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Ismail ET, El-Son MAM, El-Gohary FA, Zahran E. Prevalence, genetic diversity, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio spp. infected gilthead sea breams from coastal farms at Damietta, Egypt. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:129. [PMID: 38561778 PMCID: PMC10986055 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vibriosis is one of the most serious bacterial diseases and causes high morbidity and mortality among cultured sea breams. This study was undertaken to track the surveillance of Vibrio infection and its correlation to environmental factors. A total of 115 gilthead sea breams were collected seasonally from a private earthen pond fish farm in the Shatta area of Damietta, Egypt from September 2022 to July 2023. Physicochemical parameters of water were analyzed, and heavy metal levels were measured. The fish samples were subjected to clinical, bacteriological, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) fingerprinting, and hematoxylin and Eosin histopathological staining. RESULTS The results revealed significant variations in the water quality parameters over different seasons, in addition to an increase in heavy metals. Naturally infected fish showed external signs and postmortem lesions that were relevant to bacterial infection. Two dominant Vibrio subspecies of bacteria were identified: V. alginolyticus (205 isolates) and V. fluvialis (87 isolates). PCR confirmed the presence of V. alginolyticus using the species-specific primer collagenase at 737 bp. The highest prevalence of V. alginolyticus was detected during the summer season (57.72%), and the lowest prevalence was observed in autumn (39.75%). The correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between V. alginolyticus and water temperature (r = 0.69). On the other hand, V. fluvialis showed a high prevalence during the autumn season (25.30%) and the lowest prevalence during the summer season (10.56%), where it was negatively correlated with water temperatures (r =-0.03). ERIC fingerprinting showed genetic variation within the Vibrio isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and doxycycline, and resistance to amoxicillin and erythromycin. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index values for V. alginolyticus and V. fluvialis ranged from 0.3 to 0.7, with a multi-drug resistance pattern to at least three antibiotics. Histopathological alterations in the affected tissues revealed marked hemorrhage, vascular congestion, and hemosiderosis infiltration. CONCLUSION This study provides insights into the potential propagation of waterborne diseases and antibiotic resistance in the environment. Ensuring that the environment does not serve as a reservoir for virulent and contagious Vibrio species is a critical concern for regional aquaculture industries. Therefore, we recommend implementing environmental context-specific monitoring and surveillance tools for microbial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Tawfeek Ismail
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mai A M El-Son
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Fatma A El-Gohary
- Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Eman Zahran
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Chen M, Wan Q, Xu M, Chen Z, Guo S. Transcriptome Analysis of Host Anti-Vibrio harveyi Infection Revealed the Pathogenicity of V. harveyi to American Eel (Anguilla rostrata). MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:306-323. [PMID: 38367180 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi, a recently discovered pathogenic bacterium isolated from American eels (Anguilla rostrata), poses uncertainties regarding its pathogenesis in American eel and the molecular mechanisms underlying host defense against V. harveyi infection. This study aimed to determine the LD50 of V. harveyi in American eel and assess the bacterial load in the liver, spleen, and kidney post-infection with the LD50 dose. The results showed that the LD50 of V. harveyi via intraperitoneal injection in American eels over a 14d period was determined to be 1.24 × 103 cfu/g body weight (6.2 × 104 cfu/fish). The peak bacterial load occurred at 36 h post-infection (hpi) in all three organs examined. Histopathology analysis revealed hepatic vein congestion and thrombi, tubular vacuolar degeneration, and splenic bleeding. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results indicated significant up or downregulation of 18 host immune- or anti-infection-related genes post 12 to 60 hpi following the infection. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) unveiled 7 hub differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 11 encoded proteins play crucial roles in the anti-V. harveyi response in American eels. This study firstly represents the comprehensive report on the pathogenicity of V. harveyi to American eels and RNA-seq of host's response to V. harveyi infection. These findings provide valuable insights into V. harveyi pathogenesis and the strategies employed by the host's immune system at the transcriptomic level to combat V. harveyi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Qijuan Wan
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Zhu T, Kong M, Li C, Shao C. Exosomal miRNAs in the plasma of Cynoglossus semilaevis infected with Vibrio harveyi: Pleiotropic regulators and potential biomarkers involved in inflammatory and immune responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:949670. [PMID: 36059498 PMCID: PMC9433998 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.949670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with diameters ranging from ~50 to 150 nm. Incorporating diverse biological substances and being present extensively in biofluids, exosomes are involved in intracellular communication in various physiological and pathological processes and emerging as promising biomarkers for the prognosis and diagnosis of many diseases. Accumulating evidence shows that exosomes also play important roles in the inflammatory and immune responses to bacterial infection. However, the study of exosomes in teleost fish remains scarce. In the present study, we focused on the exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma of Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) in response to Vibrio harveyi infection. After bacterial challenge, the plasma was sampled at both the early (6 and 16 h) and late stages. (48, 72, and 96 h) of infection, followed by exosome isolation and exosomal miRNA sequencing. Results showed that the expression profile of 85 exosomal miRNAs was significantly different among the control, early-, and late-infection groups. The predictive genes targeted by exosomal miRNAs were extensively involved in various inflammatory and immune processes by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, suggesting that a series of processes were regulated by exosomal miRNAs in the plasma, including the pathogen invasion and recognition and the activation and regulation of signaling pathways related to cytokine production. Moreover, the spleen was found to be a preference for exosome enrichment and the underlying mechanism of interleukin-6 production regulated by ZC3H12A, ARID5A, and exosomal ssa-miR-146a-5p were probably present in Chinese tongue sole. Additionally, the enhanced levels of ssa-miR-146a-5p and nbr-miR-731 in plasma exosomes and the spleen of the infection groups were identified, indicating their application as biomarkers in favor of the prognosis and diagnosis of V. harveyi infection in Chinese tongue sole. Therefore, the collective results in the present study indicated the pleiotropic roles of exosomal miRNAs in the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses and their potential utilization as biomarkers in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Zhu
- Key Lab of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ming Kong
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen Li
- Key Lab of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Changwei Shao
- Key Lab of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Changwei Shao,
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Strem RI, Ehrlich R, Shashar N, Sharon G. First description of Vibrio harveyi as the causative agent of morbidity and mortality in farmed flathead grey mullet Mugil cephalus. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2022; 154:33-48. [PMID: 37318383 DOI: 10.3354/dao03724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flathead grey mullet Mugil cephalus is an important species in the aquaculture industry in the Mediterranean basin and throughout the world. During the last 10 yr, M. cephalus breeding stocks, larvae, and juveniles cultured in Eilat (Israel) have shown neurological signs such as uncoordinated circular swimming, while also presenting oral hemorrhages. Death follows days after the onset of the clinical signs, and mortality rates may reach 80% in some cases, causing high economical losses. Bacteriology isolations from different organs, including the brain, and a Koch's postulate experiment, confirmed Vibrio harveyi as the causative agent. Histological analyses showed the presence of the bacterium in different organs. However, in the brain, the bacterium was observed only within blood vessels and meninges. In some samples, mild to severe brain tissue damage was seen. In order to understand the virulence and lethality of V. harveyi, a median lethal dose was calculated, and the result was 106 colony-forming units fish-1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that describes V. harveyi isolated from the brain of M. cephalus and validates it as an etiological agent causing neurological signs in this fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Ines Strem
- Department of Life Sciences, Eilat Campus, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 8855630 Israel
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Gao D, Lei W, Wang C, Ni P, Cui X, Huang X, Ye S. RNA-Sequencing Analysis of the Spleen and Gill of Takifugu rubripes in Response to Vibrio harveyi Infection. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:813988. [PMID: 35174239 PMCID: PMC8841829 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.813988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Takifugu rubripes is commonly subjected to the disease-causing bacterium, Vibrio harveyi. However, the mechanism involved in the immune response of T. rubripes to V. harveyi infection is unclear. We conducted a transcriptomic analysis of the spleen and gill from T. rubripes infected with V. harveyi. We obtained 60,981,357 and 60,760,550 clean reads from the control and infected spleens, and 57,407,586 and 57,536,651 clean reads from the control and infected gills, respectively. We also identified 1,560 and 1,213 differentially expressed genes in the spleen and gill, respectively. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the most enriched biological process in both the spleen and gill was "immune response". The most enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes immune response-related pathways were the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway in the spleen and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction in the gill. We found 10 candidate immune-related genes in the spleen and gill. These putative immune pathways and candidate genes will provide insight into the immune response mechanisms of T. rubripes against V. harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Lei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Restoration, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, China
| | - Chenshi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Ping Ni
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Xindi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Shigen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
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6
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Zhao N, Deng Q, Zhu C, Zhang B. Mucus piRNAs profiles of Vibrio harveyi-infected Cynoglossus semilaevis: A hint for fish disease monitoring. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:165-175. [PMID: 34741552 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, is an important cultured flatfish species. Vibrio harveyi is a common pathogen to this fish, which may result in great economic loss to C. semilaevis culture industry. piRNAs, a non-coding RNAs with 26-32 nt, have been regarded as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and fish diseases. Here, we extracted the RNA from mucus of C. semilaevis and constructed the differential expression profiles of piRNAs between the sick fish (MS) and healthy fish (MC). We identified 45,696 differentially expressed piRNAs including 22,735 up-regulated piRNAs and 22,961 down-regulated piRNAs in MS group compared with MC group. The GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the differential piRNAs were carried out. The result showed immunity-related target genes mainly involved in immune system process, response to stimulus, cell killing, immune system, infectious diseases and cell growth and death. The 10 most differentially expressed piRNAs were chosen to perform the qRT-PCR, while only seven piRNAs were consistent with the sequence result. Compared with MC group, the expression levels of piR-mmu-72173>piR-rno-62831>piR-xtr-704880, piR-dme-15546979, piR-mmu-49941660, piR-mmu-29283297 and piR-mmu-1758399 were significantly lower, and piR-gga-10574 and piR-gga-134812 were significantly higher in MS group. These piRNAs may be potential biomarkers during the V. harveyi infection of C. semilaevis. This study could provide a new method to identify the infection status of C. semilaevis and understand better about the innate and adaptive immune system in C. semilaevis during bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Southern Marine science and engineering Guangdong laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuxia Deng
- Southern Marine science and engineering Guangdong laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunhua Zhu
- Southern Marine science and engineering Guangdong laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Southern Marine science and engineering Guangdong laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin, China
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7
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Fu S, Ni P, Yang Q, Hu H, Wang Q, Ye S, Liu Y. Delineating the key virulence factors and intraspecies divergence of Vibrio harveyi via whole-genome sequencing. Can J Microbiol 2020; 67:231-248. [PMID: 32941745 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is one of the major pathogens in aquaculture. To identify the key virulence factors affecting pathogenesis of V. harveyi towards fish, we conducted a field investigation for three representative fish farms infected with V. harveyi. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome sequencing were conducted to delineate the phylogenetic relationship and genetic divergence of V. harveyi. A total of 25 V. harveyi strains were isolated from the diseased fish and groundwater and were subtyped into 12 sequence types by MLST. Five virulence genes, mshB, pilA, hutR, ureB, and ureG, were variably presented in the sequenced strains. The virulence gene profiles strongly correlated with the distinct pathogenicity of V. harveyi strains, with a strain harboring all five genes exhibiting the highest virulence towards fish. Phenotype assay confirmed that reduced virulence correlated with decreased motility and biofilm formation ability. Additionally, three types of type VI secretion system, namely T6SS1, T6SS2, and T6SS3, were identified in V. harveyi strains, which can be classified into six, four, and 12 subtypes, respectively. In conclusion, the results indicated that the virulence level of V. harveyi is mainly determined by the above virulence genes, which may play vital roles in environmental adaptation for V. harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzhe Fu
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ni
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Huizhi Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, School of Resources and Environment, Hubei University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qingyao Wang
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Shigen Ye
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Ministry of Education, Dalian, P.R. China
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Zhang XH, He X, Austin B. Vibrio harveyi: a serious pathogen of fish and invertebrates in mariculture. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 2:231-245. [PMID: 32419972 PMCID: PMC7223180 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-020-00037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi, which belongs to family Vibrionaceae of class Gammaproteobacteria, includes the species V. carchariae and V. trachuri as its junior synonyms. The organism is a well-recognized and serious bacterial pathogen of marine fish and invertebrates, including penaeid shrimp, in aquaculture. Diseased fish may exhibit a range of lesions, including eye lesions/blindness, gastro-enteritis, muscle necrosis, skin ulcers, and tail rot disease. In shrimp, V. harveyi is regarded as the etiological agent of luminous vibriosis in which affected animals glow in the dark. There is a second condition of shrimp known as Bolitas negricans where the digestive tract is filled with spheres of sloughed-off tissue. It is recognized that the pathogenicity mechanisms of V. harveyi may be different in fish and penaeid shrimp. In shrimp, the pathogenicity mechanisms involved the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, and extracellular proteases, and interaction with bacteriophages. In fish, the pathogenicity mechanisms involved extracellular hemolysin (encoded by duplicate hemolysin genes), which was identified as a phospholipase B and could inactivate fish cells by apoptosis, via the caspase activation pathway. V. harveyi may enter the so-called viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, and resuscitation of the VBNC cells may be an important reason for vibriosis outbreaks in aquaculture. Disease control measures center on dietary supplements (including probiotics), nonspecific immunostimulants, and vaccines and to a lesser extent antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Xinxin He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Brian Austin
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA Scotland, UK
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Liu Q, Xu M, Sun Z, Ye H, Mai K, Tan X, Zou C, Chen S, Su N, Zhou Y, Chen L, Ye C. Effects of dietary monocalcium phosphate supplementation on the anti-oxidative capacity, anti-bacteria function in immune organs of obscure puffer (Takifugu obscurus) after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:843-852. [PMID: 31756454 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to explore the impaired anti-bacteria ability in immune organs and immune systems of obscure puffer induced by chronic dietary phosphorus (P) deficiency. Fish were fed diets supplemented with 6 g/kg P (P6) and 0 g/kg P (P0) respectively for 15 weeks, and lower final body weight, feed intake, weight gain, whole body P content and bone P content were observed in fish fed P0 diet (P < 0.05). Then the fish were continued to feed for 3 weeks and intraperitoneal injection with PBS (P6+PBS) and Aeromonas hydrophila (A.hydrophila) (P6 + A.hydrophila and P0 + A.hydrophila), and sampled at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. The results showed that dietary P deficiency lowered survival rate, total hemocyte count, whereas enhanced ROS production and apoptosis rate of obscure puffer compared to the 6 g/kg P supplemented group after infection. Moreover, compared to the P sufficient group, puffer fish fed P deficient diet decreased the expressions of antioxidant genes catalase (cat) and glutathione reductase (gr), immune-related genes toll-like receptor 2 (tlr-2) and anti-inflammatory factors transforming growth factor β1 (tgf-β1) and interleukin 11 (il-11) while increased pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α), interleukin 1β (il-1β) and interleukin 8 (il-8) in head kidney post-infection. In addition, dietary P deficiency decreased the hepatic gene expressions of anti-apoptotic factor B-cell lymphoma 2 (bcl-2) and bax-inhibitor 1 (bi-1), accompanied by increasing the mRNA expressions of pro-apoptotic factor caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 compared to the P sufficient group after A.hydrophila infection. In conclusion, dietary P deficiency impaired the anti-bacteria function of the immune system as well as immune organs by increasing oxidative stress and aggravating the inflammatory response and apoptosis in obscure puffer under the A.hydrophila challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Liu
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Minglei Xu
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Zhenzhu Sun
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Huaqun Ye
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Tan
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Cuiyun Zou
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Shu Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Ningning Su
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Leling Chen
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Chaoxia Ye
- Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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10
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Li R, Zhou C, Ye S, Men L, Liu Y, Fu S. Mitochondrial genome sequencing of the monogenean Heterobothrium okamotoi isolated from the tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes in North China. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:3051-3052. [PMID: 33365851 PMCID: PMC7706808 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1666671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, monogenean Heterobothium okamotoi was isolated and identified from the gill of diseased Tiger puffer (T. rubripes) at an industrial farm in Liaoning, North China (121.3459 E, 38.9861 N). With the completion of H. okamotoi mitochondrial genome sequencing, the full-length mitochondrial genome of H. okamotoi was assembled and analyzed. All results indicate that the complete mitochondrial genome of H. okamotoi was 14,643 bp. There were 2 rRNAs, 20 tRNAs, and 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs) all located at the heavy (H) strand. Besides, the phylogenetic tree of 19 monogeneans was constructed. The results showed that H. okamotoi and Pseudochauhanea macrorchis were clustered in a clade. To sum up, our research results would further provide essential data for systematics and evolution study of H. okamotoi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Li
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Ministry of Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Fisheries, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Shigen Ye
- Agriculture and Rural Affairs Ministry of Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Fisheries, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Men
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Songzhe Fu
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
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11
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Furtado WE, Cardoso L, Figueredo AB, Marchiori NC, Martins ML. Histological and hematological alterations of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen highly parasitized by Lernaea cyprinacea. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2019; 135:157-168. [PMID: 31392968 DOI: 10.3354/dao03386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the histological and hematological alterations of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) against intense parasitism by anchor worm Lernaea cyprinacea Linnaeus, 1758. Thirteen fish specimens were collected at the Fish Genetic Improvement Unit (EPAGRI/CEDAP), Brazil. After acclimatization, the fish were anesthetized for blood collection, and the samples were used for counting thrombocytes, total leukocytes, differential leukocytes and for quantification of total erythrocytes. Afterwards, the animals were euthanized, the parasites removed and quantified, and the portions of the affected tegument fixed in 10% buffered formalin. All the analyzed animals were parasitized by L. cyprinacea with mean intensity of 192 specimens per fish. The hematological profile of the animals was different from that reported for healthy fish. Immature leukocytes were the most abundant cells, followed by monocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and periodic acid-Schiff-positive granular leukocytes. A small number of neutrophils were present in the bloodstream of parasitized fish, while histological examination evidenced the accumulation of this cell type near the place of infection by the parasite. Total leukocytes correlated significantly and positively (r = 0.6, p = 0.030) with the intensity of L. cyprinacea infection and the fish weight. Histological changes included hemorrhage, liquefactive necrosis and connective tissue disarrangement, necrosis, granulomatous inflammation, mononuclear and polynuclear inflammation, as well as hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the alarm and mucous cells. The L. cyprinacea infection intensity caused deleterious changes both in the hematological profile and the integument of R. quelen, confirming the pathogenic potential of this parasite to the affected fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Eduardo Furtado
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Ad. Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
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12
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Peng H, Yang B, Li B, Cai Z, Cui Q, Chen M, Liu X, Yang X, Jiang C. Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the gene expression profiles in the liver and spleen of Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) in response to Vibrio harveyi infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:308-316. [PMID: 31059812 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) is one of the main marine aquatic fish species cultured in Asia due to its high nutritional value. In recent years, disease caused by Vibrio harveyi infections have led to serious mortality in Japanese pufferfish industry. To understand the complex molecular mechanisms between V. harveyi and Japanese pufferfish, we performed a transcriptome analysis of liver and spleen samples from Japanese pufferfish at 1 and 2 day post-infection. Between-group comparisons revealed 922 genes that were significantly differentially expressed. The altered genes emphasized the function in several immune related pathways including MAPK signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and lysosomal pathway. The data generated in this study provided insight into the responses of Japanese pufferfish against V. harveyi at the transcriptome level, promoting our comprehensive understanding of immune responses for aquatic animal against V. harveyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Boxue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Boyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhonglu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qianjin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Mingkang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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13
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Soto-Rodriguez SA, Lozano-Olvera R, Abad-Rosales SM, Martínez-Brown JM, Ibarra-Castro L. Susceptibility of Pacific white snook Centropomus viridis to Vibrio species. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2019; 134:189-195. [PMID: 31120036 DOI: 10.3354/dao03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To examine the pathogenicity of Vibrio strains, several doses of Vibrio harveyi (CAIM 1622 and CAIM 1508), Vibrio ponticus (CAIM 1751) and Vibrio anguillarum (CAIM 8) were used to challenge Pacific white snook Centropomus viridis Lockington, 1877 juveniles, and survival, gross signs and histological lesions were observed. Susceptibility of pathogenic vibrios CAIM 1508 and CAIM 1751 to antibiotics used in aquaculture was also evaluated. The growth ability of the tested strains was not related to their pathogenicity. One of the V. harveyi strains (CAIM 1508) was the most virulent, causing per-acute septicaemia in C. viridis even at a low dose (1.4 × 104 CFU g-1). Although the V. ponticus strain (CAIM 1751) was less virulent, this is the first report of it as a pathogen of white snook. Fish challenged with V. ponticus displayed external, generalized haemorrhaging. Necrosis of the digestive tract and intravascular haemosiderosis were the most remarkable histological lesions in fish challenged with both strains. Multifocal necrosis of the internal organs and bacterial masses was also observed. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration of the pathogenic strains (CAIM 1508 and CAIM 1751) was calculated for enrofloxacin (20 and 10 µg ml-1, respectively), and both bacteria were resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Soto-Rodriguez
- CIAD, AC Mazatlan Unit for Aquaculture and Environmental Management, 82112 Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico
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14
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Chen M, Liu X, Zhou J, Wang X, Liu R, Peng H, Li B, Cai Z, Jiang C. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of galectins in Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) in response to Vibrio harveyi infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:347-354. [PMID: 30500549 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of proteins with conserved carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) that bind to specific glycans, including the glycans on the surface of pathogens, and therefore play a role in cytokine secretion, cell activation, migration, adhesion and apoptosis. Currently, galectins have been extensively studied in mammalian species but rarely studied in teleost fish species. In this study, a total of 12 galectin genes were characterized to understand the molecular mechanisms of galectin function in Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes). Phylogenetic analyses and syntenic analyses confirmed their correct annotation and suggested the strongest relationships to tetraodon. Furthermore, expression analyses were conducted in healthy tissues of Japanese pufferfish and after infection with Vibrio harveyi in the intestine, liver and spleen. The results showed that galectin genes were widely expressed in all examined tissues; however, most of the galectin genes were highly expressed in mucosal tissues (skin, gill and intestine). Moreover, majority of the galectin genes were significantly regulated after V. harveyi infection in the intestine, liver and spleen, suggesting that galectins were involved in the immune response to V. harveyi infection in Japanese pufferfish. This study established the foundation for future studies of galectin gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ruiting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hongyu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Boyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhonglu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Mohamad N, Mohd Roseli FA, Azmai MNA, Saad MZ, Md Yasin IS, Zulkiply NA, Nasruddin NS. Natural Concurrent Infection of Vibrio harveyi and V. alginolyticus in Cultured Hybrid Groupers in Malaysia. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2019; 31:88-96. [PMID: 30536485 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In September 2016, a marine fish farm operator in Selangor, Malaysia, reported a disease outbreak affecting juvenile hybrid groupers (Camouflage Grouper Epinephelus polyphekadion × Tiger Grouper E. fuscoguttatus). The average daily mortality was 120 fish, resulting in a cumulative mortality rate of 29% within 10 d. The affected hybrid groupers displayed lethargy, excessive mucus production, rotten fins, congestion of livers and kidneys, and enlargement of spleens. Microscopically, general congestion of the brains and internal organs was evident. Vibrio harveyi and V. alginolyticus were successfully isolated from the diseased fish. The isolated pathogens were found to be sensitive to oxytetracycline and tetracycline, but resistant towards ampicillin and vancomycin. Experimental infections using the isolated V. harveyi (108 CFU/mL), V. alginolyticus (108 CFU/mL), and concurrent infection by V. harveyi (108 CFU/mL) and V. alginolyticus (108 CFU/mL) in juvenile Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer resulted in 60, 100, and 100% mortality, respectively, within 240 h postinfection. The experimentally infected Asian Seabass demonstrated similar clinical signs and histopathological changes as the naturally infected hybrid groupers. However, concurrently infected fish demonstrated severe clinical signs and histopathological changes compared with single infections. These results suggest that both isolates of Vibrio are pathogenic to fish and responsible for the disease outbreak. However, concurrent infection involving V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi leads to a more devastating impact to the cultured fish. This is the first report of concurrent Vibrio infection in cultured marine fish in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurliyana Mohamad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fauzul Aidil Mohd Roseli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Noor Amal Azmai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zamri Saad
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ina Salwany Md Yasin
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Amalina Zulkiply
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin
- Department of Clinical Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Nishiki I, Minami T, Murakami A, Hoai TD, Fujiwara A. Multilocus sequence analysis of Vibrionaceae isolated from farmed amberjack and the development of a multiplex PCR assay for the detection of pathogenic species. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:1295-1301. [PMID: 29882274 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Since 2011, high mortality rates and symptoms consistent with vibriosis have been observed in farmed amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in Japan. To identify 41 strains isolated from diseased amberjack, a multilocus sequence analysis using nine concatenated genes (ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH, recA, rpoA, topA and 16S rRNA) was conducted. Twenty-seven strains were identified as Vibrio harveyi, suggesting an epidemic of V. harveyi infection in amberjack farms. Other strains were identified as Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio owensii and Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. To develop an efficient diagnostic method for vibriosis in amberjack, a multiplex PCR system was developed to identify V. anguillarum, V. harveyi and P. damselae subsp. damselae. The method successfully discriminated between these three bacterial species, with amplification products of 350 bp for V. anguillarum, 545 bp for V. harveyi and 887 bp for P. damselae subsp. damselae and can be used for diagnosis in aquaculture farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Nishiki
- Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biosciences, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Minami
- Miyazaki Prefectural Fisheries Research Institute, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ayana Murakami
- Advanced Technology Development Center, Kyoritsu Seiyaku Corporation, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Truong Dinh Hoai
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Atushi Fujiwara
- Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biosciences, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama, Japan
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17
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Wang H, Zhu F, Huang Y, Ding Y, Jian J, Wu Z. Construction of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) DNA vaccine and its protective efficiency on the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) challenged with Vibrio harveyi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 60:529-536. [PMID: 27836725 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The main aims of this study were to construct glutathione peroxidase (GPx) DNA vaccine of Vibrio harveyi ZJ0603 and to investigate its immune protective efficiency as a vaccine candidate on the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) treated with V. harveyi. Base on the cloning of ZJ0603 GPx gene, a DNA vaccine, named as pcDNA-GPx, was constructed by inserting GPx gene into pcDNA3.1 (+) plasmid. Orange-spotted groupers were immunized with the pcDNA-GPx plasmid by injection intramuscularly. The relative percent of survival (RPS) of fish vaccinated with the DNA vaccine against pathogenic V. harveyi infection was 77.5%. The expression of DNA vaccine was analyzed in the tissues of orange-spotted grouper by PCR and RT-PCR. The results indicated that pcDNA-GPx distributed and expressed in the head kidney, liver, spleen, gill and injected muscle at 7 and 28 days after vaccination. Significant specific antibody responses were also detected in the vaccinated orange-spotted groupers by indirect ELISA method. In a conclusion, DNA vaccine pcDNA-GPx showed an effective immune protection to the orange-spotted grouper treated with V. harveyi. The GPx can be used as a candidate DNA vaccine for the control of vibriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Wang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yucong Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Jichang Jian
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zaohe Wu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510550, China
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Biswas G, Bilen S, Kono T, Sakai M, Hikima JI. Inflammatory immune response by lipopolysaccharide-responsive nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 55:21-31. [PMID: 26472618 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Some of NOD-like receptors (NLRs), the cytosolic pattern recognition receptors form a multi-protein complex, inflammasome consisting of one or more NLRs, the adaptor protein ASC and inflammatory caspase to generate mature inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. However, inflammasome-mediated inflammatory cascade involving any NLR member is unknown in a lower vertebrate like fish. Also, inflammatory cytokine induction pathway in response to a specific ligand, namely bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has not yet been clarified. Therefore, 13 predicted NLR sequences of the Japanese pufferfish, Fugu (Takifugu rubripes) were retrieved in silico and categorized as NLR-C1∼13. Expression analysis of these genes in Fugu head kidney (HK) cells stimulated with a heat-killed Lactobacillus paracasei spp. paracasei (Lpp), LPS, nigericin and a combination of nigericin + LPS showed consistent up-regulations of NLR-C1, 5, 7, 10 and 12 genes in both Lpp and LPS stimulations and NLR-C9 gene in LPS stimulation only. However, nigericin and nigericin + LPS caused an increased expression of NLR-C10 and 12 in HK cells and leukocytes. Fugu treated with Lpp and LPS (in vivo), and infected with Vibrio harveyi had an elevated expression of NLR-C10 and 12. Increased transcription of caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and IL-18 was recorded in nigericin-stimulated HK cells and leukocytes. Results suggested activation of probable inflammasome-mediated inflammatory cytokine response in Fugu. Moreover, LPS may be a key ligand that induces some of the Fugu NLR-Cs (NLR-C9, 10 and 12). Further characterization and functional analysis of Fugu NLR-C10 and 12 for ligand sensing, and processing of pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1β would elucidate the inflammasome evolution in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Biswas
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Soner Bilen
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37200, Turkey
| | - Tomoya Kono
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Hikima
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
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19
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Biswas G, Kinoshita S, Kono T, Hikima JI, Sakai M. Evolutionary evidence of tumor necrosis factor super family members in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes): Comprehensive genomic identification and expression analysis. Mar Genomics 2015; 22:25-36. [PMID: 25792259 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its superfamily (TNFSF) members are important inflammatory cytokines. Although fish have fourteen TNFSF genes, their genomic location and existence are yet to be described and confirmed in the Japanese pufferfish (Fugu) (Takifugu rubripes). Therefore, we conducted in silico identification, synteny analysis of TNFSF genes from Fugu with that of zebrafish and human TNFSF loci and their expression analysis in various tissues. We identified ten novel TNFSF genes, viz. TNFSF5 (CD40L), TNFSF6 (FasL), three TNFSF10 (TRAIL) (-1, 2 and 3), TNFSF11 (RANKlg), TNFSF12 (TWEAK), two TNFSF13B (BAFF) (1 and 2) and TNFSF14 (LIGHT) belonging to seven TNFSFs in Fugu. Several features such as existence of TNF family signature, conservation of genes in TNF loci with human and zebrafish chromosomes and phylogenetic clustering with other teleost TNFSF orthologs confirmed their identity. Fugu TNFSF genes were constitutively expressed in all eight different tissues with most of them expressed highly in liver. Fugu TNFSF10 gene has three homologs present on chromosomes 10 (TNFSF10-1), 8 (TNFSF10-2) and 2 (TNFSF10-3). Moreover, a phylogenetic analysis containing all available vertebrate (mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish) TNFSF10 orthologs showed that Fugu TNFSF10-1 and 10-3 are present in all vertebrates, whereas TNFSF10-2 was not related to any mammalian and avian orthologs. Viral double-stranded RNA mimic poly (I:C) caused an elevated expression of three Fugu TNFSF10 genes in head kidney cells at 4h indicating probable role of these genes to induce apoptosis in virus-infected cells. In conclusion, Fugu possesses genes belonging to nine TNFSFs including the newly identified seven and previously reported two, TNFSF New (TNF-N) and TNFSF2 (TNF-α). Our findings would add up information to TNFSF evolution among vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Biswas
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kinoshita
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Tomoya Kono
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Hikima
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
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20
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Cytokine mediated immune responses in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) administered with heat-killed Lactobacillus paracasei spp. paracasei (06TCa22) isolated from the Mongolian dairy product. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:358-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yu LP, Hu YH, Sun BG, Sun L. Immunological study of the outer membrane proteins of Vibrio harveyi: insights that link immunoprotectivity to interference with bacterial infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:1293-1300. [PMID: 23932987 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a bacterial pathogen that affects marine vertebrates and invertebrates. In this study, we identified 13 outer membrane proteins (OMPs) from a pathogenic V. harveyi strain and analyzed their immunological properties. In vivo immunogenicity analysis showed that antibodies specific to recombinant proteins of the 13 OMPs were detected in the antiserum of V. harveyi-infected rat. When used as subunit vaccines to immunize Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), all OMPs were able to elicit specific serum antibody production in the vaccinated fish; however, only two OMPs (OMP173 and OMP214) induced high levels (>70%) of relative percent survival. Pre-incubation of V. harveyi with the antisera of protective OMPs significantly impaired bacterial infectivity against peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), whereas the antisera of non-protective OMPs had no apparent effect on infection. OMP173 antibodies could bind whole V. harveyi cells and exhibit bactericidal effect in a complement-dependent manner. Passive immunization showed that fish received OMP173 antiserum before being infected with V. harveyi exhibited significantly reduced mortality rate and lower bacterial loads in liver, spleen, and kidney. Finally, treatment of FG cells with OMP173 prior to V. harveyi infection protected the cells from bacterial invasion to a significant extent. Take together, these results indicate that two of the examined OMPs induce protective immunity through production of specific antibodies that block bacterial invasion, and that one OMP is likely to be involved in host cell interaction during the infection process. Thus, the immunoprotectivity of the OMPs is probably associated with functional participations of the OMPs in bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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Biswas G, Korenaga H, Nagamine R, Kawahara S, Takeda S, Kikuchi Y, Dashnyam B, Yoshida T, Kono T, Sakai M. Elevated cytokine responses to Vibrio harveyi infection in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) treated with Lactobacillus paracasei spp. paracasei (06TCa22) isolated from the Mongolian dairy product. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:756-765. [PMID: 23769874 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of evaluating the effect of a Mongolian dairy product derived Lactobacillus paracasei spp. paracasei (strain 06TCa22) (Lpp) on the cytokine-mediated immune responses to Vibrio harveyi infection, we examined 16 cytokine expressions in the Japanese pufferfish, Takifugu rubripes. Fish were orally treated with the heat-killed Lpp at 1 mg g(-1) body weight d(-1) for 3 days. At 24 h posttreatment, fish were infected by an intramuscular injection of 0.1 mL V. harveyi bacterial suspension (10(8) cfu mL(-1)). Additionally, superoxide anion production (SAP) and phagocytic activity (PA) of head kidney cells were assessed during 120 h postinfection period. Significant up-regulation of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A/F-3, TNF-α and TNF-N), cell-mediated immune inducing (IL-12p35, IL-12p40 and IL-18), antiviral/intra-cellular pathogen killing (I-IFN-1 and IFN-γ), anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and lymphocyte agonistic (IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21 and TGF-β1) cytokines was observed in the treated fish compared to control ones during the pathogen infection. Furthermore, significantly increased SAP and PA (P < 0.01; 0.05) were recorded in the treated fish compared to untreated fish. These results suggest the beneficial role of Lpp in enhancement of cytokine-mediated immunity in the Japanese pufferfish against V. harveyi infection and application of this product as a potential fish immunostimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Biswas
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Hu YH, Deng T, Sun BG, Sun L. Development and efficacy of an attenuated Vibrio harveyi vaccine candidate with cross protectivity against Vibrio alginolyticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 32:1155-1161. [PMID: 22484605 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that can infect a wide range of marine animals. In previous studies, we have reported a virulent V. harveyi strain, T4D. In the present study, an attenuated mutant of T4D, T4DM, was obtained by selection of rifampicin resistance. Compared to the wild type, T4DM was different in whole-cell protein profile and much slower in growth rate when cultured in stress conditions caused by iron depletion. Virulence analysis showed that compared to T4D, T4DM exhibited a dramatically increased median lethal dose, impaired tissue dissemination capacity, defective hemolytic activity, and significantly reduced resistance against the killing effect of host serum. To examine the potential of T4DM as a live attenuated vaccine, Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were vaccinated with T4DM via intraperitoneal injection or immersion. The results showed that at one and two months post-vaccination, fish administered with T4DM via both approaches, in particular that of immersion, were effectively protected against not only V. harveyi but also Vibrio alginolyticus, another important fish pathogen. Microbiological analysis showed that following immersion vaccination, T4DM was recovered from the internal organs of the vaccinated fish in a time-dependent manner within the first 6 days post-vaccination. Serum antibodies against V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus were detected in T4DM-vaccinated fish, and, compared to serum from control fish, serum from T4DM-vaccinated fish was significantly enhanced in bactericidal activity. These results indicate that T4DM is an attenuated strain with residual infectivity and that T4DM can induce effective cross-species protection against both V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus when used as a live immersion vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-hua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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