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Kampmann B, Madhi SA, Munjal I, Simões EAF, Pahud BA, Llapur C, Baker J, Pérez Marc G, Radley D, Shittu E, Glanternik J, Snaggs H, Baber J, Zachariah P, Barnabas SL, Fausett M, Adam T, Perreras N, Van Houten MA, Kantele A, Huang LM, Bont LJ, Otsuki T, Vargas SL, Gullam J, Tapiero B, Stein RT, Polack FP, Zar HJ, Staerke NB, Duron Padilla M, Richmond PC, Koury K, Schneider K, Kalinina EV, Cooper D, Jansen KU, Anderson AS, Swanson KA, Gruber WC, Gurtman A. Bivalent Prefusion F Vaccine in Pregnancy to Prevent RSV Illness in Infants. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:1451-1464. [PMID: 37018474 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2216480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 190.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether vaccination during pregnancy could reduce the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated lower respiratory tract illness in newborns and infants is uncertain. METHODS In this phase 3, double-blind trial conducted in 18 countries, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, pregnant women at 24 through 36 weeks' gestation to receive a single intramuscular injection of 120 μg of a bivalent RSV prefusion F protein-based (RSVpreF) vaccine or placebo. The two primary efficacy end points were medically attended severe RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness and medically attended RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness in infants within 90, 120, 150, and 180 days after birth. A lower boundary of the confidence interval for vaccine efficacy (99.5% confidence interval [CI] at 90 days; 97.58% CI at later intervals) greater than 20% was considered to meet the success criterion for vaccine efficacy with respect to the primary end points. RESULTS At this prespecified interim analysis, the success criterion for vaccine efficacy was met with respect to one primary end point. Overall, 3682 maternal participants received vaccine and 3676 received placebo; 3570 and 3558 infants, respectively, were evaluated. Medically attended severe lower respiratory tract illness occurred within 90 days after birth in 6 infants of women in the vaccine group and 33 infants of women in the placebo group (vaccine efficacy, 81.8%; 99.5% CI, 40.6 to 96.3); 19 cases and 62 cases, respectively, occurred within 180 days after birth (vaccine efficacy, 69.4%; 97.58% CI, 44.3 to 84.1). Medically attended RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness occurred within 90 days after birth in 24 infants of women in the vaccine group and 56 infants of women in the placebo group (vaccine efficacy, 57.1%; 99.5% CI, 14.7 to 79.8); these results did not meet the statistical success criterion. No safety signals were detected in maternal participants or in infants and toddlers up to 24 months of age. The incidences of adverse events reported within 1 month after injection or within 1 month after birth were similar in the vaccine group (13.8% of women and 37.1% of infants) and the placebo group (13.1% and 34.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS RSVpreF vaccine administered during pregnancy was effective against medically attended severe RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness in infants, and no safety concerns were identified. (Funded by Pfizer; MATISSE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04424316.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Kampmann
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Shabir A Madhi
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Iona Munjal
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Eric A F Simões
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Barbara A Pahud
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Conrado Llapur
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Jeffrey Baker
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Gonzalo Pérez Marc
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - David Radley
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Emma Shittu
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Julia Glanternik
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Hasra Snaggs
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - James Baber
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Philip Zachariah
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Shaun L Barnabas
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Merlin Fausett
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Tyler Adam
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Nicole Perreras
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Marlies A Van Houten
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Anu Kantele
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Li-Min Huang
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Louis J Bont
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Takeo Otsuki
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Sergio L Vargas
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Joanna Gullam
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Bruce Tapiero
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Renato T Stein
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Fernando P Polack
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Heather J Zar
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Nina B Staerke
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - María Duron Padilla
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Peter C Richmond
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Kenneth Koury
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Katherine Schneider
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Elena V Kalinina
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - David Cooper
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Kathrin U Jansen
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Annaliesa S Anderson
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Kena A Swanson
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - William C Gruber
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
| | - Alejandra Gurtman
- From the Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia (B.K.); the Institute for International Health Charité, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin (B.K.); the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (S.A.M.), and Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Stellenbosch (S.L.B.), and the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, South African MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town (H.J.Z.), Cape Town - all in South Africa; Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, NY (I.M., B.A.P., D.R., J. Glanternik, H.S., P.Z., K.K., K.S., E.V.K., D.C., K.U.J., A.S.A., K.A.S., W.C.G., A.G.); Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (E.A.F.S.); Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología Nuestra Señora de Las Mercedes, San Miguel de Tucumán (C.L.), and iTrials-Hospital Militar Central (G.P.M., F.P.P.) and iTrials (S.L.V.), Buenos Aires - all in Argentina; Clinical Research Prime, Idaho Falls, ID (J. Baker); Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Hurley, United Kingdom (E.S.); Vaccine Clinical Research, Pfizer, Sydney, NSW (J. Baber), and the University of Western Australia School of Medicine, Vaccine Trials Group, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, and Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA (P.C.R.) - all in Australia; Boeson Research, Missoula, MT (M.F.); Meridian Clinical Research, Hastings, NE (T.A.); Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Manila, Philippines (N.P.); the Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem and Hoofddorp (M.A.V.H.), and the Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network Foundation, Zeist (L.J.B.) - all in the Netherlands; Meilahti Vaccine Research Center, Inflammation Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (A.K.); National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei (L.-M.H.); the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan (T.O.); the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile (S.L.V.); University of Otago and New Zealand Clinical Research - both in Christchurch, New Zealand (J. Gullam); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal (B.T.); Hospital Moinhos de Vento and Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - both in Porto Alegre, Brazil (R.T.S.); the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (N.B.S.); and Arké Study Management Organization, Mexico City (M.D.P.)
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Keech C, Albert G, Cho I, Robertson A, Reed P, Neal S, Plested JS, Zhu M, Cloney-Clark S, Zhou H, Smith G, Patel N, Frieman MB, Haupt RE, Logue J, McGrath M, Weston S, Piedra PA, Desai C, Callahan K, Lewis M, Price-Abbott P, Formica N, Shinde V, Fries L, Lickliter JD, Griffin P, Wilkinson B, Glenn GM. Phase 1-2 Trial of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:2320-2332. [PMID: 32877576 PMCID: PMC7494251 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2026920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 819] [Impact Index Per Article: 204.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NVX-CoV2373 is a recombinant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (rSARS-CoV-2) nanoparticle vaccine composed of trimeric full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins and Matrix-M1 adjuvant. METHODS We initiated a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 1-2 trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the rSARS-CoV-2 vaccine (in 5-μg and 25-μg doses, with or without Matrix-M1 adjuvant, and with observers unaware of trial-group assignments) in 131 healthy adults. In phase 1, vaccination comprised two intramuscular injections, 21 days apart. The primary outcomes were reactogenicity; laboratory values (serum chemistry and hematology), according to Food and Drug Administration toxicity scoring, to assess safety; and IgG anti-spike protein response (in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] units). Secondary outcomes included unsolicited adverse events, wild-type virus neutralization (microneutralization assay), and T-cell responses (cytokine staining). IgG and microneutralization assay results were compared with 32 (IgG) and 29 (neutralization) convalescent serum samples from patients with Covid-19, most of whom were symptomatic. We performed a primary analysis at day 35. RESULTS After randomization, 83 participants were assigned to receive the vaccine with adjuvant and 25 without adjuvant, and 23 participants were assigned to receive placebo. No serious adverse events were noted. Reactogenicity was absent or mild in the majority of participants, more common with adjuvant, and of short duration (mean, ≤2 days). One participant had mild fever that lasted 1 day. Unsolicited adverse events were mild in most participants; there were no severe adverse events. The addition of adjuvant resulted in enhanced immune responses, was antigen dose-sparing, and induced a T helper 1 (Th1) response. The two-dose 5-μg adjuvanted regimen induced geometric mean anti-spike IgG (63,160 ELISA units) and neutralization (3906) responses that exceeded geometric mean responses in convalescent serum from mostly symptomatic Covid-19 patients (8344 and 983, respectively). CONCLUSIONS At 35 days, NVX-CoV2373 appeared to be safe, and it elicited immune responses that exceeded levels in Covid-19 convalescent serum. The Matrix-M1 adjuvant induced CD4+ T-cell responses that were biased toward a Th1 phenotype. (Funded by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04368988).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Keech
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Gary Albert
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Iksung Cho
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Andreana Robertson
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Patricia Reed
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Susan Neal
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Joyce S Plested
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Mingzhu Zhu
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Shane Cloney-Clark
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Haixia Zhou
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Gale Smith
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Nita Patel
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Matthew B Frieman
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Robert E Haupt
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - James Logue
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Marisa McGrath
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Stuart Weston
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Pedro A Piedra
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Chinar Desai
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Kathleen Callahan
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Maggie Lewis
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Patricia Price-Abbott
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Neil Formica
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Vivek Shinde
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Louis Fries
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Jason D Lickliter
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Paul Griffin
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Bethanie Wilkinson
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
| | - Gregory M Glenn
- From Novavax, Gaithersburg, MD (C.K., G.A., I.C., A.R., P.R., S.N., J.S.P., M.Z., S.C.-C., H.Z., G.S., N.P., C.D., K.C., M.L., P.P.-A., N.F., V.S., L.F., B.W., G.M.G.), and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (M.B.F., R.E.H., J.L., M.M.G., S.W.); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (P.A.P.); and Nucleus Network, Melbourne, VIC (J.D.L.), and Q-Pharm, Herston, QLD (P.G.) - both in Australia
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