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Li Z, Tian J, Yang F. Tyrosine nitration enhances the allergenic potential of house dust mite allergen Der p 2. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118826. [PMID: 38579999 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Nitration of allergenic proteins caused by atmospheric pollutants O3 and NO2 may enhance their allergenic potential. In the study, the influence of nitration was investigated on the allergenicity of Der p 2, which is a main allergen from house dust mites and plays an important role in allergenic rhinitis and asthma. The results reveal that nitrated Der p 2 enhanced the IgE-binding capacity, upregulated the mRNA expression and release of IL-6 and IL-8 from bronchial epithelial cells, and induced higher levels of specific-IgE, TH2 cytokines and white blood cells in mice. Besides, nitrated Der p 2 caused more severe oxidative stress and allergenic symptoms in mice. It is concluded that nitration enhanced the allergenicity of Der p 2 through not only directly inducing higher amount of specific-IgE and stronger responses of TH2 cytokines, but also indirectly aggravating allergic symptoms by oxidative stress and adjuvant-like activation airway epithelial cells. The study suggests that the contribution of nitration to the promotion in allergenicity should not be ignored when precisely assessing the risk of house dust mite allergens in real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangxing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China; Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, 314100, Jiashan, China.
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2
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de Bortoli N, Visaggi P, Penagini R, Annibale B, Baiano Svizzero F, Barbara G, Bartolo O, Battaglia E, Di Sabatino A, De Angelis P, Docimo L, Frazzoni M, Furnari M, Iori A, Iovino P, Lenti MV, Marabotto E, Marasco G, Mauro A, Oliva S, Pellegatta G, Pesce M, Privitera AC, Puxeddu I, Racca F, Ribolsi M, Ridolo E, Russo S, Sarnelli G, Tolone S, Zentilin P, Zingone F, Barberio B, Ghisa M, Savarino EV. The 1st EoETALY Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis - Definition, Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis. Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:951-963. [PMID: 38423918 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic type 2-mediated inflammatory disease of the esophagus that represents the most common eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease. Experts in the field of EoE across Italy (i.e., EoETALY Consensus Group) including gastroenterologists, endoscopists, allergologists/immunologists, and paediatricians conducted a Delphi process to develop updated consensus statements for the management of patients with EoE and update the previous position paper of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE) in light of recent evidence. Grading of the strength and quality of the evidence of the recommendations was performed using accepted GRADE criteria. The guideline is divided in two documents: Part 1 includes three chapters, namely 1) definition, epidemiology, and pathogenesis; 2) clinical presentation and natural history, and 3) diagnosis, while Part 2 includes two chapters: 4) treatment and 5) monitoring and follow-up. This document has received the endorsement of three Italian national societies including the SIGE, the Italian Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (SINGEM), and the Italian Society of Allergology, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology (SIAAIC). With regards to patients' involvement, these guidelines involved the contribution of members of ESEO Italia, the Italian Association of Families Against EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola de Bortoli
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Visaggi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Penagini
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Annibale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00189, Italy
| | - Federica Baiano Svizzero
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barbara
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Edda Battaglia
- Gastroenterology Unit ASLTO4, Chivasso - Ciriè - Ivrea, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Paola De Angelis
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit - Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Docimo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marzio Frazzoni
- Digestive Pathophysiology Unit and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuele Furnari
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Iori
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit,' Santa Chiara' Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Paola Iovino
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi 84084, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Elisa Marabotto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marasco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurelio Mauro
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Salvatore Oliva
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Sapienza - University of Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Pellegatta
- Endoscopic Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Pesce
- Department of clinical medicine and surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Puxeddu
- Immunoallergology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Racca
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy Clinic, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano - Milan, Italy
| | - Mentore Ribolsi
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Campus Bio Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - Erminia Ridolo
- Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Salvatore Russo
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sarnelli
- Department of clinical medicine and surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Tolone
- Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zentilin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Brigida Barberio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Matteo Ghisa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua 35128, Italy
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua 35128, Italy.
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Obeagu EI, Bluth MH. Eosinophils and Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia: A New Perspective. J Blood Med 2024; 15:227-237. [PMID: 38800637 PMCID: PMC11127652 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s451988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a wide array of cognitive impairments. While research has predominantly focused on the neurological aspects of schizophrenia, emerging evidence suggests that the immune system, specifically eosinophils, may play a significant role in the cognitive deficits associated with the disorder. This review presents a novel perspective on the interplay between eosinophils and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Eosinophils, traditionally associated with allergic responses and inflammation, have garnered limited attention within the realm of neuropsychiatry. Recent studies have hinted at a potential link between eosinophil activation and the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the world of eosinophils, elucidating their nature, functions, and interactions with the immune system. We examine the cognitive deficits observed in individuals with schizophrenia and discuss existing theories on the etiology of these impairments, focusing on immune system involvement. The paper also highlights the evolving body of research that supports the idea of eosinophilic influence on schizophrenia-related cognitive deficits. Furthermore, we explore potential mechanisms through which eosinophils may exert their effects on cognitive function in schizophrenia, including interactions with other immune cells and inflammatory pathways. By discussing the clinical implications and potential therapeutic avenues stemming from this newfound perspective, we underscore the practical significance of this emerging field of research. While this paper acknowledges the limitations and challenges inherent in studying eosinophils within the context of schizophrenia, it serves as a posit for novel thought in this vexing disease space as well as a call to action for future research endeavors. By providing a comprehensive survey of the existing literature and posing unanswered questions, we aim to inspire a reimagining of the relationship between eosinophils and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, ultimately advancing our understanding and treatment of this debilitating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin H Bluth
- Department of Pathology, Division of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Gutiérrez-Vera C, García-Betancourt R, Palacios PA, Müller M, Montero DA, Verdugo C, Ortiz F, Simon F, Kalergis AM, González PA, Saavedra-Avila NA, Porcelli SA, Carreño LJ. Natural killer T cells in allergic asthma: implications for the development of novel immunotherapeutical strategies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1364774. [PMID: 38629075 PMCID: PMC11018981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1364774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma has emerged as a prevalent allergic disease worldwide, affecting most prominently both young individuals and lower-income populations in developing and developed countries. To devise effective and curative immunotherapy, it is crucial to comprehend the intricate nature of this condition, characterized by an immune response imbalance that favors a proinflammatory profile orchestrated by diverse subsets of immune cells. Although the involvement of Natural Killer T (NKT) cells in asthma pathology is frequently implied, their specific contributions to disease onset and progression remain incompletely understood. Given their remarkable ability to modulate the immune response through the rapid secretion of various cytokines, NKT cells represent a promising target for the development of effective immunotherapy against allergic asthma. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of NKT cells in the context of allergic asthma, along with novel therapeutic approaches that leverage the functional response of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Gutiérrez-Vera
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Richard García-Betancourt
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. Palacios
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marioly Müller
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David A. Montero
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Verdugo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Ortiz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Noemi A. Saavedra-Avila
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Steven A. Porcelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Leandro J. Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Luo J, Chen W, Liu W, Jiang S, Ye Y, Shrimanker R, Hynes G, Klenerman P, Pavord ID, Xue L. IL-5 antagonism reverses priming and activation of eosinophils in severe eosinophilic asthma. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00024-2. [PMID: 38493955 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Eosinophils are key effector cells mediating airway inflammation and exacerbation in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. They are present in increased numbers and activation states in the airway mucosa and lumen. Interleukin-5 (IL-5) is the key eosinophil growth factor that is thought to play a role in eosinophil priming and activation. However, the mechanism of these effects is still not fully understood. The anti-IL-5 antibody mepolizumab reduces eosinophil counts in the airway modestly but has a large beneficial effect on the frequency of exacerbations of severe eosinophilic asthma, suggesting that reduction in eosinophil priming and activation is of central mechanistic importance. In this study, we used the therapeutic effect of mepolizumab and single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing to investigate the mechanism of eosinophil priming and activation by IL-5. We demonstrated that IL-5 is a dominant driver of eosinophil priming and plays multifaceted roles in eosinophil function. It enhances eosinophil responses to other stimulators of migration, survival, and activation by activating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinases, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways. It also enhances the pro-fibrotic roles of eosinophils in airway remodeling via transforming growth factor-β pathway. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of eosinophil priming in severe eosinophilic asthma and the therapeutic effect of anti-IL-5 approaches in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Luo
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Wentao Chen
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Ye
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Shrimanker
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Hynes
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit and Peter Medawar Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ian D Pavord
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Luzheng Xue
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Khan R, Salman S, Harford L, Sheriff L, Hazeldine J, Rajoriya N, Newsome PN, Lalor PF. Circulating myeloid populations have prognostic utility in alcohol-related liver disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1330536. [PMID: 38545104 PMCID: PMC10965684 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) accounts for over one third of all deaths from liver conditions, and mortality from alcohol-related liver disease has increased nearly five-fold over the last 30 years. Severe alcohol-related hepatitis almost always occurs in patients with a background of chronic liver disease with extensive fibrosis or cirrhosis, can precipitate 'acute on chronic' liver failure and has a high short-term mortality. Patients with alcohol-related liver disease have impaired immune responses, and increased susceptibility to infections, thus prompt diagnosis of infection and careful patient management is required. The identification of early and non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in ARLD remains an unresolved challenge. Easily calculated predictors of infection and mortality are required for use in patients who often exhibit variable symptoms and disease severity and may not always present in a specialized gastroenterology unit. Methods We have used a simple haematological analyser to rapidly measure circulating myeloid cell parameters across the ARLD spectrum. Results and Discussion We demonstrate for the first time that immature granulocyte (IG) counts correlate with markers of disease severity, and our data suggests that elevated counts are associated with increased short-term mortality and risk of infection. Other myeloid populations such as eosinophils and basophils also show promise. Thus IG count has the potential to serve alongside established markers such as neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio as a simply calculated predictor of mortality and risk of infectious complications in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis. This would allow identification of patients who may require more intensive management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reenam Khan
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Shees Salman
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Harford
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lozan Sheriff
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Hazeldine
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, and Birmingham National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Rajoriya
- The Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Philip N. Newsome
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, and Birmingham National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia F. Lalor
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Huang Z, Li X, Li Y, Huang W, Lai X, Wu H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Chang L, Zhang G. Interleukin-19 enhances eosinophil infiltration through upregulation of epithelium-derived RANTES expression via the ERK/NF-κB signalling pathway in patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP. Inflamm Res 2024:10.1007/s00011-024-01851-2. [PMID: 38393344 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD The recurrence rate of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is positively correlated with eosinophil infiltration. Increased interleukin (IL)-19 and eosinophil chemokine RANTES levels have been reported in patients with CRSwNP. This study aimed to clarify the role of IL-19 in mediating RANTES expression and eosinophilic infiltration in eosinophilic CRSwNP (Eos CRSwNP). METHODS Nasal tissue samples were obtained from patients with CRSwNP and controls. The expression of IL-19, its receptors, ECP, and RANTES in tissues was investigated. Primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) and nasal polyp tissue blocks were cultured, then stimulated by IL-19; ERK phosphorylation, NF-κB pathway activation, RANTES level, eosinophils migration and infiltration were detected using RT-qPCR, ELISA, western blotting, HE, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy, and transwell migration assay. RESULTS The expression of IL-19 and its receptors (IL-20R1/IL-20R2), eosinophil cationic protein, and RANTES in nasal tissues from patients with Eos CRSwNP was significantly increased compared to that in non-Eos CRSwNP and control subjects. IL-19 co-localized with RANTES in nasal tissues and significantly elevated RANTES expression in HNECs. IL-19-blocking antibody and siRNA knockdown of IL-20R1 ameliorated the effect of IL-19 on RANTES secretion in HNECs. Moreover, IL-19-induced RANTES upregulation was associated with the activation of the ERK and NF-κB pathways. NF-κB activation was mediated by the ERK pathway in IL-19-treated HNECs, and IL-19 enhanced eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyp tissue blocks. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that IL-19 promotes RANTES expression via the ERK/NF-κB pathway in HNECs and is implicated in eosinophil infiltration in patients with Eos CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhen Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqiang Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yana Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Gehua Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Kim MJ, Chu KB, Lee SH, Mao J, Eom GD, Yoon KW, Moon EK, Quan FS. Assessing the protection elicited by virus-like particles expressing the RSV pre-fusion F and tandem repeated G proteins against RSV rA2 line19F infection in mice. Respir Res 2024; 25:7. [PMID: 38178222 PMCID: PMC10765939 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02641-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive pulmonary inflammation is the hallmark of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection hindering efficacious RSV vaccine development. Yet, the vast majority of the experimental RSV vaccine studies use laboratory-adapted RSV strains that do not reflect the highly pathogenic and inflammatory nature of the virus found in clinical settings. Here, we re-evaluated the protective efficacy of the virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine co-expressing the pre-fusion (pre-F) protein and G protein with tandem repeats (Gt) reported in our previous study against the recombinant RSV rA2-line19F strain, which inflicts severe mucus production and inflammation in mice. VLP vaccine immunization elicited virus-specific serum antibody responses that mediated RSV rA2-line19F virus neutralization. VLP vaccine immunization promoted Th1 immune response development in the spleens and CD8 + T cell influx into the lungs of mice, which are essential for efficient viral clearance and dampened inflammatory response. When compared to the VLPs expressing only the pre-F antigen, those co-expressing both pre-F and Gt antigens conferred better protection in mice against rA2-line19F challenge infection. Overall, our data suggest that the pre-clinical VLP vaccine co-expressing RSV pre-F and Gt antigens can effectively protect mice against RSV strains that resemble pathogenic clinical isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Back Chu
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwa Lee
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Mao
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Deok Eom
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon-Woong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Moon
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Vieira BM, de São José VS, Niemeyer Filho PS, Moura-Neto V. Eosinophils induces glioblastoma cell suppression and apoptosis - Roles of GM-CSF and cysteinyl-leukotrienes. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110729. [PMID: 37536182 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor in adults. Despite the available cancer treatments, the recurrence of the tumor is high, and the survival rate is low. New approaches to antitumor therapies are needed. Eosinophils are prominent in allergic diseases and accumulate in several human brain tumors. Recently, the antitumor role of eosinophils has been targeted as eosinophils release several cytotoxic factors that induce cell impairment and death. OBJECTIVE Here we aim to evaluate the interaction of the eosinophil and glioblastoma cells, the mechanism involved in the potential killing of the glioblastoma cells by the eosinophils, and how allergy/asthma could confer a better glioblastoma prognosis. METHODS Eosinophils and serum from asthmatic and non-asthmatic donors were cultivated with different glioblastoma cell lines. RESULTS Glioblastoma cells recruit eosinophils via GM-CSF signaling, activating and increasing eosinophil survivability and function on a GM-CSF-dependent manner. Eosinophils reduce glioblastoma cells metabolism, proliferation, and migration, via Fas/FasL. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes are accounted for the asthmatic serum enhancement of the glioblastoma cell migration and proliferation. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes enhance glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration, albeit activate eosinophils that suppress glioblastoma cells. CONCLUSION Eosinophils have the potential to be key cells on glioblastoma therapeutics, as allergy and eosinophilia are correlated with a better glioblastoma prognosis. Eosinophils are elicited and attach to glioblastoma cells, where, by its cytotoxic function, via Fas/FasL, hind glioblastoma cell metabolism, proliferation, migration, and induce cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Marques Vieira
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Vitória Santório de São José
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio®), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fármacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Soares Niemeyer Filho
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vivaldo Moura-Neto
- Laboratório de Biomedicina do Cérebro, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Gu X, Ge Y, Wang Y, Huang C, Yang G, Xie Y, Xu J, He R, Zhong Z, Yang D, He Z, Peng X. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Psoroptes ovis: Molecular Characterization and Potential Role in Eosinophil Accumulation of Skin in Rabbit and Its Implication in the Host-Parasite Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065985. [PMID: 36983058 PMCID: PMC10059829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoroptes ovis, a common surface-living mite of domestic and wild animals worldwide, results in huge economic losses and serious welfare issues in the animal industry. P. ovis infestation rapidly causes massive eosinophil infiltration in skin lesions, and increasing research revealed that eosinophils might play an important role in the pathogenesis of P. ovis infestation. Intradermal injection of P. ovis antigen invoked massive eosinophil infiltration, suggesting that this mite should contain some relative molecules involved in eosinophil accumulation in the skin. However, these active molecules have not yet been identified. Herein, we identified macrophage migration inhibitor factor (MIF) in P. ovis (PsoMIF) using bioinformatics and molecular biology methods. Sequence analyses revealed that PsoMIF appeared with high similarity to the topology of monomer and trimer formation with host MIF (RMSD = 0.28 angstroms and 2.826 angstroms, respectively) but with differences in tautomerase and thiol-protein oxidoreductase active sites. Reverse transcription PCR analysis (qRT-PCR) results showed that PsoMIF was expressed throughout all the developmental stages of P. ovis, particularly with the highest expression in female mites. Immunolocalization revealed that MIF protein located in the ovary and oviduct of female mites and also localized throughout the stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and even basal layers of the epidermis in skin lesions caused by P. ovis. rPsoMIF significantly upregulated eosinophil-related gene expression both in vitro (PBMC: CCL5, CCL11; HaCaT: IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, CCL5, CCL11) and in vivo (rabbit: IL-5, CCL5, CCL11, P-selectin, ICAM-1). Moreover, rPsoMIF could induce cutaneous eosinophil accumulation in a rabbit model and increased the vascular permeability in a mouse model. Our findings indicated that PsoMIF served as one of the key molecules contributing to skin eosinophil accumulation in P. ovis infection of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Gu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - You Ge
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Cuirui Huang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangyou Yang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ran He
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhi He
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuerong Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Basic Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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11
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Laky K, Kinard JL, Li JM, Moore IN, Lack J, Fischer ER, Kabat J, Latanich R, Zachos NC, Limkar AR, Weissler KA, Thompson RW, Wynn TA, Dietz HC, Guerrerio AL, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA. Epithelial-intrinsic defects in TGFβR signaling drive local allergic inflammation manifesting as eosinophilic esophagitis. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabp9940. [PMID: 36608150 PMCID: PMC10106118 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abp9940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are a global health challenge. Individuals harboring loss-of-function variants in transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGFβR) genes have an increased prevalence of allergic disorders, including eosinophilic esophagitis. Allergic diseases typically localize to mucosal barriers, implicating epithelial dysfunction as a cardinal feature of allergic disease. Here, we describe an essential role for TGFβ in the control of tissue-specific immune homeostasis that provides mechanistic insight into these clinical associations. Mice expressing a TGFβR1 loss-of-function variant identified in atopic patients spontaneously develop disease that clinically, immunologically, histologically, and transcriptionally recapitulates eosinophilic esophagitis. In vivo and in vitro, TGFβR1 variant-expressing epithelial cells are hyperproliferative, fail to differentiate properly, and overexpress innate proinflammatory mediators, which persist in the absence of lymphocytes or external allergens. Together, our results support the concept that TGFβ plays a fundamental, nonredundant, epithelial cell-intrinsic role in controlling tissue-specific allergic inflammation that is independent of its role in adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Laky
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jessica L Kinard
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jenny Min Li
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ian N Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin Lack
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Fischer
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rachel Latanich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nicholas C Zachos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ajinkya R Limkar
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine A Weissler
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert W Thompson
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas A Wynn
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Harry C Dietz
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Anthony L Guerrerio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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12
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IL-5 and GM-CSF, but Not IL-3, Promote the Proliferative Properties of Inflammatory-like and Lung Resident-like Eosinophils in the Blood of Asthma Patients. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233804. [PMID: 36497064 PMCID: PMC9740659 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood eosinophils can be described as inflammatory-like (iEOS-like) and lung-resident-like (rEOS-like) eosinophils. This study is based on the hypothesis that eosinophilopoetins such as interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) alter the proliferative properties of eosinophil subtypes and may be associated with the expression of their receptors on eosinophils. We investigated 8 individuals with severe nonallergic eosinophilic asthma (SNEA), 17 nonsevere allergic asthma (AA), and 11 healthy subjects (HS). For AA patients, a bronchial allergen challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was performed. Eosinophils were isolated from peripheral blood using high-density centrifugation and magnetic separation methods. The subtyping of eosinophils was based on magnetic bead-conjugated antibodies against L-selectin. Preactivation by eosinophilopoetins was performed by incubating eosinophil subtypes with IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF, and individual combined cell cultures were prepared with airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. ASM cell proliferation was assessed using an Alamar blue assay. The gene expression of eosinophilopoetin receptors was analyzed with a qPCR. IL-5 and GM-CSF significantly enhanced the proliferative properties of iEOS-like and rEOS-like cells on ASM cells in both SNEA and AA groups compared with eosinophils not activated by cytokines (p < 0.05). Moreover, rEOS-like cells demonstrated a higher gene expression of the IL-3 and IL-5 receptors compared with iEOS-like cells in the SNEA and AA groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion: IL-5 and GM-CSF promote the proliferative properties of iEOS-like and rEOS-like eosinophils; however, the effect of only IL-5 may be related to the expression of its receptors in asthma patients.
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13
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Association between Immunologic Markers and Cirrhosis in Individuals from a Prospective Chronic Hepatitis C Cohort. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215280. [PMID: 36358697 PMCID: PMC9657502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can affect immune response and inflammatory pathways, leading to severe liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: In a prospective cohort of chronically HCV-infected individuals, we sampled 68 individuals who developed cirrhosis, 91 controls who did not develop cirrhosis, and 94 individuals who developed HCC. Unconditional odds ratios (ORs) from polytomous logistic regression models and canonical discriminant analyses (CDAs) were used to compare categorical (C) baseline plasma levels for 102 markers in individuals who developed cirrhosis vs. controls and those who developed HCC vs. cirrhosis. Leave-one-out cross validation was used to produce receiver operating characteristic curves to assess predictive ability of markers. Lastly, biological pathways were assessed in association with cirrhotic development compared to controls. Results: After multivariable adjustment, DEFA-1 (OR: C2v.C1 = 7.73; p < 0.0001), ITGAM (OR: C2v.C1 = 4.03; p = 0.0002), SCF (OR: C4v.C1 = 0.19; p-trend = 0.0001), and CCL11 (OR: C4v.C1 = 0.31; p-trend= 0.002) were all associated with development of cirrhosis compared to controls; these markers, together with clinical/demographics variables, improved prediction of cirrhosis from 55.7% (in clinical/demographic-only model) to 74.9% accuracy. A twelve-marker model based on CDA results further increased prediction of cirrhosis to 88.0%. While six biological pathways were found to be associated with cirrhosis, cell adhesion was the only pathway associated with cirrhosis after Bonferroni correction. In contrast to cirrhosis, DEFA-1 and ITGAM levels were inversely associated with HCC risk. Conclusions: Pending validation, these findings highlight the important role of immunological markers in predicting HCV-related cirrhosis even 11 years post-enrollment.
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14
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Mixed T Helper1/T Helper2/T Cytotoxic Profile in Subjects with Chronic Chagas Disease with Hypersensitivity Reactions to Benznidazole. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0135722. [PMID: 35938810 PMCID: PMC9430713 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01357-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermatitis is the most common adverse event during treatment with benznidazole in chronic Chagas disease and is probably mediated by T cells. A set of molecules representative of the different type IV hypersensitivity reactions was evaluated in the circulation and skin biopsies of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected subjects presenting dermatitis during benznidazole administration. Through cytometric bead assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay capture techniques, the serum levels of cytokines, chemokines, proapoptotic molecules, and mediators of the activation and migration of eosinophils and T cells were measured in subjects infected with Trypanosoma cruzi who exhibited skin adverse events (n = 22) and compared with those without adverse events (n = 37) during benznidazole therapy. Serum levels of interleukin- 5 (IL-5), soluble Fas cell surface death receptor ligand (FAS-L), and interferon γ-induced protein (IP-10) significantly increased at 7 to 30 days posttreatment with benznidazole and decreased thereafter in subjects with dermatitis but not in those without dermatitis. Circulating eotaxin levels were lower in subjects with dermatitis than in those without. Two patterns emerged in the skin biopsies: a T helper 1/T cytotoxic profile and a T helper 2/T cytotoxic profile with the presence of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), uremia, and T cell activation emerged as risk factors for the development of dermatitis during benznidazole administration. These results support a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to benznidazole, involving CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and eosinophils, and a mixed cytokine profile. This study provides new insights for better management of adverse drug reactions to benznidazole. IMPORTANCE This study identified the risk factors for the development of adverse reactions to benznidazole and identified a set molecule to monitor the appearance of these reactions. This knowledge might improve the safety of benznidazole administration.
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15
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Mookhoek A, Haasnoot ML, Bredenoord AJ, Ma C, Jairath V, Pai RK. The Clinical Significance of Eosinophils in Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1321-1334. [PMID: 35136998 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Ulcerative colitis [UC] is characterised by an unpredictable disease course and variable response to therapy. Recent studies suggest a role for eosinophils in both pathogenesis and predicting treatment response. The goal of this study was to determine the association between eosinophils and clinical outcomes in UC. METHODS A systematic review of the literature from database inception to May 2021 was performed to identify all studies evaluating the relationship between eosinophils and/or eosinophil-derived proteins [EDPs] and clinical outcomes, such as disease activity, clinical relapse, severity of disease, and response to treatment. RESULTS A total of 55 studies were identified. Of these, 34 studies evaluated the relationship between eosinophils in colonic tissue and outcomes and 15 in blood. Eighteen studies assessed the relationship between EDPs and outcomes. In 25 of 34 studies, a positive correlation between eosinophils and/or EDPs and disease activity was reported, three studies found a negative correlation, and nine studies found no correlation. Positive correlations between eosinophils and clinical relapse were shown in four of nine studies, and with disease outcome severity in five of seven studies. Four of 15 studies showed that subjects with higher eosinophil levels had a poor response to treatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that higher eosinophil levels may be associated with increased disease activity and poorer clinical outcomes and response to therapy. Future studies are needed to determine whether a distinct eosinophil-rich UC phenotype exists and whether eosinophil-targeted therapy can alter the disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aart Mookhoek
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria L Haasnoot
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Bredenoord
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Medical Research & Development, Alimentiv Inc., London, ON, Canada
| | - Vipul Jairath
- Medical Research & Development, Alimentiv Inc., London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Rish K Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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16
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Korean Red Ginseng Ameliorates Allergic Asthma through Reduction of Lung Inflammation and Oxidation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081422. [PMID: 35892624 PMCID: PMC9331112 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Six-year-old red ginseng, which is processed from the whole ginseng root via steaming and drying, has been shown to have preventive effects such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of Korean red ginseng (KRG) against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma and the underlying mechanisms involved. We injected 20 µg of OVA on days 0 and 14, and mice were challenged with aerosolized OVA via a nebulizer for 1 h on days 21, 22, and 23. KRG was administered at 100 and 300 mg/kg from days 18 to 23. The KRG-treated mice showed significant reductions in their airway hyperresponsiveness, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the number of inflammatory cells compared with the OVA-treated mice. The levels of type 2 cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and expression of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E in the serum, which were elevated in the OVA group, were reduced in the KRG-treated groups. The pro-inflammatory factors, inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, were downregulated by the KRG administration in a dose-dependent manner. KRG effectively suppressed the inflammatory response by inhibiting ROS production. Our results suggest that KRG may have the potential to alleviate asthma.
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17
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Dirani E, Bou Khalil R, Raad G, Richa S. Eosinophils to Lymphocytes Ratio (ELR) as a Potential Inflammatory Biomarker in Patients with Dual Diagnosis of Bipolar and Alcohol Use Disorders: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Dual Diagn 2022; 18:144-152. [PMID: 35767724 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2022.2090650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: It is well-established that Bipolar Disorder (BD) has comorbidity with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and could present the same symptoms of an underlying diagnosis of BD, therefore delaying the proper relevant treatment. Recent studies show the occurrence of alterations in the circulating levels of inflammatory mediators in patients dealing with AUD as well as those with BD. The objective of this study is to get an assessment of whether patients with AUD and BD comorbidity [BD(+)] would present different ratios of the Complete Blood Count (CBC) in comparison with patients with AUD but without a BD comorbidity [BD(-)]. Methods: This is a retrospective study, conducted through a selection of patients files who were admitted to the psychiatric department at Hôtel-Dieu de France University Hospital in Beirut, Lebanon, between January of the year 2016 and May of the year 2021. Overall, 83 files of patients dealing with AUD were included in this study. Results: Patients with BD(+) showed a higher Eosinophils to Lymphocytes Ratio (ELR) in comparison to those with BD(-). The Receiver Operation Characteristic (ROC) analysis had an area under the curve at 0.719 with a p = .001. The cutoff value of ELR that best differentiates BD(-) from BD(+) was 0.087 (Sensitivity = 81.3%; Specificity = 63.6%). The logistic regression analysis showed that an ELR superior to 0.087 presented a statistically significant difference, exposing patients belonging to the BD(+) group (OR = 11.66; p < .001). Conclusions: Our data suggest that ELR may be a valuable, reproducible, easily accessible, and cost-effective inflammatory marker, pointing at the presence of a BD comorbidity with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Dirani
- Hôtel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Psychiatry, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rami Bou Khalil
- Hôtel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Psychiatry, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Raad
- IVF Department, Al-Hadi Laboratory and Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami Richa
- Hôtel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Psychiatry, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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18
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Ceulemans M, Jacobs I, Wauters L, Vanuytsel T. Immune Activation in Functional Dyspepsia: Bystander Becoming the Suspect. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:831761. [PMID: 35557605 PMCID: PMC9087267 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.831761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), formerly termed functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), are highly prevalent although exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Intestinal immune activation has been recognized, but increasing evidence supports a pivotal role for an active inflammatory state in these disorders. In functional dyspepsia (FD), marked eosinophil and mast cell infiltration has been repeatedly demonstrated and associations with symptoms emphasize the relevance of an eosinophil-mast cell axis in FD pathophysiology. In this Review, we highlight the importance of immune activation in DGBI with a focus on FD. We summarize eosinophil biology in both homeostasis and inflammatory processes. The evidence for immune activation in FD is outlined with attention to alterations on both cellular and molecular level, and how these may contribute to FD symptomatology. As DGBI are complex and multifactorial conditions, we shed light on factors associated to, and potentially influencing immune activation, including bidirectional gut-brain interaction, allergy and the microbiota. Crucial studies reveal a therapeutic benefit of treatments targeting immune activation, suggesting that specific anti-inflammatory therapies could offer renewed hope for at least a subset of DGBI patients. Lastly, we explore the future directions for DGBI research that could advance the field. Taken together, emerging evidence supports the recognition of FD as an immune-mediated organic-based disorder, challenging the paradigm of a strictly functional nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Ceulemans
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge Jacobs
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Wauters
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanuytsel
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Tim Vanuytsel,
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19
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Combination of Symptom Profile, Endoscopic Findings, and Esophageal Mucosal Histopathology Helps to Differentiate Achalasia from Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122347. [PMID: 34943584 PMCID: PMC8700273 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Achalasia, a rare primary esophageal motility disorder, is often misdiagnosed as refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study is aimed to identify the clinical and histopathologic features that may help to differentiate these two entities. Patients with untreated achalasia and those with refractory reflux symptoms despite ≥8 weeks of proton-pump inhibitor treatment were enrolled prospectively. All patients underwent validated symptom questionnaires, esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy, and high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM). Histopathology of esophageal mucosa was compared based on four pre-determined histological criteria: basal cell hyperplasia or papillae elongation, eosinophilic infiltration, petechiae formation, and hypertrophy of the muscularis mucosae (MM). Compared with the GERD patients, patients with achalasia had similar reflux symptoms, but higher Eckardt scores, fewer erosive esophagitis and hiatal hernia, more esophageal food retention on endoscopy, and higher prevalence of hypertrophy of the MM and petechiae formation on histopathology. Multivariate logistic regression based on Eckardt score ≥4, normal esophagogastric junction morphology or esophageal food retention, and coexistence of petechiae formation and hypertrophy of the MM, established the best prediction model for achalasia. Therefore, combination of routinely accessible variables, including Eckardt score, endoscopic features, and histopathology obtained via esophageal mucosal biopsy, may provide an earlier identification of achalasia.
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Giménez-Arnau AM, DeMontojoye L, Asero R, Cugno M, Kulthanan K, Yanase Y, Hide M, Kaplan AP. The Pathogenesis of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: The Role of Infiltrating Cells. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:2195-2208. [PMID: 33823316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria is characterized by a perivascular non-necrotizing cellular infiltrate around small venules of the skin. It consists primarily of CD4(+) lymphocytes, a prominence of the T helper (Th)2 subtype but also Th1 cells, with Th17 cell-derived cytokines elevated in plasma. There are also neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes. Chemokines derived from mast cells and activated endothelial cells drive the process. Although the role of the cellular infiltrate has not previously been addressed, each constituent can contribute to the overall pathogenesis. It is of interest that CSU responds to corticosteroid, yet, short-term steroids do not affect autoimmunity or degranulation of mast cells, and act on margination of cells along the endothelium and chemotaxis to enter the surrounding dermis. In this review, we address each cell's contribution to the overall inflammatory response, as it is currently understood, with a view toward development of therapeutic options that impede the function of critical cells and/or their secretory products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurence DeMontojoye
- Department of Dermatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Institute of Experimental Clinical Research, Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology Pole, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Massimo Cugno
- Medicina Interna, Dipartmento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Kanokvalai Kulthanan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuhki Yanase
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Allen P Kaplan
- Divison of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
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21
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Sciumè GD, Visaggi P, Sostilio A, Tarducci L, Pugno C, Frazzoni M, Ricchiuti A, Bellini M, Giannini EG, Marchi S, Savarino V, de Bortoli N. Eosinophilic esophagitis: novel concepts regarding pathogenesis and clinical manifestations. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2021; 68:23-39. [PMID: 33435660 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.20.02807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic disease whose incidence and prevalence are increasing, based on a genetic-driven interaction between environment and immune system. Several gene loci involved in the development of the disease have been identified. A two-step mechanism has been hypothesized: a thymic stromal lymphopoietin-induced allergic sensitization followed by upregulation of CAPN14-related esophageal-specific pathways. Environment seems to have a larger effect than genetic variants. Factors that could play a role are allergens, drugs, colonizing bacteria and possibly Helicobacter Pylori infection. Acting on these modifiable risk factors may be a tool to prevent the disease. EoE is characterized by a typical eosinophilic infiltrate limited to the esophageal epithelium, supported by a Th2-mediated immune response, found in other atopic conditions. The key of the pathogenesis is the disfunction of the epithelial barrier which allow the interaction between allergens and inflammatory cells. Eosinophilic-predominant inflammation leads to the typical wall remodeling, histologically characterized by epithelial and smooth muscle hyperplasia, lamina propria fibrosis and neo-angiogenesis. These alterations find their clinical expression in the pattern of symptoms: dysphagia, food impaction, chest pain, heartburn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi D Sciumè
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Visaggi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Sostilio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Tarducci
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Camilla Pugno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzio Frazzoni
- Digestive Pathophysiology Unit, Baggiovara Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Angelo Ricchiuti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Bellini
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Giannini
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Santino Marchi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Savarino
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola de Bortoli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy -
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22
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Lee CD, Choi WS, Choi YG, Kang HS, Lee WT, Kim HJ, Lee JY. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase suppresses allergic lung inflammation by regulating MCP-1 in an OVA-induced asthma murine model with co-exposure to lipopolysaccharide. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520903663. [PMID: 32054359 PMCID: PMC7111082 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520903663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Doo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Geon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang Tae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Zustakova M, Kratochvilova L, Slama P. Apoptosis of Eosinophil Granulocytes. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120457. [PMID: 33321726 PMCID: PMC7763668 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Eosinophil granulocytes (eosinophils) belong to the family of white blood cells that play important roles in the development of asthma and various types of allergy. Eosinophils are cells with a diameter of 12–17 µm and they originate from myeloid precursors. They were discovered by Paul Ehrlich in 1879 in the process of staining fixed blood smears with aniline dyes. Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is the process by which cells lose their functionality. Therefore, it is very important to study the apoptosis of eosinophils and their survival factors to understand how to develop new drugs based on the modulation of eosinophil apoptosis for the treatment of asthma and allergic diseases. Abstract In the past 10 years, the number of people in the Czech Republic with allergies has doubled to over three million. Allergic pollen catarrh, constitutional dermatitis and asthma are the allergic disorders most often diagnosed. Genuine food allergies today affect 6–8% of nursing infants, 3–5% of small children, and 2–4% of adults. These disorders are connected with eosinophil granulocytes and their apoptosis. Eosinophil granulocytes are postmitotic leukocytes containing a number of histotoxic substances that contribute to the initiation and continuation of allergic inflammatory reactions. Eosinophilia results from the disruption of the standard half-life of eosinophils by the expression of mechanisms that block the apoptosis of eosinophils, leading to the development of chronic inflammation. Glucocorticoids are used as a strong acting anti-inflammatory medicine in the treatment of hypereosinophilia. The removal of eosinophils by the mechanism of apoptosis is the effect of this process. This work sums up the contemporary knowledge concerning the apoptosis of eosinophils, its role in the aforementioned disorders, and the indications for the use of glucocorticoids in their related therapies.
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24
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Ribeiro-Filho J, da Silva Brandi J, Ferreira Costa H, Carla de Paula Medeiros K, Alves Leite J, Pergentino de Sousa D, Regina Piuvezam M. Carvone Enantiomers Differentially Modulate IgE-Mediated Airway Inflammation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239209. [PMID: 33287119 PMCID: PMC7731315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvone is a monoterpene found in nature in the form of enantiomers (S- and R-). While previous research has demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of carvone, the influence of carvone enantiomeric composition on its anti-allergic activity remains to be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-allergic activity of carvone enantiomers in a murine model of airway allergic inflammation induced by sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA). The oral treatment with R-carvone or S-carvone 1 h before each challenge inhibited the number of leukocytes and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). R-carvone inhibited leukocyte infiltration and mucus production in the lung, which was correlated with decreased production of OVA-specific IgE in the serum and increased concentrations of IL-10 in the BAL. On the other hand, the administration of S-carvone had little inhibitory effect on inflammatory infiltration and mucus production in the lung, which might be associated with increased production of IFN-γ in the BAL. When administered 1 h before each sensitization, both enantiomers inhibited eosinophil recruitment to the BAL but failed in decreasing the titers of IgE in the serum of allergic mice. Our data indicate that carvone enantiomers differentially modulated IgE-mediated airway inflammation in mice. In conclusion, unlike S-carvone, R-carvone has the potential to be used in anti-allergic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ribeiro-Filho
- Laboratório de Investigação em Genética e Hematologia Translacional, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-71-3176-2226
| | - Juliana da Silva Brandi
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Unifaminas Centro Universitário, Muriaé 36880-000, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Jacqueline Alves Leite
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFG, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil;
| | - Damião Pergentino de Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, UFPB, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil;
| | - Márcia Regina Piuvezam
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, UFPB, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil;
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25
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Salvo-Romero E, Martínez C, Lobo B, Rodiño-Janeiro BK, Pigrau M, Sánchez-Chardi AD, González-Castro AM, Fortea M, Pardo-Camacho C, Nieto A, Expósito E, Guagnozzi D, Rodríguez-Urrutia A, de Torres I, Farré R, Azpiroz F, Alonso-Cotoner C, Santos J, Vicario M. Overexpression of corticotropin-releasing factor in intestinal mucosal eosinophils is associated with clinical severity in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20706. [PMID: 33244004 PMCID: PMC7692489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been identified in intestinal mucosal eosinophils and associated with psychological stress and gut dysfunction. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is commonly characterized by altered intestinal motility, immune activation, and increased gut barrier permeability along with heightened susceptibility to psychosocial stress. Despite intensive research, the role of mucosal eosinophils in stress-associated gut dysfunction remains uncertain. In this study, we evaluated eosinophil activation profile and CRF content in the jejunal mucosa of diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and healthy controls (HC) by gene/protein expression and transmission electron microscopy. We also explored the association between intestinal eosinophil CRF and chronic stress, and the potential mechanisms underlying the stress response by assessing eosinophil response to neuropeptides. We found that mucosal eosinophils displayed higher degranulation profile in IBS-D as compared to HC, with increased content of CRF in the cytoplasmic granules, which significantly correlated with IBS clinical severity, life stress background and depression. Eosinophils responded to substance P and carbachol by increasing secretory activity and CRF synthesis and release, without promoting pro-inflammatory activity, a profile similar to that found in mucosal eosinophils from IBS-D. Collectively, our results suggest that intestinal mucosal eosinophils are potential contributors to stress-mediated gut dysfunction through CRF production and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloísa Salvo-Romero
- Laboratory of Translational Mucosal Immunology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Martínez
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Lleida Institute for Biomedical Research, Lleida, Spain
| | - Beatriz Lobo
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruno K Rodiño-Janeiro
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Pigrau
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana M González-Castro
- Laboratory of Translational Mucosal Immunology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Fortea
- Laboratory of Translational Mucosal Immunology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Pardo-Camacho
- Laboratory of Translational Mucosal Immunology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adoración Nieto
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elba Expósito
- Laboratory of Translational Mucosal Immunology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Danila Guagnozzi
- Laboratory of Translational Mucosal Immunology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda Rodríguez-Urrutia
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés de Torres
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Farré
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID) KU, Leuven, Belgium
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Azpiroz
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Alonso-Cotoner
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Santos
- Laboratory of Neuro-Immuno-Gastroenterology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vicario
- Laboratory of Translational Mucosal Immunology, Digestive System Research Unit, Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Health, Société Des Produits Nestlé S.A, Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
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26
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Mast Cell Functions Linking Innate Sensing to Adaptive Immunity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122538. [PMID: 33255519 PMCID: PMC7761480 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mast cells (MCs) are known as key drivers of type I allergic reactions, there is increasing evidence for their critical role in host defense. MCs not only play an important role in initiating innate immune responses, but also influence the onset, kinetics, and amplitude of the adaptive arm of immunity or fine-tune the mode of the adaptive reaction. Intriguingly, MCs have been shown to affect T-cell activation by direct interaction or indirectly, by modifying the properties of antigen-presenting cells, and can even modulate lymph node-borne adaptive responses remotely from the periphery. In this review, we provide a summary of recent findings that explain how MCs act as a link between the innate and adaptive immunity, all the way from sensing inflammatory insult to orchestrating the final outcome of the immune response.
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27
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Prathapan KM, Ramos Rivers C, Anderson A, Koutroumpakis F, Koutroubakis IE, Babichenko D, Tan X, Tang G, Schwartz M, Proksell S, Johnston E, Hashash JG, Dunn M, Wilson A, Barrie A, Harrison J, Hartman D, Kim SC, Binion DG. Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia and Long-term Severity in Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1890-1900. [PMID: 31960916 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral blood eosinophilia (PBE) is a biomarker of an aggressive multiyear natural history in adults with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Additionally, PBE at diagnosis is associated with higher disease activity in pediatric-onset IBD. We sought to determine if PBE can function as a biomarker of long-term disease severity in pediatric-onset IBD patients who are followed into adulthood. METHODS We analyzed a consented, prospective, natural history IBD registry at an adult tertiary center from 2009 to 2018. Prevalence of PBE was evaluated in both pediatric- and adult-onset IBD patients. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and health care utilization data were compared in patients with and without PBE. RESULTS Among 2800 adult IBD patients, 23.4% had pediatric-onset disease. PBE was found in 34% of the pediatric-onset patients compared with 26.8% of the adult-onset IBD patients (P < 0.001). In the pediatric-onset IBD cohort, PBE was associated with higher rates of allergies (P < 0.0001), but not of asthma, allergic rhinitis, or primary sclerosing cholangitis. In the adult IBD patients with pediatric-onset disease, PBE was associated with higher rates of C-reactive protein elevation (P < 0.0001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate elevation (P < 0.0001), higher health care utilization, and higher average health care charges per year (P < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS Peripheral blood eosinophilia was more prevalent in adult IBD patients with pediatric-onset compared with adult-onset disease. Among all IBD patients with long-term follow-up, PBE defined a subgroup with more severe illness. These data suggest that PBE may be a biomarker for a high-risk subgroup with high cost trajectory and long-term severity in pediatric-onset IBD that persists into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Ramos Rivers
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alyce Anderson
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Filippos Koutroumpakis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ioannis E Koutroubakis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dmitriy Babichenko
- School of Information Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Tan
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gong Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marc Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Siobhan Proksell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elyse Johnston
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jana G Hashash
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Dunn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Annette Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arthur Barrie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Janet Harrison
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Douglas Hartman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sandra C Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David G Binion
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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28
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Pinheiro-Torres AS, Ferreira-Duarte AP, Takeshita WM, Gushiken VO, Roncalho-Buck IA, Anhê GF, Antunes E, DeSouza IA. Airways exposure of bacterial superantigen SEB enhances bone marrow eosinophil population and facilitates its egress to blood and lung tissue. Life Sci 2020; 264:118685. [PMID: 33137369 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiation of bone marrow eosinophils (BM-EO) and its trafficking to peripheral blood and respiratory mucosa are a hallmark of inflammatory diseases. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) has been shown to aggravate airways eosinophilic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of mouse airways SEB exposure on BM-EO population, as well as its adhesive properties and release of cytokines/chemokines that orchestrate BM-EO trafficking to lungs. METHODS Male BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed to SEB (1 μg), and at 4, 16, 24 and 48 h thereafter, bone marrow (BM), circulating blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected. Levels of cytokines/chemokines and expressions of VLA-4 and CCR3 in BM were evaluated. Adhesion of BM to ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were also evaluated. RESULTS SEB exposure promoted a marked eosinophil influx to BAL at 16 and 24 h after exposure, which was accompanied by significant increases in counts of immature (16 h) and mature (4 to 48 h) forms of eosinophil in BM, along with blood eosinophilia (16 h). In BM, higher levels of eotaxin, IL-5, IL-4, IL-3 and IL-7 were detected at 16 to 48 h. SEB also significantly increased CCR3 expression and calcium levels in BM-EO, and enhanced the cell adhesion to ICAM-1 (24 h) and ICAM-1 (48 h). CONCLUSION Airways SEB exposure increases the number of eosinophils in BM by mechanisms involving a network of cytokine and chemokine release, facilitating the BM-EO adhesion to ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 to gain access to the peripheral blood and lung tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Pinheiro-Torres
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A P Ferreira-Duarte
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - W M Takeshita
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - V O Gushiken
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I A Roncalho-Buck
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G F Anhê
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - E Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - I A DeSouza
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Sookrung N, Tungtrongchitr A, Chaicumpa W. Cockroaches: Allergens, Component-Resolved Diagnosis (CRD) and Component-Resolved Immunotherapy. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 21:124-141. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190731144043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are assuming increasing trend of prevalence worldwide. The diseases confer increasing demand on medical and healthcare facilities. Patients with allergies have poor quality of life and impaired cognition. Adult patients have subpar working efficiency while afflicted children are less effective at school, often have school absenteeism and need more attention of their caregivers. All of them lead to negative socio-economic impact. This narrative review focuses on cockroach allergy including currently recognized cockroach allergens, pathogenic mechanisms of allergy, componentresolved diagnosis and allergen-specific immunotherapy, particularly the component-resolved immunotherapy and the molecular mechanisms that bring about resolution of the chronic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitat Sookrung
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tungtrongchitr
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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30
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Zhao S, Tang Y, Hong L, Xu M, Pan S, Zhen K, Tang R, Zhai X, Shi Z, Wang H. Interleukin 2 regulates the activation of human basophils. Cytokine 2020; 127:154934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Rowley JE, Amargant F, Zhou LT, Galligos A, Simon LE, Pritchard MT, Duncan FE. Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronan Induces an Inflammatory Response in Ovarian Stromal Cells and Impairs Gamete Development In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031036. [PMID: 32033185 PMCID: PMC7036885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ovarian stroma, the microenvironment in which female gametes grow and mature, becomes inflamed and fibrotic with age. Hyaluronan is a major component of the ovarian extracellular matrix (ECM), and in other aging tissues, accumulation of low molecular weight (LMW) hyaluronan fragments can drive inflammation. Thus, we hypothesized that LMW hyaluronan fragments contribute to female reproductive aging by stimulating an inflammatory response in the ovarian stroma and impairing gamete quality. To test this hypothesis, isolated mouse ovarian stromal cells or secondary stage ovarian follicles were treated with physiologically relevant (10 or 100 μg/mL) concentrations of 200 kDa LMW hyaluronan. In ovarian stromal cells, acute LMW hyaluronan exposure, at both doses, resulted in the secretion of a predominantly type 2 (Th2) inflammatory cytokine profile as revealed by a cytokine antibody array of conditioned media. Additional qPCR analyses of ovarian stromal cells demonstrated a notable up-regulation of the eotaxin receptor Ccr3 and activation of genes involved in eosinophil recruitment through the IL5-CCR3 signaling pathway. These findings were consistent with an age-dependent increase in ovarian stromal expression of Ccl11, a major CCR3 ligand. When ovarian follicles were cultured in 10 or 100 μg/mL LMW hyaluronan for 12 days, gametes with compromised morphology and impaired meiotic competence were produced. In the 100 μg/mL condition, LMW hyaluronan induced premature meiotic resumption, ultimately leading to in vitro aging of the resulting eggs. Further, follicles cultured in this LMW hyaluronan concentration produced significantly less estradiol, suggesting compromised granulosa cell function. Taken together, these data demonstrate that bioactive LMW hyaluronan fragments may contribute to reproductive aging by driving an inflammatory stromal milieu, potentially through eosinophils, and by directly compromising gamete quality through impaired granulosa cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Rowley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.E.R.); (F.A.); (L.T.Z.); (L.E.S.)
| | - Farners Amargant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.E.R.); (F.A.); (L.T.Z.); (L.E.S.)
| | - Luhan T. Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.E.R.); (F.A.); (L.T.Z.); (L.E.S.)
| | - Anna Galligos
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Leah E. Simon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.E.R.); (F.A.); (L.T.Z.); (L.E.S.)
| | - Michele T. Pritchard
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
- Correspondence: (M.T.P.); (F.E.D.); Tel.: +913-588-0383 (M.T.P.); +312-503-2172 (F.E.D.)
| | - Francesca E. Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.E.R.); (F.A.); (L.T.Z.); (L.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.T.P.); (F.E.D.); Tel.: +913-588-0383 (M.T.P.); +312-503-2172 (F.E.D.)
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Doroudchi A, Pathria M, Modena BD. Asthma biologics: Comparing trial designs, patient cohorts and study results. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 124:44-56. [PMID: 31655122 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Five biologic therapies have FDA-approved indications for difficult-to-control asthma. The clinical trials that proved the efficacy and safety of these biologics were often similar in their inclusion criteria, study designs, and endpoints. Many of these trials have been reanalyzed post hoc to identify subsets of subjects considered to be enhanced responders. As a result, keeping up with the literature and deciding on the most appropriate biologic for our patients has become increasingly difficult. This review summarizes and compares trial designs, patient cohorts, and study results of the major trials involving these therapies. DATA SOURCES Included are basic science articles, online Food and Drug Administration (FDA) applications, and all the published reports of phase II and phase III clinical trials for FDA-approved asthma biologics. STUDY SELECTIONS Included are the major phase II and phase III clinical trials of 5 asthma biologics. RESULTS Because of variations in inclusion criteria and natural variations in enrolled cohorts, the baseline clinical traits and severity of study populations in asthma biologic trials differed significantly, which is important because baseline annualized exacerbation rates and blood eosinophilia are both strong predictors of a biologic's success. Notwithstanding, the trial results, when considered together, can help guide care providers in choosing the most appropriate biologic for our patients. CONCLUSION Understanding the details and differences in asthma biologic trial designs, patient cohorts, and in study results will help care providers make more informed decisions when choosing a biologic. We are hopeful this review will serve as a reference to care providers for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Doroudchi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mohini Pathria
- Division of Allergy, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Brian D Modena
- Division of Allergy, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.
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Messingham KN, Crowe TP, Fairley JA. The Intersection of IgE Autoantibodies and Eosinophilia in the Pathogenesis of Bullous Pemphigoid. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2331. [PMID: 31636640 PMCID: PMC6787172 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease characterized by autoantibodies targeting cellular adhesion molecules. While IgE autoantibodies are occasionally reported in other autoimmune blistering diseases, BP is unique in that most BP patients develop an IgE autoantibody response. It is not known why BP patients develop self-reactive IgE and the precise role of IgE in BP pathogenesis is not fully understood. However, clinical evidence suggests an association between elevated IgE antibodies and eosinophilia in BP patients. Since eosinophils are multipotent effector cells, capable cytotoxicity and immune modulation, the putative interaction between IgE and eosinophils is a primary focus in current studies aimed at understanding the key components of disease pathogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of BP pathogenesis, highlighting clinical and experimental evidence supporting central roles for IgE and eosinophils as independent mediators of disease and via their interaction. Additionally, therapeutics targeting IgE, the Th2 axis, or eosinophils are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N Messingham
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Tyler P Crowe
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Janet A Fairley
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.,Iowa City VA Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States
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34
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Mariani SA, Li Z, Rice S, Krieg C, Fragkogianni S, Robinson M, Vink CS, Pollard JW, Dzierzak E. Pro-inflammatory Aorta-Associated Macrophages Are Involved in Embryonic Development of Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Immunity 2019; 50:1439-1452.e5. [PMID: 31178352 PMCID: PMC6591003 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are generated from specialized endothelial cells of the embryonic aorta. Inflammatory factors are implicated in regulating mouse HSC development, but which cells in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) microenvironment produce these factors is unknown. In the adult, macrophages play both pro- and anti-inflammatory roles. We sought to examine whether macrophages or other hematopoietic cells found in the embryo prior to HSC generation were involved in the AGM HSC-generative microenvironment. CyTOF analysis of CD45+ AGM cells revealed predominance of two hematopoietic cell types, mannose-receptor positive macrophages and mannose-receptor negative myeloid cells. We show here that macrophage appearance in the AGM was dependent on the chemokine receptor Cx3cr1. These macrophages expressed a pro-inflammatory signature, localized to the aorta, and dynamically interacted with nascent and emerging intra-aortic hematopoietic cells (IAHCs). Importantly, upon macrophage depletion, no adult-repopulating HSCs were detected, thus implicating a role for pro-inflammatory AGM-associated macrophages in regulating the development of HSCs. Yolk-sac-derived macrophages are the most abundant hematopoietic cells in the AGM Cx3cr1 mediates yolk-sac macrophage progenitor recruitment to the AGM niche AGM macrophages dynamically interact with emerging intra-aortic hematopoietic cells Pro-inflammatory AGM macrophages are positive regulators of HSC generation
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhuan Li
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Siobhan Rice
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carsten Krieg
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Elaine Dzierzak
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Fereidouni M, Derakhshani A, Yue S, Nasseri S, Farid Hosseini R, Bakhshaee M, Vahidian F, Exley MA. Evaluation of the frequency of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in nasal polyps. Clin Immunol 2019; 205:125-129. [PMID: 31152891 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nasal polyps (NP) are associated with inflamed mucosa of unknown etiology. The role of T cells in nasal polyposis is unclear. Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) can promote Th2 responses and have been implicated in some types of asthma. As there are shared inflammatory pathways involved in asthma and NPs, we evaluated the frequency of iNKT in 17 patients with NPs, but without asthma. A median of 6% polyp cells were T lymphocytes, of which iNKT were 0 to 2.38% (mean 0.674%). In the matched group (n = 10), iNKT in NPs was significantly higher than PBMCs (1.057% vs 0.155%, P < 0.05). Relative expression of Vα24 to TCR-beta genes in polyps (n = 14) was higher than blood in matched samples (n = 4). The presence of greater proportions of iNKT in NPs than in blood suggests that iNKT may play a role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fereidouni
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Asthma, Allergy & Immunology Research Center, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simon Yue
- Division of Gastroenterology, Endoscopy, and Hepatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Saeed Nasseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reza Farid Hosseini
- Immunology Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakhshaee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Imam Reza Educational Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Vahidian
- Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mark A Exley
- Division of Gastroenterology, Endoscopy, and Hepatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Manchester, UK.
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36
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Kelbich P, Malý V, Matuchová I, Čegan M, Staněk I, Král J, Karpjuk O, Moudrá-Wünschová I, Kubalík J, Hanuljaková E, Krejsek J. Cytological-energy analysis of pleural effusions. Ann Clin Biochem 2019; 56:630-637. [PMID: 31037951 DOI: 10.1177/0004563219845415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Simultaneous cytological and metabolic investigation of the pleural effusion provides clinically relevant information about the type and intensity of immune response in the pleural cavity. Methods We investigated 1329 pleural effusions from patients with different pathological changes in the pleural cavity. Evaluated parameters were differential cell count of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, and values of the coefficient of energy balance. Results We found the lowest numbers of cells and the highest coefficient of energy balance values in patients with heart failure and sepsis; relatively high frequency of eosinophils and slightly decreased coefficient of energy balance values in patients with pneumothorax and haemothorax; the predominance of lymphocytes and low coefficient of energy balance values in patients with tuberculous pleuritis; the predominance of neutrophils and variable coefficient of energy balance values in patients after chest surgery; the highest presence of neutrophils and very low coefficient of energy balance values in patients with chest empyema and the predominance of lymphocytes and normal to low coefficient of energy balance values in patients with pleural malignancy. Conclusions Our findings in patients with heart failure and sepsis suggest the absence of inflammation in the pleural cavity. We observed the manifestation of tissue repair in patients with pneumothorax and haemothorax. Patients with tuberculous pleuritis were predominantly characterized by T cell-driven immune response and oxidative burst of macrophages. We found different intensities of immune responses to the chest surgery. The typical finding in patients with empyema was oxidative burst of neutrophils. In patients with pleural malignancy, weak cytotoxic inflammation predominates together with the intensive inflammation characterized by oxidative burst of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kelbich
- Biomedical Centre, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.,Laboratory for Cerebrospinal Fluid, Neuroimmunology, Pathology and Special Diagnostics Topelex, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Vilém Malý
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Inka Matuchová
- Biomedical Centre, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.,Laboratory for Cerebrospinal Fluid, Neuroimmunology, Pathology and Special Diagnostics Topelex, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Čegan
- Department of Pathology, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí Labem nad, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Staněk
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Král
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Karpjuk
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Moudrá-Wünschová
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kubalík
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Hanuljaková
- Biomedical Centre, Masaryk Hospital Ústí nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.,Laboratory for Cerebrospinal Fluid, Neuroimmunology, Pathology and Special Diagnostics Topelex, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Ahsan F, Shabbir A, Shahzad M, Mobashar A, Sharif M, Basheer MI, Tareen RB, Syed NIH. Amelioration of allergic asthma by Ziziphora clinopodioides via upregulation of aquaporins and downregulation of IL4 and IL5. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 266:39-46. [PMID: 31015030 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ziziphora clinopodioides has been frequently used as an anti asthmatic plant in traditional medication. Recent work explores the anti-asthmatic activity of Z. clinopodioides in allergen-induced asthmatic mice. Intraperitoneal sensitization followed by intranasal challenge were given with ovalbumin (allergen) to develop allergic asthma. Investigational groups of animals were administered with drug methylprednisolone (MP) (15 mg/kg body weight), n-hexane fraction, ethylacetate fraction, and methanolic extract of Z. clinopodioides extract (500 mg/kg b.w.) for successive 07 days. Hematoxyline and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stains were used to evaluate histopathological parameters on lung tissues. As an index of lungs tissues edema, wet/dry weight ratio of lungs was determined. Evaluation of expression levels of AQP1, AQP5, IL4, and IL5 was conducted by using RT-PCR. The data exhibited that both Z. clinopodioides and MP attenuated differential and total leukocyte counts in hematological examination i.e. in BALF and blood. Treatment with Z. clinopodioides also caused suppression of inflammatory cell infiltration and expression levels of IL4 and IL5, the later could have caused attenuation of pulmonary inflammation. The study also found decline in lung wet/dry ratio and goblet cellh hyperplasia in treated groups which indicates amelioration of lung edema. Treatment with Z. clinopodioides significantly increased the expression levels of aquaporin-1 and -5, which could have led to reduction in lung edema. The treatment with MP showed comparable results to Z. clinopodioides. Current investigation revealed that Z. clinopodioides possessed anti-asthmatic property which might be accredited to upregulagted AQP1 and AQP5 levels and downregulated IL4 and IL5 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ahsan
- Pharmacology section, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arham Shabbir
- Pharmacology section, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore-Gujrat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Mobashar
- Pharmacology section, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Marriam Sharif
- Pharmacology section, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ulambayar B, Lee H, Yang EM, Park HS, Lee K, Ye YM. Dimerized, Not Monomeric, Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein Induces Basophil Activation and Mast Cell Degranulation in Chronic Urticaria. Immune Netw 2019; 19:e20. [PMID: 31281717 PMCID: PMC6597440 DOI: 10.4110/in.2019.19.e20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is also known as histamine releasing factor as it has the ability to activate mast cells. To investigate the role of TCTP in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), we evaluated serum level of TCTP and effect of TCTP on basophil and mast cell degranulation. TCTP levels in the sera from 116 CSU patients and 70 normal healthy controls (NCs) were measured by ELISA. CD203c expression on basophils from CSU patients and β-hexosaminidase release from Laboratory of Allergic Disease 2 mast cells were measured upon stimulation monomeric and dimeric TCTP. Non-reducing Western blot analysis was used for detecting dimeric TCTP. No difference was observed in serum TCTP levels between CSU patients and NCs (p=0.676). However, dimeric TCTP intensity on Western blot was stronger in CSU patients than in NCs. TCTP levels were higher in patients with severe CSU (p=0.049) and with IgG positivity to FcɛRIα (p=0.038). A significant positive correlation was observed between TCTP and eosinophil cationic protein levels (Spearman's rho=0.341; p=0.001). Both basophil and mast cell degranulation were significantly increased after stimulation with dimeric TCTP, but not with monomic TCTP. The ability of TCTP to activate basophil and mast cells is dependent on dimerization, suggesting that the inhibition of TCTP dimerization can be a therapeutic option for CSU. Association between TCTP levels and the presence of IgG to high affinity Fc epsilon receptor I alpha subunit in CSU patients indicates that autoimmune mechanisms may be involved in the dimerization of TCTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastsetseg Ulambayar
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Heewon Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Yang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Kyunglim Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
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Identification and regulation of the long non-coding RNA Heat2 in heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 126:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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40
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Lu KH, Su SC, Lin CW, Hsieh YH, Lin YC, Chien MH, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Melatonin attenuates osteosarcoma cell invasion by suppression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 through inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12507. [PMID: 29766567 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, with its high metastatic potential, is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Melatonin possesses multiple tumor-suppressing properties for a myriad of tumors, but little is known about the effects of melatonin on osteosarcoma metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that melatonin elicited very low cytotoxicity and significantly inhibited cellular motility, migration, and invasion in human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells. Moreover, using RNA sequencing technology, we revealed that melatonin repressed C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 (CCL24) gene expression in U2OS cells. Manipulation of CCL24 levels influenced the motility of osteosarcoma cells as cell migration and invasion were enhanced by the addition of recombinant human CCL24 and attenuated by the silencing of CCL24. Moreover, melatonin increased and decreased the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) 1/2, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner in U2OS and HOS cells while exerting no evident influence on the level and activation of p38, Akt, FAK, steroid receptor coactivator, or Raf. In further functional experiments, the use of JNK inhibitors (SP600125 and DN-JNK) confirmed that the pharmaceutic inhibition of JNK augmented the melatonin-mediated CCL24 suppression and migration of U2OS cells. Overall, our results revealed that melatonin attenuated chemokine CCL24 levels through inhibition of the JNK pathway to hinder human osteosarcoma cell invasion, thereby highlighting the therapeutic potential of melatonin for osteosarcoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chiu Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Squalene Stimulates a Key Innate Immune Cell to Foster Wound Healing and Tissue Repair. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:9473094. [PMID: 30363968 PMCID: PMC6186384 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9473094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory effects of virgin olive oil (VOO) have been described recently, along with its wound healing effect. One of the main minor compounds found in VOO is squalene (SQ), which also possesses preventive effects against skin damage and anti-inflammatory properties. The inflammatory response is involved in wound healing and manages the whole process by macrophages, among others, as the main innate cells with a critical role in the promotion and resolution of inflammation for tissue repair. Because of that, this work is claimed to describe the role that squalene exerts in the immunomodulation of M1 proinflammatory macrophages, which are the first cells implicate in recent injuries. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were analysed using TPH1 cell experimental model. SQ induced an increase in the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, IL-13, and IL-4, and a decrease in proinflammatory signals, such as TNF-α and NF-κB in M1 proinflammatory macrophages. Furthermore, SQ enhanced remodelling and repairing signals (TIMP-2) and recruitment signals of eosinophils and neutrophils, responsible for phagocytosis processes. These results suggest that SQ is able to promote wound healing by driving macrophage response in inflammation. Therefore, squalene could be useful at the resolution stage of wound healing.
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Chusid MJ. Eosinophils: Friends or Foes? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2018; 6:1439-1444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Chiarchiaro J, Tomsic L, Strock S, Veraldi K, Nouraie M, Sellares J, Lindell K, Ortiz L, Sciurba F, Kucera R, Yousem S, Fuhrman C, Kass D, Gibson K. A case series describing common radiographic and pathologic patterns of hard metal pneumoconiosis. Respir Med Case Rep 2018; 25:124-128. [PMID: 30128271 PMCID: PMC6098207 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hard metal pneumoconiosis is a rare but serious disease of the lungs associated with inhalational exposure to tungsten or cobalt dust. Little is known about the radiologic and pathologic characteristics of this disease and the efficacy of treating with immunosuppression. Objective We describe the largest cohort of patients with hard metal pneumoconiosis in the literature, including radiographic and pathologic patterns as well as treatment options. Methods We retrospectively identified patients from the University of Pittsburgh pathology registry between the years of 1985 and 2016. Experts in chest radiology and pulmonary pathology reviewed the cases for radiologic and pathologic patterns. Results We identified 23 patients with a pathologic pattern of hard metal pneumoconiosis. The most common radiographic findings were ground glass opacities (93%) and small nodules (64%). Of 20 surgical biopsies, 17 (85%) showed features of giant cell interstitial pneumonia. Most patients received systemic corticosteroids and/or steroid-sparing immunosuppression. Conclusions Hard metal pneumoconiosis is characterized predominately by radiographic ground glass opacities and giant cell interstitial pneumonia on histopathology. Systemic corticosteroids and steroid-sparing immunosuppression are common treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Chiarchiaro
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Corresponding author. 628NW MUH 3459 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh PA, 15213, USA.
| | - L.R. Tomsic
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - S. Strock
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - K.L. Veraldi
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - M. Nouraie
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - J. Sellares
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- Interstitial Lung Disease Program, Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K.O. Lindell
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - L.A. Ortiz
- Division of Occupational Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - F.C. Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - R.F. Kucera
- Excela Westmoreland Hospital, Greensburg PA, USA
| | - S.A. Yousem
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - C.R. Fuhrman
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - D.J. Kass
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - K.F. Gibson
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
- The Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh PA, USA
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Diagnostic Potential of Systemic Eosinophil-Associated Cytokines and Growth Factors in IBD. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:7265812. [PMID: 30147719 PMCID: PMC6083643 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7265812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the acknowledged contribution of eosinophils to the disease pathogenesis, available data on cytokines closely related to the peripheral eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are scattered. We assessed the concentrations of eosinophil-associated cytokines and growth factors in the group of 277 individuals (101 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 77 with ulcerative colitis (UC), 16 with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and 83 healthy controls) and referred to IBD activity and the levels of hsCRP. As compared to IBS patients or healthy controls, patients with CD had significantly higher levels of IL5, IL8, IL12(p70), GM-CSF, and TNFα and patients with UC, the levels of eotaxin, IL4, IL5, IL8, IL12(p70), IL13, GM-CSF, and TNFα were also higher. As compared to CD patients, patients with UC had significantly higher levels of eotaxin, IL4, IL5, IL8, and IL1. In turn, the concentrations of hsCRP were significantly higher in CD than UC. Except for IL13, all cytokines and hsCRP positively correlated with CDAI. In UC, a positive correlation with MDAI was observed for hsCRP, GM-CSF, IL12(p70), and IFNγ and a negative one for IL8. The concentrations of hsCRP, GM-CSF, IFNγ, IL12(p70), and RANTES were higher in UC patients with active than inactive disease whereas those of IL8 and TNFα were significantly lower. Eotaxin, determined individually or in a panel with IFNγ and hsCRP, showed fair accuracy in differentiating CD from UC. If confirmed on a larger representation of IBS patients, IL8 might support differential diagnosis of organic and functional conditions of the bowel. GM-CSF, in turn, demonstrated to be an excellent indicator of bowel inflammation and may be taken into consideration as a noninvasive marker of mucosal healing. In summary, eosinophil-associated cytokines are elevated in IBD, more pronouncedly in UC, and may support the differential diagnosis of IBD and aid in monitoring of mucosal healing.
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Eaton JRO, Alenazi Y, Singh K, Davies G, Geis-Asteggiante L, Kessler B, Robinson CV, Kawamura A, Bhattacharya S. The N-terminal domain of a tick evasin is critical for chemokine binding and neutralization and confers specific binding activity to other evasins. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:6134-6146. [PMID: 29487134 PMCID: PMC5912465 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tick chemokine-binding proteins (evasins) are an emerging class of biologicals that target multiple chemokines and show anti-inflammatory activities in preclinical disease models. Using yeast surface display, we identified a CCL8-binding evasin, P672, from the tick Rhipicephalus pulchellus We found that P672 binds CCL8 and eight other CC-class chemokines with a Kd < 10 nm and four other CC chemokines with a Kd between 10 and 100 nm and neutralizes CCL3, CCL3L1, and CCL8 with an IC50 < 10 nm The CC chemokine-binding profile was distinct from that of evasin 1 (EVA1), which does not bind CCL8. We also show that P672's binding activity can be markedly modulated by the location of a StrepII-His purification tag. Combining native MS and bottom-up proteomics, we further demonstrated that P672 is glycosylated and forms a 1:1 complex with CCL8, disrupting CCL8 homodimerization. Homology modeling of P672 using the crystal structure of the EVA1 and CCL3 complex as template suggested that 44 N-terminal residues of P672 form most of the contacts with CCL8. Replacing the 29 N-terminal residues of EVA1 with the 44 N-terminal residues of P672 enabled this hybrid evasin to bind and neutralize CCL8, indicating that the CCL8-binding properties of P672 reside, in part, in its N-terminal residues. This study shows that the function of certain tick evasins can be manipulated simply by adding a tag. We conclude that homology modeling helps identify regions with transportable chemokine-binding functions within evasins, which can be used to construct hybrid evasins with altered properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R O Eaton
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine
- the Department of Chemistry, and
| | - Yara Alenazi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine
| | - Kamayani Singh
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine
| | - Graham Davies
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine
| | | | - Benedikt Kessler
- the Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Akane Kawamura
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine
- the Department of Chemistry, and
| | - Shoumo Bhattacharya
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine,
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Lampinen M, Fredricsson A, Vessby J, Martinez JF, Wanders A, Rorsman F, Carlson M. Downregulated eosinophil activity in ulcerative colitis with concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:173-183. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0517-175r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lampinen
- Department of Medical Sciences; Gastroenterology Research Group; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Annika Fredricsson
- Department of Medical Sciences; Gastroenterology Research Group; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Johan Vessby
- Department of Medical Sciences; Gastroenterology Research Group; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Johana Fernandez Martinez
- Department of Medical Sciences; Gastroenterology Research Group; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Alkwin Wanders
- Department of Medical Biosciences; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rorsman
- Department of Medical Sciences; Gastroenterology Research Group; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marie Carlson
- Department of Medical Sciences; Gastroenterology Research Group; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
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Tong Y, Yang T, Wang J, Zhao T, Wang L, Kang Y, Cheng C, Fan Y. Elevated Plasma Chemokines for Eosinophils in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders during Remission. Front Neurol 2018; 9:44. [PMID: 29497397 PMCID: PMC5819570 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A prominent pathological feature of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is markedly greater eosinophilic infiltration than that seen in other demyelinating diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS). Eosinophils express the chemokine receptor CCR3, which is activated by eotaxins (CCL11/eotaxin-1, CCL24/eotaxin-2, CCL26/eotaxin-3) and CCL13 [monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-4]. Moreover, CCL13 is part of the chemokine set that activates CCR2. The present study aimed to evaluate plasma levels of eotaxins (CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26) and MCPs (CCL13, CCL2, CCL8, and CCL7) in patients with NMOSD during remission. Methods Healthy controls (HC; n = 30) and patients with MS (n = 47) and NMOSD (n = 58) in remission were consecutively enrolled in this study between January 2016 and August 2017. Plasma CCL11, CCL24, CCL26, CCL2, CCL8, CCL7, CCL13, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β levels were detected using the human cytokine multiplex assay. Results Plasma CCL13, CCL11, and CCL26 levels were all significantly higher in patients with NMOSD than in HC and patients with MS. No significant differences were found in the CCL13, CCL11, or CCL26 levels between patients with NMOSD receiving and not receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, which stimulate the above chemokines, were higher in patients with NMOSD than in HC. There was no difference in CCL24 levels among the three groups. In most cases, the CCL7 levels were below the threshold value of the human cytokine multiplex assay, which is in line with other studies. Adjusted multiple regression analyses showed a positive association of CCL13 levels with the number of relapses after controlling gender, age, body mass index, and disease duration in patients with NMOSD. Conclusion The study indicates that in NMOSD, the overproduction of cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α during remission stimulates eosinophilic chemoattractants such as CCL13, CCL11, and CCL26, which in turn bind to their receptor (CCR3); this could lead to eosinophil hypersensitivity. These findings suggest that the elevated secretion of CCL13, CCL11, and CCL26 may be a critical step in eosinophil recruitment during NMOSD remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Tong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,TCM Brain Research Institution, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,TCM Brain Research Institution, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- First Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyou Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuezhi Kang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuicui Cheng
- First Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yongping Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,TCM Brain Research Institution, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Katz Sand I, Fabian MT, Telford R, Kraus TA, Chehade M, Masilamani M, Moran T, Farrell C, Ebel S, Cook LJ, Rose J, Lublin FD. Open-label, add-on trial of cetirizine for neuromyelitis optica. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2018; 5:e441. [PMID: 30426035 PMCID: PMC6201737 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective This pilot study preliminarily examined the efficacy and tolerability of cetirizine as an add-on to standard therapy for neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Methods Eligible participants met the Wingerchuk 2006 diagnostic criteria or had a single typical episode along with positive NMO immunoglobulin G. After baseline clinical and laboratory assessments, participants began treatment with cetirizine 10 mg orally daily, in addition to their usual disease-modifying therapy for NMO, and continued for 1 year. The primary end point was the annualized relapse rate (ARR) while on the same disease-modifying therapy before starting cetirizine compared with after taking cetirizine. Additional end points included disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]), relapse severity, tolerability, especially with respect to drowsiness measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and laboratory parameters. Results The ARR before cetirizine was 0.4 ± 0.80 and after cetirizine was 0.1 ± 0.24 (p = 0.047). There was no statistically significant difference in the EDSS (mean 3.9 ± 2.18 before the start of the study and 3.2 ± 2.31 at the conclusion of the study, p = 0.500). The ESS remained fairly consistent throughout the study (mean 6.5 ± 5.33 at baseline and 6.9 ± 4.50 at month 12, p = 0.740). Laboratory studies were unrevealing. Conclusions In this pilot study, cetirizine was well tolerated, and the prespecified primary efficacy end point was satisfied. However, the open-label design and the small sample size of this pilot study preclude definitive conclusions. Further research is needed. Classification of evidence This study provides Class IV evidence that in patients with NMO, the addition of cetirizine to standard therapy is safe, well tolerated, and reduces relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Katz Sand
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Michelle T Fabian
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Russell Telford
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Thomas A Kraus
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Mirna Chehade
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Madhan Masilamani
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Thomas Moran
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Colleen Farrell
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Shelly Ebel
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Lawrence J Cook
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - John Rose
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Fred D Lublin
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis (I.K.S., M.F., C.F., S.E., F.L.), Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.T., L.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Drug Discovery Institute (T.A.K.), Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders (M.C.), Jaffe Food Allergy Institute (M.M.), Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Microbiology (T.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY; Department of Neurology (J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City
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Gu JM, Yuan S, Sim D, Abe K, Liu P, Rosenbruch M, Bringmann P, Kauser K. Blockade of placental growth factor reduces vaso-occlusive complications in murine models of sickle cell disease. Exp Hematol 2018; 60:73-82.e3. [PMID: 29337222 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is the most common and debilitating complication of sickle cell disease (SCD); recurrent episodes cause organ damage and contribute to early mortality. Plasma placental growth factor (PlGF) levels are elevated in SCD and can further increase under hypoxic conditions in SCD mice. Treatment with a PlGF-neutralizing antibody (anti-PlGF Ab) in SCD mice reduced levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-3, eotaxin, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 significantly, and of macrophage-derived chemokine and macrophage inflammatory protein-3β moderately; this may contribute to inhibition of leukocyte recruitment, activation, and thrombosis. In subsequent experiments, anti-PlGF Ab treatment significantly reduced plasma lactate dehydrogenase levels, indicating possible reduction in cellular destruction and/or hemolysis. Histopathology studies revealed decreased incidence and severity of congestion in the lungs and spleen with repeated anti-PlGF Ab treatment. Furthermore, anti-PlGF Ab significantly reduced vaso-occlusion events under hypoxic conditions in a modified dorsal skinfold chamber model in SCD mice. Therefore, elevated PlGF levels may contribute to recruitment and activation of leukocytes. This can subsequently lead to increased pathology of affected organs in addition to mediating acute hypoxia/reoxygenation-triggered vaso-occlusion under SCD conditions. Thus, targeting PlGF may offer a therapeutic approach to reduce acute VOC and possibly alleviate long-term vascular complications in patients with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Gu
- Bayer, U.S. Innovation Center, San Francisco, California.
| | - Shujun Yuan
- Bayer, U.S. Innovation Center, San Francisco, California.
| | - Derek Sim
- Bayer, U.S. Innovation Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Keith Abe
- Bayer, U.S. Innovation Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Perry Liu
- Bayer, U.S. Innovation Center, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Katalin Kauser
- Bayer, U.S. Innovation Center, San Francisco, California
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Valent P, Reiter A, Gotlib J. Eosinophilia, Eosinophil-Associated Diseases, Eosinophilic Leukemias, and the Hypereosinophilic Syndromes. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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