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Zhang J, Han J, Li N, Zhou W. Deciphering the Protective Role of HIF-1α Downregulation on HIBD through the MALAT1/miR-140-5p/TGFBR1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04451-7. [PMID: 39278884 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonates is a substantial cause of mortality and neurodevelopmental impairment, with the exact molecular mechanisms still being elucidated. The involvement of HIF-1α, MALAT1, miR-140-5p, TGFBR1, and the NF-κB signaling pathway in such injury cascades is of increasing research interest due to their pivotal roles in cellular and pathological processes. This study aimed to explore how HIF-1α regulates the MALAT1/miR-140-5p/TGFBR1/NF-κB signaling axis to participate in the molecular mechanisms of HIBD in neonatal rats. Utilizing bioinformatic analyses and a suite of experimental approaches, the study delineated interactions and regulatory relationships among the molecules. Knockdown of HIF-1α was shown to mitigate brain tissue damage in a neonatal HIBD rat model through the MALAT1/miR-140-5p/TGFBR1/NF-κB signaling axis, revealing a protective effect achieved by inhibiting hippocampal neuron apoptosis and potentially guiding the way toward therapeutic interventions in HIBD. This study implicates the HIF-1α mediated regulation of the MALAT1/miR-140-5p/TGFBR1/NF-κB signaling axis in the pathological development of HIBD, offering insights into novel potential interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Zhang
- Colorectal & Anal Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Pi J, Liu J, Chang H, Chen X, Pan W, Zhang Q, Zhuang T, Liu J, Wang H, Tomlinson B, Chan P, Cheng Y, Yu Z, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Liu J, Zhang Y. Therapeutic efficacy of ECs Foxp1 targeting Hif1α-Hk2 glycolysis signal to restrict angiogenesis. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103281. [PMID: 39083899 PMCID: PMC11342203 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) rely on glycolysis for energy production to maintain vascular homeostasis and the normalization of hyperglycolysis in tumor vessels has recently gained attention as a therapeutic target. We analyzed the TCGA database and found reduced Foxp1 expression in lung carcinoma. Immunostaining demonstrated reduced expression more restricted at tumor vascular ECs. Therefore, we investigated the function and mechanisms of Foxp1 in EC metabolism for tumor angiogenesis required for tumor growth. EC-Foxp1 deletion mice exhibited a significant increase of tumor and retinal developmental angiogenesis and Hif1α was identified as Foxp1 target gene, and Hk2 as Hif1α target gene. The Foxp1-Hif1α-Hk2 pathway in ECs is important in the regulation of glycolytic metabolism to govern tumor angiogenesis. Finally, we used genetic deletion of EC-Hif1α and RGD-peptide nanoparticles EC target delivery of Hif1α/Hk2-siRNAs to knockdown gene expression which reduced the tumor EC hyperglycolysis state and restricted angiogenesis for tumor growth. This study advances our understanding of EC metabolism for tumor angiogenesis, and meanwhile provides evidence for future therapeutic intervention of hyperglycolysis in tumor ECs for suppression of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjiang Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Huan Chang
- Department of Electrophysiology, Jingjiang People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Wenqi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Haikun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Paul Chan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Cheng
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhenlin Zhao
- Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Innovation Center, Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Zhang TQ, Lv QY, Jin WL. The cellular-centered view of hypoxia tumor microenvironment: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189137. [PMID: 38880161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a profoundly dynamic, heterogeneous and aggressive systemic ailment, with a coordinated evolution of various types of tumor niches. Hypoxia plays an indispensable role in the tumor micro-ecosystem, drastically enhancing the plasticity of cancer cells, fibroblasts and immune cells and orchestrating intercellular communication. Hypoxia-induced signals, particularly hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), drive the reprogramming of genetic, transcriptional, and proteomic profiles. This leads to a spectrum of interconnected processes, including augmented survival of cancer cells, evasion of immune surveillance, metabolic reprogramming, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and the development of resistance to conventional therapeutic modalities like radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Here, we summarize the latest research on the multifaceted effects of hypoxia, where a multitude of cellular and non-cellular elements crosstalk with each other and co-evolve in a synergistic manner. Additionally, we investigate therapeutic approaches targeting hypoxic niche, encompassing hypoxia-activated prodrugs, HIF inhibitors, nanomedicines, and combination therapies. Finally, we discuss some of the issues to be addressed and highlight the potential of emerging technologies in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Qian-Yu Lv
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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4
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Mikawa T, Yoshida K, Kondoh H. Senotherapy preserves resilience in aging. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024. [PMID: 39098000 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
In aging societies, social and economic burdens of aging-related diseases are increasing significantly. Senotherapy, which targets aging by eliminating senescent cells (senolytics) or removing sources of chronic inflammation (senostatics), are proposed as novel strategies for aging-related diseases. Aged or frail people suffer a decline of tissue reserve capacity during aging. Resilience, which is much reduced in older people, is essential for recovery from diseases, stresses or crises. Impaired resilience is one of the reasons why aged people experience a gradual waning of their daily activity and an increase of multimorbidity. Calorie restriction results in senostatic alleviation of chronic inflammation, whereas senolytic drugs induce apoptosis of senescent cells, which exacerbate aging by excreting inflammatory factors. Thus, both senolytics and senostatics are expected to reduce sterile inflammation, originating from senescent cells. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Mikawa
- Geriatric Unit, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kondoh
- Geriatric Unit, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Wang Y, Shen J, Hu J, Yin H, Chen Z, Fang X, Zhang L. Investigation of the Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 in Diabetic Retinopathy. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2024; 32:1024-1035. [PMID: 37023410 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2192272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has become a major cause of blindness with increased prevalence of diabetic mellitus. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM1) plays a part in pathological neovascularization. This study aimed to investigate the role of CEACAM1 in the progression of DR. METHODS Aqueous and vitreous samples were collected from proliferative or non-proliferative DR and the control group. Multiplex fluorescent bead-based immunoassays were used to detect the levels of Cytokines. Expression of CEACAM1, VEGF, VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) were detected in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs). RESULTS CEACAM1 and VEGF levels were significantly upregulated in PDR group and positively correlated with PDR progression. Expression CEACAM1 and VEGFR2 were increased in HRECs under hypoxic conditions. The HIF-1α/VEGFA/VEGFR2 pathway was blocked by CEACAM1 siRNA in vitro. CONCLUSIONS CEACAM1 might play a role in the pathology of PDR. CEACAM1 might be a therapeutic target for retinal neovasculariztion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junhui Shen
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianghua Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jiande Branch, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Houfa Yin
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Fang
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Eye Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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6
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Ejikeme C, Safdar Z. Exploring the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1402639. [PMID: 39050536 PMCID: PMC11267418 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1402639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex cardiopulmonary disorder impacting the lung vasculature, resulting in increased pulmonary vascular resistance that leads to right ventricular dysfunction. Pulmonary hypertension comprises of 5 groups (PH group 1 to 5) where group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), results from alterations that directly affect the pulmonary arteries. Although PAH has a complex pathophysiology that is not completely understood, it is known to be a multifactorial disease that results from a combination of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, leading to a varied range of symptoms in PAH patients. PAH does not have a cure, its incidence and prevalence continue to increase every year, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality rates. In this review, we discuss the different pathologic mechanisms with a focus on epigenetic modifications and their roles in the development and progression of PAH. These modifications include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA dysregulation. Understanding these epigenetic modifications will improve our understanding of PAH and unveil novel therapeutic targets, thus steering research toward innovative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeenat Safdar
- Department of Pulmonary-Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Lung Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
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7
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Stuart S, Tarade D, Ohh M. Cathepsins L and B target HIF1α for oxygen-independent proteolytic cleavage. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14799. [PMID: 38926538 PMCID: PMC11208597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The oxygen-labile transcription factor called hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is responsible for the cellular and organismal adaptive response to reduced oxygen availability. Deregulation of HIF is associated with the pathogenesis of major human diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Under normoxia, the HIFα subunit is hydroxylated on conserved proline residues within the oxygen-dependent degradation domain (ODD) that labels HIFα for proteasome-mediated degradation. Despite similar oxygen-dependent degradation machinery acting on HIF1α and HIF2α, these two paralogs have been shown to exhibit unique kinetics under hypoxia, which suggests that other regulatory processes may be at play. Here, we characterize the protease activity found in rabbit reticulocytes that specifically cleaves the ODD of HIF1α but not HIF2α. Notably, the cleavage product is observed irrespective of the oxygen-dependent prolyl-hydroxylation potential of HIF1α, suggesting independence from oxygen. HIF1α M561T substitution, which mimics an evolutionary substitution that occurred during the duplication and divergence of HIF1α and HIF2α, diminished the cleavage of HIF1α. Protease inhibitor screening suggests that cysteine proteases cathepsins L and B preferentially cleave HIF1αODD, thereby revealing an additional layer of differential HIF regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Stuart
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Daniel Tarade
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michael Ohh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.
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8
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Slawski J, Jaśkiewicz M, Barton A, Kozioł S, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. Regulation of the HIF switch in human endothelial and cancer cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151386. [PMID: 38262137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that reprogram the transcriptome for cells to survive hypoxic insults and oxidative stress. They are important during embryonic development and reprogram the cells to utilize glycolysis when the oxygen levels are extremely low. This metabolic change facilitates normal cell survival as well as cancer cell survival. The key feature in survival is the transition between acute hypoxia and chronic hypoxia, and this is regulated by the transition between HIF-1 expression and HIF-2/HIF-3 expression. This transition is observed in many human cancers and endothelial cells and referred to as the HIF Switch. Here we discuss the mechanisms involved in the HIF Switch in human endothelial and cancer cells which include mRNA and protein levels of the alpha chains of the HIFs. A major continuing effort in this field is directed towards determining the differences between normal and tumor cell utilization of this important pathway, and how this could lead to potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Slawski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- International Research Agenda 3P, Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Barton
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kozioł
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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9
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Xiao W, Shrimali N, Oldham WM, Clish CB, He H, Wong SJ, Wertheim BM, Arons E, Haigis MC, Leopold JA, Loscalzo J. Branched chain α-ketoacids aerobically activate HIF1α signaling in vascular cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.29.595538. [PMID: 38853866 PMCID: PMC11160772 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.29.595538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is a master regulator of numerous biological processes under low oxygen tensions. Yet, the mechanisms and biological consequences of aerobic HIF1α activation by intrinsic factors, particularly in primary cells remain elusive. Here, we show that HIF1α signaling is activated in several human primary vascular cells under ambient oxygen tensions, and in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of normal human lung tissue, which contributed to a relative resistance to further enhancement of glycolytic activity in hypoxia. Mechanistically, aerobic HIFα activation is mediated by paracrine secretion of three branched chain α-ketoacids (BCKAs), which suppress prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) activity via direct inhibition and via lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA)-mediated generation of L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L2HG). Metabolic dysfunction induced by BCKAs was observed in the lungs of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from idiopathic PAH patients. BCKA supplementation stimulated glycolytic activity and promoted a phenotypic switch to the synthetic phenotype in PASMCs of normal and PAH subjects. In summary, we identify BCKAs as novel signaling metabolites that activate HIF1α signaling in normoxia and that the BCKA-HIF1α pathway modulates VSMC function and may be relevant to pulmonary vascular pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wusheng Xiao
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Compatibility Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nishith Shrimali
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William M. Oldham
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Huamei He
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha J. Wong
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bradley M. Wertheim
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Arons
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcia C. Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jane A. Leopold
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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10
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Leonard EM, Porteus CS, Brink D, Milsom WK. Fish gill chemosensing: knowledge gaps and inconsistencies. J Comp Physiol B 2024:10.1007/s00360-024-01553-5. [PMID: 38758303 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-024-01553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In this review, we explore the inconsistencies in the data and gaps in our knowledge that exist in what is currently known regarding gill chemosensors which drive the cardiorespiratory reflexes in fish. Although putative serotonergic neuroepithelial cells (NEC) dominate the literature, it is clear that other neurotransmitters are involved (adrenaline, noradrenaline, acetylcholine, purines, and dopamine). And although we assume that these agents act on neurons synapsing with the NECs or in the afferent or efferent limbs of the paths between chemosensors and central integration sites, this process remains elusive and may explain current discrepancies or species differences in the literature. To date it has been impossible to link the distribution of NECs to species sensitivity to different stimuli or fish lifestyles and while the gills have been shown to be the primary sensing site for respiratory gases, the location (gills, oro-branchial cavity or elsewhere) and orientation (external/water or internal/blood sensing) of the NECs are highly variable between species of water and air breathing fish. Much of what has been described so far comes from studies of hypoxic responses in fish, however, changes in CO2, ammonia and lactate have all been shown to elicit cardio-respiratory responses and all have been suggested to arise from stimulation of gill NECs. Our view of the role of NECs is broadening as we begin to understand the polymodal nature of these cells. We begin by presenting the fundamental picture of gill chemosensing that has developed, followed by some key unanswered questions about gill chemosensing in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Leonard
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Cosima S Porteus
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Deidre Brink
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William K Milsom
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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11
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Campbell KA, Colacino JA, Dou J, Dolinoy DC, Park SK, Loch-Caruso R, Padmanabhan V, Bakulski KM. Placental and Immune Cell DNA Methylation Reference Panel for Bulk Tissue Cell Composition Estimation in Epidemiological Studies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.06.588886. [PMID: 38766167 PMCID: PMC11100803 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.588886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
To distinguish DNA methylation (DNAm) from cell proportion changes in whole placental tissue research, we developed a robust cell type-specific DNAm reference to estimate cell composition. We collated newly collected and existing cell type DNAm profiles quantified via Illumina EPIC or 450k microarrays. To estimate cell composition, we deconvoluted whole placental samples (n=36) with robust partial correlation based on the top 50 hyper- and hypomethylated sites per cell type. To test deconvolution performance, we evaluated RMSE in predicting principal component one of DNAm variation in 204 external placental samples. We analyzed DNAm profiles (n=368,435 sites) from 12 cell types: cytotrophoblasts (n=18), endothelial cells (n=19), Hofbauer cells (n=26), stromal cells (n=21), syncytiotrophoblasts (n=4), six lymphocyte types (n=36), and nucleated red blood cells (n=11). Median cell composition was consistent with placental biology: 60.4% syncytiotrophoblast, 17.1% stromal, 8.8% endothelial, 4.5% cytotrophoblast, 3.9% Hofbauer, 1.7% nucleated red blood cells, and 1.2% neutrophils. Our expanded reference outperformed an existing reference in predicting DNAm variation (15.4% variance explained, IQR=21.61) with cell composition estimates (RMSE:10.51 vs. 11.43, p-value<0.001). This cell type reference can robustly estimate cell composition from whole placental DNAm data to detect important cell types, reveal biological mechanisms, and improve casual inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Campbell
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Justin A. Colacino
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John Dou
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana C. Dolinoy
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Rita Loch-Caruso
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kelly M. Bakulski
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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12
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Monaci S, Coppola F, Filippi I, Falsini A, Carraro F, Naldini A. Targeting hypoxia signaling pathways in angiogenesis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1408750. [PMID: 38725568 PMCID: PMC11079266 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1408750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) supply is constantly maintained by the vascular network for a proper tissue oxygenation. Hypoxia is the result of an increased O2 demand and/or decreased supply and is common in both physiological conditions and human diseases. Angiogenesis is one of the adaptive responses to hypoxia and is mainly regulated by the hypoxia-inducible factors, HIFs. These heterodimeric transcription factors are composed of one of three O2-dependent α subunits (HIF-1, HIF-2, and HIF-3) and a constitutively expressed O2-insensitive subunit (HIF-1β). Among them HIF-1α is the most characterized and its activity is tightly controlled. Under hypoxia, its intracellular accumulation triggers the transcription of several genes, involved in cell survival/proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, cell metabolism, and angiogenesis. HIF pathway is also modulated by specific microRNAs (miRNAs), thus resulting in the variation of several cellular responses, including alteration of the angiogenic process. The pro-angiogenic activity of HIF-1α is not restricted to endothelial cells, as it also affects the behavior of other cell types, including tumor and inflammatory/immune cells. In this context, exosomes play a crucial role in cell-cell communication by transferring bio-active cargos such as mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins (e.g., VEGFA mRNA, miR210, HIF-1α). This minireview will provide a synopsis of the multiple factors able to modulate hypoxia-induced angiogenesis especially in the tumor microenvironment context. Targeting hypoxia signaling pathways by up-to-date approaches may be relevant in the design of therapeutic strategies in those pathologies where angiogenesis is dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monaci
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Coppola
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Irene Filippi
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Falsini
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Carraro
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Naldini
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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13
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Hou F, Bian X, Jing D, Gao H, Zhu F. Hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors and inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2024; 12:goae030. [PMID: 38638288 PMCID: PMC11023819 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Adequate oxygen supply is essential for maintaining the body's normal physiological function. In chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), insufficient oxygen reaching the intestine triggers the regulatory system in response to environmental changes. However, the pathogenesis of IBD is still under investigation. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of hypoxia in IBD, particularly the involvement of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) and their regulatory mechanisms, making them promising therapeutic targets for IBD. This review will delve into the role of hypoxia, HIF, and the associated hypoxia-inflammatory microenvironment in the context of IBD. Potential interventions for addressing these challenging gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases will also be discussed within this framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hou
- Department of Critical Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xixi Bian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, P. R. China
- Clinical Medical College of Jining Medical University, Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dehuai Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Huikuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Fengqin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, P. R. China
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14
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Shukla A, Bhardwaj U, Apoorva, Seth P, Singh SK. Hypoxia-Induced miR-101 Impairs Endothelial Barrier Integrity Through Altering VE-Cadherin and Claudin-5. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1807-1817. [PMID: 37776496 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a life-threatening medical condition across the world that adversely affects the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The brain microvascular endothelial cells are the important constituent of the BBB. These cells line the blood vessels and form a semipermeable barrier. Disruptions in adherens junction and tight junction proteins of brain microvascular endothelial cells compromise the integrity of BBB. The Vascular Endothelial (VE)-cadherin is an integral adherens junction protein required for the establishment and maintenance of the endothelial barrier integrity. This study aims to investigate the role of miRNA in hypoxia-induced endothelial barrier disruption. In this study, brain endothelial cells were exposed to hypoxic conditions for different time points. Western blotting, overexpression and knockdown of miRNA, real-time PCR, TEER, and sodium fluorescein assay were used to examine the effect of hypoxic conditions on brain endothelial cells. Hypoxic exposure was validated using HIF-1α protein. Exposure to hypoxic conditions resulted to a significant decrease in endothelial barrier resistance and an increase in sodium fluorescein migration across the endothelial barrier. Reduction in endothelial barrier resistance demonstrated compromised barrier integrity, whereas the increase in migration of sodium fluorescein across the barrier indicated the increase in barrier permeability. The present study revealed microRNA-101 decreases the expression of VE-cadherin and claudin-5 in brain endothelial cells exposed to the hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Shukla
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Utkarsh Bhardwaj
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Apoorva
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Pankaj Seth
- Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, 122052, Haryana, India
| | - Sunit K Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India.
- Dr. B R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India.
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15
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Oliveira RHDM, Annex BH, Popel AS. Endothelial cells signaling and patterning under hypoxia: a mechanistic integrative computational model including the Notch-Dll4 pathway. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1351753. [PMID: 38455844 PMCID: PMC10917925 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1351753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several signaling pathways are activated during hypoxia to promote angiogenesis, leading to endothelial cell patterning, interaction, and downstream signaling. Understanding the mechanistic signaling differences between endothelial cells under normoxia and hypoxia and their response to different stimuli can guide therapies to modulate angiogenesis. We present a novel mechanistic model of interacting endothelial cells, including the main pathways involved in angiogenesis. Methods: We calibrate and fit the model parameters based on well-established modeling techniques that include structural and practical parameter identifiability, uncertainty quantification, and global sensitivity. Results: Our results indicate that the main pathways involved in patterning tip and stalk endothelial cells under hypoxia differ, and the time under hypoxia interferes with how different stimuli affect patterning. Additionally, our simulations indicate that Notch signaling might regulate vascular permeability and establish different Nitric Oxide release patterns for tip/stalk cells. Following simulations with various stimuli, our model suggests that factors such as time under hypoxia and oxygen availability must be considered for EC pattern control. Discussion: This project provides insights into the signaling and patterning of endothelial cells under various oxygen levels and stimulation by VEGFA and is our first integrative approach toward achieving EC control as a method for improving angiogenesis. Overall, our model provides a computational framework that can be built on to test angiogenesis-related therapies by modulation of different pathways, such as the Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian H. Annex
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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16
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Lawrence ES, Gu W, Bohlender RJ, Anza-Ramirez C, Cole AM, Yu JJ, Hu H, Heinrich EC, O’Brien KA, Vasquez CA, Cowan QT, Bruck PT, Mercader K, Alotaibi M, Long T, Hall JE, Moya EA, Bauk MA, Reeves JJ, Kong MC, Salem RM, Vizcardo-Galindo G, Macarlupu JL, Figueroa-Mujíca R, Bermudez D, Corante N, Gaio E, Fox KP, Salomaa V, Havulinna AS, Murray AJ, Malhotra A, Powel FL, Jain M, Komor AC, Cavalleri GL, Huff CD, Villafuerte FC, Simonson TS. Functional EPAS1/ HIF2A missense variant is associated with hematocrit in Andean highlanders. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj5661. [PMID: 38335297 PMCID: PMC10857371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj5661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor pathway genes are linked to adaptation in both human and nonhuman highland species. EPAS1, a notable target of hypoxia adaptation, is associated with relatively lower hemoglobin concentration in Tibetans. We provide evidence for an association between an adaptive EPAS1 variant (rs570553380) and the same phenotype of relatively low hematocrit in Andean highlanders. This Andean-specific missense variant is present at a modest frequency in Andeans and absent in other human populations and vertebrate species except the coelacanth. CRISPR-base-edited human cells with this variant exhibit shifts in hypoxia-regulated gene expression, while metabolomic analyses reveal both genotype and phenotype associations and validation in a lowland population. Although this genocopy of relatively lower hematocrit in Andean highlanders parallels well-replicated findings in Tibetans, it likely involves distinct pathway responses based on a protein-coding versus noncoding variants, respectively. These findings illuminate how unique variants at EPAS1 contribute to the same phenotype in Tibetans and a subset of Andean highlanders despite distinct evolutionary trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah S. Lawrence
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wanjun Gu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ryan J. Bohlender
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cecilia Anza-Ramirez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Amy M. Cole
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James J. Yu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erica C. Heinrich
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Katie A. O’Brien
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Carlos A. Vasquez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Quinn T. Cowan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Patrick T. Bruck
- Department of Anthropology and Global Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kysha Mercader
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mona Alotaibi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tao Long
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sapient Bioanalytics, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - James E. Hall
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Esteban A. Moya
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marco A. Bauk
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Reeves
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mitchell C. Kong
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rany M. Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gustavo Vizcardo-Galindo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Jose-Luis Macarlupu
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Rómulo Figueroa-Mujíca
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Daniela Bermudez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Noemi Corante
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Eduardo Gaio
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Respiratória, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Keolu P. Fox
- Department of Anthropology and Global Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM-HiLIFE), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrew J. Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Frank L. Powel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sapient Bioanalytics, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexis C. Komor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gianpiero L. Cavalleri
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chad D. Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francisco C. Villafuerte
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada/Fisiología de del Transporte de Oxígeno-LID, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Tatum S. Simonson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine, and Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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17
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He J, Jia Z, Zhang A, Bai M. Long-term treatment of chronic kidney disease patients with anemia using hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors: potential concerns. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:37-48. [PMID: 37284874 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) have been approved in several countries as a supplement or even an alternative to the clinical treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Activation of HIF by HIF-PHIs effectively increases hemoglobin (Hb) level in CKD patients by inducing multiple HIF downstream signaling pathways. This indicates that HIF-PHIs have effects beyond erythropoietin, while their potential benefits and risks should be necessarily assessed. Multiple clinical trials have largely demonstrated the efficacy and safety of HIF-PHIs in the short-term treatment of anemia. However, in terms of long-term administration, especially over 1 year, the benefits and risks of HIF-PHIs still need to be assessed. Particular attention should be paid to the risk of kidney disease progression, cardiovascular events, retinal diseases, and tumor risk. This review aims to summarize the current potential risks and benefits of HIF-PHIs in CKD patients with anemia and further discuss the mechanism of action and pharmacological properties of HIF-PHIs, in order to provide direction and theoretical support for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Mi Bai
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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18
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Niu G, Zhao Y, Song H, Song Q, Yin X, Zhu Z, Xu J. Marein Ameliorates Myocardial Fibrosis by Inhibiting HIF-1α and TGF-β1/Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway in Isoproterenol-stimulated Mice and TGF-β1-stimulated Cardiac Fibroblasts. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:71-80. [PMID: 38151839 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128282062231218075341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial fibrosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of heart failure. OBJECTIVE We probe into the impact of marein, a key bioactive compound in functional food Coreopsis tinctoria, on isoproterenol-stimulated myocardial fibrotic mice and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). METHODS Isoproterenol was administered to the experimental mice via subcutaneous injection, and simultaneous administration of marein (25-100 mg/kg) was performed via oral gavage. CFs were stimulated with TGF- β1 to trigger differentiation and collagen synthesis, followed by treatment with marein at concentrations of 5-20 μM. RESULTS Treatment with marein in mice and CFs resulted in a significant reduction in the protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen type I, and collagen type III. Additionally, marein treatment decreased the protein expression levels of TGF-β1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), p-Smad2/3, and Smad2/3. Notably, molecular docking analysis revealed that marein directly targets HIF-1α. CONCLUSION Marein might exert a protective function in isoproterenol-stimulated myocardial fibrotic mice and TGF-β1-stimulated CFs, which might result from the reduction of TGF-β1 induced HIF-1α expression, then inhibiting p-Smad2/3 and Smad2/3 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghao Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Quan Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengyan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junchi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
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19
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Chaube B, Citrin KM, Sahraei M, Singh AK, de Urturi DS, Ding W, Pierce RW, Raaisa R, Cardone R, Kibbey R, Fernández-Hernando C, Suárez Y. Suppression of angiopoietin-like 4 reprograms endothelial cell metabolism and inhibits angiogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8251. [PMID: 38086791 PMCID: PMC10716292 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is known to regulate various cellular and systemic functions. However, its cell-specific role in endothelial cells (ECs) function and metabolic homeostasis remains to be elucidated. Here, using endothelial-specific Angptl4 knock-out mice (Angptl4iΔEC), and transcriptomics and metabolic flux analysis, we demonstrate that ANGPTL4 is required for maintaining EC metabolic function vital for vascular permeability and angiogenesis. Knockdown of ANGPTL4 in ECs promotes lipase-mediated lipoprotein lipolysis, which results in increased fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation. This is also paralleled by a decrease in proper glucose utilization for angiogenic activation of ECs. Mice with endothelial-specific deletion of Angptl4 showed decreased pathological neovascularization with stable vessel structures characterized by increased pericyte coverage and reduced permeability. Together, our study denotes the role of endothelial-ANGPTL4 in regulating cellular metabolism and angiogenic functions of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balkrishna Chaube
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kathryn M Citrin
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mahnaz Sahraei
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Abhishek K Singh
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diego Saenz de Urturi
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wen Ding
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard W Pierce
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Raaisa Raaisa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rebecca Cardone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard Kibbey
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Center for Molecular and System Metabolism, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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20
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Rosell-Garcia T, Rivas-Muñoz S, Kin K, Romero-Albillo V, Alcaraz S, Fernandez-Tornero C, Rodriguez-Pascual F. Multimerization of HIF enhances transcription of target genes containing the hypoxia ancillary sequence. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194963. [PMID: 37499936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional activity of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) relies on the formation of a heterodimer composed of an oxygen-regulated α-subunit and a stably expressed β-subunit. Heterodimeric HIF activates expression by binding to RCGTG motifs within promoters of hypoxia-activated genes. Some hypoxia targets also possess an adjacent HIF ancillary sequence (HAS) reported to increase transcription but whose function remains obscure. Here, we investigate the contribution of the HAS element to the hypoxia response and its mechanism of action, using the HAS-containing prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit α1 (P4HA1) as a gene model in NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts and HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells. Our HIF overexpression experiments demonstrate that the HAS motif is essential for full induction by hypoxia and that the presence of the tandem HAS/HIF, as opposed to HIF-only sequences, provides HIF proteins with the capacity to form complexes of stoichiometry beyond the classical heterodimer, likely tetramers, to cooperatively potentiate hypoxia-induced transcription. We also provide evidence of the crucial role played by the Fα helix of the PAS-B domain of the HIF1β subunit to support the interaction between heterodimers. Functional analysis showed that human genes containing the HAS/HIF motifs are better responders to hypoxia, and their promoters are enriched for specific transcription factor binding sites. Gene ontology enrichment revealed a predominance of HAS/HIF in genes primarily related to tissue formation and development. Our findings add an extra level of regulation of the hypoxia/HIF signaling through multimerization of HIF proteins on regulatory elements containing the HAS/HIF motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Rosell-Garcia
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Rivas-Muñoz
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), Madrid, Spain
| | - Koryu Kin
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Romero-Albillo
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Alcaraz
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Rodriguez-Pascual
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.)-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (U.A.M.), Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Zhang Y, Shi C, Yang Y, Hu X, Ni H, Li L, Cheng Z, Huang J, Chen P. Identifying key genes related to the peritubular capillary rarefaction in renal interstitial fibrosis by bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19611. [PMID: 37949939 PMCID: PMC10638415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a key feature of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by tubular epithelial cell (TEC) hypoxia and peritubular capillary (PTC) rarefaction. However, the mechanisms underlying these processes remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis of hypoxic and normoxic HK-2 cells, identifying 572 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequent Gene Ontology (GO), protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network, and hub gene analyses revealed significant enrichment of DEGs in the HIF-1 signaling pathway based on KEGG enrichment analysis. To further explore TEC modulation under hypoxic conditions, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing targeting HIF-1α, identifying 2915 genes potentially regulated by HIF-1α. By comparing RNA sequencing and ChIP sequencing data, we identified 43 overlapping DEGs. By performing GO analysis and peak annotation with IGV, we identified two candidate molecules, VEGFA and BTG1, that are associated with angiogenesis and whose gene sequences were reliably bound by HIF-1α. Our study elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying RIF, providing valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanbing Shi
- Department of Pathology, Pukou Branch of Jiangsu People's Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqiong Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiuxiu Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haifeng Ni
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyuan Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ma'anshan People's Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Southeast University, Ma'anshan, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingsheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Gebert M, Bartoszewska S, Opalinski L, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. IRE1-mediated degradation of pre-miR-301a promotes apoptosis through upregulation of GADD45A. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:322. [PMID: 37946177 PMCID: PMC10634081 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01349-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response is a survival signaling pathway that is induced during various types of ER stress. Here, we determine IRE1's role in miRNA regulation during ER stress. During induction of ER stress in human bronchial epithelial cells, we utilized next generation sequencing to demonstrate that pre-miR-301a and pre-miR-106b were significantly increased in the presence of an IRE1 inhibitor. Conversely, using nuclear-cytosolic fractionation on ER stressed cells, we found that these pre-miRNAs were decreased in the nuclear fractions without the IRE1 inhibitor. We also found that miR-301a-3p targets the proapoptotic UPR factor growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible alpha (GADD45A). Inhibiting miR-301a-3p levels or blocking its predicted miRNA binding site in GADD45A's 3' UTR with a target protector increased GADD45A mRNA expression. Furthermore, an elevation of XBP1s expression had no effect on GADD45A mRNA expression. We also demonstrate that the introduction of a target protector for the miR-301a-3p binding site in GADD45A mRNA during ER stress promoted cell death in the airway epithelial cells. In summary, these results indicate that IRE1's endonuclease activity is a two-edged sword that can splice XBP1 mRNA to stabilize survival or degrade pre-miR-301a to elevate GADD45A mRNA expression to lead to apoptosis. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gebert
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lukasz Opalinski
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot- Curie 14a Street, Wrocław, 50-383, Poland.
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23
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Bruschi M, Biancucci F, Masini S, Piacente F, Ligi D, Bartoccini F, Antonelli A, Mannello F, Bruzzone S, Menotta M, Fraternale A, Magnani M. The influence of redox modulation on hypoxic endothelial cell metabolic and proteomic profiles through a small thiol-based compound tuning glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Biofactors 2023; 49:1205-1222. [PMID: 37409789 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Reduction in oxygen levels is a key feature in the physiology of the bone marrow (BM) niche where hematopoiesis occurs. The BM niche is a highly vascularized tissue and endothelial cells (ECs) support and regulate blood cell formation from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). While in vivo studies are limited, ECs when cultured in vitro at low O2 (<5%), fail to support functional HSC maintenance due to oxidative environment. Therefore, changes in EC redox status induced by antioxidant molecules may lead to alterations in the cellular response to hypoxia likely favoring HSC self-renewal. To evaluate the impact of redox regulation, HUVEC, exposed for 1, 6, and 24 h to 3% O2 were treated with N-(N-acetyl-l-cysteinyl)-S-acetylcysteamine (I-152). Metabolomic analyses revealed that I-152 increased glutathione levels and influenced the metabolic profiles interconnected with the glutathione system and the redox couples NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H. mRNA analysis showed a lowered gene expression of HIF-1α and VEGF following I-152 treatment whereas TRX1 and 2 were stimulated. Accordingly, the proteomic study revealed the redox-dependent upregulation of thioredoxin and peroxiredoxins that, together with the glutathione system, are the main regulators of intracellular ROS. Indeed, a time-dependent ROS production under hypoxia and a quenching effect of the molecule were evidenced. At the secretome level, the molecule downregulated IL-6, MCP-1, and PDGF-bb. These results suggest that redox modulation by I-152 reduces oxidative stress and ROS level in hypoxic ECs and may be a strategy to fine-tune the environment of an in vitro BM niche able to support functional HSC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bruschi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Federica Biancucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Sofia Masini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, Genoa, GE, Italy
| | - Daniela Ligi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Francesca Bartoccini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Mannello
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, and CEBR, University of Genoa, Genoa, GE, Italy
- IRCCS, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, GE, Italy
| | - Michele Menotta
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, PU, Italy
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24
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Joo HY, Jung JK, Kim MY, Woo SR, Jeong JM, Park ER, Kim YM, Park JJ, Kim J, Yun M, Shin HJ, Lee KH. NADH elevation during chronic hypoxia leads to VHL-mediated HIF-1α degradation via SIRT1 inhibition. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:182. [PMID: 37777750 PMCID: PMC10543270 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under conditions of hypoxia, cancer cells with hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) from heterogeneous tumor cells show greater aggression and progression in an effort to compensate for harsh environmental conditions. Extensive study on the stability of HIF-1α under conditions of acute hypoxia in cancer progression has been conducted, however, understanding of its involvement during the chronic phase is limited. METHODS In this study, we investigated the effect of SIRT1 on HIF1 stability in a typical chronic hypoxic conditon that maintains cells for 24 h under hypoxia using Western blotting, co-IP, measurement of intracellular NAD + and NADH levels, semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis, invasion assay, gene knockdown. RESULTS Here we demonstrated that the high concentration of pyruvate in the medium, which can be easily overlooked, has an effect on the stability of HIF-1α. We also demonstrated that NADH functions as a signal for conveyance of HIF-1α degradation via the SIRT1 and VHL signaling pathway under conditions of chronic hypoxia, which in turn leads to attenuation of hypoxically strengthened invasion and angiogenic activities. A steep increase in the level of NADH occurs during chronic hypoxia, leading to upregulation of acetylation and degradation of HIF-1α via inactivation of SIRT1. Of particular interest, p300-mediated acetylation at lysine 709 of HIF-1α is recogonized by VHL, which leads to degradation of HIF-1α via ubiquitin/proteasome machinary under conditions of chronic hypoxia. In addition, we demonstrated that NADH-elevation-induced acetylation and subsequent degradation of HIF-1α was independent of proline hydroxylation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a critical role of SIRT1 as a metabolic sensor in coordination of hypoxic status via regulation of HIF-1α stability. These results also demonstrate the involvement of VHL in degradation of HIF-1α through recognition of PHD-mediated hydroxylation in normoxia and p300-mediated HIF-1α acetylation in hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Yoo Joo
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Lab. of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyu Jung
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, The Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seon Rang Woo
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Hyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Ran Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong-Jean Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- Lab. of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Miyong Yun
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Jin Shin
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Kee-Ho Lee
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
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25
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Bakand A, Moghaddam SV, Naseroleslami M, André H, Mousavi-Niri N, Alizadeh E. Efficient targeting of HIF-1α mediated by YC-1 and PX-12 encapsulated niosomes: potential application in colon cancer therapy. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:58. [PMID: 37749603 PMCID: PMC10521571 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of molecular biofactors have been documented in pathogenesis and poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Among them, the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF-1a) is frequently reported to become over-expressed, and its targeting could restrict and control a variety of essential hallmarks of CRC. Niosomes are innovative drug delivery vehicles with the encapsulating capacity for co-loading both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs at the same time. Also, they can enhance the local accumulation while minimizing the dose and side effects of drugs. YC-1 and PX-12 are two inhibitors of HIF-1a. The purpose of this work was to synthesize dual-loaded YC-1 and PX-12 niosomes to efficiently target HIF-1α in CRC, HT-29 cells. The niosomes were prepared by the thin-film hydration method, then the niosomal formulation of YC-1 and PX-12 (NIO/PX-YC) was developed and optimized by the central composition method (CCD) using the Box-Behnken design in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), entrapment efficiency (EE). Also, they are characterized by DLS, FESEM, and TEM microscopy, as well as FTIR spectroscopy. Additionally, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release kinetics, and stability were assessed. Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell cycle studies were performed after the treatment of HT-29 cells with NIO/PX-YC. The expression of HIF-1αat both mRNA and protein levels were studied after NIO/PX-YC treatment. The prepared NIO/PX-YC showed a mean particle size of 185 nm with a zeta potential of about-7.10 mv and a spherical morphology. Also, PX-12 and YC-1 represented the entrapment efficiency of about %78 and %91, respectively, with a sustainable and controllable release. The greater effect of NIO/PX-YC than the free state of PX-YC on the cell survival rate, cell apoptosis, and HIF-1α gene/protein expression were detected (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dual loading of niosomes with YC-1 and PX-12 enhanced the effect of drugs on HIF-1α inhibition, thus boosting their anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Bakand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevil Vaghefi Moghaddam
- Clinical Research Development, Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Naseroleslami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helder André
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institute, 11282, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neda Mousavi-Niri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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26
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Aziz F, Shoaib N, Rehman A. Hub genes identification and association of key pathways with hypoxia in cancer cells: A bioinformatics analysis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103752. [PMID: 37593462 PMCID: PMC10428120 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Three human cancer cell lines (A549, HCT116, and HeLa) were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms and potential prognostic biomarkers associated with hypoxia. We obtained gene expression data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE11704, GSE147384, and GSE38061, which included 5 hypoxic and 8 control samples. Using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software, we identified common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs). The cDEGs were then subjected to Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis by employing DAVID. The hub genes were identified from critical PPI subnetworks through CytoHuba plugin and these genes' prognostic significance and expression were verified using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), respectively. The research showed 676 common DEGs (cDEGs), with 207 upregulated and 469 downregulated genes. The STRING analysis showed 673 nodes and 1446 edges in the PPI network. We identified 4 significant modules and 19 downregulated hub genes. GO analysis revealed all of them were majorly involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly and biogenesis, rRNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, translation, RNA & protein binding frequently at the sites of nucleolus and nucleoplasm while 11 were significantly associated with a better prognosis of hypoxic tumors. Our research sheds light on the molecular mechanisms that underpin hypoxia in human cancer cell lines and identifies potential prognostic biomarkers for hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Aziz
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naila Shoaib
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, 54590 Lahore, Pakistan
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27
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Agamia NF, Sorror OA, Sayed NM, Ghazala RA, Echy SM, Moussa DH, Melnik BC. Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in hidradenitis suppurativa: the link between deviated immunity and metabolism. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:2107-2118. [PMID: 36961533 PMCID: PMC10366312 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is the master transcription factor of glycolysis, Th17 cell differentiation and suppression of regulatory T cells. In the skin and serum of patients with psoriasis vulgaris, increased expression of HIF-1α has been reported, whereas HIF-1α expression in the skin and serum of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has not yet been studied. The objective of the study is to demonstrate is there a role for HIF-1α in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa, and its relation to HS severity. Twenty patients suffering from hidradenitis suppurativa were included in the study. Punch biopsies were taken from lesional skin for the determination of HIF-1α expression by immunohistochemical staining, and HIF-1α gene expression by quantitative reverse transcription real time PCR. Quantification of HIF-1α protein concentration was done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Twenty socio-demographically cross-matched healthy volunteers served as controls. We found increased serum levels of HIF-1α. Literature-derived evidence indicates that the major clinical triggering factors of HS, obesity, and smoking are associated with hypoxia and enhanced HIF-1α expression. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] via upregulation of nuclear factor [Formula: see text]B enhance HIF-1α expression. HIF-1α plays an important role for keratinocyte proliferation, especially for keratinocytes of the anagen hair follicle, which requires abundant glycolysis providing sufficient precursors molecules for biosynthetic pathways. Metformin via inhibition of mTORC1 as well as adalimumab attenuate HIF-1α expression, the key mediator between Th17-driven deviated immunity and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. In accordance with psoriasis, our study identifies HS as an HIF-1α-driven inflammatory skin disease and offers a new rationale for the prevention and treatment of HS by targeting HIF-1[Formula: see text] overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa Fathi Agamia
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Osama Ahmed Sorror
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Mohamed Sayed
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha Abdelmawla Ghazala
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sammar Mohamed Echy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa Helmy Moussa
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Bodo Clemens Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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28
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Fan Z, Ardicoglu R, Batavia AA, Rust R, von Ziegler L, Waag R, Zhang J, Desgeorges T, Sturman O, Dang H, Weber R, Roszkowski M, Moor AE, Schwab ME, Germain PL, Bohacek J, De Bock K. The vascular gene Apold1 is dispensable for normal development but controls angiogenesis under pathological conditions. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:385-407. [PMID: 36933174 PMCID: PMC10328887 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis have been intensely studied, but many genes that control endothelial behavior and fate still need to be described. Here, we characterize the role of Apold1 (Apolipoprotein L domain containing 1) in angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Single-cell analyses reveal that - across tissues - the expression of Apold1 is restricted to the vasculature and that Apold1 expression in endothelial cells (ECs) is highly sensitive to environmental factors. Using Apold1-/- mice, we find that Apold1 is dispensable for development and does not affect postnatal retinal angiogenesis nor alters the vascular network in adult brain and muscle. However, when exposed to ischemic conditions following photothrombotic stroke as well as femoral artery ligation, Apold1-/- mice display dramatic impairments in recovery and revascularization. We also find that human tumor endothelial cells express strikingly higher levels of Apold1 and that Apold1 deletion in mice stunts the growth of subcutaneous B16 melanoma tumors, which have smaller and poorly perfused vessels. Mechanistically, Apold1 is activated in ECs upon growth factor stimulation as well as in hypoxia, and Apold1 intrinsically controls EC proliferation but not migration. Our data demonstrate that Apold1 is a key regulator of angiogenesis in pathological settings, whereas it does not affect developmental angiogenesis, thus making it a promising candidate for clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fan
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphaela Ardicoglu
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aashil A Batavia
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University and University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Rust
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas von Ziegler
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Waag
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thibaut Desgeorges
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Sturman
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hairuo Dang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Weber
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Roszkowski
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas E Moor
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin E Schwab
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Luc Germain
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Computational Neurogenomics, Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department for Molecular Life Sciences, Laboratory of Statistical Bioinformatics, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Bohacek
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, ETH Zürich, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Exercise and Health, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Saigusa H, Mimura I, Kurata Y, Tanaka T, Nangaku M. Hypoxia-inducible lncRNA MIR210HG promotes HIF1α expression by inhibiting miR-93-5p in renal tubular cells. FEBS J 2023; 290:4040-4056. [PMID: 37029581 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia in the renal tubular interstitium has been reported to contribute to the progression of chronic kidney disease. Recently, long-noncoding RNAs have been shown to be involved in various pathological conditions, including hypoxia, one of which is the MIR210 host gene (MIR210HG). To elucidate the function of MIR210HG in renal hypoxia, we exposed primary cultured renal proximal tubular epithelial cells to hypoxia and examined the temporal profile of MIR210HG expression and the role of MIR210HG interaction with hypoxia-inducible factor1α (HIF1α, encoded by HIF1A). MIR210HG expression was induced by hypoxia. HIF1A silencing and cobalt chloride exposure showed that MIR210HG expression in hypoxia is HIF1α-dependent. MIR210HG silencing significantly reduced both the mRNA and protein levels of HIF1α, pointing to positive feedback regulation. To further investigate the details of this regulation, we turned to the in-silico miRNA targets of MIR210HG. We found that miR-93-5p levels increased when MIR210HG was knocked down. We then showed that miR-93-5p reduced the expression of HIF1A mRNA and MIR210HG. Furthermore, a dual luciferase assay confirmed that miR-93-5p binds to MIR210HG and HIF1A 3' UTR, inhibiting their expression. In conclusion, the long-noncoding RNA MIR210HG is induced shortly after hypoxia, and it promotes HIF1α expression by competing for miR-93-5p and inhibiting it. MIR210HG plays a crucial role in the biological response to hypoxia in renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Saigusa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Imari Mimura
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yu Kurata
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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Patrician A, Willie C, Hoiland RL, Gasho C, Subedi P, Anholm JD, Tymko MM, Ainslie PN. Manipulation of iron status on cerebral blood flow at high altitude in lowlanders and adapted highlanders. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1166-1179. [PMID: 36883428 PMCID: PMC10291452 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231152734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases during hypoxia to counteract the reduction in arterial oxygen content. The onset of tissue hypoxemia coincides with the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and transcription of downstream HIF-mediated processes. It has yet to be determined, whether HIF down- or upregulation can modulate hypoxic vasodilation of the cerebral vasculature. Therefore, we examined whether: 1) CBF would increase with iron depletion (via chelation) and decrease with repletion (via iron infusion) at high-altitude, and 2) explore whether genotypic advantages of highlanders extend to HIF-mediated regulation of CBF. In a double-blinded and block-randomized design, CBF was assessed in 82 healthy participants (38 lowlanders, 20 Sherpas and 24 Andeans), before and after the infusion of either: iron(III)-hydroxide sucrose, desferrioxamine or saline. Across both lowlanders and highlanders, baseline iron levels contributed to the variability in cerebral hypoxic reactivity at high altitude (R2 = 0.174, P < 0.001). At 5,050 m, CBF in lowlanders and Sherpa were unaltered by desferrioxamine or iron. At 4,300 m, iron infusion led to 4 ± 10% reduction in CBF (main effect of time p = 0.043) in lowlanders and Andeans. Iron status may provide a novel, albeit subtle, influence on CBF that is potentially dependent on the severity and length-of-stay at high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Patrician
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia – Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher Willie
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia – Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan L Hoiland
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia – Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher Gasho
- Pulmonary/Critical Care Section, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Prajan Subedi
- Pulmonary/Critical Care Section, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - James D Anholm
- Pulmonary/Critical Care Section, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System and Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Michael M Tymko
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia – Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung, & Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia – Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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DeMichele E, Sosnowski O, Buret AG, Allain T. Regulatory Functions of Hypoxia in Host-Parasite Interactions: A Focus on Enteric, Tissue, and Blood Protozoa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1598. [PMID: 37375100 PMCID: PMC10303274 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Body tissues are subjected to various oxygenic gradients and fluctuations and hence can become transiently hypoxic. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the master transcriptional regulator of the cellular hypoxic response and is capable of modulating cellular metabolism, immune responses, epithelial barrier integrity, and local microbiota. Recent reports have characterized the hypoxic response to various infections. However, little is known about the role of HIF activation in the context of protozoan parasitic infections. Growing evidence suggests that tissue and blood protozoa can activate HIF and subsequent HIF target genes in the host, helping or hindering their pathogenicity. In the gut, enteric protozoa are adapted to steep longitudinal and radial oxygen gradients to complete their life cycle, yet the role of HIF during these protozoan infections remains unclear. This review focuses on the hypoxic response to protozoa and its role in the pathophysiology of parasitic infections. We also discuss how hypoxia modulates host immune responses in the context of protozoan infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily DeMichele
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Olivia Sosnowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Andre G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Thibault Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (E.D.); (O.S.); (A.G.B.)
- Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Host-Parasite Interactions, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Lin X, Su H, Huo J, Zhang F. The association of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and hypoxia-inducible factor-2α protein expression with clinicopathological characteristics in papillary thyroid carcinoma: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34045. [PMID: 37327294 PMCID: PMC10270558 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) protein expression with clinicopathologic characteristics in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) through a meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched from the establishment of the database to February 2023. The New castle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Rev Man 5.3 and Stata14.0 were used to conduct a meta-analysis of the included studies. RESULTS Twenty-eight articles with 2346 samples were included in the Meta-analysis. Compared with normal thyroid tissues, HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins were highly expressed in PTC tumor tissues. High expression of HIF-1α protein was associated with tumor size (odds ratio [OR] = 4.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.88-7.04, P < .00001), lymph node metastasis (OR = 4.76, 95% CI: 3.78-5.99, P < .00001), TNM stage (OR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.68-5.03, P < .00001), capsular invasion (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.43-3.71, P = .0006 < .05), and extrathyroidal extension (OR = 10.96, 95% CI: 4.80-25.02, P < .00001). High expression of HIF-2α protein was associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 4.18, 95% CI: 2.63-6.65, P < .00001), TNM stage (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.36-4.82, P = .004 < .05), and capsular invasion (OR = 3.84, 95% CI: 1.66-8.88, P = .002 < .05). In addition, we concluded for the first time that there was a statistically significant difference in the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in PTC patients (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.26-4.42, P = .007 < .05). CONCLUSIONS The high expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α proteins is closely related to some clinicopathological parameters of PTC, and can provide potential biological indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunyi Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei North University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hang Su
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaxing Huo
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medicine University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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Molano-Franco D, Viruez-Soto A, Gomez M, Beltran E, Villabon M, Sosa A, Ortiz L, Orozco E, Hurtado A, Sanchez L, Arias-Reyes C, Soliz J, Masclans JR. Impact of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Use in Subjects With COVID-19 ARDS at High Altitudes: Clinical Presentation and Prognostic Factors. Respir Care 2023; 69:respcare.10839. [PMID: 37311630 PMCID: PMC10753611 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) reduces the need for intubation in adult subject with acute respiratory failure. Changes in hypobaric hypoxemia have not been studied for subject with an HFNC in ICUs at altitudes > 2,600 m above sea level. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of HFNC treatment in subjects with COVID-19 at high altitudes. We hypothesized that progressive hypoxemia and the increase in breathing frequency associated with COVID-19 in high altitudes affect the success of HFNC therapy and may also influence the performance of the traditionally used predictors of success and failure. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of subjects >18 y with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19-induced ARDS requiring HFNC who were admitted to the ICU. Subjects were followed up during the 28 d of HFNC treatment or until failure. RESULTS One hundred and eight subjects were enrolled. At admission to the ICU, FIO2 delivery between 0.5-0.8 (odds ratio 0.38 [95% CI 0.17-0.84]) was associated with a better response to HFNC therapy than oxygen delivery on admission between 0.8-1.0 (odds ratio 3.58 [95% CI 1.56-8.22]). This relationship continued during follow-ups at 2, 6, 12, and 24 h, with a progressive increase in the risk of failure (odds ratio 24 h 13.99 [95% CI 4.32-45.26]). A new cutoff for the ratio of oxygen saturation (ROX) index (ROX ≥ 4.88) after 24 h of HFNC administration was demonstrated to be the best predictor of success (odds ratio 11.0 [95% CI 3.3-47.0]). CONCLUSIONS High-altitude subjects treated with HFNC for COVID-19 showed a high risk of respiratory failure and progressive hypoxemia when FIO2 requirements were > 0.8 after 24 h of treatment. In these subjects, personalized management should include continuous monitoring of individual clinical conditions (such as oxygenation indices, with cutoffs adapted to those corresponding to high-altitude cities).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Molano-Franco
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Antonio Viruez-Soto
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital del Norte and Hospital Agramont of El Alto City, Research Center GIMIA, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Mario Gomez
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Edgar Beltran
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mario Villabon
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Angela Sosa
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leidy Ortiz
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Estefania Orozco
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Hurtado
- Intensive Care Unit Hospital de San José, Foundation University of Health Sciences, CIMCA Research Centre, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lida Sanchez
- Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Arias-Reyes
- Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada; and Brain Research Center, High-Altitude Research Foundation, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, Québec, Canada; and Brain Research Center, High-Altitude Research Foundation, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Joan R Masclans
- Critical Care Department, Hospital del Mar de Barcelona, Spain; and Grupo de Investigación en Patología Crítica, IMIM, Departamento de Medicina y Ciéncias de la Vida (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Arriaza K, Brito J, Siques P, Flores K, Ordenes S, Aguayo D, López MDR, Arribas SM. Effects of Zinc on the Right Cardiovascular Circuit in Long-Term Hypobaric Hypoxia in Wistar Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119567. [PMID: 37298516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia under chromic conditions triggers hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). The role of zinc (Zn) under hypoxia is controversial and remains unclear. We evaluated the effect of Zn supplementation in prolonged hypobaric hypoxia on HIF2α/MTF-1/MT/ZIP12/PKCε pathway in the lung and RVH. Wistar rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for 30 days and randomly allocated into three groups: chronic hypoxia (CH); intermittent hypoxia (2 days hypoxia/2 days normoxia; CIH); and normoxia (sea level control; NX). Each group was subdivided (n = 8) to receive either 1% Zn sulfate solution (z) or saline (s) intraperitoneally. Body weight, hemoglobin, and RVH were measured. Zn levels were evaluated in plasma and lung tissue. Additionally, the lipid peroxidation levels, HIF2α/MTF-1/MT/ZIP12/PKCε protein expression and pulmonary artery remodeling were measured in the lung. The CIH and CH groups showed decreased plasma Zn and body weight and increased hemoglobin, RVH, and vascular remodeling; the CH group also showed increased lipid peroxidation. Zn administration under hypobaric hypoxia upregulated the HIF2α/MTF-1/MT/ZIP12/PKCε pathway and increased RVH in the intermittent zinc group. Under intermittent hypobaric hypoxia, Zn dysregulation could participate in RVH development through alterations in the pulmonary HIF2α/MTF1/MT/ZIP12/PKCε pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karem Arriaza
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Hamburg (Germany) and Iquique (Chile), Avenida Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Julio Brito
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Hamburg (Germany) and Iquique (Chile), Avenida Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Patricia Siques
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Hamburg (Germany) and Iquique (Chile), Avenida Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Karen Flores
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Hamburg (Germany) and Iquique (Chile), Avenida Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Stefany Ordenes
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Hamburg (Germany) and Iquique (Chile), Avenida Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Daniel Aguayo
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Av. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
- Institute DECIPHER, German-Chilean Institute for Research on Pulmonary Hypoxia and Its Health Sequelae, Hamburg (Germany) and Iquique (Chile), Avenida Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - María Del Rosario López
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autónoma of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia M Arribas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autónoma of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Bartoszewska S, Sławski J, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. HIF-1-Induced hsa-miR-429: Understanding Its Direct Targets as the Key to Developing Cancer Diagnostics and Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112903. [PMID: 37296866 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the regulation of mRNA stability and translation. In spite of our present knowledge on the mechanisms of mRNA regulation by miRNAs, the utilization and translation of these ncRNAs into clinical applications have been problematic. Using hsa-miR-429 as an example, we discuss the limitations encountered in the development of efficient miRNA-related therapies and diagnostic approaches. The miR-200 family members, which include hsa-miR-429, have been shown to be dysregulated in different types of cancer. Although these miR-200 family members have been shown to function in suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor metastasis, and chemoresistance, the experimental results have often been contradictory. These complications involve not only the complex networks involving these noncoding RNAs, but also the problem of identifying false positives. To overcome these limitations, a more comprehensive research strategy is needed to increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying their biological role in mRNA regulation. Here, we provide a literature analysis of the verified hsa-miR-429 targets in various human research models. A meta-analysis of this work is presented to provide better insights into the role of hsa-miR-429 in cancer diagnosis and any potential therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Sławski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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Hagopian G, Grant C, Nagasaka M. Proteolysis targeting chimeras in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 117:102561. [PMID: 37178629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has very poor prognosis in advanced stages. Discovery and application of therapies targeting specific oncogenic driver mutations has greatly improved overall survival. However, targeted therapies are limited in their efficacy due to resistance mutations that may arise with long term use. Proteolysis targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are a promising approach to combating resistance mutations. PROTACs commandeer innate ubiquitination machinery to degrade oncogenic proteins. Here we review the PROTACs that have been developed for targeting common EGFR, KRAS, and ALK mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garo Hagopian
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange CA, United States
| | - Christopher Grant
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange CA, United States
| | - Misako Nagasaka
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, United States; St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, JAPAN.
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Mendoza SV, Genetos DC, Yellowley CE. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α Signaling in the Skeletal System. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10733. [PMID: 37065626 PMCID: PMC10097641 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are oxygen-dependent heterodimeric transcription factors that mediate molecular responses to reductions in cellular oxygen (hypoxia). HIF signaling involves stable HIF-β subunits and labile, oxygen-sensitive HIF-α subunits. Under hypoxic conditions, the HIF-α subunit is stabilized, complexes with nucleus-confined HIF-β subunit, and transcriptionally regulates hypoxia-adaptive genes. Transcriptional responses to hypoxia include altered energy metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and cell fate. Three isoforms of HIF-α-HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and HIF-3α-are found in diverse cell types. HIF-1α and HIF-2α serve as transcriptional activators, whereas HIF-3α restricts HIF-1α and HIF-2α. The structure and isoform-specific functions of HIF-1α in mediating molecular responses to hypoxia are well established across a wide range of cell and tissue types. The contributions of HIF-2α to hypoxic adaptation are often unconsidered if not outrightly attributed to HIF-1α. This review establishes what is currently known about the diverse roles of HIF-2α in mediating the hypoxic response in skeletal tissues, with specific focus on development and maintenance of skeletal fitness. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Mendoza
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Damian C Genetos
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Clare E Yellowley
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCAUSA
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Myronenko O, Foris V, Crnkovic S, Olschewski A, Rocha S, Nicolls MR, Olschewski H. Endotyping COPD: hypoxia-inducible factor-2 as a molecular "switch" between the vascular and airway phenotypes? Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:220173. [PMID: 36631133 PMCID: PMC9879331 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0173-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
COPD is a heterogeneous disease with multiple clinical phenotypes. COPD endotypes can be determined by different expressions of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which, in combination with individual susceptibility and environmental factors, may cause predominant airway or vascular changes in the lung. The pulmonary vascular phenotype is relatively rare among COPD patients and characterised by out-of-proportion pulmonary hypertension (PH) and low diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, but only mild-to-moderate airway obstruction. Its histologic feature, severe remodelling of the small pulmonary arteries, can be mediated by HIF-2 overexpression in experimental PH models. HIF-2 is not only involved in the vascular remodelling but also in the parenchyma destruction. Endothelial cells from human emphysema lungs express reduced HIF-2α levels, and the deletion of pulmonary endothelial Hif-2α leads to emphysema in mice. This means that both upregulation and downregulation of HIF-2 have adverse effects and that HIF-2 may represent a molecular "switch" between the development of the vascular and airway phenotypes in COPD. The mechanisms of HIF-2 dysregulation in the lung are only partly understood. HIF-2 levels may be controlled by NAD(P)H oxidases via iron- and redox-dependent mechanisms. A better understanding of these mechanisms may lead to the development of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Myronenko
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vasile Foris
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Slaven Crnkovic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular, and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark R Nicolls
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
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Dienemann S, Schmidt V, Fleischhammer T, Mueller JH, Lavrentieva A. Comparative analysis of hypoxic response of human microvascular and umbilical vein endothelial cells in 2D and 3D cell culture systems. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1111-1120. [PMID: 36947660 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cultivation conditions play a crucial role in cell physiology and the cellular response to external stimuli. Oxygen concentrations represent an essential microenvironmental factor influencing cell physiology and behaviour both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, new approaches are urgently needed to monitor and control oxygen concentrations in 2D and 3D cultures, as well as cell reactions to these concentrations. In this work, we modified two types of human endothelial cells-human microvascular (huMECs) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (huVECs) with genetically encoded hypoxia biosensors and monitored cell reactions in 2D to different oxygen concentrations. Moreover, we fabricated 3D cell spheroids of different cell numbers and sizes to reveal the onset of hypoxia in huVECs and huMECs. We could demonstrate a quantitative sensor response of two cell types to reduced oxygen supply in 2D and reveal different thresholds for hypoxic response. In 3D cell spheroids we could estimate critical construct sizes for the appearance of a hypoxic core. This work for the first time directly demonstrates different hypoxic signatures for huVECs and huMECs in 2D and 3D cell culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dienemann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tabea Fleischhammer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia H Mueller
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Jaśkiewicz M, Moszyńska A, Gebert M, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. EPAS1 resistance to miRNA-based regulation contributes to prolonged expression of HIF-2 during hypoxia in human endothelial cells. Gene 2023; 868:147376. [PMID: 36934786 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The cellular adaptation to hypoxia is regulated by hypoxia inducible factors: HIF-1 and HIF-2. HIF-1 mediates response to acute hypoxia, whereas HIF-2 allows adaptation to chronic oxygen deprivation. The hypoxic transition from HIF-1 to HIF-2 is possible due to the low stability of HIF-1α subunit transcript (HIF1A) and the stable mRNA of HIF-2α (EPAS1). Notably, although many micro-RNAs (miRNAs) that regulate endothelial HIF-1 levels during hypoxia have been identified, in case of HIF-2, no analogous ones have been found so far. In this work, using different methods, we tested 23 microRNA that were predicted to interact with the EPAS1 transcript (18 of which were induced during prolonged hypoxia), and we demonstrated that none of them were functional in vitro. This suggests that HIF-2α transcript is much less prone to miRNA-related destabilization during hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- International Research Agenda 3P- Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | | | - Magdalena Gebert
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Yfantis A, Mylonis I, Chachami G, Nikolaidis M, Amoutzias GD, Paraskeva E, Simos G. Transcriptional Response to Hypoxia: The Role of HIF-1-Associated Co-Regulators. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050798. [PMID: 36899934 PMCID: PMC10001186 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a major role in the cellular response to hypoxia by regulating the expression of many genes involved in adaptive processes that allow cell survival under low oxygen conditions. Adaptation to the hypoxic tumor micro-environment is also critical for cancer cell proliferation and therefore HIF-1 is also considered a valid therapeutical target. Despite the huge progress in understanding regulation of HIF-1 expression and activity by oxygen levels or oncogenic pathways, the way HIF-1 interacts with chromatin and the transcriptional machinery in order to activate its target genes is still a matter of intense investigation. Recent studies have identified several different HIF-1- and chromatin-associated co-regulators that play important roles in the general transcriptional activity of HIF-1, independent of its expression levels, as well as in the selection of binding sites, promoters and target genes, which, however, often depends on cellular context. We review here these co-regulators and examine their effect on the expression of a compilation of well-characterized HIF-1 direct target genes in order to assess the range of their involvement in the transcriptional response to hypoxia. Delineating the mode and the significance of the interaction between HIF-1 and its associated co-regulators may offer new attractive and specific targets for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Yfantis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.Y.); (I.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Ilias Mylonis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.Y.); (I.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Georgia Chachami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.Y.); (I.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Marios Nikolaidis
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.N.); (G.D.A.)
| | - Grigorios D. Amoutzias
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.N.); (G.D.A.)
| | - Efrosyni Paraskeva
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - George Simos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (A.Y.); (I.M.); (G.C.)
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Steinberger KJ, Eubank TD. The Underexplored Landscape of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2 Alpha and Potential Roles in Tumor Macrophages: A Review. OXYGEN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:45-76. [PMID: 37124241 PMCID: PMC10137047 DOI: 10.3390/oxygen3010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Low tissue oxygenation, termed hypoxia, is a characteristic of solid tumors with negative consequences. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) accumulate in hypoxic tumor regions and correlate with worse outcomes in cancer patients across several tumor types. Thus, the molecular mechanism in which macrophages respond to low oxygen tension has been increasingly investigated in the last decade. Hypoxia stabilizes a group of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) reported to drive transcriptional programs involved in cell survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis. Though both tumor macrophage HIF-1α and HIF-2α correlate with unfavorable tumor microenvironments, most research focuses on HIF-1α as the master regulator of hypoxia signaling, because HIF-1α expression was originally identified in several cancer types and correlates with worse outcome in cancer patients. The relative contribution of each HIFα subunit to cell phenotypes is poorly understood especially in TAMs. Once thought to have overlapping roles, recent investigation of macrophage HIF-2α has demonstrated a diverse function from HIF-1α. Little work has been published on the differential role of hypoxia-dependent macrophage HIF-2α when compared to HIF-1α in the context of tumor biology. This review highlights cellular HIF-2α functions and emphasizes the gap in research investigating oxygen-dependent functions of tumor macrophage HIF-2α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla J. Steinberger
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Timothy D. Eubank
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- In Vivo Multifunctional Magnetic Resonance Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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43
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Man HSJ, Subramaniam N, Downs T, Sukumar AN, Saha AD, Nair R, Chen L, Teitelbaum D, Turgeon PJ, Ku KH, Tran E, de Perrot M, Marsden PA. Long noncoding RNA GATA2-AS1 augments endothelial Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-α induction and regulates hypoxic signaling. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103029. [PMID: 36806681 PMCID: PMC10148162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells form the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and have myriad physiologic functions including angiogenesis and response to hypoxia. We recently identified a set of endothelial cell (EC)-enriched long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in differentiated human primary cell types and described the role of the STEEL lncRNA in angiogenic patterning. We sought to further understand the role of EC-enriched lncRNAs in physiologic adaptation of the vascular endothelium. In this work, we describe an abundant, cytoplasmic, and EC-enriched lncRNA, GATA2-AS1, that is divergently transcribed from the EC-enriched developmental regulator, GATA2. While GATA2-AS1 is largely co-expressed with GATA2 in ECs, GATA2-AS1 and GATA2 appear to be complementary rather than synergistic as they have mostly distinct target genes. Common single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in GATA2-AS1 exons are associated with early onset coronary artery disease (CAD) and decreased expression of GATA2-AS1 in endothelial cell lines. In most cells, HIF1-α is central to the transcriptional response to hypoxia, while in ECs, both HIF1-α and HIF2-α are required to coordinate an acute and chronic response respectively. In this setting, GATA2-AS1 contributes to the "HIF switch" and augments HIF1-α induction in acute hypoxia to regulate HIF1-α/ HIF2-α balance. In hypoxia, GATA2-AS1 orchestrates HIF1-α-dependent induction of the glycolytic pathway, and HIF1-α-independent maintenance of mitochondrial biogenesis. Similarly, GATA2-AS1 coordinates both metabolism and "tip/stalk" cell signaling to regulate angiogenesis in hypoxic ECs. Furthermore, we find that GATA2-AS1 expression patterns are perturbed in atherosclerotic disease. Together, these results define a role for GATA2-AS1 in the EC-specific response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Jeffrey Man
- Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Respirology, University Health Network, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Noeline Subramaniam
- Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tiana Downs
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aravin N Sukumar
- Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aninda D Saha
- Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ranju Nair
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucy Chen
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Teitelbaum
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul J Turgeon
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyung Ha Ku
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eileen Tran
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip A Marsden
- Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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44
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Attaway AH, Bellar A, Mishra S, Karthikeyan M, Sekar J, Welch N, Musich R, Singh SS, Kumar A, Menon A, King J, Langen R, Webster J, Scheraga R, Rochon K, Mears J, Naga Prasad SV, Hatzoglou M, Chakraborty AA, Dasarathy S. Adaptive exhaustion during prolonged intermittent hypoxia causes dysregulated skeletal muscle protein homeostasis. J Physiol 2023; 601:567-606. [PMID: 36533558 PMCID: PMC10286804 DOI: 10.1113/jp283700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nocturnal hypoxaemia, which is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, is associated with skeletal muscle loss or sarcopenia, which contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. In COPD, we have defined this as prolonged intermittent hypoxia (PIH) because the duration of hypoxia in skeletal muscle occurs through the duration of sleep followed by normoxia during the day, in contrast to recurrent brief hypoxic episodes during obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Adaptive cellular responses to PIH are not known. Responses to PIH induced by three cycles of 8 h hypoxia followed by 16 h normoxia were compared to those during chronic hypoxia (CH) or normoxia for 72 h in murine C2C12 and human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived differentiated myotubes. RNA sequencing followed by downstream analyses were complemented by experimental validation of responses that included both unique and shared perturbations in ribosomal and mitochondrial function during PIH and CH. A sarcopenic phenotype characterized by decreased myotube diameter and protein synthesis, and increased phosphorylation of eIF2α (Ser51) by eIF2α kinase, and of GCN-2 (general controlled non-derepressed-2), occurred during both PIH and CH. Mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction, disrupted supercomplex assembly, lower activity of Complexes I, III, IV and V, and reduced intermediary metabolite concentrations occurred during PIH and CH. Decreased mitochondrial fission occurred during CH. Physiological relevance was established in skeletal muscle of mice with COPD that had increased phosphorylation of eIF2α, lower protein synthesis and mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction. Molecular and metabolic responses with PIH suggest an adaptive exhaustion with failure to restore homeostasis during normoxia. KEY POINTS: Sarcopenia or skeletal muscle loss is one of the most frequent complications that contributes to mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Unlike chronic hypoxia, prolonged intermittent hypoxia is a frequent, underappreciated and clinically relevant model of hypoxia in patients with COPD. We developed a novel, in vitro myotube model of prolonged intermittent hypoxia with molecular and metabolic perturbations, mitochondrial oxidative dysfunction, and consequent sarcopenic phenotype. In vivo studies in skeletal muscle from a mouse model of COPD shared responses with our myotube model, establishing the pathophysiological relevance of our studies. These data lay the foundation for translational studies in human COPD to target prolonged, nocturnal hypoxaemia to prevent sarcopenia in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy H. Attaway
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Annette Bellar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Saurabh Mishra
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Manikandan Karthikeyan
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jinendiran Sekar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nicole Welch
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ryan Musich
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shashi Shekhar Singh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aishwarya Menon
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jasmine King
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ramon Langen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Justine Webster
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Rachel Scheraga
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kristy Rochon
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jason Mears
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Maria Hatzoglou
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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45
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Coates HW, Capell-Hattam IM, Olzomer EM, Du X, Farrell R, Yang H, Byrne FL, Brown AJ. Hypoxia truncates and constitutively activates the key cholesterol synthesis enzyme squalene monooxygenase. eLife 2023; 12:82843. [PMID: 36655986 PMCID: PMC9851614 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol synthesis is both energy- and oxygen-intensive, yet relatively little is known of the regulatory effects of hypoxia on pathway enzymes. We previously showed that the rate-limiting and first oxygen-dependent enzyme of the committed cholesterol synthesis pathway, squalene monooxygenase (SM), can undergo partial proteasomal degradation that renders it constitutively active. Here, we show hypoxia is a physiological trigger for this truncation, which occurs through a two-part mechanism: (1) increased targeting of SM to the proteasome via stabilization of the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCHF6 and (2) accumulation of the SM substrate, squalene, which impedes the complete degradation of SM and liberates its truncated form. This preserves SM activity and downstream pathway flux during hypoxia. These results uncover a feedforward mechanism that allows SM to accommodate fluctuating substrate levels and may contribute to its widely reported oncogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson W Coates
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
| | | | - Ellen M Olzomer
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Ximing Du
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Rhonda Farrell
- Prince of Wales Private HospitalRandwickAustralia
- Chris O’Brien LifehouseCamperdownAustralia
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Frances L Byrne
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Andrew J Brown
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
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Müller MB, Stihl C, Schmid A, Hirschberger S, Mitsigiorgi R, Holzer M, Patscheider M, Weiss BG, Reichel C, Hübner M, Uhl B. A novel OSA-related model of intermittent hypoxia in endothelial cells under flow reveals pronounced inflammatory pathway activation. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1108966. [PMID: 37123277 PMCID: PMC10133699 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1108966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction and subsequent hypoxia. In patients with OSA, severity and number of these hypoxic events positively correlate with the extent of associated cardiovascular pathology. The molecular mechanisms underlying intermittent hypoxia (IH)-driven cardiovascular disease in OSA, however, remain poorly understood-partly due to the lack of adequate experimental models. Here, we present a novel experimental approach that utilizes primary human endothelial cells cultivated under shear stress. Oxygen partial pressure dynamics were adopted in our in vitro model according to the desaturation-reoxygenation patterns identified in polysomnographic data of severe OSA patients (n = 10, with 892 severe desaturations, SpO2<80%). Using western blot analysis, we detected a robust activation of the two major inflammatory pathways ERK and NF-κB in endothelial cells, whereas no HIF1α and HIF2α protein stabilization was observed. In line with these findings, mRNA and protein expression of the pro-inflammatory adhesion and signaling molecule ICAM-1 and the chemokine CCL2 were significantly increased. Hence, we established a novel in vitro model for deciphering OSA-elicited effects on the vascular endothelium. First data obtained in this model point to the endothelial activation of pro-inflammatory rather than hypoxia-associated pathways in OSA. Future studies in this model might contribute to the development of targeted strategies against OSA-induced, secondary cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin B. Müller
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Martin B. Müller,
| | - Clemens Stihl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Annika Schmid
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Hirschberger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Rea Mitsigiorgi
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Holzer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Patscheider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard G. Weiss
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Reichel
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Max Hübner
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Research Unit Molecular Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Uhl
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine (WBex), Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München (LMU), Munich, Germany
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Cytokines and HIF-1α as dysregulation factors of migration and differentiation of monocyte progenitor cells of endotheliocytes in the pathogenesis of ischemic cardiomyopathy. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2022. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2022-7.5-2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Angiogenic endothelial dysfunction and progenitor endothelial cells (EPCs) in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) have not been studied enough.The aim. To establish the nature of changes in the cytokine profile and HIF-1α in blood and bone marrow associated with impaired differentiation of monocytic progenitor cells of endotheliocytes (CD14+VEGFR2+) in the bone marrow and their migration into the blood in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), suffering and not suffering from ICMP.Materials and methods. A single-stage, single-centre, observational case-control study was conducted involving 74 patients with CHD, suffering and not suffering from ICMP (30 and 44 people, respectively), and 25 healthy donors. In patients with CHD, bone marrow was obtained during coronary bypass surgery, peripheral blood – before surgery. Healthy donors were taken peripheral blood. The number of CD14+VEGFR2+ in bone marrow and blood was determined by flow cytometry; the concentration of IL-6, TNF-α, M-CSF, GM-CSF, MCP-1 and HIF-1α – by the method of enzyme immunoassay.Results. A high content of CD14+VEGFR2+ cells in the blood of patients with CHD without cardiomyopathy was established relative to patients with ICMP against the background of a comparable number of these cells in myeloid tissue. Regardless of the presence of ICMP in the blood, patients with CHD showed an excess of TNF-α, a normal concentration of IL-6, GM-CSF, HIF-1α and a deficiency of M-CSF, and in the bone marrow supernatant, the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α exceeded that in the blood plasma (the level of GM-CSF – only in patients without cardiomyopathy). With ICMP, the normal concentration of MCP-1 was determined in the blood plasma, and with CHD without cardiomyopathy, its elevated content was determined.Conclusion. The formation of ICMP is accompanied by insufficient activation of EPCs migration with the CD14+VEGFR2+ phenotype in blood without disruption of their differentiation in the bone marrow, which associated with the absence of an increase in the concentration of MCP-1 in blood plasma and not associated with the plasma content of M-CSF, GM-CSF, HIF-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α.
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Bui BP, Nguyen PL, Lee K, Cho J. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1: A Novel Therapeutic Target for the Management of Cancer, Drug Resistance, and Cancer-Related Pain. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246054. [PMID: 36551540 PMCID: PMC9775408 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor that regulates the transcription of many genes that are responsible for the adaptation and survival of tumor cells in hypoxic environments. Over the past few decades, tremendous efforts have been made to comprehensively understand the role of HIF-1 in tumor progression. Based on the pivotal roles of HIF-1 in tumor biology, many HIF-1 inhibitors interrupting expression, stabilization, DNA binding properties, or transcriptional activity have been identified as potential therapeutic agents for various cancers, yet none of these inhibitors have yet been successfully translated into clinically available cancer treatments. In this review, we briefly introduce the regulation of the HIF-1 pathway and summarize its roles in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In addition, we explore the implications of HIF-1 in the development of drug resistance and cancer-related pain: the most commonly encountered obstacles during conventional anticancer therapies. Finally, the current status of HIF-1 inhibitors in clinical trials and their perspectives are highlighted, along with their modes of action. This review provides new insights into novel anticancer drug development targeting HIF-1. HIF-1 inhibitors may be promising combinational therapeutic interventions to improve the efficacy of current cancer treatments and reduce drug resistance and cancer-related pain.
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Jaśkiewicz M, Moszyńska A, Króliczewski J, Cabaj A, Bartoszewska S, Charzyńska A, Gebert M, Dąbrowski M, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. The transition from HIF-1 to HIF-2 during prolonged hypoxia results from reactivation of PHDs and HIF1A mRNA instability. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:109. [PMID: 36482296 PMCID: PMC9730601 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) are transcription factors that activate the adaptive hypoxic response when oxygen levels are low. The HIF transcriptional program increases oxygen delivery by inducing angiogenesis and by promoting metabolic reprograming that favors glycolysis. The two major HIFs, HIF-1 and HIF-2, mediate this response during prolonged hypoxia in an overlapping and sequential fashion that is referred to as the HIF switch. Both HIF proteins consist of an unstable alpha chain and a stable beta chain. The instability of the alpha chains is mediated by prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) activity during normoxic conditions, which leads to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the alpha chains. During normoxic conditions, very little HIF-1 or HIF-2 alpha-beta dimers are present because of PHD activity. During hypoxia, however, PHD activity is suppressed, and HIF dimers are stable. Here we demonstrate that HIF-1 expression is maximal after 4 h of hypoxia in primary endothelial cells and then is dramatically reduced by 8 h. In contrast, HIF-2 is maximal at 8 h and remains elevated up to 24 h. There are differences in the HIF-1 and HIF-2 transcriptional profiles, and therefore understanding how the transition between them occurs is important and not clearly understood. Here we demonstrate that the HIF-1 to HIF-2 transition during prolonged hypoxia is mediated by two mechanisms: (1) the HIF-1 driven increase in the glycolytic pathways that reactivates PHD activity and (2) the much less stable mRNA levels of HIF-1α (HIF1A) compared to HIF-2α (EPAS1) mRNA. We also demonstrate that the alpha mRNA levels directly correlate to the relative alpha protein levels, and therefore to the more stable HIF-2 expression during prolonged hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- grid.11451.300000 0001 0531 3426International Research Agenda 3P- Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adrianna Moszyńska
- grid.11451.300000 0001 0531 3426Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Króliczewski
- grid.11451.300000 0001 0531 3426Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Cabaj
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bartoszewska
- grid.11451.300000 0001 0531 3426Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agata Charzyńska
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magda Gebert
- grid.11451.300000 0001 0531 3426Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, BirminghamBirmingham, AL 35233 USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- grid.8505.80000 0001 1010 5103Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14a Street, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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Gray OA, Yoo J, Sobreira DR, Jousma J, Witonsky D, Sakabe NJ, Peng YJ, Prabhakar NR, Fang Y, Nobréga MA, Di Rienzo A. A pleiotropic hypoxia-sensitive EPAS1 enhancer is disrupted by adaptive alleles in Tibetans. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eade1942. [PMID: 36417539 PMCID: PMC9683707 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In Tibetans, noncoding alleles in EPAS1-whose protein product hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) drives the response to hypoxia-carry strong signatures of positive selection; however, their functional mechanism has not been systematically examined. Here, we report that high-altitude alleles disrupt the activity of four EPAS1 enhancers in one or more cell types. We further characterize one enhancer (ENH5) whose activity is both allele specific and hypoxia dependent. Deletion of ENH5 results in down-regulation of EPAS1 and HIF-2α targets in acute hypoxia and in a blunting of the transcriptional response to sustained hypoxia. Deletion of ENH5 in mice results in dysregulation of gene expression across multiple tissues. We propose that pleiotropic adaptive effects of the Tibetan alleles in EPAS1 underlie the strong selective signal at this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia A. Gray
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Yoo
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Débora R. Sobreira
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jordan Jousma
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - David Witonsky
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Noboru J. Sakabe
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ying-Jie Peng
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nanduri R. Prabhakar
- Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O2 Sensing, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yun Fang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Marcelo A. Nobréga
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Anna Di Rienzo
- Department of Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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