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Chan D, Baker KD, Richardson R. The impact of chronic fluoxetine treatment in adolescence or adulthood on context fear memory and perineuronal nets. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22501. [PMID: 38807259 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluoxetine (Prozac), are commonly prescribed pharmacotherapies for anxiety. Fluoxetine may be a useful adjunct because it can reduce the expression of learned fear in adult rodents. This effect is associated with altered expression of perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the amygdala and hippocampus, two brain regions that regulate fear. However, it is unknown whether fluoxetine has similar effects in adolescents. Here, we investigated the effect of fluoxetine exposure during adolescence or adulthood on context fear memory and PNNs in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus, and the medial prefrontal cortex in rats. Fluoxetine impaired context fear memory in adults but not in adolescents. Further, fluoxetine increased the number of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing neurons surrounded by a PNN in the BLA and CA1, but not in the medial prefrontal cortex, at both ages. Contrary to previous reports, fluoxetine did not shift the percentage of PNNs toward non-PV cells in either the BLA or CA1 in the adults, or adolescents. These findings demonstrate that fluoxetine differentially affects fear memory in adolescent and adult rats but does not appear to have age-specific effects on PNNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Chan
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn D Baker
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rick Richardson
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Holt-Gosselin B, Keding TJ, Rodrigues K, Rueter A, Hendrickson TJ, Perrone A, Byington N, Houghton A, Miranda-Dominguez O, Feczko E, Fair DA, Joormann J, Gee DG. Familial risk for depression moderates neural circuitry in healthy preadolescents to predict adolescent depression symptoms in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 68:101400. [PMID: 38870601 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an imminent need to identify neural markers during preadolescence that are linked to developing depression during adolescence, especially among youth at elevated familial risk. However, longitudinal studies remain scarce and exhibit mixed findings. Here we aimed to elucidate functional connectivity (FC) patterns among preadolescents that interact with familial depression risk to predict depression two years later. METHODS 9-10 year-olds in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were classified as healthy (i.e., no lifetime psychiatric diagnoses) at high familial risk for depression (HR; n=559) or at low familial risk for psychopathology (LR; n=1203). Whole-brain seed-to-voxel resting-state FC patterns with the amygdala, putamen, nucleus accumbens, and caudate were calculated. Multi-level, mixed-effects regression analyses were conducted to test whether FC at ages 9-10 interacted with familial risk to predict depression symptoms at ages 11-12. RESULTS HR youth demonstrated stronger associations between preadolescent FC and adolescent depression symptoms (ps<0.001) as compared to LR youth (ps>0.001), primarily among amygdala/striatal FC with visual and sensory/somatomotor networks. CONCLUSIONS Preadolescent amygdala and striatal FC may be useful biomarkers of adolescent-onset depression, particularly for youth with family histories of depression. This research may point to neurobiologically-informed approaches to prevention and intervention for depression in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Holt-Gosselin
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, 100 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, United States; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Graduate Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Taylor J Keding
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, 100 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, United States; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Kathryn Rodrigues
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, 100 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Amanda Rueter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Timothy J Hendrickson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Anders Perrone
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Nora Byington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Audrey Houghton
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Eric Feczko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Damien A Fair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Jutta Joormann
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, 100 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Dylan G Gee
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, 100 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, United States.
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Abo-Rass F, Nakash O, Gelaye B, Khatib A, AboJabel H. Determinants of intentions to seek formal mental health help among Palestinian adolescents in Israel. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:720-729. [PMID: 38312061 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231224658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health challenges are widespread among adolescents undergoing significant physical, emotional, social, and academic changes. However, rates of formal help-seeking remain low, particularly among those from ethnic minorities. AIMS This study investigated the determinants of intentions to seek formal mental health help among Palestinian adolescents in Israel, focusing on mental health literacy (MHL) and trust in formal sources of information. METHODS A total of 178 adolescents (Mage = 16.24 ± 1.24 years, 61.8% female) completed measures assessing intention for formal help-seeking, psychological distress, MHL, trust in formal sources of information, sociodemographic, and clinical characteristics. RESULTS Findings revealed low levels of intention to seek formal help and psychological distress, alongside average or above-average levels on all MHL dimensions and trust in formal sources for information. Our analysis identified socioeconomic status (β = .17, p < .05), psychological distress (β = .18, p < .05), trust in formal sources of information (β = .28, p < .001), and two MHL dimensions: knowledge of where to seek information (β = .25, p < .01) and attitudes that promote recognition or appropriate help-seeking behavior (β = .16, p < .05) - as the main determinants of intention for formal help-seeking. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the critical role of trust in formal sources of information and MHL in seeking formal help among adolescents from ethnic minorities. Interventions aiming to improve access to mental health-related information, address and enhance attitudes, and foster trust in formal professionals and institutions may contribute to an increased tendency for formal mental health help-seeking among this population and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeda Abo-Rass
- Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ora Nakash
- School for Social Work, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anwar Khatib
- Department of Social Work, Zefat Academic College, Israel
- Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Hanan AboJabel
- The Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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Kwon M, Nam E, Lee J. Poly-tobacco use and mental health in South Korean adolescents. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-83. [PMID: 38779296 PMCID: PMC11110650 DOI: 10.18332/tid/187077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the advent of new tobacco products, poly-tobacco use among adolescents is increasing. Smoking among adolescents negatively impacts both their physical and mental health. This study aimed to determine poly-tobacco use among adolescents in South Korea and to identify the mental health problems caused by single-, dual-, and poly-tobacco use. METHODS Data from 54948 adolescents in the 2020 Korea Youth Behavior Web-based Survey were included. Mental health variables of our primary outcome were loneliness, anxiety, and depression. Descriptive statistics, Rao-Scott χ2 test and complex sample multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine the association between the type of tobacco product use and mental health. RESULTS Among the subjects, 95.2% were non-tobacco users, followed by single (3.0%), dual (1.1%), and poly users (0.7%). The subjects with poly-tobacco use had significantly higher rates of loneliness (33.2%, p<0.001), anxiety (22.3%, p<0.001), and depression (49.9%, p<0.001) than those who used fewer tobacco products. Subjects who used poly-tobacco products were 2.13 (95% CI: 1.61-2.83) times more likely to report loneliness, 1.52 (95% CI: 1.12-2.07) times more likely to report anxiety, and 2.18 (95% CI: 1.68-2.82) times more likely to report depression than non-tobacco users. CONCLUSIONS Among adolescents, poly-tobacco use is associated with symptoms of loneliness, depression, and anxiety, which are internalized mental health problems. Poly-tobacco use warrants early assessment of high-risk groups, education on the need for tobacco-use cessation, and active intervention for the psychological difficulties that these high-risk groups experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kwon
- Department of Nursing, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Nam
- Department of Nursing, Seoul Women's College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwa Lee
- Department of Nursing, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Krug MK, Takarae Y, Iosif AM, Solomon M. Decision-making under conditions of explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and typically developing adolescents and young adults. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:1-7. [PMID: 38696604 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence has been characterized as a period of risky and possibly suboptimal decision-making, yet the development of decision-making in autistic adolescents is not well understood. To investigate decision-making in autism, we evaluated performance on 2 computerized tasks capturing decision-making under explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and non-autistic adolescents/young adults ages 12-22 years. Participants completed the Game of Dice Task (32 IQ-matched participant pairs) to assess decision-making under explicit risk and the modified Iowa Gambling Task (35 IQ-matched pairs) to assess decision-making under uncertainty. Autistic participants overall made riskier decisions than non-autistic participants on the Game of Dice Task, and the odds of making riskier decisions varied by age and IQ. In contrast, the autistic group showed comparable levels of learning over trial blocks to the non-autistic group on the modified Iowa Gambling Task. For both tasks, younger autistic participants performed poorer than their non-autistic counterparts, while group differences diminished in older ages. This age-related pattern suggests positive development during adolescence on risk assessment and decision-making in autism but also implies differential developmental trajectories between groups. These findings also suggest differential performance by the risk type, with additional complex influences of IQ and fluid cognition, which warrants further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie K Krug
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, United States
| | - Yukari Takarae
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, United States
| | - Ana-Maria Iosif
- Department of Public Health Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Marjorie Solomon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, and Imaging Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, United States
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Chen X, Hao X, Xie L, Liu X. A bidirectional causal relationship study between mental disorders and male and female infertility. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1378224. [PMID: 38699446 PMCID: PMC11064171 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1378224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relation between mental disorders (MDs) and infertility can be reciprocal. But exactly which MD affects infertility remains controversial. Our aim was to use Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore bidirectional causality between 15 MDs and male infertility and female infertility. Methods The data of MDs, male infertility, and female infertility were derived from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The inverse variance weighted method was considered to be the main analytical approach. Sensitivity analysis was performed using MR-Egger, Cochran's Q, radial MR, and MR-PRESSO tests. Results Our results found that mood disorders (OR, 1.4497; 95% CI, 1.0093 - 2.0823; P = 0.0444) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (OR, 1.3921; 95% CI, 1.0943 - 1.7709; P = 0.0071) were positively correlated with male infertility, but obsessive-compulsive disorder (OR, 0.8208; 95% CI, 0.7146 - 0.9429; P = 0.0052) was negatively associated with male infertility. For females, anorexia nervosa (OR, 1.0898; 95% CI, 1.0070 - 1.1794; P = 0.0329), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (OR, 1.1013; 95% CI, 1.0041 - 1.2079; P = 0.0406), and major depressive disorder (OR, 1.1423; 95% CI, 1.0213 - 1.2778; P = 0.0199) increased risk of infertility. In reverse relationship, female infertility increased the incidence of bipolar disorder (OR, 1.0009; 95% CI, 1.0001 - 1.0017; P = 0.0281). Conclusion We demonstrated the association between five MDs and male or female infertility. Female infertility was also found to be associated with an increased risk of one MD. We look forward to better designed epidemiological studies to support our results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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O'Connor AM, Hagenauer MH, Forrester LCT, Maras PM, Arakawa K, Hebda-Bauer EK, Khalil H, Richardson ER, Rob FI, Sannah Y, Watson SJ, Akil H. Adolescent environmental enrichment induces social resilience and alters neural gene expression in a selectively bred rodent model with anxious phenotype. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.03.560702. [PMID: 38645129 PMCID: PMC11030238 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Stress is a major influence on mental health status; the ways that individuals respond to or copes with stressors determine whether they are negatively affected in the future. Stress responses are established by an interplay between genetics, environment, and life experiences. Psychosocial stress is particularly impactful during adolescence, a critical period for the development of mood disorders. In this study we compared two established, selectively-bred Sprague Dawley rat lines, the "internalizing" bred Low Responder (bLR) line versus the "externalizing" bred High Responder (bHR) line, to investigate how genetic temperament and adolescent environment impact future responses to social interactions and psychosocial stress, and how these determinants of stress response interact. Male bLR and bHR rats were exposed to social and environmental enrichment in adolescence prior to experiencing social defeat and were then assessed for social interaction and anxiety-like behavior. Adolescent enrichment caused rats to display more social interaction, as well as nominally less social avoidance, less submission during defeat, and resilience to the effects of social stress on corticosterone, in a manner that seemed more notable in bLRs. For bHRs, enrichment also caused greater aggression during a neutral social encounter and nominally during defeat, and decreased anxiety-like behavior. To explore the neurobiology underlying the development of social resilience in the anxious phenotype bLRs, RNA-seq was conducted on the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens, two brain regions that mediate stress regulation and social behavior. Gene sets previously associated with stress, social behavior, aggression and exploratory activity were enriched with differential expression in both regions, with a particularly large effect on gene sets that regulate social behaviors. Our findings provide further evidence that adolescent enrichment can serve as an inoculating experience against future stressors. The ability to induce social resilience in a usually anxious line of animals by manipulating their environment has translational implications, as it underscores the feasibility of intervention strategies targeted at genetically vulnerable adolescent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huda Akil
- Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Nusslock R, Alloy LB, Brody GH, Miller GE. Annual Research Review: Neuroimmune network model of depression: a developmental perspective. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:538-567. [PMID: 38426610 PMCID: PMC11090270 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a serious public health problem, and adolescence is an 'age of risk' for the onset of Major Depressive Disorder. Recently, we and others have proposed neuroimmune network models that highlight bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system in both mental and physical health, including depression. These models draw on research indicating that the cellular actors (particularly monocytes) and signaling molecules (particularly cytokines) that orchestrate inflammation in the periphery can directly modulate the structure and function of the brain. In the brain, inflammatory activity heightens sensitivity to threats in the cortico-amygdala circuit, lowers sensitivity to rewards in the cortico-striatal circuit, and alters executive control and emotion regulation in the prefrontal cortex. When dysregulated, and particularly under conditions of chronic stress, inflammation can generate feelings of dysphoria, distress, and anhedonia. This is proposed to initiate unhealthy, self-medicating behaviors (e.g. substance use, poor diet) to manage the dysphoria, which further heighten inflammation. Over time, dysregulation in these brain circuits and the inflammatory response may compound each other to form a positive feedback loop, whereby dysregulation in one organ system exacerbates the other. We and others suggest that this neuroimmune dysregulation is a dynamic joint vulnerability for depression, particularly during adolescence. We have three goals for the present paper. First, we extend neuroimmune network models of mental and physical health to generate a developmental framework of risk for the onset of depression during adolescence. Second, we examine how a neuroimmune network perspective can help explain the high rates of comorbidity between depression and other psychiatric disorders across development, and multimorbidity between depression and stress-related medical illnesses. Finally, we consider how identifying neuroimmune pathways to depression can facilitate a 'next generation' of behavioral and biological interventions that target neuroimmune signaling to treat, and ideally prevent, depression in youth and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA. USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA
| | - Gregory E. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
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Meredith WJ, Silvers JA. Experience-dependent neurodevelopment of self-regulation in adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 66:101356. [PMID: 38364507 PMCID: PMC10878838 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of rapid biobehavioral change, characterized in part by increased neural maturation and sensitivity to one's environment. In this review, we aim to demonstrate that self-regulation skills are tuned by adolescents' social, cultural, and socioeconomic contexts. We discuss adjacent literatures that demonstrate the importance of experience-dependent learning for adolescent development: environmental contextual influences and training paradigms that aim to improve regulation skills. We first highlight changes in prominent limbic and cortical regions-like the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex-as well as structural and functional connectivity between these areas that are associated with adolescents' regulation skills. Next, we consider how puberty, the hallmark developmental milestone in adolescence, helps instantiate these biobehavioral adaptations. We then survey the existing literature demonstrating the ways in which cultural, socioeconomic, and interpersonal contexts drive behavioral and neural adaptation for self-regulation. Finally, we highlight promising results from regulation training paradigms that suggest training may be especially efficacious for adolescent samples. In our conclusion, we highlight some exciting frontiers in human self-regulation research as well as recommendations for improving the methodological implementation of developmental neuroimaging studies and training paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J Meredith
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Jennifer A Silvers
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Kim W, Kim MJ. Adaptive-to-maladaptive gradient of emotion regulation tendencies are embedded in the functional-structural hybrid connectome. Psychol Med 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38533787 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion regulation tendencies are well-known transdiagnostic markers of psychopathology, but their neurobiological foundations have mostly been examined within the theoretical framework of cortical-subcortical interactions. METHODS We explored the connectome-wide neural correlates of emotion regulation tendencies using functional and diffusion magnetic resonance images of healthy young adults (N = 99; age 20-30; 28 females). We first tested the importance of considering both the functional and structural connectome through intersubject representational similarity analyses. Then, we employed a canonical correlation analysis between the functional-structural hybrid connectome and 23 emotion regulation strategies. Lastly, we sought to externally validate the results on a transdiagnostic adolescent sample (N = 93; age 11-19; 34 females). RESULTS First, interindividual similarity of emotion regulation profiles was significantly correlated with interindividual similarity of the functional-structural hybrid connectome, more so than either the functional or structural connectome. Canonical correlation analysis revealed that an adaptive-to-maladaptive gradient of emotion regulation tendencies mapped onto a specific configuration of covariance within the functional-structural hybrid connectome, which primarily involved functional connections in the motor network and the visual networks as well as structural connections in the default mode network and the subcortical-cerebellar network. In the transdiagnostic adolescent dataset, stronger functional signatures of the found network were associated with higher general positive affect through more frequent use of adaptive coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study illustrates a gradient of emotion regulation tendencies that is best captured when simultaneously considering the functional and structural connections across the whole brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Kim
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M Justin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea
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Raab HA, Goldway N, Foord C, Hartley CA. Adolescents flexibly adapt action selection based on controllability inferences. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053901. [PMID: 38527752 PMCID: PMC11000582 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053901.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
From early in life, we encounter both controllable environments, in which our actions can causally influence the reward outcomes we experience, and uncontrollable environments, in which they cannot. Environmental controllability is theoretically proposed to organize our behavior. In controllable contexts, we can learn to proactively select instrumental actions that bring about desired outcomes. In uncontrollable environments, Pavlovian learning enables hard-wired, reflexive reactions to anticipated, motivationally salient events, providing "default" behavioral responses. Previous studies characterizing the balance between Pavlovian and instrumental learning systems across development have yielded divergent findings, with some studies observing heightened expression of Pavlovian learning during adolescence and others observing a reduced influence of Pavlovian learning during this developmental stage. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a theoretical model of controllability-dependent arbitration between learning systems might explain these seemingly divergent findings in the developmental literature, with the specific hypothesis that adolescents' action selection might be particularly sensitive to environmental controllability. To test this hypothesis, 90 participants, aged 8-27, performed a probabilistic-learning task that enables estimation of Pavlovian influence on instrumental learning, across both controllable and uncontrollable conditions. We fit participants' data with a reinforcement-learning model in which controllability inferences adaptively modulate the dominance of Pavlovian versus instrumental control. Relative to children and adults, adolescents exhibited greater flexibility in calibrating the expression of Pavlovian bias to the degree of environmental controllability. These findings suggest that sensitivity to environmental reward statistics that organize motivated behavior may be heightened during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Raab
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Noam Goldway
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Careen Foord
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Catherine A Hartley
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
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Rådman G, Claréus B, Daukantaitė D. Adolescents' Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire-Extended: Further Development and Associations With Mental Health Problems in Adolescence. Assessment 2024; 31:482-501. [PMID: 37056041 PMCID: PMC10822064 DOI: 10.1177/10731911231164619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Emotion regulation (ER) is implicated in a range of psychopathologies and behavioral problems that are prevalent or have their initial onset in adolescence. In this study, we aim to evaluate the psychometric properties (factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity) of the Adolescents' Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire-Extended (AERSQ-E), a modified and extended version of an ER instrument developed by Zhou et al. Across six sub-studies using data from different Swedish adolescent community samples (1,104 students in total), we generated and validated a 23-item version containing six subscales: rumination/negative thinking, positive reorientation, creative expression, aggressive outlet, social support, and distraction. Assessing test-retest reliability, internal consistency, measurement invariance as well as convergent and discriminant validity, we could establish, with some limitations, the general reliability and validity of the AERSQ-E as a valid measure of ER strategies for use in adolescence.
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Yao Y, Yang Q, Wang Y, Chen C, Wang W, Zhang M, Zhong Y, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Liu H, Zhang K. Relevance between age of onset and hospitalization characteristics of Major Depressive Disorders: A 16 years retrospective cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:176-181. [PMID: 37838260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age of onset (AOO) influences the prognosis of many diseases and even serves as potential driver. But in Major Depressive Disorder, there is no consensus regarding the effect of AOO on the course. METHODS In this study, a total of 38,671 inpatients were surveyed over 16 years, and 6113 inpatients were eventually included in the statistical analysis after applying rigorous data criteria. Inpatients were divided into four AOO subgroups: adolescent onset, early adult onset, middle adult onset, and late adult onset. RESULTS In the subset of first hospitalization (n = 4884), the differences in the length of stay between several AOO subgroups were statistically significant (F = 56.852, df1 = 3, df2 = 4880, P < 0.001, ω2 = 0.033). Similarly, this difference was also significant in the subset of relapse hospitalization (n = 1229, F = 5.985, df1 = 3, df2 = 1225, P < 0.001, ω2 = 0.012). The Bonferroni post hoc test suggested a longer length of stay in the adolescent onset group (P < 0.001). Besides, in the adolescent onset subgroup, the proportion with 2 or more relapses hospitalization within one year was higher than those without relapses (6.7 % Vs 2.7 %, χ2 = 12.685, df = 6, P < 0.001). Logistic regression suggests that patients with adolescent onset are at higher risk for 2 or more relapses hospitalization within one year (B = 0.881, OR = 2.41, 95 % CI 1.37-4.23, P = 0.002). LIMITATIONS Retrospective design may have recall bias. CONCLUSIONS This is the first large sample size study to examine age at onset and risk of relapse at the individual level in a Chinese population. Our study found that adolescent onset is more susceptible to the chronicity of MDD. These findings will contribute to the accurate typing of MDD, as well as customized individualized prevention and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitan Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Qiongyao Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Chuanchuan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Yongjie Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Xiaoping Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | | | - Huanzhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China; School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China.
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14
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Gee DG, Cohodes EM. Leveraging the developmental neuroscience of caregiving to promote resilience among youth exposed to adversity. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2168-2185. [PMID: 37929292 PMCID: PMC10872788 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Early adversity is a major risk factor for the emergence of psychopathology across development. Identifying mechanisms that support resilience, or favorable mental health outcomes despite exposure to adversity, is critical for informing clinical intervention and guiding policy to promote youth mental health. Here we propose that caregivers play a central role in fostering resilience among children exposed to adversity via caregiving influences on children's corticolimbic circuitry and emotional functioning. We first delineate the numerous ways that caregivers support youth emotional learning and regulation and describe how early attachment lays the foundation for optimal caregiver support of youth emotional functioning in a developmental stage-specific manner. Second, we outline neural mechanisms by which caregivers foster resilience-namely, by modulating offspring corticolimbic circuitry to support emotion regulation and buffer stress reactivity. Next, we highlight the importance of developmental timing and sensitive periods in understanding caregiving-related mechanisms of resilience. Finally, we discuss clinical implications of this line of research and how findings can be translated to guide policy that promotes the well-being of youth and families.
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15
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Dall'Aglio L, Xu B, Tiemeier H, Muetzel RL. Longitudinal Associations Between White Matter Microstructure and Psychiatric Symptoms in Youth. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 62:1326-1339. [PMID: 37400062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Associations between psychiatric problems and white matter (WM) microstructure have been reported in youth. Yet, a deeper understanding of this relation has been hampered by a dearth of well-powered longitudinal studies and a lack of explicit examination of the bidirectional associations between brain and behavior. We investigated the temporal directionality of WM microstructure and psychiatric symptom associations in youth. METHOD In this observational study, we leveraged the world's largest single- and multi-site cohorts of neurodevelopment: the Generation R (GenR) and Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Studies (ABCD) (total n scans = 11,400; total N = 5,700). We assessed psychiatric symptoms with the Child Behavioral Checklist as broad-band internalizing and externalizing scales, and as syndrome scales (eg, Anxious/Depressed). We quantified WM with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), globally and at a tract level. We used cross-lagged panel models to test bidirectional associations of global and specific measures of psychopathology and WM microstructure, meta-analyzed results across cohorts, and used linear mixed-effects models for validation. RESULTS We did not identify any longitudinal associations of global WM microstructure with internalizing or externalizing problems across cohorts (confirmatory analyses) before, and after multiple testing corrections. We observed similar findings for longitudinal associations between tract-based microstructure with internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and for global WM microstructure with specific syndromes (exploratory analyses). Some cross-sectional associations surpassed multiple testing corrections in ABCD, but not in GenR. CONCLUSION Uni- or bi-directionality of longitudinal associations between WM and psychiatric symptoms were not robustly identified. We have proposed several explanations for these findings, including interindividual differences, the use of longitudinal approaches, and smaller effects than expected. STUDY REGISTRATION INFORMATION Bidirectionality Brain Function and Psychiatric Symptoms; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PNY92.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Dall'Aglio
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bing Xu
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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16
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Palmer CA, Bahn A, Deutchman D, Bower JL, Weems CF, Alfano CA. Sleep Disturbances and Delayed Sleep Timing are Associated with Greater Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Youth Following Hurricane Harvey. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:1534-1545. [PMID: 35435538 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sleep patterns following a natural disaster are associated with mental health difficulties, but research in youth samples has been limited to subjective reports of sleep. Participants (N = 68, 8-17 years old) completed an assessment 6-9 months after Hurricane Harvey, which included subjective measures of sleep, chronotype, hurricane-related post-traumatic stress symptoms, and one week of actigraphy. Prior to the hurricane, parents provided reports on emotional symptoms. Controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status, participation time, and pre-hurricane emotional symptoms, subjective sleep disturbances and an eveningness chronotype were associated with greater post-traumatic stress, with the strongest effects observed for re-experiencing, negative cognitions/mood, and arousal/reactivity symptoms. Later sleep timing as measured by actigraphy was associated with greater arousal/reactivity symptoms and shorter sleep duration was associated with greater avoidance symptoms. As extreme weather-related events are expected to become more frequent and severe, these findings contribute to models of youth risk and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara A Palmer
- Department of Psychology, Montana State University, 319 Traphagen Hall, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
| | - Alexis Bahn
- Psychology Neurosciences Department, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dagny Deutchman
- Department of Psychology, Montana State University, 319 Traphagen Hall, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Joanne L Bower
- School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Carl F Weems
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Candice A Alfano
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
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17
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Edet B, Essien E, Eleazu F, Abang R, Ochijele E, Daniel F. The Relative Role of Family Affluence and Social Support on Depression and Self-Esteem among Adolescents in Nigeria: a Cross-Sectional Study. Acta Med Acad 2023; 52:201-211. [PMID: 38407087 PMCID: PMC10945323 DOI: 10.5644/ama2006-124.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the relative importance of social support and family affluence in depression and self-esteem among adolescents in Calabar, Nigeria. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescent students in Calabar, Nigeria. Using stratified random sampling, 332 students were selected for participation. The Family Affluence Scale (FAS), Oslo Social Support Scale (OSS), Becks Depression Inventory (BDI) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory (RSES) were administered. To facilitate comparisons, the sample was divided into four groups: those with low OSS and low FAS scores, those with low OSS and high FAS scores, those with high OSS and low FAS scores, and those with high scores in both OSS and FAS. Groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis Test. Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the predictors of depression and self-esteem. All analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 21. RESULTS Respondents with low levels of social support, irrespective of family affluence, had significantly higher depression scores and significantly lower self-esteem scores (P< 0.05). In linear regression analyses, social support (95%CI [-1.35,-0.58]) and female gender (95%CI [1.49,5.29]) emerged as predictors of depression, while social support (95%CI [0.25,0.64]) and age (95%CI [-0.79,-0.11]) emerged as predictors of self-esteem. Affluence did not predict depression or self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS Social support is of greater relative importance in depression and self-esteem in our study. In developing nations with lean resources, enhanced social support might buffer against the effect of low socio-economic status on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassey Edet
- Department of Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Franklin Eleazu
- Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust (CNTW), United Kingdom
| | - Roger Abang
- Department of Clinical Services, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Faithful Daniel
- Clinical and Community Research Division, First On-Call Initiative Portharcourt, Nigeria
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18
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Brieant A, Clinchard C, Deater-Deckard K, Lee J, King-Casas B, Kim-Spoon J. Differential Associations of Adversity Profiles with Adolescent Cognitive Control and Psychopathology. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:1725-1738. [PMID: 36107273 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences are common and have long-term consequences for biological and psychosocial adjustment. We used a person-centered approach to characterize distinct profiles of adversity in early adolescence and examined associations with later cognitive control and psychopathology. The sample included 167 adolescents (47% female) and their primary caregivers who participated in a longitudinal study across four time points (approximately one year between assessments). At Time 1 (Mage = 14 years), we measured seven indicators of adversity: socioeconomic disadvantage, abuse, neglect, household chaos, parent substance use, parent depression, and negative life events. At Times 2-4, adolescents' behavioral performance and functional activation during a cognitive control task were measured. At Time 5, adolescents and their caregiver reported on adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. Using latent profile analysis, we identified four distinct adversity subgroups: a low exposure group, a neglect group, a household instability group, and a poly-adversity group. These groups significantly differed on subsequent levels of psychopathology, but not cognitive control. Specifically, the poly-adversity group reported significantly higher levels of both internalizing and externalizing symptomatology relative to the low exposure group, and the household instability group demonstrated elevated risk for externalizing symptomatology. When using a cumulative risk approach, higher levels of adversity exposure were associated with significantly worse cognitive control performance (but not neural activation). These results suggest that psychopathology outcomes may be differentially predicted by distinct patterns of risk, and that cognitive control impairment may be more strongly predicted by cumulative risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Brieant
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | | | - Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, Amherst, USA
| | - Jacob Lee
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Brooks King-Casas
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, VA, USA
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19
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Usui K, Kirihara K, Araki T, Tada M, Koshiyama D, Fujioka M, Nishimura R, Ando S, Koike S, Sugiyama H, Shirakawa T, Toriyama R, Masaoka M, Fujikawa S, Endo K, Yamasaki S, Nishida A, Kasai K. Longitudinal change in mismatch negativity (MMN) but not in gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is associated with psychological difficulties in adolescence. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11070-11079. [PMID: 37815245 PMCID: PMC10631957 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for psychological difficulties. Auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) and gamma-band auditory steady-state response (ASSR) are representative electrophysiological indices that mature during adolescence. However, the longitudinal association between MMN/ASSR and psychological difficulties among adolescents remains unclear. We measured MMN amplitude for duration and frequency changes and ASSR twice in a subsample (n = 67, mean age 13.4 and 16.1 years, respectively) from a large-scale population-based cohort. No significant longitudinal changes were observed in any of the electroencephalography indices. Changes in SDQ-TD were significantly associated with changes in duration MMN, but not frequency MMN and ASSR. Furthermore, the subgroup with higher SDQ-TD at follow-up showed a significant duration MMN decrease over time, whereas the subgroup with lower SDQ-TD did not. The results of our population neuroscience study suggest that insufficient changes in electroencephalography indices may have been because of the short follow-up period or non-monotonic change during adolescence, and indicated that the longitudinal association with psychological difficulties was specific to the duration MMN. These findings provide new insights that electrophysiological change may underlie the development of psychosocial difficulties emerging in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Usui
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan
| | - Kenji Kirihara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Disability Services Office, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Teikyo University Hospital, Mizonokuchi, Tokyo, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Mariko Tada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Office for Mental Health Support, Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mao Fujioka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nishimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ando
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Toru Shirakawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Faculty of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397 Japan
| | - Rie Toriyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mio Masaoka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kaori Endo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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20
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Irani S, Chang C, Morrison L, Waselewski M, Chang T. Youth experiences with and perspectives on long covid. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2059. [PMID: 37864192 PMCID: PMC10588061 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection is ongoing, and the psychological and physical impacts of Long Covid on youth is poorly understood. To assess these impacts, we surveyed youth regarding their experiences with, and perspectives on, the long-term effects of COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a nationwide text message survey of youth ages 14-24 years in the United States. The survey asked four open ended questions regarding their experiences and perceptions regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19. Qualitative data was analyzed independently by three investigators using thematic analysis. Prevalence of codes were summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Among 1150 participants, 991 responded to at least one survey question (response rate 86.1%). The vast majority of our sample had COVID-19 or knew someone who did (75%), and approximately one third (32%) of youth indicated that they knew someone who had experienced symptoms consistent with Long Covid. Many youth (50%) reported worry and concern about Long Covid even if they, or someone they knew, did not have Long Covid. Among youth who were not concerned about Long Covid, the most commonly reported reasons were having received the vaccine (29%) and not having a prior COVID-19 infection (24%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that among younger populations, there is significant concern regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19. Vaccination campaigns and youth-centered public health communication about Long Covid may not only reduce COVID-19 transmission, but also alleviate worries and concerns about Long Covid among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarosh Irani
- University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Claire Chang
- University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Leigh Morrison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd Bldg 14, Room G128, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Marika Waselewski
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd Bldg 14, Room G128, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Tammy Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd Bldg 14, Room G128, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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21
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Park S, Park D, Kim MJ. Similarity in functional connectome architecture predicts teenage grit. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad047. [PMID: 37700673 PMCID: PMC10549957 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Grit is a personality trait that encapsulates the tendency to persevere and maintain consistent interest for long-term goals. While prior studies found that grit predicts positive behavioral outcomes, there is a paucity of work providing explanatory evidence from a neurodevelopmental perspective. Based on previous research suggesting the utility of the functional connectome (FC) as a developmental measure, we tested the idea that individual differences in grit might be, in part, rooted in brain development in adolescence and emerging adulthood (N = 64, 11-19 years of age). Our analysis showed that grit was associated with connectome stability across conditions and connectome similarity across individuals. Notably, inter-subject representational similarity analysis revealed that teenagers who were grittier shared similar FC architecture with each other, more so than those with lower grit. Our findings suggest that individuals with high levels of grit are more likely to exhibit a converging pattern of whole-brain functional connectivity, which may underpin subsequent beneficial behavioral outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Park
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Daeun Park
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, South Korea
| | - M Justin Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon 16419, South Korea
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22
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Shackman AJ, Gee DG. Maternal Perinatal Stress Associated With Offspring Negative Emotionality, But the Underlying Mechanisms Remain Elusive. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:708-711. [PMID: 37777854 PMCID: PMC10558087 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Shackman
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
- Department of Maryland Neuroimaging Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - Dylan G. Gee
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
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23
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Shi R, Xiang S, Jia T, Robbins TW, Kang J, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Lin X, Sahakian BJ, Feng J. Structural neurodevelopment at the individual level - a life-course investigation using ABCD, IMAGEN and UK Biobank data. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.20.23295841. [PMID: 37790416 PMCID: PMC10543061 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.20.23295841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents exhibit remarkable heterogeneity in the structural architecture of brain development. However, due to the lack of large-scale longitudinal neuroimaging studies, existing research has largely focused on population averages and the neurobiological basis underlying individual heterogeneity remains poorly understood. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging from the IMAGEN cohort (n=1,543), we show that adolescents can be clustered into three groups defined by distinct developmental patterns of whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV). Genetic and epigenetic determinants of group clustering and long-term impacts of neurodevelopment in mid-to-late adulthood were investigated using data from the ABCD, IMAGEN and UK Biobank cohorts. Group 1, characterized by continuously decreasing GMV, showed generally the best neurocognitive performances during adolescence. Compared to Group 1, Group 2 exhibited a slower rate of GMV decrease and worsened neurocognitive development, which was associated with epigenetic changes and greater environmental burden. Further, Group 3 showed increasing GMV and delayed neurocognitive development during adolescence due to a genetic variation, while these disadvantages were attenuated in mid-to-late adulthood. In summary, our study revealed novel clusters of adolescent structural neurodevelopment and suggested that genetically-predicted delayed neurodevelopment has limited long-term effects on mental well-being and socio-economic outcomes later in life. Our results could inform future research on policy interventions aimed at reducing the financial and emotional burden of mental illness.
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Van Lissa CJ, Beinhauer L, Branje S, Meeus WHJ. Using machine learning to identify early predictors of adolescent emotion regulation development. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:870-889. [PMID: 36938634 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As 20% of adolescents develop emotion regulation difficulties, it is important to identify important early predictors thereof. Using the machine learning algorithm SEM-forests, we ranked the importance of (87) candidate variables assessed at age 13 in predicting quadratic latent trajectory models of emotion regulation development from age 14 to 18. Participants were 497 Dutch families. Results indicated that the most important predictors were individual differences (e.g., in personality), aspects of relationship quality and conflict behaviors with parents and peers, and internalizing and externalizing problems. Relatively less important were demographics, bullying, delinquency, substance use, and specific parenting practices-although negative parenting practices ranked higher than positive ones. We discuss implications for theory and interventions, and present an open source risk assessment tool, ERRATA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar J Van Lissa
- Department of Methodology & Statistics, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas Beinhauer
- Department of Methodology and Statistics for Psychology, Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susan Branje
- Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim H J Meeus
- Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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25
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Yang B, Anderson Z, Zhou Z, Liu S, Haase CM, Qu Y. The longitudinal role of family conflict and neural reward sensitivity in youth's internalizing symptoms. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad037. [PMID: 37531585 PMCID: PMC10396325 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is often associated with an increase in psychopathology. Although previous studies have examined how family environments and neural reward sensitivity separately play a role in youth's emotional development, it remains unknown how they interact with each other in predicting youth's internalizing symptoms. Therefore, the current research took a biopsychosocial approach to examine this question using two-wave longitudinal data of 9353 preadolescents (mean age = 9.93 years at T1; 51% boys) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Using mixed-effects models, results showed that higher family conflict predicted youth's increased internalizing symptoms 1 year later, whereas greater ventral striatum (VS) activity during reward receipt predicted reduced internalizing symptoms over time. Importantly, there was an interaction effect between family conflict and VS activity. For youth who showed greater VS activation during reward receipt, high family conflict was more likely to predict increased internalizing symptoms. In contrast, youth with low VS activation during reward receipt showed high levels of internalizing symptoms regardless of family conflict. The findings suggest that youth's neural reward sensitivity is a marker of susceptibility to adverse family environments and highlight the importance of cultivating supportive family environments where youth experience less general conflict within the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiming Yang
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Zachary Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Zexi Zhou
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Sihong Liu
- Stanford Center on Early Childhood, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Claudia M Haase
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yang Qu
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Sahi RS, Eisenberger NI, Silvers JA. Peer facilitation of emotion regulation in adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 62:101262. [PMID: 37302349 PMCID: PMC10276262 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotion regulation is particularly important for adolescents as they undergo normative developmental changes in affective systems and experience heightened risk for psychopathology. Despite a high need for emotion regulation during adolescence, commonly studied emotion regulation strategies like cognitive reappraisal are less beneficial for adolescents than adults because they rely on neural regions that are still developing during this period (i.e., lateral prefrontal cortex). However, adolescence is also marked by increased valuation of peer relationships and sensitivity to social information and cues. In the present review, we synthesize research examining emotion regulation and peer influence across development to suggest that sensitivity to peers during adolescence could be leveraged to improve emotion regulation for this population. We first discuss developmental trends related to emotion regulation at the level of behavior and brain in adolescents, using cognitive reappraisal as an exemplar emotion regulation strategy. Next, we discuss social influences on adolescent brain development, describing caregiver influence and increasing susceptibility to peer influence, to describe how adolescent sensitivity to social inputs represents both a window of vulnerability and opportunity. Finally, we conclude by describing the promise of social (i.e., peer-based) interventions for enhancing emotion regulation in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia S Sahi
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naomi I Eisenberger
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Silvers
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Puolakanaho A, Muotka JS, Lappalainen R, Lappalainen P, Hirvonen R, Kiuru N. Adolescents' stress and depressive symptoms and their associations with psychological flexibility before educational transition. J Adolesc 2023; 95:990-1004. [PMID: 36960576 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Relatively little is known about individual differences in adolescent psychological flexibility and its associations with symptoms of stress and depression. This study examined different profiles of adolescent stress and depressive symptoms and their associations with developing psychological flexibility before the critical educational transition. METHODS The data were derived from a general sample of 740 Finnish ninth-grade adolescents (Mage = 15.7 years, 57% female) who were assessed twice during the final grade of their basic education. The data were analyzed using growth mixture modeling. RESULTS Four profiles of stress and depressive symptoms were identified during a school year: (1) no stress and no depressive symptoms (None; 69%); (2) mild and decreasing stress and depressive symptoms (Decreasing; 15%); (3) low but increasing stress and depressive symptoms (Increasing; 6%); and (4) high and stable levels of stress and depressive symptoms (High; 10%). The adolescents in these profiles differed from each other in their initial levels and changes of psychological flexibility. The initial level of psychological flexibility was highest in the no-symptom profile group. We observed simultaneous change trends in symptoms and psychological flexibility during a school year. When symptoms decreased, psychological flexibility increased, and when symptoms increased, psychological flexibility decreased. CONCLUSIONS A bidirectional pattern of relationships between psychological flexibility and psychological symptoms was found. Despite initially high level of skills in psychological flexibility, some adolescents, unexpectedly, experienced increased symptoms of stress and depression during the school year. The results call for further studies to explore in-depth the developmental diversity in adolescents' well-being and its antecedents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Puolakanaho
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Joona S Muotka
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Raimo Lappalainen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Päivi Lappalainen
- Department of Psychology and GeroCenter, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Riikka Hirvonen
- School of Applied Educational Science and Teacher Education, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Noona Kiuru
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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28
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Bamford J, Leavey G, Rosato M, Divin N, Breslin G, Corry D. Adolescent mental well-being, religion and family activities: a cross-sectional study (Northern Ireland Schools and Wellbeing Study). BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071999. [PMID: 37349093 PMCID: PMC10314551 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we seek to explore the relationship between adolescent mental well-being, religion and family activities among a school-based adolescent sample from Northern Ireland. SETTING The Northern Ireland Schools and Wellbeing Study is a cross-sectional study (2014-2016) of pupils in Northern Ireland aged 13-18 years. PARTICIPANTS 1618 adolescents from eight schools participated in this study. OUTCOMES MEASURES Our primary outcome measure was derived using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale. We used hierarchical linear regression to explore the independent effects of a range of personal/social factors, including religious affiliation, importance of religion and family activities. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, older adolescents and females reported lower mental well-being scores-for the year-on-year increase in age β=-0.45 (95% CI=-0.84, -0.06), and for females (compared with males) β=-5.25 (95% CI=-6.16, -4.33). More affluent adolescents reported better mental well-being. No significant differences in mental well-being scores across religious groups was found: compared with Catholics, Protestant adolescents recorded β=-0.83 (95% CI=-2.17, 0.51), other religious groups β=-2.44 (95% CI=-5.49, 0.62) and atheist adolescents β=-1.01 (95% CI=-2.60, 0.58). The importance of religion in the adolescents' lives was also tested: (compared with those for whom it was not important) those for whom it was very important had better mental well-being (β=1.63: 95% CI=0.32, 2.95). Higher levels of family activities were associated with higher mental well-being: each unit increase in family activity produced a 1.45% increase in the mental well-being score (β=0.78: 95% CI=0.67, 0.90). CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that non-religious adolescents may have lower mental well-being scores when compared with their more religious peers, irrespective of religious denomination. This may relate to both a sense of lack of firm identity and perceived marginalisation. Additionally, adolescents with poor family cohesion are more vulnerable to poor mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Bamford
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gerard Leavey
- Bamford Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Michael Rosato
- Bamford Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Natalie Divin
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Gavin Breslin
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Dagmar Corry
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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29
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Chumachenko SY, McVoy M. A narrative review and discussion of concepts and ongoing data regarding quantitative EEG as a childhood mood disorder biomarker. Biomark Neuropsychiatry 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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30
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Chovel Sella A, Hadaway N, Stern C, Becker KR, Holsen LM, Eddy KT, Micali N, Misra M, Thomas JJ, Lawson EA. Lower Ghrelin Levels Are Associated With Higher Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents and Young Adults With Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2023; 84:22m14482. [PMID: 37134126 PMCID: PMC10336648 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.22m14482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is associated with increased risk for anxiety, which may adversely affect prognosis. The appetite-stimulating hormone, ghrelin, increases in response to stress, and exogenous ghrelin decreases anxiety-like behaviors in animal models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ghrelin levels and measures of anxiety in youth with ARFID. We hypothesized that lower ghrelin levels would be associated with increased anxiety symptoms. Methods: We studied a cross-sectional sample of 80 subjects with full and subthreshold ARFID diagnosed by DSM-5 criteria, aged 10-23 years (female, n = 39; male, n = 41). Subjects were enrolled in a study of the neurobiology of avoidant/restrictive eating conducted from August 2016 to January 2021. We assessed fasting ghrelin levels and anxiety symptoms (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI] and STAI for Children [STAI-C] measuring general trait anxiety; Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI] and BAI for youth [BAI-Y] assessing cognitive, emotional, and somatic symptoms of anxiety; and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale [LSAS] assessing symptoms of social anxiety). Results: Consistent with our hypothesis, ghrelin levels were inversely associated with anxiety symptoms as assessed by STAI/STAI-C T scores (r = -0.28, P = .012), BAI/BAI-Y T scores (r = -0.28, P = .010), and LSAS scores (r = -0.3, P = .027), all with medium effect sizes. Findings held in the full threshold ARFID group when adjusting for body mass index z scores (STAI/STAI-C T scores, β = -0.27, P = .024; BAI/BAI-Y T scores, β = -0.26, P = .034; LSAS, β = -0.34, P = .024). Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that lower levels of ghrelin are associated with more severe anxiety symptoms in youth with ARFID and raise the question of whether ghrelin pathways could be targeted in the treatment of ARFID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aluma Chovel Sella
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mass General for Children, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Natalia Hadaway
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Casey Stern
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kendra R Becker
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura M Holsen
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kamryn T Eddy
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nadia Micali
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pediatrics Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Madhusmita Misra
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mass General for Children, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Indicates shared senior authorship
| | - Jennifer J Thomas
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Indicates shared senior authorship
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Corresponding author: Elizabeth A. Lawson, MD, MMSc, Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114
- Indicates shared senior authorship
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31
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Xie C, Xiang S, Shen C, Peng X, Kang J, Li Y, Cheng W, He S, Bobou M, Broulidakis MJ, van Noort BM, Zhang Z, Robinson L, Vaidya N, Winterer J, Zhang Y, King S, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Lemaître H, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Fröhner JH, Schmidt U, Sinclair J, Smolka MN, Stringaris A, Walter H, Whelan R, Desrivières S, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Schumann G, Jia T, Feng J. A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity. Nat Med 2023; 29:1232-1242. [PMID: 37095248 PMCID: PMC10202801 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies proposed a general psychopathology factor underlying common comorbidities among psychiatric disorders. However, its neurobiological mechanisms and generalizability remain elusive. In this study, we used a large longitudinal neuroimaging cohort from adolescence to young adulthood (IMAGEN) to define a neuropsychopathological (NP) factor across externalizing and internalizing symptoms using multitask connectomes. We demonstrate that this NP factor might represent a unified, genetically determined, delayed development of the prefrontal cortex that further leads to poor executive function. We also show this NP factor to be reproducible in multiple developmental periods, from preadolescence to early adulthood, and generalizable to the resting-state connectome and clinical samples (the ADHD-200 Sample and the Stratify Project). In conclusion, we identify a reproducible and general neural basis underlying symptoms of multiple mental health disorders, bridging multidimensional evidence from behavioral, neuroimaging and genetic substrates. These findings may help to develop new therapeutic interventions for psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xie
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Shitong Xiang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Shen
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuerui Peng
- Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jujiao Kang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuzhu Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiqi He
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marina Bobou
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M John Broulidakis
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Zuo Zhang
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lauren Robinson
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Section for Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nilakshi Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeanne Winterer
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Psychology Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sinead King
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Medicine, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, National University of Ireland (NUI) Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gareth J Barker
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, C.E.A., Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Hervé Lemaître
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 'Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie', Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 'Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie', Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR9010, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Section for Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Julia Sinclair
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Division of Psychiatry and Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara J Sahakian
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- PONS Centre, Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianye Jia
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences and Centre for Computational Systems Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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Zhang S, Liu J, Sang B, Zhao Y. Age and gender differences in expressive flexibility and the association with depressive symptoms in adolescents. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1185820. [PMID: 37223827 PMCID: PMC10202151 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1185820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated age and gender differences in the ability to flexibly enhance and suppress facial expressions according to situational demands, known as expressive flexibility (EF), as well as its relationship with depressive symptoms in adolescents. Methods The participants included 766 Chinese high school students aged between 12 and 18 years (mean age = 14.96 years, standard deviation = 2.04; 52.2% female). Data on EF and depressive symptoms were collected using self-report questionnaires. Results Girls scored higher on enhancement abilities than boys, but with no significant gender difference in suppression abilities. There were also no significant age-related differences in enhancement and suppression abilities. Only enhancement ability was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusion The development of EF abilities was stable among adolescents, with varying effects in terms of gender, and the importance of EF and enhancement abilities in reducing depressive symptoms in adolescents was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Zhang
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junsheng Liu
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Sang
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Lab for Educational Big Data and Policymaking, Shanghai Academy of Educational Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyang Zhao
- Department of Social Work, School of Sociology and Political Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Huffman LG, Lawrence-Sidebottom D, Huberty J, Roots M, Roots K, Parikh A, Guerra R, Weiser J. Using Digital Measurement-Based Care for the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents: Observational Retrospective Analysis of Bend Health Data. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2023; 6:e46154. [PMID: 37079366 PMCID: PMC10160939 DOI: 10.2196/46154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence supports the efficacy of measurement-based care (MBC) for children and adolescents experiencing mental health concerns, particularly anxiety and depression. In recent years, MBC has increasingly transitioned to web-based spaces in the form of digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), which render high-quality mental health care more accessible nationwide. Although extant research is promising, the emergence of MBC DMHIs means that much is unknown regarding their effectiveness as a treatment for anxiety and depression, particularly among children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE This study uses preliminary data from children and adolescents participating in an MBC DMHI administered by Bend Health Inc, a mental health care provider that uses a collaborative care model to assess changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms during participation in the MBC DMHI. METHODS Caregivers of children and adolescents participating in Bend Health Inc for anxiety or depressive symptoms reported measures of their children's symptoms every 30 days throughout the duration of participation in Bend Health Inc. Data from 114 children (age 6-12 years) and adolescents (age 13-17 years) were used for the analyses (anxiety symptom group: n=98, depressive symptom group: n=61). RESULTS Among children and adolescents participating in care with Bend Health Inc, 73% (72/98) exhibited improvements in anxiety symptoms and 73% (44/61) exhibited improvement in depressive symptoms, as indicated by either a decrease in symptom severity or screening out of completing the complete assessment. Among those with complete assessment data, group-level anxiety symptom T-scores exhibited a moderate decrease of 4.69 points (P=.002) from the first to the last assessment. However, members' depressive symptom T-scores remained largely stable throughout their involvement. CONCLUSIONS As increasing numbers of young people and families seek DMHIs over traditional mental health treatments due to their accessibility and affordability, this study offers promising early evidence that youth anxiety symptoms decrease during involvement in an MBC DMHI such as Bend Health Inc. However, further analyses with enhanced longitudinal symptom measures are necessary to determine whether depressive symptoms show similar improvements among those involved in Bend Health Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer Huberty
- Bend Health Inc, Beaverton, OR, United States
- FitMinded Inc LLC, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | | | - Kurt Roots
- Bend Health Inc, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Amit Parikh
- Bend Health Inc, Beaverton, OR, United States
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Dall'Aglio L, Estévez-López F, López-Vicente M, Xu B, Agcaoglu O, Boroda E, Lim KO, Calhoun VD, Tiemeier H, Muetzel RL. Exploring the longitudinal associations of functional network connectivity and psychiatric symptom changes in youth. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103382. [PMID: 36965455 PMCID: PMC10074199 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional connectivity has been associated with psychiatric problems, both in children and adults, but inconsistencies are present across studies. Prior research has mostly focused on small clinical samples with cross-sectional designs. METHODS We adopted a longitudinal design with repeated assessments to investigate associations between functional network connectivity (FNC) and psychiatric problems in youth (9- to 17-year-olds, two time points) from the general population. The largest single-site study of pediatric neurodevelopment was used: Generation R (N = 3,131 with data at either time point). Psychiatric symptoms were measured with the Child Behavioral Checklist as broadband internalizing and externalizing problems, and its eight specific syndrome scales (e.g., anxious-depressed). FNC was assessed with two complementary approaches. First, static FNC (sFNC) was measured with graph theory-based metrics. Second, dynamic FNC (dFNC), where connectivity is allowed to vary over time, was summarized into 5 states that participants spent time in. Cross-lagged panel models were used to investigate the longitudinal bidirectional relationships of sFNC with internalizing and externalizing problems. Similar cross-lagged panel models were run for dFNC. RESULTS Small longitudinal relationships between dFNC and certain syndrome scales were observed, especially for baseline syndrome scales (i.e., rule-breaking, somatic complaints, thought problems, and attention problems) predicting connectivity changes. However, no association between any of the psychiatric problems (broadband and syndrome scales) with either measure of FNC survived correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSION We found no or very modest evidence for longitudinal associations between psychiatric problems with dynamic and static FNC in this population-based sample. Differences in findings may stem from the population drawn, study design, developmental timing, and sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Dall'Aglio
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fernando Estévez-López
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Mónica López-Vicente
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oktay Agcaoglu
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Elias Boroda
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Kelvin O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Dauvermann MR, Schmaal L, Colic L, van Velzen LS, Bellow S, Ford TJ, Suckling J, Goodyer IM, Blumberg HP, van Harmelen AL. Elevated cognitive rumination and adverse life events are associated with lower cortical surface area and suicidal ideation in adolescents with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:93-101. [PMID: 36584707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide is the second most common cause of death among young people. Structural brain alterations, rumination, and recent stressful experiences contribute to suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). METHODS Here, we employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the unique and combined relationships of these risk factors with STBs in a sample of young people with major depressive disorder (MDD) from the Magnetic Resonance-Improving Mood with Psychoanalytic and Cognitive Therapies (MR-IMPACT) study (N = 67, mean age = 15.90; standard deviation ± 1.32). RESULTS Whereas increased rumination and lower surface area of brain regions, that have been previously reported to be involved in both STBs and rumination, were associated with each other (Beta = -0.268, standard error (SE) = 0.114, Z = -2.346, p = 0.019), only increased rumination was related to greater severity of suicidal ideation (Beta = 0.281, SE = 0.132, Z = 2.134, p = 0.033). In addition, we observed that recent stress was associated with lower surface area in the suicidal ideation model without covariate only (Beta = -0.312, SE = 0.149, Z = -2.089, p = 0.037). For the attempt models, no associations were found between any of the risk factors and suicide attempts. LIMITATIONS We emphasize that these findings from this secondary analysis are hypothesis-forming and preliminary in nature given the small sample size for SEM analyses. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that neither lower surface area nor recent stress are directly associated with youth suicidal ideation or attempt. However, lower surface area is related to recent stress and increased rumination, which predicted greater severity of suicidal ideation in young people with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Dauvermann
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lejla Colic
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (CIRC), Jena, Germany
| | - Laura S van Velzen
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sophie Bellow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Tamsin J Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian M Goodyer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Hilary P Blumberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anne-Laura van Harmelen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
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Soares PSM, Leão OADA, Dias MDS, Wehrmeister FC, Menezes AMB, Gonçalves H. Effect of Adolescent Body Mass Index Trajectories on Working Memory: A Prospective Birth Cohort in Brazil. J Atten Disord 2023; 27:521-529. [PMID: 36779539 DOI: 10.1177/10870547231153973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Most research on the association between high body mass index (BMI) and working memory (WM) has been cross-sectional in design, limiting conclusions about long-term effects of overweight and obesity on WM. The aim of this study was to examine the association of BMI trajectory from 11 to 22 years with WM at 22 years of age. Data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study were analyzed (N = 3,010). Information on BMI was collected at ages 11, 15, 18, and 22 years. Group-based trajectory modeling was used separately for each sex to identify BMI trajectories. Working Memory performance (Digit Span backward score) was examined at age 22. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between BMI trajectory from 11 to 22 years and WM at age 22. In both sexes, the trajectory groups were: stable normal weight, stable overweight, and stable obesity. In the adjusted analyses, women in the stable-obesity group had lower WM at 22 years (β = -.49; 95% CI: -0.75, -0.23; p < .001) than those in the stable-normal weight group. No associations were found between BMI trajectories and WM in men. This study may contribute to future investigations of possible explanatory avenues for the association between high BMI and WM.
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Owens C, Hadley C. Subjective social status and mental health among adolescents in Ethiopia: Evidence from a panel study. SSM Popul Health 2023; 22:101382. [PMID: 36992716 PMCID: PMC10041554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have found that a relationship between subjective status and measures of human health persists even after controlling for objective measures, including income, education, and assets. However, few studies have probed how status shapes health among adolescents, particularly those in low-and-middle-income settings. This study examines the relative effects of subjective and objective status on mental health among Ethiopian adolescents. Using data from two waves of the Jimma Longitudinal Family Survey of Youth (N = 1,045), this study uses a combination of linear regression and linear mixed-effects models to examine the relationships between objective social status, subjective social status, and mental well-being among adolescents in Ethiopia. Three measures of objective status, including household income, adolescent education, and a multidimensional measure of material wealth, were assessed. Social network and support variables were constructed using factor analysis. A community version of the 10-rung McArthur ladder was used to assess the subjective socioeconomic status of adolescents. The self-reporting questionnaire was used to assess mental well-being during both waves of the study. The significant effect of higher subjective status on reports of fewer non-specific psychological distress (-0.28; 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.14) was not mediated by objective status, material deprivation, or social support covariates. The observed relationship between status and mental well-being was consistent across successive study waves. Among a cohort of adolescents in Jimma, Ethiopia, several measures of objective status are associated with subjective status. However, akin to research among adults, the findings of our study suggest that the relationship between adolescent subjective social status and mental health persists above and beyond the effects of objective status. Future research is needed on the factors, environments, and experiences that inform adolescent perceptions of status and well-being over time.
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Yousefi Afrashteh M, Janjani P. Psychometric properties of the mental health continuum-short form in Iranian adolescents. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1096218. [PMID: 36844350 PMCID: PMC9948078 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psychological tests are necessary to assess the mental state of individuals. Mental health is one of the important psychological indicators and is increasingly considered as having various aspects of well-being. The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is a 14-item instrument that assesses mental health, focusing on emotional, psychological, and social well-being. The present study, the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the MHC-SF were examined in relation to its factor structure, internal consistency, construct validity, and gender measurement invariance among adolescents. Methods The population of this study was Iranian adolescents between 11-and 18-year-old who were enrolled in the seventh to twelfth grades. A convenience sample of 822 Adolescents from four large cities in the Iran (Tehran, Zanjan, Hamedan and Ghazvin) participated in the present study. Questionnaires were completed online. Statistical analyses to evaluate the factor structure, internal consistency, construct validity, gender and age factorial invariance were performed in SPSS and LISREL. Results According to the results of confirmatory factor analysis, the MHC-SF is composed of three factors: emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method and composite reliability (>0.7). Measurement invariance were confirmed among girls and boys. Convergent and divergent validity were also evaluated and confirmed by correlating the test score with similar and different tests. Conclusion This study confirmed the psychometric properties of MHC-SF in the Iranian adolescent community. This instrument can be used in psychological research and diagnostic evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Yousefi Afrashteh
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran,*Correspondence: Majid Yousefi Afrashteh, ✉
| | - Parisa Janjani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Imam Ali Hospital, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Kerman, Iran
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Grisanzio KA, Flournoy JC, Mair P, Somerville LH. Shifting qualities of negative affective experience through adolescence: Age-related change and associations with functional outcomes. Emotion 2023; 23:278-288. [PMID: 35201792 PMCID: PMC9756137 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Research shows negative affect increases in healthy adolescents, and this normative change is paralleled by increasing risk for the onset of psychopathology. However, research is limited in characterizing qualitative differences in the type of negative affect experienced beyond the positive-negative valence dimension. In the current study, we establish the relationship between different forms of negative affect and functioning outcomes (i.e., different facets of social functioning and life satisfaction), and examine whether these forms of negative affect are differentially prevalent across late childhood and adolescence. Seven-hundred and 70 participants aged 8-17 years completed self-report measures that assessed a wide range of negative affective experiences. A factor analysis on the negative affect items revealed a four-factor solution that characterized the dimensions of affective experience, with factors reflecting general anxiety, anger, evaluative anxiety, and sadness. Generalized additive model approaches revealed general anxiety increased nonlinearly with age and was associated with decreased reports of emotional support, a facet of social functioning. Anger was associated with increased perceived hostility, perceived rejection, and decreased life satisfaction, and remained stable across the age range. Evaluative anxiety was associated with greater loneliness and increased linearly with increasing age. Sadness was associated with all outcome measures and showed nonlinear changes with age, with notable increases in midadolescence. These results show that subsuming these subtypes of negative affect under a singular concept may obscure meaningful relationships between affect, age, and functioning. Exploring diverse forms of negative affect may help refine theories of emotional development and ultimately inform windows of risk for psychopathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Buchanan CM, Zietz S, Lansford JE, Skinner AT, Di Giunta L, Dodge KA, Gurdal S, Liu Q, Long Q, Oburu P, Pastorelli C, Sorbring E, Steinberg L, Tapanya S, Uribe Tirado LM, Yotanyamaneewong S, Alampay LP, Al-Hassan S, Bacchini D, Bornstein MH, Chang L, Deater-Deckard K. Typicality and trajectories of problematic and positive behaviors over adolescence in eight countries. Front Psychol 2023; 13:991727. [PMID: 36817375 PMCID: PMC9930608 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.991727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examine the predictions of a storm and stress characterization of adolescence concerning typicality and trajectories of internalizing, externalizing, and wellbeing from late childhood through late adolescence. Using data from the Parenting Across Cultures study, levels and trajectories of these characteristics were analyzed for 1,211 adolescents from 11 cultural groups across eight countries. Data were longitudinal, collected at seven timepoints from 8 to 17 years of age. Results provide more support for a storm and stress characterization with respect to the developmental trajectories of behavior and characteristics from childhood to adolescence or across the adolescent years than with respect to typicality of behavior. Overall, adolescents' behavior was more positive than negative in all cultural groups across childhood and adolescence. There was cultural variability in both prevalence and trajectories of behavior. The data provide support for arguments that a more positive and nuanced characterization of adolescence is appropriate and important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M. Buchanan
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Susannah Zietz
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Ann T. Skinner
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Laura Di Giunta
- Department of Psychology, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Kenneth A. Dodge
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sevtap Gurdal
- Centre for Child and Youth Studies, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Adolescent Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Long
- Global Health, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Paul Oburu
- Department of Educational Psychology, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | | | - Emma Sorbring
- Centre for Child and Youth Studies, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Laurence Steinberg
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Psychology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sombat Tapanya
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | | | - Liane P. Alampay
- Department of Psychology, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines
| | | | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marc H. Bornstein
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Fiscal Studies, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
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Spillebout C, Pelluet A, Bioulac S, Fourneret P, Polosan M, Dondé C. Detection of clinical high risk for psychosis in child and adolescent mental health services: Validation of the first step with the French versions of the Prodromal Questionnaire (fPQ-16) and scale of Perceptual and Cognitive Aberrations (fPCA). Early Interv Psychiatry 2023. [PMID: 36638840 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To validate the French versions of the 16-items Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) and the 9-items scale of Perceptual and Cognitive Aberrations (PCA) to facilitate screening of psychosis risk in native French-speaking young individuals referred to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. METHOD Participants (N = 87, age range 10-18 years) were diagnosed with a non-psychotic disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The French versions of the PQ-16 and PCA were developed using a forward-backward translation procedure. Psychometric properties were tested including (i) internal validity with Pearson correlations and Cronbach's coefficients, and (ii) external validity by correlations with each other's. RESULTS (i) Correlations between fPQ-16 and fPCA total scores and individual items were mostly >.4. Cronbach's coefficients were .80 for the fPQ-16 and .61 for the fPCA. (ii) The fPQ-16 and fPCA total scores were significantly correlated with a large effect size (rs = 0.66). CONCLUSION The fPQ-16 and the fPCA are psychometrically acceptable instruments for the screening of potential psychotic symptoms in French-speaking children and young adolescents under 18 years old referred to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Albane Pelluet
- Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et du Développement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphanie Bioulac
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition (CNRS-UMR 5105), Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et l'adolescent, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Fourneret
- Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et du Développement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Adult Psychiatry Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Clément Dondé
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Inserm, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Adult Psychiatry Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Early Intervention in Psychosis, CH Alpes-Isère, Saint-Egrève, France
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Kitt ER, Odriozola P, Gee DG. Extinction Learning Across Development: Neurodevelopmental Changes and Implications for Pediatric Anxiety Disorders. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023; 64:237-256. [PMID: 37532964 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2023_430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in extinction learning relate to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders across the lifespan. While exposure therapy, based on principles of extinction, can be highly effective for treating anxiety, many patients do not show sufficient improvement following treatment. In particular, evidence suggests that exposure therapy does not work sufficiently for up to 40% of children who receive this evidence-based treatment.Importantly, fear learning and extinction, as well as the neural circuitry supporting these processes, undergo dynamic changes across development. An improved understanding of developmental changes in extinction learning and the associated neural circuitry may help to identify targets to improve treatment response in clinically anxious children and adolescents. In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of methods used to study fear learning and extinction in developmental populations. We then review what is currently known about the developmental changes that occur in extinction learning and related neural circuitry. We end this chapter with a discussion of the implications of these neurodevelopmental changes for the characterization and treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Odriozola
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dylan G Gee
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Liu L, Bongers A, Bilston LE, Jugé L. The combined use of DTI and MR elastography for monitoring microstructural changes in the developing brain of a neurodevelopmental disorder model: Poly (I:C)-induced maternal immune-activated rats. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280498. [PMID: 36638122 PMCID: PMC9838869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Early neuropathology mechanisms in neurodevelopmental disorders are partially understood because routine anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cannot detect subtle brain microstructural changes in vivo during postnatal development. Therefore, we investigated the potential value of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a rat model of neurodevelopmental disorder induced by maternal immune activation. We studied 12 offspring of mothers injected with polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly (I:C), 4 mg/kg) on gestational day 15, plus 8 controls. T2-weighted anatomical MR images, MRE (800 Hz) and DTI (30 gradient directions, b = 765.8 s/mm2, 5 images, b = 0 s/mm2) were collected when the rats were 4 and 10 weeks old, and results were compared with histological analysis performed at week 10. Ventricles were ~1.4 fold larger from week 4 in poly (I:C) rats than in controls. No other morphological abnormalities were detected in poly(I:C) rats. At week 4, larger ventricles were correlated with lower external capsule fractional anisotropy and internal capsule radial diffusion (Pearson, r = -0.53, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [-0.79 to -0.12], and r = -0.45, 95% CI [-0.74 to -0.01], respectively). The mean and radial diffusion of the corpus callosum, the mean and axial diffusion of the internal capsule and the radial diffusion properties in the external capsule increased with age for poly (I:C) rats only (Sidak's comparison, P<0.05). Cortical stiffness did not increase with age in poly (I:C) rats, in contrast with controls (Sidak's comparison, P = 0.005). These temporal variations probably reflected abnormal myelin content, decreased cell density and microglia activation observed at week 10 after histological assessment. To conclude, MRE and DTI allow monitoring of abnormal brain microstructural changes in poly (I:C) rats from week 4 after birth. This suggests that both imaging techniques have the potential to be used as complementary imaging tools to routine anatomical imaging to assist with the early diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders and provide new insights into neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Liu
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andre Bongers
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lynne E. Bilston
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lauriane Jugé
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Colich NL, Hanford LC, Weissman DG, Allen NB, Shirtcliff EA, Lengua LJ, Sheridan MA, McLaughlin KA. Childhood trauma, earlier pubertal timing, and psychopathology in adolescence: The role of corticolimbic development. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 59:101187. [PMID: 36640624 PMCID: PMC9842860 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier pubertal development appears to be one pathway through which childhood trauma contributes to psychopathology in adolescence. Puberty-related changes in neural networks involved in emotion processing, namely the amygdala-medial prefrontal (mPFC) circuit, may be a potential mechanism linking trauma and adolescent psychopathology. Our participants were 227 youth between 10 and 13 years of age who completed assessments of threat and deprivation-related experiences of adversity, pubertal stage, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. A subset (n = 149) also underwent a functional MRI scan while passively viewing fearful and calm faces. Potential mechanisms linking childhood trauma with psychopathology, encompassing earlier pubertal timing and neural response to aversive stimuli were explored. Earlier pubertal development was associated with childhood trauma as well as increased externalizing symptoms in boys only. Earlier pubertal timing in males and females was negatively associated with activation in bilateral amygdala, hippocampal, and fusiform regions when comparing fearful and calm faces. However, amygdala-mPFC connectivity showed no association with pubertal timing or psychopathology symptoms. These findings do not support accelerated amygdala-mPFC development as a mechanism linking childhood trauma and psychopathology, but instead provide support for the role of pubertal development in normative decreases in limbic activation across development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L. Colich
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, USA,Corresponding author.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Margaret A. Sheridan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
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Resting state functional connectivity as a marker of internalizing disorder onset in high-risk youth. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21337. [PMID: 36494495 PMCID: PMC9734132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While research has linked alterations in functional connectivity of the default mode (DMN), cognitive control (CCN), and salience networks (SN) to depression and anxiety, little research has examined whether these alterations may be premorbid vulnerabilities. This study examined resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the CCN, DMN, and SN as markers of risk for developing an onset of a depressive or anxiety disorder in adolescents at high familial risk for these disorders. At baseline, 135 participants aged 11-17 completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, measures of internalizing symptoms, and diagnostic interviews to assess history of depressive and anxiety disorders. Diagnostic assessments were completed again at 9- or 18-month follow-up for 112 participants. At baseline, increased CCN connectivity to areas of the visual network, and decreased connectivity between the left SN and the precentral gyrus, predicted an increased likelihood of a new onset at follow-up. Increased connectivity between the right SN and postcentral gyrus at baseline predicted first episode onsets at follow-up. Altered connectivity between these regions may represent a risk factor for developing a clinically significant onset of an internalizing disorder. Results may have implications for understanding the neural bases of internalizing disorders for early identification and prevention efforts.
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Gee DG. Neurodevelopmental mechanisms linking early experiences and mental health: Translating science to promote well-being among youth. AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2022; 77:1033-1045. [PMID: 36595400 PMCID: PMC9875304 DOI: 10.1037/amp0001107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Early experiences can have profound and lasting effects on mental health. Delineating neurodevelopmental pathways related to risk and resilience following adversity exposure is critical for promoting well-being and targeting interventions. A rapidly growing cross-species literature has facilitated advances in identifying neural and behavioral mechanisms linking early experiences with mental health, highlighting a central role of corticolimbic circuitry involved in learning and emotion regulation. Building upon knowledge of corticolimbic development related to stress and buffering factors, we describe the importance of the developmental timing and experiential elements of adversity in mental health outcomes. Finally, we discuss opportunities to translate knowledge of the developing brain and early experiences to optimize interventions for youth with psychopathology and to inform policy that promotes healthy development at the societal level. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Goldberg H. Growing Brains, Nurturing Minds-Neuroscience as an Educational Tool to Support Students' Development as Life-Long Learners. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121622. [PMID: 36552082 PMCID: PMC9775149 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other primates, humans are late bloomers, with exceptionally long childhood and adolescence. The extensive developmental period of humans is thought to facilitate the learning processes required for the growth and maturation of the complex human brain. During the first two and a half decades of life, the human brain is a construction site, and learning processes direct its shaping through experience-dependent neuroplasticity. Formal and informal learning, which generates long-term and accessible knowledge, is mediated by neuroplasticity to create adaptive structural and functional changes in brain networks. Since experience-dependent neuroplasticity is at full force during school years, it holds a tremendous educational opportunity. In order to fulfill this developmental and learning potential, educational practices should be human-brain-friendly and "ride" the neuroplasticity wave. Neuroscience can inform educators about the natural learning mechanisms of the brain to support student learning. This review takes a neuroscientific lens to explore central concepts in education (e.g., mindset, motivation, meaning-making, and attention) and suggests two methods of using neuroscience as an educational tool: teaching students about their brain (content level) and considering the neuro-mechanisms of learning in educational design (design level).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Goldberg
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Qu Y, Devakonda V, Shi Z, Yang B, Wang Q. The role of classroom- and individual-level teen stereotypes in Chinese adolescents' academic adjustment: A multilevel analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:933485. [PMID: 36506987 PMCID: PMC9732083 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.933485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is often portrayed in a negative light in Western culture, with teens being viewed as rebellious and irresponsible. Yet, there is substantial cultural and individual variability in views of teens. The empirical research to date is limited in that it mainly examines whether teen stereotypes are influential at the individual level. Teen stereotypes might also be perpetuated at the classroom level, which may have important implications for adolescent adjustment over time. Focusing on adolescents in Chinese culture where the teen years are often viewed in a positive light, this two-wave longitudinal study employed multi-level analyses to investigate whether stereotypes of adolescence at the classroom level play a role in Chinese adolescents' academic adjustment over time (N = 785; 55% girls; mean age = 12.96 years). Consistent with prior research on views of teens, the present analyses suggested that teen stereotypes regarding family obligation and school engagement at the individual level predicted adolescents' value of school and self-regulated learning strategies over the seventh grade. More importantly, classroom-level teen stereotypes were also largely predictive of adolescents' value of school and self-regulated learning strategies over time, controlling for their earlier academic adjustment, individual-level teen stereotypes, and classroom-level adjustment. Taken together, these findings indicate that stereotypes of adolescence in classroom or peer settings may contribute to adolescents' academic adjustment during this phase. The findings also provide a potential foundation for interventions aimed at promoting adolescents' positive development via changing teen stereotypes in the classroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qu
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States,*Correspondence: Yang Qu
| | - Varun Devakonda
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Zeyi Shi
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Beiming Yang
- School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Qian Wang
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Saavedra JM, Prentice AM. Nutrition in school-age children: a rationale for revisiting priorities. Nutr Rev 2022:6811793. [PMID: 36346900 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Middle childhood and early adolescence have received disproportionately low levels of scientific attention relative to other life stages, especially as related to nutrition and health. This is partly due to the justified emphasis on the first 1000 days of life, and the idea that early deficits and consequences may not be fully reversible. In addition, these stages of life may superficially appear less "eventful" than infancy or late adolescence. Finally, there has been historical ambiguity and inconsistency in terminology, depending on whether viewing "childhood" through physiologic, social, legal, or other lenses. Nevertheless, this age bracket, which encompasses most of the primary education and basic schooling years for most individuals, is marked by significant changes, inflection points, and sexually driven divergence in somatic and brain growth and development trajectories. These constitute transformative changes, and thus middle childhood and early adolescence represents a major and last opportunity to influence long-term health and productivity. This review highlights the specificities of growth and development in school age, with a focus on middle childhood and early adolescence (5 years-15 years of age, for the purposes of this review), the role of nutrition, the short- and long-term consequences of inadequate nutrition, and the current global status of nutrition in this age group. Adequate attention and emphasis on nutrition in the school-age years is critical: (a) for maintaining an adequate course of somatic and cognitive development, (b) for taking advantage of this last major opportunity to correct deficits of undernutrition and "catch-up" to normal life course development, and (c) for addressing the nutritional inadequacies and mitigating the longer-term consequences of overnutrition. This review summarizes and provides a rationale for prioritizing nutrition in school-age children, and for the need to revisit priorities and focus on this part of the life cycle to maximize individuals' potential and their contribution to society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Saavedra
- with the Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- is with the MRC Unit, The Gambia and MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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50
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De Gregorio R, Subah G, Chan JC, Speranza L, Zhang X, Ramakrishnan A, Shen L, Maze I, Stanton PK, Sze JY. Sex-biased effects on hippocampal circuit development by perinatal SERT expression in CA3 pyramidal neurons. Development 2022; 149:dev200549. [PMID: 36178075 PMCID: PMC10655925 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders ranging from autism to intellectual disability display sex-biased prevalence and phenotypical presentations. Despite increasing knowledge about temporospatial cortical map development and genetic variants linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, when and how sex-biased neural circuit derailment may arise in diseased brain remain unknown. Here, we identify in mice that serotonin uptake transporter (SERT) in non-serotonergic neurons - hippocampal and prefrontal pyramidal neurons - confers sex-biased effects specifically during neural circuit development. A set of gradient-patterned CA3 pyramidal neurons transiently express SERT to clear extracellular serotonin, coinciding with hippocampal synaptic circuit establishment. Ablating pyramidal neuron SERT (SERTPyramidΔ) alters dendritic spine developmental trajectory in the hippocampus, and precipitates sex-biased impairments in long-term activity-dependent hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive behaviors. Transcriptomic analyses identify sex-biased alterations in gene sets associated with autism, dendritic spine structure, synaptic function and male-specific enrichment of dysregulated genes in glial cells in early postnatal SERTPyramidΔ hippocampus. Our data suggest that SERT function in these pyramidal neurons underscores a temporal- and brain region-specific regulation of normal sex-dimorphic circuit development and a source for sex-biased vulnerability to cognitive and behavioral impairments. This article has an associated 'The people behind the papers' interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Gregorio
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Galadu Subah
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Jennifer C. Chan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY 10029, USA
| | - Luisa Speranza
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY 10029, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ian Maze
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY 10029, USA
| | - Patric K. Stanton
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Ji Y. Sze
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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