 13C-breath test method. Blood samples were collected at baseline, post-breakfast period, pre-exercise, immediately post exercise, pre-lunch then every 30 min following lunch for 2 h. Circulating concentrations of acylated ghrelin (GHR), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), glucose, insulin, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and cholesterol were measured. Subjective feelings of appetite were assessed at 15 min intervals throughout. Substrate utilisation was measured every 30 min, and continuously throughout exercise by indirect calorimetry. RESULTS No differences were observed for GER T½ (FASTED 89 ± 22 vs. FED 89 ± 24 min, P = 0.868) nor Tlag (FASTED 55 ± 15 vs. FED 54 ± 14 min, P = 0.704). NEFA concentrations were higher in FASTED at pre-exercise, post exercise and 30 min post exercise (pre-lunch) (all P < 0.05) but no differences were observed for glucose, cholesterol or triglycerides. Carbohydrate oxidation was greater at all time-points during FED exercise (all P < 0.05). Minimal changes in appetite were observed post lunch ingestion with no differences in PYY or GHR observed between trials. GLP-1 concentrations were greater in FED post-breakfast and pre-exercise (P < 0.05), though no differences were observed after lunch. A greater concentration of PP was observed in FED from pre-exercise to 30 min post lunch consumption (all P < 0.05). Insulin concentrations were higher in FED pre-exercise but higher in FASTED 1.5 h post lunch (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that gastrointestinal function, hunger and appetite regulatory hormones are not sensitive to low-intensity bouts of physical activity and holds positive implications for weight management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J McIver
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Lewis Mattin
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Gethin H Evans
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Adora M W Yau
- School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
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Umegaki H, Makino T, Uemura K, Shimada H, Hayashi T, Cheng XW, Kuzuya M. Association between insulin resistance and objective measurement of physical activity in community-dwelling older adults without diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 143:267-274. [PMID: 30056188 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The main objective of this study was to determine the association between objectively measured physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic risk factors, particularly insulin resistance (IR), in Japanese community-dwelling older adults without diabetes mellitus. METHODS Daily PA was measured by accelerometers in 388 community-dwelling older adults. IR was determined using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Regression analyses adjusted by age and sex were performed to determine the association of light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), or total steps per day with cardiometabolic risk factors. Then, multiple regression analysis was performed with HOMA-IR as an independent variable and those factors with p < 10% in the regression analysis as explanatory variables. RESULTS Objectively measured LPA was negatively associated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, and triglyceride (TG) and positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). LPA was also negatively associated with IR. Total steps per day also had significant association with IR. MVPA was associated with TG, HDL-C, and IR. Multiple regression analysis showed that the association between LPA and IR was independent of other covariates, whereas that between MVPA and IR was lost after adjustment for other covariates. CONCLUSION IR was associated with LPA or total steps, but not with MVPA, in community-dwelling older adults without diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Taeko Makino
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Uemura
- Liberal Arts and Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan; Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
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Baldock KL, Paquet C, Howard NJ, Coffee NT, Taylor AW, Daniel M. Gender-specific associations between perceived and objective neighbourhood crime and metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201336. [PMID: 30048521 PMCID: PMC6062143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Much research has considered the relationship between neighbourhood crime and physical activity, but few studies have assessed clinical outcomes consequent to behaviour, such as cardiometabolic risk. Fewer still have simultaneously assessed perceived and objective measures of crime. Perceptions of crime and actual victimisation vary according to gender; thus, this study sought to assess: 1) correspondence between perceived and objective neighbourhood crime; and 2) gender-specific associations between perceived and reported crime and metabolic syndrome, representing cardiometabolic risk. The indirect effect of neighbourhood crime on metabolic syndrome via walking was additionally evaluated. An Australian population-based biomedical cohort study (2004–2007) collected biomedical, socio-demographic, and neighbourhood perceptions data from n = 1,172 urban-dwelling, adults. Area-level reported crime rates were standardised and linked to individual data based on participants' residential location. Correspondence between actual and perceived crime measures was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients. Cross-sectional associations between crime and metabolic syndrome were analysed using generalised estimating equations regression models accounting for socio-demographic factors and area-level income. Correspondence between perceived and objective crime was small to medium among men and women (r = 0.17 to 0.33). Among men, metabolic syndrome was related to rates of violent (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.08–1.35) and total crime (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.04–1.32), after accounting for perceived crime. Among women, metabolic syndrome was related to perceived crime (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.14–1.60) after accounting for total reported crime. Among women, there were indirect effects of perceived crime and property crime on metabolic syndrome through walking. Results indicate that crime, an adverse social exposure, is linked to clinical health status. Crime rates, and perceptions of crime and safety, differentially impact upon cardiometabolic health according to gender. Social policy and public health strategies targeting crime reduction, as well as strategies to increase perceptions of safety, have potential to contribute to improved cardiometabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Baldock
- Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Catherine Paquet
- Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Natasha J. Howard
- Wardliparingga Aboriginal Research Unit, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Neil T. Coffee
- Centre for Research & Action in Public Health, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Anne W. Taylor
- Population Research and Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark Daniel
- Centre for Research & Action in Public Health, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Lee S, Shin Y, Kim Y. Risk of Metabolic Syndrome among Middle-Aged Koreans from Rural and Urban Areas. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070859. [PMID: 29970821 PMCID: PMC6073562 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common global health problem. This study aims to assess nutrient intake and risk of MetS in middle-aged Koreans based in residential areas. Participants were 161,326 (142,137 in urban and 19,189 in rural) subjects enrolled in the Korea Genome and Epidemiology Study. The prevalence of MetS was much higher in rural (39.8%) than that in urban (22.5%) subjects (p < 0.001). The rural residents showed significantly higher blood pressure (p < 0.001), serum triglyceride levels (p < 0.001), and LDL (Low density lipoprotein)-cholesterol level (p < 0.001), as well as the odds ratio (OR) for MetS (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.59⁻1.71), compared to urban residents. The rural subjects showed a higher consumption of carbohydrate and sodium compared to the urban subjects (p < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, subjects in the highest quartile of carbohydrate intake had higher OR for MetS (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.15⁻1.32) and those in the highest quartile of sodium intake had a higher chance of having MetS (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07⁻1.16) than did those in the lowest quartiles. Our results suggested that the higher consumption of carbohydrate and sodium in rural residents might be associated with the increased risk of MetS in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohyun Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Yoonjin Shin
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
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Lim HK, Sull JW, Park BS, Mun JY, Hong MH, Lee Y, Hwang MJ, Lee MN, Lee JY, Kim IS. Relationship of Metabolic Diseases with Physical Activity Depending on Age. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2018.50.2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Kyung Lim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Woong Sull
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Beom Seok Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Min Hwa Hong
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yoori Lee
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Min Ji Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Mi Na Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - In Sik Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
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Kim YH, Kim H, Jee H. Effects of socioeconomic status, health behavior, and physical activity on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14:183-191. [PMID: 29740550 PMCID: PMC5931152 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1836074.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Routine medical checkups have been provided by both the government-led and private hospitals for the purposes of prevention and early detection of diseases. Various studies were conducted with clinical results obtained from both government and private hospital based results. However, results from two types of health checkups have not been conducted. The results should be compared for the prevalence of metabolic disease in the aspects of socioeconomic status and health care behaviors to observe the pros and cons of two types of health checkups. Routine health checkup results of the National Health and Nutrition Survey (1,593 men, 2,180 women) and a private hospital (12,823 men, 7,070 women) of the year 2012 were used for the study. Education level and monthly household income were used to assess the socioeconomic status. Alcohol consumption, smoking, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used to assess health behaviors. Logistic regression analysis was applied (P<0.05). Participants of the private hospital had significantly greater household income, education level, amount of physical activity and intensity, and number of nonsmokers. Women showed no differences in the amount of vigorous physical activity. The prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome showed similar results. Education level, physical activity, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated in men of the government group. Smoking showed significant influence in men of both groups. Education level, alcohol consumption, and smoking showed significant influence in women of the government group. Participants who conducted government-led health examinations showed stronger influence of socioeconomic level and health behaviors on metabolic syndrome especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hwan Kim
- Sports Medicine Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongkyu Kim
- Health Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haemi Jee
- Department of Sports and Health Care, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Korea
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Associations of Physical Activity and Obesity With the Risk of Developing the Metabolic Syndrome in Law Enforcement Officers. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 58:946-51. [PMID: 27439066 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and body mass index (BMI) with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in police officers. METHODS Self-reported physical activity, MetS, and a modified MetS (MMetS, excluding obesity) were assessed in 448 officers. RESULTS Of the officers, 27.5% had MetS, 48.7% were overweight, and 31.7% were obese. Being overweight and obese increased the MetS risk by 6.8- and 10.9-fold, respectively, independent of physical activity level. Moderate and low levels of physical activity were associated with a 1.9- and 2.5-fold increased risk for MetS, but not after adjusting for BMI. However, within BMI categories, the risk for MMetS was lower as physical activity increased. CONCLUSION In police, a higher BMI is more critical than reduced physical activity for MetS risk; however, physical activity can attenuate some of the risk associated with a higher BMI.
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Kang J, Song YM. Metabolic syndrome and its components among Korean submariners: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Endocrine 2018; 59:614-621. [PMID: 29340961 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of inter-related risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Although submariners tend to be exposed to unhealthy environmental factors, such as a confined work environment, physical inactivity, and circadian disruption, little is known regarding whether the risks of MetS and its components are associated with submarine service. The present study aimed to evaluate the risks of MetS and its components among submariners. METHODS A total of 5090 subjects (513 submariners and 4577 non-submariners) were included in the present study. We calculated the age-standardized and age-specific prevalences of MetS. The associations between submarine service and the risks of MetS and its components were evaluated using logistic regression analysis after adjusting for age, service rank, and lifestyle factors. RESULTS The age-standardized prevalences of MetS were 17.6 and 15.1% among submariners and non-submariners, respectively. Compared to non-submariners, submariners had higher risks of MetS (odds ratio [OR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 1.68), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.36, 2.20), and impaired fasting glucose (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.21, 1.76). When we stratified the subjects according to physical activity, an increased risk of elevated blood pressure associated with submarine service was evident only in the subgroup with moderate or vigorous physical activity (P for interaction = 0.006). CONCLUSION Submariners had higher risks of MetS and some MetS components, compared to non-submariners. These findings suggest that special efforts are needed to prevent and manage MetS among individuals who are expected to be exposed to submarine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Mi Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kapil U, Khandelwal R, Ramakrishnan L, Khenduja P, Gupta A, Sareen N, Pandey RM, Sati HC, Belwal RS. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated risk factors among geriatric population living in a high altitude region of rural Uttarakhand, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2018; 7:709-716. [PMID: 30234042 PMCID: PMC6131997 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_261_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is responsible for 2.5-fold increase in cardiovascular mortality and a 5-fold higher risk of developing diabetes. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015–2016 in District Nainital. A list of all villages was developed. From this list, thirty villages were identified using population proportionate to size sampling method. From each village, thirty geriatric subjects (GSs) were selected. The study population included 979 GSs aged 60 years and above. The data were collected on anthropometry, blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profile from all the enrolled subjects. The prevalence of MetS was estimated using International Diabetes Federation criteria. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done to identify factors associated with MetS. Results: The prevalence of MetS was found to be 28.6%. Step-wise multivariate logistic regression analysis found that female gender, higher income, and body mass index ≥25 were significant and independent risk factors of MetS amongst GP. Conclusion: There is a need for screening of GP living in high altitude region so that efforts can be initiated to prevent complications of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Kapil
- Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritika Khandelwal
- Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Preetika Khenduja
- Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aakriti Gupta
- Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Sareen
- Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra Mohan Pandey
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hem Chandra Sati
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Belwal
- Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Steptoe A, Kivimäki M, Lowe G, Rumley A, Hamer M. Blood Pressure and Fibrinogen Responses to Mental Stress as Predictors of Incident Hypertension over an 8-Year Period. Ann Behav Med 2017; 50:898-906. [PMID: 27401000 PMCID: PMC5126198 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-016-9817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Heightened blood pressure (BP) responses to mental stress predict raised BP levels over subsequent years, but evidence for associations with incident hypertension is limited, and the significance of inflammatory responses is uncertain. Purpose We investigated the relationship between BP and plasma fibrinogen responses to stress and incident hypertension over an average 8-year follow-up. Method Participants were 636 men and women (mean age 59.1 years) from the Whitehall II epidemiological cohort with no history of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. They performed standardized behavioral tasks (color/word conflict and mirror tracing), and hypertension was defined by clinic measures and medication status. Results Of participants in the highest systolic BP reactivity tertile, 29.3 % became hypertensive over the follow-up period compared with 16.5 % of those in the lowest tertile, with an odds ratio of 2.02 (95 % CI 1.17–3.88, p = 0.012) after adjustment for age, sex, grade of employment, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, follow-up time, subjective stress response, perceived task difficulty, perceived task engagement, and baseline BP. Similar associations were observed for diastolic BP reactivity (odds ratio 2.05, 95 % CI 1.23–3.40, p = 0.006) and for impaired systolic BP post-stress recovery (odds ratio 2.06, 95 % CI 1.19–3.57, p = 0.010). Fibrinogen reactions to tasks also predicted future hypertension in women (odds ratio 2.64, 95 % CI 1.11–6.30, p = 0.029) but not men. Conclusions These data suggest that heightened cardiovascular and inflammatory reactivity to mental stress is associated with hypertension risk, and may be a mechanism through which psychosocial factors impact on the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Gordon Lowe
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Ann Rumley
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Mark Hamer
- National Centre for Sport & Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Sordi CCD, Lemos MDP, Marocolo M, Chriguer RS, Mendes EL, Mota GRD, Barbosa Neto O. Exercise training reverse autonomic dysfunction and hypertension in rats fed with high-fat diet. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700040004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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