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Tan X, Li R, Ma H, Yuchi Y, Liao W, Hou X, Zhao Z. Physical activity diminished adverse associations of obesity with lipid metabolism in the population of rural regions of China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2167-2179. [PMID: 37086064 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2203907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The interactive effects of obesity and physical inactivity on lipid metabolism and prevalent dyslipidemia are scarcely reported in rural regions. 39029 subjects were obtained from the Henan Rural Cohort, and their metabolic equivalents (METs) of physical activity (PA) were computed. Independent associations of the obesity indices and PA with either lipid indices or prevalent dyslipidemia were analyzed by generalized linear models, and additive effects of obesity and PA on prevalent dyslipidemia were further quantified. Each obesity index was positively associated with total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein or prevalent dyslipidemia but negatively associated with high-density lipoprotein, whereas the opposite association of PA with either each lipid index or prevalent dyslipidemia was observed. Joint association of PA and each obesity index with each lipid index and prevalent dyslipidemia was observed. Furthermore, the association of each obesity index in association with each lipid index was attenuated by increased PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Tan
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - He Ma
- Health Service and Management Undergraduate, Shangzhen College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yinghao Yuchi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zijian Zhao
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
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Wang P, Liu XL, Jiang ZZ, Long Y, Gao CL, Huang W, Tan XZ, Ma XM, Xu Y. Effect of proanthocyanidins on blood lipids: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2154-2164. [PMID: 38391003 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PCs) are natural antioxidant polyphenols and their effect on the regulation of blood lipids is still controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of PCs on lipid metabolism. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese biomedical literature service system, China National Knowledge Internet, and Wanfang Data with no time restriction until March 18, 2022, using various forms of "proanthocyanidins" and "blood lipid" search terms. Randomized controlled trials investigating the relationship between PCs and lipid metabolism were included. The standard system of Cochrane Collaboration was used to assess the quality of studies. We standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects model, Cohen approach. Seventeen studies (17 trials, N = 1138) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. PCs significantly reduced triglyceride, and increased recombinant apolipoprotein A1. Subgroup analysis showed a significant reduction in triglycerides in older adults (≥60 years) and total cholesterol for participants who were not overweight or obese (body mass index <24). An intervention duration of greater than 8 weeks reduced triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Different doses of PCs could regulate triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. PCs have beneficial effects on circulating lipids and may represent a new approach for treating or preventing lipid metabolism disorders. However, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Xue Lian Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, PR China
| | - Zong Zhe Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Long
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Chen Lin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhen Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Xiu Mei Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, PR China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou, PR China
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, PR China
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Raffin J, Rolland Y, Genoux A, Combes G, Croyal M, Perret B, Guyonnet S, Vellas B, Martinez LO, de Souto Barreto P. Associations between physical activity levels and ATPase inhibitory factor 1 concentrations in older adults. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:409-418. [PMID: 37748689 PMCID: PMC11116968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine triphosphatase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) is a key protein involved in energy metabolism. IF1 has been linked to various age-related diseases, although its relationship with physical activity (PA) remains unclear. Additionally, the apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), a PA-modulated lipoprotein, could play a role in this relationship because it shares a binding site with IF1 on the cell-surface ATP synthase. We examined here the associations between chronic PA and plasma IF1 concentrations among older adults, and we investigated whether apoA-I mediated these associations. METHODS In the present work, 1096 healthy adults (63.8% females) aged 70 years and over who were involved in the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial study were included. IF1 plasma concentrations (square root of ng/mL) were measured at the 1-year visit of the Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial, while PA levels (square root of metabolic equivalent task min/week) were assessed using questionnaires administered each year from baseline to the 3-year visit. Multiple linear regressions were performed to investigate the associations between the first-year mean PA levels and IF1 concentrations. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether apoA-I mediated these associations. Mixed-effect linear regressions were carried out to investigate whether the 1-year visit IF1 concentrations predicted subsequent changes in PA. RESULTS Multiple linear regressions indicated that first-year mean PA levels were positively associated with IF1 concentrations (B = 0.021; SE = 0.010; p = 0.043). Mediation analyses revealed that about 37.7% of this relationship was mediated by apoA-I (Bab = 0.008; SE = 0.004; p = 0.023). Longitudinal investigations demonstrated that higher concentrations of IF1 at the 1-year visit predicted a faster decline in PA levels over the subsequent 2 years (time × IF1: B = -0.148; SE = 0.066; p = 0.025). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that regular PA is associated with plasma IF1 concentrations, and it suggests that apoA-I partly mediates this association. Additionally, this study finds that baseline concentrations of IF1 can predict future changes in PA. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Raffin
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France.
| | - Yves Rolland
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
| | - Annelise Genoux
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France; Service de Biochimie, Pôle de biologie, Hôpital de Purpan, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31300, France
| | - Guillaume Combes
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France
| | - Mikael Croyal
- L'Institut du Thorax, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France; BioCore, US16, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Bonamy, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes Université, Nantes 44000, France; Plate-forme de spectrométrie de masse, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition HumaineOuest, Nantes 44000, France
| | - Bertrand Perret
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France; Service de Biochimie, Pôle de biologie, Hôpital de Purpan, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31300, France
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
| | - Laurent O Martinez
- LimitAging Team, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1297, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31432, France.
| | - Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Institut du Vieillissement, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France; Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1295, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France
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Lee KH, Lee EH, Lee KN, Park Y, Song YG, Han KD, Han SH. Physical Activity and the incidence of sepsis: A 10-year observational study among 4 million adults. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2024:S1684-1182(24)00077-X. [PMID: 38704274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the group at high risk for sepsis is increasing with the aging of the population, physical activity (PA), which has beneficial effects on various diseases, needs to be considered as a personalized prevention strategy for sepsis without direct anti-sepsis drug. PURPOSE To examine the association between the amount of PA (based on intensity, duration, and frequency) and the incidence rates of sepsis and mortality after sepsis. METHODS This was a large-scale, retrospective, longitudinal cohort study using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service and the biennial general health screening program. The amount of PA self-reported at the time of the health screening was categorized as non-PA, mild (<500 metabolic equivalents [METs]-Min/Week), moderate (500-1000), severe (1000-1500), and extreme (≥1500). The multivariable regression model was adjusted for age, sex, income, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic diseases. RESULTS From 4,234,415 individuals who underwent a health screening in 2009, 3,929,165 subjects were selected after exclusion for wash-out period and a 1-year lag period, and then observed for the event of sepsis or all-cause death until December 2020. During a median 10.3 years of follow-up, 83,011 incidents of sepsis were detected. The moderate-PA group showed the lowest incidence (1.56/1000 person-years) and risk for sepsis, with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 0.73 (95% CI, 0.72-0.75, P < 0.001) compared with the non-PA group. The occurrence of sepsis among people aged ≥65 years and ex-smokers were significantly lower in the moderate-PA group (aHR; 0.77, 95% CI; 0.74-0.79; and 0.68, 0.64-0.71, respectively, Ps < 0.001). The long-term all-cause mortality after sepsis was significantly lower in the PA group than in the non-PA group (overall P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of sepsis, especially in elderly people who have the highest incidence of sepsis. The protective effects of aerobic PA on sepsis might need to be incorporated with other interventions in sepsis guidelines through the accumulation of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Hwa Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Na Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yebin Park
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Goo Song
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Han
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Bhale AS, Meilhac O, d'Hellencourt CL, Vijayalakshmi MA, Venkataraman K. Cholesterol transport and beyond: Illuminating the versatile functions of HDL apolipoproteins through structural insights and functional implications. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38661230 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) play a vital role in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health, as they are intricately involved in cholesterol transport and inflammation modulation. The proteome of HDL particles is indeed complex and distinct from other components in the bloodstream. Proteomics studies have identified nearly 285 different proteins associated with HDL; however, this review focuses more on the 15 or so traditionally named "apo" lipoproteins. Important lipid metabolizing enzymes closely working with the apolipoproteins are also discussed. Apolipoproteins stand out for their integral role in HDL stability, structure, function, and metabolism. The unique structure and functions of each apolipoprotein influence important processes such as inflammation regulation and lipid metabolism. These interactions also shape the stability and performance of HDL particles. HDLs apolipoproteins have multifaceted roles beyond cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and are involved in various physiological processes and disease states. Therefore, a detailed exploration of these apolipoproteins can offer valuable insights into potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. This comprehensive review article aims to provide an in-depth understanding of HDL apolipoproteins, highlighting their distinct structures, functions, and contributions to various physiological processes. Exploiting this knowledge holds great potential for improving HDL function, enhancing cholesterol efflux, and modulating inflammatory processes, ultimately benefiting individuals by limiting the risks associated with CVDs and other inflammation-based pathologies. Understanding the nature of all 15 apolipoproteins expands our knowledge of HDL metabolism, sheds light on their pathological implications, and paves the way for advancements in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of lipid and inflammatory-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Sudam Bhale
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Christian Lefebvre d'Hellencourt
- Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France
| | | | - Krishnan Venkataraman
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Chu C, Liu S, Nie L, Hu H, Liu Y, Yang J. The interactions and biological pathways among metabolomics products of patients with coronary heart disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116305. [PMID: 38422653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Through bioinformatics analysis, this study explores the interactions and biological pathways involving metabolomic products in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS A comprehensive search for relevant studies focusing on metabolomics analysis in CHD patients was conducted across databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Nature, Web of Science, Springer, and Science Direct. Metabolites reported in the literature underwent statistical analysis and summarization, with the identification of differential metabolites. The pathways associated with these metabolites were examined using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Molecular annotation of metabolites and their relationships with enzymes or transporters were elucidated through analysis with the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB). Visual representation of the properties related to these metabolites was achieved using Metabolomics Pathway Analysis (metPA). RESULTS A total of 13 literatures satisfying the criteria for enrollment were included. A total of 91 metabolites related to CHD were preliminarily screened, and 87 effective metabolites were obtained after the unrecognized metabolites were excluded. A total of 45 pathways were involved. Through the topology analysis (TPA) of pathways, their influence values were calculated, and 13 major metabolic pathways were selected. The pathways such as Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle), Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism primarily involved the regulation of processes and metabolites related to inflammation, oxidative stress, one-carbon metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and nitric oxide expression. CONCLUSION Multiple pathways, including Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle), Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, were involved in the occurrence of CHD. The occurrence of CHD is primarily associated with the regulation of processes and metabolites related to inflammation, oxidative stress, one-carbon metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and nitric oxide expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Shengquan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Liangui Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Hongming Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province 421001, China.
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Zhang H, Lin L, Yang A, Liang Y, Huang B. Scutellarin alleviates tensile stress-induced proliferation and migration of venous smooth muscle cells via mediating the p38 MAPK pathway. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102300. [PMID: 38211409 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal proliferation and migration of biomechanical force-induced venous smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a major cause to limit the efficacy of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for coronary heart disease (CHD). Scutellarin is the main active ingredient of Erigeron Breviscapus, and has broad-spectrum pharmacological effects. Therefore, the present study was proposed to investigate the effect of Scutellarin on VSMCs under tensile stress. METHODS After interfering with VSMCs at different tensile stresses, the optimal tensile stress was screened. In a tensile stress environment, 100 μM Scutellarin and Hesperetin (p38 MAPK pathway activator) was used to treatment with VSMCs. CCK-8, EDU, Wound healing, flow cytometry and western blotting assays were used to detect cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Caspase3, Bcl2 and Bax). RESULTS Tensile stress with 10% significantly enhanced the activity, wound-healing ratio, and EDU+ cells of VSMCs, and decreased their apoptosis ratio. Moreover, it upregulated Bcl2 expression, and downregulated cleaved-Caspase3 and Bax expression of VSMCs. Hence, 10% tensile stress was selected to creates a tensile stress environment for VSMCs. Interestingly, 100 μM Scutellarin alleviated the effect of 10% tensile stress on the phenotype of VSMCs. Notably, 10% tensile stress increased the phosphorylation level of p38 MAPK (Thr180 +Tyr182) in VSMCs, which was restricted by Scutellarin. Further, Hesperetin restored the effect of Scutellarin on the phenotype of VSMCs. CONCLUSION Scutellarin alleviates tension stress-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs via suppressing p38 MAPK pathway. Scutellarin may be used as an adjunctive strategy for future GABG treatment in CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- Departments of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Departments of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Ailing Yang
- Departments of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yasha Liang
- Departments of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China.
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Ikeda T, Komiyama H, Miyakuni T, Takano M, Asai K. Exploring Possible Links: Thigh Muscle Mass, Apolipoproteins, and Glucose Metabolism in Peripheral Artery Disease-Insights from a Pilot Sub-Study following Endovascular Treatment. Metabolites 2024; 14:192. [PMID: 38668320 PMCID: PMC11052193 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) compromises walking and physical activity, which results in further loss of skeletal muscle. The cross-sectional area of the thigh muscle has been shown to be correlated with systemic skeletal muscle volume. In our previous pilot study, we observed an increase in thigh muscle mass following endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with proximal vascular lesions affecting the aortoiliac and femoropopliteal arteries. Considering the potential interactions between skeletal muscle, lipid profile, and glucose metabolism, we aimed to investigate the relationship between thigh muscle mass and apolipoproteins as well as glucose metabolism in PAD patients undergoing EVT. This study is a prespecified sub-study conducted as part of a pilot study. We prospectively enrolled 22 symptomatic patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and above-the-knee lesions, specifically involving the blood vessels supplying the thigh muscle. The mid-thigh muscle area was measured with computed tomography before and 6 months after undergoing EVT. Concurrently, we measured levels of apolipoproteins A1 (Apo A1) and B (Apo B), fasting blood glucose, 2 h post-load blood glucose (using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Changes in thigh muscle area (delta muscle area: 2.5 ± 8.1 cm2) did not show significant correlations with changes in Apo A1, Apo B, fasting glucose, 2 h post-oral glucose tolerance test blood glucose, HbA1c, or Rutherford classification. However, among patients who experienced an increase in thigh muscle area following EVT (delta muscle area: 8.41 ± 5.93 cm2), there was a significant increase in Apo A1 (pre: 121.8 ± 15.1 mg/dL, 6 months: 136.5 ± 19.5 mg/dL, p < 0.001), while Apo B remained unchanged (pre: 76.4 ± 19.2 mg/dL, 6 months: 80.5 ± 4.9 mg/dL). Additionally, post-oral glucose tolerance test 2 h blood glucose levels showed a decrease (pre: 189.7 ± 67.5 mg/dL, 6 months: 170.6 ± 69.7 mg/dL, p = 0.075). Patients who exhibited an increase in thigh muscle area demonstrated more favorable metabolic changes compared to those with a decrease in thigh muscle area (delta muscle area: -4.67 ± 2.41 cm2). This pilot sub-study provides insights into the effects of EVT on thigh muscle, apolipoproteins, and glucose metabolism in patients with PAD and above-the-knee lesions. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and establish their clinical significance. The trial was registered on the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000047534).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ikeda
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (T.I.); (K.A.)
| | - Hidenori Komiyama
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Miyakuni
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba 270-1613, Japan; (T.M.)
| | - Masamichi Takano
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba 270-1613, Japan; (T.M.)
| | - Kuniya Asai
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan; (T.I.); (K.A.)
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9
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Xia Y, Gao D, Wang X, Liu B, Shan X, Sun Y, Ma D. Role of Treg cell subsets in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331609. [PMID: 38558816 PMCID: PMC10978666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In the genesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases involving both innate and adaptive immune responses, inflammation plays a pivotal and dual role. Studies in experimental animals indicate that certain immune responses are protective, while others exacerbate the disease. T-helper (Th) 1 cell immune responses are recognized as key drivers of inflammatory progression in cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, the CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are gaining increasing attention for their roles in inflammation and immune regulation. Given the critical role of Tregs in maintaining immune-inflammatory balance and homeostasis, abnormalities in their generation or function might lead to aberrant immune responses, thereby initiating pathological changes. Numerous preclinical studies and clinical trials have unveiled the central role of Tregs in cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis. Here, we review the roles and mechanisms of Treg subsets in cardiovascular conditions like atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction and remodeling, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. While the precise molecular mechanisms of Tregs in cardiac protection remain elusive, therapeutic strategies targeting Tregs present a promising new direction for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yunpeng Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dashi Ma
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Zeng Q, Jiang T. Molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in cardiovascular disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04940-2. [PMID: 38374233 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04940-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly recognized type of regulated cell death that is characterized by the accumulation of iron and lipid peroxides in cells. Studies have shown that ferroptosis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. In cardiovascular disease, ferroptosis is associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and atherosclerosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis include the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, glutathione depletion, and dysregulation of lipid metabolism, among others. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in cardiovascular disease and discuss the potential therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis as a treatment for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Tingting Jiang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
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11
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Chen J, Luo Q, Su Y, Wang J, Fang Z, Luo F. Effects of physical activity on the levels of remnant cholesterol: A population-based study. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18062. [PMID: 38018906 PMCID: PMC10844695 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has the potential to bring about favourable changes in plasma lipid profile. However, the relationship between PA and remnant cholesterol (RC) remains unclear. We aimed to study the link between PA and RC using the database of the 2007-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). PA was categorized based on Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. A multivariate linear regression model was used to determine the correlations between PA and RC. The study involved a total of 18,396 participants and revealed that individuals whose PA met the guidelines by engaging in moderate-intensity PA at least 150 min per week had lower body mass index and showed decreased levels of triglyceride, TC, and haemoglobin A1c compared to those who were physically inactive, exercising <150 min per week. Participants whose intensity of PA meets PA guidelines had a lower level of RC than those who did not met PA guidelines (β = -1.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.9 to -0.7, p < 0.001), even after adjusting for confounders. During subgroup analysis, we observed that race (pinteraction = 0.0089) emerged as a significant factor of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Chen
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Qin Luo
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Yingjie Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunanChina
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zhenfei Fang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Fei Luo
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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12
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Jouhki I, Sarin HV, Jauhiainen M, O'Connell TM, Isola V, Ahtiainen JP, Hulmi JJ, Perola M. Effects of fat loss and low energy availability on the serum cardiometabolic profile of physique athletes. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14553. [PMID: 38268074 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Low energy availability (LEA) is a health concern for athletes, although it may paradoxically lead to improved cardiometabolic health in the general population. We investigated the associations between LEA, body composition, and serum cardiometabolic profile in 23 physique athletes (DIET) and 21 controls (CONT) during a 5-month pre-competition diet (MID), followed by 1 week of increased energy availability (COMP) and a 5-month weight regain period (POST). Quantification of 250 serum metabolome variables was conducted by NMR spectroscopy, body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, dietary intake by food diaries, and exercise levels by training logs. Body fat percentage decreased from 19.5 ± 7.0% to 8.3 ± 5.3% (p < 0.001) in DIET through increased exercise levels and decreased energy intake, while CONT maintained those constant. In MID, DIET had increased (FDR < 0.01) HDL cholesterol, HDL particle size and number, and decreased (FDR < 0.05) VLDL lipids, serum triglycerides, and low-grade inflammation (glycoprotein acetyls) compared to baseline and CONT. The changes were associated with reduced android fat mass (-78 ± 13%) and energy intake (-28 ± 10%). In COMP, most of the metabolic changes found in MID persisted, except for altered triglycerides in all lipoprotein classes. After weight regain in POST, serum metabolome, body composition, energy intake, and exercise levels had reverted to baseline levels. In conclusion, fat loss and LEA may have beneficial yet transient effects on the serum cardiometabolic profile of lean individuals. Especially the HDL lipidome and lipoprotein triglycerides offer potential novel biomarkers for detecting LEA in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Jouhki
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - H V Sarin
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Minerva Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - T M O'Connell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - V Isola
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, NeuroMuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J P Ahtiainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, NeuroMuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J J Hulmi
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, NeuroMuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - M Perola
- Genomics and Biomarkers Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Wen Q, Ma QH, Li LZ, Song XW, Han HK, Huang GY, Tang XL. Research trends and hotspots in exercise rehabilitation for coronary heart disease: A bibliometric analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36511. [PMID: 38115268 PMCID: PMC10727657 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise rehabilitation can improve the prognosis of patients with coronary heart disease. However, a bibliometric analysis of the global exercise rehabilitation for coronary heart disease (CHD) research topic is lacking. This study investigated the development trends and research hotspots in the field of coronary heart disease and exercise rehabilitation. CiteSpace software was used to analyze the literature on exercise therapy for CHD in the Web of Science Core Collection database. We analyzed the data of countries/institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and cited references. A total of 3485 peer-reviewed papers were found, and the number of publications on the topic has steadily increased. The most productive country is the USA (1125), followed by China (477) and England (399). The top 3 active academic institutions are Research Libraries UK (RLUK) (236), Harvard University (152), and the University of California System (118). The most commonly cited journals are Circulation (2596), The most commonly cited references are "Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease" (75), Lavie CJ had published the most papers (48). World Health Organization was the most influential author (334 citations). The research frontier trends in this field are body composition, participation, and function. Research on the effects of physical activity or exercise on patients with CHD is a focus of continuous exploration in this field. This study provides a new scientific perspective for exercise rehabilitation and CHD research and gives researchers valuable information for detecting the current research status, hotspots, and emerging trends for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine 1, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun-Hua Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine 1, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin-Zhang Li
- Comprehensive care unit, Chengdu Wen jiang District People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Wu Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine 1, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu-Kui Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine 1, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Gui-Yu Huang
- General Ward 2, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Li Tang
- General Ward 2, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China
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14
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Fang F, Huang Y, Liu Z, Liu X, Huang X. Correlation analysis of central arterial pressure parameters and the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36466. [PMID: 38050197 PMCID: PMC10695555 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the correlation between central arterial pressure (CAP) parameters and the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries, understand the value of CAP in assessing the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of CHD. Between January 2021 and January 2022, 224 patients admitted to our hospital for complete coronary angiography (CAG) were included in this retrospective study. CAP parameters, including central systolic pressure (CSP), diastolic pressure (CDP), and pulse pressure (CPP), and Gensini scores were collected; the association between CAP parameters and the severity of coronary lesions was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and multivariate regression analysis. CPP was significantly higher in the coronary multi-branch lesion group than in the single-branch lesion group in patients with CHD (P < .05). CSP, CDP, and CPP were significantly higher in the high Gensini score group than in the low Gensini score group for coronary vascular lesions; furthermore, CSP and CPP were significantly higher in the high Gensini score group than in the medium Gensini score group (P < .05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that CSP and CPP were positively and CDP was negatively correlated with the severity of coronary artery lesions in patients with CHD (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of diabetes, CSP, CDP, and CPP were independent risk factors for severe atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries (P < .05). noninvasive CAP-related indices, such as CSP, CDP, and CPP, are independently correlated with and can be used to predict the severity of coronary lesions in patients with CHD, which may be beneficial for guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changde Vocational and Technical College, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changde Vocational and Technical College, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Changde First Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicien, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Orthopedics Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhuzhou City, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Hengyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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15
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Begue F, Apalama ML, Lambert G, Meilhac O. HDL as a Treatment Target: Should We Abandon This Idea? Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:1093-1099. [PMID: 38051472 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW High-density lipoproteins (HDL) have long been regarded as an antiatherogenic lipoprotein species by virtue of their role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), as well as their established anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. For decades, HDL have been an extremely appealing therapeutic target to combat atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). RECENT FINDINGS Unfortunately, neither increasing HDL with drugs nor direct infusions of reconstituted HDL have convincedly proven to be positive strategies for cardiovascular health, raising the question of whether we should abandon the idea of considering HDL as a treatment target. The results of two large clinical trials, one testing the latest CETP inhibitor Obicetrapib and the other testing the infusion of patients post-acute coronary events with reconstituted HDL, are still awaited. If they prove negative, these trials will seal the fate of HDL as a direct therapeutic target. However, using HDL as a therapeutic agent still holds promise if we manage to optimize their beneficial properties for not only ASCVD but also outside the cardiovascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floran Begue
- Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97410, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Marie Laurine Apalama
- Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97410, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Gilles Lambert
- Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97410, Saint-Pierre, France.
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97410, Saint-Pierre, France
- CHU de La Réunion, 97400, Saint-Denis, France
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16
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Li JX, Zhong QQ, Yuan SX, Zhu F. Trends in deaths and disability-adjusted life-years of stroke attributable to low physical activity worldwide, 1990-2019. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2242. [PMID: 37964255 PMCID: PMC10644476 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17162-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low physical activity (LPA) is linked to the risk of stroke, but the disease burden of stroke attributable to LPA needs to be understood to develop effective preventive strategies. We aim to assess spatiotemporal trends in the global burden of stroke attributable to LPA from 1990 to 2019. METHODS Based on the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, our research examined deaths, the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), the Age-Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR), the Age-Standardized DALY Rate (ASDR), and the Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) for stroke attributable to LPA. RESULTS Deaths and DALYs were on the rise worldwide from 1990 to 2019, with increases of 72.72% for the former and 67.41% for the latter; ASMR and ASDR decreased, with the ASMR-related EAPC of -1.61 (95% CI:-1.71--1.5) and ASDR-related EAPC of -1.35 (95% CI:-1.43--1.27); females had more numbers of deaths and DALYs, and the majorities of deaths and DALYs were shared by those aged ≥ 70. The highest burden rates were shared by North Africa, the Middle East, and Tropical Latin America; the ASMR-related EAPC was associated with the ASMR in 1990 (R = -0.26, P < 0.001) and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) across different countries in 2019 (R = -0.61, P < 0.001), respectively, and such patterns were similar to what ASDR and the ASDR-related EAPC had; the Human Development Index (HDI) in 2019 was associated with the ASMR-related EAPC (R = 0.63, P < 0.001) and the ASDR-related EAPC across different countries (R = -0.62, P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Globally, deaths and DALYs of stroke attributable to LPA were on the rise, although their age-standardized rates presented downward over the past three decades; the burden of stroke attributable to LPA showed upward trends especially in those aged ≥ 70 and females in the regions of East Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East, which need more attention to the effects of physical activity on health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiao Li
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Departments of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Zhong
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Departments of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Xiang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
- Departments of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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Lönn A, Börjesson M, Hambraeus K, Ekblom Ö. Changes in Physical Activity and Incidence of Nonfatal Cardiovascular Events in 47 153 Survivors of Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030583. [PMID: 37804194 PMCID: PMC10757539 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The majority of patients survive the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI) but have an increased risk of recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. To be regularly physically active or change activity level is associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. The objective was to explore to what extent physical activity (PA) levels or change in PA levels during the first year post-MI was associated with any recurrent nonfatal CVD events and specific CVD events (eg, MI, ischemic stroke, and vascular dementia). Methods and Results This cohort study among MI survivors was based on Swedish national registries between 2005 and 2020. PA levels were self-rated at 2 and 12 months post-MI, and patients were classified into remaining physically inactive, increasing, decreasing, or remaining active. A total of 6534 nonfatal CVD events occurred during 6 years of follow-up among the 47 153 included patients. In fully adjusted analyses, the risk of any nonfatal CVD event was lower (P<0.05) among patients remaining active (37%), increasing (22%), or decreasing (18%) PA level compared with remaining inactive. Compared with remaining inactive, the risk of recurring MI and stroke was lower (P>0.05) among remaining active (41% versus 52%, respectively), increasing (20% versus 35%, respectively), or decreasing PA level (24% versus 34%, respectively). For vascular dementia, patients remaining physically active had an 80% lower risk compared with remaining inactive (P<0.05). Conclusions Remaining physically active or change in PA levels during the first year post-MI was associated with a lower risk of recurrent nonfatal CVD events. This emphasizes the importance of supporting patients to continue to be or become physically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lönn
- Department of Physical Activity and HealthThe Swedish School of Sport and Health SciencesStockholmSweden
- Women’s Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme Medical Unit Occupational Therapy and PhysiotherapyKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department of MGAÖSahlgrenska University Hospital, Region of Västra GötalandGothenburgSweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | | | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and HealthThe Swedish School of Sport and Health SciencesStockholmSweden
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18
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Zhu R, Yang J, Zhai Z, Zhao H, Jiang F, Sun C, Liu X, Hou J, Dou P, Wang C. The associations between sleep timing and night sleep duration with dyslipidemia in a rural population: The Henan Rural Cohort Study. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1261-1269. [PMID: 37781878 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2262565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Evidence linking sleep timing and night sleep duration to dyslipidemia was limited and inconclusive, especially among low- and middle-income adults. The aims were to evaluate the associations between sleep timing, night sleep duration and dyslipidemia in a rural population. Based on the Henan Rural Cohort Study, a total of 37 164 participants were included. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to collect sleep information. Logistic regression and restrictive cubic splines were conducted to explore the associations. Of the 37 164 enrolled participants, 13881 suffered from dyslipidemia. Compared to the reference groups, people who went to sleep after 23:00 or woke up after 7:30 had higher prevalence of dyslipidemia, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)were 1.30 (1.20-1.41) and 1.34 (1.19-1.50). The adjusted OR (95%CI) of participants in the Late-sleep/Late-rise category compared to the Early-sleep/Early-rise category was 1.55 (1.08-1.23). Compared to the reference (7~≤8 h), the adjusted OR (95%CI) was 1.11 (1.03-1.20) for longer (>9 h) night sleep duration. Moreover, the combined effects of sleep duration (>9 h) with sleep time (22:00~) (OR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.16-1.84), sleep duration (>9 h) with wake-up time (≥7:30) (OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.08-1.51), and sleep duration (>9 h) with the Late-sleep/Late-rise category (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.14-1.75) increased the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Accordingly, our results indicate that delayed sleep timing and longer night sleep duration had independent and joint effects on higher risks of dyslipidemia in rural population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhihan Zhai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Hongfei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Chunyang Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ping Dou
- Department of Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
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19
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Luo ZW, Sun YY, Xia W, Xu JY, Xie DJ, Jiao CM, Dong JZ, Chen H, Wan RW, Chen SY, Mei J, Mao WJ. Physical exercise reverses immuno-cold tumor microenvironment via inhibiting SQLE in non-small cell lung cancer. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:39. [PMID: 37592367 PMCID: PMC10436398 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ya-Ying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Ying Xu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Jing Xie
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Meng Jiao
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ji-Ze Dong
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Institute of Acupuncture Research, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ren-Wen Wan
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Shi-Yi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wen-Jun Mao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
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20
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Shanmugamprema D, Muthuswamy K, Ponnusamy V, Subramanian G, Vasanthakumar K, Krishnan V, Subramaniam S. Exercise modifies fatty acid perception and metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 238:e13968. [PMID: 36971699 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM Obesity is a major public health issue, which is associated with several chronic diseases. In rodents, voluntary wheel running (VWR) is a type of exercise that influences ingestive behavior. This study aims to investigate the possible function of VWR activity in the perception of fat taste and if it mitigates the immediate effects of fatty acid (FA) ingestion. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were arbitrarily assigned to either a sedentary (SED) lifestyle or free access to a running wheel after 5 weeks of dietary regimen. Later these mice groups were used in the investigations on fat preference, metabolic tolerance, and electrophysiology. Diet-induced alterations in CD36 and GPR120 expression that are related to fat perception and the capacitative calcium signaling caused by FA in taste bud cells (TBCs) were also examined. RESULTS In obese groups, VWR temporarily reduced body weight, demonstrated improvement in preference scores for FA, and recovered from a deterioration in glucose homeostasis. In CD36-positive TBCs, electrophysiological investigations showed alterations in [Ca2+ ]i caused by FA. Further, in the TBCs of circumvallate papillae, there are differences in the expression of the genes CD36 and GPR120 between the active and SED controls. Obese mice also show lower incentive salience for long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) and adapted to the reward system of VWR which may lead to improved incentive salience accredited to wheel running. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence that VWR causes orosensory adaptations to fat and appears to alter taste preference for LCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepankumar Shanmugamprema
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Marudhamalai Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Karthi Muthuswamy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Marudhamalai Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Vinithra Ponnusamy
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Marudhamalai Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Gowtham Subramanian
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Marudhamalai Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Keerthana Vasanthakumar
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Marudhamalai Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Vasanth Krishnan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Marudhamalai Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
| | - Selvakumar Subramaniam
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Marudhamalai Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India
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21
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Kosmalski M, Frankowski R, Różycka-Kosmalska M, Sipowicz K, Pietras T, Mokros Ł. The Association between Personality Factors and Metabolic Parameters among Patients with Non-Alcoholic-Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4468. [PMID: 37445503 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) states a serious problem for public health. The introduction of effective methods of treatment and prevention is crucial to avoid complications of these diseases. Among them, we can specify psychological factors that affect everyday life and determine the patient's attitude towards therapy, and what follows, their compliance in treatment. The literature indicates these connections in various ways; in our study, we extend this view to include a broader perspective of human personality. OBJECTIVE We decided to investigate the associations between personality factors and metabolic parameters in patients with NAFLD and T2DM in order to better understand the patient's approach to the treatment of a chronic disease, such as those mentioned, and to establish the basis for further research implementing psychological interventions in the treatment of NAFLD and T2DM. METHODS One hundred participants with NAFLD and T2DM underwent blood tests and anthropometric measures. Each of them was asked to complete five questionnaires evaluating their personality properties. RESULTS We revealed that a rise in body mass index is related to a fall in the emotional intelligence factor of utilizing emotions, and a rise in emotional perception. The decrease in task-oriented coping style and a rise in emotion-oriented coping style are associated with a waist-hip ratio increase. The increase in fasting plasma glucose is predicted by a decrease in task-oriented coping style score. A fall in social diversion coping style score is associated with a high-density lipoprotein increase; in turn, a triglycerides increase is connected with a decline in rhythmicity score. CONCLUSIONS The personality factors are in relationship in the management of NAFLD and T2DM. They affect a patient's approach to treatment, which is very important, because we know lifestyle and dietary interventions are an important part of the treatment of these diseases. The compliance manifests by lifestyle modifications, taking medications regularly, measuring blood glucose, and inspection visits in outpatients' clinics are a large part of a diabetic's life. Future studies introducing psychological intervention to improve, e.g., coping styles or rhythmicity are needed to implement new methods of patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Frankowski
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Kasper Sipowicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Disability Studies, The Maria Grzegorzewska University in Warsaw, 02-353 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
- Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Mokros
- Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Perry AS, Dooley EE, Master H, Spartano NL, Brittain EL, Gabriel KP. Physical Activity Over the Lifecourse and Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res 2023; 132:1725-1740. [PMID: 37289900 PMCID: PMC10254078 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite improvements in cardiovascular care in recent decades, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death worldwide. At its core, CVD is a largely preventable disease with diligent risk factor management and early detection. As highlighted in the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8, physical activity plays a central role in CVD prevention at an individual and population level. Despite pervasive knowledge of the numerous cardiovascular and noncardiovascular health benefits of physical activity, physical activity has steadily decreased over time and unfavorable changes in physical activity occur throughout people's lives. Here, we use a lifecourse framework to examine the evidence reporting on the association of physical activity with CVD. From in utero to older adults, we review and discuss the evidence detailing how physical activity may prevent incident CVD and mitigate CVD-related morbidity and death across all life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Perry
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Erin E. Dooley
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hiral Master
- Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nicole L. Spartano
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Weight Management, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evan L. Brittain
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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23
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Lu MY, Lai JCY, Chen SJ. Influence of Sex Differences on Serum Lipid Profiles among Habitual Coffee Drinkers: Evidence from 23,072 Taiwan Biobank Participants. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112576. [PMID: 37299539 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioactive compounds of coffee are involved in lipid metabolism, and sex differences may play an important role. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of sex differences on serum lipid profiles among habitual coffee drinkers. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study of 23,628 adults using data obtained from the Taiwan Biobank database. Adults who drank more than one cup of coffee per day and those who drank less than one cup per day were compared with non-drinkers. After adjusting for baseline demographics and lifestyle, a generalized linear model was used to estimate the change in serum lipid profiles in men and women and in postmenopausal and premenopausal women among different coffee-drinking behaviors. We found that habitual coffee consumption changed the serum lipid profiles of men and women. Further, coffee drinkers had higher serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lower serum triglyceride levels than non-drinkers. Compared with premenopausal women, both men and postmenopausal women had increased serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Menopausal status may play an important role in modulating the effect of habitual coffee intake on dyslipidemia. Moreover, premenopausal women potentially benefit more from habitual coffee drinking than men and postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ying Lu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung 95054, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
| | - Jerry Cheng-Yen Lai
- Master Program in Biomedicine, College of Science and Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung 95092, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung 95054, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Ji Chen
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Master Program in Biomedicine, College of Science and Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung 95092, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung 95054, Taiwan
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24
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Ge L, Hilal S, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Tan CS. Association Between Domain-Specific Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Factors in a Multiethnic Asian Population: A Longitudinal Study. J Phys Act Health 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37156541 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the association between domain-specific physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic factors with longitudinal data, which is limited in current literature. METHODS Participants who attended the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort and follow-up surveys were included in this study (N = 3950, mean age: 44.7 y, female: 57.9%). Self-reported moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) for each domain (leisure-time, transportation, occupation, and household) was categorized into 4 levels: no, low, middle, and high MVPA. The longitudinal associations of domain-specific MVPA with cardiometabolic factors including systolic and diastolic blood pressures, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterols, triglycerides, and body mass index were examined using Generalized Estimating Equations, accounting for confounding factors and repeated measurements. RESULTS There were 5.2% participants who had no MVPA. For each domain, this rate ranged from 22.6% (household) to 83.3% (occupation). Leisure-time and occupation MVPAs had positive and linear associations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterols, corresponding to 0.030 (95% confidence interval, 0.015 to 0.045) mmol/L (leisure-time) and 0.063 (95% confidence interval, 0.043 to 0.083) mmol/L (occupation), when compared high with no respective MVPA. Occupation and household MVPAs were associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Transportation and occupation exhibited a positive and linear relationship with diastolic blood pressure. None of the domains were associated with body mass index, systolic blood pressures, or triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that each domain had differential association with individual cardiometabolic risk factors. As occupation, transportation, or household PA had unfavorable associations with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or diastolic blood pressure, the overall beneficial impact of higher PA levels may not necessarily hold in the context of domain-specific PA and cardiovascular health. Further investigation is needed to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Ge
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, Singapore,Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore,Singapore
| | - Saima Hilal
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore,Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore,Singapore
- Digital Health Centre, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin,Germany
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore,Singapore
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25
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Zhang S, Hu J, Xiao G, Chen S, Wang H. Urban particulate air pollution linked to dyslipidemia by modification innate immune cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:138040. [PMID: 36739990 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Air particulate matter (PM) is an essential risk factor for lipid metabolism disorders. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study, 216 healthcare workers were recruited to estimate the associations among the daily exposure dose (DED) of air PM, innate immune cells, and plasma lipid levels. All participants were divided into two groups according to the air particulate combined DED (DED-PMC). The peripheral white blood cell counts, lymphocyte counts, and monocyte counts and percentages were higher in the higher-exposure group (HEG) than in the lower-exposure group (LEG), whereas the percentage of natural-killer cells was lower in the HEG than in the LEG. The plasma concentrations of the total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B were higher in the HEG than in the LEG, whereas the HDL-C and apolipoprotein A1 were lower in the HEG than in the LEG. A dose-effect analysis indicated that when the DED of the air PM increased, there were increased peripheral monocyte counts and percentages, a decreased NK cell percentage, elevated plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B, and reduced plasma levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein A1. In addition, the modification of the innate immune cells was accompanied by alterations in the plasma lipid levels in a dose-dependent manner. Mediation effect analysis suggested innate immune cells were the potential mediators for the associations among air PM exposure on abnormal lipid metabolism. These results indicated that chronic exposure to air PM may disturb lipid metabolism by altering the distribution of innate immune cells in the peripheral blood, ultimately advancing cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangjun Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
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26
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Sex-biased and sex hormone-dependent regulation of apolipoprotein A1. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2023.100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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27
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Meyer-Lindemann U, Moggio A, Dutsch A, Kessler T, Sager HB. The Impact of Exercise on Immunity, Metabolism, and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3394. [PMID: 36834808 PMCID: PMC9967592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise represents an effective preventive and therapeutic strategy beneficially modifying the course of multiple diseases. The protective mechanisms of exercise are manifold; primarily, they are elicited by alterations in metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Exercise intensity and duration strongly influence the provoked response. This narrative review aims to provide comprehensive up-to-date insights into the beneficial effects of physical exercise by illustrating the impact of moderate and vigorous exercise on innate and adaptive immunity. Specifically, we describe qualitative and quantitative changes in different leukocyte subsets while distinguishing between acute and chronic exercise effects. Further, we elaborate on how exercise modifies the progression of atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death worldwide, representing a prime example of a disease triggered by metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Here, we describe how exercise counteracts causal contributors and thereby improves outcomes. In addition, we identify gaps that still need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Meyer-Lindemann
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Aldo Moggio
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Dutsch
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik B. Sager
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK e.V. (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
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28
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Mulgrave VE, Alsayegh AA, Jaldi A, Omire-Mayor DT, James N, Ntekim O, Walters E, Akala EO, Allard JS. Exercise modulates APOE expression in brain cortex of female APOE3 and APOE4 targeted replacement mice. Neuropeptides 2023; 97:102307. [PMID: 36434832 PMCID: PMC9839612 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the main cholesterol carrier of the brain and the ε4 gene variant (APOE4) is the most prevalent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), increasing risk up to 15-fold. Several studies indicate that APOE4 modulates critical factors for neuronal function, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α). Both proteins show exercise-induced upregulation, which is presumed to mediate many of the beneficial effects of physical activity including improved cognition; however, there is variability in results between individuals potentially in-part due to genetic variations including APOE isoform. This study aimed to determine if the two most prevalent human APOE isoforms influence adaptive responses to exercise-training. Targeted replacement mice, homozygous for either APOE3 or APOE4 were randomized into exercised and sedentary groups. Baseline locomotor function and voluntary wheel-running behavior was reduced in APOE4 mice. Exercised groups were subjected to daily treadmill running for 8 weeks. ApoE protein in brain cortex was significantly increased by exercise in both genotypes. PGC-1α mRNA levels in brain cortex were significantly lower in APOE4 mice, and only tended to increase with exercise in both genotypes. Hippocampal BDNF protein were similar between genotypes and was not significantly modulated by treadmill running. Behavioral and biochemical variations between APOE3 and APOE4 mice likely contribute to the differential risk for neurological and vascular diseases and the exercise-induced increase in ApoE levels suggests an added feature of the potential efficacy of physical activity as a preventative and therapeutic strategy for neurogenerative processes in both genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verona E Mulgrave
- Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Abdulrahman A Alsayegh
- Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aida Jaldi
- Dept of Physiology & Biophysics, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Niaya James
- Dept of Physiology & Biophysics, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Oyonumo Ntekim
- Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eric Walters
- Dept. of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Emanuel O Akala
- Dept of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joanne S Allard
- Dept of Physiology & Biophysics, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
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29
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Jiang J, Ni L, Zhang X, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Li G, Wang H, Xiao J. Moderate-Intensity Exercise Maintains Redox Homeostasis for Cardiovascular Health. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200204. [PMID: 36683183 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that exercise is beneficial for cardiovascular health. Oxidative stress is the common pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. The overproduction of free radicals, both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, can lead to redox imbalance and exacerbate oxidative damage to the cardiovascular system. Maintaining redox homeostasis and enhancing anti-oxidative capacity are critical mechanisms by which exercise protects against cardiovascular diseases. Moderate-intensity exercise is an effective means to maintain cardiovascular redox homeostasis. Moderate-intensity exercise reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving mitochondrial function and anti-oxidative capacity. It also attenuates adverse cardiac remodeling and enhances cardiac function. This paper reviews the primary mechanisms of moderate-intensity exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system. Exploring the role of exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Jiang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lingyan Ni
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | | | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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30
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Michou V, Liakopoulos V, Roumeliotis S, Roumeliotis A, Anifanti M, Tsamos G, Papagianni A, Zempekakis P, Deligiannis A, Kouidi E. Effects of Home-Based Exercise Training on Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and Metabolic Profile in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13010232. [PMID: 36676181 PMCID: PMC9866875 DOI: 10.3390/life13010232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a home-based exercise training program on Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN) and metabolic profile in Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Method: Twenty-eight DKD patients undergoing hemodialysis were randomly assigned into two groups. The exercise (EX) group followed a 6-month combined exercise training program at home, while the control (CO) group remained untrained. All participants at baseline and the end of the study underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), biochemical tests for glucose and lipid profile, and 24-h electrocardiographic monitoring for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and heart rate turbulence (HRT). Results: At the end of the study, compared to the CO, the EX group showed a significant increase in serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 27.7% (p = 0.01), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) by 9.3% (p < 0.05), the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) by 34.3% (p = 0.03), percentage of successive RR intervals higher than 50ms (pNN50) by 51.1% (p = 0.02), turbulence slope (TS) index by 18.4% (p = 0.01), and decrease in (glycated hemoglobin) HbA1c by 12.5% (p = 0.04) and low-frequency power LF (ms2) by 29.7% (p = 0.01). Linear regression analysis after training showed that VO2peak was correlated with SDNN (r = 0.55, p = 0.03) and HF (r = 0.72, p = 0.02). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the improvement of sympathovagal balance and aerobic capacity depended on patients’ participation in exercise training. Conclusion: In conclusion, a 6-month home-based mixed-type exercise program can improve cardiac autonomic function and metabolic profile in DKD patients on HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Michou
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Roumeliotis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Roumeliotis
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Anifanti
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsamos
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Internal Medicine, Agios Dimitrios Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papagianni
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pantelis Zempekakis
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Asterios Deligiannis
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kouidi
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-69-3704-0265
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Kettinen J, Tikkanen H, Venojärvi M. Comparative effectiveness of playing golf to Nordic walking and walking on acute physiological effects on cardiometabolic markers in healthy older adults: a randomised cross-over study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001474. [PMID: 36816424 PMCID: PMC9930551 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The acute effects of aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic markers are well documented in younger healthy individuals, but the same effects in older adults have not been elucidated. As such, this study compares the acute effects of three different types of age-appropriate aerobic exercises on cardiometabolic markers. Methods Healthy older golfers (n=25, 16 male and 9 female, 68±4 years) were enrolled in a randomised cross-over experiment. We compared the effects of three different acute aerobic exercises (18-hole golf, 6 km Nordic walk, 6 km walk) on blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid profile in a real-life environment. Results In the between-group comparison, playing golf resulted in a difference in blood glucose (golf: 0.01±1.0 mmol/L, walk: 1.3±0.9 mmol/L, p<0.001) compared with walking and triglycerides (golf: 0.13±0.2 mmol/L, Nordic walk: 0.31±0.2 mmol/L, walk: 0.23±0.2 mmol, p=0.012) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (golf: 0.04±0.06 mmol/L, Nordic walk: -0.02±0.06 mmol/L, walk: -0.02±0.07 mmol/L, p=0.002) compared with Nordic walking and walking. In addition, all groups had significant decreases (p<0.001) in systolic blood pressure, and Nordic walking and walking also demonstrated a decrease in diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05). Conclusion Acute bouts of aerobic exercise improved cardiovascular profile in healthy older adults. Despite the lower exercise intensity of golf, the longer duration and higher energy expenditure appeared to have a more positive effect on lipid profile and glucose metabolism compared with Nordic walking and walking. Trial registration number ISRCTN10007294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kettinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Tikkanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Xia K, Bai C, Ding R, Kong Y, Fan X, Liu Y, Liu B, Chen X. Feasibility of a smartphone app for prescribed exercise tutoring in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231197424. [PMID: 37654723 PMCID: PMC10467297 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231197424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Digital health technologies have potential to address the challenges associated with traditional cardiac rehabilitation (CR). However, it is not complete enough for prescribed exercise guidance and remote monitoring. Objective We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a smartphone app for prescribed exercise tutoring by exercise videos combined with wearable devices to monitor heart rate in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods The study is a quasi-experimental design study with a single group. A total of 31 patients were included with an average age of 56.2 years (SD 13.4). They participated in a 12-week remote digital CR program. We employed a wearable heart rate monitoring device connected with an app to monitor the patients' exercise intensity. The app can display the videos corresponding to an exercise prescription to guide the exercise. Cardiorespiratory endurance, blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol, blood uric acid, left ventricular ejection fraction and quality of life (QoL) were assessed at the beginning and end of the intervention. Compliance and safety events were recorded as well. Results Completion rate reached 90.3%. Average daily effective exercise time was 39.4 min (SD 17.8), and 92.9% of the patients could exercise in the prescribed intensity for at least 20 min per day. Average effective exercise days per week were 4.6 days (SD 2.2), and 67.9% of the patients could exercise in the prescribed intensity for at least 3 days per week. Patients' peak VO2 (P = 0.041) and peak metabolic equivalents (P = 0.018) were significantly increased, low-density lipoprotein (P = 0.036) and diastolic blood pressure at rest (P = 0.044) were significantly decreased, and depression (GAD-7, P = 0.014) and anxiety (PHQ-9, P = 0.013) were significantly improved. Conclusions It is feasible, safe, and helpful for stable CHD patients to use the app for prescribed exercise tutoring with videos combined with wearable devices to monitor heart rate. Trial Registration ChiCTR1800019144.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xia
- Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science, China
| | | | - Rongjing Ding
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China
- Peking University People's Hospital, China
| | - Yue Kong
- Peking University People's Hospital, China
| | | | - Yefa Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, China
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Sugiharto, Merawati D, Pranoto A, Susanto H. Physiological response of endurance exercise as a growth hormone mediator in adolescent women's. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 34:61-67. [PMID: 35499967 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overweight status decreases the growth hormone (GH) secretion, thus, increasing the risk factors for medical complications. However, proper exercise is reported to enhance GH and affect the energy balance. Therefore, exercise is proclaimed to be an accurate and engaging therapy to increase GH in preventing overweight. This study aims to investigate the physiological response of exercise in mediating the increase of GH secretion in female adolescents. METHODS 22 overweight women aged 19-20 years old, with maximal oxygen consumption of 27-35 mL/kg/min, were selected as sample size. They were divided into three groups, namely (CONT, n=7) Control, (MIEE, n=7) Moderate-intensity interval endurance exercise, and (MCEE, n=8) Moderate-intensity continuous endurance exercise. The exercise was carried out by running for 30-35 min using treadmills with an intensity of 60-70% HRmax. The blood sampling for GH examination was carried out four times before exercise, 10 min, 6 h, and 24 h after exercise. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the GH and IGF-1 levels. The data analysis was carried out using a one-way ANOVA test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The results of the one-Way ANOVA test suggested a significantly different average GH and IGF-1 before and after the exercise between the three groups (CON, MIEE, and MCEE) (p≤0.05). CONCLUSIONS MCEE increases the GH and IGF-1 levels more considerably than MIEE. Therefore, exercise is a mediator to increase GH and IGF-1 secretion in overweight individuals. Exercise could be a viable therapy for overweight people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugiharto
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Desiana Merawati
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Adi Pranoto
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hendra Susanto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia
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Methenitis S, Papadopoulou SK, Panayiotou G, Kaprara A, Hatzitolios A, Skepastianos P, Karali K, Feidantsis K. Nutrition, body composition and physical activity have differential impact on the determination of lipidemic blood profiles between young females with different blood cholesterol concentrations. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023; 17:25-33. [PMID: 36641266 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This cross-sectional study explored whether nutrition, body composition, and physical activity energy expenditure (PAΕΝ) have a differential impact on lipidemic blood profiles among young females with different blood cholesterol concentrations. METHODS One hundred thirty-five young female students (N = 135) were allocated into three groups according to their blood cholesterol concentrations (Chol): (A) Normal [NL; Chol: < 200 mg·dL-1; n = 56 Age: 21.4 ± 2.6 yrs, Body Mass Index (BMI): 22.1 ± 2.0 kg·m-2], (B) Borderline (BL; Chol: ≥200 mg·dL-1 and <240 mg·dL-1; n = 44 Age: 21.6 ± 2.5 yrs, BMI: 24.2 ± 3.1 kg·m-2) and (C) High level (HL; Chol: ≥240 mg·dL-1; n = 35 Age: 22.5 ± 2.4 yrs, BMI: 28.9 ± 2.1 kg·m-2). Body composition [bioelectrical impedance analysis including lean body mass (LBM) and body fat mass], nutritional intake (recall questionnaire), daily physical activity energy expenditure through activity trackers and resting blood lipids concentrations were evaluated. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that in the NL group, lean mass, daily PAΕΝ and daily energy balance were the determinant parameters of blood lipidemic profiles (B: -0.815 to 0.700). In the BL group, nutrition, body composition and daily physical activity energy expenditure exhibited similar impacts (B: -0.440 to 0.478). In the HL group, nutritional intake and body fat mass determined blood lipidemic profile (B: -0.740 to 0.725). CONCLUSION Nutrition, body composition and daily PAΕΝ impact on blood lipids concentration is not universal among young females. In NL females, PAEN, energy expenditure and LBM are the strongest determinants of blood lipids, while in HL females, nutritional intake and body fat mass are. As PAΕΝ increases, the importance of nutrition and body fat decreases, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Methenitis
- Sports Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens GR-17237, Greece; Department of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, P.O. Box 141, Sindos GR-57400, Thessaloniki, Greece; Theseus, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, P.O. Box 141, Sindos GR-57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Panayiotou
- Laboratory of Exercise, Health and Human Performance, Applied Sport Science Postgraduate Program, Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Athina Kaprara
- Laboratory of Sports Medicine, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Apostolos Hatzitolios
- 1st Department of Cardiology, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Petros Skepastianos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, P.O. Box 141, Sindos GR-57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Karali
- 1st Department of Cardiology, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Department of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, P.O. Box 141, Sindos GR-57400, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Yin Y, Yu Z, Wang J, Sun J. Effects of the different Tai Chi exercise cycles on patients with essential hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1016629. [PMID: 36937925 PMCID: PMC10020615 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1016629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The main treatment for essential hypertension at this stage is pharmacotherapy. Long-term pharmacotherapy is costly with some side effects. Tai Chi, a bright star in traditional Chinese arts, relaxes both mind and body and has been shown to relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure. This study aimed to systematically review the therapeutic effectiveness of the Tai Chi exercise cycle on blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with essential hypertension. Methods Searching CNKI, VIP, CBM, PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to collect randomized controlled trials about Tai Chi exercise in the treatment of patients with essential hypertension according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search time ranged from the date of database construction to December 2022. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate the included trials. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan5.3 and Stata12.0 software. Results According to the meta-analysis, compared with the controls, Tai Chi exercise with a cycle of more than 12 weeks may be better for the reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) [MD = -11.72, 95% CI (-15.52, -7.91)] and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [MD = -4.68, 95% CI (-7.23, -2.12)], as well as increasing the content of nitric oxide (NO) [MD = 0.99, 95% CI (0.69, 1.28)]. The blood lipid metabolism ability may also be improved after more than 12 weeks of Tai Chi exercise, total cholesterol (TC) [SMD = -0.68, 95% CI (-0.89, -0.46), triglyceride (TG) [SMD = -0.84, 95% CI (-1.25, -0.43)], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [SMD = -1.58, 95% CI (-2.29, -0.86)]. However, the improvement of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [SMD = 0.54, 95% CI (0.28, 0.79)] was better with a less than 12 weeks exercise cycle. A subgroup analysis for exercise frequency and time showed that the exercise frequency should preferably be more than or equal to 5 times per week for patients with hypertension, and for patients with hypertension plus hyperlipidemia, the exercise frequency less than 5 times per week with exercise time less than 60 min each day may be more beneficial. Conclusion The meta-analysis indicated that a more than 12 weeks Tai Chi exercise cycle with less than 60 min each time and more than 5 times per week may be more beneficial in blood pressure reduction, NO level increasing and blood lipid metabolism improving in the comparison with the other exercise cycles. For patients with hypertension plus hyperlipidemia, exercise frequency of less than 5 times per week may be better. Systematic Review Registration [http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD42022352035].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Yin
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengze Yu
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junzhi Sun
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
- Correspondence: Junzhi Sun
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Development of a Digital Healthcare Management System for Lower-Extremity Amputees: A Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010106. [PMID: 36611566 PMCID: PMC9819425 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The research, which was designed as a "pre- and post-single group" study, included patients with lower-limb amputation and aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of self-directed physical-strength training and cardiovascular exercise using a novel digital healthcare management service three times a week for 12 weeks. Muscle strength, thigh circumference, lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin levels, pulmonary function, quality of life, and physical activity level were evaluated before and after the intervention, while satisfaction was measured after the study. Among the 14 included patients, the proportion of adherence to the physical-strength training and physical-strengthening activity were 85.2% and 75.8%, respectively. The level of satisfaction with the digital healthcare management system was high. Significant changes were observed in the muscle-strength tests (dominant grip power and muscle strength of knee flexion and extension of the intact side), thigh circumference, and glycated hemoglobin levels. Further, the quality-of-life score showed improvement, although without significant differences. Individualized exercise management using the novel digital healthcare management system for lower-limb amputees could induce interest in self-care and promote physical activity and healthy behavior. Through this effect, we can expect a reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and severe injuries from falling.
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Characteristics of the Protocols Used in Electrical Pulse Stimulation of Cultured Cells for Mimicking In Vivo Exercise: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113446. [PMID: 36362233 PMCID: PMC9657802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
While exercise benefits a wide spectrum of diseases and affects most tissues and organs, many aspects of its underlying mechanistic effects remain unsolved. In vitro exercise, mimicking neuronal signals leading to muscle contraction in vitro, can be a valuable tool to address this issue. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched EMBASE and PubMed (from database inception to 4 February 2022) for relevant studies assessing in vitro exercise using electrical pulse stimulation to mimic exercise. Meta-analyses of mean differences and meta-regression analyses were conducted. Of 985 reports identified, 41 were eligible for analysis. We observed variability among existing protocols of in vitro exercise and heterogeneity among protocols of the same type of exercise. Our analyses showed that AMPK, Akt, IL-6, and PGC1a levels and glucose uptake increased in stimulated compared to non-stimulated cells, following the patterns of in vivo exercise, and that these effects correlated with the duration of stimulation. We conclude that in vitro exercise follows motifs of exercise in humans, allowing biological parameters, such as the aforementioned, to be valuable tools in defining the types of in vitro exercise. It might be useful in transferring obtained knowledge to human research.
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Dynamic Resistance Exercise Alters Blood ApoA-I Levels, Inflammatory Markers, and Metabolic Syndrome Markers in Elderly Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10101982. [PMID: 36292427 PMCID: PMC9601716 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Combined endurance and dynamic-resistance exercise has important anti-inflammatory effects, altering vascular endothelial function, and helping to prevent and treat aging-related metabolic syndrome (MS). We studied changes in 40 elderly women aged ≥ 65 years (control group (no MS), n = 20, mean age: 68.23 ± 2.56 years; MS group, n = 19, mean age: 71.42 ± 5.87 years; one left). The exercise program comprised dynamic-resistance training using elastic bands, three times weekly, for six months. We analyzed body composition, blood pressure, physical fitness, and MS-related blood variables including ApoA-I, antioxidant factors, and inflammatory markers. After the program, the MS group showed significant reductions in waist-hip ratio, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, blood insulin, and HOMA-IR, and a significant increase in HSP70 (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant increases in ApoA-I levels, ApoA-I/HDL-C ratio, SOD2, IL-4, and IL-5 levels (p < 0.05). Active-resistance training-induced changes in ApoA-I were significantly positively correlated with changes in HDL-C and HSP70, and significantly negatively correlated with changes in triglycerides, C-reactive protein, and TNF-α (p < 0.05). Active-resistance training qualitatively altered HDL, mostly by altering ApoA-I levels, relieving vascular inflammation, and improving antioxidant function. This provides evidence that dynamic-resistance exercise can improve physical fitness and MS risk factors in elderly women.
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Bhale AS, Venkataraman K. Leveraging knowledge of HDLs major protein ApoA1: Structure, function, mutations, and potential therapeutics. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113634. [PMID: 36063649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is a member of the Apolipoprotein family of proteins. It's a vital protein that helps in the production of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, which are crucial for reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). It also has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-apoptotic, and anti-thrombotic properties. These functions interact to give HDL particles their cardioprotective characteristics. ApoA1 has recently been investigated for its potential role in atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurological diseases, cancer, and certain infectious diseases. Since ApoA1's discovery, numerous mutations have been reported that affect its structural integrity and alter its function. Hence these insights have led to the development of clinically relevant peptides and synthetic reconstituted HDL (rHDL) that mimics the function of ApoA1. As a result, this review has aimed to provide an organized explanation of our understanding of the ApoA1 protein structure and its role in various essential pathways. Furthermore, we have comprehensively reviewed the important ApoA1 mutations (24 mutations) that are reported to be involved in various diseases. Finally, we've focused on the therapeutic potentials of some of the beneficial mutations, small peptides, and synthetic rHDL that are currently being researched or developed, since these will aid in the development of novel therapeutics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Sudam Bhale
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Venkataraman
- Centre for Bio-Separation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Nomikos T, Methenitis S, Panagiotakos DB. The emerging role of skeletal muscle as a modulator of lipid profile the role of exercise and nutrition. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:81. [PMID: 36042487 PMCID: PMC9425975 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The present article aims to discuss the hypothesis that skeletal muscle per se but mostly its muscle fiber composition could be significant determinants of lipid metabolism and that certain exercise modalities may improve metabolic dyslipidemia by favorably affecting skeletal muscle mass, fiber composition and functionality. It discusses the mediating role of nutrition, highlights the lack of knowledge on mechanistic aspects of this relationship and proposes possible experimental directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzortzis Nomikos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
| | - Spyridon Methenitis
- Sports Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports. Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Theseus, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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Effect of CICARE Communication Mode on Disease Uncertainty, Self-Nursing Ability, and Quality of Life in Patients with Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8654449. [PMID: 36035303 PMCID: PMC9410929 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8654449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective To study the effect of CICARE (Connect, Introduce, Communicate, Ask, Respond, Exit) communication mode on disease uncertainty, self-nursing ability, and quality of life in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods From January 2021 to December 2021, 102 patients with CAD after PCI were randomly divided into a research group (n =51) and a control group (n =51). The former received CICARE communication model nursing intervention, and the latter received routine doctor-patient communication nursing. To study the scores of disease uncertainty scale (MUIS), Frankl treatment compliance scale (Frankl), self-care ability scale (exercise of self-care-a), quality of life scale (WHOQOL-BREF), and Newcastle nursing satisfaction scale (NSNS) before and 1 week after nursing. Results After one week of nursing, the MUIS score of the research group was lower than that of the control group, and the score of Frankl treatment compliance scale of the research group was higher than that of the control group. After 1 week of nursing, the ESCA score of the research group was higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05), and the WHOQOL-BREF score of the research group was higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05). After one week of nursing, the NSNS score of the research group was higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion The application value of CICARE communication mode nursing intervention in patients with CAD after PCI is more remarkable, and it is more helpful to reduce patients' disease uncertainty, enhance treatment compliance, promote patients' self-nursing ability, and strengthen quality of life and nursing satisfaction.
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Ma X, Liao Z, Li R, Xia W, Guo H, Luo J, Sheng H, Tian M, Cao Z. Myocardial Injury Caused by Chronic Alcohol Exposure—A Pilot Study Based on Proteomics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134284. [PMID: 35807529 PMCID: PMC9268295 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol exposure can cause myocardial degenerative diseases, manifested as cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmia, etc. These are defined as alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Alcohol-mediated myocardial injury has previously been studied through metabolomics, and it has been proved to be involved in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway concerning unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation, which tentatively explored the mechanism of ACM induced by chronic drinking. To further study alcohol-induced myocardial injury, myocardial specimens from a previously successfully established mouse model of ACM were subjected to histological, echocardiographic, and proteomic analyses, and validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results of histopathology and echocardiography showed the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the dilation of ventricles, and decreased cardiac function. Proteomic results, available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD032949, revealed 56 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, which have the potential to be involved in the KEGG pathway related to fatty acid biosynthesis disorders, lipid metabolism disorders, oxidative stress, and, ultimately, in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The present study further elucidates the underlying effects of myocardial injury due to chronic alcohol intake, laying a foundation for further studies to clarify the potential mechanisms of ACM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Ma
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (X.M.); (Z.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
- The Third Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zihan Liao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (X.M.); (Z.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Science, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Rongxuan Li
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (X.M.); (Z.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
- The Third Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (W.X.); (H.G.)
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (W.X.); (H.G.)
| | - Jiawei Luo
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (X.M.); (Z.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Science, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Huaxin Sheng
- Multidisciplinary Neuroprotection Laboratories, Center of Perioperative Organ Protection, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Meihui Tian
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Science, Shenyang 110122, China
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Biology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (X.M.); (Z.L.); (R.L.); (J.L.)
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-Evidence Science, Shenyang 110122, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Z.C.)
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Xia F, Zeng Q, Chen J. Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor dysregulation and its linkage with lipid level, stenosis degree, and inflammatory cytokines in coronary heart disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24546. [PMID: 35666604 PMCID: PMC9279961 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates the lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis plaque formation, and inflammatory process, while the study about its clinical role in coronary heart disease (CHD) is few. The present study intended to explore the expression of BDNF and its relationship with stenosis, inflammation, and adhesion molecules in CHD patients. Methods After serum samples were obtained from 207 CHD patients, BDNF, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐17A, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1), and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) levels were determined using ELISA. Then, the BDNF level was also examined in 40 disease controls (DCs) and 40 healthy controls (HCs), separately. Results BDNF was lower in CHD patients than in DCs and HCs (median (95% confidential interval) value: 5.6 (3.5–9.6) ng/mL vs. 10.7 (6.1–17.0) ng/mL and 12.6 (9.4–18.2) ng/mL, both p < 0.001). BDNF could well distinguish CHD patients from DCs (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.739) and HCs (AUC: 0.857). BDNF was negatively associated with triglyceride (p = 0.014), total cholesterol (p = 0.037), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.008). BDNF was negatively associated with CRP (p < 0.001), TNF‐α (p < 0.001), IL‐1β (p = 0.008), and IL‐8 (p < 0.001). BDNF was negatively related to VCAM‐1 (p < 0.001) and ICAM‐1 (p = 0.003). BDNF was negatively linked with the Gensini score (p < 0.001). Conclusion BDNF reflects the lipid dysregulation, inflammatory status, and stenosis degree in CHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingrong Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Differential Effects of Obesity, Hyperlipidaemia, Dietary Intake and Physical Inactivity on Type I Versus Type IV Allergies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112351. [PMID: 35684151 PMCID: PMC9182605 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alongside metabolic diseases (esp. obesity), allergic disorders are becoming increasingly prevalent. Since both obesity and allergies are highly impacted by environmental determinants, with this study we assessed the potential link between metabolic implications and two distinct types of allergies. Methods: Using cross-sectional data from the German FoCus cohort, n = 385 allergy cases, either hay fever (=type I allergy, n = 183) or contact allergy (=type IV allergy, n = 202) were compared to age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects (1:1 ratio, in total n = 770) regarding their metabolic phenotype, diet, physical activity, sleep, gut microbial composition, and serum metabolite profile using suitable BMI-adjusted models. Results: Obesity and metabolic alterations were found significantly more prevalent in subjects with allergies. In fact, this relation was more pronounced in contact allergy than hay fever. Subsequent BMI-adjusted analysis reveals particular importance of co-occurring hyperlipidaemia for both allergy types. For contact allergy, we revealed a strong association to the dietary intake of poly-unsaturated fatty acids, particularly α-linolenic acid, as well as the enrichment of the corresponding metabolic pathway. For hay fever, there were no major associations to the diet but to a lower physical activity level, shorter duration of sleep, and an altered gut microbial composition. Finally, genetic predisposition for hyperlipidaemia was associated to both contact allergy and hay fever. Conclusions: Reflected by higher allergy prevalence, our findings indicate an impaired immune response in obesity and hyperlipidaemia, which is differentially regulated in type I and type IV allergies by an unfavourable lifestyle constellation and subsequent microbial and metabolic dysfunctions.
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Effects of Drosophila melanogaster regular exercise and apolipoprotein B knockdown on abnormal heart rhythm induced by a high-fat diet. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262471. [PMID: 35657779 PMCID: PMC9165823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal heart rhythm is a common cardiac dysfunction in obese patients, and its pathogenesis is related to systemic lipid accumulation. The cardiomyocyte-derived apoLpp (homologous gene in Drosophila of the human apolipoprotein B) plays an important role in whole-body lipid metabolism of Drosophila under a high-fat diet (HFD). Knockdown of apoLpp derived from cardiomyocytes can reduce HFD-induced weight gain and abdominal lipid accumulation. In addition, exercise can reduce the total amount of apoLpp in circulation. However, the relationship between regular exercise, cardiomyocyte-derived apoLpp and abnormal heart rhythm is unclear. We found that an HFD increased the level of triglyceride (TG) in the whole-body, lipid accumulation and obesity in Drosophila. Moreover, the expression of apoLpp in the heart increased sharply, the heart rate and arrhythmia index increased and fibrillation occurred. Conversely, regular exercise or cardiomyocyte-derived apoLpp knockdown reduced the TG level in the whole-body of Drosophila. This significantly reduced the arrhythmia induced by obesity, including the reduction of heart rate, arrhythmia index, and fibrillation. Under HFD conditions, flies with apoLpp knockdown in the heart could resist the abnormal cardiac rhythm caused by obesity after receiving regular exercise. HFD-induced obesity and abnormal cardiac rhythm may be related to the acute increase of cardiomyocyte-derived apoLpp. Regular exercise and inhibition of cardiomyocyte-derived apoLpp can reduce the HFD-induced abnormal cardiac rhythm.
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Smith LE, Van Guilder GP, Dalleck LC, Harris NK. The effects of high-intensity functional training on cardiometabolic risk factors and exercise enjoyment in men and women with metabolic syndrome: study protocol for a randomized, 12-week, dose-response trial. Trials 2022; 23:182. [PMID: 35232475 PMCID: PMC8887188 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) are at a greater risk for developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) than those without MetS, due to underlying endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Exercise is an effective primary and secondary prevention strategy for MetS; however, less than 25% of adults meet the minimum stated public recommendations. Barriers often identified are lack of enjoyment and lack of time. High-intensity functional training (HIFT), a time-efficient modality of exercise, has shown some potential to elicit positive affectivity and elicit increased fitness and improved glucose metabolism. However, the effects of HIFT on dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunction have not been explored nor have the effects been explored in a population with MetS. Additionally, no studies have investigated the minimal dose of HIFT per week to see clinically meaningful changes in cardiometabolic health. The purpose of this study is to (1) determine the dose-response effect of HIFT on blood lipids, insulin resistance, and endothelial function and (2) determine the dose-response effect of HIFT on body composition, fitness, and perceived enjoyment and intention to continue the exercise. Methods/design In this randomized, dose-response trial, participants will undergo a 12-week HIFT intervention of either 1 day/week, 2 days/week, or 3 days/week of supervised, progressive exercise. Outcomes assessed at baseline and post-intervention will be multiple cardiometabolic markers, and fitness. Additionally, the participant’s affective response will be measured after the intervention. Discussion The findings of this research will provide evidence on the minimal dose of HIFT per week to see clinically meaningful improvements in the risk factors of MetS, as well as whether this modality is likely to mitigate the barriers to exercise. If an effective dose of HIFT per week is determined and if this modality is perceived positively, it may provide exercise specialists and health care providers a tool to prevent and treat MetS. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05001126. August 11, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Smith
- Department of Recreation, Exercise, and Sport Science, Western Colorado University, Gunnison, CO, USA.
| | - G P Van Guilder
- Department of Recreation, Exercise, and Sport Science, Western Colorado University, Gunnison, CO, USA
| | - L C Dalleck
- Department of Recreation, Exercise, and Sport Science, Western Colorado University, Gunnison, CO, USA
| | - N K Harris
- Health and Environmental Sciences Department, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Ghozy S, Zayan AH, El‐Qushayri AE, Parker KE, Varney J, Kallmes KM, Morsy S, Abbas AS, Diestro JDB, Dmytriw AA, Shah J, Hassan AE, Islam SMS. Physical activity level and stroke risk in
US
population: A matched case–control study of 102,578 individuals. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:264-275. [PMID: 35094505 PMCID: PMC8935290 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke has been linked to a lack of physical activity; however, the extent of the association between inactive lifestyles and stroke risk has yet to be characterized across large populations. Purpose This study aimed to explore the association between activity‐related behaviors and stroke incidence. Methods Data from 1999 to 2018 waves of the concurrent cross‐sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were extracted. We analyzed participants characteristics and outcomes for all participants with data on whether they had a stroke or not and assessed how different forms of physical activity affect the incidence of disease. Results Of the 102,578 individuals included, 3851 had a history of stroke. A range of activity‐related behaviors was protective against stroke, including engaging in moderate‐intensity work over the last 30 days (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.7–0.9; P = 0.001) and vigorous‐intensity work activities over the last 30 days (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.5–0.8; P < 0.001), and muscle‐strengthening exercises (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.5–0.8; P < 0.001). Conversely, more than 4 h of daily TV, video, or computer use was positively associated with the likelihood of stroke (OR = 11.7, 95% CI = 2.1–219.2; P = 0.022). Conclusion Different types, frequencies, and intensities of physical activity were associated with reduced stroke incidence, implying that there is an option for everyone. Daily or every other day activities are more critical in reducing stroke than reducing sedentary behavior duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherief Ghozy
- Department of Neuroradiology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences and Department for Continuing Education (EBHC program) Oxford University Oxford UK
| | | | | | - Kate Elizabeth Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Joseph Varney
- School of Medicine American University of the Caribbean Cupecoy Sint Maarten
| | - Kevin M. Kallmes
- Nested Knowledge St. Paul Minnesota USA
- Superior Medical Experts St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | - Sara Morsy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences University of Bradford Bradford UK
| | | | - Jose Danilo B. Diestro
- Radiology Department, Central Hospital of University of Montreal University of Montreal Montreal QC Canada
| | - Adam A. Dmytriw
- Neuroendovascular Program Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Jaffer Shah
- Medical Research Center Kateb University Kabul Afghanistan
| | - Ameer E. Hassan
- Department of Neurology University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Harlingen Texas USA
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Melbourne Vic. Australia
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Doewes RI, Gharibian G, Zadeh FA, Zaman BA, Vahdat S, Akhavan-Sigari R. An updated systematic review on the effects of aerobic exercise on human blood lipid profile. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022; 48:101108. [PMID: 35016988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyle and dyslipidemia are well-recognized risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Changes in blood lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and low-density lipoprotein [LDL]) due to the exercise may be beneficial for decreasing CVD-related events. In this review we aimed to investigate the effect of different types of exercise on lipid profile components in people with different health conditions and age ranges. A systematic search was performed covering PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for English articles from 2010 until November 2021. Finally, 31 studies were included in our study. Results showed that exercise in younger individuals sometimes resulted in no significant changes of any of the variables or some of them; however, efficient improvement was observed in all studies of older and middle-age groups. In terms of health condition and gender; healthy individuals, overweight people, subjects with type 2 diabetes and obesity, and male participants found to have benefited more from the exercise. In patients with chronic kidney diseases lipid profile improvement was not significant. The cardiac rehabilitation program, particularly comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation, proved to be more beneficial than exercise alone in the case of cardiovascular patients and those at elevated risk of CVD. In conclusion exercise is beneficial in terms of improving lipid profile but for younger population, and those with kidney problems and CVD patients, more further preparations are needed under the supervision of experts in the field of sports and medicine to achieve the desired result. Also, more studies are needed for these groups in order to provide a definite and reliable conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Iqbal Doewes
- Faculty of Sport, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami, 36A, Kentingan, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ghazal Gharibian
- Department of physical therapy, Faculty of rehabilitation sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | | | - Burhan Abdullah Zaman
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sahar Vahdat
- Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Khorshid Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Miyata Y, Matsuo T, Nakamura Y, Mitsunari K, Ohba K, Sakai H. Pathological Significance of Macrophages in Erectile Dysfunction Including Peyronie's Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111658. [PMID: 34829887 PMCID: PMC8615952 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile function is regulated by complex mechanisms centered on vascular- and nerve-related systems. Hence, dysregulation of these systems leads to erectile dysfunction (ED), which causes mental distress and decreases the quality of life of patients and their partners. At the molecular level, many factors, such as fibrosis, lipid metabolism abnormalities, the immune system, and stem cells, play crucial roles in the etiology and development of ED. Although phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are currently the standard treatment agents for patients with ED, they are effective only in a subgroup of patients. Therefore, further insight into the pathological mechanism underlying ED is needed to discuss ED treatment strategies. In this review, we focused on the biological and pathological significance of macrophages in ED because the interaction of macrophages with ED-related mechanisms have not been well explored, despite their important roles in vasculogenic and neurogenic diseases. Furthermore, we examined the pathological significance of macrophages in Peyronie’s disease (PD), a cause of ED characterized by penile deformation (visible curvature) during erection and pain. Although microinjury and the subsequent abnormal healing process of the tunica albuginea are known to be important processes in this disease, the detailed etiology and pathophysiology of PD are not fully understood. This is the first review on the pathological role of macrophages in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohiro Matsuo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-95-819-7340; Fax: +81-95-819-7343
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Cooper DM, Zulu MZ, Jankeel A, Ibraim IC, Ardo J, Kasper K, Stephens D, Meyer A, Stehli A, Condon C, Londoño ME, Schreiber CM, Lopez NV, Camplain RL, Weiss M, Golden C, Radom-Aizik S, Boden-Albala B, Chau C, Messaoudi I, Ulloa ER. SARS-CoV-2 acquisition and immune pathogenesis among school-aged learners in four diverse schools. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:1073-1080. [PMID: 34304252 PMCID: PMC8308070 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is necessary to reopen schools safely. METHODS We measured SARS-CoV-2 infection in 320 learners [10.5 ± 2.1 (sd); 7-17 y.o.] at four diverse schools with either remote or on-site learning. Schools A and B served low-income Hispanic learners; school C served many special-needs learners, and all provided predominantly remote instruction. School D served middle- and upper-income learners, with predominantly on-site instruction. Testing occurred in the fall (2020), and 6-8 weeks later during the fall-winter surge (notable for a tenfold increase in COVID-19 cases). Immune responses and mitigation fidelity were also measured. RESULTS We found SARS-CoV-2 infections in 17 learners only during the surge. School A (97% remote learners) had the highest infection (10/70, 14.3%, p < 0.01) and IgG positivity rates (13/66, 19.7%). School D (93% on-site learners) had the lowest infection and IgG positivity rates (1/63, 1.6%). Mitigation compliance [physical distancing (mean 87.4%) and face-covering (91.3%)] was remarkably high at all schools. Documented SARS-CoV-2-infected learners had neutralizing antibodies (94.7%), robust IFN-γ + T cell responses, and reduced monocytes. CONCLUSIONS Schools can implement successful mitigation strategies across a wide range of student diversity. Despite asymptomatic to mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, children generate robust humoral and cellular immune responses. IMPACT Successful COVID-19 mitigation was implemented across a diverse range of schools. School-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections reflect regional rates rather than remote or on-site learning. Seropositive school-aged children with asymptomatic to mild SARS-CoV-2 infections generate robust humoral and cellular immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan M Cooper
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michael Z Zulu
- Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, School of Biological Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Allen Jankeel
- Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, School of Biological Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Izabela Coimbra Ibraim
- Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, School of Biological Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Ardo
- Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
| | | | - Diana Stephens
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andria Meyer
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Annamarie Stehli
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Curt Condon
- Orange County Health Care Agency, Santa Ana, CA, USA
| | - Mary E Londoño
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Casey M Schreiber
- Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
- University of California Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Nanette V Lopez
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Ricky L Camplain
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Michael Weiss
- Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
| | | | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Clayton Chau
- Orange County Health Care Agency, Santa Ana, CA, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, School of Biological Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Erlinda R Ulloa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA.
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