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Butler CT, Rodgers AM, Curtis AM, Donnelly RF. Chrono-tailored drug delivery systems: recent advances and future directions. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1756-1775. [PMID: 38416386 PMCID: PMC11153310 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms influence a range of biological processes within the body, with the central clock or suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the brain synchronising peripheral clocks around the body. These clocks are regulated by external cues, the most influential being the light/dark cycle, in order to synchronise with the external day. Chrono-tailored or circadian drug delivery systems (DDS) aim to optimise drug delivery by releasing drugs at specific times of day to align with circadian rhythms within the body. Although this approach is still relatively new, it has the potential to enhance drug efficacy, minimise side effects, and improve patient compliance. Chrono-tailored DDS have been explored and implemented in various conditions, including asthma, hypertension, and cancer. This review aims to introduce the biology of circadian rhythms and provide an overview of the current research on chrono-tailored DDS, with a particular focus on immunological applications and vaccination. Finally, we draw on some of the key challenges which need to be overcome for chrono-tailored DDS before they can be translated to more widespread use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine T Butler
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife M Rodgers
- The Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7B, UK
| | - Annie M Curtis
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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2
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Farag HI, Murphy BA, Templeman JR, Hanlon C, Joshua J, Koch TG, Niel L, Shoveller AK, Bedecarrats GY, Ellison A, Wilcockson D, Martino TA. One Health: Circadian Medicine Benefits Both Non-human Animals and Humans Alike. J Biol Rhythms 2024; 39:237-269. [PMID: 38379166 PMCID: PMC11141112 DOI: 10.1177/07487304241228021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Circadian biology's impact on human physical health and its role in disease development and progression is widely recognized. The forefront of circadian rhythm research now focuses on translational applications to clinical medicine, aiming to enhance disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment responses. However, the field of circadian medicine has predominantly concentrated on human healthcare, neglecting its potential for transformative applications in veterinary medicine, thereby overlooking opportunities to improve non-human animal health and welfare. This review consists of three main sections. The first section focuses on the translational potential of circadian medicine into current industry practices of agricultural animals, with a particular emphasis on horses, broiler chickens, and laying hens. The second section delves into the potential applications of circadian medicine in small animal veterinary care, primarily focusing on our companion animals, namely dogs and cats. The final section explores emerging frontiers in circadian medicine, encompassing aquaculture, veterinary hospital care, and non-human animal welfare and concludes with the integration of One Health principles. In summary, circadian medicine represents a highly promising field of medicine that holds the potential to significantly enhance the clinical care and overall health of all animals, extending its impact beyond human healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham I. Farag
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara A. Murphy
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James R. Templeman
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Charlene Hanlon
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Jessica Joshua
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas G. Koch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Lee Niel
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Anna K. Shoveller
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Amy Ellison
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - David Wilcockson
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Tami A. Martino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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3
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March S, Nerurkar N, Jain A, Andrus L, Kim D, Whittaker CA, Tan EK, Thiberge S, Fleming HE, Mancio-Silva L, Rice CM, Bhatia SN. Autonomous circadian rhythms in the human hepatocyte regulate hepatic drug metabolism and inflammatory responses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm9281. [PMID: 38657074 PMCID: PMC11042741 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm9281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Critical aspects of physiology and cell function exhibit self-sustained ~24-hour variations termed circadian rhythms. In the liver, circadian rhythms play fundamental roles in maintaining organ homeostasis. Here, we established and characterized an in vitro liver experimental system in which primary human hepatocytes display self-sustained oscillations. By generating gene expression profiles of these hepatocytes over time, we demonstrated that their transcriptional state is dynamic across 24 hours and identified a set of cycling genes with functions related to inflammation, drug metabolism, and energy homeostasis. We designed and tested a treatment protocol to minimize atorvastatin- and acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Last, we documented circadian-dependent induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines when triggered by LPS, IFN-β, or Plasmodium infection in human hepatocytes. Collectively, our findings emphasize that the phase of the circadian cycle has a robust impact on the efficacy and toxicity of drugs, and we provide a test bed to study the timing and magnitude of inflammatory responses over the course of infection in human liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra March
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Niketa Nerurkar
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anisha Jain
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Linda Andrus
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, NY, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Kim
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Charles A. Whittaker
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Edward K.W. Tan
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sabine Thiberge
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1201, CNRS EMR9195, Unité de Biologie des Interactions Hôte-Parasite, 75015 Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Centre de Production et d’Infection des Anophèles, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Heather E. Fleming
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Liliana Mancio-Silva
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1201, CNRS EMR9195, Unité de Biologie des Interactions Hôte-Parasite, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Charles M. Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, NY, New York, USA
| | - Sangeeta N. Bhatia
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Wyss Institute at Harvard University, 201 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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4
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Zhou Q, Wang R, Su Y, Wang B, Zhang Y, Qin X. The molecular circadian rhythms regulating the cell cycle. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30539. [PMID: 38372014 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The circadian clock controls the expression of a large proportion of protein-coding genes in mammals and can modulate a wide range of physiological processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that disruption or dysregulation of the circadian clock is involved in the development and progression of several diseases, including cancer. The cell cycle is considered to be the fundamental process related to cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that the circadian clock can control the expression of a large number of genes related to the cell cycle. This article reviews the mechanism of cell cycle-related genes whose chromatin regulatory elements are rhythmically occupied by core circadian clock transcription factors, while their RNAs are rhythmically expressed. This article further reviews the identified oscillatory cell cycle-related genes in higher organisms such as baboons and humans. The potential functions of these identified genes in regulating cell cycle progression are also discussed. Understanding how the molecular clock controls the expression of cell cycle genes will be beneficial for combating and treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ruohan Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunxia Su
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Modern Experiment Technology Center, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ximing Qin
- Institute of Health Sciences and Technology, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical interface separating the central nervous system from the peripheral circulation, ensuring brain homeostasis and function. Recent research has unveiled a profound connection between the BBB and circadian rhythms, the endogenous oscillations synchronizing biological processes with the 24-hour light-dark cycle. This review explores the significance of circadian rhythms in the context of BBB functions, with an emphasis on substrate passage through the BBB. Our discussion includes efflux transporters and the molecular timing mechanisms that regulate their activities. A significant focus of this review is the potential implications of chronotherapy, leveraging our knowledge of circadian rhythms for improving drug delivery to the brain. Understanding the temporal changes in BBB can lead to optimized timing of drug administration, to enhance therapeutic efficacy for neurological disorders while reducing side effects. By elucidating the interplay between circadian rhythms and drug transport across the BBB, this review offers insights into innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kim
- Cell Biology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA (M.K., S.L.Z.)
| | - Richard F Keep
- Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (R.F.K.)
| | - Shirley L Zhang
- Cell Biology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA (M.K., S.L.Z.)
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Festus ID, Spilberg J, Young ME, Cain S, Khoshnevis S, Smolensky MH, Zaheer F, Descalzi G, Martino TA. Pioneering new frontiers in circadian medicine chronotherapies for cardiovascular health. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00040-7. [PMID: 38458859 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health concern. Circadian medicine improves cardiovascular care by aligning treatments with our body's daily rhythms and their underlying cellular circadian mechanisms. Time-based therapies, or chronotherapies, show special promise in clinical cardiology. They optimize treatment schedules for better outcomes with fewer side effects by recognizing the profound influence of rhythmic body cycles. In this review, we focus on three chronotherapy areas (medication, light, and meal timing) with potential to enhance cardiovascular care. We also highlight pioneering research in the new field of rest, the gut microbiome, novel chronotherapies for hypertension, pain management, and small molecules that targeting the circadian mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifene David Festus
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeri Spilberg
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sean Cain
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sepideh Khoshnevis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael H Smolensky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fariya Zaheer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giannina Descalzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tami A Martino
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph; Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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7
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Zhu X, Maier G, Panda S. Learning from circadian rhythm to transform cancer prevention, prognosis, and survivorship care. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:196-207. [PMID: 38001006 PMCID: PMC10939944 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Circadian timekeeping mechanisms and cell cycle regulation share thematic biological principles in responding to signals, repairing cellular damage, coordinating metabolism, and allocating cellular resources for optimal function. Recent studies show interactions between cell cycle regulators and circadian clock components, offering insights into potential cancer treatment approaches. Understanding circadian control of metabolism informs timing for therapies to reduce adverse effects and enhance treatment efficacy. Circadian adaptability to lifestyle factors, such as activity, sleep, and nutrition sheds light on their impact on cancer. Leveraging circadian regulatory mechanisms for cancer prevention and care is vital, as most risk stems from modifiable lifestyles. Monitoring circadian factors aids risk assessment and targeted interventions across the cancer care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Geraldine Maier
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Kou L, Chi X, Sun Y, Yin S, Wu J, Zou W, Wang Y, Jin Z, Huang J, Xiong N, Xia Y, Wang T. Circadian regulation of microglia function: Potential targets for treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102232. [PMID: 38364915 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are involved in the regulation of many aspects of the body, including cell function, physical activity and disease. Circadian disturbance often predates the typical symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases and is not only a non-motor symptom, but also one of the causes of their occurrence and progression. Glial cells possess circadian clocks that regulate their function to maintain brain development and homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that the microglial circadian clock is involved in the regulation of many physiological processes, such as cytokine release, phagocytosis, and nutritional and metabolic support, and that disruption of the microglia clock may affect multiple aspects of Parkinson's disease, especially neuroinflammation and α-synuclein processes. Herein, we review recent advances in the circadian control of microglia function in health and disease, and discuss novel pharmacological interventions for microglial clocks in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Kou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaosa Chi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yadi Sun
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Sijia Yin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenkai Zou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zongjie Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinsha Huang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Nian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Zheng S, Wang J, Zhang H, Wang S, Meng X. The effect of surgery started at different time point during the day on the clinical outcomes of mitral valve surgery. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1360763. [PMID: 38433755 PMCID: PMC10904606 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1360763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical prognosis of mitral valve surgery at morning, afternoon, and evening is not yet clear. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of different time periods of surgery in the morning, afternoon and evening on the short-term and long-term results of mitral valve surgery. Methods From January 2018 to December 2020, 947 patients with mitral valve surgery in our department were selected. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the starting time of surgery. Morning group (operation start time 8:00-10:30, n = 231), afternoon group (operation start time 12:00-14:30, n = 543), and evening group (operation start time 17:30-20:00, n = 173). The short-term and long-term results of the three groups were compared. Results There were no significant difference in the long-term mortality, long-term risk of stroke and reoperation. And there were no significant difference in in-hospital outcomes, including mortality, stroke, cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross clamp time, mitral valve repair convert to mitral valve replacement, number of aortic cross clamp ≥2 times, unplanned secondary surgery during hospitalization (including thoracotomy hemostasis, thoracotomy exploration, redo mitral valve surgery, and debridement), intra-aortic balloon pump, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, continuous renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation time, and intensive care unit length of stay. Conclusion There is no significant difference in the risk of short-term and long-term survival and adverse events after mitral valve surgery at different time periods in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Mitral valve surgery at night is safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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10
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Li SY, Hammarlund JA, Wu G, Lian JW, Howell SJ, Clarke RB, Adamson AD, Gonçalves CF, Hogenesch JB, Anafi RC, Meng QJ. Tumor circadian clock strength influences metastatic potential and predicts patient prognosis in luminal A breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311854121. [PMID: 38319971 PMCID: PMC10873596 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311854121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies in shift workers and model organisms link circadian disruption to breast cancer. However, molecular circadian rhythms in noncancerous and cancerous human breast tissues and their clinical relevance are largely unknown. We reconstructed rhythms informatically, integrating locally collected, time-stamped biopsies with public datasets. For noncancerous breast tissue, inflammatory, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and estrogen responsiveness pathways show circadian modulation. Among tumors, clock correlation analysis demonstrates subtype-specific changes in circadian organization. Luminal A organoids and informatic ordering of luminal A samples exhibit continued, albeit dampened and reprogrammed rhythms. However, CYCLOPS magnitude, a measure of global rhythm strength, varied widely among luminal A samples. Cycling of EMT pathway genes was markedly increased in high-magnitude luminal A tumors. Surprisingly, patients with high-magnitude tumors had reduced 5-y survival. Correspondingly, 3D luminal A cultures show reduced invasion following molecular clock disruption. This study links subtype-specific circadian disruption in breast cancer to EMT, metastatic potential, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yang Li
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Jan A. Hammarlund
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Bossone Research Center, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Gang Wu
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Circadian Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45229
- Division of Immunobiology, Center for Circadian Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45229
| | - Jia-Wen Lian
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Sacha J. Howell
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, ManchesterM20 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Robert B. Clarke
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, ManchesterM20 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Antony D. Adamson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Cátia F. Gonçalves
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - John B. Hogenesch
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Circadian Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45229
- Division of Immunobiology, Center for Circadian Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH45229
| | - Ron C. Anafi
- Department of Medicine, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, ManchesterM13 9PT, United Kingdom
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11
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Specht A, Kolosov G, Cederberg KLJ, Bueno F, Arrona-Palacios A, Pardilla-Delgado E, Ruiz-Herrera N, Zitting KM, Kramer A, Zeitzer JM, Czeisler CA, Duffy JF, Mignot E. Circadian protein expression patterns in healthy young adults. Sleep Health 2024; 10:S41-S51. [PMID: 38087675 PMCID: PMC11031319 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore how the blood plasma proteome fluctuates across the 24-hour day and identify a subset of proteins that show endogenous circadian rhythmicity. METHODS Plasma samples from 17 healthy adults were collected hourly under controlled conditions designed to unmask endogenous circadian rhythmicity; in a subset of 8 participants, we also collected samples across a day on a typical sleep-wake schedule. A total of 6916 proteins were analyzed from each sample using the SomaScan aptamer-based multiplexed platform. We used differential rhythmicity analysis based on a cosinor model with mixed effects to identify a subset of proteins that showed circadian rhythmicity in their abundance. RESULTS One thousand and sixty-three (15%) proteins exhibited significant daily rhythmicity. Of those, 431 (6.2%) proteins displayed consistent endogenous circadian rhythms on both a sleep-wake schedule and under controlled conditions: it included both known and novel proteins. When models were fitted with two harmonics, an additional 259 (3.7%) proteins exhibited significant endogenous circadian rhythmicity, indicating that some rhythmic proteins cannot be solely captured by a simple sinusoidal model. Overall, we found that the largest number of proteins had their peak levels in the late afternoon/evening, with another smaller group peaking in the early morning. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that hundreds of plasma proteins exhibit endogenous circadian rhythmicity in humans. Future analyses will likely reveal novel physiological pathways regulated by circadian clocks and pave the way for improved diagnosis and treatment for patients with circadian disorders and other pathologies. It will also advance efforts to include knowledge about time-of-day, thereby incorporating circadian medicine into personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Specht
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - German Kolosov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Katie L J Cederberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Flavia Bueno
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Arturo Arrona-Palacios
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Enmanuelle Pardilla-Delgado
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Noelia Ruiz-Herrera
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kirsi-Marja Zitting
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Achim Kramer
- Division of Chronobiology, Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jamie M Zeitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Charles A Czeisler
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeanne F Duffy
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.
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12
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Luetz A, Spies C, Kervezee L. It's about time: circadian medicine in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 2024; 50:283-286. [PMID: 38112772 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-023-07297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alawi Luetz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Healthcare Management, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Claudia Spies
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Kervezee
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Vlachou D, Veretennikova M, Usselmann L, Vasilyev V, Ott S, Bjarnason GA, Dallmann R, Levi F, Rand DA. TimeTeller: A tool to probe the circadian clock as a multigene dynamical system. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011779. [PMID: 38422117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have established that the circadian clock influences onset, progression and therapeutic outcomes in a number of diseases including cancer and heart diseases. Therefore, there is a need for tools to measure the functional state of the molecular circadian clock and its downstream targets in patients. Moreover, the clock is a multi-dimensional stochastic oscillator and there are few tools for analysing it as a noisy multigene dynamical system. In this paper we consider the methodology behind TimeTeller, a machine learning tool that analyses the clock as a noisy multigene dynamical system and aims to estimate circadian clock function from a single transcriptome by modelling the multi-dimensional state of the clock. We demonstrate its potential for clock systems assessment by applying it to mouse, baboon and human microarray and RNA-seq data and show how to visualise and quantify the global structure of the clock, quantitatively stratify individual transcriptomic samples by clock dysfunction and globally compare clocks across individuals, conditions and tissues thus highlighting its potential relevance for advancing circadian medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Vlachou
- Mathematics Institute & Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Veretennikova
- Mathematics Institute & Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Usselmann
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Vadim Vasilyev
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Sascha Ott
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Georg A Bjarnason
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Dallmann
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Levi
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- UPR "Chronotherapy, Cancer and Transplantation", Medical School, Paris-Saclay University, Medical Oncology Department, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - David A Rand
- Mathematics Institute & Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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14
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Maloney E, Duffy D. Deciphering the relationship between temperature and immunity. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 3:kyae001. [PMID: 38567294 PMCID: PMC10917241 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fever is a hallmark symptom of disease across the animal kingdom. Yet, despite the evidence linking temperature fluctuation and immune response, much remains to be discovered about the molecular mechanisms governing these interactions. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, for instance, it is clinically accepted that joint temperature can predict disease progression. But it was only recently demonstrated that the mitochondria of stimulated T cells can rise to an extreme 50°C, potentially indicating a cellular source of these localized 'fevers'. A challenge to dissecting these mechanisms is a bidirectional interplay between temperature and immunity. Heat shock response is found in virtually all organisms, activating protective pathways when cells are exposed to elevated temperatures. However, the temperature threshold that activates these pathways can vary within the same organism, with human immune cells, in particular, demonstrating differential sensitivity to heat. Such inter-cellular variation may be clinically relevant given the small but significant temperature differences seen between tissues, ages, and sexes. Greater understanding of how such small temperature perturbations mediate immune responses may provide new explanations for persistent questions in disease such as sex disparity in disease prevalence. Notably, the prevalence and severity of many maladies are rising with climate change, suggesting temperature fluctuations can interact with disease on multiple levels. As global temperatures are rising, and our body temperatures are falling, questions regarding temperature-immune interactions are increasingly critical. Here, we review this aspect of environmental interplay to better understand temperature's role in immune variation and subsequent risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Maloney
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Frontiers of Innovation in Research and Education PhD Program, LPI Doctoral School, Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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15
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Personnic E, Gerard G, Poilbout C, Jetten AM, Gómez AM, Benitah JP, Perrier R. Circadian regulation of Ca V 1.2 expression by RORα in the mouse heart. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.15.575657. [PMID: 38293155 PMCID: PMC10827087 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Background In addition to show autonomous beating rhythmicity, the physiological functions of the heart present daily periodic oscillations. Notably the ventricular repolarization itself varies throughout the circadian cycle which was mainly related to the periodic expression of K + channels. However, the involvement of the L-type Ca 2+ channel (Ca V 1.2 encoded by Cacna1c gene) in these circadian variations remains elusive. Methods We used a transgenic mouse model (PCa-luc) that expresses the luciferase reporter under the control of the cardiac Cacna1c promoter and analyzed promoter activity by bioluminescent imaging, qPCR, immunoblot, Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) and Ca V 1.2 activity. Results Under normal 12:12h light-dark cycle, we observed in vivo a biphasic diurnal variation of promoter activities peaking at 9 and 19.5 Zeitgeber time (ZT). This was associated with a periodicity of Cacna1c mRNA levels preceding 24-h oscillations of Ca V 1.2 protein levels in ventricle (with a 1.5 h phase shift) but not in atrial heart tissues. The periodicity of promoter activities and Ca V 1.2 proteins, which correlated with biphasic oscillations of L-type Ca 2+ current conductance, persisted in isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes from PCa-Luc mice over the course of the 24-h cycle, suggesting an endogenous cardiac circadian regulation. Comparison of 24-h temporal patterns of clock gene expressions in ventricles and atrial tissues of the same mice revealed conserved circadian oscillations of the core clock genes except for the retinoid-related orphan receptor α gene (RORα), which remained constant throughout the course of a day in atrial tissues. In vitro we found that RORα is recruited to two specific regions on the Cacna1c promoter and that incubation with specific RORα inhibitor disrupted 24-h oscillations of ventricular promoter activities and Ca V 1.2 protein levels. Similar results were observed for pore forming subunits of the K + transient outward currents, K V 4.2 and K V 4.3. Conclusions These findings raise the possibility that the RORα-dependent rhythmic regulation of cardiac Ca V 1.2 and K V 4.2/4.3 throughout the daily cycle may play an important role in physiopathology of heart function.
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16
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Ronaldson PT, Williams EI, Betterton RD, Stanton JA, Nilles KL, Davis TP. CNS Drug Delivery in Stroke: Improving Therapeutic Translation From the Bench to the Bedside. Stroke 2024; 55:190-202. [PMID: 38134249 PMCID: PMC10752297 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.043764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Drug development for ischemic stroke is challenging as evidenced by the paucity of therapeutics that have advanced beyond a phase III trial. There are many reasons for this lack of clinical translation including factors related to the experimental design of preclinical studies. Often overlooked in therapeutic development for ischemic stroke is the requirement of effective drug delivery to the brain, which is critical for neuroprotective efficacy of several small and large molecule drugs. Advancing central nervous system drug delivery technologies implies a need for detailed comprehension of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neurovascular unit. Such knowledge will permit the innate biology of the BBB/neurovascular unit to be leveraged for improved bench-to-bedside translation of novel stroke therapeutics. In this review, we will highlight key aspects of BBB/neurovascular unit pathophysiology and describe state-of-the-art approaches for optimization of central nervous system drug delivery (ie, passive diffusion, mechanical opening of the BBB, liposomes/nanoparticles, transcytosis, intranasal drug administration). Additionally, we will discuss how endogenous BBB transporters represent the next frontier of drug delivery strategies for stroke. Overall, this review will provide cutting edge perspective on how central nervous system drug delivery must be considered for the advancement of new stroke drugs toward human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick T. Ronaldson
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Erica I. Williams
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Robert D. Betterton
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Joshua A. Stanton
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kelsy L. Nilles
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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17
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Johanns M, Haas JT, Raverdy V, Vandel J, Chevalier-Dubois J, Guille L, Derudas B, Legendre B, Caiazzo R, Verkindt H, Gnemmi V, Leteurtre E, Derhourhi M, Bonnefond A, Froguel P, Eeckhoute J, Lassailly G, Mathurin P, Pattou F, Staels B, Lefebvre P. Time-of-day-dependent variation of the human liver transcriptome and metabolome is disrupted in MASLD. JHEP Rep 2024; 6:100948. [PMID: 38125300 PMCID: PMC10730870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims Liver homeostasis is ensured in part by time-of-day-dependent processes, many of them being paced by the molecular circadian clock. Liver functions are compromised in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and clock disruption increases susceptibility to MASLD progression in rodent models. We therefore investigated whether the time-of-day-dependent transcriptome and metabolome are significantly altered in human steatotic and MASH livers. Methods Liver biopsies, collected within an 8 h-window from a carefully phenotyped cohort of 290 patients and histologically diagnosed to be either normal, steatotic or MASH hepatic tissues, were analyzed by RNA sequencing and unbiased metabolomic approaches. Time-of-day-dependent gene expression patterns and metabolomes were identified and compared between histologically normal, steatotic and MASH livers. Results Herein, we provide a first-of-its-kind report of a daytime-resolved human liver transcriptome-metabolome and associated alterations in MASLD. Transcriptomic analysis showed a robustness of core molecular clock components in steatotic and MASH livers. It also revealed stage-specific, time-of-day-dependent alterations of hundreds of transcripts involved in cell-to-cell communication, intracellular signaling and metabolism. Similarly, rhythmic amino acid and lipid metabolomes were affected in pathological livers. Both TNFα and PPARγ signaling were predicted as important contributors to altered rhythmicity. Conclusion MASLD progression to MASH perturbs time-of-day-dependent processes in human livers, while the differential expression of core molecular clock components is maintained. Impact and implications This work characterizes the rhythmic patterns of the transcriptome and metabolome in the human liver. Using a cohort of well-phenotyped patients (n = 290) for whom the time-of-day at biopsy collection was known, we show that time-of-day variations observed in histologically normal livers are gradually perturbed in liver steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Importantly, these observations, albeit obtained across a restricted time window, provide further support for preclinical studies demonstrating alterations of rhythmic patterns in diseased livers. On a practical note, this study indicates the importance of considering time-of-day as a critical biological variable which may significantly affect data interpretation in animal and human studies of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Johanns
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Joel T. Haas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Violetta Raverdy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1190-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jimmy Vandel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Chevalier-Dubois
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Loic Guille
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Derudas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Legendre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1190-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Robert Caiazzo
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1190-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Helene Verkindt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1190-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | | | - Mehdi Derhourhi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 1283/8199-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 1283/8199-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Imperial College London; London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 1283/8199-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Imperial College London; London, United Kingdom
| | - Jérôme Eeckhoute
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | | | - François Pattou
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1190-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Philippe Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
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18
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Obodo D, Outland EH, Hughey JJ. LimoRhyde2: Genomic analysis of biological rhythms based on effect sizes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292089. [PMID: 38096249 PMCID: PMC10721038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-scale data have revealed daily rhythms in various species and tissues. However, current methods to assess rhythmicity largely restrict their focus to quantifying statistical significance, which may not reflect biological relevance. To address this limitation, we developed a method called LimoRhyde2 (the successor to our method LimoRhyde), which focuses instead on rhythm-related effect sizes and their uncertainty. For each genomic feature, LimoRhyde2 fits a curve using a series of linear models based on periodic splines, moderates the fits using an Empirical Bayes approach called multivariate adaptive shrinkage (Mash), then uses the moderated fits to calculate rhythm statistics such as peak-to-trough amplitude. The periodic splines capture non-sinusoidal rhythmicity, while Mash uses patterns in the data to account for different fits having different levels of noise. To demonstrate LimoRhyde2's utility, we applied it to multiple circadian transcriptome datasets. Overall, LimoRhyde2 prioritized genes having high-amplitude rhythms in expression, whereas a prior method (BooteJTK) prioritized "statistically significant" genes whose amplitudes could be relatively small. Thus, quantifying effect sizes using approaches such as LimoRhyde2 has the potential to transform interpretation of genomic data related to biological rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Obodo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Elliot H. Outland
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jacob J. Hughey
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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19
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Zhou M, Tamburini IJ, Van C, Molendijk J, Nguyen CM, Chang IYY, Johnson C, Velez LM, Cheon Y, Yeo RX, Bae H, Le J, Larson N, Pulido R, Filho C, Jang C, Marazzi I, Justice JN, Pannunzio N, Hevener A, Sparks LM, Kershaw EE, Nicholas D, Parker B, Masri S, Seldin M. Leveraging inter-individual transcriptional correlation structure to infer discrete signaling mechanisms across metabolic tissues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.10.540142. [PMID: 37214953 PMCID: PMC10197628 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.10.540142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract/IntroductionInter-organ communication is a vital process to maintain physiologic homeostasis, and its dysregulation contributes to many human diseases. Beginning with the discovery of insulin over a century ago, characterization of molecules responsible for signal between tissues has required careful and elegant experimentation where these observations have been integral to deciphering physiology and disease. Given that circulating bioactive factors are stable in serum, occur naturally, and are easily assayed from blood, they present obvious focal molecules for therapeutic intervention and biomarker development. For example, physiologic dissection of the actions of soluble proteins such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) have yielded among the most promising therapeutics to treat cardiovascular disease and obesity, respectively1–4. A major obstacle in the characterization of such soluble factors is that defining their tissues and pathways of action requires extensive experimental testing in cells and animal models. Recently, studies have shown that secreted proteins mediating inter-tissue signaling could be identified by “brute-force” surveys of all genes within RNA-sequencing measures across tissues within a population5–9. Expanding on this intuition, we reasoned that parallel strategies could be used to understand how individual genes mediate signaling across metabolic tissues through correlative analyses of gene variation between individuals. Thus, comparison of quantitative levels of gene expression relationships between organs in a population could aid in understanding cross-organ signaling. Here, we surveyed gene-gene correlation structure across 18 metabolic tissues in 310 human individuals and 7 tissues in 103 diverse strains of mice fed a normal chow or HFHS diet. Variation of genes such asFGF21, ADIPOQ, GCGandIL6showed enrichments which recapitulate experimental observations. Further, similar analyses were applied to explore both within-tissue signaling mechanisms (liverPCSK9) as well as genes encoding enzymes producing metabolites (adiposePNPLA2), where inter-individual correlation structure aligned with known roles for these critical metabolic pathways. Examination of sex hormone receptor correlations in mice highlighted the difference of tissue-specific variation in relationships with metabolic traits. We refer to this resource asGene-DerivedCorrelationsAcrossTissues (GD-CAT) where all tools and data are built into a web portal enabling users to perform these analyses without a single line of code (gdcat.org). This resource enables querying of any gene in any tissue to find correlated patterns of genes, cell types, pathways and network architectures across metabolic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ian J. Tamburini
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra Van
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Molendijk
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christy M Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Casey Johnson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Leandro M. Velez
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Youngseo Cheon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Reichelle X. Yeo
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Hosung Bae
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Johnny Le
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Natalie Larson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ron Pulido
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Filho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ivan Marazzi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jamie N. Justice
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Pannunzio
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Hevener
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Iris Cantor-UCLA Women’s Health Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lauren M. Sparks
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Erin E. Kershaw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section On Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dequina Nicholas
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin Parker
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Selma Masri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Marcus Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine. Irvine, CA, USA
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20
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Beale AD, Hayter EA, Crosby P, Valekunja UK, Edgar RS, Chesham JE, Maywood ES, Labeed FH, Reddy AB, Wright KP, Lilley KS, Bechtold DA, Hastings MH, O'Neill JS. Mechanisms and physiological function of daily haemoglobin oxidation rhythms in red blood cells. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114164. [PMID: 37554073 PMCID: PMC10548169 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular circadian rhythms confer temporal organisation upon physiology that is fundamental to human health. Rhythms are present in red blood cells (RBCs), the most abundant cell type in the body, but their physiological function is poorly understood. Here, we present a novel biochemical assay for haemoglobin (Hb) oxidation status which relies on a redox-sensitive covalent haem-Hb linkage that forms during SDS-mediated cell lysis. Formation of this linkage is lowest when ferrous Hb is oxidised, in the form of ferric metHb. Daily haemoglobin oxidation rhythms are observed in mouse and human RBCs cultured in vitro, or taken from humans in vivo, and are unaffected by mutations that affect circadian rhythms in nucleated cells. These rhythms correlate with daily rhythms in core body temperature, with temperature lowest when metHb levels are highest. Raising metHb levels with dietary sodium nitrite can further decrease daytime core body temperature in mice via nitric oxide (NO) signalling. These results extend our molecular understanding of RBC circadian rhythms and suggest they contribute to the regulation of body temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward A Hayter
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Priya Crosby
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeUK
- Present address:
Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, Santa CruzSanta CruzCAUSA
| | - Utham K Valekunja
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Rachel S Edgar
- Department of Infectious DiseasesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | - Fatima H Labeed
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK
| | - Akhilesh B Reddy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Sleep and Chronobiology LaboratoryUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - Kathryn S Lilley
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - David A Bechtold
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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21
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Whittaker DS, Akhmetova L, Carlin D, Romero H, Welsh DK, Colwell CS, Desplats P. Circadian modulation by time-restricted feeding rescues brain pathology and improves memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1704-1721.e6. [PMID: 37607543 PMCID: PMC10591997 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Circadian disruptions impact nearly all people with Alzheimer's disease (AD), emphasizing both their potential role in pathology and the critical need to investigate the therapeutic potential of circadian-modulating interventions. Here, we show that time-restricted feeding (TRF) without caloric restriction improved key disease components including behavioral timing, disease pathology, hippocampal transcription, and memory in two transgenic (TG) mouse models of AD. We found that TRF had the remarkable capability of simultaneously reducing amyloid deposition, increasing Aβ42 clearance, improving sleep and memory, and normalizing daily transcription patterns of multiple genes, including those associated with AD and neuroinflammation. Thus, our study unveils for the first time the pleiotropic nature of timed feeding on AD, which has far-reaching effects beyond metabolism, ameliorating neurodegeneration and the misalignment of circadian rhythmicity. Since TRF can substantially modify disease trajectory, this intervention has immediate translational potential, addressing the urgent demand for accessible approaches to reduce or halt AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Whittaker
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laila Akhmetova
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Carlin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Haylie Romero
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David K Welsh
- Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paula Desplats
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Circadian Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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22
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Chen R, Routh BN, Gaudet AD, Fonken LK. Circadian Regulation of the Neuroimmune Environment Across the Lifespan: From Brain Development to Aging. J Biol Rhythms 2023; 38:419-446. [PMID: 37357738 PMCID: PMC10475217 DOI: 10.1177/07487304231178950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks confer 24-h periodicity to biological systems, to ultimately maximize energy efficiency and promote survival in a world with regular environmental light cycles. In mammals, circadian rhythms regulate myriad physiological functions, including the immune, endocrine, and central nervous systems. Within the central nervous system, specialized glial cells such as astrocytes and microglia survey and maintain the neuroimmune environment. The contributions of these neuroimmune cells to both homeostatic and pathogenic demands vary greatly across the day. Moreover, the function of these cells changes across the lifespan. In this review, we discuss circadian regulation of the neuroimmune environment across the lifespan, with a focus on microglia and astrocytes. Circadian rhythms emerge in early life concurrent with neuroimmune sculpting of brain circuits and wane late in life alongside increasing immunosenescence and neurodegeneration. Importantly, circadian dysregulation can alter immune function, which may contribute to susceptibility to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we highlight circadian neuroimmune interactions across the lifespan and share evidence that circadian dysregulation within the neuroimmune system may be a critical component in human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhuo Chen
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Brandy N. Routh
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Andrew D. Gaudet
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Laura K. Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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23
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Jiang X, Li W, Ge L, Lu M. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence during Aging:From Mechanisms to Rejuvenation Strategies. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1651-1676. [PMID: 37196126 PMCID: PMC10529739 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In cell transplantation therapy, mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are ideal seed cells due to their easy acquisition and cultivation, strong regenerative capacity, multi-directional differentiation abilities, and immunomodulatory effects. Autologous MSCs are better applicable compared with allogeneic MSCs in clinical practice. The elderly are the main population for cell transplantation therapy, but as donor aging, MSCs in the tissue show aging-related changes. When the number of generations of in vitro expansion is increased, MSCs will also exhibit replicative senescence. The quantity and quality of MSCs decline during aging, which limits the efficacy of autologous MSCs transplantation therapy. In this review, we examine the changes in MSC senescence as a result of aging, discuss the progress of research on mechanisms and signalling pathways of MSC senescence, and discuss possible rejuvenation strategies of aged MSCs to combat senescence and enhance the health and therapeutic potential of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchen Jiang
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan provincical key laboratory of Neurorestoratology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
| | - Wenshui Li
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan provincical key laboratory of Neurorestoratology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
| | - Lite Ge
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan provincical key laboratory of Neurorestoratology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China, Changsha
| | - Ming Lu
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan provincical key laboratory of Neurorestoratology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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24
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Bhatnagar A, Murray G, Ray S. Circadian biology to advance therapeutics for mood disorders. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:689-704. [PMID: 37648611 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Mood disorders account for a significant global disease burden, and pharmacological innovation is needed as existing medications are suboptimal. A wide range of evidence implicates circadian and sleep dysfunction in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, and there is growing interest in these chronobiological pathways as a focus for treatment innovation. We review contemporary evidence in three promising areas in circadian-clock-based therapeutics in mood disorders: targeting the circadian system informed by mechanistic molecular advances; time-tailoring of medications; and personalizing treatment using circadian parameters. We also consider the limitations and challenges in accelerating the development of new circadian-informed pharmacotherapies for mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Bhatnagar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India; Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Greg Murray
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Sandipan Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, 502284, Telangana, India.
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25
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Diamantopoulou Z, Gvozdenovic A, Aceto N. A new time dimension in the fight against metastasis. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:736-748. [PMID: 36967300 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in uncovering vulnerabilities, identifying biomarkers, and developing more efficient treatments, cancer remains a threat because of its ability to progress while acquiring resistance to therapy. The circadian rhythm governs most of the cellular functions implicated in cancer progression, and its exploitation therefore opens new promising directions in the fight against metastasis. In this review we summarize the role of the circadian rhythm in tumor development and progression, with emphasis on the circadian rhythm-regulated elements that control the generation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and metastasis. We then present data on chronotherapy and discuss how circadian rhythm investigations may open new paths to more effective anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Diamantopoulou
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Gvozdenovic
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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26
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Larriba Y, Mason IC, Saxena R, Scheer FAJL, Rueda C. CIRCUST: A novel methodology for temporal order reconstruction of molecular rhythms; validation and application towards a daily rhythm gene expression atlas in humans. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011510. [PMID: 37769026 PMCID: PMC10564179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian system drives near-24-h oscillations in behaviors and biological processes. The underlying core molecular clock regulates the expression of other genes, and it has been shown that the expression of more than 50 percent of genes in mammals displays 24-h rhythmic patterns, with the specific genes that cycle varying from one tissue to another. Determining rhythmic gene expression patterns in human tissues sampled as single timepoints has several challenges, including the reconstruction of temporal order of highly noisy data. Previous methodologies have attempted to address these challenges in one or a small number of tissues for which rhythmic gene evolutionary conservation is assumed to be preserved. Here we introduce CIRCUST, a novel CIRCular-robUST methodology for analyzing molecular rhythms, that relies on circular statistics, is robust against noise, and requires fewer assumptions than existing methodologies. Next, we validated the method against four controlled experiments in which sampling times were known, and finally, CIRCUST was applied to 34 tissues from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) dataset with the aim towards building a comprehensive daily rhythm gene expression atlas in humans. The validation and application shown here indicate that CIRCUST provides a flexible framework to formulate and solve the issues related to the analysis of molecular rhythms in human tissues. CIRCUST methodology is publicly available at https://github.com/yolandalago/CIRCUST/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Larriba
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Mathematics Research Institute of the University of Valladolid, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ivy C. Mason
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richa Saxena
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Frank A. J. L. Scheer
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Cristina Rueda
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Mathematics Research Institute of the University of Valladolid, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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27
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Zong W, Seney ML, Ketchesin KD, Gorczyca MT, Liu AC, Esser KA, Tseng GC, McClung CA, Huo Z. Experimental design and power calculation in omics circadian rhythmicity detection using the cosinor model. Stat Med 2023; 42:3236-3258. [PMID: 37265194 PMCID: PMC10425922 DOI: 10.1002/sim.9803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks are 24-h endogenous oscillators in physiological and behavioral processes. Though recent transcriptomic studies have been successful in revealing the circadian rhythmicity in gene expression, the power calculation for omics circadian analysis have not been fully explored. In this paper, we develop a statistical method, namely CircaPower, to perform power calculation for circadian pattern detection. Our theoretical framework is determined by three key factors in circadian gene detection: sample size, intrinsic effect size and sampling design. Via simulations, we systematically investigate the impact of these key factors on circadian power calculation. We not only demonstrate that CircaPower is fast and accurate, but also show its underlying cosinor model is robust against variety of violations of model assumptions. In real applications, we demonstrate the performance of CircaPower using mouse pan-tissue data and human post-mortem brain data, and illustrate how to perform circadian power calculation using mouse skeleton muscle RNA-Seq pilot as case study. Our method CircaPower has been implemented in an R package, which is made publicly available on GitHub ( https://github.com/circaPower/circaPower).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marianne L. Seney
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kyle D. Ketchesin
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael T. Gorczyca
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew C. Liu
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Karyn A. Esser
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - George C. Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Colleen A. McClung
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, FL, USA
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28
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Rankawat S, Kundal K, Chakraborty S, Kumar R, Ray S. A comprehensive rhythmicity analysis of host proteins and immune factors involved in malaria pathogenesis to decipher the importance of host circadian clock in malaria. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1210299. [PMID: 37638001 PMCID: PMC10449258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1210299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circadian rhythms broadly impact human health by regulating our daily physiological and metabolic processes. The circadian clocks substantially regulate our immune responses and susceptibility to infections. Malaria parasites have intrinsic molecular oscillations and coordinate their infection cycle with host rhythms. Considering the cyclical nature of malaria, a clear understanding of the circadian regulations in malaria pathogenesis and host responses is of immense importance. Methods We have thoroughly investigated the transcript level rhythmic patterns in blood proteins altered in falciparum and vivax malaria and malaria-related immune factors in mice, baboons, and humans by analyzing datasets from published literature and comprehensive databases. Using the Metascape and DAVID platforms, we analyzed Gene Ontology terms and physiological pathways associated with the rhythmic malaria-associated host immune factors. Results We observed that almost 50% of the malaria-associated host immune factors are rhythmic in mice and humans. Overlapping rhythmic genes identified in mice, baboons, and humans, exhibited enrichment (Q < 0.05, fold-enrichment > 5) of multiple physiological pathways essential for host immune and defense response, including cytokine production, leukocyte activation, cellular defense, and response, regulation of kinase activity, B-cell receptor signaling pathway, and cellular response to cytokine stimulus. Conclusions Our analysis indicates a robust circadian regulation on multiple interconnected host response pathways and immunological networks in malaria, evident from numerous rhythmic genes involved in those pathways. Host immune rhythms play a vital role in the temporal regulation of host-parasite interactions and defense machinery in malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandipan Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana, India
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29
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Ballester Roig MN, Roy PG, Hannou L, Delignat-Lavaud B, Sully Guerrier TA, Bélanger-Nelson E, Dufort-Gervais J, Mongrain V. Transcriptional regulation of the mouse EphA4, Ephrin-B2 and Ephrin-A3 genes by the circadian clock machinery. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:983-1003. [PMID: 37551686 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2237580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms originate from molecular feedback loops. In mammals, the transcription factors CLOCK and BMAL1 act on regulatory elements (i.e. E-boxes) to shape biological functions in a rhythmic manner. The EPHA4 receptor and its ligands Ephrins (EFN) are cell adhesion molecules regulating neurotransmission and neuronal morphology. Previous studies showed the presence of E-boxes in the genes of EphA4 and specific Ephrins, and that EphA4 knockout mice have an altered circadian rhythm of locomotor activity. We thus hypothesized that the core clock machinery regulates the gene expression of EphA4, EfnB2 and EfnA3. CLOCK and BMAL1 (or NPAS2 and BMAL2) were found to have transcriptional activity on distal and proximal regions of EphA4, EfnB2 and EfnA3 putative promoters. A constitutively active form of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β; a negative regulator of CLOCK and BMAL1) blocked the transcriptional induction. Mutating the E-boxes of EphA4 distal promoter sequence reduced transcriptional induction. EPHA4 and EFNB2 protein levels did not show circadian variations in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus or prefrontal cortex. The findings uncover that core circadian transcription factors can regulate the gene expression of elements of the Eph/Ephrin system, which might contribute to circadian rhythmicity in biological processes in the brain or peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Neus Ballester Roig
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Recherche CIUSSS-NIM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Gabriel Roy
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Recherche CIUSSS-NIM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Valérie Mongrain
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Recherche CIUSSS-NIM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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30
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Post Z, Manfready RA, Keshavarzian A. Overview of the Gut-Brain Axis: From Gut to Brain and Back Again. Semin Neurol 2023; 43:506-517. [PMID: 37562457 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis refers to a bidirectional communication pathway linking the gastrointestinal system to the central nervous system. The hardware of this multifaceted pathway takes many forms, at once structural (neurons, microglia, intestinal epithelial cell barrier), chemical (neurotransmitters, enteroendocrine hormones, bacterial metabolites), and cellular (immune signaling, inflammatory pathways). The gut-brain axis is exquisitely influenced by our environment, diet, and behaviors. Here, we will describe recent progress in understanding the gut-brain axis in neurological disease, using Parkinson's disease as a guide. We will see that each component of the gut-brain axis is heavily mediated by intestinal microbiota and learn how gut-brain communication can go awry in microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Post
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard A Manfready
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Departments of Physiology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Departments of Physiology and Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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31
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Borrmann H, Ulkar G, Kliszczak AE, Ismed D, Schilling M, Magri A, Harris JM, Balfe P, Vasudevan S, Borrow P, Zhuang X, McKeating JA. Molecular components of the circadian clock regulate HIV-1 replication. iScience 2023; 26:107007. [PMID: 37534138 PMCID: PMC10391662 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) causes major health burdens worldwide and still lacks curative therapies and vaccines. Circadian rhythms are endogenous daily oscillations that coordinate an organism's response to its environment and invading pathogens. Peripheral viral loads of HIV-1 infected patients show diurnal variation; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate a role for the cell-intrinsic clock to regulate rhythmic HIV-1 replication in circadian-synchronized systems. Silencing the circadian activator Bmal1 abolishes this phenotype, and we observe BMAL1 binding to the HIV-1 promoter. Importantly, we show differential binding of the nuclear receptors REV-ERB and ROR to the HIV-long terminal repeat at different circadian times, demonstrating a dynamic interplay in time-of-day regulation of HIV-1 transcription. Bioinformatic analysis shows circadian regulation of host factors that control HIV-1 replication, providing an additional mechanism for rhythmic viral replication. This study increases our understanding of the circadian regulation of HIV-1, which can ultimately inform new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Borrmann
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Görkem Ulkar
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna E. Kliszczak
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dini Ismed
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mirjam Schilling
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Magri
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James M. Harris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Balfe
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Persephone Borrow
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane A. McKeating
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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32
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Cheng F, Li W, Ji Z, Li J, Hu W, Zhao M, Yu D, Simayijiang H, Yan J. Estimation of bloodstain deposition time within a 24-h day-night cycle with rhythmic mRNA based on a machine learning algorithm. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2023; 66:102910. [PMID: 37406538 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Estimating the time that bloodstains are left at a crime scene can provide invaluable evidence for law enforcement investigations, including determining the time of the crime, linking the perpetrator to the crime scene, narrowing the pool of possible suspects, and verifying witness statements. There have been some attempts to estimate the time since deposition of bloodstains, i.e., how much time has passed since the bloodstain was left at a crime scene. However, most studies focus on the time interval of days. As far as we know, previous study have been conducted to estimate the deposition time of blood within a 24-h day-night cycle. To date, there is a lack of studies on whether rhythmic mRNA of blood is suitable for bloodstain samples. In this study, we estimated the bloodstain deposition time within a 24-h day-night cycle based on the expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bloodstain samples were prepared from eight individuals at eight time points under real and uncontrolled conditions. Four mRNAs expressed rhythmically and were used to construct a regression model using the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, resulting in a mean absolute error of 3.92 h. Overall, using the rhythmic mRNAs, a machine learning model was developed which has allowed us to predict the deposition time of bloodstains within the 24-h day-night cycle in East Asian populations. This study demonstrates that mRNA biomarkers can be used to estimate the bloodstain deposition time within a 24-h period. Furthermore, rhythmic mRNA biomarkers provide a potential method and perspective for estimating the deposition time of forensic traces in forensic investigation. Case samples in forensic analysis are usually limited or degraded, so the stability and sensitivity of rhythmic biomarkers need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wanting Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Zhimin Ji
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Junli Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Mengyang Zhao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Daijing Yu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Halimureti Simayijiang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China.
| | - Jiangwei Yan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi, PR China.
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Weger M, Weger BD, Gachon F. Understanding circadian dynamics: current progress and future directions for chronobiology in drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023. [PMID: 37300813 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2224554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most mammalian physiology is orchestrated by the circadian clock, including drug transport and metabolism. As a result, efficacy and toxicity of many drugs are influenced by the timing of their administration, which has led to the establishment of the field of chronopharmacology. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors provide an overview of the current knowledge about the time-of-day dependent aspects of drug metabolism and the importance of chronopharmacological strategies for drug development. They also discuss the factors influencing rhythmic drug pharmacokinetic including sex, metabolic diseases, feeding rhythms, and microbiota, that are often overlooked in the context of chronopharmacology. This article summarizes the involved molecular mechanisms and functions and explains why these parameters should be considered in the process of drug discovery. EXPERT OPINION Although chronomodulated treatments have shown promising results, particularly for cancer, the practice is still underdeveloped due to the associated high cost and time investments. However, implementing this strategy at the preclinical stage could offer a new opportunity to translate preclinical discoveries into successful clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Weger
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Benjamin D Weger
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Frédéric Gachon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
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Hashikawa KI, Tsuruta A, Yamakawa W, Yasukochi S, Koyanagi S, Ohdo S. Senescence-induced alteration of circadian phagocytic activity of retinal pigment epithelium cell line ARPE-19. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 658:88-96. [PMID: 37027909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Renewal of retinal photoreceptor outer segments is conducted through daily shedding of distal photoreceptor outer segment tips and subsequent their phagocytosis by the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) monolayer. Dysregulation of the diurnal clearance of photoreceptor outer segment tips has been implicated in age-related retinal degeneration, but it remains to be clarified how the circadian phagocytic activity of RPE cells is modulated by senescence. In this study, we used the human RPE cell line ARPE-19 to investigate whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced senescence in ARPE-19 cells alters the circadian rhythm of their phagocytic activity. After synchronization of the cellular circadian clock by dexamethasone treatment, the phagocytic activity of normal ARPE-19 cells exhibited significant 24-h oscillation, but this oscillation was modulated by senescence. The phagocytic activity of senescent ARPE-19 cells increased constantly throughout the 24-h period, which still exhibited blunted circadian oscillation, accompanied by an alteration in the rhythmic expression of circadian clock genes and clock-controlled phagocytosis-related genes. The expression levels of REV-ERBα, a molecular component of the circadian clock, were constitutively increased in senescent ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of REV-ERBα by its agonist SR9009 enhanced the phagocytic activity of normal ARPE-19 cells and increased the expression of clock-controlled phagocytosis-related genes. Our present findings extend to understand the role of circadian clock in the alteration of phagocytic activity in RPE during aging. Constitutive enhancement of phagocytic activity of senescent RPE may contribute to age-related retinal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Hashikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akito Tsuruta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Glocal Healthcare Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Wakaba Yamakawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sai Yasukochi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoru Koyanagi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Glocal Healthcare Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Shigehiro Ohdo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Hammarlund JA, Li SY, Wu G, Lian JW, Howell SJ, Clarke R, Adamson A, Gonçalves CF, Hogenesch JB, Meng QJ, Anafi RC. Subtype-specific circadian clock dysregulation modulates breast cancer biology, invasiveness, and prognosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.17.540386. [PMID: 37293090 PMCID: PMC10245642 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.17.540386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies in shift workers and model organisms link circadian disruption to breast cancer. However, molecular rhythms in non-cancerous and cancerous human breast tissues are largely unknown. We reconstructed rhythms informatically, integrating locally collected, time-stamped biopsies with public datasets. For non-cancerous tissue, the inferred order of core-circadian genes matches established physiology. Inflammatory, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and estrogen responsiveness pathways show circadian modulation. Among tumors, clock correlation analysis demonstrates subtype-specific changes in circadian organization. Luminal A organoids and informatic ordering of Luminal A samples exhibit continued, albeit disrupted rhythms. However, CYCLOPS magnitude, a measure of global rhythm strength, varied widely among Luminal A samples. Cycling of EMT pathway genes was markedly increased in high-magnitude Luminal A tumors. Patients with high-magnitude tumors had reduced 5-year survival. Correspondingly, 3D Luminal A cultures show reduced invasion following molecular clock disruption. This study links subtype-specific circadian disruption in breast cancer to EMT, metastatic potential, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Hammarlund
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems. Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shi-Yang Li
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gang Wu
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Immunobiology, Center for Circadian Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jia-wen Lian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems. Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sacha J Howell
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rob Clarke
- Breast Biology Group, Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Antony Adamson
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems. Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cátia F. Gonçalves
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems. Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John B Hogenesch
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Immunobiology, Center for Circadian Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ron C Anafi
- Department of Medicine, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Baum L, Johns M, Poikela M, Möller R, Ananthasubramaniam B, Prasser F. Data integration and analysis for circadian medicine. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 237:e13951. [PMID: 36790321 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Data integration, data sharing, and standardized analyses are important enablers for data-driven medical research. Circadian medicine is an emerging field with a particularly high need for coordinated and systematic collaboration between researchers from different disciplines. Datasets in circadian medicine are multimodal, ranging from molecular circadian profiles and clinical parameters to physiological measurements and data obtained from (wearable) sensors or reported by patients. Uniquely, data spanning both the time dimension and the spatial dimension (across tissues) are needed to obtain a holistic view of the circadian system. The study of human rhythms in the context of circadian medicine has to confront the heterogeneity of clock properties within and across subjects and our inability to repeatedly obtain relevant biosamples from one subject. This requires informatics solutions for integrating and visualizing relevant data types at various temporal resolutions ranging from milliseconds and seconds to minutes and several hours. Associated challenges range from a lack of standards that can be used to represent all required data in a common interoperable form, to challenges related to data storage, to the need to perform transformations for integrated visualizations, and to privacy issues. The downstream analysis of circadian rhythms requires specialized approaches for the identification, characterization, and discrimination of rhythms. We conclude that circadian medicine research provides an ideal environment for developing innovative methods to address challenges related to the collection, integration, visualization, and analysis of multimodal multidimensional biomedical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Baum
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marco Johns
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maija Poikela
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Möller
- Institute of Information Systems, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Prasser
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Salazar A, von Hagen J. Circadian Oscillations in Skin and Their Interconnection with the Cycle of Life. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065635. [PMID: 36982706 PMCID: PMC10051430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodically oscillating biological processes, such as circadian rhythms, are carefully concerted events that are only beginning to be understood in the context of tissue pathology and organismal health, as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions. Recent reports indicate that light can independently entrain peripheral circadian clocks, challenging the currently prevalent hierarchical model. Despite the recent progress that has been made, a comprehensive overview of these periodic processes in skin is lacking in the literature. In this review, molecular circadian clock machinery and the factors that govern it have been highlighted. Circadian rhythm is closely linked to immunological processes and skin homeostasis, and its desynchrony can be linked to the perturbation of the skin. The interplay between circadian rhythm and annual, seasonal oscillations, as well as the impact of these periodic events on the skin, is described. Finally, the changes that occur in the skin over a lifespan are presented. This work encourages further research into the oscillating biological processes occurring in the skin and lays the foundation for future strategies to combat the adverse effects of desynchrony, which would likely have implications in other tissues influenced by periodic oscillatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Salazar
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Jörg von Hagen
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Life Science Engineering, University Applied Sciences, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390 Gießen, Germany
- ryon—GreenTech Accelerator Gernsheim GmbH, Mainzer Str. 41, 64579 Gernsheim, Germany
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38
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Jochum SB, Engen PA, Shaikh M, Naqib A, Wilber S, Raeisi S, Zhang L, Song S, Sanzo G, Chouhan V, Ko F, Post Z, Tran L, Ramirez V, Green SJ, Khazaie K, Hayden DM, Brown MJ, Voigt RM, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A, Swanson GR. Colonic Epithelial Circadian Disruption Worsens Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:444-457. [PMID: 36287037 PMCID: PMC9977234 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of central circadian rhythms likely mediated by changes in microbiota and a decrease in gut-derived metabolites like short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) negatively impacts colonic barrier homeostasis. We aimed to explore the effects of isolated peripheral colonic circadian disruption on the colonic barrier in a mouse model of colitis and explore the mechanisms, including intestinal microbiota community structure and function. METHODS Colon epithelial cell circadian rhythms were conditionally genetically disrupted in mice: TS4Cre-BMAL1lox (cBMAL1KO) with TS4Cre as control animals. Colitis was induced through 5 days of 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Disease activity index and intestinal barrier were assessed, as were fecal microbiota and metabolites. RESULTS Colitis symptoms were worse in mice with peripheral circadian disruption (cBMAL1KO). Specifically, the disease activity index and intestinal permeability were significantly higher in circadian-disrupted mice compared with control animals (TS4Cre) (P < .05). The worsening of colitis appears to be mediated, in part, through JAK (Janus kinase)-mediated STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), which was significantly elevated in circadian-disrupted (cBMAL1KO) mice treated with DSS (P < .05). Circadian-disrupted (cBMAL1KO) mice also had decreased SCFA metabolite concentrations and decreased relative abundances of SCFA-producing bacteria in their stool when compared with control animals (TS4Cre). CONCLUSIONS Disruption of intestinal circadian rhythms in colonic epithelial cells promoted more severe colitis, increased inflammatory mediators (STAT3 [signal transducer and activator of transcription 3]), and decreased gut microbiota-derived SCFAs compared with DSS alone. Further investigation elucidating the molecular mechanisms behind these findings could provide novel circadian directed targets and strategies in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Jochum
- Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Phillip A Engen
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maliha Shaikh
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ankur Naqib
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sherry Wilber
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shohreh Raeisi
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shiwen Song
- Department of Pathology, GoPath Global Pathology Service, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA
| | - Gabriella Sanzo
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vijit Chouhan
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frank Ko
- Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zoe Post
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura Tran
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vivian Ramirez
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefan J Green
- Genomics and Microbiome Core Facility, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Dana M Hayden
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark J Brown
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robin M Voigt
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher B Forsyth
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Garth R Swanson
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Yeung CYC, Svensson RB, Yurchenko K, Malmgaard-Clausen NM, Tryggedsson I, Lendal M, Jokipii-Utzon A, Olesen JL, Lu Y, Kadler KE, Schjerling P, Kjaer M. Disruption of day-to-night changes in circadian gene expression with chronic tendinopathy. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 36810732 DOI: 10.1113/jp284083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Overuse injury in tendon tissue (tendinopathy) is a frequent and costly musculoskeletal disorder and represents a major clinical problem with unsolved pathogenesis. Studies in mice have demonstrated that circadian clock-controlled genes are vital for protein homeostasis and important in the development of tendinopathy. We performed RNA sequencing, collagen content and ultrastructural analyses on human tendon biopsies obtained 12 h apart in healthy individuals to establish whether human tendon is a peripheral clock tissue and we performed RNA sequencing on patients with chronic tendinopathy to examine the expression of circadian clock genes in tendinopathic tissues. We found time-dependent expression of 280 RNAs including 11 conserved circadian clock genes in healthy tendons and markedly fewer (23) differential RNAs with chronic tendinopathy. Further, the expression of COL1A1 and COL1A2 was reduced at night but was not circadian rhythmic in synchronised human tenocyte cultures. In conclusion, day-to-night changes in gene expression in healthy human patellar tendons indicate a conserved circadian clock as well as the existence of a night reduction in collagen I expression. KEY POINTS: Tendinopathy is a major clinical problem with unsolved pathogenesis. Previous work in mice has shown that a robust circadian rhythm is required for collagen homeostasis in tendons. The use of circadian medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of tendinopathy has been stifled by the lack of studies on human tissue. Here, we establish that the expression of circadian clock genes in human tendons is time dependent, and now we have data to corroborate that circadian output is reduced in diseased tendon tissues. We consider our findings to be of significance in advancing the use of the tendon circadian clock as a therapeutic target or preclinical biomarker for tendinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yan Chloé Yeung
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René B Svensson
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kateryna Yurchenko
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj M Malmgaard-Clausen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Tryggedsson
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marius Lendal
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Jokipii-Utzon
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens L Olesen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yinhui Lu
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Karl E Kadler
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Schjerling
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Kjaer
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Lee YY, Endale M, Wu G, Ruben MD, Francey LJ, Morris AR, Choo NY, Anafi RC, Smith DF, Liu AC, Hogenesch JB. Integration of genome-scale data identifies candidate sleep regulators. Sleep 2023; 46:zsac279. [PMID: 36462188 PMCID: PMC9905783 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Genetics impacts sleep, yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying sleep regulation remain elusive. In this study, we built machine learning models to predict sleep genes based on their similarity to genes that are known to regulate sleep. METHODS We trained a prediction model on thousands of published datasets, representing circadian, immune, sleep deprivation, and many other processes, using a manually curated list of 109 sleep genes. RESULTS Our predictions fit with prior knowledge of sleep regulation and identified key genes and pathways to pursue in follow-up studies. As an example, we focused on the NF-κB pathway and showed that chronic activation of NF-κB in a genetic mouse model impacted the sleep-wake patterns. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the power of machine learning in integrating prior knowledge and genome-wide data to study genetic regulation of complex behaviors such as sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yeng Lee
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Mehari Endale
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Marc D Ruben
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Lauren J Francey
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Andrew R Morris
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Natalie Y Choo
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ron C Anafi
- Department of Medicine, Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David F Smith
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and the Sleep Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - John B Hogenesch
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Center for Circadian Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Wucher V, Sodaei R, Amador R, Irimia M, Guigó R. Day-night and seasonal variation of human gene expression across tissues. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3001986. [PMID: 36745672 PMCID: PMC9934459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian and circannual cycles trigger physiological changes whose reflection on human transcriptomes remains largely uncharted. We used the time and season of death of 932 individuals from GTEx to jointly investigate transcriptomic changes associated with those cycles across multiple tissues. Overall, most variation across tissues during day-night and among seasons was unique to each cycle. Although all tissues remodeled their transcriptomes, brain and gonadal tissues exhibited the highest seasonality, whereas those in the thoracic cavity showed stronger day-night regulation. Core clock genes displayed marked day-night differences across multiple tissues, which were largely conserved in baboon and mouse, but adapted to their nocturnal or diurnal habits. Seasonal variation of expression affected multiple pathways, and it was enriched among genes associated with the immune response, consistent with the seasonality of viral infections. Furthermore, they unveiled cytoarchitectural changes in brain regions. Altogether, our results provide the first combined atlas of how transcriptomes from human tissues adapt to major cycling environmental conditions. This atlas may have multiple applications; for example, drug targets with day-night or seasonal variation in gene expression may benefit from temporally adjusted doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Wucher
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- MeLiS, SynatAc Team, UCBL1—CNRS UMR5284—Inserm U1314, Lyon, France
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Reza Sodaei
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raziel Amador
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Irimia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (MI); (RG)
| | - Roderic Guigó
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (MI); (RG)
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Obodo D, Outland EH, Hughey JJ. LimoRhyde2: genomic analysis of biological rhythms based on effect sizes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.02.526897. [PMID: 36778295 PMCID: PMC9915588 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.02.526897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genome-scale data have revealed daily rhythms in various species and tissues. However, current methods to assess rhythmicity largely restrict their focus to quantifying statistical significance, which may not reflect biological relevance. To address this limitation, we developed a method called LimoRhyde2 (the successor to our method LimoRhyde), which focuses instead on rhythm-related effect sizes and their uncertainty. For each genomic feature, LimoRhyde2 fits a curve using a series of linear models based on periodic splines, moderates the fits using an Empirical Bayes approach called multivariate adaptive shrinkage (Mash), then uses the moderated fits to calculate rhythm statistics such as peak-to-trough amplitude. The periodic splines capture non-sinusoidal rhythmicity, while Mash uses patterns in the data to account for different fits having different levels of noise. To demonstrate LimoRhyde2's utility, we applied it to multiple circadian transcriptome datasets. Overall, LimoRhyde2 prioritized genes having high-amplitude rhythms in expression, whereas a prior method (BooteJTK) prioritized "statistically significant" genes whose amplitudes could be relatively small. Thus, quantifying effect sizes using approaches such as LimoRhyde2 has the potential to transform interpretation of genomic data related to biological rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Obodo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elliot H. Outland
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jacob J. Hughey
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Talamanca L, Gobet C, Naef F. Sex-dimorphic and age-dependent organization of 24-hour gene expression rhythms in humans. Science 2023; 379:478-483. [PMID: 36730411 DOI: 10.1126/science.add0846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock modulates human physiology. However, the organization of tissue-specific gene expression rhythms and how these depend on age and sex is not defined in humans. We combined data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project with an algorithm that assigns circadian phases to 914 donors, by integrating temporal information from multiple tissues in each individual, to identify messenger RNA (mRNA) rhythms in 46 tissues. Clock transcripts showed conserved timing relationships and tight synchrony across the body. mRNA rhythms varied in breadth, covering global and tissue-specific functions, including metabolic pathways and systemic responses. The clock structure was conserved across sexes and age groups. However, overall gene expression rhythms were highly sex-dimorphic and more sustained in females. Rhythmic programs generally dampened with age across the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Talamanca
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Gobet
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Felix Naef
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Chaput JP, McHill AW, Cox RC, Broussard JL, Dutil C, da Costa BGG, Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Wright KP. The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:82-97. [PMID: 36280789 PMCID: PMC9590398 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Traditional risk factors for obesity and the metabolic syndrome, such as excess energy intake and lack of physical activity, cannot fully explain the high prevalence of these conditions. Insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment predispose individuals to poor metabolic health and promote weight gain and have received increased research attention in the past 10 years. Insufficient sleep is defined as sleeping less than recommended for health benefits, whereas circadian misalignment is defined as wakefulness and food intake occurring when the internal circadian system is promoting sleep. This Review discusses the impact of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in humans on appetite hormones (focusing on ghrelin, leptin and peptide-YY), energy expenditure, food intake and choice, and risk of obesity. Some potential strategies to reduce the adverse effects of sleep disruption on metabolic health are provided and future research priorities are highlighted. Millions of individuals worldwide do not obtain sufficient sleep for healthy metabolic functions. Furthermore, modern working patterns, lifestyles and technologies are often not conducive to adequate sleep at times when the internal physiological clock is promoting it (for example, late-night screen time, shift work and nocturnal social activities). Efforts are needed to highlight the importance of optimal sleep and circadian health in the maintenance of metabolic health and body weight regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Andrew W McHill
- Sleep, Chronobiology, and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rebecca C Cox
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Josiane L Broussard
- Sleep and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Caroline Dutil
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bruno G G da Costa
- Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth P Wright
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Obodo D, Outland EH, Hughey JJ. Sex Inclusion in Transcriptome Studies of Daily Rhythms. J Biol Rhythms 2023; 38:3-14. [PMID: 36419398 PMCID: PMC9903005 DOI: 10.1177/07487304221134160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical research on mammals has traditionally neglected females, raising the concern that some scientific findings may generalize poorly to half the population. Although this lack of sex inclusion has been broadly documented, its extent within circadian genomics remains undescribed. To address this gap, we examined sex inclusion practices in a comprehensive collection of publicly available transcriptome studies on daily rhythms. Among 148 studies having samples from mammals in vivo, we found strong underrepresentation of females across organisms and tissues. Overall, only 23 of 123 studies in mice, 0 of 10 studies in rats, and 9 of 15 studies in humans included samples from females. In addition, studies having samples from both sexes tended to have more samples from males than from females. These trends appear to have changed little over time, including since 2016, when the US National Institutes of Health began requiring investigators to consider sex as a biological variable. Our findings highlight an opportunity to dramatically improve representation of females in circadian research and to explore sex differences in daily rhythms at the genome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Obodo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Elliot H. Outland
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jacob J. Hughey
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee,Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee,Jacob J. Hughey, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Ave., Suite 1475, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; e-mail:
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Time Matters: Importance of Circadian Rhythms, Disruption, and Chronotherapy in Urologic Malignancies. Urology 2023:S0090-4295(23)00052-3. [PMID: 36693529 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The human body was evolutionarily programmed to run on cycles, termed circadian rhythms, which integrate human behavior and bodily function with the environment. Disruptions to these rhythms via desynchronization have been deemed a probable carcinogen by the WHO. Subsequent research has identified alterations in multiple core clock genes when comparing tumor and benign tissues. This review will discuss core clock genes associated with urogenital malignancies and highlight impactful research regarding circadian biology use in treatment. Chronotherapy, treatment alignment with an individual's biological rhythm, remains a relatively untouched field within urology that should be explored to possibly enhance therapeutic outcomes.
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Ratiner K, Fachler-Sharp T, Elinav E. Small Intestinal Microbiota Oscillations, Host Effects and Regulation-A Zoom into Three Key Effector Molecules. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010142. [PMID: 36671834 PMCID: PMC9855434 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota features a unique diurnal rhythmicity which contributes to modulation of host physiology and homeostasis. The composition and activity of the microbiota and its secreted molecules influence the intestinal milieu and neighboring organs, such as the liver. Multiple immune-related molecules have been linked to the diurnal microbiota-host interaction, including Reg3γ, IgA, and MHCII, which are secreted or expressed on the gut surface and directly interact with intestinal bacteria. These molecules are also strongly influenced by dietary patterns, such as high-fat diet and time-restricted feeding, which are already known to modulate microbial rhythms and peripheral clocks. Herein, we use Reg3γ, IgA, and MHCII as test cases to highlight the divergent effects mediated by the diurnal activity of the gut microbiota and their downstream host effects. We further highlight current challenges and conflicts, remaining questions, and perspectives toward a holistic understanding of the microbiome's impacts on circadian human behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ratiner
- Systems Immunology Department, Weisman Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tahel Fachler-Sharp
- Systems Immunology Department, Weisman Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 9987500, Israel
| | - Eran Elinav
- Systems Immunology Department, Weisman Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Microbiota & Cancer Division, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: or
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48
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Abstract
Our physiology and behavior follow precise daily programs that adapt us to the alternating opportunities and challenges of day and night. Under experimental isolation, these rhythms persist with a period of approximately one day (circadian), demonstrating their control by an internal autonomous clock. Circadian time is created at the cellular level by a transcriptional/translational feedback loop (TTFL) in which the protein products of the Period and Cryptochrome genes inhibit their own transcription. Because the accumulation of protein is slow and delayed, the system oscillates spontaneously with a period of ∼24 hours. This cell-autonomous TTFL controls cycles of gene expression in all major tissues and these cycles underpin our daily metabolic programs. In turn, our innumerable cellular clocks are coordinated by a central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. When isolated in slice culture, the SCN TTFL and its dependent cycles of neural activity persist indefinitely, operating as "a clock in a dish". In vivo, SCN time is synchronized to solar time by direct innervation from specialized retinal photoreceptors. In turn, the precise circadian cycle of action potential firing signals SCN-generated time to hypothalamic and brain stem targets, which co-ordinate downstream autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral (feeding) cues to synchronize and sustain the distributed cellular clock network. Circadian time therefore pervades every level of biological organization, from molecules to society. Understanding its mechanisms offers important opportunities to mitigate the consequences of circadian disruption, so prevalent in modern societies, that arise from shiftwork, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases, not least Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. Patton
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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Joshi K, Das M, Sarma A, Arora MK, SInghal M, Kumar B. Insight on Cardiac Chronobiology and Latest Developments of Chronotherapeutic Antihypertensive Interventions for Better Clinical Outcomes. Curr Hypertens Rev 2023; 19:106-122. [PMID: 36624649 DOI: 10.2174/1573402119666230109142156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac circadian rhythms are an important regulator of body functions, including cardiac activities and blood pressure. Disturbance of circadian rhythm is known to trigger and aggravate various cardiovascular diseases. Thus, modulating the circadian rhythm can be used as a therapeutic approach to cardiovascular diseases. Through this work, we intend to discuss the current understanding of cardiac circadian rhythms, in terms of quantifiable parameters like BP and HR. We also elaborate on the molecular regulators and the molecular cascades along with their specific genetic aspects involved in modulating circadian rhythms, with specific reference to cardiovascular health and cardiovascular diseases. Along with this, we also presented the latest pharmacogenomic and metabolomics markers involved in chronobiological control of the cardiovascular system along with their possible utility in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and therapeutics. Finally, we reviewed the current expert opinions on chronotherapeutic approaches for utilizing the conventional as well as the new pharmacological molecules for antihypertensive chronotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Joshi
- Department of Pharmacy, Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - Madhubanti Das
- Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Anupam Sarma
- Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, GIPS, Girijananda Chowdhury University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Mandeep K Arora
- School of Pharmacy and population health informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, India
| | - Manmohan SInghal
- School of Pharmacy and population health informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, India
| | - Bhavna Kumar
- School of Pharmacy and population health informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, India
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50
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Dose B, Yalçin M, Dries SPM, Relógio A. TimeTeller for timing health: The potential of circadian medicine to improve performance, prevent disease and optimize treatment. Front Digit Health 2023; 5:1157654. [PMID: 37153516 PMCID: PMC10155816 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1157654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian medicine, the study of the effects of time on health and disease has seen an uprising in recent years as a means to enhance health and performance, and optimize treatment timing. Our endogenous time generating system -the circadian clock- regulates behavioural, physiological and cellular processes. Disruptions of the clock, via external factors like shift work or jet lag, or internal perturbations such as genetic alterations, are linked to an increased risk of various diseases like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. By aligning an individual's circadian clock with optimal times for performing daily routines, physical and mental performance, and also the effectiveness of certain therapies can be improved. Despite the benefits of circadian medicine, the lack of non-invasive tools for characterizing the clock limits the potential of the field. TimeTeller is a non-invasive molecular/digital tool for the characterization of circadian rhythms and prediction of daily routines, including treatment timing, to unlock the potential of circadian medicine and implementing it in various settings. Given the multiple known and potentially yet unknown dependent health factors of individual circadian rhythms, the utility of this emerging biomarker is best exploited in data driven, personalized medicine use cases, using health information across lifestyle, care, and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Müge Yalçin
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Angela Relógio
- Institute for Theoretical Biology (ITB), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumour Immunology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Systems Medicine and Faculty of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: Angela Relógio
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