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Ye H, Wu F, Zhuang P, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Jiao J. Dietary intake of saturated fatty acids and the risk of incident diabetes: associations by isocaloric substitutions in a nationwide Chinese cohort. Eur J Nutr 2025; 64:181. [PMID: 40392293 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-025-03703-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2025] [Indexed: 05/22/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevailing dietary guidelines recommend replacing saturated fatty acids (SFAs) with unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs). However, the relationship between specific types of SFA consumption and the risk of incident diabetes in China remains unclear. METHODS We analyzed data from 15,021 apparently healthy Chinese adults, aged ≥ 20 years, participating in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Cumulative averages of SFA intake were calculated using 3-day, 24-h dietary recalls from each survey cycle. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were employed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for diabetes risk associated with isocaloric substituting carbohydrate or PUFAs with SFAs. RESULTS Over 167,698 person-years of follow-up, 1014 incident diabetes were identified. After adjustment for multiple variables, isocaloric substitution of carbohydrates with total SFAs was associated with a lower risk of diabetes (P < 0.001 for trend). The HR (95% CI) among the highest quartile of SFA intake individuals compared to the lowest quartile was 0.56 (0.40-0.79) for even-chain SFAs and 0.53 (0.37-0.76) for long-chain SFAs. Specifically, an inverse association with diabetes risk was observed for isocaloric substituting carbohydrates with lauric acid (12:0) [HRs for increasing quartiles (95% CIs): 0.62 (0.47-0.82), 0.62 (0.44-0.86), and 0.36 (0.24-0.53); P < 0.001 for trend]. No significant association were found between diabetes risk and isocaloric substitutions of carbohydrates with myristic acid (14:0), palmitic acid (16:0), or stearic acid (18:0). Alternations of PUFAs with total SFAs or subtypes of SFAs present similar results. CONCLUSIONS Isocaloric substituting carbohydrates with lauric acid (12:0) was associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes. Given the strong correlation between lauric acid and diabetes, further research is needed to clarify the association and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhang B, Gao Y, Shao Y, Li Y, Ma J, Xie S, Li J, Ma T, Wang Z. Riboflavin improves meat quality, antioxidant capacity, muscle development, and lipids composition of breast muscle in pigeon. Poult Sci 2025; 104:104856. [PMID: 39970516 PMCID: PMC11880711 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different dietary riboflavin supplementation levels on riboflavin status, meat quality, antioxidant capacity, breast muscle development, and lipid composition in pigeons. Squabs were fed diets with five riboflavin concentrations ranging from 1.20 to 16.20 mg/kg. Riboflavin, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and flavin mononucleotide concentrations in the liver and breast muscle were significantly lower in the riboflavin-deficient group (P < 0.05) and increased with higher riboflavin levels. Regarding meat quality, riboflavin supplementation improved shear force, redness, breast muscle weight, and percentage (P < 0.05), whereas riboflavin deficiency exhibited poorer meat characteristics. Riboflavin enhanced antioxidant capacity, as shown by reduced MDA and increased T-SOD and GR activity in the supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed that riboflavin-deficient pigeons had smaller muscle fiber diameter and greater fiber density (P < 0.05). Riboflavin supplementation also improved lipid composition by reducing saturated fatty acids and increasing polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid (P < 0.05). Additionally, riboflavin influenced the expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism and antioxidant function, with downregulation of ACADL and ACADS in the deficient group (P < 0.05). These results indicate adequate riboflavin supplementation enhances pigeon meat quality, muscle development, antioxidant defense, and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, riboflavin supplements in the pigeon diet can improve the quality of pigeon meat by maintaining muscle development, enhancing antioxidant function, and stabilizing lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Yusheng Gao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050091, PR China
| | - Yuxin Shao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Yipu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050091, PR China
| | - Jianyuan Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Shuxian Xie
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Tenghe Ma
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050091, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
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Li T, Wang Z, Xiao Z, Feng C, Sun Z, Mao D, Zhou P, Yuan C, Zhao D, Shang W, Liu Y, Yuan C, Hong L, Zang J, Zong G. Associations of Cooking Salt Intake During Pregnancy with Low Birth Weight and Small for Gestational Age Newborns: A Large Cohort Study. Nutrients 2025; 17:642. [PMID: 40004968 PMCID: PMC11858035 DOI: 10.3390/nu17040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2025] [Revised: 02/04/2025] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Excessive salt intake has been strongly associated with multiple health conditions, while evidence linking salt consumption during pregnancy and birth outcomes remains limited. We aimed to investigate the association between salt intake during pregnancy and adverse outcomes of birth weight. Methods: Our study was based on a prospective cohort study that has followed 4267 mother-child pairs since 2017 in Shanghai, China. Salt consumption was estimated based on the cooking salt and soy sauce from household condiments consumed, weighing measurements over a week, and then categorized into <5.0 (reference), 5.0-10.0, and ≥10.0 g/day. Salt density was calculated as the amount of salt divided by the total energy intake from food frequency questionnaires. Outcomes related to birth weight were defined according to standard clinical cutoffs, including low birth weight (LBW), macrosomia, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Results: Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of LBW were 1.72 (95% CI 1.01-2.91) for 5.0-10.0 g/day salt intake, and 2.06 (95% CI 1.02-4.13) for ≥10.0 g/day, compared to those of <5.0 g/day (p-trend = 0.04). For SGA, ORs were 1.46 (95% CI 1.09-1.97) for 5.0-10.0 g/day and 1.69 (95% CI 1.16-2.47; p-trend = 0.006) for ≥10.0 g/day. Similarly, the OR comparing the extreme tertile (high vs. low) of salt density was 1.91 (95% CI 1.08-3.36; p-trend = 0.01) for LBW and 1.63 (95% CI 1.18-2.25; p-trend < 0.001) for SGA. No significant associations were observed for salt intake in relation to macrosomia or LGA. These findings remain stable in all sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Conclusions: In this study, habitual cooking salt intake above 5 g/day was associated with increased risks of LBW and SGA, which warrants confirmation by interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhengyuan Wang
- Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Zilin Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chengwu Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Dou Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Puchen Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Caimei Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Danyang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wanning Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yunman Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jiajie Zang
- Division of Health Risk Factors Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Geng Zong
- Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, No.130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Wan X, Liu X, Ao Y, Zhang L, Zhuang P, Jiao J, Zhang Y. Associations between cooking method of food and type 2 diabetes risk: A prospective analysis focusing on cooking method transitioning. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124662. [PMID: 39097261 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Cooking process for food significantly impacts household air and increases exposure to endocrine disruptors such as acrylamide, consequently affecting human health. In the past 30 years, the transformation of cooking methods to high-temperature thermal processing has occurred widely in China. Yet the transition of cooking methods on the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear, which may hinder health-based Sustainable Development Goals. We aimed to estimate the associations between dietary intake with different cooking methods and T2D risk. We included 14,745 participants (>20 y) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1991-2015). Food consumption was calculated using three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with both individual participant level and household food inventory. Cooking methods, including boiling, steaming, baking, griddling, stir-frying, deep-frying, and raw eating, were also recorded. The consumption of baked/griddled and deep-fried foods was positively associated with 39% and 35% higher of T2D risk by comparing the highest with the lowest category of food consumption, respectively. The use of unhealthy cooking methods for processing foods including baked/griddled and deep-fried foods was attributable for 15 million T2D cases of the total T2D burden in 2011, resulting in a medical cost of $2.7 billion and was expected to be attributable for 39 million T2D cases in 2030, producing a medical cost of $223.8 billion. Replacing one serving of deep-fried foods and baked/griddle foods with boiled/steamed foods was related to 50% and 20% lower risk of T2D, respectively. Our findings recommend healthy driven cooking methods for daily diet for nourishing sustainable T2D prevention in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Ao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lange Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Saaty AH, Aljadani HM. Comparison of food intake pattern of diabetic patients and healthy individuals in a sample of Saudi population: a case-control study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1590. [PMID: 38872144 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been a significant rise in the number of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with the condition reaching epidemic proportions globally. This study examined the dietary pattern of a sample of Saudi Arabian adults with T2DM compared to control non-diabetics. METHODS Data from 414 participants, 207 control and 207 T2DM was analyzed. Anthropometric measurements, foods intake such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fried foods, sweetened juice, sweets, and pastries consumption as well as physical activity were obtained by an interview-survey. RESULTS The consumption of vegetables, green and leafy vegetables, starchy vegetables, fruits, proteins, and milk was significantly higher in the diabetics (p< 0.0001 for all and p<0.01 for starchy vegetables). Of the case group, 79.7% of them consumed whole-wheat bread while 54.6% of them consumed low fat milk (p<0.0001). There was a significant decrease in the percentage of cases who consumed discretionary foods and sweetened juices and soft drinks (24.1%), avoided sweets (75.8%) and pastries (37.1%), (p<0.0001). There were also significant increases in the percentages of participants who use healthy fat (as olive oil) in the case group (78.7%) (p<0.001). There was a significant increase in the percentage of diabetics who followed a diet to lose weight (15%) (p<0.05). The majority of the two study groups were physically inactive (control 95.2% & case 94.2%). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide insight on that diabetics generally follow a healthy diet, yet their engagement in physical activity may not be optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan H Saaty
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21551, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haya Ma Aljadani
- Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21551, Saudi Arabia
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Neuenschwander M, Stadelmaier J, Eble J, Grummich K, Szczerba E, Kiesswetter E, Schlesinger S, Schwingshackl L. Substitution of animal-based with plant-based foods on cardiometabolic health and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. BMC Med 2023; 21:404. [PMID: 37968628 PMCID: PMC10652524 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that substituting animal-based with plant-based foods is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and all-cause mortality. Our aim was to summarize and evaluate the evidence for the substitution of any animal-based foods with plant-based foods on cardiometabolic health and all-cause mortality in a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science to March 2023 for prospective studies investigating the substitution of animal-based with plant-based foods on CVD, T2D, and all-cause mortality. We calculated summary hazard ratios (SHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using random-effects meta-analyses. We assessed the certainty of evidence (CoE) using the GRADE approach. RESULTS In total, 37 publications based on 24 cohorts were included. There was moderate CoE for a lower risk of CVD when substituting processed meat with nuts [SHR (95% CI): 0.73 (0.59, 0.91), n = 8 cohorts], legumes [0.77 (0.68, 0.87), n = 8], and whole grains [0.64 (0.54, 0.75), n = 7], as well as eggs with nuts [0.83 (0.78, 0.89), n = 8] and butter with olive oil [0.96 (0.95, 0.98), n = 3]. Furthermore, we found moderate CoE for an inverse association with T2D incidence when substituting red meat with whole grains/cereals [0.90 (0.84, 0.96), n = 6] and red meat or processed meat with nuts [0.92 (0.90, 0.94), n = 6 or 0.78 (0.69, 0.88), n = 6], as well as for replacing poultry with whole grains [0.87 (0.83, 0.90), n = 2] and eggs with nuts or whole grains [0.82 (0.79, 0.86), n = 2 or 0.79 (0.76, 0.83), n = 2]. Moreover, replacing red meat for nuts [0.93 (0.91, 0.95), n = 9] and whole grains [0.96 (0.95, 0.98), n = 3], processed meat with nuts [0.79 (0.71, 0.88), n = 9] and legumes [0.91 (0.85, 0.98), n = 9], dairy with nuts [0.94 (0.91, 0.97), n = 3], and eggs with nuts [0.85 (0.82, 0.89), n = 8] and legumes [0.90 (0.89, 0.91), n = 7] was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that a shift from animal-based (e.g., red and processed meat, eggs, dairy, poultry, butter) to plant-based (e.g., nuts, legumes, whole grains, olive oil) foods is beneficially associated with cardiometabolic health and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Neuenschwander
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Stadelmaier
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Eble
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Grummich
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Edyta Szczerba
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva Kiesswetter
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Lai JS, Godfrey KM, Ong CN, Tan KH, Yap F, Chong YS, Chan JKY, Chan SY, Chong MFF. Perinatal Plasma Carotenoids and Vitamin E Concentrations with Glycemia and Insulin Resistance in Women during and after Pregnancy. Nutrients 2023; 15:4421. [PMID: 37892496 PMCID: PMC10610276 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations of perinatal plasma carotenoids and E vitamers concentrations with glycemia, insulin resistance, and gestational and type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and post-pregnancy in GUSTO women. Plasma carotenoid and E vitamer concentrations were measured at delivery, and principal component analysis was used to derive the patterns of their concentrations. Fasting and 2 h glucose levels and fasting insulin were measured at 26-28 weeks gestation and 4-6 years post-pregnancy, with the derivation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In 678 women, two carotenoid patterns (CP1: α- and β-carotene and lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin) and one E vitamer pattern (VE: γ-, δ-, and α-tocopherols) were derived. A higher CP1 score (1-SD) was associated with lower gestational fasting glucose (β (95%CI): -0.06 (-0.10, -0.02) mmol/L) and lower gestational (-0.17 (-0.82, 0.01) mmol/L, p = 0.06) and post-pregnancy HOMA-IR (-0.11 (-0.15, -0.08) mmol/L). A higher VE score (1 SD) was associated with higher gestational and post-pregnancy fasting and 2 h glucose (gestational: 0.05 (0.01, 0.08) and 0.08 (0.01, 0.16); post-pregnancy: 0.19 (0.07, 0.31) and 0.24 (0.06, 0.42) mmol/L). Higher α- and β-carotene and lutein may be beneficial for gestational fasting glycemia, but higher vitamin E may increase gestational and post-pregnancy glycemia, although these findings require confirmation in cohorts with prospective longitudinal measurements of these vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun S. Lai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore;
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore;
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Jerry K. Y. Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore;
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Mary F.-F. Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
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Xu L, Zhao J, Li Z, Sun J, Lu Y, Zhang R, Zhu Y, Ding K, Rudan I, Theodoratou E, Song P, Li X, Global Health Epidemiology Research Group (GHERG). National and subnational incidence, mortality and associated factors of colorectal cancer in China: A systematic analysis and modelling study. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04096. [PMID: 37824177 PMCID: PMC10569376 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to their known variation by geography and economic development, we aimed to evaluate the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China over the past decades and identify factors associated with CRC among the Chinese population to provide targeted information on disease prevention. Methods We conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis of epidemiolocal studies on the incidence, mortality, and associated factors of CRC among the Chinese population, extracting and synthesising data from eligible studies retrieved from seven global and Chinese databases. We pooled age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) and mortality rates (ASMRs) for each province, subregion, and the whole of China, and applied a joinpoint regression model and annual per cent changes (APCs) to estimate the trends of CRC incidence and mortality. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses to assess the effect estimates of identified associated risk factors. Results We included 493 articles; 271 provided data on CRC incidence or mortality, and 222 on associated risk factors. Overall, the ASIR of CRC in China increased from 2.75 to 19.39 (per 100 000 person-years) between 1972 and 2019 with a slowed-down growth rate (APC1 = 5.75, APC2 = 0.42), while the ASMR of CRC decreased from 12.00 to 7.95 (per 100 000 person-years) between 1974 and 2020 with a slight downward trend (APC = -0.89). We analysed 62 risk factors with synthesized data; 16 belonging to the categories of anthropometrics factors, lifestyle factors, dietary factors, personal histories and mental health conditions were graded to be associated with CRC risk among the Chinese population in the meta-analysis limited to the high-quality studies. Conclusions We found substantial variation of CRC burden across regions and provinces of China and identified several associated risk factors for CRC, which could help to guide the formulation of targeted disease prevention and control strategies. Registration PROSPERO: CRD42022346558.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Xu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongqi Zhang
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingshuang Zhu
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kefeng Ding
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Algebra University, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zheijang Province, Hangzhou. China
| | - Global Health Epidemiology Research Group (GHERG)
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Algebra University, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Public Health and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zheijang Province, Hangzhou. China
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Wang Y, Shi J, Liu K, Wang Y, Xu Y, Liu Y. Metabolomics and gene expression levels reveal the positive effects of teaseed oil on lifespan and aging process in Caenorhabditis elegans. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Eisenstein M. From tea to tofu: why Chinese dietary staples are rich pickings for research. Nature 2023; 618:S15-S17. [PMID: 37316723 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-01842-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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11
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Liu Z, Yuan J, Wen P, Guo X, Li K, Wang Y, Liu R, Guo Y, Li D. Effect of Lard or Plus Soybean Oil on Markers of Liver Function in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Controlled-Feeding Trial. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091894. [PMID: 37174432 PMCID: PMC10178189 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans have consumed lard for thousands of years, but in recent decades, it has become much less popular because it is regarded as saturated fat. Animal studies showed that lard plus soybean oil (blend oil) was more advantageous for liver health than using either oil alone. This study aims to assess the effects of blend oil on liver function markers in healthy subjects. The 345 healthy subjects were randomized into 3 isoenergetic diet groups with different edible oils (30 g/day) (soybean oil, lard, and blend oil (50% lard and 50% soybean oil)) for 12 weeks. The reductions in both aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were greater in the blend oil group than in the two other groups (p = 0.001 and <0.001 for the interaction between diet group and time, respectively). The reductions in AST and ALT in the blend oil group were more significant compared with those in the soybean oil group (p < 0.001) or lard group (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the other liver function markers between the groups. Thus, blend oil was beneficial for liver function markers such as AST and ALT compared with soybean oil and lard alone, which might help prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the healthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liu
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jihong Yuan
- No. 2 Department of Nutrition, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Supply Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Kelei Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yinpeng Wang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruirui Liu
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
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12
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Iatcu CO, Gal AM, Covasa M. Dietary Patterns of Patients with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040532. [PMID: 37110190 PMCID: PMC10142065 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the worldwide high prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the prevention and control of this disease has become an urgent priority. In this research, we report the results from a cross-sectional study conducted in the counties of Suceava and Iasi, northeast of Romania, on 587 patients with type 2 diabetes and 264 patients with prediabetes. By employing a factor analysis (principal component) on 14 food groups followed by varimax orthogonal rotation, three dietary patterns were identified for each group. In prediabetes, a low adherence to a specific dietary pattern (1 and 2) was associated with lower fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure and serum insulin, compared to increased adherence. In patients with diabetes, a low adherence to Pattern 1 was associated with lower systolic blood pressures, while a low adherence to Pattern 3 was associated with a lower HbA1c, compared to high adherence. Statistically significant differences between the groups were observed for fats and oils, fish and fish products, fruit, potatoes, sugars, preserves and snacks intake. The study demonstrated that certain food patterns are associated with increased blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and serum insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Oana Iatcu
- College of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Gal
- College of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
| | - Mihai Covasa
- College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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13
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Viana Dias JP, Pimenta AM, de Souza Costa Sobrinho P, Miranda Hermsdorff HH, Bressan J, Nobre LN. Consumption of sweetened beverages is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Brazilian adults (CUME project). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:789-796. [PMID: 36849319 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM To evaluate the association between the energy consumption of sweetened beverages (SBs) adjusted for daily energy intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a prospective study with 2480 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-free Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME) participants at baseline and 2-4 years of follow-up. A longitudinal analysis was performed with generalized equation estimation to verify the effect of SB consumption, adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, on the incidence of T2DM. The incidence of T2DM was 2.78%. The median calorie intake of daily SB consumption adjusted for energy was 47.7 kcal/day. Participants with the highest consumption of SBs (≥47.7 kcal/day) were 63% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63; p value-0.049) more likely to acquire T2DM over time compared to the lowest consumption (<47.7 kcal/day). CONCLUSIONS Higher energy consumption from SBs favored a higher incidence of T2DM among CUME participants. The results reinforce the need for marketing restrictions on these foods and taxation to reduce the consumption of these beverages to prevent T2DM and other chronic noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Viana Dias
- Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha e Mucur, Postgraduate Program in Sciences of Nutritioni, Diamantina, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Neri Nobre
- Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Program in Sciences of Nutrition, Diamantina, Brazil.
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14
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Cui Z, Wu M, Liu K, Wang Y, Kang T, Meng S, Meng H. Associations between Conventional and Emerging Indicators of Dietary Carbohydrate Quality and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:647. [PMID: 36771355 PMCID: PMC9919288 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary glycemic index (GI), carbohydrate to fiber ratio (CF) and carbohydrate quality index (CQI) are conventional and emerging indicators for carbohydrate quality. We aimed to investigate the associations between these indicators and new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk among Chinese adults. This prospective cohort study included 14,590 adults from the China Health and Nutrition Survey without cardiometabolic diseases at baseline. The associations between dietary GI, CF and CQI and T2DM risk were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and dose-response relationships were explored using restricted cubic spline and threshold analysis. After a mean follow-up duration of 10 years, a total of 1053 new-onset T2DM cases occurred. There were U-shaped associations between dietary GI and CF and T2DM risk (both P-nonlinear < 0.0001), and T2DM risk was lowest when dietary GI was 72.85 (71.40, 74.05) and CF was 20.55 (17.92, 21.91), respectively (both P-log likelihood ratio < 0.0001). Inverse associations between CQI and T2DM risk specifically existed in participants < 60 y or attended middle school or above (both P-trend < 0.05). These findings indicated that moderate dietary GI and CF range and a higher dietary CQI score may be suggested for T2DM prevention in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Cui
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Shenzhen Health Development Research and Data Management Center, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - Man Wu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ke Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Tong Kang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shuangli Meng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Huicui Meng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou 510080, China
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15
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Cecchini AL, Biscetti F, Rando MM, Nardella E, Pecorini G, Eraso LH, Dimuzio PJ, Gasbarrini A, Massetti M, Flex A. Dietary Risk Factors and Eating Behaviors in Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10814. [PMID: 36142725 PMCID: PMC9504787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary risk factors play a fundamental role in the prevention and progression of atherosclerosis and PAD (Peripheral Arterial Disease). The impact of nutrition, however, defined as the process of taking in food and using it for growth, metabolism and repair, remains undefined with regard to PAD. This article describes the interplay between nutrition and the development/progression of PAD. We reviewed 688 articles, including key articles, narrative and systematic reviews, meta-analyses and clinical studies. We analyzed the interaction between nutrition and PAD predictors, and subsequently created four descriptive tables to summarize the relationship between PAD, dietary risk factors and outcomes. We comprehensively reviewed the role of well-studied diets (Mediterranean, vegetarian/vegan, low-carbohydrate ketogenic and intermittent fasting diet) and prevalent eating behaviors (emotional and binge eating, night eating and sleeping disorders, anorexia, bulimia, skipping meals, home cooking and fast/ultra-processed food consumption) on the traditional risk factors of PAD. Moreover, we analyzed the interplay between PAD and nutritional status, nutrients, dietary patterns and eating habits. Dietary patterns and eating disorders affect the development and progression of PAD, as well as its disabling complications including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE). Nutrition and dietary risk factor modification are important targets to reduce the risk of PAD as well as the subsequent development of MACE and MALE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Leonardo Cecchini
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Biscetti
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Margherita Rando
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nardella
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pecorini
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luis H. Eraso
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Paul J. Dimuzio
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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16
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Factors of Obesity and Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Asia. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58091271. [PMID: 36143948 PMCID: PMC9500686 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58091271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The East Asian region (China, Japan, and South Korea) is comprised of almost 1.5 billion people and recent industrialization has brought with it a pandemic of rising obesity, even in children. As these countries are rapidly aging and functioning at sub-replacement birthrates, the burgeoning costs of obesity-related care may threaten socialized healthcare systems and quality of life. However, a condition called metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has been found to be without immediate cardiopulmonary or diabetic risk. Thus, maintenance of the MHO condition for the obese in East Asia could buffer the burden of long-term obesity care on medical systems and knowledge of the biochemical, genetic, and physiological milieu associated with it could also provide new targets for intervention. Diverse physiological, psychological, environmental, and social factors play a role in obesogenesis and the transition of MHO to a metabolically unhealthy obesity. This review will give a broad survey of the various causes of obesity and MHO, with special emphasis on the East Asian population and studies from that region.
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17
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Dietary Copper and Selenium Intakes and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102055. [PMID: 35631196 PMCID: PMC9142999 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term associations between dietary copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) intakes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk are unclear. We aimed to examine the prospective associations between dietary Cu and Se intakes and T2DM risk in Chinese adults. A total of 14,711 adults from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997–2015) were included. Nutrient intakes were assessed by 3 consecutive 24 h recalls and food-weighing methods. T2DM was identified by a validated questionnaire and laboratory examination. Cox regression models were used for statistical analysis. A total of 1040 T2DM cases were diagnosed during 147,142 person-years of follow-up. In fully adjusted models, dietary Cu or Se intake was not associated with T2DM risk. Dietary Se intake significantly modified the association between dietary Cu intake and T2DM risk, and dietary Cu intake was positively associated with T2DM risk when Se intake was lower than the median (p-interaction = 0.0292). There were no significant effect modifications on the associations by age, sex, BMI, or region. Although dietary Cu or Se intake was not independently associated with T2DM risk in Chinese adults free from cardiometabolic diseases and cancer at the baseline, there was a significant interaction between dietary Cu and Se intakes on T2DM risk.
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18
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Li T, Guan L, Wang X, Li X, Zhou C, Wang X, Liang W, Xiao R, Xi Y. Relationship Between Dietary Patterns and Chronic Diseases in Rural Population: Management Plays an Important Role in the Link. Front Nutr 2022; 9:866400. [PMID: 35495931 PMCID: PMC9045401 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.866400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveHealth dietary pattern is related with reduced risk of chronic metabolic disease, but the benefits were not fully clear in the Chinese population. The aim of this study was to explore the association between dietary patterns and multiple chronic metabolic diseases in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.MethodsA total of 718 Chinese adults aged ≥ 45 who lived in the Huairou regions of Beijing were included in the present cross-sectional analysis from 2019 to 2020. Dietary data were obtained by food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). Dietary patterns were identified by principal components analysis (PCA). Logistic regression analysis and hierarchical analysis were used to examine the relationship among dietary patterns, health management, and chronic diseases.ResultsFive dietary patterns were discovered in the subjects. The pattern with the higher percentage of energy supply by lipid was a risk factor for hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 2.067, p = 0.013]. Lower energy intake (OR = 0.512, p = 0.012) and a reasonable ratio of dietary energy supply (OR = 0.506, p = 0.011) were beneficial to diabetes. The substitution of potato for grain might be an effective way of reducing diabetes (OR = 0.372, p < 0.001). The higher intake of high-quality protein was the protective factor for coronary heart disease (CHD; OR = 0.438, p = 0.008). Moderate intervention (OR = 0.185, p = 0.033) and appropriate health education (OR = 0.432, p = 0.016) could greatly subserve the prevention of chronic diseases, especially for hyperlipidemia. Men were more likely to be affected by health education, intervention, and follow-up than women. The prevalence of multimorbidity was higher in women (43.2%) than men (41.5%). The staple food intake and health management were also important factors to prevent multimorbidity.ConclusionDietary pattern with appropriate energy intake, a reasonable source of energy supply, high quality of macronutrients, and moderate management was associated with decreased risk of chronic metabolic diseases. Further studies are needed to clarify the cause–effect relationship between dietary patterns, health management, and chronic diseases and give suggestions to chronic metabolic disease prevention in middle-aged and elderly people in a rural area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizheng Guan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Geriatics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wannian Liang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Rong Xiao
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuandi Xi
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19
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Zhou C, Zhang Z, Liu M, Zhang Y, Li H, He P, Li Q, Liu C, Qin X. Dietary carbohydrate intake and new-onset diabetes: A nationwide cohort study in China. Metabolism 2021; 123:154865. [PMID: 34391776 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM The association of carbohydrate intake with diabetes risk remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the prospective associations of the amount and types of carbohydrate intake with new-onset diabetes. METHODS A total of 16,260 non-diabetic participants from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were included. Dietary intake was collected by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Participants with self-reported physician diagnosed diabetes, or fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5% during the follow-up were defined having new-onset diabetes. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9 years (158,930 person-years), 1100 participants developed diabetes. Overall, there was a U-shaped association between percent of energy from carbohydrate intake and new-onset diabetes, with minimal risk at 49-56% of energy from total carbohydrate intake (quartile 2) (P for nonlinearity <0.001). Moreover, there was an L-shaped association between high-quality carbohydrate intake and new-onset diabetes (P for nonlinearity <0.001), and a J-shaped association of low-quality carbohydrate intake with new-onset diabetes (P for nonlinearity <0.001). Furthermore, there was an inverse association between the plant-based low-carbohydrate diet scores for low-quality carbohydrate and new-onset diabetes. However, a reversed J-shaped association was found between the animal-based low-carbohydrate diet scores for low-quality carbohydrate and new-onset diabetes (P for nonlinearity <0.001). CONCLUSIONS There was a U-shape association between percent of total carbohydrate intake and new-onset diabetes, with the lowest risk at 49-56% carbohydrate intake. Our findings provide some evidence for the intake of high-quality carbohydrate, and the substitution of plant-based products for low-quality carbohydrate for primary prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhuxian Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mengyi Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Panpan He
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qinqin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Yu N, Ye Q, Nie X, Xia C, Meng X. Distribution of 2-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone and its precursor, tert-butylhydroquinone, in typical edible oils and oleaginous foods marketed in Hangzhou City, China. Food Chem 2021; 361:130039. [PMID: 34022482 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to obtain a reliable evaluation about addition of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), and distribution of TBHQ and 2-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TBBQ) contents in typical edible oils and oleaginous foods marketed in Hangzhou City. Briefly, the probability of labeled with addition of TBHQ in foods decreased from 36.45 ± 2.6% to 28.78 ± 3.7% in the period from 2018 to 2020. In the 135 analyzed samples, TBHQ contents were far less than the maximum legal additive amount, and TBBQ contents ranged from below its limit of quantification (LOQ) to 13.54 ± 1.15 mg/kg. The conversion rate from TBHQ to TBBQ in edible oils was 2.94 ± 1.17%, much lower than that in other food categories. Further research determined that the process method and food composition were the main factors for different conversion rates from TBHQ to TBBQ in various food categories. In addition, oil consumption was found to be the primary source of dietary intake of TBHQ and TBBQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxiang Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Institute of Food Sciences, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiaohua Nie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaosheng Xia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianghe Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Xia M, Liu K, Feng J, Zheng Z, Xie X. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes Among 53,288 Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1975-1985. [PMID: 33976558 PMCID: PMC8104985 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s305919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that causes a heavy burden on healthcare systems worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes and its associated factors among eight communities in Nanchong, China. METHODS This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted throughout eight communities in Nanchong, China. The participants were 53,288 individuals aged 45 years or older. The participants' characteristics, comorbidities, health behaviors, family history, and dietary intake were assessed. Multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. RESULTS The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was 13.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.6-14.2) and 3.1% (95% CI, 2.9-3.2) of the population, respectively. After adjusting for other risk factors, advanced age, overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, comorbidities, smoking, a family history of diabetes, and Chinese cooking vegetable intake were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. CONCLUSION The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population is rising compared with data from the past. The risk factors of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes identified in this study will aid the identification of individuals at a high-risk of diabetes and the implementation of effective health promotion programs and campaigns. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER ChiCTR-HOC-17013200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Xia
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital) and Nanchong Key Laboratory of Basic Science & Clinical Research on Chronic Kidney Disease, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaixiang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital) and Nanchong Key Laboratory of Basic Science & Clinical Research on Chronic Kidney Disease, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zaiqiong Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital) and Nanchong Key Laboratory of Basic Science & Clinical Research on Chronic Kidney Disease, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xisheng Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital) and Nanchong Key Laboratory of Basic Science & Clinical Research on Chronic Kidney Disease, Nanchong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xisheng Xie Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical Institution of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), South Renmin Road 97, Shunqing District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 158 8170 0265 Email
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