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Shaik GM, Khan MS. Betulinic Acid Potentiates Mast Cell Degranulation by Compromising Cell Membrane Integrity and Without Involving Fcεri Receptors. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:695-711. [PMID: 38504489 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2329990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Mast cells play important role in acquired and natural immunity making these favorable therapeutic targets in various inflammatory diseases. Here we observed that, pentacyclic tri terpenoid betulinic acid (BA) treatment resulted in a significantly high number (9%) of cells positive for Hoechst and negative for annexin-V indicating that BA could interfere with plasma membrane integrity. The degranulation of both activated and non-activated mast cells was enhanced upon treatment with BA. The pre-treatment of BA had remarkable effect on calcium response in activated mast cells which showed increased calcium influx relative compared to untreated cells. The results also showed potentially less migration of BA treated mast cells signifying the possible effect of BA on cell membrane. BA treatment resulted in a significant increase in mRNA levels of IL-13 while as mRNA levels of other target cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-α seem to be not affected. Moreover, there was global Increase in phosphorylation of signaling proteins and no significant change in phosphorylation of FcεRI receptors indicating that the effect of BA was independent of signaling cascade or FcεRI receptor mediated mast cell aggregation. Overall, these results portray BA potentiates mast cell effector functions by compromising the membrane integrity and independent of FcεRI involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouse M Shaik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Elattar MM, Darwish RS, Hammoda HM, Dawood HM. An ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, and pharmacological overview of onion (Allium cepa L.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117779. [PMID: 38262524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most widely distributed species within the Allium genus of family Amaryllidaceae. Onion has been esteemed for its medicinal properties since antiquity. It has been consumed for centuries in various indigenous cultures for the management of several ailments including microbial infections, respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin and cardio-vascular disorders, diabetes, renal colic, rheumatism, sexual impotence, menstrual pain, and headache. However, so far, there is a scarcity of recent data that compiles the plant chemistry, traditional practices, biological features, and toxicity. AIM OF THE WORK The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and analytical overview of ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, industrial applications, quality control, and toxicology of onion, to offer new perspectives and broad scopes for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information gathered in this review was obtained from various sources including books, scientific databases such as Science Direct, Wiley, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other domestic and foreign literature. RESULTS Onion has a long history of use as a traditional medicine for management of various conditions including infectious, inflammatory, respiratory, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and erectile dysfunction. More than 400 compounds have been identified in onion including flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, peptides, saponins and fatty acids. The plant extracts and compounds showed various pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anticancer, aphrodisiac, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activities. In addition to its predominant medicinal uses, onion has found various applications in the functional food industry. CONCLUSION Extensive literature analysis reveals that onion extracts and bioactive constituents possess diverse pharmacological activities that can be beneficial for treating various diseases. However, the current research primarily revolves around the documentation of ethnic pharmacology and predominantly consists of in vitro studies, with relatively limited in vivo and clinical studies. Consequently, it is imperative for future investigations to prioritize and expand the scope of in vivo and clinical research. Additionally, it is strongly recommended to direct further research efforts towards toxicity studies and quality control of the plant. These studies will help bridge the current knowledge gaps and establish a solid basis for exploring the plant's potential uses in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M Elattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Reham S Darwish
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hala M Hammoda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hend M Dawood
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
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3
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Fan J, Ma L, Xie B, Qiu S, Song S, Tang Z, Wu Y, Huangfu H, Feng Y, Luo X, Yang P. Modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress attenuates mast cell degranulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111336. [PMID: 38056196 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Degranulation of mast cells leads to direct allergic symptoms. The underlying mechanism needs to be explored further. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic conditions. The objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of mast cell degranulation. METHODS Bone marrow derived mast cells and mast cells isolated from the airway tissues were prepared. The role of ER stress in mediating the release of mast cells was tested. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) was used to investigate the genetic activities of mast cells. RESULTS Our observation showed that sensitization increased ER stress in mast cells. X-box-1 binding protein (XBP1) activity was linked to mast cell degranulation. Modulation of ER stress or XBP1 expression regulates the release of the mast cell mediator. XBP1 promoted the mediator release of mast cells by activating spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). Activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2a (eIF2a) inhibited XBP1 in mast cells. Semaphorin 3A was effective in preventing experimental allergic rhinitis (AR) due to its ability to suppress the release of mast cell mediators. CONCLUSIONS ER stress is associated with the mast cell degranulation. By inhibiting XBP1, the crucial molecule of ER stress, mast cell degranulation can be suppressed and experimental AR can be mitigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Fan
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, and Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Shenzhen, China
| | - Longpeng Ma
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, and Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bailing Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Shenzhen, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shuyao Qiu
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, and Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuo Song
- Department of General Practice Medicine. Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tang
- Longgang ENT Hospital and Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongjin Wu
- Longgang ENT Hospital and Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huangfu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangqian Luo
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Hospital, and Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Allergy & Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Shenzhen University Division, Shenzhen, China.
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Zingone F, Bertin L, Maniero D, Palo M, Lorenzon G, Barberio B, Ciacci C, Savarino EV. Myths and Facts about Food Intolerance: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4969. [PMID: 38068827 PMCID: PMC10708184 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Most adverse reactions to food are patient self-reported and not based on validated tests but nevertheless lead to dietary restrictions, with patients believing that these restrictions will improve their symptoms and quality of life. We aimed to clarify the myths and reality of common food intolerances, giving clinicians a guide on diagnosing and treating these cases. We performed a narrative review of the latest evidence on the widespread food intolerances reported by our patients, giving indications on the clinical presentations, possible tests, and dietary suggestions, and underlining the myths and reality. While lactose intolerance and hereditary fructose intolerance are based on well-defined mechanisms and have validated diagnostic tests, non-coeliac gluten sensitivity and fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) intolerance are mainly based on patients' reports. Others, like non-hereditary fructose, sorbitol, and histamine intolerance, still need more evidence and often cause unnecessary dietary restrictions. Finally, the main outcome of the present review is that the medical community should work to reduce the spread of unvalidated tests, the leading cause of the problematic management of our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Zingone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35124 Padua, Italy; (L.B.); (D.M.); (M.P.); (G.L.); (E.V.S.)
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale—Università Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Luisa Bertin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35124 Padua, Italy; (L.B.); (D.M.); (M.P.); (G.L.); (E.V.S.)
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale—Università Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Daria Maniero
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35124 Padua, Italy; (L.B.); (D.M.); (M.P.); (G.L.); (E.V.S.)
| | - Michela Palo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35124 Padua, Italy; (L.B.); (D.M.); (M.P.); (G.L.); (E.V.S.)
| | - Greta Lorenzon
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35124 Padua, Italy; (L.B.); (D.M.); (M.P.); (G.L.); (E.V.S.)
| | - Brigida Barberio
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale—Università Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Carolina Ciacci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35124 Padua, Italy; (L.B.); (D.M.); (M.P.); (G.L.); (E.V.S.)
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale—Università Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy;
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Suk G, Kwon DH, Roers A, Abraham SN, Choi HW. Stabilization of activated mast cells by ORAI1 inhibitor suppresses peanut-induced anaphylaxis and acute diarrhea. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106887. [PMID: 37574155 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Mast cell (MC) activation triggered by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-antigen crosslinking involves intracellular Ca2+ influx through the ORAI1 channel, which precedes granule exteriorization and de novo synthesis of mediators. Pharmacologically suppressing MCs via the inhibition of the ORAI1 Ca2+ channel may represent a potential strategy for preventing anaphylaxis. This study demonstrated that peanut-induced anaphylaxis in sensitized mice resulted in significant hypothermia and acute diarrhea. Utilizing the Mcpt5cre-DTA mouse model, we demonstrated that this anaphylactic response was mediated by IgE-antigen-induced MC activation. Prophylactic administration of MC suppressors was an effective means of preventing peanut-induced anaphylaxis. In addition, we observed the potent efficacy of an ORAI1 inhibitor in suppressing the FcεRI-mediated response of murine or human MCs, even when administered concurrently or post-allergen exposure. Mechanistically, the ORAI1 inhibitor was found to prevent the association of Synaptotagmin-2 with the SNARE complex. In an in vivo mouse model of peanut-induced anaphylaxis, the administration of the ORAI1 inhibitor after allergen challenge effectively suppressed allergic acute diarrhea and ameliorated anaphylaxis. Therefore, pharmacological intervention of ORAI1 channel inhibition in MCs represents a promising therapeutic avenue for the treatment of peanut-induced anaphylaxis and acute diarrhea in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongseo Suk
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hae Woong Choi
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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Raolji S, Kumar P, Galor A. Ocular surface itch and pain: key differences and similarities between the two sensations. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 23:415-422. [PMID: 37490616 PMCID: PMC10529639 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the pathophysiology and treatment of ocular itch and pain, encompassing nociceptive and neuropathic categories. RECENT FINDINGS Ocular itch and pain are sensations that arise from activation of ocular surface polymodal nerves. Nociceptive itch, commonly comorbid with ocular pain complaints, is mainly driven by a histamine-mediated type 1 hypersensitivity reaction. Beyond topical therapy, novel drug delivery systems are being explored to improve ocular residence time of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antihistamines. Nociceptive ocular pain can be driven by a variety of factors. Treatment focuses on addressing the causative sources of pain. Neuropathic ocular itch and pain are driven by nerve damage and dysfunction and as such, topical and oral neuromodulation have been explored as treatments. Oral neuromodulators include alpha 2 delta ligands, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and low dose naltrexone. Novel therapies are being evaluated for both modalities such as difelikefalin (κ-opioid receptor agonist) for neuropathic itch and libvatrep (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist) for neuropathic pain. SUMMARY Both ocular itch and pain can be driven by nociceptive and/or neuropathic mechanisms. Identifying contributors to abnormal ocular sensations is vital for precise medical care. Novel therapeutics for these conditions aim to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal Raolji
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Preet Kumar
- Florida Atlantic University Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL
| | - Anat Galor
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
- Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16th St, Miami, FL 33125
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7
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Kim MH, Bae CS, Bok SH, Choi HS, Ahn T, Cho SS, Park DH. Drug Development from Natural Products Based on the Pathogenic Mechanism of Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12469. [PMID: 37569846 PMCID: PMC10419019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pulmonary system associated with many wheeze-to-sleep apnea complications that may lead to death. In 2019, approximately 262 million patients suffered from asthma, and 455 thousand died from the disease worldwide. It is a more severe health problem in children and older adults, and as the aging of society intensifies, the problem will continue to worsen. Asthma inducers can be classified as indoor and outdoor allergens and can cause asthma due to their repeated invasion. There are several theories about asthma occurrence, such as the imbalance between Th1 and Th2, inflammation in the pulmonary system, and the abnormal apoptosis/cell proliferation of cells related to asthma. Although there are many medications for asthma, as it is an incurable disease, the purpose of the drugs is only to suppress the symptoms. The current drugs can be divided into relievers and controllers; however, as they have many adverse effects, such as immune suppression, growth retardation, promotion of cataracts, hyperactivity, and convulsions, developing new asthma drugs is necessary. Although natural products can have adverse effects, the development of asthma drugs from natural products may be beneficial, as some have anti-asthmatic effects such as immune modulation, anti-inflammation, and/or apoptosis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hee Kim
- Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (C.-S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - So-Hyeon Bok
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo-Seung Choi
- Department of Digital Contents, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (C.-S.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Seung-Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
- Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Republic of Korea;
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8
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Harper RL, Fang F, San H, Negro A, St Hilaire C, Yang D, Chen G, Yu Z, Dmitrieva NI, Lanzer J, Davaine JM, Schwartzbeck R, Walts AD, Kovacic JC, Boehm M. Mast cell activation and degranulation in acute artery injury: A target for post-operative therapy. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23029. [PMID: 37310585 PMCID: PMC11095138 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201745rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has led to a significant ongoing need to address this surgically through coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). From this, there continues to be a substantial burden of mortality and morbidity due to complications arising from endothelial damage, resulting in restenosis. Whilst mast cells (MC) have been shown to have a causative role in atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases, including restenosis due to vein engraftment; here, we demonstrate their rapid response to arterial wire injury, recapitulating the endothelial damage seen in PCI procedures. Using wild-type mice, we demonstrate accumulation of MC in the femoral artery post-acute wire injury, with rapid activation and degranulation, resulting in neointimal hyperplasia, which was not observed in MC-deficient KitW-sh/W-sh mice. Furthermore, neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells were abundant in the wild-type mice area of injury but reduced in the KitW-sh/W-sh mice. Following bone-marrow-derived MC (BMMC) transplantation into KitW-sh/W-sh mice, not only was the neointimal hyperplasia induced, but the neutrophil, macrophage, and T-cell populations were also present in these transplanted mice. To demonstrate the utility of MC as a target for therapy, we administered the MC stabilizing drug, disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) immediately following arterial injury and were able to show a reduction in neointimal hyperplasia in wild-type mice. These studies suggest a critical role for MC in inducing the conditions and coordinating the detrimental inflammatory response seen post-endothelial injury in arteries undergoing revascularization procedures, and by targeting the rapid MC degranulation immediately post-surgery with DSCG, this restenosis may become a preventable clinical complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Harper
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Fang Fang
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hong San
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alejandra Negro
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cynthia St Hilaire
- Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dan Yang
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Guibin Chen
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhen Yu
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Natalia I Dmitrieva
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jan Lanzer
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jean-Michel Davaine
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robin Schwartzbeck
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Avram D Walts
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Manfred Boehm
- Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Trimarchi M, Lauritano D, Ronconi G, Caraffa A, Gallenga CE, Frydas I, Kritas SK, Calvisi V, Conti P. Mast Cell Cytokines in Acute and Chronic Gingival Tissue Inflammation: Role of IL-33 and IL-37. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113242. [PMID: 36362030 PMCID: PMC9654575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Much evidence suggests autoimmunity in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. In fact, in periodontitis, there is antibody production against collagen, DNA, and IgG, as well as increased IgA expression, T cell dysfunction, high expression of class II MHC molecules on the surface of gingival epithelial cells in inflamed tissues, activation of NK cells, and the generation of antibodies against the azurophil granules of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In general, direct activation of autoreactive immune cells and production of TNF can activate neutrophils to release pro-inflammatory enzymes with tissue damage in the gingiva. Gingival inflammation and, in the most serious cases, periodontitis, are mainly due to the dysbiosis of the commensal oral microbiota that triggers the immune system. This inflammatory pathological state can affect the periodontal ligament, bone, and the entire gingival tissue. Oral tolerance can be abrogated by some cytokines produced by epithelial cells and activated immune cells, including mast cells (MCs). Periodontal cells and inflammatory-immune cells, including mast cells (MCs), produce cytokines and chemokines, mediating local inflammation of the gingival, along with destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Immune-cell activation and recruitment can be induced by inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, TNF, IL-33, and bacterial products, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IL-1 and IL-33 are pleiotropic cytokines from members of the IL-1 family, which mediate inflammation of MCs and contribute to many key features of periodontitis and other inflammatory disorders. IL-33 activates several immune cells, including lymphocytes, Th2 cells, and MCs in both innate and acquired immunological diseases. The classic therapies for periodontitis include non-surgical periodontal treatment, surgery, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and surgery, which have been only partially effective. Recently, a natural cytokine, IL-37, a member of the IL-1 family and a suppressor of IL-1b, has received considerable attention for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this article, we report that IL-37 may be an important and effective therapeutic cytokine that may inhibit periodontal inflammation. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between MCs, IL-1, IL-33, and IL-37 inhibition in acute and chronic inflamed gingival tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Trimarchi
- Centre of Neuroscience of Milan, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Dorina Lauritano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Gianpaolo Ronconi
- Clinica dei Pazienti del Territorio, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Carla E. Gallenga
- Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Specialist Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Ilias Frydas
- Department of Parasitology, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Spyros K. Kritas
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Macedonia, Greece;
| | - Vittorio Calvisi
- Orthopaedics Department, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Pio Conti
- Immunology Division, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Chieti, 65100 Pescara, Italy
- Correspondence:
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10
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Lin Y, Chen J, Liu J, Zhang X. Nutritional activities of luteolin in obesity and associated metabolic diseases: an eye on adipose tissues. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4016-4030. [PMID: 36300856 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2138257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excessive body fat accumulation and is a high-risk factor for metabolic comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. In lean individuals, adipose tissue (AT) is not only an important regulatory organ for energy storage and metabolism, but also an indispensable immune and endocrine organ. The sustained energy imbalance induces adipocyte hypotrophy and hyperplasia as well as AT remodeling, accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation and adipocytes dysfunction in AT, ultimately leading to systemic insulin resistance and ectopic lipid deposition. Luteolin is a natural flavonoid widely distributed in fruits and vegetables and possesses multifold biological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. Diet supplementation of this flavonoid has been reported to inhibit AT lipogenesis and inflammation as well as the ectopic lipid deposition, increase AT thermogenesis and systemic energy expenditure, and finally improve obesity and associated metabolic diseases. The purpose of this review is to reveal the nutritional activities of luteolin in obesity and its complications with emphasis on its action on AT energy metabolism, immunoregulation, and endocrine intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Tieu S, Charchoglyan A, Wagter-Lesperance L, Karimi K, Bridle BW, Karrow NA, Mallard BA. Immunoceuticals: Harnessing Their Immunomodulatory Potential to Promote Health and Wellness. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194075. [PMID: 36235727 PMCID: PMC9571036 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge that certain nutraceuticals can modulate the immune system is not new. These naturally occurring compounds are known as immunoceuticals, which is a novel term that refers to products and systems that naturally improve an individual’s immuno-competence. Examples of immunoceuticals include vitamin D3, mushroom glycans, flavonols, quercetin, omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, and micronutrients (e.g., zinc and selenium), to name a few. The immune system is a complex and highly intricate system comprising molecules, cells, tissues, and organs that are regulated by many different genetic and environmental factors. There are instances, such as pathological conditions, in which a normal immune response is suboptimal or inappropriate and thus augmentation or tuning of the immune response by immunoceuticals may be desired. With infectious diseases, cancers, autoimmune disorders, inflammatory conditions, and allergies on the rise in both humans and animals, the importance of the use of immunoceuticals to prevent, treat, or augment the treatment of these conditions is becoming more evident as a natural and often economical approach to support wellness. The global nutraceuticals market, which includes immunoceuticals, is a multi-billion-dollar industry, with a market size value of USD 454.55 billion in 2021, which is expected to reach USD 991.09 billion by 2030. This review will provide an overview of the immune system, the importance of immunomodulation, and defining and testing for immunocompetence, followed by a discussion of several key immunoceuticals with clinically proven and evidence-based immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Tieu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Armen Charchoglyan
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Advanced Analysis Centre, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lauri Wagter-Lesperance
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Khalil Karimi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Niel A. Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Bonnie A. Mallard
- ImmunoCeutica Inc., Cambridge, ON N1T 1N6, Canada
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Su YH, Lin JY. Menthone supplementation protects from allergic inflammation in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175222. [PMID: 35988786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To screen potent terpenoid compounds against allergic inflammation in vitro and in vivo, five terpenoid compounds including menthone, farnesol, oridonin, β-escin and lupeol, were first selected to compare their anti-allergic inflammation potential using mouse lung mast cells in vitro. Among five selected terpenoid compounds, just menthone treatment decreased TNF-α/IL-10 secretion ratios in lipopolysaccharide -stimulated mast cells in vitro. As a result, menthone was further chosen to treat ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice by gavage for 5 weeks. There were six groups including dietary control (DC group, 0 mg menthone/kg b.w./day), 8 (ML group), 40 (MM group) as well as 200 mg menthone/kg b.w./day (MH group) by gavage, positive control (PC group, 3 mg dexamethasone/kg b.w. by gavage before OVA challenge) and non-treatment control (NTC group, normal mice without treatment) in the experiment. Changes of inflammatory mediators, cell distribution, Th1/Th2 and pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines secretion as well as relative gene expression amounts of six receptors related to allergic inflammation in the lungs and airways were measured. The results showed that middle menthone supplementation (40 mg menthone/kg b.w./day) in vivo decreased protein and eotaxin, but increased Th1 cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Menthone supplementation inhibited eosinophilia, mast cell degranulation, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 3 (CC receptor 3) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 1 (CXC receptor 1) gene expression amounts in the lungs, but restored the percentage of monocytes/macrophages. Our results suggest that menthone supplementation may alleviate allergic asthma through regulating airway allergic inflammation, protein overproduction, eosinophils infiltration, Th1/Th2 immune balance, CC receptor 3 and CXC receptor 1 gene expression amounts in the lungs but restoring the percentage of monocytes/macrophages in allergic asthmatic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Su
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Yuarn Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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Pal R, Battu MB, Mukhopadhyay S. Therapeutic application of PPE2 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in inhibiting tissue inflammation. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14891. [PMID: 35811493 PMCID: PMC9449591 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need to develop biological anti-inflammatory agents that are more targeted, effective, and with lesser side effects as compared to conventional chemical drugs. In the present study, we found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein PPE2 and a synthetic derivative peptide can suppress the mast cell population and inhibit several vasoactive and fibrogenic mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by mast cells in formalin-induced tissue injury. PPE2 was found to inhibit transcription from the promoter of stem cell factor, important for mast cell maintenance and migration. Thus, PPE2/peptide can be used as a potent nonsteroidal therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Pal
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Babu Battu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sangita Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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14
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Early life adversity drives sex-specific anhedonia and meningeal immune gene expression through mast cell activation. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 103:73-84. [PMID: 35339629 PMCID: PMC9149134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to early life adversity (ELA) in the form of physical and/or psychological abuse or neglect increases the risk of developing psychiatric and inflammatory disorders later in life. It has been hypothesized that exposure to ELA results in persistent, low grade inflammation that leads to increased disease susceptibility by amplifying the crosstalk between stress-processing brain networks and the immune system, but the mechanisms remain largely unexplored. The meninges, a layer of three overlapping membranes that surround the central nervous system (CNS)- dura mater, arachnoid, and piamater - possess unique features that allow them to play a key role in coordinating immune trafficking between the brain and the peripheral immune system. These include a network of lymphatic vessels that carry cerebrospinal fluid from the brain to the deep cervical lymph nodes, fenestrated blood vessels that allow the passage of molecules from blood to the CNS, and a rich population of resident mast cells, master regulators of the immune system. Using a mouse model of ELA consisting of neonatal maternal separation plus early weaning (NMSEW), we sought to explore the effects of ELA on sucrose preference behavior, dura mater expression of inflammatory markers and mast cell histology in adult male and female C57Bl/6 mice. We found that NMSEW alone does not affect sucrose preference behavior in males or females, but it increases the dura mater expression of the genes coding for mast cell protease CMA1 (cma1) and the inflammatory cytokine TNF alpha (tnf alpha) in females. When NMSEW is combined with an adult mild stress (that does not affect behavior or gene expression in NH animals) females show reduced sucrose preference and even greater increases in meningeal cma1 levels. Interestingly, systemic administration of the mast cell stabilizer Ketotifen before exposure to adult stress prevents both, reduction in sucrose preference an increases in cma1 expression in NMSEW females, but facilitates stress-induced sucrose anhedonia in NMSEW males and NH females. Finally, histological analyses showed that, compared to males, females have increased baseline activation levels of mast cells located in the transverse sinus of the dura mater, where the meningeal lymphatics run along, and that, in males and females exposed to adult stress, NMSEW increases the number of mast cells in the interparietal region of the dura mater and the levels of mast cell activation in the sagittal sinus regions of the dura mater. Together, our results indicate that ELA induces long-term meningeal immune gene changes and heightened sensitivity to adult stress-induced behavioral and meningeal immune responses and that these effects could mediated via mast cells.
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Laggner M, Acosta GS, Kitzmüller C, Copic D, Gruber F, Altenburger LM, Vorstandlechner V, Gugerell A, Direder M, Klas K, Bormann D, Peterbauer A, Shibuya A, Bohle B, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. The secretome of irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells attenuates activation of mast cells and basophils. EBioMedicine 2022; 81:104093. [PMID: 35671621 PMCID: PMC9168057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgE-mediated hypersensitivity is becoming increasingly prevalent and activation of mast cells and basophils represent key events in the pathophysiology of allergy. We have previously reported that the secretome of γ-irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCsec) exerts beneficial anti-inflammatory effects. Yet, its ability to alleviate allergic symptoms has not been investigated so far. METHODS Several experimental in vitro and in vivo models have been used in this basic research study. A murine ear swelling model was used to study the effects of PBMCsec on 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation in vivo. The transcriptional profile of murine mast cells was analysed by single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). Mast cell activation was studied in vitro using primary skin mast cells. Basophils from individuals allergic to birch pollens were used to investigate basophile activation by allergens. Transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses were used to identify mRNA expression and lipid species present in PBMCsec, respectively. FINDINGS Topical application of PBMCsec on mouse ears (C57BL/6) significantly reduced tissue swelling following intradermal injection of compound 48/80, an inducer of mast cell degranulation. Single cell RNA sequencing of PBMCsec-treated murine dermal mast cells (Balb/c) revealed a downregulation of genes involved in immune cell degranulation and Fc-receptor signalling. In addition, treatment of primary human dermal mast cells with PBMCsec strongly inhibited compound 48/80- and α-IgE-induced mediator release in vitro. Furthermore, PBMCsec remarkably attenuated allergen driven activation of basophils from allergic individuals. Transcriptomic analysis of these basophils showed that PBMCsec downregulated a distinct gene battery involved in immune cell degranulation and Fc-receptor signalling, corroborating results obtained from dermal mast cells. Finally, we identified the lipid fraction of PBMCsec as the major active ingredient involved in effector cell inhibition. INTERPRETATION Collectively, our data demonstrate that PBMCsec is able to reduce activation of mast cells and basophils, encouraging further studies on the potential use of PBMCsec for treating allergy. FUNDING Austrian Research Promotion Agency (852748 and 862068, 2015-2019), Vienna Business Agency (2343727, 2018-2020), Aposcience AG, Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (SPA06/055), Danube Allergy Research Cluster, Austrian Science Fund (I4437 and P32953).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laggner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriela Sánchez Acosta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Kitzmüller
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragan Copic
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Vera Vorstandlechner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Gugerell
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Direder
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Bormann
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Peterbauer
- Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Akira Shibuya
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Barbara Bohle
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik Jan Ankersmit
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis and Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Aposcience AG, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Roth-Walter F. Iron-Deficiency in Atopic Diseases: Innate Immune Priming by Allergens and Siderophores. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:859922. [PMID: 35769558 PMCID: PMC9234869 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.859922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although iron is one of the most abundant elements on earth, about a third of the world's population are affected by iron deficiency. Main drivers of iron deficiency are beside the chronic lack of dietary iron, a hampered uptake machinery as a result of immune activation. Macrophages are the principal cells distributing iron in the human body with their iron restriction skewing these cells to a more pro-inflammatory state. Consequently, iron deficiency has a pronounced impact on immune cells, favoring Th2-cell survival, immunoglobulin class switching and primes mast cells for degranulation. Iron deficiency during pregnancy increases the risk of atopic diseases in children, while both children and adults with allergy are more likely to have anemia. In contrast, an improved iron status seems to protect against allergy development. Here, the most important interconnections between iron metabolism and allergies, the effect of iron deprivation on distinct immune cell types, as well as the pathophysiology in atopic diseases are summarized. Although the main focus will be humans, we also compare them with innate defense and iron sequestration strategies of microbes, given, particularly, attention to catechol-siderophores. Similarly, the defense and nutritional strategies in plants with their inducible systemic acquired resistance by salicylic acid, which further leads to synthesis of flavonoids as well as pathogenesis-related proteins, will be elaborated as both are very important for understanding the etiology of allergic diseases. Many allergens, such as lipocalins and the pathogenesis-related proteins, are able to bind iron and either deprive or supply iron to immune cells. Thus, a locally induced iron deficiency will result in immune activation and allergic sensitization. However, the same proteins such as the whey protein beta-lactoglobulin can also transport this precious micronutrient to the host immune cells (holoBLG) and hinder their activation, promoting tolerance and protecting against allergy. Since 2019, several clinical trials have also been conducted in allergic subjects using holoBLG as a food for special medical purposes, leading to a reduction in the allergic symptom burden. Supplementation with nutrient-carrying lipocalin proteins can circumvent the mucosal block and nourish selectively immune cells, therefore representing a new dietary and causative approach to compensate for functional iron deficiency in allergy sufferers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Franziska Roth-Walter ;
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Therapeutic Targets in Allergic Conjunctivitis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050547. [PMID: 35631374 PMCID: PMC9147625 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a common condition resulting from exposure to allergens such as pollen, animal dander, or mold. It is typically mediated by allergen-induced crosslinking of immunoglobulin E attached to receptors on primed conjunctival mast cells, which results in mast cell degranulation and histamine release, as well as the release of lipid mediators, cytokines, and chemokines. The clinical result is conjunctival hyperemia, tearing, intense itching, and chemosis. Refractory and chronic cases can result in ocular surface complications that may be vision threatening. Patients who experience even mild forms of this disease report an impact on their quality of life. Current treatment options range from non-pharmacologic therapies to ocular and systemic options. However, to adequately control AC, the use of multiple agents is often required. As such, a precise understanding of the immune mechanisms responsible for this ocular surface inflammation is needed to support ongoing research for potential therapeutic targets such as chemokine receptors, cytokine receptors, non-receptor tyrosine kinases, and integrins. This review utilized several published articles regarding the current therapeutic options to treat AC, as well as the pathological and immune mechanisms relevant to AC. This review will also focus on cellular and molecular targets in AC, with particular emphasis on potential therapeutic agents that can attenuate the pathology and immune mechanisms driven by cells, receptors, and molecules that participate in the immunopathogenesis and immunopathology of AC.
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High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method development and validation for the estimation of curcumin and cineole. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-022-00155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Su YH, Lin JY. Menthone Inhalation Alleviates Local and Systemic Allergic Inflammation in Ovalbumin-Sensitized and Challenged Asthmatic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074011. [PMID: 35409371 PMCID: PMC8999977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Menthone is rich in Mentha × Piperita L. essential oil and it has anti-inflammatory properties; research shows that it is useful, via percutaneous absorption, in treating inflammation-related diseases. However, anti-allergic inflammatory effects of volatile menthone have not yet been used to treat allergic asthma, in vivo. We hypothesized that menthone inhalation may have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects in patients with allergic asthma. Therefore, in our study, menthone inhalation was used to treat ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged asthmatic mice. Allergic inflammation mediator changes in the lungs and airways, sera, splenocytes, and peritoneal macrophages of the mice were measured. Relative expression amounts of six receptor genes related to allergic inflammation of the lungs and airways were quantitated using a two-step real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results showed that menthone inhalation increased serum OVA-specific IgG2a/IgG1 and IgG2a/IgE ratios, increased Th1-type cytokine production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and decreased nitric oxide, protein, and eotaxin levels. Menthone inhalation inhibited mast cell and eosinophil degranulation, and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 3 (Ccr3) gene expression amounts, but (relatively) increased Th1 cytokine secretion by splenocytes. Our results evidence that menthone inhalation alleviates local and systemic allergic inflammation in asthmatic mice.
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20
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Martinez FJ, Wijsenbeek MS, Raghu G, Flaherty KR, Maher TM, Wuyts WA, Kreuter M, Kolb M, Chambers DC, Fogarty C, Mogulkoc N, Tutuncu AS, Richeldi L. Phase 2b Study of Inhaled RVT-1601 for Chronic Cough in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: SCENIC Trial: Multi-Center, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:1084-1092. [PMID: 35050837 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202106-1485oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic cough remains a major and often debilitating symptom for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In a phase 2a study, inhaled RVT-1601 reduced daytime cough and 24-hour average cough counts in patients with IPF. OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy, safety and optimal dose of inhaled RVT-1601 for the treatment of chronic cough in patients with IPF. METHODS In this multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2b study, patients with IPF and chronic cough for ≥8 weeks were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive 10, 40, and 80 mg RVT-1601 three times daily or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to end of treatment in log-transformed 24-hour cough count. Key secondary endpoints were change from baseline in cough severity and cough specific quality of life. Safety was monitored throughout the study. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The study was prematurely terminated due to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, 108 patients (mean age 71.0 years, 62.9% males) received RVT-1601 10 mg (n = 29), 40 mg (n = 25), 80 mg (n = 27), or matching placebo (n = 27); 61.1% (n = 66) completed double-blind treatment. No statistically significant difference was observed in the least-squares mean change from baseline in log-transformed 24-hour average cough count, cough severity, and cough-specific quality of life score between the RVT-1601 groups and placebo. The mean percentage change from baseline in 24-hour average cough count was 27.7% in the placebo group. Treatment was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with inhaled RVT-1601 (10, 40 and 80 mg TID) did not provide benefit over placebo for the treatment of chronic cough in patients with IPF. Clinical trial registration available at www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT03864328.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ganesh Raghu
- University of Washington Medical Center, 21617, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | | | - Toby M Maher
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 12223, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Wim A Wuyts
- K U Leuven, respiratory medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Center for interstitial and rare lung diseases, Pneumology, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research Germany, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Kolb
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel C Chambers
- School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Queensland Lung Transplant Program, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Charles Fogarty
- Spartanburg Medical Research, Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States
| | - Nesrin Mogulkoc
- Ege University Hospital, Department of Pulmonology, Bornova, Turkey
| | | | - Luca Richeldi
- Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Sede di Roma, 96983, Pulmonary Medicine, Roma, Italy
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21
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de Santiago MS, Arribas JLG, Llamas YM, Becvarova I, Meyer H. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial measuring the effect of a dietetic food on dermatologic scoring and pruritus in dogs with atopic dermatitis. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:354. [PMID: 34798876 PMCID: PMC8603501 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-03063-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common condition that often requires multimodal therapy. Including a diet in the multimodal management of AD may reduce medication doses, saving pet owners money and reducing side effects. The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was to determine if a diet fortified in antioxidants, polyphenols, and omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the clinical signs of AD. Forty client-owned dogs with AD were enrolled in the study and assigned to either an enriched diet (diet B) or control diet (diet A) for 60-days. CADESI-4 index scores and owner-reported pruritus scores were measured periodically. Results Total CADESI-4 index scores for dogs eating diet B were lower on day 60 compared to baseline (P = 0.003). There was no statistical difference in scores for dogs eating diet A over a 60-day period. Diet B dogs had 25 and 49% reductions in CADESI-4 index scores on days 30 and 60, respectively (P = 0.0007) while diet A had no change over the study period. When comparing the percent change in owner-reported pruritus scores, diet B also performed better than diet A. By day 60, owners feeding diet B to their dogs reported a significant reduction (P < 0.0001) of 46.4% in itching, while those on diet A reported a 26.8% reduction, which was not statistically significant (P = 0.08). Conclusions These study results demonstrate feeding a diet enriched with ingredients to improve skin health and reduce inflammation improves the clinical signs of AD in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yolanda Moral Llamas
- Clinical Veterinary Hospital, Complutense University, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iveta Becvarova
- Hill's Pet Nutrition Inc., 400 Southwest Eighth Avenue, Topeka, KS, 66603, USA
| | - Hein Meyer
- Hill's Pet Nutrition Inc., 400 Southwest Eighth Avenue, Topeka, KS, 66603, USA.
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22
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Natural Antioxidants from Plant Extracts in Skincare Cosmetics: Recent Applications, Challenges and Perspectives. COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics8040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, interest in the health effects of natural antioxidants has increased due to their safety and applicability in cosmetic formulation. Nevertheless, efficacy of natural antioxidants in vivo is less documented than their prooxidant properties in vivo. Plant extracts rich in vitamins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds can induce oxidative damage by reacting with various biomolecules while also providing antioxidant properties. Because the biological activities of natural antioxidants differ, their effectiveness for slowing the aging process remains unclear. This review article focuses on the use of natural antioxidants in skincare and the possible mechanisms underlying their desired effect, along with recent applications in skincare formulation and their limitations.
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Kwiatkowska D, Reich A. Role of Mast Cells in the Pathogenesis of Pruritus in Mastocytosis. Acta Derm Venereol 2021; 101:adv00583. [PMID: 34642766 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v101.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pruritus can be defined as an unpleasant sensation that evokes a desire to scratch and significantly impairs patients' quality of life. Pruritus is widely observed in many dermatoses, including mastocytosis, a rare disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of mast cells, which can involve skin, bone marrow, and other organs. Increasing evidence highlights the role of mast cells in neurogenic inflammation and itching. Mast cells release various pruritogenic mediators, initiating subsequent mutual communication with specific nociceptors on sensory nerve fibres. Among important mediators released by mast cells that induce pruritus, one can distinguish histamine, serotonin, proteases, as well as various cytokines. During neuronal-induced inflammation, mast cells may respond to numerous mediators, including neuropeptides, such as substance P, neurokinin A, calcitonin gene-related peptide, endothelin 1, and nerve growth factor. Currently, treatment of pruritus in mastocytosis is focused on alleviating the effects of mediators secreted by mast cells. However, a deeper understanding of the intricacies of the neurobiology of this disease could help to provide better treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Reich
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rzeszow, Ul. Szopena 2, PL-35-055 Rzeszów, Poland.
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24
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Song HK, Park SH, Kim HJ, Jang S, Kim T. Alpinia officinarum water extract inhibits the atopic dermatitis-like responses in NC/Nga mice by regulation of inflammatory chemokine production. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112322. [PMID: 34656059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia officinarum (AO) has been traditionally used in Asia as an herbal medicine to treat inflammatory and internal diseases. However, the therapeutic effect of AO on atopic dermatitis (AD) is unclear. Therefore, we examined whether Alpinia officinarum water extract (AOWex) affects AD in vivo and in vitro. Oral administration of AOWex to NC/Nga mice with Dermatophagoies farina extract (DfE)-induced AD-like symptoms significantly reduced the severity of clinical dermatitis, epidermal thickness, and mast cell infiltration into the skin and ear tissue. Decreased total serum IgE, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) levels were observed in DfE-induced NC/Nga mice in the AOWex-treated group. These effects were confirmed in vitro using HaCaT cells. Treatment with AOWex inhibited the expression of proinflammatory chemokines such as MDC, RANTES, IP-10 and I-TAC in interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated HaCaT cells. The anti-inflammatory effects of AOWex were due to its inhibitory action on MAPK phosphorylation (ERK and JNK), NF-κB, and STAT1. Furthermore, galangin, protocatechuic acid, and epicatechin from AOWex were identified as candidate anti-AD compounds. These results suggest that AOWex exerts therapeutic effects against AD by alleviating AD-like skin lesions, suppressing inflammatory mediators, and inhibiting major signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyung Song
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Haeng Park
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Jang
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Kianian F, Marefati N, Boskabady M, Ghasemi SZ, Boskabady MH. Pharmacological Properties of Allium cepa, Preclinical and Clinical Evidences; A Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021. [PMID: 34567150 DOI: 10.2037/ijpr.2020.112781.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Onion or Allium cepa (A. cepa) is one of the most important condiment plants grown and consumed all over the world. This plant has various therapeutic effects attributed to its constituents, such as quercetin, thiosulphinates and phenolic acids. In the present article, various pharmacological and therapeutic effects of A. cepa were reviewed. Different online databases using keywords such as onion, A. cepa, therapeutic effects, and pharmacological effects until the end of December 2019 were searched for this purpose. Onion has been suggested to be effective in treating a broad range of disorders, including asthma, inflammatory disorders, dysentery, wounds, scars, keloids and pain. In addition, different studies have demonstrated that onion possesses numerous pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and anti-platelet properties as well as the effect on bone, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, nervous, respiratory, and urogenital systems effects such as anti-osteoporosis, anti-hypertensive, antispasmodic, anti-diarrheal, neuro-protective, anti-asthmatic and diuretic effects. The present review provides detailed the various pharmacological properties of onion and its constituents and possible underlying mechanisms. The results of multiple studies suggested the therapeutic effect of onion on a wide range of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Kianian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,F. K. and N. M. contributed equally to this work
| | - Narges Marefati
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,F. K. and N. M. contributed equally to this work
| | - Marzie Boskabady
- Dental Materials Research Center and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyyedeh Zahra Ghasemi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Theoharides TC. Ways to Address Perinatal Mast Cell Activation and Focal Brain Inflammation, including Response to SARS-CoV-2, in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Pers Med 2021; 11:860. [PMID: 34575637 PMCID: PMC8465360 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continues to increase, but no distinct pathogenesis or effective treatment are known yet. The presence of many comorbidities further complicates matters, making a personalized approach necessary. An increasing number of reports indicate that inflammation of the brain leads to neurodegenerative changes, especially during perinatal life, "short-circuiting the electrical system" in the amygdala that is essential for our ability to feel emotions, but also regulates fear. Inflammation of the brain can result from the stimulation of mast cells-found in all tissues including the brain-by neuropeptides, stress, toxins, and viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, leading to the activation of microglia. These resident brain defenders then release even more inflammatory molecules and stop "pruning" nerve connections, disrupting neuronal connectivity, lowering the fear threshold, and derailing the expression of emotions, as seen in ASD. Many epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between ASD and atopic dermatitis (eczema), asthma, and food allergies/intolerance, all of which involve activated mast cells. Mast cells can be triggered by allergens, neuropeptides, stress, and toxins, leading to disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and activation of microglia. Moreover, many epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between stress and atopic dermatitis (eczema) during gestation, which involves activated mast cells. Both mast cells and microglia can also be activated by SARS-CoV-2 in affected mothers during pregnancy. We showed increased expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-18 and its receptor, but decreased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-38 and its receptor IL-36R, only in the amygdala of deceased children with ASD. We further showed that the natural flavonoid luteolin is a potent inhibitor of the activation of both mast cells and microglia, but also blocks SARS-CoV-2 binding to its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). A treatment approach should be tailored to each individual patient and should address hyperactivity/stress, allergies, or food intolerance, with the introduction of natural molecules or drugs to inhibit mast cells and microglia, such as liposomal luteolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theoharis C. Theoharides
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Suite 304, Boston, MA 02111, USA; ; Tel.: +1-(617)-636-6866; Fax: +1-(617)-636-2456
- School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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27
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An integrated strategy for the identification and screening of anti-allergy components from natural products based on calcium fluctuations and cell extraction coupled with HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6253-6266. [PMID: 34415362 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are a significant public health problem worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with reported anti-allergy effects may be important sources for the development of new anti-allergy drugs. Thus, establishing an analytical method that can simultaneously identify and screen anti-allergic compounds in TCMs is important. The increased concentrations of intracellular calcium ions resulting in mast cell degranulation releasing active mediators play a key role in allergic diseases, which can be used as a potential index to identify anti-allergic herbs and compounds. In this study, we provide a new strategy that was applied to screening natural anti-allergic compounds based on fluorescence calcium ion (Ca2+) fluctuation integrated with cell extract and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). A low-cost, convenient fluorescence detection Ca2+ signaling method was established and successfully applied to identify three herbs. Then, the method was integrated with biospecific cell fishing and HPLC-MS to screen potential active components that have the effect of stabilizing the cell membrane of rat basophilic leukemia granulocytes (RBL-2H3). Seven components, namely, albiflorin and paeoniflorin from Radix Paeoniae Alba, ononin and formononetin from Radix Astragali, cimifugin, 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, and prim-O-glucosylcimifugin from Radix Saposhnikoviae were fished. These seven compounds have the effect of inhibiting cell Ca2+ influx. 4'-O-β-D-Glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, paeoniflorin, ononin, and formononetin significantly inhibit the release of β-hexosaminidase, which is equivalent to the positive drug. In conclusion, the integrated strategy of fluorescence detection calcium ion kinetic method binding with biospecific cell fishing was an effective mode to identify and screen natural anti-allergic compounds.
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28
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Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, Chemical Characterization, and Safety Assessment of Argania spinosa Fruit Shell Extract from South-Western Morocco. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5536030. [PMID: 34395619 PMCID: PMC8357470 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5536030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Argania spinosa (L.) plays an important role in the Moroccan agroeconomy, providing both employment and export revenue. Argan oil production generates different by-products with functionalities that are not yet investigated, in particular, the shell fruit. The present study aims, for the first time, at evaluating the acute and subacute toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of argan fruit shell ethanol extract (AFSEE). The LD50 of AFSEE was determined to be greater than the 5000 mg/kg body weight of mice. No significant variation in the body and organ weights was observed after 28 days of AFSEE treatment compared to that of the control group. Biochemical parameters and histopathological examination revealed no toxic effects of AFSEE. The AFSEE produced a significant inhibition of xylene-induced ear edema in mice. AFSEE reduced significantly the paw edema in mice after carrageenan injection. The chemical characterization showed that AFSEE contains a high level of total phenol content, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and flavanols. The obtained IC50 of DPPH, ABTS, reducing power, and β-carotene demonstrates that AFSEE has a potential antioxidant effect. The results indicate that AFSEE was safe and nontoxic to mice even at higher doses. Furthermore, the present findings demonstrate that AFSEE has potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
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Hafezi B, Chan L, Knapp JP, Karimi N, Alizadeh K, Mehrani Y, Bridle BW, Karimi K. Cytokine Storm Syndrome in SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Functional Role of Mast Cells. Cells 2021; 10:1761. [PMID: 34359931 PMCID: PMC8308097 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storm syndrome is a cascade of escalated immune responses disposing the immune system to exhaustion, which might ultimately result in organ failure and fatal respiratory distress. Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 can result in uncontrolled production of cytokines and eventually the development of cytokine storm syndrome. Mast cells may react to viruses in collaboration with other cells and lung autopsy findings from patients that died from the coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19) showed accumulation of mast cells in the lungs that was thought to be the cause of pulmonary edema, inflammation, and thrombosis. In this review, we present evidence that a cytokine response by mast cells may initiate inappropriate antiviral immune responses and cause the development of cytokine storm syndrome. We also explore the potential of mast cell activators as adjuvants for COVID-19 vaccines and discuss the medications that target the functions of mast cells and could be of value in the treatment of COVID-19. Recognition of the cytokine storm is crucial for proper treatment of patients and preventing the release of mast cell mediators, as impeding the impacts imposed by these mediators could reduce the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Hafezi
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Azadi Square, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran; (B.H.); (N.K.)
| | - Lily Chan
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Jason P. Knapp
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Negar Karimi
- Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Azadi Square, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran; (B.H.); (N.K.)
| | - Kimia Alizadeh
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Yeganeh Mehrani
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Khalil Karimi
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (L.C.); (J.P.K.); (Y.M.)
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30
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Dong L, Li Y, Wu H. Platelet activating-factor acetylhydrolase II: A member of phospholipase A2 family that hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 239:105103. [PMID: 34116047 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular platelet activating-factor acetylhydrolase type II (PAF-AH II) is a 40-kDa monomeric enzyme. It was originally identified as an enzyme that hydrolyzes the acetyl group of PAF (1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). As a member of phospholipase A2 super family, PAF-AH II has broad substrate specificity. It can hydrolyze phospholipids with relatively short-length or oxidatively modified sn-2 chains which endows it with various functions such as protection against oxidative stress, transacetylase activity and producing lipid mediators. PAF-AH II has been proven to be involved in several diseases such as allergic diseases, oxidative stress-induced injury and ischemia injury, thus it has drawn more attention from researchers. In this paper, we outline an entire summary of PAF-AH II, including its structure, substrate specificity, activity assay, inhibitors and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyue Dong
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of TCM Chemistry, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Huali Wu
- Department of TCM Chemistry, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Mast cell stabilizer ketotifen fumarate reverses inflammatory but not neuropathic-induced mechanical pain in mice. Pain Rep 2021; 6:e902. [PMID: 34104835 PMCID: PMC8177879 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Our preclinical findings indicate that ketotifen fumarate's analgesic effects are MC-dependent, and the case series report presented supports its use for the treatment of chronic pain. Introduction: Mast cell (MC) activation could establish a positive feedback loop that perpetuates inflammation and maintains pain. Stabilizing MCs with ketotifen fumarate (KF) may disrupt this loop and relieve pain. Objective: We aimed to test the effect of treatment with KF in pain assays in mice and in a case series of patients with chronic widespread pain. Methods: The analgesic effect of KF was tested in CD-1 mice injected with formalin, complete Freund's adjuvant, or subjected to spared nerve injury. In addition, wild-type (C57BL/6) and MC-deficient (C57BL/6-KitW-sh/W-sh) mice were injected with formalin or complete Freund's adjuvant and treated with KF. Patients with chronic widespread pain (n = 5; age: 13–16 years) who failed to respond to standard of care participated in a 16-week treatment trial with KF (6 mg/d). Ketotifen fumarate's therapeutic effect was evaluated using the patient global impression of change. Results: In the mouse experiments, KF produced dose- and MC-dependent analgesic effects against mechanical allodynia in the acute and chronic inflammatory pain but not neuropathic pain assays. In the patient case series, 4 patients reported that activity limitations, symptoms, emotions, and overall quality of life related to their pain condition were “better” or “a great deal better” since beginning treatment with KF. This was accompanied by improvements in pain comorbid symptoms. Conclusion: Treatment with KF is capable of reducing established inflammatory-induced mechanical nociception in an MC-dependent manner in mice, and it may be beneficial for the treatment of chronic pain conditions.
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32
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Wang C, Shao C, Fang Y, Wang J, Dong N, Shan A. Binding loop of sunflower trypsin inhibitor 1 serves as a design motif for proteolysis-resistant antimicrobial peptides. Acta Biomater 2021; 124:254-269. [PMID: 33508505 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have become powerful drug candidates in the post-antibiotic era, but their low protease stability hinders their clinical application. In the present study, the natural sunflower trypsin inhibitor 1 (SFTI-1) binding loop (CTKSIPPIC) was used to design and synthesize a specific anti-proteolytic sequence template ((RX)n W (RX)n CTKSIPPIC (n = 2, 3; X represents A, I, L, V, F, and W)). After several antibacterial, bactericidal, and toxicity tests, RV3 stood out from the variants and had the highest average selectivity index (SI all = 156.03). It is highly stable in serum, varying pH, temperature, and salt ions as well as under high trypsin, pepsin, or papain concentrations. In a mouse skin inflammation model, established by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, RV3 could effectively kill the pathogen, promote wound healing, inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration, and inhibit mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β inflammatory factors. The antibacterial mechanisms of RV3 include combining with lipopolysaccharides and increasing cell membrane permeability, leading to cell membrane rupture and death. These findings indicate that RV3 has great potential for the treatment of bacterial infections.
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33
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Kianian F, Marefati N, Boskabady M, Ghasemi SZ, Boskabady MH. Pharmacological Properties of Allium cepa, Preclinical and Clinical Evidences; A Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:107-134. [PMID: 34567150 PMCID: PMC8457748 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112781.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Onion or Allium cepa (A. cepa) is one of the most important condiment plants grown and consumed all over the world. This plant has various therapeutic effects attributed to its constituents, such as quercetin, thiosulphinates and phenolic acids. In the present article, various pharmacological and therapeutic effects of A. cepa were reviewed. Different online databases using keywords such as onion, A. cepa, therapeutic effects, and pharmacological effects until the end of December 2019 were searched for this purpose. Onion has been suggested to be effective in treating a broad range of disorders, including asthma, inflammatory disorders, dysentery, wounds, scars, keloids and pain. In addition, different studies have demonstrated that onion possesses numerous pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and anti-platelet properties as well as the effect on bone, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, nervous, respiratory, and urogenital systems effects such as anti-osteoporosis, anti-hypertensive, antispasmodic, anti-diarrheal, neuro-protective, anti-asthmatic and diuretic effects. The present review provides detailed the various pharmacological properties of onion and its constituents and possible underlying mechanisms. The results of multiple studies suggested the therapeutic effect of onion on a wide range of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Kianian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- F. K. and N. M. contributed equally to this work
| | - Narges Marefati
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- F. K. and N. M. contributed equally to this work
| | - Marzie Boskabady
- Dental Materials Research Center and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyyedeh Zahra Ghasemi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hosein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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35
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Pinke KH, Zorzella-Pezavento SFG, Lara VS, Sartori A. Should mast cells be considered therapeutic targets in multiple sclerosis? Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1995-2007. [PMID: 32394947 PMCID: PMC7716037 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.282238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are immune cells of the myeloid lineage that are found throughout the body, including the central nervous system. They perform many functions associated with innate and specific immunity, angiogenesis, and vascular homeostasis. Moreover, they have been implicated in a series of pathologies (e.g., hypersensitivity reactions, tumors, and inflammatory disorders). In this review, we propose that this cell could be a relevant therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis, which is a central nervous system degenerative disease. To support this proposition, we describe the general biological properties of mast cells, their contribution to innate and specific immunity, and the participation of mast cells in the various stages of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis development. The final part of this review is dedicated to an overview of the available mast cells immunomodulatory drugs and their activity on multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, including our own experience related to the effect of ketotifen fumarate on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Henriette Pinke
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Institute of Biosciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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36
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Ud-Din S, Wilgus TA, Bayat A. Mast Cells in Skin Scarring: A Review of Animal and Human Research. Front Immunol 2020; 11:552205. [PMID: 33117341 PMCID: PMC7561364 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.552205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are an important immune cell type in the skin and play an active role during wound healing. MCs produce mediators that can enhance acute inflammation, stimulate re-epithelialisation as well as angiogenesis, and promote skin scarring. There is also a link between MCs and abnormal pathological cutaneous scarring, with increased numbers of MCs found in hypertrophic scars and keloid disease. However, there has been conflicting data regarding the specific role of MCs in scar formation in both animal and human studies. Whilst animal studies have proved to be valuable in studying the MC phenomenon in wound healing, the appropriate translation of these findings to cutaneous wound healing and scar formation in human subjects remains crucial to elucidate the role of these cells and target treatment effectively. Therefore, this perspective paper will focus on evaluation of the current evidence for the role of MCs in skin scarring in both animals and humans in order to identify common themes and future areas for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ud-Din
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Traci A Wilgus
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,MRC-SA Wound Healing Unit, Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Cox A, Wood K, Coleman G, Stewart AJ, Bertin FR, Owen H, Suen WW, Medina-Torres CE. Essential oil spray reduces clinical signs of insect bite hypersensitivity in horses. Aust Vet J 2020; 98:411-416. [PMID: 32761617 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of an herbal spray combining various essential oils, with a claim of mast cell stabilisation, antipruritic, anti-inflammatory, and insect repellent effects on the clinical presentation of insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) in horses. DESIGN Double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised, cross-over clinical trial. METHODS Twenty adult horses with clinical IBH were treated with a daily application of herbal spray or placebo for 28 days in a randomised, cross-over fashion, separated by a>28-day washout period. Horses were examined and scored prior to and after the completion of each treatment. Histopathology was performed on four horses. Owners kept daily diaries of observations. RESULTS The herbal spray significantly reduced the severity of all assessed parameters (pruritus, excoriations, lichenification and alopecia; P < 0.05) compared with baseline values (pretreatment) and with placebo. Owners reported improvement of pruritus in 19/20 horses (95%) with complete resolution in 17 horses (85%) following treatment. Skin biopsies showed resolution of orthokeratosis in 4/4 horses, reduced thickness of the stratum spinosum in 2/4 horses and complete resolution of histopathological abnormalities in 1/4 horses after treatment, compared with either no change or deterioration of histopathologic lesions after placebo. No side effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS The tested herbal spray may be an effective treatment for the management of equine IBH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cox
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Wood
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.,School of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | - G Coleman
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - A J Stewart
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - F-R Bertin
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - H Owen
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.,Vetnostics, QML Pathology, Mansfield, Queensland, Australia
| | - W W Suen
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.,CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - C E Medina-Torres
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
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38
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Saini K, Singh J, Shah R, Kaur J, Singh D, Singh N, Jaggi AS, Chopra DS, Singh RS. Synthesis of 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives as mast cell stabilizers. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Silva FMDCE, de Oliveira EE, Ambrósio MGE, Ayupe MC, de Souza VP, Menegati LM, Reis DRDL, Machado MA, Macedo GC, Ferreira AP. Disodium cromoglycate treatment reduces T H2 immune response and immunohistopathological features in a murine model of Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106422. [PMID: 32251959 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an emergent chronic disease of the esophagus. The immunopathological process in EoE is characterized by Th2 immune response and prominent eosinophilic influx, in response to common food allergens. The classical treatment consists of allergen elimination diet and systemic/topical corticosteroid therapy. Nevertheless, patients do not always comply to treatment, and the prolonged corticosteroid therapy can cause side effects, therefore, there is an immediate need for new therapeutic approach for EoE. Disodium cromoglicate (DSCG) is a substance broadly used in allergic asthma treatment, and a well-known mast cell activation stabilizer. However, its effect in EoE have not been evaluated yet. This study aimed to assess the effects of DSCG treatment in an EoE experimental model. Male Balb/C mice were subcutaneously sensitized for five days with OVA, and subsequently orally OVA-challenged, DSCG administration was performed between the OVA-challenges. DSCG treatment not only reduced eosinophilic and mast cell influx, as well as reduced fibrosis. In addition, tslp, GATA3, IL-5, FoxP3 and IL-10 mRNA expression were reduced in esophageal mucosa, associated with lower Th2 (CD3+CD4+GATA3+IL4+) and B cells (CD19+CD40+) number in peripheral lymphoid organs. In conclusion, the data demonstrate DSCG treatment was effective in reducing mast cell activation and Th2 immune response, important immunopathological EoE features. Therefore, the use of DSCG as an EoE treatment can be considered a promising therapeutic approach to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Márcia de Castro E Silva
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Erick Esteves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Caçador Ayupe
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Viviane Passos de Souza
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Laura Machado Menegati
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gilson Costa Macedo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
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40
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Pal S, Gasheva OY, Zawieja DC, Meininger CJ, Gashev AA. Histamine-mediated autocrine signaling in mesenteric perilymphatic mast cells. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R590-R604. [PMID: 31913658 PMCID: PMC7099465 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00255.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels play a critical role in mounting a proper immune response by trafficking peripheral immune cells to draining lymph nodes. Mast cells (MCs) are well known for their roles in type I hypersensitivity reactions, but little is known about their secretory regulation in the lymphatic niche. MCs, as innate sensor and effector cells, reside close to mesenteric lymphatic vessels (MLVs), and their activation and ability to release histamine influences the lymphatic microenvironment in a histamine-NF-κB-dependent manner. Using an established experimental protocol involving surgical isolation of rat mesenteric tissue segments, including MLVs and surrounding perilymphatic tissues, we tested the hypothesis that perilymphatic mesenteric MCs possess histamine receptors (HRs) that bind and respond to the histamine released from these same MCs. Under various experimental conditions, including inflammatory stimulation by LPS, we measured histamine in mesenteric perilymphatic tissues, evaluated expression of histidine decarboxylase in MCs along with the degree of MC degranulation, assessed the functional status of HRs in MCs, and evaluated the ability of histamine itself to induce MC activation. Finally, we evaluated the importance of MCs and HR1 and -2 for MLV-directed trafficking of CD11b/c-positive cells during acute tissue inflammation. Our data indicate the existence of a functionally potent MC-histamine autocrine regulatory loop, the elements of which are crucially important for acute inflammation-induced trafficking of the CD11b/c-positive cells toward MLVs. This MC-histamine loop serves as a first-line cellular servo control system, playing a key role in the innate and adaptive immune response as well as NF-κB-mediated maintenance of body homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Pal
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Olga Y Gasheva
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - David C Zawieja
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Cynthia J Meininger
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Anatoliy A Gashev
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
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41
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Inhibitory Effect of Centella asiatica Extract on DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in HaCaT Cells and BALB/c Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020411. [PMID: 32033291 PMCID: PMC7071208 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused mainly by immune dysregulation. This study explored the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of the Centella asiatica ethanol extract (CA) on an AD-like dermal disorder. Treatment with CA inhibited the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in a dose-dependent manner in inflammatory stimulated HaCaT cells by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and TNF-α-triggered inflammation. Eight-week-old BALB/c mice treated with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were used as a mouse model of AD. In AD induce model, we had two types treatment of CA; skin local administration (80 µg/cm2, AD+CA-80) and oral administration (200 mg/kg/d, AD+CA-200). Interestingly, the CA-treated groups exhibited considerably decreased mast cell infiltration in the ear tissue. In addition, the expression of IL-6 in mast cells, as well as the expression of various pathogenic cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, iNOS, COX-2, and CXCL9, was reduced in both AD+CA-80 and AD+CA-200 groups. Collectively, our data demonstrate the pharmacological role and signaling mechanism of CA in the regulation of allergic inflammation of the skin, which supports our hypothesis that CA could potentially be developed as a therapeutic agent for AD.
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42
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Nguyen TMN, Le HS, Le BV, Kim YH, Hwang I. Anti-allergic effect of inotodiol, a lanostane triterpenoid from Chaga mushroom, via selective inhibition of mast cell function. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 81:106244. [PMID: 32035309 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inotodiol is a lanostane triterpenoid found only in Chaga mushroom. In the previous study investigating anti-allergic effects of fractionated Chaga mushroom extracts, we have found evidence that purified inotodiol holds an activity to suppress the mast cell function in vivo. To address the therapeutic relevance of the finding, in this study, we investigated whether inotodiol could also alleviate allergy symptoms observed in a chicken ovalbumin (cOVA)-induced mouse model of food allergy. Like the crude 70% ethanol extract of Chaga mushroom (320 mg/kg), oral administration of inotodiol (20 mg/kg), regardless of whether that was for preventive or treatment purpose, resulted in a significant improvement in allergic symptoms and inflammatory lesions in the small intestine appearing after repeated oral challenge with cOVA. Despite the results that inotodiol (20 mg/kg) and the Chaga mushroom extract (320 mg/kg) took effect to a similar extent, immunological mechanisms underlying those effects were found to be distinct from each other. That is, the results obtained from several in vivo assays, including mast cell-mediated passive systemic anaphylaxis, activation/proliferation of adoptively transferred antigen-specific T cells and immunoglobulin (IgG1, IgE, IgA) production by antigen-specific B cells, illustrated that inotodiol selectively inhibited the mast cell function without having any noticeable effect on other immune responses while the crude Chaga mushroom extract indiscriminately suppressed diverse immune responses. The strong anti-allergic activity of inotodiol, along with its remarkable selectivity to mast cell, makes it an excellent therapeutic candidate for food allergy with both high efficacy and outstanding safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Minh Nguyet Nguyen
- Immunology and Immunopharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Son Le
- Immunology and Immunopharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ba Vinh Le
- Natural Products Laboratory, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Natural Products Laboratory, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyu Hwang
- Immunology and Immunopharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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43
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Zhou S, Huang G. Synthesis of anti-allergic drugs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5874-5885. [PMID: 35497436 PMCID: PMC9049304 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10659f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine is formed by the decarboxylation of histidine catalyzed by enzymes. It is an endogenous biologically active substance involved in multiple complex physiological processes as an important chemical transmitter. Histamine receptors have four subtypes, H1, H2, H3 and H4, all of which are G protein coupling receptors (GPCRs) with different physiological functions. Histamine plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of allergic diseases, and the antagonistic effect of histamine has become an important way to study anti-allergic drugs, wherein the anti-allergic drugs used in clinical practice are mainly H1 receptor antagonists. Currently, there are many varieties of H1 receptor antagonists in clinical applications, which can be divided into ethylenediamine antagonists, amino ether antagonists, propylamine antagonists, tricyclic antagonists, piperazine antagonists and piperidine antagonists depending on their chemical structures. This article mainly reviews the research progress of allergic reactions with histamine H1 receptor antagonists and expounds the important aspects of the design and synthesis of various new compounds. Histamine is formed by the decarboxylation of histidine catalyzed by enzymes. It is an endogenous biologically active substance involved in multiple complex physiological processes as an important chemical transmitter.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing
- China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Application
- Active Carbohydrate Research Institute
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing
- China
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44
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Pinke KH, Zorzella-Pezavento SFG, de Campos Fraga-Silva TF, Mimura LAN, de Oliveira LRC, Ishikawa LLW, Fernandes AAH, Lara VS, Sartori A. Calming Down Mast Cells with Ketotifen: A Potential Strategy for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy? Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:218-234. [PMID: 31463682 PMCID: PMC7007452 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by extensive inflammation, demyelination, axonal loss and gliosis. Evidence indicates that mast cells contribute to immunopathogenesis of both MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is the most employed animal model to study this disease. Considering the inflammatory potential of mast cells, their presence at the CNS and their stabilization by certain drugs, we investigated the effect of ketotifen fumarate (Ket) on EAE development. EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice by immunization with MOG35-55 and the animals were injected daily with Ket from the seventh to the 17th day after disease induction. This early intervention with Ket significantly reduced disease prevalence and severity. The protective effect was concomitant with less NLRP3 inflammasome activation, rebalanced oxidative stress and also reduced T cell infiltration at the CNS. Even though Ket administration did not alter mast cell percentage at the CNS, it decreased the local CPA3 and CMA1 mRNA expression that are enzymes typically produced by these cells. Evaluation of the CNS-barrier permeability indicated that Ket clearly restored the permeability levels of this barrier. Ket also triggered an evident lymphadenomegaly due to accumulation of T cells that produced higher levels of encephalitogenic cytokines in response to in vitro stimulation with MOG. Altogether these findings reinforce the concept that mast cells are particularly relevant in MS immunopathogenesis and that Ket, a known stabilizer of their activity, has the potential to be used in MS control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Henriette Pinke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Plinio Pinto e Silva, S/N, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-691, Brazil.
| | - Sofia Fernanda Gonçalves Zorzella-Pezavento
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Plinio Pinto e Silva, S/N, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-691, Brazil
| | - Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Plinio Pinto e Silva, S/N, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-691, Brazil
| | - Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Plinio Pinto e Silva, S/N, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-691, Brazil
| | - Larissa Ragozo Cardoso de Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Plinio Pinto e Silva, S/N, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-691, Brazil
| | - Larissa Lumi Watanabe Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Plinio Pinto e Silva, S/N, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-691, Brazil
| | - Ana Angélica Henrique Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Dr. Plinio Pinto e Silva, S/N, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-691, Brazil
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45
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Weiskirchen R, Meurer SK, Liedtke C, Huber M. Mast Cells in Liver Fibrogenesis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111429. [PMID: 31766207 PMCID: PMC6912398 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells of the myeloid lineage that are present in the connective tissue throughout the body and in mucosa tissue. They originate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and circulate as MC progenitors in the blood. After migration to various tissues, they differentiate into their mature form, which is characterized by a phenotype containing large granules enriched in a variety of bioactive compounds, including histamine and heparin. These cells can be activated in a receptor-dependent and -independent manner. Particularly, the activation of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, also known as FcεRI, that is expressed on the surface of MCs provoke specific signaling cascades that leads to intracellular calcium influx, activation of different transcription factors, degranulation, and cytokine production. Therefore, MCs modulate many aspects in physiological and pathological conditions, including wound healing, defense against pathogens, immune tolerance, allergy, anaphylaxis, autoimmune defects, inflammation, and infectious and other disorders. In the liver, MCs are mainly associated with connective tissue located in the surrounding of the hepatic arteries, veins, and bile ducts. Recent work has demonstrated a significant increase in MC number during hepatic injury, suggesting an important role of these cells in liver disease and progression. In the present review, we summarize aspects of MC function and mediators in experimental liver injury, their interaction with other hepatic cell types, and their contribution to the pathogenesis of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Correspondence: (R.W.) (M.H.)
| | - Steffen K. Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- Correspondence: (R.W.) (M.H.)
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46
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Gunasekaran P, Fan M, Kim EY, Shin JH, Lee JE, Son EJ, Kim J, Hwang E, Yim MS, Kim EH, Choi YJ, Lee YH, Chung YH, Kim HN, Ryu EK, Shin SY, Kim EK, Bang JK. Amphiphilic Triazine Polymer Derivatives as Antibacterial And Anti-atopic Agents in Mice Model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15161. [PMID: 31641232 PMCID: PMC6805867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51561-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the emergence of bacterial resistance and low proteolytic stability of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), herein we developed a series of ultra-short triazine based amphipathic polymers (TZP) that are connected with ethylene diamine linkers instead of protease sensitive amide bond. The most potent oligomers, TZP3 and TZP5 not only displayed potent antibacterial action on various drug-resistant pathogens but also exhibited a strong synergic antibacterial activity in combination with chloramphenicol against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA). Since most of atopic dermatitis (AD) infections are caused by bacterial colonization, we evaluated the potency of TZP3 and TZP5 on AD in vitro and in vivo. In vitro AD analysis of these two polymers showed significant inhibition against the release of β-hexosaminidase and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) from RBL-2H3 cells. In AD-like skin lesions in BALB/c mice model, these two polymers displayed significant potency in suppressing dermal and epidermal thickness, mast cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression. Moreover, these polymers exhibited remarkable efficacy over the allergies caused by the imbalance of Th1/Th2 by regulating total IgE and IgG2a. Finally, the impact of treatment effects of these polymers was examined through analyzing the weights and sizes of spleen and lymph node of AD-induced mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pethaiah Gunasekaran
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Meiqi Fan
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School, and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Shin
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Son
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehi Kim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Hwang
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Su Yim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Choi
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Chung
- Drug & Disease Target Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Nam Kim
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Ryu
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yub Shin
- Department of Medical Science, Graduate School, and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Kyu Bang
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang, Chung Buk, 28119, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Bio-analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Ma P, Che D, Zhao T, Zhang Y, Li C, An H, Zhang T, He H. Magnolin inhibits IgE/Ag-induced allergy in vivo and in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105867. [PMID: 31520994 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) play critical roles in allergic reactions and modulating the activation of MCs could be an effective strategy to treat allergic diseases, which cause a rapidly increasing threat to the public health. Herein, we described that Magnolin, a major component from Flos magnoliae could inhibit IgE-dependent MCs activation. We found Magnolin inhibited IgE/Ag-induced calcium mobilization, degranulation, and cytokines release in LAD2 cells. Magnolin was also found to attenuate IgE/Ag-induced mice paw swelling in a dose-dependent manner. Further mechanistic studies suggested a possible anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects of Magnolin in IgE/Ag-induced anaphylactic reactions. Thereby, Magnolin could be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing mast cell-related immediate and delayed allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Delu Che
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Chaomei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hongli An
- Center for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Huaizhen He
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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48
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Zainab R, Akram M, Daniyal M, Riaz M. Awareness and Current Therapeutics of Asthma. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819870900. [PMID: 31523203 PMCID: PMC6728691 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819870900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Asthma is a serious allergic disorder of the respiratory system. It affects
about 300 million people worldwide. This has a great burden on medical
treatment. Several medicines are available, but they have many serious side
effects. Therefore, there is a need to search for a new therapeutic agent
with no or minimal side effects while most economical for patients. In folk
medicine, antiasthmatics herbal medicine has been used and showed potential
therapeutic antiasthmatic efficacy due to the presence of potential
bioactive compounds. Methods: Different databases were searched (ie, Embase, PubMed, CBM, AMED, and
CINAHL). We have reviewed the published data of the last 20 years. We used
MeSH terms “asthma” herbal treatment of asthma, allopathic treatment of
asthma, and treatment strategies for asthma. The traditional medicine was
compared with modern medicine and the same pharmacotherapies alone or with
placebo. The methodology was evaluated by using the GRADE summary of Finding
tables and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Results: There have been some clear-cut indications toward the recognition of further
molecular and cellular mechanisms of asthma. Most of them recommend a
further target for treatment. The novel procedures, biologics, and
pharmaceuticals are evaluated. Both allopathic and herbal treatments of
asthma are effective. Due to none or lesser side effects, herbal medicines
are safer than conventional medicine. Conclusion: The preliminary documentation of the plants discussed in the review show the
presence of several secondary metabolites that are responsible for the
management of asthma and its relevant complications. Further research
studies are needed to identify the bioactive compounds from these plants
that have potential efficacy to cure asthma, and clinically based studies
are needed to search for a complete cure for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Zainab
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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49
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Zheng PY, Geng XR, Hong JY, Yang G, Liu JQ, Mo LH, Feng Y, Zhang YY, Liu T, Ran P, Liu ZG, Yang PC. Regulating Bcl2L12 expression in mast cells inhibits food allergy. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:4982-4992. [PMID: 31410196 PMCID: PMC6691383 DOI: 10.7150/thno.34001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Mast cells play a crucial role in allergic diseases. Yet, the regulation of mast cell bioactivities is not fully understood. This study aims to elucidate the role of B cell lymphoma 2 like protein 12 (Bcl2L12), one of the anti-apoptosis proteins, in regulating mast cell apoptosis. Methods: A food allergy (FA) mouse model was developed to establish mast cell over population in the intestinal tissue. Either compound 48/80 (C48/80) or specific antigens were used to activate mast cells in the intestinal mucosa. Results: After treating with C48/80, apoptosis was induced in mast cells of the intestine of naive control mice, but not in FA mice. The expression of Fas ligand (FasL) was lower in the mast cells of FA mice. Interleukin (IL)-5 was responsible for the suppression of FasL by upregulating the expression of Bcl2L12 in mast cells. Bcl2L12 prevented c-Myc, the major transcription factor of FasL, from binding the FasL promoter to inhibit the expression of FasL in mast cells. Inhibition of Bcl2L12 restored the apoptosis machinery of mast cells in the FA mouse intestine. Conclusions: The apoptosis machinery in mast cells is impaired in an allergic environment. Inhibition of Bcl2L12 restores the apoptosis machinery in mast cells in the FA mouse intestine.
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50
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Zhao T, Hu S, Ma P, Che D, Liu R, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li C, Ding Y, Fu J, An H, Gao Z, Zhang T. Neohesperidin suppresses IgE‐mediated anaphylactic reactions and mast cell activation via Lyn‐PLC‐Ca
2+
pathway. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2034-2043. [PMID: 31197891 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Shiling Hu
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Pengyu Ma
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Delu Che
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Rui Liu
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Jue Wang
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Chaomei Li
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Jia Fu
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Hongli An
- Center for Translational MedicineFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Zijun Gao
- Department of AnesthesiologyXi'an Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
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