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Okamura T, Tsukamoto K, Arai H, Fujioka Y, Ishigaki Y, Koba S, Ohmura H, Shoji T, Yokote K, Yoshida H, Yoshida M, Deguchi J, Dobashi K, Fujiyoshi A, Hamaguchi H, Hara M, Harada-Shiba M, Hirata T, Iida M, Ikeda Y, Ishibashi S, Kanda H, Kihara S, Kitagawa K, Kodama S, Koseki M, Maezawa Y, Masuda D, Miida T, Miyamoto Y, Nishimura R, Node K, Noguchi M, Ohishi M, Saito I, Sawada S, Sone H, Takemoto M, Wakatsuki A, Yanai H. Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:641-853. [PMID: 38123343 DOI: 10.5551/jat.gl2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Okamura
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hirotoshi Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate school of Medicine
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | | | - Juno Deguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Kazushige Dobashi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Cardiovascular Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
| | - Takumi Hirata
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University
| | - Mami Iida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center
| | - Yoshiyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine
- Current affiliation: Ishibashi Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
| | - Shinji Kihara
- Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University graduate School of medicine
| | - Kazuo Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital
| | - Satoru Kodama
- Department of Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promotion of Health Checkup, Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Daisaku Masuda
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Innovative Medicine and Therapeutics, Dementia Care Center, Doctor's Support Center, Health Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center
| | - Takashi Miida
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Rimei Nishimura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
| | - Midori Noguchi
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Mitsuru Ohishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University
| | - Shojiro Sawada
- Division of Metabolism and Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital
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Hasani M, Ghasemi H, Khodabakhshi A. Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet (DRRD) and Breast Cancer Risk: A Review. Nutr Cancer 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38795042 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2355686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the significant involvement of insulin resistance in various forms of cancer, it is postulated that the implementation of a diabetic diet, which effectively mitigates insulin resistance, may potentially decrease the susceptibility to breast cancer among female individuals. METHODS In this literature review, a comprehensive electronic search of different databases was done using the keywords "Breast cancer" OR "breast tumor" OR "Breast Neoplasms" AND "diet" OR "diabetic diet" OR "Low Carbohydrate Diet" OR "Carbohydrate restricted diet" OR "High-Protein Low-Carbohydrate Diet" OR "diabetes risk reduction diet" OR "DRRD" as the main keywords. RESULTS Research has shown that the DRRD score is inversely correlated with breast cancer risk. In fact, for every three-point increase in the DRRD score, the risk of breast cancer decreases by 7%. Studies have shown that higher DRRD scores in breast cancer patients are associated with a reduced risk of cancer and a higher chance of survival. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate a positive correlation between a higher level of adherence to the diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) and improved survival rates. This suggests that breast cancer survivors may benefit from making dietary modifications in line with a diabetic diet following their diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahareh Hasani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Ghasemi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Adeleh Khodabakhshi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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3
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Tessier AJ, Cortese M, Yuan C, Bjornevik K, Ascherio A, Wang DD, Chavarro JE, Stampfer MJ, Hu FB, Willett WC, Guasch-Ferré M. Consumption of Olive Oil and Diet Quality and Risk of Dementia-Related Death. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2410021. [PMID: 38709531 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Age-standardized dementia mortality rates are on the rise. Whether long-term consumption of olive oil and diet quality are associated with dementia-related death is unknown. Objective To examine the association of olive oil intake with the subsequent risk of dementia-related death and assess the joint association with diet quality and substitution for other fats. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study examined data from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1990-2018) and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS; 1990-2018). The population included women from the NHS and men from the HPFS who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline. Data were analyzed from May 2022 to July 2023. Exposures Olive oil intake was assessed every 4 years using a food frequency questionnaire and categorized as (1) never or less than once per month, (2) greater than 0 to less than or equal to 4.5 g/d, (3) greater than 4.5 g/d to less than or equal to 7 g/d, and (4) greater than 7 g/d. Diet quality was based on the Alternative Healthy Eating Index and Mediterranean Diet score. Main Outcome and Measure Dementia death was ascertained from death records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs adjusted for confounders including genetic, sociodemographic, and lifestyle factors. Results Of 92 383 participants, 60 582 (65.6%) were women and the mean (SD) age was 56.4 (8.0) years. During 28 years of follow-up (2 183 095 person-years), 4751 dementia-related deaths occurred. Individuals who were homozygous for the apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE ε4) allele were 5 to 9 times more likely to die with dementia. Consuming at least 7 g/d of olive oil was associated with a 28% lower risk of dementia-related death (adjusted pooled HR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.64-0.81]) compared with never or rarely consuming olive oil (P for trend < .001); results were consistent after further adjustment for APOE ε4. No interaction by diet quality scores was found. In modeled substitution analyses, replacing 5 g/d of margarine and mayonnaise with the equivalent amount of olive oil was associated with an 8% (95% CI, 4%-12%) to 14% (95% CI, 7%-20%) lower risk of dementia mortality. Substitutions for other vegetable oils or butter were not significant. Conclusions and Relevance In US adults, higher olive oil intake was associated with a lower risk of dementia-related mortality, irrespective of diet quality. Beyond heart health, the findings extend the current dietary recommendations of choosing olive oil and other vegetable oils for cognitive-related health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Julie Tessier
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marianna Cortese
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- School of Public Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kjetil Bjornevik
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alberto Ascherio
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel D Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferré
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Public Health and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Shen FC, Chu CH, Chen JF, Kuo CS, Hsu CY, Lin CH, Sheen YJ, Su SC, Tien KJ, Lu CH, Lee CC, Yang YS, Tu ST, Chen PT, Chen CC, Chien MN, Li HY, Sheu WHH, Huang CN, Wang CY, Ou HY. Optimizing lipid control in Taiwanese diabetic patients: A collaborative consensus by the Diabetes Association of the Republic of China (Taiwan) and the Taiwanese Association of Diabetes Educators. J Diabetes Investig 2024. [PMID: 38676417 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We present an in-depth analysis of dyslipidemia management strategies for patients with diabetes mellitus in Taiwan. It critically examines the disparity between established guideline recommendations and actual clinical practices, particularly in the context of evolving policies affecting statin prescriptions. The focus is on synthesizing the most recent findings concerning lipid management in patients with diabetes mellitus, with a special emphasis on establishing consensus regarding low-density lipoprotein cholesterol treatment targets. The article culminates in providing comprehensive, evidence-based recommendations tailored to the unique needs of those living with diabetes mellitus in Taiwan. It underscores the criticality of personalized care approaches, which incorporate multifaceted factors, and the integration of novel therapeutic options to enhance cardiovascular health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Chih Shen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsun Chu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Fu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sung Kuo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Han Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jing Sheen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chiang Su
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chieh-Hua Lu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chuan Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sun Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Te Tu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tsang Chen
- Yong De-Kang Internal Medicine Clinic, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Nan Chien
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yuan Li
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yih Ou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Fujiyoshi A, Kohsaka S, Hata J, Hara M, Kai H, Masuda D, Miyamatsu N, Nishio Y, Ogura M, Sata M, Sekiguchi K, Takeya Y, Tamura K, Wakatsuki A, Yoshida H, Fujioka Y, Fukazawa R, Hamada O, Higashiyama A, Kabayama M, Kanaoka K, Kawaguchi K, Kosaka S, Kunimura A, Miyazaki A, Nii M, Sawano M, Terauchi M, Yagi S, Akasaka T, Minamino T, Miura K, Node K. JCS 2023 Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease. Circ J 2024; 88:763-842. [PMID: 38479862 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-23-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shun Kohsaka
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Mitsuhiko Hara
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Wayo Women's University
| | - Hisashi Kai
- Department of Cardiology, Kurume Univeristy Medical Center
| | | | - Naomi Miyamatsu
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Yoshihiko Nishio
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Masatsune Ogura
- Department of General Medical Science, Chiba University School of Medicine
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | - Yasushi Takeya
- Division of Helath Science, Osaka University Gradiate School of Medicine
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University
| | | | - Osamu Hamada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Takatsuki General Hospital
| | | | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Koshiro Kanaoka
- Department of Medical and Health Information Management, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kenjiro Kawaguchi
- Division of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University
| | | | | | | | - Masaki Nii
- Department of Cardiology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital
| | - Mitsuaki Sawano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
- Yale New Haven Hospital Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation
| | | | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nishinomiya Watanabe Cardiovascular Cerebral Center
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Meidicine
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University
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Habibzadeh A, Rahimlou M, Ravankhah M, Vahid F, Tabrizi R. Association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and the risk of stroke: a nested case-control study. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:56. [PMID: 38622676 PMCID: PMC11017524 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00867-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress after ischemic stroke contribute to neuronal cell injury. Unhealthy and unbalanced dietary patterns can increase the risk of several diseases, including stroke and cardiometabolic ones. However, the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of antioxidant and stroke is controversial. Our study aimed to establish a correlation between DTAC and its impact on the occurrence of stroke. METHODS This nested case-control study included 79 stroke cases and 158 healthy controls. We used data from the Fasa Adults Cohort Study (FACS) comprising 10,035 individuals at baseline. To assess the nutritional status of each individual, a 125-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) has been used to evaluate their dietary habits and intakes over the past year. DTAC was calculated using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) international databases. The stroke was confirmed by an experienced neurologist using standard imaging methods. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between DTAC and stroke. RESULTS The assessment of DTAC revealed that there was no statistically significant distinction between cases (mean ± SD: 5.31 ± 2.65) and controls (5.16 ± 2.80) with a p-value of 0.95. Even after adjusting for the potentially important confounding factors such as age, sex, event time, energy intake, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes, the association remains non-significant (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.20, p-value = 0.33). CONCLUSIONS Our results did not confirm a significant link between DTAC and stroke risk. These findings emphasize the intricate interplay of factors influencing stroke risk and highlight the need for further research to unravel these relationships more comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrina Habibzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- USERN Office, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Ravankhah
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Vahid
- Nutrition & Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Valiasr Hospital, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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Meng Z, Wang J, Lin L, Wu C. Sensitivity analysis with iterative outlier detection for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Stat Med 2024; 43:1549-1563. [PMID: 38318993 PMCID: PMC10947935 DOI: 10.1002/sim.10008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Meta-analysis is a widely used tool for synthesizing results from multiple studies. The collected studies are deemed heterogeneous when they do not share a common underlying effect size; thus, the factors attributable to the heterogeneity need to be carefully considered. A critical problem in meta-analyses and systematic reviews is that outlying studies are frequently included, which can lead to invalid conclusions and affect the robustness of decision-making. Outliers may be caused by several factors such as study selection criteria, low study quality, small-study effects, and so on. Although outlier detection is well-studied in the statistical community, limited attention has been paid to meta-analysis. The conventional outlier detection method in meta-analysis is based on a leave-one-study-out procedure. However, when calculating a potentially outlying study's deviation, other outliers could substantially impact its result. This article proposes an iterative method to detect potential outliers, which reduces such an impact that could confound the detection. Furthermore, we adopt bagging to provide valid inference for sensitivity analyses of excluding outliers. Based on simulation studies, the proposed iterative method yields smaller bias and heterogeneity after performing a sensitivity analysis to remove the identified outliers. It also provides higher accuracy on outlier detection. Two case studies are used to illustrate the proposed method's real-world performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Meng
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jingshen Wang
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, U.S.A
| | - Lifeng Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Chong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, U.S.A
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8
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Chen H, Tian T, Wang D. Dysregulation of miR-25-3p in Diabetic Nephropathy and Its Role in Inflammatory Response. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10781-x. [PMID: 38602597 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the expression level of miR-25-3p in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), and its effect on proliferation, apoptosis and inflammatory response of mesangial cells cultured with high glucose. Blood samples of all clinical subjects were collected for RT-qPCR analysis to detect serum miR-25-3p levels. Human mesangial cells (HMCs) cultured with high glucose were used to construct DN model in vitro. MTT assay, flow cytometry and ELISA were used to evaluate the effects of miR-25-3p on the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response of DN cell models. Serum miR-25-3p was decreased in both T2DM group and DN group, but more in DN group. Serum miR-25-3p was positively correlated with eGFR and negatively correlated with UAER. The expression of miR-25-3p was reduced in HMCs induced by high glucose. Transfection of miR-25-3p mimic could significantly up-regulate the miR-25-3p level in HMCs. Besides, high glucose culture resulted in abnormal proliferation of HMCs, reduced apoptotic cells, and increased inflammation. The addition of miR-25-3p mimic significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis and reduced the production of inflammatory factors. The abnormal reduction of serum miR-25-3p in DN indicates that it may be a potential biomarker for clinical diagnosis of DN. In in vitro experiments, miR-25-3p was involved in the progression of DN by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhen Chen
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.500, Zhennan Road, Taopu Town, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiangong Hospital, No. 666 Zhongshan North 1st Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200083, China.
| | - Tongguan Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiangong Hospital, No. 666 Zhongshan North 1st Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200083, China
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9
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Tsuruta H, Sugahara S, Kume S. Nutrient quality in dietary therapy for diabetes and diabetic kidney disease. J Diabetes Investig 2024. [PMID: 38591876 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary therapy is crucial for diabetes care with the aim of preventing the onset and progression of diabetes and its complications. The traditional approach to dietary therapy for diabetes has primarily focused on restricting the intake of the three major nutrients and rigorously controlling blood glucose levels. However, advancements in nutritional science have shown that within the three major nutrients - carbohydrates, proteins and lipids - there exist multiple types, each with distinct impacts on type 2 diabetes and its complications, sometimes even showing conflicting effects. In light of this, the present review shifts its focus from the quantity to the quality of the three major nutrients. It aims to provide an overview of how the differences in nutrient quality can influence onset and progression of type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease, highlighting the diverse effects and, at times, contradictory impacts associated with each nutrient type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tsuruta
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Sho Sugahara
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinji Kume
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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10
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Yuan Q, Luo M, Xie Y, Song W, Wang Y, Deng D, Chen S, Guo H. Chronic trans fatty acid consumption shortens lifespan in male Drosophila melanogaster on a high-sugar and high-fat diet. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10101-1. [PMID: 38582786 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Aging entails the progressive decline in the body's self-regulation and functionality over time. Notably, obesity and aging exhibit parallel phenotypes, with obesity further accelerating the aging process across multiple dimensions and diminishing lifespan. In this study, we explored the impact of trans fatty acid (TFA) consumption on the overall health and lifespan of male Drosophila melanogaster under an isocaloric high-sugar and high-fat diet. Our results indicate that TFA intake results in a shortened lifespan, elevated body weight, and increased triglyceride levels in flies fed a high-sugar and high-fat diet with equivalent caloric intake. Additionally, TFA exposure induces oxidative stress, locomotor deficits, and damage to the intestinal barrier in flies. Collectively, chronic TFA consumption expedites the aging process and reduces the lifespan of male Drosophila melanogaster. These results contribute supplementary evidence regarding the adverse health effects associated with TFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhua Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Mengliu Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yutong Xie
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Wanhan Song
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Dazhang Deng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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11
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Cao L, Wen Y, Fan K, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang N, Zhang X. Association of birth weight with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the mediating role of fatty acids traits: a two-step mendelian randomization study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:97. [PMID: 38566047 PMCID: PMC10986016 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have suggested an association between birth weight and type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the causality between them has not been established. We aimed to obtain the causal relationship between birth weight with T2DM and quantify the mediating effects of potential modifiable risk factors. METHODS Two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques were applied using SNPs as genetic instruments for exposure and mediators. Summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for birth weight, T2DM, and a series of fatty acids traits and their ratios were leveraged. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was the main analysis approach. In addition, the heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test, and leave-one-out analysis were carried out to assess the robustness. RESULTS The IVW method showed that lower birth weight raised the risk of T2DM (β: -1.113, 95% CI: -1.573 ∼ -0.652). Two-step MR identified 4 of 17 candidate mediators partially mediating the effect of lower birth weight on T2DM, including ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids (proportion mediated: 7.9%), ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids (7.2%), ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to total fatty acids (8.1%) and ratio of linoleic acid to total fatty acids ratio (6.0%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings supported a potentially causal effect of birth weight against T2DM with considerable mediation by modifiable risk factors. Interventions that target these factors have the potential to reduce the burden of T2DM attributable to low birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Cao
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yahui Wen
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Keyi Fan
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | | | - Zhenglong Li
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Shanxi Children's Hospital (Shanxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital), Xinmin North Street No.13, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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12
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Maruyama C, Uchiyama M, Umezawa A, Tokunaga A, Yasuda A, Chibai K, Fukuda C, Ichiki R, Kameyama N, Shinohara M. A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study on Association of Ready-to-Eat and Processed Food Intakes with Metabolic Factors, Serum Trans Fat and Phospholipid Fatty Acid Compositions in Healthy Japanese Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1032. [PMID: 38613065 PMCID: PMC11013905 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Frequently consuming processed and ready-to-eat (RTE) foods is regarded as unhealthy, but evidence on the relationships with circulating metabolic parameters is lacking. Japanese residents of a metropolitan area, 20 to 50 years of age, were studied in terms of anthropometric and biochemical parameters, including circulating trans fat and serum phospholipid fatty acid levels. Processed foods, except drinks and dairy items, were categorized according to requirements for additional ingredients and cooking before eating. Processed and RTE foods were divided according to fat and/or oil content into non-fatty or fatty foods. The participants were grouped into tertiles based on the energy percent (En%) derived from fatty-RTE foods. Fatty-RTE En% showed negative associations with fish, soybean and soybean products, dairy, eggs, vegetables, seaweed/mushrooms/konjac, fruit and non-oily seasonings reflecting lower dietary fiber, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and mineral and vitamin intakes, while the associations with fat/oil, confectionaries, and sweet beverages were positive. Fatty-RTE En% consumption was positively associated with alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, direct bilirubin, elaidic acid, and C18:2 but inversely associated with HDL cholesterol, C15:0, C17:0, EPA, and DHA. A higher fatty-RTE food intake was suggested to contribute to unbalanced nutrient intakes, as reflected in lipid metabolic parameters. Further large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the quality and impacts of RTE foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizuko Maruyama
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan;
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Miya Uchiyama
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan;
| | - Ariko Umezawa
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Aoi Tokunaga
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Akari Yasuda
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Kanako Chibai
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Chieko Fukuda
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Rina Ichiki
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Noriko Kameyama
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan; (A.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Masakazu Shinohara
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan;
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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13
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Skurk T, Bosy-Westphal A, Grünerbel A, Kabisch S, Keuthage W, Kronsbein P, Müssig K, Nussbaumer H, Pfeiffer AFH, Simon MC, Tombek A, Weber KS, Rubin D. Dietary Recommendations for Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2024; 132:182-215. [PMID: 38286422 DOI: 10.1055/a-2166-6772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Nutritional Sciences, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Kabisch
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Potsdam, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Germany
| | - Winfried Keuthage
- Specialist Practice for Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Kronsbein
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Mönchengladbach Campus, Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - Karsten Müssig
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Diabetology, Niels Stensen Hospitals, Franziskus Hospital Harderberg, Georgsmarienhütte, Germany
| | | | - Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutritional Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Christine Simon
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Astrid Tombek
- Diabetes Centre Bad Mergentheim, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - Katharina S Weber
- Institute for Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Diana Rubin
- Vivantes Hospital Spandau, Berlin, Germany
- Vivantes Humboldt Hospital, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Malvano F, Albanese D, Cinquanta L, Liparoti S, Marra F. A Comparative Study between Beeswax and Glycerol Monostearate for Food-Grade Oleogels. Gels 2024; 10:214. [PMID: 38667633 PMCID: PMC11049244 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With the aim to produce solid fats with a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids, oleogels based on olive and peanut oil with different concentrations of beeswax (BW) and glycerol monostearate (GMS) as oleogelators were studied and compared. The critical oleogelator concentration for both BW and GMS was 3%. Thermal properties of the developed GMS-based oleogels pointed to a polymorphic structure, confirmed by the presence of two exothermic and endothermic peaks. All developed oleogels released less than 4% of oil, highlighting their high oil binding capacity. A morphology evaluation of oleogels showed platelet-like crystals, characterized by a cross-sectional length of 50 μm in BW-based oleogels and irregular clusters of needle-like crystals with a higher diameter in GMS-based oleogels. BW-based oleogels showed a solid fat content ranging from 1.16% to 2.27%, and no solid fat content was found at 37 °C. GMS-based oleogels reached slightly higher values of SFC that ranged from 1.58% to 2.97% at 25 °C and from 1.00% to 1.75% at 37 °C. Olive oil-based oleogels with GMS showed higher firmness compared with BW-based ones. The stronger structure network in olive oil/GMS-based oleogels provided a real physical barrier to oxidants, showing a high oxidation stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Malvano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (S.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Donatella Albanese
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (S.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Luciano Cinquanta
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90121 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Sara Liparoti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (S.L.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesco Marra
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (S.L.); (F.M.)
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15
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Hatem O, Kaçar ÖF, Kaçar HK, Szentpéteri JL, Marosvölgyi T, Szabó É. Trans isomeric fatty acids in human milk and their role in infant health and development. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1379772. [PMID: 38515522 PMCID: PMC10954868 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1379772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well known that long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) play an important role in neurodevelopment in the perinatal life. The most important source of these fatty acids is the diet, however, they can also be formed in the human body from their shorter chain precursors, the essential fatty acids. Since the WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months after birth, the exclusive source of these fatty acids for breastfed infants is human milk, which can be influenced by the mother's diet. Unsaturated fatty acids can have either cis or trans configuration double bond in their chain with distinct physiological effects. Cis isomeric unsaturated fatty acids have several beneficial effects, while trans isomers are mostly detrimental, because of their similar structure to saturated fatty acids. Trans fatty acids (TFAs) can be further subdivided into industrial (iTFA) and ruminant-derived trans fatty acids (rTFA). However, the physiological effects of these two TFA subgroups may differ. In adults, dietary intake of iTFA has been linked to atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, obesity, chronic inflammation, and increased development of certain cancers, among other diseases. However, iTFAs can have a negative impact on health not only in adulthood but in childhood too. Results from previous studies have shown that iTFAs have a significant negative effect on LCPUFA levels in the blood of newborns and infants. In addition, iTFAs can affect the growth and development of infants, and animal studies suggest that they might even have lasting negative effects later in life. Since the only source of TFAs in the human body is the diet, the TFA content of breast milk may determine the TFA supply of breastfed infants and thus affect the levels of LCPUFAs important for neurodevelopment and the health of infants. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the TFA content in human milk available in the literature and their potential effects on infant health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okba Hatem
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ömer Furkan Kaçar
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Hüsna Kaya Kaçar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya, Türkiye
| | - József L. Szentpéteri
- Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Marosvölgyi
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Szabó
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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16
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Shen W, Chen H, Shih C, Samet J, Tong H. Modulatory effects of dietary saturated fatty acids on platelet mitochondrial function following short-term exposure to ambient Particulate Matter (PM 2.5). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:215-226. [PMID: 38111233 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2292709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was found to produce vascular injury, possibly by activating platelets within days after exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the modulatory effects of dietary saturated fatty acids on platelet mitochondrial respiratory parameters following short-term inhalational exposure to PM2.5. A total of 22 healthy male volunteers were recruited from the Research Triangle area of North Carolina. Platelets were isolated from fresh whole blood samples and mitochondrial respiratory parameters were measured using an extracellular flux analyzer. Intake of saturated fat was averaged from multiple 24-hr dietary recalls. Daily ambient PM2.5 concentrations were obtained from ambient air quality monitoring stations. Correlation and ANOVA were used in data analyses, along with the pick-a-point method and the Johnson-Neyman technique for probing moderation. After controlling for age and omega-3 index, the intake of dietary saturated fatty acids after reaching 9.3% or higher of the total caloric intake significantly moderated the associations between PM2.5 exposure and several platelet mitochondrial respiratory parameters. In conclusion, dietary saturated fatty acids above 9.3% of total caloric intake influenced the relationship between short-term PM2.5 exposure and platelet mitochondrial respiration. Further research is needed to understand these associations and their implications for cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Shen
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Food and Nutrition Program, Department of Public and Allied Health, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Chiahao Shih
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - James Samet
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, WA, USA
| | - Haiyan Tong
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, WA, USA
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17
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Chopra AK. Dietary management of dyslipidemia. Indian Heart J 2024; 76 Suppl 1:S65-S72. [PMID: 38122980 PMCID: PMC11019336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has made the achievement of optimal lipoprotein levels a major public health priority. As nearly a fifth of global mortality is associated with dietary factors, and recommendations have been mired in controversy, a fresh look on the available data is attempted. Well established concepts regarding nutrition and cardiometabolic health, role of macronutrients, calories, and controversial foods are discussed followed by recommendations in the Indian context. A healthy dietary pattern rather than individual foods or nutrients is emphasized, and this is generally plant based with optional consumption of dairy, eggs, and meats within the suggested limits. Suggestions/recommendations are given for consumption of individual foods, remembering that choosing appropriate replacement foods is as important as restricting unhealthy foods.
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18
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Xie Y, Chen H, Xu J, Qu P, Zhu L, Tan Y, Zhang M, Liu L. Cheese consumption on atherosclerosis, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and its complications: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:691-698. [PMID: 38161113 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Evidence from prospective cohort studies has revealed an inverse association between cheese consumption and the development of atherosclerosis (AS), atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), and their complications. However, it remains unclear whether this observed association is influenced by potential confounding factors that may arise during the long-term development process of AS, ASCVD, and its complications. Therefore, to further clarify the causal relationship between cheese consumption and AS, ASCVD, and its complications, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal association between cheese intake and the aforementioned health outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS We employed a two-sample MR analysis based on publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to infer the causal relationship, with no overlap between their participating populations. The effect estimates were calculated using the random-effects inverse-variance-weighted method. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using Cochran's Q statistic, funnel plot, leave-one-out analysis, and MR-Egger intercept tests. The genetically predicted cheese intake was found to be associated with lower risks of coronary AS (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.59-0.88, P = 0.001), peripheral vascular AS (OR = 0.56, 95 % CI 0.37-0.84, P = 0.006), other vascular AS (OR = 0.66, 95 % CI 0.44-0.99, P = 0.043), coronary artery disease (OR = 0.64, 95 % CI 0.56-0.74, P = 1.57e-09), angina pectoris (OR = 0.70, 95 % CI 0.58-0.84, P = 4.92e-05), myocardial infarction (OR = 0.63, 95 % CI 0.52-0.77, P = 3.56e-06), heart failure (OR = 0.62, 0.49-0.79, P = 1.20e-04), total ischemic stroke (OR = 0.76, 95 % CI 0.63-0.91, P = 0.003), peripheral artery disease (OR = 0.64, 95 % CI 0.43-0.95, P = 0.028), and cognitive impairment (OR = 0.65, 95 % CI 0.56-0.74, P = 3.40e-10). However, no associations were observed for cerebrovascular AS, arrhythmia, cardiac death, ischemic stroke (large artery AS), ischemic stroke (small vessel), ischemic stroke (cardioembolic), and transient ischemic attack. CONCLUSION This two-sample MR analysis reveals a causally inverse association between cheese intake and multi-vascular AS (including coronary AS, peripheral vascular AS, and other vascular AS), as well as multiple types of ASCVD and its complications (such as coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure, total ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease). The findings from this study may lay a stronger theoretical foundation and present new opportunities for the dietary management of future atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Peiliu Qu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Liyuan Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yangrong Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China.
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19
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Guerra IMS, Ferreira HB, Maurício T, Pinho M, Diogo L, Moreira S, Goracci L, Bonciarelli S, Melo T, Domingues P, Domingues MR, Moreira ASP. Plasma lipidomics analysis reveals altered profile of triglycerides and phospholipids in children with Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38356271 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is the most prevalent mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorder. In this study, we assessed the variability of the lipid profile in MCADD by analysing plasma samples obtained from 25 children with metabolically controlled MCADD (following a normal diet with frequent feeding and under l-carnitine supplementation) and 21 paediatric control subjects (CT). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed for the analysis of esterified fatty acids, while high-resolution C18-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse lipid species. We identified a total of 251 lipid species belonging to 15 distinct lipid classes. Principal component analysis revealed a clear distinction between the MCADD and CT groups. Univariate analysis demonstrated that 126 lipid species exhibited significant differences between the two groups. The lipid species that displayed the most pronounced variations included triacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholines containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, specifically C14:0 and C16:0, which were found to be more abundant in MCADD. The observed changes in the plasma lipidome of children with non-decompensated MCADD suggest an underlying alteration in lipid metabolism. Therefore, longitudinal monitoring and further in-depth investigations are warranted to better understand whether such alterations are specific to MCADD children and their potential long-term impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M S Guerra
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena B Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Maurício
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marisa Pinho
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luísa Diogo
- Reference Center for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases - MetabERN, Portugal
| | - Sónia Moreira
- Reference Center for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases - MetabERN, Portugal
| | - Laura Goracci
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonciarelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana S P Moreira
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies-, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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20
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Dunne S, Gibney ER, McGillicuddy FC, Feeney EL. The effects of saturated fat intake from dairy on CVD markers: the role of food matrices. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38316603 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
CVD is the leading cause of death worldwide, and is commonly associated with modifiable risk factors. Most studies to date examining link between food intake and risk of CVD, have focused on modulation of plasma cholesterol concentrations (total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C). However, recent studies suggest LDL particle size is a more sensitive risk marker for CVD with smaller, dense LDL particles reported as more atherogenic than larger, more buoyant LDL. Although dietary guidelines recommend SFA intake of < 10 % of total energy, this does not consider food source, with recent evidence suggesting differing, sometimes beneficial, lipid responses following consumption of SFA from dairy compared to other food sources. This may be from differences in the physical food matrices, the nutrient content of the foods, and/or how these components interact with each other, described as a 'dairy matrix effect'. Dietary fat not only raises LDL-C, but also HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), associated with reduced CVD risk. HDL particles are complex emulsions of lipids, proteins and microRNAs that exhibit atheroprotective properties. In addition, HDL particles exhibit a very heterogeneous proteomic composition, dependent on a person's disease state - with a more pro-inflammatory proteome evident in patients with established CVD. This review will discuss the evidence to date on the importance of the food matrix in modulating response to dietary SFA and impact on CVD risk factors. A focus on potential biomarker properties of lipoprotein particles beyond cholesterol and current use of such biomarkers in human nutrition research will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dunne
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Fiona C McGillicuddy
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
| | - Emma L Feeney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
- UCD Institute for Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Republic of Ireland
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21
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Fan Y, Li Z, Shi J, Liu S, Li L, Ding L, Zhao J, Pan Y, Lei H, He T, Li W, Li X, Mi Y, Ma L. The association between prepregnancy dietary fatty acids and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:484-493. [PMID: 38194788 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Epidemiologic studies have examined the association between dietary fatty acids and type 2 diabetes risk in general populations. Evidence regarding their associations with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate prepregnancy fatty acids intake in relation to GDM risk. METHODS 3,725 pregnant women from the Xi'an Birth Cohort Study who were free of previous GDM or pre-existing chronic diseases were included. Dietary intake of total fat and individual fatty acids (including saturated fatty acids [SFA], monounsaturated fatty acids [MUFA], polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], and trans fatty acids) during the year preceding pregnancy was assessed by a validated food-frequency questionnaire before 16 weeks of gestation. GDM was confirmed based on the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Log-binomial or modified Poisson regression models were applied to estimate the relative risks (RRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95%CIs) of GDM for fatty acids intake. Generalized linear regression was adopted for blood glucose levels with fatty acids intake. RESULTS 644 (17.3 %) incident GDM cases were confirmed in our study. Participants in the highest intake of total fat substituting for carbohydrates had a 33 % reduced risk of GDM than those in the lowest intake (RR:0.67; 95%CI:0.55,0.81). For individual fatty acids, only PUFA intake was associated with a lower risk of GDM, with RR comparing extreme tertiles of 0.61 (95%CI:0.49,0.76). Each 2 % increase in energy from total fat and PUFA replacing carbohydrates decreased the risk of GDM by 6 % (95%CI:3 %,9 %) and 15 % (95%CI:9 %,21 %), respectively. Similar inverse associations with intake of total fat and PUFA were observed for blood glucose levels. Further analyses of SFA substitution showed that replacement of 2 % energy from SFA with PUFA and MUFA was associated with 26 % (RR:0.74; 95%CI:0.62,0.88) and 30 % (RR:0.70; 95%CI:0.50, 0.98) decreased risk of GDM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Greater intake of total fat and PUFA before pregnancy was associated with lower risk of GDM when replacing carbohydrates. Substitution SFA with PUFA and MUFA was also inversely associated with GDM risk. These findings support the important role of optimal dietary fatty acids composition in the prevention of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Fan
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zhaofang Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jia Shi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Sijiao Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lintian Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lu Ding
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jinping Zhao
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yunjin Pan
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Haoyuan Lei
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tongqiang He
- Department of Obstetrics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Weiling Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xuelan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Obstetrics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710061, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an 710061, China.
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22
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Fridén M, Olsson E, Lind L, Rosqvist F, Risérus U. Substitution analyses of foods with varying fat quality and the associations with all-cause mortality and impact of the FADS-1 genotype in elderly men. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:145-153. [PMID: 37728746 PMCID: PMC10799108 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate associations between substitutions of foods varying in fat quality and all-cause mortality in elderly Swedish men and to examine effect measure modification by a gene involved in fatty acid desaturation (rs174550 FADS1). METHODS Using Cox-regression models in the ULSAM cohort (n = 1133 men aged 71), we aimed to investigate; (1) Associations between the substitution of a nutrient or food for another on all-cause mortality (primary outcome) and CVD (secondary outcome) and (2) Associations between the addition of various fat-rich foods to the habitual diet and all-cause mortality and CVD. Subgroup analyses based on the rs174550 FADS1 genotype were conducted. RESULTS Over a mean follow-up of 11.6-13.7 years, n = 774 died and n = 494 developed CVD, respectively. No clear associations were observed for the vast majority of substitution nor addition models. Adding saturated fatty acids (SFA) on top of the habitual diet was however associated with an increased risk of mortality in men with the CT/CC-genotype [HR (95% CI) 1.44 (1.05, 1.97)]. Post-hoc analyses showed an inverse association of substituting SFA with carbohydrates [HR (95% CI) 0.79 (0.65, 0.97)], which was somewhat stronger in men with the CT/CC-genotype compared to men carrying the TT-genotype. CONCLUSIONS Few associations were observed between diet and all-cause mortality and CVD in this population. However, substituting SFA with carbohydrates was associated with lower mortality in post-hoc analyses and adding SFA to the habitual diet increased mortality in men with the CT/CC-genotype. The latter observation is novel and warrants further investigation in larger cohort studies including women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fridén
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erika Olsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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23
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Bermingham KM, May A, Asnicar F, Capdevila J, Leeming ER, Franks PW, Valdes AM, Wolf J, Hadjigeorgiou G, Delahanty LM, Segata N, Spector TD, Berry SE. Snack quality and snack timing are associated with cardiometabolic blood markers: the ZOE PREDICT study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:121-133. [PMID: 37709944 PMCID: PMC10799113 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snacking is a common diet behaviour which accounts for a large proportion of daily energy intake, making it a key determinant of diet quality. However, the relationship between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic health remains unclear. DESIGN Demography, diet, health (fasting and postprandial cardiometabolic blood and anthropometrics markers) and stool metagenomics data were assessed in the UK PREDICT 1 cohort (N = 1002) (NCT03479866). Snacks (foods or drinks consumed between main meals) were self-reported (weighed records) across 2-4 days. Average snacking frequency and quality [snack diet index (SDI)] were determined (N = 854 after exclusions). Associations between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic blood and anthropometric markers were assessed using regression models (adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, physical activity level and main meal quality). RESULTS Participants were aged (mean, SD) 46.1 ± 11.9 years, had a mean BMI of 25.6 ± 4.88 kg/m2 and were predominantly female (73%). 95% of participants were snackers (≥ 1 snack/day; n = 813); mean daily snack intake was 2.28 snacks/day (24 ± 16% of daily calories; 203 ± 170 kcal); and 44% of participants were discordant for meal and snack quality. In snackers, overall snacking frequency and quantity of snack energy were not associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. However, lower snack quality (SDI range 1-11) was associated with higher blood markers, including elevated fasting triglycerides (TG (mmol/L) β; - 0.02, P = 0.02), postprandial TGs (6hiAUC (mmol/L.s); β; - 400, P = 0.01), fasting insulin (mIU/L) (β; - 0.15, P = 0.04), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; β; - 0.04, P = 0.04) and hunger (scale 0-100) (β; - 0.52, P = 0.02) (P values non-significant after multiple testing adjustments). Late-evening snacking (≥ 9 pm; 31%) was associated with lower blood markers (HbA1c; 5.54 ± 0.42% vs 5.46 ± 0.28%, glucose 2hiAUC; 8212 ± 5559 vs 7321 ± 4928 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01 and TG 6hiAUC; 11,638 ± 8166 vs 9781 ± 6997 mmol/L.s, P = 0.01) compared to all other snacking times (HbA1c remained significant after multiple testing). CONCLUSION Snack quality and timing of consumption are simple diet features which may be targeted to improve diet quality, with potential health benefits. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER AND WEBSITE NCT03479866, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03479866?term=NCT03479866&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Bermingham
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- ZOE Ltd, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Emily R Leeming
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana M Valdes
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Linda M Delahanty
- Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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24
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Zhu X, Xue J, Maimaitituerxun R, Xu H, Zhou Q, Zhou Q, Dai W, Chen W. Relationship between dietary macronutrients intake and biological aging: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:243-251. [PMID: 37845359 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between macronutrient intake and biological age. METHODS Data were collected from 26,381 adults who participated in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Two biological ages were estimated using the Klemera-Doubal method (KDM) and PhenoAge algorithms. Biological age acceleration (AA) was computed as the difference between biological age and chronological age. The associations between macronutrient intakes and AA were investigated. RESULTS After fully adjusting for confounding factors, negative associations were observed between AA and fiber intake (KDM-AA: β - 0.53, 95% CI - 0.62, - 0.43, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.30, 95% CI - 0.35, - 0.25, P < 0.05). High-quality carbohydrate intake was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β - 0.57, 95% CI - 0.67, - 0.47, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.32, 95% CI - 0.37, - 0.26, P < 0.05), while low-quality carbohydrate was associated with increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.30, 95% CI 0.21, 0.38, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.11, 0.21, P < 0.05). Plant protein was associated with decreased AA (KDM-AA: β - 0.39, 95% CI - 0.51, - 0.27, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β - 0.21, 95% CI - 0.26, - 0.15, P < 0.05). Long-chain SFA intake increased AA (KDM-AA: β 0.16, 95% CI 0.08, 0.24, P < 0.05; PhenoAge acceleration: β 0.11, 95% CI 0.07, 0.15, P < 0.05). ω-3 PUFA was associated with decreased KDM-AA (β - 0.18, 95% CI - 0.27, - 0.08, P < 0.05) and PhenoAge acceleration (β - 0.09, 95% CI - 0.13, - 0.04, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that dietary fiber, high-quality carbohydrate, plant protein, and ω-3 PUFA intake may have a protective effect against AA, while low-quality carbohydrate and long-chain SFA intake may increase AA. Therefore, dietary interventions aimed at modifying macronutrient intakes may be useful in preventing or delaying age-related disease and improving overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Scientific Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Rehanguli Maimaitituerxun
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Science and Education, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, 415000, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenhang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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25
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Retterstøl K, Rosqvist F. Fat and fatty acids - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:9980. [PMID: 38327998 PMCID: PMC10845901 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.9980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Two de novo NNR2022 systematic reviews (SRs) as well as 21 qualified SRs (qSRs) were available. A literature search yielded an additional ~70 SRs, meta-analyses and biomarker papers. Diets lower in total fat are associated with reductions in body weight and blood pressure compared with diets higher in total fat in adults. Partial replacement of saturated fatty acid (SFA) with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) improves blood lipid profile, decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), improves glucose-insulin homeostasis and may decrease the risk of total mortality. Long-chain n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) decrease triglycerides and are associated with lower risk of CVD. Dietary PUFAs, both n-3 and n-6, may be associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). There is inconclusive evidence to suggest that the type of dietary fat is associated with blood pressure, risk of hypertension or musculoskeletal health. Higher intake of total PUFA is associated with lower mortality from any cancer. Long-chain n-3 PUFA is associated with reduced risk of breast cancer, whereas biomarker levels of n-6 PUFA are associated with lower risk of any cancer. Intake of long-chain n-3 PUFA during pregnancy increases length of gestation and child birth weight and reduces the risk of preterm delivery, but there is inconclusive evidence to suggest that it may influence child neurodevelopment, growth or development of allergic disease. In studies with higher versus lower dietary cholesterol intake levels, total blood cholesterol increased or were unaffected by the dietary cholesterol, resulting in inconclusive results. Trans fatty acid (TFA), regardless of source, impairs blood lipid profile compared to unsaturated fat. In observational studies, TFA is positively associated with CVD and total mortality but whether associations differ by source is inconclusive. Ruminant TFA, as well as biomarker levels of odd-chain fatty acids, might be associated with lower risk of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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26
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Bourebaba L, Kępska M, Qasem B, Zyzak M, Łyczko J, Klemens M, Mularczyk M, Marycz K. Sex hormone-binding globulin improves lipid metabolism and reduces inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue of metabolic syndrome-affected horses. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1214961. [PMID: 38146533 PMCID: PMC10749534 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1214961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a steadily growing endocrine disorder representing a real challenge in veterinary practice. As a multifactorial condition, EMS is characterized by three main metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, increased adiposity or obesity and hoof laminitis. Adipose tissue dysfunction is recognized as a core pathophysiological determinant of EMS, as it strongly participates to lipotoxicity and systemic metaflammation, both of which have been closely linked to the development of generalized insulin resistance. Besides, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is an important sex steroids transporters that has been recently proposed as an important metabolic mediator. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify whether SHBG treatment may ameliorate subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolic failure under EMS condition in terms of lipidome homeostasis, lipid metabolism programs, insulin signalling and local inflammation. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsies were collected post-mortem from healthy (n = 3) and EMS (n = 3) slaughtered horses. SHBG protein has been applied to SAT samples from EMS horses for 24 h at a final concentration of 50 nM, while control groups (healthy and untreated EMS) were cultured in the presence of SHBG-vehicle only. Tissues from all groups were afterwards secured for downstream analysis of gene expression using RT-qPCR, protein levels by Western blot and ELISA assay and lipidomics through GC-MS technique. Obtained results showcased that SHBG intervention efficiently normalized the altered fatty acids (FAs) profiles by lowering the accumulation of saturated and trans FAs, as well as the pro-inflammatory arachidonic and linoleic acids. Moreover, SHBG showed promising value for the regulation of adipocyte lipolysis and engorgement by lowering the levels of perilipin-1. SHBG exerted moderated effect toward SCD1 and FASN enzymes expression, but increased the LPL abundance. Interestingly, SHBG exhibited a negative regulatory effect on pro-adipogenic stimulators and induced higher expression of KLF3, IRF3 and β-catenin, known as strong adipogenesis repressors. Finally, SHBG protein showed remarkable ability in restoring the insulin signal transduction, IR/IRS/Pi3K/AKT phosphorylation events and GLUT4 transporter abundance, and further attenuate pro-inflammatory response by lowering IL-6 tissue levels and targeting the PDIA3/ERK axis. Overall, the obtained data clearly demonstrate the benefice of SHBG treatment in the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism in the course of EMS and provide new insights for the development of molecular therapies with potential translational application to human metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Martyna Kępska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Badr Qasem
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zyzak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Klemens
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Malwina Mularczyk
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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27
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Sakai K, Okada M, Yamaguchi S. Protein-glutaminase improves water-/oil-holding capacity and beany off-flavor profiles of plant-based meat analogs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294637. [PMID: 38055653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An unresolved challenge for plant-based meat analogs (PBMAs) is their lack of juiciness. Saturated fats significantly contribute to the juiciness of PBMAs, but there are concerns about the undesirable health effects related to saturated fats; thus, demand for their replacement with vegetable unsaturated oils has increased. Although many food additives are used to reduce the leakage of unsaturated oils, this solution cannot meet the clean-label requirements that have been trending in recent years. In this study, we aimed to develop better consumer-acceptable methods using protein-glutaminase (PG) to improve the juiciness of PBMA patties to meet clean-label trends. We found no significant difference between the visual surface of control and PG-treated textured vegetable proteins (TVPs). However, the microstructure of PG-treated TVP had a more rounded shape than that of the control TVP as observed under a scanning electron microscope. After grilling process, the PBMA patties composed of PG-treated TVP showed significantly higher liquid-holding capacities (a juiciness indicator) than the control patties. This suggested that PG treatment could potentially produce PBMA patties with increased juiciness. Interestingly, after the PG-treated TVP underwent the wash process, we found that PG treatment of TVP easily reduced the various beany off-flavor compounds by 58-85%. Moreover, the results of the in vitro protein digestion test showed that the amounts of free amino nitrogen released from PBMA patties composed of PG-treated TVP were 1.5- and 1.7-fold higher than those from control patties in the gastric and intestinal phases, respectively. These findings indicate that PG treatment of TVP could enhance the physical, sensory, and nutritional properties of PBMA patties and meet the clean-label requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyota Sakai
- Amano Enzyme Inc. Innovation Center, Kakamigahara, Japan
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28
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Singer WM, Lee YC, Shea Z, Vieira CC, Lee D, Li X, Cunicelli M, Kadam SS, Khan MAW, Shannon G, Mian MAR, Nguyen HT, Zhang B. Soybean genetics, genomics, and breeding for improving nutritional value and reducing antinutritional traits in food and feed. THE PLANT GENOME 2023; 16:e20415. [PMID: 38084377 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a globally important crop due to its valuable seed composition, versatile feed, food, and industrial end-uses, and consistent genetic gain. Successful genetic gain in soybean has led to widespread adaptation and increased value for producers, processors, and consumers. Specific focus on the nutritional quality of soybean seed composition for food and feed has further elucidated genetic knowledge and bolstered breeding progress. Seed components are historical and current targets for soybean breeders seeking to improve nutritional quality of soybean. This article reviews genetic and genomic foundations for improvement of nutritionally important traits, such as protein and amino acids, oil and fatty acids, carbohydrates, and specific food-grade considerations; discusses the application of advanced breeding technology such as CRISPR/Cas9 in creating seed composition variations; and provides future directions and breeding recommendations regarding soybean seed composition traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Singer
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Fort Hays State University, Hays, Kansas, USA
| | - Zachary Shea
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Caio Canella Vieira
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Dongho Lee
- Fisher Delta Research, Extension, and Education Center, University of Missouri, Portageville, Missouri, USA
| | - Xiaoying Li
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Mia Cunicelli
- Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shaila S Kadam
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Grover Shannon
- Fisher Delta Research, Extension, and Education Center, University of Missouri, Portageville, Missouri, USA
| | - M A Rouf Mian
- Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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29
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Johnson SA, Kirkpatrick CF, Miller NH, Carson JAS, Handu D, Moloney L. Saturated Fat Intake and the Prevention and Management of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: An Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1808-1830. [PMID: 37482268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and globally and is largely attributable to atherosclerosis. Evidence indicates that multiple dietary components contribute to the complex causes of CVD and associated events and mortality. Public health authorities and scientific organizations have recommended reduced saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake for decades to promote cardiovascular health, which is linked to favorable impacts on established and emerging atherosclerotic CVD risk factors. Recently, a debate has emerged about whether SFA intake should be reduced for CVD prevention, which has contributed to confusion among health care professionals, including registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs), and the general public, and necessitates the critical evaluation of the evidence. The objective of this evidence-based nutrition practice guideline is to provide health care and public health professionals, particularly RDNs, with evidence-based recommendations on how to address SFA intake in adults within an individualized healthy dietary pattern. Moderate evidence supports the reduction of SFA intake for CVD event reduction, low- to moderate-certainty evidence supports prioritization of replacement of SFAs with polyunsaturated fatty acids, and low-certainty evidence supports focusing on reducing the total amount of SFA rather than specific food sources of SFA. Guideline implementation should include consideration of individual preferences; principles of inclusion, diversity, equity, and access; and potential nutritional deficiencies that may occur with reduced SFA intake. Future research is needed to address gaps that were identified and provide high-quality evidence to support stronger future recommendations based on the relationship between SFA and CVD.
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30
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Wang S, Yan M, Tian W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Fang S, Yu B. Industry-produced and ruminant-derived trans-fatty acids and subclinical myocardial injury in adults without known cardiovascular disease. J Intern Med 2023; 294:816-818. [PMID: 37553863 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanjie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yige Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Shaohong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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Zheng Y, Fang Y, Xu X, Ye W, Kang S, Yang K, Cao Y, Xu R, Zheng J, Wang H. Dietary saturated fatty acids increased all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in an elderly population: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutr Res 2023; 120:99-114. [PMID: 37952265 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The influence of dietary saturated fatty acids intake on human health and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains debated. The aim of this study was to explore the association between dietary saturated fatty acid consumption and all-cause and CVD mortality among the elderly population. Data for the participants in this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset spanning the years 2003 through 2008. Information regarding mortality and the follow-up duration were extracted from the 2019 public-use linked mortality files provided by the National Center for Health Statistics. A total of 3404 participants were included in this study. The ratio of dietary saturated fatty acids to total fat was associated with the mortality from all-cause, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease after adjusting confounding factors (P < .05). For every 10% increase in the saturated fatty acids to total fat ratio, all-cause mortality increased by 24% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.37), the heart disease mortality increased by 26% (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05-1.52), and the cerebrovascular disease mortality increased by 67% (HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.14-2.45) at 10 years' follow-up. In addition, low dietary saturated fatty acids intake was associated with reduced mortality because of all-cause and heart disease after adjusting confounding factors (P < .05). In conclusion, in this elderly population, dietary saturated fatty acid intake was associated with all-cause mortality, heart disease mortality, and cerebrovascular disease mortality. Reducing saturated fatty acid intake in the diet may extend the survival rate for the elderly population. However, the difference of the effects of specific dietary saturated fatty acids with different chain lengths on mortality needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiru Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Woruo Ye
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Kang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunzhao Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongxin Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junwu Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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32
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Thakur D, Singh A, Suhag R, Dhiman A, Chauhan DS. Oleogelation based on plant waxes: characterization and food applications. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:2927-2944. [PMID: 37786600 PMCID: PMC10542040 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Fats contribute majorly to food flavour, mouthfeel, palatability, texture, and aroma. Though solid fats are used for food formulation due to the processing benefits over oils, their negative health effects should not be overlooked. Oleogelation is thus used to transform liquid oil into a gel which function like fats and provide the nutritional benefits of oils. Additionally, only food-grade gelators convert the oils into solid-like, self-standing, three-dimensional gel networks. Rice bran wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, and sunflower wax are mainly used plant waxes for formulating oleogels as a result of their low cost, availability, and excellent gelling ability. A comprehensive information about the wax based oleogels, their characteristics and applications is needed. The present review discusses the effect of different plant-based waxes on the properties of the oleogel formed. The article provides information on how the physical and chemical properties of waxes impact the oleogel properties such as oil binding capacity, critical concentration, rheological, thermal, textural, morphological, and oxidative stability. Moreover, the current and potential applications of oleogels in the food sector have also been covered this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Thakur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat, Haryana 131028 India
| | - Anurag Singh
- Department of Food Technology, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Nawabganj, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208002 India
| | - Rajat Suhag
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Università 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Atul Dhiman
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Divya Singh Chauhan
- Department of Food Technology, Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Agra, Uttar Pradesh 283105 India
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33
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Yaegashi A, Kimura T, Wakai K, Iso H, Tamakoshi A. Association between total fat and fatty acid intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among Japanese adults: Analysis based on the JACC study. J Epidemiol 2023:JE20230076. [PMID: 37981321 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20230076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We prospectively examined the association between total fat and fatty acid intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) among Japanese adults. METHODS This study was conducted using data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC). A validated food frequency questionnaire evaluated the intake of total fat and fatty acids. Diabetes was assessed using self-reported data. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident T2D across quintiles of total fat and fatty acid intake after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 19,088 non-diabetic participants (age range, 40-79 years) enrolled in the JACC between 1988 and 1990 were included in this study. During the five-year study period, 494 the participants developed T2D. The OR of T2D for the highest versus lowest quintiles was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.37-0.90) for total fat, 0.78 (95% CI, 0.51-1.20) for saturated fatty acid (SFA), 0.55 (95% CI, 0.35-0.86) for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 0.61 (95% CI, 0.39-0.96) for polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 0.64 (95% CI, 0.42-0.99) for n-3 PUFA, and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.45-1.09) for n-6 PUFA. Total fat and fatty acid (except SFA and n-6 PUFA) intake were inversely associated with T2D in men. Total fat and fatty acid intake were not associated with T2D in women. CONCLUSION Higher intakes of total fats, MUFA, PUFA, and n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with T2D among Japanese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Yaegashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University
| | | | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University
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Shetty S, Duesman SJ, Patel S, Huyhn P, Shroff S, Das A, Chowhan D, Sebra R, Beaumont K, McAlpine CS, Rajbhandari P, Rajbhandari AK. Sexually dimorphic role of diet and stress on behavior, energy metabolism, and the ventromedial hypothalamus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.17.567534. [PMID: 38014350 PMCID: PMC10680837 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.17.567534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Scientific evidence underscores the influence of biological sex on the interplay between stress and metabolic dysfunctions. However, there is limited understanding of how diet and stress jointly contribute to metabolic dysregulation in both males and females. To address this gap, our study aimed to investigate the combined effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) and repeated footshock stress on fear-related behaviors and metabolic outcomes in male and female mice. Using a robust rodent model that recapitulates key aspects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we subjected mice to footshock stressor followed by weekly reminder footshock stressor or no stressor for 14 weeks while on either an HFD or chow diet. Our findings revealed that HFD impaired fear memory extinction in male mice that received initial stressor but not in female mice. Blood glucose levels were influenced by both diet and sex, with HFD-fed female mice displaying elevated levels that returned to baseline in the absence of stress, a pattern not observed in male mice. Male mice on HFD exhibited higher energy expenditure, while HFD-fed female mice showed a decreased respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Sex-specific alterations in pro-inflammatory markers and abundance of hematopoietic stem cells were observed in chronically stressed mice on an HFD in different peripheral tissues, indicating the manifestation of distinct comorbid disorders. Single-nuclei RNA sequencing of the ventromedial hypothalamus from stressed mice on an HFD provided insights into sex-specific glial cell activation and cell-type-specific transcriptomic changes. In conclusion, our study offers a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between stress, diet, sex, and various physiological and behavioral outcomes, shedding light on a potential brain region coordinating these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanutha Shetty
- Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
| | - Samuel J. Duesman
- Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
| | - Sanil Patel
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
| | - Pacific Huyhn
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
| | - Sanjana Shroff
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anika Das
- Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
- Center for Excellence in Youth Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
| | - Disha Chowhan
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristin Beaumont
- Center for Advanced Genomic Technology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cameron S. McAlpine
- Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
- Disease Mechanism and Therapeutics Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Senior authors
| | - Abha K. Rajbhandari
- Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, New York 10029
- Senior authors
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35
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Khan TA, Lee JJ, Ayoub-Charette S, Noronha JC, McGlynn N, Chiavaroli L, Sievenpiper JL. WHO guideline on the use of non-sugar sweeteners: a need for reconsideration. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:1009-1013. [PMID: 37723261 PMCID: PMC10630128 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Grants
- 129920 CIHR
- JLS has received research support from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, Ontario Research Fund, Province of Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation and Science, Canadian Institutes of health Research (CIHR), Diabetes Canada, PSI Foundation, Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (BBDC).
- TAK was funded by a Toronto 3D Postdoctoral Fellowship Award.
- J.J.L. received research support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and has received research support from the Banting and Best Diabetes Centre at the University of Toronto.
- SA-C was funded by a CIHR Canadian Graduate Scholarships Master’s Award, the Loblaw Food as Medicine Graduate Award, the Ontario Graduate Scholarship (OGS), and the CIHR Canadian Graduate Scholarship Doctoral Award.
- JCN reports no sources of funding.
- NM reported receiving a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)- Masters Award, a St. Michael’s Hospital Research Training Centre Scholarship and a Toronto 3D Internship during the conduct of the study.
- LC was funded by a Mitacs Elevate Postdoctoral Fellowship Award. CIHR Canada Graduate Scholarships Master’s Award. JLS was funded by a Diabetes Canada Clinician Scientist Award.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauseef A Khan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sabrina Ayoub-Charette
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jarvis Clyde Noronha
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nema McGlynn
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Chiavaroli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Neglia G, Calabrò S, Cotticelli A, Salzano A, Matera R, Vastolo A, D'Onofrio N, Giorgino A, Martino E, Balestrieri ML, Campanile G. Use of former food products in dairy buffalo nutrition: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:1347-1355. [PMID: 37195024 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A feeding strategy that maintains high content of functional molecules in buffalo milk has been verified by giving Sorghum vulgare as green fodder, but it is not available all year round. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of former food products (FFPs) containing 87% biscuit meal (nonstructural carbohydrate: 60.1%; starch 14.7; crude protein 10.6), in the diet of buffaloes in terms of: (a) fermentation characteristics through gas production technique; (b) milk yield (MY) and quality; (c) content of some biomolecules and total antioxidant activity. The experiment was performed involving 50 buffaloes divided into two groups: Green group and FFPs group (animals fed Total Mixed Ration with either green forage or FFPs respectively). Daily MY was recorded and milk qualitative analyses were determined monthly for 90 days. Furthermore, fermentation characteristics of the diets were studied in vitro. No significant differences were recorded in feed intake, BCS and MY and quality. Similar in vitro fermentation data of two diets were found, with slight differences in terms of gas production and degradability. During the incubation, kinetic parameters showed a faster fermentation process with the diet of the FFPs group in relation to Green group (p < 0.05). Green group had higher levels (p < 0.01) of γ-butyrobetaine, glycine betaine, l-carnitine and propionyl l-carnitine in milk, whereas no differences were observed for δ-valerobetaine and acetyl l-carnitine. Total antioxidant capacity and iron reduction antioxidant assay were higher (p < 0.05) in the plasma and milk of the Green group. The administration of a diet high in simple sugars, obtained with FFPs, seems to favour the ruminal biosynthesis of some metabolites in milk, such as δ-valerobetaine and acetyl- l-carnitine, similar to green forage administration. Overall, the use of biscuit meal can be an alternative to green fodder when it is not available to ensure environmental sustainability and optimize costs without compromising milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Calabrò
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cotticelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Matera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vastolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Martino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria L Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Iglesies-Grau J, Dionne V, Latour É, Gayda M, Besnier F, Gagnon D, Debray A, Gagnon C, Pelletier V, Nigam A, L'Allier PL, Juneau M, Bouabdallaoui N, Bherer L. Mediterranean diet and time-restricted eating as a cardiac rehabilitation approach for patients with coronary heart disease and pre-diabetes: the DIABEPIC-1 protocol of a feasibility trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073763. [PMID: 37848307 PMCID: PMC10582969 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite proven programmes, implementing lifestyle interventions for pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes is challenging. Cardiac rehabilitation, provide a valuable opportunity to promote the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviours for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, only a limited number of studies have explored the potential for reversing the underlying causes of ASCVD in this setting. OBJECTIVES The DIABEPIC1 study is an ongoing single-arm lifestyle clinical trial to assess the feasibility of an upgraded 6-month intensive cardiac rehabilitation programme combining an innovative diet assignment with exercise training to reverse newly onset pre-diabetes (glycated haemoglobin 5.7%-6.4%) to normal glucose concentrations in patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS AND ANALYSIS 36 patients referred from the Montreal Heart Institute for cardiac rehabilitation, aged ≥40 years with a recent diagnosis of pre-diabetes in the last 6 months, will be offered to participate in the upgraded programme. Interventions will include four sessions of nutritional counselling on ultra-processed foods intake reduction and a moderate-carbohydrate (<40%) ad libitum Mediterranean diet coupled with 36 1-hour sessions of supervised exercise training (continuous and interval aerobic training, and resistance training) and educational intervention. Phase 2 will continue the same interventions adding 8:16 hour time-restricting eating (TRE) at least 5 days per week. During this second phase, exercise training will be performed with autonomy. The primary objectives will be to evaluate the recruitment rate, the completion rates at 3 and 6 months, and the compliance of participants. The secondary objectives will be to assess the proportion of prediabetic participants in remission of pre-diabetes at the programme's end and to characterise the factors associated with remission. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The DIABEPIC1 feasibility study is approved by the Research Ethics Board of the Montreal Heart Institute (Project Number ICM 2022-3005). Written informed consent will be obtained from each participant prior to inclusion. Results will be available through research articles and conferences. CONCLUSIONS The DIABEPIC1 trial will examine the feasibility and effectiveness of an enhanced cardiac rehabilitation programme combining exercise training with an ultra-processed food reduction intervention, a Mediterranean diet, and TRE counselling to remit pre-diabetes to normal glucose concentrations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05459987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Iglesies-Grau
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Valérie Dionne
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Élise Latour
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Amélie Debray
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine Gagnon
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Pelletier
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe L L'Allier
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nadia Bouabdallaoui
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research Center and Centre ÉPIC, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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38
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Talukdar JR, Steen JP, Goldenberg JZ, Zhang Q, Vernooij RWM, Ge L, Zeraatkar D, Bała MM, Ball GDC, Thabane L, Johnston BC. Saturated fat, the estimated absolute risk and certainty of risk for mortality and major cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes: an overview of systematic reviews. Syst Rev 2023; 12:179. [PMID: 37777760 PMCID: PMC10541715 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of reducing saturated fat or fatty foods, or replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat, carbohydrate or protein, on the risk of mortality and major cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes in adults. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and references of included studies for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies in adults published in the past 10 years. Eligible reviews investigated reducing saturated fat or fatty foods or replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat, carbohydrate or protein, on the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes and assessed the certainty of evidence for each outcome using, for example, the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) approach. We assessed the quality of SRMAs using a modified version of AMSTAR-2. Results were summarized as absolute estimates of effect together with the certainty of effects using a narrative synthesis approach. RESULTS We included 17 SRMAs (13 reviews of observational studies with follow-up 1 to 34 years; 4 reviews of RCTs with follow-up 1 to 17 years). The quality of two-thirds of the SRMAs was critically low to moderate; the main limitations included deficient reporting of study selection, absolute effect estimates, sources of funding, and a priori subgroups to explore heterogeneity. Our included reviews reported > 100 estimates of effect across 11 critically important cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes. High quality SRMAs consistently and predominantly reported low to very low certainty evidence that reducing or replacing saturated fat was associated with a very small risk reduction in cancer and cardiometabolic endpoints. The risk reductions where approximately divided, some being statistically significant and some being not statistically significant. However, based on 2 moderate to high quality reviews, we found moderate certainty evidence for a small but important effect that was statistically significant for two outcomes (total mortality events [20 fewer events per 1000 followed] and combined cardiovascular events [16 fewer per 1000 followed]). Conversely, 4 moderate to high quality reviews showed very small effects on total mortality, with 3 of these reviews showing non-statistically significant mortality effects. CONCLUSION Systematic reviews investigating the impact of SFA on mortality and major cancer and cardiometabolic outcomes almost universally suggest very small absolute changes in risk, and the data is based primarily on low and very low certainty evidence. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42020172141.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhalok Ronjan Talukdar
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jeremy P Steen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua Z Goldenberg
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robin W M Vernooij
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Long Ge
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Centre, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dena Zeraatkar
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Małgorzata M Bała
- Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Geoff D C Ball
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Biostatistics Unit, St Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley C Johnston
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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39
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Zhuang P, Liu X, Li Y, Wu Y, Li H, Wan X, Zhang L, Xu C, Jiao J, Zhang Y. Circulating fatty acids, genetic risk, and incident coronary artery disease: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf9037. [PMID: 37738352 PMCID: PMC10881029 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The role of fatty acids (FAs) in primary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly debated, and the modification effect by genetic risk profiles remains unclear. Here, we report the prospective associations of circulating FAs and genetic predisposition with CAD development in 101,367 U.K. Biobank participants. A total of 3719 CAD cases occurred during a mean follow-up of 11.5 years. Plasma monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) were positively associated with risk of CAD, whereas the risk was significantly lower with higher n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) and more reductions in risk were detected among TT carriers of rs174547. Furthermore, increased plasma saturated FAs (SFAs) and linoleic acid were related to a significant increase in CAD risk among participants with high genetic risk (genetic risk score > 90%). These findings suggest that individuals with high genetic risk need to reduce plasma SFAs levels for CAD prevention. Supplementation of n-3 PUFAs for CAD prevention may consider individuals' genetic makeup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuzhi Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lange Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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40
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Kito K, Yamamoto J, Kotemori A, Nakadate M, Maruyama K, Miyazaki S, Okada C, Ishihara J, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Validity and reproducibility of the intake of trans-fatty acids estimated using a FFQ and characteristics of trans-fatty acid intake of the Japanese population: the JPHC FFQ Validation Study. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:895-903. [PMID: 36453124 PMCID: PMC10404479 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522003828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to validate a method for assessing trans-fatty acid (TFA) intake in the Japanese population using the FFQ developed in the 1990s from a prospective study that was based on the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Cohort Study. For FFQ validation, we included 565 participants (Cohort I: n 215, Cohort II: n 350) aged 40-69 years. We used a 28-d dietary record (DR) over 1 year and two FFQ administered before and after DR assessment. We calculated total TFA intake, TFA from industrial oils (i-TFA) and TFA from ruminants (r-TFA) considering a database of measurements obtained mainly from Japan. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (CC) were computed for validity and reproducibility. Energy adjustments were applied using two methods considering the TFA measurement: density method for TFA % of total energy and residual method for TFA g/d. The total TFA intake (% of the total energy intake) was 0·08-0·76 % (median, 0·27-0·37 %) in DR of both cohorts and was 0·00-1·13 % (median, 0·30-0·40 %) in FFQ. The i-TFA accounted for approximately 50 % of the total TFA intake in DR and approximately 40 % in FFQ. For total TFA (% of the total energy intake), CC were 0·54-0·69, and weighted κ coefficients were 0·88-0·92 for both cohorts. The de-attenuated CC was 0·46-0·62 for i-TFA (g/d) and 0·57-0·68 for r-TFA (g/d). Our study showed that the validity and reproducibility of TFA intake estimation using the FFQ were reasonable, suggesting its suitability among the Japanese population with low-TFA intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Kito
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo104-0045, Japan
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Chuo-Ku, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa252-5201, Japan
| | - Junpei Yamamoto
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Chuo-Ku, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa252-5201, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kotemori
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Chuo-Ku, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa252-5201, Japan
| | - Misako Nakadate
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Chuo-Ku, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa252-5201, Japan
| | - Koutatsu Maruyama
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime790-8566, Japan
| | - Saori Miyazaki
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime790-8566, Japan
| | - Chika Okada
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Junko Ishihara
- Department of Food and Life Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Chuo-Ku, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa252-5201, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo104-0045, Japan
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 1-23-1 Toyama, Sinjuku, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo162-8636, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo104-0045, Japan
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41
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Zhang X, Ding HM, Deng LF, Chen GC, Li J, He ZY, Fu L, Li JF, Jiang F, Zhang ZL, Li BY. Dietary fats and serum lipids in relation to the risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1153986. [PMID: 37781114 PMCID: PMC10538548 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1153986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous epidemiological studies investigated the association between dietary fat intakes or serum lipid levels and ovarian cancer risk, a consistent and explicit conclusion for specific dietary fats or serum lipids that increase the risk of ovarian cancer is not available. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the key dietary fats and serum lipids that increased the risk of ovarian cancer. Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for observational studies. A total of 41 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 18 cohort and 23 case-control studies (109,507 patients with ovarian cancer and 2,558,182 control/non-ovarian cancer participants). Higher dietary intakes of total fat (RR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.06-1.33, I2 = 60.3%), cholesterol (RR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.03-1.26, I2 = 19.4%), saturated fat (RR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04-1.22, I2 = 13.4%), and animal fat (RR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.01-1.43, I2 = 70.5%) were significantly associated with a higher risk of ovarian cancer. A higher level of serum triglycerides was accompanied by a higher risk of ovarian cancer (RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.02-1.72, I2 = 89.3%). This meta-analysis indicated that a higher daily intake of total fat, saturated fat, animal fat, and cholesterol and higher levels of serum triglycerides were significantly associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Feng Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ze-Yin He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-Fu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Li Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bing-Yan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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42
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Prentice RL, Vasan S, Tinker LF, Neuhouser ML, Navarro SL, Raftery D, Gowda GN, Pettinger M, Aragaki AK, Lampe JW, Huang Y, Van Horn L, Manson JE, Wallace RB, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Wactawski-Wende J, Liu S, Snetselaar L, Howard BV, Chlebowski RT, Zheng C. Metabolomics Biomarkers for Fatty Acid Intake and Biomarker-Calibrated Fatty Acid Associations with Chronic Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women. J Nutr 2023; 153:2663-2677. [PMID: 37178978 PMCID: PMC10550839 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial observational literature relating specific fatty acid classes to chronic disease risk may be limited by its reliance on self-reported dietary data. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop biomarkers for saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acid densities, and to study their associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Women's Health Initiative (WHI) cohorts. METHODS Biomarker equations were based primarily on serum and urine metabolomics profiles from an embedded WHI human feeding study (n = 153). Calibration equations were based on biomarker values in a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n = 436). Calibrated intakes were assessed in relation to disease incidence in larger WHI cohorts (n = 81,894). Participants were postmenopausal women, aged 50-79 when enrolled at 40 United States Clinical Centers (1993-1998), with a follow-up period of ∼20 y. RESULTS Biomarker equations meeting criteria were developed for SFA, MUFA, and PUFA densities. That for SFA density depended somewhat weakly on metabolite profiles. On the basis of our metabolomics platforms, biomarkers were insensitive to trans fatty acid intake. Calibration equations meeting criteria were developed for SFA and PUFA density, but not for MUFA density. With or without biomarker calibration, SFA density was associated positively with risk of CVD, cancer, and T2D, but with small hazard ratios, and CVD associations were not statistically significant after controlling for other dietary variables, including trans fatty acid and fiber intake. Following this same control, PUFA density was not significantly associated with CVD risk, but there were positive associations for some cancers and T2D, with or without biomarker calibration. CONCLUSIONS Higher SFA and PUFA diets were associated with null or somewhat higher risk for clinical outcomes considered in this population of postmenopausal United States women. Further research is needed to develop even stronger biomarkers for these fatty acid densities and their major components. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00000611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross L Prentice
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Sowmya Vasan
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Marian L Neuhouser
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sandi L Navarro
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ga Nagana Gowda
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mary Pettinger
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Aaron K Aragaki
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ying Huang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States; School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert B Wallace
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Linda Snetselaar
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Barbara V Howard
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, and MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, United States
| | | | - Cheng Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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43
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Dong Y, Song H, J Holmes A, Yan J, Ren C, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Yuan J, Cheng Y, Raubenheimer D, Cui Z. Normal diet ameliorates obesity more safely and effectively than ketogenic diet does in high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse based on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:589-605. [PMID: 37475128 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2235899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the efficacy of ketogenic diets for inducing weight loss, but there are also potential health risks due to their unbalanced nutrient composition. We aim at assessing relative effectiveness of a balanced diet and ketogenic diet for reversing metabolic syndrome in a diet-induced C57BL/6J mouse model. Mice were fed high-fat diet to induce obesity. Obese individuals were then fed either ketogenic or balanced diets as an obesity intervention. Serum, liver, fat and faecal samples were analysed. We observed that both diet interventions led to significant decrease in body weight. The ketogenic intervention was less effective in reducing adipocyte cell size and led to dyslipidaemia. The composition of the gut microbiome in the balanced diet intervention was more similar to the non-obese control group and had improved functional attributes. Our results indicate intervention with balanced diets ameliorates obesity more safely and effectively than ketogenic diets in diet-induced obesity mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Dong
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongjie Song
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Andrew J Holmes
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jiabao Yan
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cuiru Ren
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuyang Cheng
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhenwei Cui
- Centre for Sport Nutrition and Health, Centre for Nutritional Ecology, School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Reeves F, Potter BJ. Toward a Cardio-Environmental Risk Model: Environmental Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:1166-1181. [PMID: 37380103 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.06.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that strong geographic variations in cardiovascular risk cannot be explained using traditional cardiovascular risk factors alone. Indeed, it is highly unlikely that heredity and classic risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and tobacco use can explain the tenfold variation observed in cardiovascular mortality among men in Russia and those in Switzerland. Since the advent of industrialization and resultant changes to our climate, it is now clear that environmental stressors also influence cardiovascular health and our thinking around cardiovascular risk prediction is in need of a paradigm shift. Herein, we review the basis for this shift in our understanding of the interplay of environmental factors with cardiovascular health. We illustrate how air pollution, hyperprocessed foods, the amount of green space, and population activity levels are now considered the 4 major environmental determinants of cardiovascular health and provide a framework for how these considerations might be incorporated into clinical risk assessment. We also outline the clinical and socioeconomic effects of the environment on cardiovascular health and review key recommendations from major medical societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Reeves
- CHUM Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; University of Montréal School of Public Health (ESPUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Brian J Potter
- CHUM Cardiovascular Center, Department of Medicine, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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45
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Fujii R, Ando Y, Yamada H, Tsuboi Y, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Mizuno G, Maeda K, Ohashi K, Ishikawa H, Watanabe M, Imaeda N, Goto C, Wakai K, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K. Integration of methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) on dietary intake on DNA methylation levels: an example of n-3 PUFA and ABCA1 gene. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:881-887. [PMID: 37542202 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic studies have reported relationships between dietary nutrient intake and methylation levels. However, genetic variants that may affect DNA methylation (DNAm) pattern, called methylation quantitative loci (mQTL), are usually overlooked in these analyses. We investigated whether mQTL change the relationship between dietary nutrient intake and leukocyte DNAm levels with an example of estimated fatty acid intake and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). METHODS A cross-sectional study on 231 participants (108 men, mean age: 62.7 y) without clinical history of cancer and no prescriptions for dyslipidemia. We measured leukocyte DNAm levels of 8 CpG sites within ABCA1 gene by pyrosequencing method and used mean methylation levels for statistical analysis. TaqMan assay was used for genotyping a genetic variant of ABCA1 (rs1800976). Dietary fatty acid intake was estimated with a validated food frequency questionnaire and adjusted for total energy intake by using residual methods. RESULTS Mean ABCA1 DNAm levels were 5% lower with the number of minor alleles in rs1800976 (CC, 40.6%; CG, 35.9%; GG, 30.6%). Higher dietary n-3 PUFA intake was associated with lower ABCA1 DNAm levels (1st (ref) vs. 4th, β [95% CI]: -2.52 [-4.77, -0.28]). After controlling for rs180076, the association between dietary n-3 PUFA intake and ABCA1 DNAm levels was attenuated, but still showed an independent association (1st (ref) vs. 4th, β [95% CI]: -2.00 [-3.84, -0.18]). The interaction of mQTL and dietary n-3 PUFA intake on DNAm levels was not significant. CONCLUSIONS This result suggested that dietary n-3 PUFA intake would be an independent predictor of DNAm levels in ABCA1 gene after adjusting for individual genetic background. Considering mQTL need to broaden into other genes and nutrients for deeper understanding of DNA methylation, which can contribute to personalized nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
- Institute for Biomedicine (affiliated to the University of Lübeck), Eurac Research, Via Alessandro Volta 21, Bolzano/Bozen, Italy
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-1 Hara, Mure-cho, Takamatsu, Japan
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo University of Technology School of Health Sciences, 5-23-22 Nishi-Kamata, Ota-ku, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maeda
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mami Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Nahomi Imaeda
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, 55 Nakoyama, Yokonemachi, Obu, Japan
| | - Chiho Goto
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya Bunri University, 365 Maeda, Inazawa-city, Inazawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Japan.
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46
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Givens DI. Dairy foods and cardiometabolic diseases: an update and a reassessment of the impact of SFA. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:329-345. [PMID: 36740241 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and CVD are major causes of mortality and chronic morbidity. Whilst mortality from CVD has decreased they remain the largest cause of death in Europe and the prevalence of T2D is increasing rapidly. A consistent component of public health advice is to reduce intake of SFA to reduce CVD in particular, which implies limiting dairy food consumption. The prospective studies and randomised controlled trials included in this review show that for dairy foods at least, SFA are not consistently associated with CVD or T2D risk. For CVD the association with dairy foods is generally neutral despite dairy foods being the major source of SFA in many diets. This creates considerable doubt, at least for dairy foods, concerning the validity of the traditional diet-heart hypothesis which positively relates SFA intake to increased serum LDL-cholesterol and subsequent increased CVD. There is now emerging evidence to explain this which is highly relevant to dairy foods. These include the potentially counterbalancing effect of SFA-stimulated HDL-cholesterol and specific food matrix factors. In addition, SFA are associated with the less atherogenic large buoyant LDL particles and possible counterbalancing hypotensive effects of dairy proteins. Overall, dairy foods have either a neutral or beneficial association with CVD and T2D. Beneficial associations are seen for blood pressure and the reduced T2D risk linked to yoghurt consumption, a subject that needs urgent attention given the sharp rise in T2D prevalence in many countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ian Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
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47
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Virani SS, Newby LK, Arnold SV, Bittner V, Brewer LC, Demeter SH, Dixon DL, Fearon WF, Hess B, Johnson HM, Kazi DS, Kolte D, Kumbhani DJ, LoFaso J, Mahtta D, Mark DB, Minissian M, Navar AM, Patel AR, Piano MR, Rodriguez F, Talbot AW, Taqueti VR, Thomas RJ, van Diepen S, Wiggins B, Williams MS. 2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:833-955. [PMID: 37480922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease" provides an update to and consolidates new evidence since the "2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease" and the corresponding "2014 ACC/AHA/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Focused Update of the Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease." METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from September 2021 to May 2022. Clinical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and other evidence conducted on human participants were identified that were published in English from MEDLINE (through PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. STRUCTURE This guideline provides an evidenced-based and patient-centered approach to management of patients with chronic coronary disease, considering social determinants of health and incorporating the principles of shared decision-making and team-based care. Relevant topics include general approaches to treatment decisions, guideline-directed management and therapy to reduce symptoms and future cardiovascular events, decision-making pertaining to revascularization in patients with chronic coronary disease, recommendations for management in special populations, patient follow-up and monitoring, evidence gaps, and areas in need of future research. Where applicable, and based on availability of cost-effectiveness data, cost-value recommendations are also provided for clinicians. Many recommendations from previously published guidelines have been updated with new evidence, and new recommendations have been created when supported by published data.
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48
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Virani SS, Newby LK, Arnold SV, Bittner V, Brewer LC, Demeter SH, Dixon DL, Fearon WF, Hess B, Johnson HM, Kazi DS, Kolte D, Kumbhani DJ, LoFaso J, Mahtta D, Mark DB, Minissian M, Navar AM, Patel AR, Piano MR, Rodriguez F, Talbot AW, Taqueti VR, Thomas RJ, van Diepen S, Wiggins B, Williams MS. 2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2023; 148:e9-e119. [PMID: 37471501 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2023 AHA/ACC/ACCP/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline for the Management of Patients With Chronic Coronary Disease" provides an update to and consolidates new evidence since the "2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease" and the corresponding "2014 ACC/AHA/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Focused Update of the Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease." METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from September 2021 to May 2022. Clinical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and other evidence conducted on human participants were identified that were published in English from MEDLINE (through PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. STRUCTURE This guideline provides an evidenced-based and patient-centered approach to management of patients with chronic coronary disease, considering social determinants of health and incorporating the principles of shared decision-making and team-based care. Relevant topics include general approaches to treatment decisions, guideline-directed management and therapy to reduce symptoms and future cardiovascular events, decision-making pertaining to revascularization in patients with chronic coronary disease, recommendations for management in special populations, patient follow-up and monitoring, evidence gaps, and areas in need of future research. Where applicable, and based on availability of cost-effectiveness data, cost-value recommendations are also provided for clinicians. Many recommendations from previously published guidelines have been updated with new evidence, and new recommendations have been created when supported by published data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dave L Dixon
- Former Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guideline member; current member during the writing effort
| | - William F Fearon
- Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions representative
| | | | | | | | - Dhaval Kolte
- AHA/ACC Joint Committee on Clinical Data Standards
| | | | | | | | - Daniel B Mark
- Former Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guideline member; current member during the writing effort
| | | | | | | | - Mariann R Piano
- Former Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guideline member; current member during the writing effort
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49
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Jayedi A, Soltani S, Emadi A, Ghods K, Shab-Bidar S. Dietary intake, biomarkers and supplementation of fatty acids and risk of coronary events: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective observational studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37632423 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2251583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to review the association of dietary fats and risk of coronary events in adults. We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Sciences to April 2022 for prospective cohorts and randomized trials investigating the association of dietary intake and biomarkers of fats and fatty acid interventions and the risk of coronary events. We performed random-effects meta-analyses to estimate relative risk (RR) for the top versus bottom tertiles of exposures. One-hundered sixty-five prospective cohorts and randomized trials were included. Dietary intake and biomarkers of total fat and saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were not associated with the risk of coronary events. Dietary intake of trans fatty acids, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and saturated fatty acids from meat and unprocessed meat was modestly associated with a higher risk and, in contrast, intake of alpha-linolenic acid, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, and linoleic acid was modestly associated with a lower risk. Supplementation with long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and increasing the consumption of alpha-linolenic and linoleic acids in place of saturated fats reduced the risk of coronary events. Existing evidence, in its totality, provides a modest support in favor of current recommendations suggesting replacement of saturated fats with polyunsaturated fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Emadi
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghods
- School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Minas TZ, Lord BD, Zhang AL, Candia J, Dorsey TH, Baker FS, Tang W, Bailey-Whyte M, Smith CJ, Obadi OM, Ajao A, Jordan SV, Tettey Y, Biritwum RB, Adjei AA, Mensah JE, Hoover RN, Hsing AW, Liu J, Loffredo CA, Yates C, Cook MB, Ambs S. Circulating trans fatty acids are associated with prostate cancer in Ghanaian and American men. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4322. [PMID: 37468456 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between fatty acids and prostate cancer remains poorly explored in African-descent populations. Here, we analyze 24 circulating fatty acids in 2934 men, including 1431 prostate cancer cases and 1503 population controls from Ghana and the United States, using CLIA-certified mass spectrometry-based assays. We investigate their associations with population groups (Ghanaian, African American, European American men), lifestyle factors, the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genetic locus, and prostate cancer. Blood levels of circulating fatty acids vary significantly between the three population groups, particularly trans, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. FADS1/2 germline genetic variants and lifestyle factors explain some of the variation in fatty acid levels, with the FADS1/2 locus showing population-specific associations, suggesting differences in their control by germline genetic factors. All trans fatty acids, namely elaidic, palmitelaidic, and linoelaidic acids, associated with an increase in the odds of developing prostate cancer, independent of ancestry, geographic location, or potential confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsion Zewdu Minas
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Brittany D Lord
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy L Zhang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julián Candia
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Francine S Baker
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Science & Artificial Intelligence, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Maeve Bailey-Whyte
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Cheryl J Smith
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Obadi M Obadi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anuoluwapo Ajao
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Symone V Jordan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yao Tettey
- University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | | | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, NCI, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ann W Hsing
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, NCI, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael B Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, NCI, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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