1
|
Grasaas E, Ostojic S, Jahre H. Adherence to sleep recommendations is associated with higher satisfaction with life among Norwegian adolescents. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1288. [PMID: 38730403 PMCID: PMC11088050 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep plays a crucial role in the health and well-being of adolescents; however, inadequate sleep is frequently reported in numerous countries. This current paper aimed to describe sleep duration, factors impacting sleep, consequences of insufficient sleep and satisfaction with life in Norwegian adolescents, stratified by sex and by adherence to the 8-hour sleep recommendation, and to examine potential associations between adherence to the 8-hours sleep recommendation and satisfaction with life. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Norwegian Ungdata Survey, collected in 2021. Adolescents from five Norwegian counties were included, comprising a total of 32,161 upper secondary school students. Study variables were collected through an electronic questionnaire administered during school hours and all data are anonymous. Descriptive data of sleep patterns are presented, and linear regressions were conducted adjusting for SES, perceived stress, physical activity level, over-the-counter analgesics use, grade level and screen time. RESULTS 73% of adolescents did not adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation per night, with similar results for girls and boys. 64% reported tiredness at school (minimum 1-2 days weekly) and 62% reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. 23% reported that gaming affected their sleep, with a higher prevalence in boys than girls. Satisfaction with life score was 7.0 ± 1.9 points (out of 10) for the total sample, with higher scores for boys (7.3 ± 1.8 points) than girls (6.9 ± 1.9 points). Regressions revealed a positive association with satisfaction with life (B = 0.31, 95% [0.15 to 0.48]) in adolescents adhering to sleep recommendation of 8h compared to the ones not adhering to the sleep recommendation. CONCLUSIONS Most Norwegian adolescents fail to adhere to the 8-hours of sleep recommendation and the majority feel tired at school or during activities. More than half of adolescents reported that screen time negatively affected their ability to sleep. Adhering to the sleep recommendation was associated with higher life satisfaction. Our findings highlight the importance of sufficient sleep in adolescents, while future research is needed to examine other sleep related measures on adolescents´ satisfaction with life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Postbox 422, 4604, Norway.
| | - Sergej Ostojic
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Postbox 422, 4604, Norway
| | - Henriette Jahre
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Center for Intelligent Musculoskeletal health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong RB, Dou KY, Luo J. Construction of a model for adolescent physical and mental health promotion based on the multiple mediating effects of general self-efficacy and sleep duration. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2293. [PMID: 37986158 PMCID: PMC10662560 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17197-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a model for promoting adolescent physical and mental health (MH) to investigate the integrated pathways of physical activity (PA), MH, general self-efficacy (GSE), and sleep duration (SD) promotion among adolescents in China. The research hypotheses were tested using questionnaires, descriptive statistics, and validated factor analysis. The mean age of the respondents was 14.94 ± 1.76 years, the PA level was 2.49 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.46-2.53], the GSE score was 2.60 (95% CI: 2.57-2.64), the SD was 436.52 min/day (95% CI: 432.89-440.15), and the total mean MH score was 1.72 (95% CI: 1.69-1.76) (model fitness index: χ2/df = 1.295, comparative fit index = 0.999, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.997, root mean square error of approximation = 0.014, standardized root mean square residual = 0.007). The SD accounted for 46.85% of the mediating effect. The adolescents exhibited moderately low PA levels, severe SD deficits, and high rates of overall MH abnormalities. Consequently, the constructed model for promoting adolescent physical health and MH was confirmed to be reliable; GSE and SD are significant factors mediating MH promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Bao Dong
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guizhou, China.
| | - Kai-Yun Dou
- School of Physical Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Luo
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Grasaas E, Rohde G, Haraldstad K, Helseth S, Småstuen MC, Skarstein S, Mikkelsen HT. Sleep duration in schooldays is associated with health-related quality of life in norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:473. [PMID: 37726691 PMCID: PMC10507926 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient sleep is commonly reported in adolescence and is negatively associated with a wide range of health outcomes. A way to grasp the complicated challenge of how sleep impact different aspects of the adolescents´ everyday life is by examining the relationship between sleep duration in schooldays and weekends on different health-related quality of life (HRQOL) subscales. Furthermore, to expand the understanding of possible underlying mechanisms between sleep and HRQOL, testing for self-efficacy as a possible mediator is of importance. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 696 adolescents aged 13-15 years from a school-based setting. All participants completed an electronic survey in their respective classrooms. The survey included demographic data, the School Sleep Habits Survey, the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire measuring HRQOL, and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistics software including PROCESS macro by Andrew Hayes. RESULTS Our findings revealed overall similar sleep patterns in boys and girls including longer sleep duration in the study sample during weekends (10:09 h) than in schooldays (08:36 h). Regression analyses revealed that sleep duration in schooldays was positively and statistically associated with HRQOL subscales psychological well-being (95% CI [0.44 to 1.33]), autonomy and parents (95% CI [0.12 to 1.06]), school environment (95% CI [0.47 to 1.40]), and self-efficacy (95% CI [0.01 to 0.47]). Sleep duration in weekends revealed no associations with the HRQOL subscales, except for the HRQOL subscale psychological well-being (95% CI [0.09 to 0.85]). Mediation analyses revealed that sleep duration in schooldays explained most of the associations (64 - 75%) in 4 out 5 HRQOL subscales, except in the association with the HRQOL subscale physical well-being revealing an indirect effect of 71.9%. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study described sleep among Norwegian adolescents and demonstrated that sleep durations in weekends and schooldays impact HRQOL and self-efficacy, revealing overall better outcome in HRQOL and self-efficacy with sufficient sleep during schooldays. These findings support the regularity of sleep and highlight the importance of sufficient sleep during schooldays, especially in a school-based sample of adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Gudrun Rohde
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Clinical Research, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv Skarstein
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Timenes Mikkelsen
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Perpétuo C, El-Sheikh M, Diniz E, Veríssimo M. Attachment to Mother and Father, Sleep, and Well-Being in Late Middle Childhood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3399. [PMID: 36834099 PMCID: PMC9965866 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The security of attachment has been related to several advantageous developmental outcomes, such as good sleep quality and higher well-being indicators. However, few studies concern the associations between attachment dimensions to both parents, sleep, and well-being in late middle childhood. Our study aims to expand knowledge in this area, clarifying the above-mentioned associations by considering the secure base and safe haven dimensions of attachment. We also investigate the role of sleep as a mediator of the relationship between attachment and well-being. The 258 participants (49.2% girls, mean age = 11.19, SD = 0.85) completed self-report questionnaires regarding attachment (KSS), sleep (SSR), and well-being (CHIP-CE). The results show significant associations between attachment to both parents (0.40 ** ≤ r ≤ 0.61 **) and between attachment security, sleep (-0.21 ** ≤ r ≤ -0.35 **) and child well-being (0.42 ** ≤ r ≤ 0.47 **). Besides, sleep quality partially mediated the relations between all attachment dimensions to both parents and well-being. The results are discussed in light of attachment theory, focusing on the comparison between attachment to mother and father as a valid framework to unravel differences in child well-being, with sleep as a process that can help to explain the mechanisms through which attachment security enables subjective perceptions of well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona El-Sheikh
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Eva Diniz
- William James Center for Research, ISPA, 1100-287 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Covington LB. Poor sleep health in early childhood is a social justice issue: A call to action. J Adv Nurs 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.15529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B. Covington
- School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences University of Delaware Newark Delaware USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Okely AD, Ghersi D, Loughran SP, Cliff DP, Shilton T, Jones RA, Stanley RM, Sherring J, Toms N, Eckermann S, Olds TS, Zhang Z, Parrish AM, Kervin L, Downie S, Salmon J, Bannerman C, Needham T, Marshall E, Kaufman J, Brown L, Wille J, Wood G, Lubans DR, Biddle SJH, Pill S, Hargreaves A, Jonas N, Schranz N, Campbell P, Ingram K, Dean H, Verrender A, Ellis Y, Chong KH, Dumuid D, Katzmarzyk PT, Draper CE, Lewthwaite H, Tremblay MS. A collaborative approach to adopting/adapting guidelines. The Australian 24-hour movement guidelines for children (5-12 years) and young people (13-17 years): An integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:2. [PMID: 34991606 PMCID: PMC8734238 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01236-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Background In 2018, the Australian Government updated the Australian Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Young People. A requirement of this update was the incorporation of a 24-hour approach to movement, recognising the importance of adequate sleep. The purpose of this paper was to describe how the updated Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Young People (5 to 17 years): an integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep were developed and the outcomes from this process. Methods The GRADE-ADOLOPMENT approach was used to develop the guidelines. A Leadership Group was formed, who identified existing credible guidelines. The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth best met the criteria established by the Leadership Group. These guidelines were evaluated based on the evidence in the GRADE tables, summaries of findings tables and recommendations from the Canadian Guidelines. We conducted updates to each of the Canadian systematic reviews. A Guideline Development Group reviewed, separately and in combination, the evidence for each behaviour. A choice was then made to adopt or adapt the Canadian recommendations for each behaviour or create de novo recommendations. We then conducted an online survey (n=237) along with three focus groups (n=11 in total) and 13 key informant interviews. Stakeholders used these to provide feedback on the draft guidelines. Results Based on the evidence from the Canadian systematic reviews and the updated systematic reviews in Australia, the Guideline Development Group agreed to adopt the Canadian recommendations and, apart from some minor changes to the wording of good practice statements, maintain the wording of the guidelines, preamble, and title of the Canadian Guidelines. The Australian Guidelines provide evidence-informed recommendations for a healthy day (24-hours), integrating physical activity, sedentary behaviour (including limits to screen time), and sleep for children (5-12 years) and young people (13-17 years). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is only the second time the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT approach has been used to develop movement behaviour guidelines. The judgments of the Australian Guideline Development Group did not differ sufficiently to change the directions and strength of the recommendations and as such, the Canadian Guidelines were adopted with only very minor alterations. This allowed the Australian Guidelines to be developed in a shorter time frame and at a lower cost. We recommend the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT approach, especially if a credible set of guidelines that was developed using the GRADE approach is available with all supporting materials. Other countries may consider this approach when developing and/or revising national movement guidelines. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-021-01236-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D Okely
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia. .,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia.
| | - Davina Ghersi
- Research Policy and Translation, National Health and Medical Research Council, Canberra, Australia.,National Health & Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah P Loughran
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Dylan P Cliff
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Trevor Shilton
- National Heart Foundation (WA), 334 Rokeby Road, Subiaco, Australia
| | - Rachel A Jones
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rebecca M Stanley
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Julie Sherring
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Natalie Toms
- Preventive Programs, Commonwealth Department of Health, Canberra, Australia
| | - Simon Eckermann
- Australian Health Services Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Timothy S Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Anne-Maree Parrish
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Lisa Kervin
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Sandra Downie
- Preventive Programs, Commonwealth Department of Health, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Jordy Kaufman
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Layne Brown
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Janecke Wille
- Federation of Ethnic Communities Council of Australia (FECCA), Canberra, Australia
| | - Greg Wood
- Australian Sports Commission, Leederville, Western Australia
| | - David R Lubans
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Toowoomba, Australia
| | - Shane Pill
- The Australian Council for Health, Physical Education and Recreation (ACHPER), Wayville, Australia and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
| | | | - Natalie Jonas
- Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA), SA, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natasha Schranz
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Active Healthy Kids Australia, Adelaide, Australia and National Heart Foundation, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Perry Campbell
- Australian Children's Education & Care Quality Authority (ACECQA), Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Ingram
- NSW Education Standards Authority (NESA), Sydney, Australia
| | - Hayley Dean
- NSW Education Standards Authority (NESA), Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam Verrender
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Yvonne Ellis
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Kar Hau Chong
- Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Catherine E Draper
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Hayley Lewthwaite
- Australian Health Services Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sundell AL, Angelhoff C. Sleep and its relation to health-related quality of life in 3-10-year-old children. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1043. [PMID: 34078330 PMCID: PMC8173783 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Considering the reports of increasing sleep problems in children, affecting health and well-being in young children and their families, we found it important to gain more knowledge about sleep and its correlation to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young, healthy children. The aims with this study were to describe sleep quality, sleep duration, and HRQoL in healthy 3–10-year-old children and to test associations between children’s sleep and HRQoL. Methods Parents of 160 children (average age: 6.9 years, SD ±2.2) participated in the study. Sleep onset problems (SOP), sleep maintenance problems (SMP), and sleep duration were measured by the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index (PISI). KIDSCREEN-27 was used to measure HRQoL in five dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy and parent relation, social support and peers, and school environment. Results The average score was 2.2 for SOP (SD +/− 2.2) and 1.3 for SMP (SD +/− 1.6). Few children (2%) were reported to sleep less than 8 h per night. Younger children had statistically significant higher SOP and SMP than older children. Correlations were found between SOP and poor psychological well-being (p < 0.05, ρ = − 0.16), and between SMP and poor physical wellbeing (p < 0.05, ρ = − 0.16), psychological well-being (p < 0.05, ρ = − 0.21), poor school environment (p < 0.01, ρ = − 0.29), autonomy and parent relation (p < 0.05, ρ = − 0.16), and poor social support and peers (p < 0.05, ρ = − 0.19). Conclusion Children’s sleep associates with health-related quality of life and needs to be acknowledged in child health care settings and schools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lena Sundell
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.,Centre of Oral Health, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Angelhoff
- Crown Princess Victoria's Child and Youth Hospital, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
von Lukowicz H, Poets CF, Peters T, Wilhelm B, Schlarb A, Urschitz MS. Validity of the Pupillographic Sleepiness Test for the diagnosis of daytime sleepiness in children and adolescents and its relationship to sleepiness-associated outcomes. Sleep Med 2021; 83:145-150. [PMID: 34015717 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report validation data for the Pupillographic Sleepiness Test (PST) in children and adolescents, evaluate its applicability for diagnosing excessive daytime sleepiness and its relationship to sleepiness-associated outcomes. METHODS A cross-sectional diagnostic test accuracy study was performed. Patients underwent three PST at 9 a.m. (T1), 11 a.m. (T2) and 1 p.m. (T3) plus the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) on a single day. Additionally, two neurocognitive tests were performed and three questionnaires about quality of life, sleep-related self-efficacy and behavioural aspects completed. Gender-stratified z-values of the natural logarithm of the Pupillary Unrest Index (z-lnPUI) were correlated to Sleep Latency (SL) and Mean Sleep Latency (MSL) and to variables of neurocognitive tests and questionnaires using Spearman's rank correlation. Cut-off values were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS 47 patients were recruited (median 10.6 years, range 6-18). Correlation between z-lnPUI and SL was rT1 = -0.373 (p = 0.011); rT2 = -0.320 (p = 0.028) and rT3 = -0.336 (p = 0.022). Correlation between z-lnPUI and MSL was rT1 = -0.338 (p = 0.020); rT2 = -0.202 (p = 0.173); rT3 = -0.117 (p = 0.433). ROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 90.7% and PUI cut-off values of 12.6 mm/min (boys) and 11.6 mm/min (girls). There were moderate correlations between z-lnPUIT1 and reaction time and omission errors in neurocognitive tests (r = 0.394, p = 0.007 and 0.391, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS We found satisfactory correlations between PST and MSLT results. The z-lnPUIT1 was related to MSL and objective measures of attention ability. Given this accuracy, the PST may be used as a screening tool for evaluating daytime sleepiness in children and adolescents. Corresponding gender-related reference values are now available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian F Poets
- Working Group on Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Peters
- Pupil Research Group, Centre for Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Wilhelm
- Pupil Research Group, Centre for Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Angelika Schlarb
- Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Michael S Urschitz
- Division of Paediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu T, Wang Y, Lin L, Tang W. The mediating role of daytime sleepiness between problematic smartphone use and post-traumatic symptoms in COVID-19 home-refined adolescents. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2021; 126:106012. [PMID: 33846662 PMCID: PMC8028598 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 was first recognized in late 2019 in China, at which time school closures forced most students to isolate at home or maintain social distance, both of which increased smartphone use, daytime sleepiness and post traumatic disorder (PTSD) risks. However, to date, no research has fully explored these behavioral risks or the consequences. Methods Two thousand and ninety home-confined students from two Chinese high schools participated in an online-based questionnaire battery that assessed their sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 related exposures, daytime sleepiness, problematic smartphone use, and PTSD. The subsequent data were subjected to mediation analysis, and structural equation models (SEM) were employed to explore the variable relationships. Results The problematic smartphone use, daytime sleepiness and PTSD prevalence were respectively 16.4%, 20.2% and 6.9%. The number of COVID-19 related exposure was directly associated with problematic smartphone use and PTSD symptoms. Problematic smartphone use was found to be a mediator between COVID-19 related exposure and PTSD symptoms, and daytime sleepiness was found to partially mediate the associations between problematic smartphone use and PTSD. Conclusions The more exposure associated with the pandemic, the more psychological and behavioral problems the adolescents had. The relatively high rate of problematic smartphone use in home isolated adolescents possibly increased the risk of daytime sleepiness and psychological problems. Therefore, targeted improvements are needed to reduce the risk of psychological problems and daytime sleepiness in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- Department of Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Centre for Educational and Health Psychology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Mental Health Center, State Key Lab of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maestro-Gonzalez A, Sánchez-Zaballos M, Mosteiro-Díaz MP, Zuazua-Rico D. Quality of sleep among social media users during the lockdown period due to COVID-19 in Spain. Sleep Med 2021; 80:210-215. [PMID: 33607556 PMCID: PMC9188780 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aims To analyse the quality of sleep of the Spanish population during the lockdown due to COVID-19. Design Cross-sectional descriptive study using a web based survey design. Methods Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and sociodemographic, occupational, health and sleep quality variables were used to collect data during the first month of the lockdown period due to COVID-19 (March–April 2020). A snowball sampling was carried out, where participants were asked to disseminate and distribute the questionnaire among their own profiles in social networks. Results A representative sample of 5220 participants aged ≥18 years old took part in the study. The global PSQI score was 8.17 points (SD 4.43). A statistical association was found between the global PSQI score and several of the variables collected. Findings show that the quality of sleep was worse among women (p < 0.001), single participants (p 0.02), those working in rotating shifts (p < 0.001), on-site workers (p < 0.001), and people diagnosed with COVID-19 or who had someone in their environment diagnosed with the virus (p < 0.001). Conclusion Findings show that the Spanish population has experienced poor quality of sleep during the lockdown period. Being a woman, working in rotating shifts, having suffered from COVID-19 or having someone close suffering from COVID-19, being unemployed or being affected by a Temporary Redundancy Scheme, as well as spending long hours in bed were associated with poorer sleep quality. On the contrary, being older and sleeping longer hours were associated with a better sleep quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Maestro-Gonzalez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Sánchez-Zaballos
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
| | | | - David Zuazua-Rico
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Health-related quality of life is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness, and stress in 14-15-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:352. [PMID: 33138833 PMCID: PMC7607747 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To enhance and better understand health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents, it is important to study factors associated with HRQOL. The present study aimed to assess possible associations between sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness, stress and HRQOL in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 696 adolescents (14-15 years) in a school-based setting. Sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress were analyzed. The variables were all assessed with well-validated instruments. HRQOL was analyzed using KIDSCREEN 27. Analyses included Chi-square, independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, linear regression analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. The results from linear regression models were expressed as standardized beta. RESULTS The adolescents generally reported high levels of HRQOL. However, girls scored significantly worse on HRQOL, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress compared to boys. Using hierarchical regression analyses we found that Self-efficacy (beta = 0.11-0.24), Self-esteem: (beta = 0.12-0.21), Loneliness: (beta = - 0.24 to - 0.45) and Stress: (beta = - 0.26 to - 0.34) revealed the strongest associations with the HRQOL dimensions. Sociodemographic-, pain- and sleep related covariates were all significantly associated with some of the KIDSCREEN subscales, however their effect on the outcome was smaller than for the psychosocial variables listed above. Being a girl, not living with both parents, not having both parents working, being absent from school more than 4 days, having pain and having lack of enough sleep were all independently negatively associated with HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS HRQOL is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness and stress in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. Our findings indicate that positive psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy and self-esteem might play a buffer role for negative psychosocial factors (e.g. stress) in adolescents. Further, our results show that girls score significantly worse on factors that are associated to HRQOL compared to boys. To improve HRQOL in school-based populations of adolescents, we suggest that future interventions should aim to strengthen self-efficacy and self-esteem. We recommend gender specific interventions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Angelhoff C, Johansson P, Svensson E, Sundell AL. Swedish translation and validation of the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:253. [PMID: 32456677 PMCID: PMC7249377 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02150-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To increase health and well-being in young children, it is important to acknowledge and promote the child’s sleep behaviour. However, there is a lack of brief, validated sleep screening instruments for children. The aims of the study were to (1) present a Swedish translation of the PISI, (2) examine the factor structure of the Swedish version of PISI, and test the reliability and validity of the PISI factor structure in a sample of healthy children in Sweden. Methods The English version of the PISI was translated into Swedish, translated back into English, and agreed upon before use. Parents of healthy 3- to 10-year-old children filled out the Swedish version of the PISI and the generic health-related quality of life instrument KIDSCREEN-27 two times. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for baseline and test-retest, structural equation modelling, and correlations between the PISI and KIDSCREEN-27 were performed. Results In total, 160 parents filled out baseline questionnaires (test), whereof 100 parents (63%) filled out the follow-up questionnaires (retest). Confirmative factor analysis of the PISI found two correlated factors: sleep onset problems (SOP) and sleep maintenance problems (SMP). The PISI had substantial construct and test-retest reliability. The PISI factors were related to all KIDSCREEN-27 dimensions. Conclusions The Swedish version of the PISI is applicable for screening sleep problems and is a useful aid in dialogues with families about sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Angelhoff
- Crown Princess Victoria's Child and Youth Hospital, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58185, Linköping, Sweden. .,Department of Health Care Sciences, Palliative Research Centre, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Peter Johansson
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Erland Svensson
- (Retired) Swedish Defense Research Agency, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Lena Sundell
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.,Centre of Oral Health, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Langeland IO, Sollesnes R, Nilsen RM, Almenning G, Langeland E. Examining boys' and girls' health-related quality of life from the first to the third year of upper secondary school: A prospective longitudinal study. Nurs Open 2019; 6:1606-1614. [PMID: 31660189 PMCID: PMC6805264 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine differences in health-related quality of life between boys and girls in the first and third years of upper secondary school. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal study. METHODS The KIDSCREEN-10 was used to assess health-related quality of life. Differences in health-related quality of life over time were estimated using a linear mixed-effects model for correlated measurements. RESULTS In the first-year boys (N = 168) and girls (N = 228) reported a mean health-related quality of life score of 76.3 (SD 10.7) and 69.8 (SD 11.5), respectively. In the third year, the mean health-related quality of life score for boys and girls was 73.5 (SD 12.4) and 65.7 (SD 13.3), respectively. Boys had a significant decrease in health-related quality of life mean score of -2.6 and girls a significant decrease of -3.8 (p < .001) over the 3-year period. There was no significant difference between boys' and girls' health-related quality of life changes (p = .39).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Oma Langeland
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
| | - Ragnhild Sollesnes
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
| | - Roy Miodini Nilsen
- Department of Health and Functioning, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
| | - Grethe Almenning
- Section for Innovation, Health, Children and Youth, Department of Health and CareBergen MunicipalityBergenNorway
| | - Eva Langeland
- Department of Health and Caring Science, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Isa T, Sugimoto T, Murata S, Tsuboi Y, Ebina A, Kondo Y, Torizawa K, Okumura M, Shigemoto C, Matsuda N, Misu S, Ono R. Lower physical activity is associated with daytime sleepiness in children aged 9-12 years. J Child Health Care 2019; 23:415-424. [PMID: 31327234 DOI: 10.1177/1367493519864756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study clarified the prevalence of daytime sleepiness in fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade children and examined the association between physical activity (PA) and daytime sleepiness in children aged 9-12 years. This cross-sectional study included 314 children (mean age ± standard deviation: 10.5 ± 1.0 years; male: 52.9%) enrolled in two public elementary schools in Kobe, Japan. PA was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. The outcome was self-reported daytime sleepiness. The prevalence of daytime sleepiness in fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade children were 10.8%, 25.2%, and 28.6%, respectively. In univariate analysis, subjects with reported daytime sleepiness had lower PA levels than those without daytime sleepiness (odds ratio (OR) = .67; 95% confidence interval (CI) = .47-.95). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower PA was significantly associated with daytime sleepiness after adjusting for multiple confounders (OR = .54; 95% CI = .37-.81). The prevalence of daytime sleepiness in fifth and sixth grades was higher than fourth grade. Furthermore, this study clarified the significant association between PA and daytime sleepiness and suggested that PA could be one of the factors to prevent daytime sleepiness in children aged 9-12 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsunenori Isa
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Taiki Sugimoto
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,2 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,3 Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.,4 Medical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Murata
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,2 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,5 Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Yamato Tsuboi
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,2 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aoi Ebina
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuki Kondo
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kohtaroh Torizawa
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Maho Okumura
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,6 Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chihiro Shigemoto
- 6 Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoka Matsuda
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,7 Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe Mariners Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shogo Misu
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,8 Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Rei Ono
- 1 Department of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gustafsson ML, Laaksonen C, Aromaa M, Löyttyniemi E, Salanterä S. The prevalence of neck-shoulder pain, back pain and psychological symptoms in association with daytime sleepiness - a prospective follow-up study of school children aged 10 to 15. Scand J Pain 2019; 18:389-397. [PMID: 29794264 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2017-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims Chronic and recurrent pain is prevalent in adolescents and generally girls report more pain symptoms than boys. Also, pain symptoms and sleep problems often co-occur. Pain symptoms have negative effects on school achievement, emotional well-being, sleep, and overall health and well-being. For effective intervention and prevention there is a need for defining factors associated with pain symptoms and daytime sleepiness. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the prevalence and association between neck-shoulder pain, back pain, psychological symptoms and daytime sleepiness in 10-, 12- and 15-year-old children. This study is the first that followed up the same cohort of children from the age of 10 to 15. Methods A cohort study design with three measurement points was used. Participants (n=568) were recruited from an elementary school cohort in a city of 1,75,000 inhabitants in South-Western Finland. Symptoms and daytime sleepiness were measured with self-administered questionnaires. Regression models were used to analyze the associations. Results Frequent neck-shoulder pain and back pain, and psychological symptoms, as well as daytime sleepiness, are already common at the age of 10 and increase strongly between the ages 12 and 15. Overall a greater proportion of girls suffered from pain symptoms and daytime sleepiness compared to boys. Daytime sleepiness in all ages associated positively with the frequency of neck-shoulder pain and back pain. The more that daytime sleepiness existed, the more neck-shoulder pain and back pain occurred. Daytime sleepiness at the age of 10 predicted neck-shoulder pain at the age of 15, and back pain at the age of 10 indicated that there would also be back pain at the age of 15. In addition, positive associations between psychological symptoms and neck-shoulder pain, as well as back pain, were observed. Subjects with psychological problems suffered neck-shoulder pain and back pain more frequently. Conclusions This study is the first study that has followed up the same cohort of children from the age of 10 to 15. The studied symptoms were all already frequent at the age of 10. An increase mostly happened between the ages of 12 and 15. Moreover, the self-reported daytime sleepiness at the age of 10 predicted neck-shoulder pain at the age of 15. More attention should be paid to the daytime sleepiness of children at an early stage as it has a predictive value for other symptoms later in life. Implications School nurses, teachers and parents are in a key position to prevent adolescents' sleep habits and healthy living habits. Furthermore, the finding that daytime sleepiness predicts neck-shoulder pain later in adolescence suggests that persistent sleep problems in childhood need early identification and treatment. Health care professionals also need take account of other risk factors, such as psychological symptoms and pain symptoms. The early identification and treatment of sleep problems in children might prevent the symptoms' development later in life. There is a need for an individuals' interventions to treat adolescents' sleep problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marja-Liisa Gustafsson
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Joukahaisenkatu 3-5, 20014 Turku, Finland, Phone: +35850 3543497
| | - Camilla Laaksonen
- Health and well-being, University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland
| | - Minna Aromaa
- Children's and Adolescents' Out-patient Clinic, City of Turku, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Sanna Salanterä
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Soehner AM, Bertocci MA, Levenson JC, Goldstein TR, Rooks B, Merranko J, Hafeman D, Diler R, Axelson D, Goldstein BI, Hickey MB, Monk K, Phillips ML, Birmaher B. Longitudinal Associations Between Sleep Patterns and Psychiatric Symptom Severity in High-Risk and Community Comparison Youth. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 58:608-617. [PMID: 30851396 PMCID: PMC6733405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbance may be involved in symptom progression across multiple domains of psychopathology and could represent a target for treatment development in youth. Our objective was to identify sleep patterns that longitudinally change in conjunction with psychiatric symptom severity in at-risk youth. METHOD The study included 484 Pittsburgh Bipolar Offspring Study (BIOS) youth with at least 2 sleep assessments occurring between 10 and 18 years of age: 267 offspring of parents with bipolar I or II disorder and 217 community comparison offspring. Assessments occurred approximately every 2 years (mean number of assessments, 2.8 ± 0.8; mean follow-up duration, 3.8 ± 1.6 years). Offspring had a range of psychiatric diagnoses at baseline. Multivariate lasso regression was implemented to select offspring-reported sleep patterns associated with changes in five psychiatric symptom measures from baseline through last follow-up (mania, depression, mood lability, anxiety, inattention/externalizing). Analyses accounted for parent psychiatric diagnoses and offspring demographics, psychiatric diagnoses, and medications. RESULTS Follow-up duration, baseline socioeconomic status, parental history of bipolar disorder, offspring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and disruptive behavior disorder, and five sleep patterns were identified as predictors of change in all five psychiatric symptom measures. Decreasing sleep duration, later sleep timing preference, longer sleep latency, increasing nighttime awakenings, and greater sleepiness over follow-up were associated with increasing severity the five psychiatric symptom outcomes over follow-up. These 10 predictors explained 16% of the variance in longitudinal psychiatric symptom change, 33% of which was accounted for by sleep predictors. CONCLUSION A constellation of sleep features were associated with psychiatric symptom changes in youth, and may represent viable targets for future interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Axelson
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Benjamin I. Goldstein
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, CA; University of Toronto, Ontario, CA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gustafsson ML, Laaksonen C, Salanterä S, Löyttyniemi E, Aromaa M. Changes in the amount of sleep and daytime sleepiness: A follow-up study of schoolchildren from ages 10 to 15 years. Int J Nurs Pract 2018; 25:e12689. [PMID: 30094898 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examines the amount of sleep and daytime sleepiness, and how these change in a follow-up cohort study of school-aged children. METHODS A total of 1351 schoolchildren (aged 10) and their parents were invited to participate in the study and were studied again at ages 12 and 15 years. A survey put forth by the Health Behaviour of Schoolchildren research network was used. RESULTS The amount of sleep during weekdays dropped significantly from age 10 to 15. At weekends, the amount of sleep increased significantly. During weekdays, the proportion of children reporting having slept enough dropped from 71% at age 10 to 19% at age 15. Frequent daytime sleepiness occurred in 13% of children at age 10 and increased to 24% at the age of 15. CONCLUSIONS It is essential to promote adequate amount of sleep and prevent daytime sleepiness in children growing from age 10 to 15 years. Nurses and other health care professionals should systematically assess and promote healthy sleeping habits while caring for children between these ages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Laaksonen
- Health and Well-Being, Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna Salanterä
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Minna Aromaa
- Children's and Adolescents' Out-patient Clinic, City of Turku, Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gustafsson ML, Laaksonen C, Salanterä S, Löyttyniemi E, Aromaa M. Associations Between Daytime Sleepiness, Psychological Symptoms, Headache, and Abdominal Pain in Schoolchildren. J Sch Nurs 2018; 35:279-286. [PMID: 29781381 DOI: 10.1177/1059840518774394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Daytime sleepiness and different symptoms are common problems affecting health and well-being of schoolchildren. This population-based cohort study included 568 children who were followed from ages 10 to 15 years. Daytime sleepiness, headache, abdominal pain, and psychological symptoms (depression, irritability or bad temper, nervousness, anxiety, and dejection) were assessed by self-administered questionnaires. The prevalence of frequent daytime sleepiness was 13% at the ages of 10 and 12 years and increased significantly up to 24% at the age of 15 (p < .0001). Daytime sleepiness as well as psychological symptoms were positively associated with headache and abdominal pain from ages 10 to 15 years. Headache in girls at the ages of 10 predicted the occurrence of headache at the age of 15. School nurses and other professionals need to understand the importance of a holistic evaluation of sleep and different symptoms in children. There is also a need for interventions targeting several co-occurring symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Laaksonen
- 2 Health and Well-Being, Turku University of Applied Science, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna Salanterä
- 1 Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Minna Aromaa
- 4 Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Garmy P, Clausson EK, Nyberg P, Jakobsson U. Insufficient Sleep Is Associated with Obesity and Excessive Screen Time Amongst Ten-Year-Old Children in Sweden. J Pediatr Nurs 2018; 39:e1-e5. [PMID: 29157744 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated sleep, television, computer habits, and obesity in school-age children. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional self-report survey of 1260 children in grade 4 (mean age, 10.1) living in southern Sweden (49.1% boys). The heights and weights of 1097 (87.1%) of the children were recorded. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multiple logistic regression were employed. RESULTS The median length of self-reported sleep on weeknights was 9.5h. Approximately 40% of the children reported receiving <9h of sleep. The median bedtime was 9PM (21:00). On weekends, the median bedtime was 1 h later, and they delayed getting up by 1.5h. The median time spent watching TV and using a computer was 1 h each. The prevalence of being overweight (including obesity) was 18%. Insufficient sleep (<9h) was associated with being overweight, watching TV, or using a computer for two or more hours each day, difficulty falling asleep, and being tired at school. CONCLUSIONS School-age children who receive less sleep are more likely to be overweight and report excessive television and computer use. A strong and urgent need exists to highlight the importance of healthy sleep and media habits. It is challenging for pediatric nurses and school nurses to teach children and their families about healthy sleep and media habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernilla Garmy
- Department of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Sweden; Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Health Promotion Centre, Lund University, Sweden.
| | - Eva K Clausson
- Department of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Sweden
| | - Per Nyberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Ulf Jakobsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Marcus CL. Daytime sleepiness in children: When a quiet child is not necessarily a good thing. Paediatr Respir Rev 2018; 25:1-2. [PMID: 28209474 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carole L Marcus
- Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wong M, Lycett K, Olds T, Gold L, Wake M. Use of time and adolescent health-related quality of life/well-being: a scoping review. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106:1239-1245. [PMID: 28520104 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Time use could profoundly affect adolescents' health-related quality of life (HRQL). Ideally, overall time use patterns would be considered, because activities within a 24-hour day are inherently correlated (more in one activity means less in another). This review focused on the associations of (i) overall time use patterns and (ii) components of time use patterns with HRQL in adolescents. CONCLUSION More physical activity, less screen time and more/adequate sleep, in isolation, are associated with better profile-based HRQL subscales. Greater understanding of adolescents' overall time use patterns and HRQL is, therefore, a priority for policy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Wong
- The University of Melbourne; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Kate Lycett
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Tim Olds
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise; Nutrition and Activity (ARENA); University of South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Lisa Gold
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
- School of Health and Social Development; Deakin University; Geelong VIC Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- The University of Melbourne; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and the Liggins Institute; The University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|