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Mandal A, Biswas N, Alam MN. Implications of xenobiotic-response element(s) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in health and diseases. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1638-1655. [PMID: 37329424 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of air pollution on public health is severely detrimental. In humans; the physiological response against pollutants is mainly elicited via the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). It acts as a prime sensor of xenobiotic chemicals, also functioning as a transcription factor regulating a variety of gene expressions. Along with AhR, another pivotal element of the pollution stress pathway is Xenobiotic Response Elements (XREs). XRE, as studied are some conserved sequences in the DNA, responsible for the physiological response against pollutants. XRE is present at the upstream of the inducible target genes of AhR and it regulates the function of the AhR. XRE(s) are highly conserved in species as it has only eight specific sequences found so far in humans, mice, and rats. Inhalation of toxicants like dioxins, gaseous industrial effluents, and smoke from burning fuel and tobacco leads to predominant damage to the lungs. However, scientists are exploring the involvement of AhR in chronic diseases for example chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and also other lethal diseases like lung cancer. In this review, we summarise what is known at this time about the roles played by the XRE and AhR in our molecular systems that have a defined control in the normal maintenance of homeostasis as well as dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mandal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Nabendu Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Md Nur Alam
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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2
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Schwartzkopf CM, Robinson AJ, Ellenbecker M, Faith DR, Schmidt AK, Brooks DM, Lewerke L, Voronina E, Dandekar AA, Secor PR. Tripartite interactions between filamentous Pf4 bacteriophage, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacterivorous nematodes. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1010925. [PMID: 36800381 PMCID: PMC9980816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 is infected by the filamentous bacteriophage Pf4. Pf4 virions promote biofilm formation, protect bacteria from antibiotics, and modulate animal immune responses in ways that promote infection. Furthermore, strains cured of their Pf4 infection (ΔPf4) are less virulent in animal models of infection. Consistently, we find that strain ΔPf4 is less virulent in a Caenorhabditis elegans nematode infection model. However, our data indicate that PQS quorum sensing is activated and production of the pigment pyocyanin, a potent virulence factor, is enhanced in strain ΔPf4. The reduced virulence of ΔPf4 despite high levels of pyocyanin production may be explained by our finding that C. elegans mutants unable to sense bacterial pigments through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor are more susceptible to ΔPf4 infection compared to wild-type C. elegans. Collectively, our data support a model where suppression of quorum-regulated virulence factors by Pf4 allows P. aeruginosa to evade detection by innate host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb M. Schwartzkopf
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Autumn J. Robinson
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Mary Ellenbecker
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Dominick R. Faith
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Amelia K. Schmidt
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Diane M. Brooks
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Lincoln Lewerke
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ekaterina Voronina
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Ajai A. Dandekar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Patrick R. Secor
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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3
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Zhu L, Zhu C, Wang J, Yang R, Zhao X. The association between DNA methylation of 6p21.33 and AHRR in blood and coronary heart disease in Chinese population. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:370. [PMID: 35964014 PMCID: PMC9375073 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection could significantly improve the prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). In-invitro diagnostic technique may provide a solution when sufficient biomarkers could be identified. Pertinent associations between blood-based aberrant DNA methylation and smoking, the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and CHD have been robustly demonstrated and replicated, but that studies in Chinese populations are rare. The blood-based methylation of aryl-hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) cg05575921 and 6p21.33 cg06126421 has been associated with cardiovascular mortality in Caucasians. Here, we aim to investigate whether the AHRR and 6p21.33 methylation in the blood is associated with CHD in the Chinese population. METHODS In this case-control study, 180 CHD patients recruited at their first registration in our study center, and 184 controls randomly selected from the people who participated in the annual health examination were enrolled. Methylation intensities of 19 CpG sites, including AHRR cg05575921, 6p21.33 cg06126421, and their flanking CpG sites, were quantified by mass spectrometry. The association between methylation intensities and CHD was estimated by logistic regression analyses adjusted for covariant. RESULTS Compared to the controls, lower methylation of 6p21.33_CpG_4.5/cg06126421 was independently associated with increased odds of being a CHD patient (OR per - 10% methylation = 1.42 after adjustment for age, gender, and batch effect; p = 0.032 by multiple testing corrections). No association between blood-based AHRR methylation and CHD was found. CONCLUSIONS 6p21.33 methylation exhibits a significant association with CHD. The combination of 6p21.33 methylation and conventional risk factors might be an intermediate step towards the early detection of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong'an Road, West District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Rongxi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Military Translational Medicine Lab, Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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4
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Holme JA, Valen H, Brinchmann BC, Vist GE, Grimsrud TK, Becher R, Holme AM, Øvrevik J, Alexander J. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may explain the paradoxical effects of cigarette use on preeclampsia (PE). Toxicology 2022; 473:153206. [PMID: 35550401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking and use of snus (smokeless tobacco) are associated with adverse effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Nicotine is considered a key toxicant involved in effects caused by both smoking and snus, while pyrolysis products including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoke represents the constituents most unequally divided between these two groups of tobacco products. The aim of this review was: i) to compare the impact, in terms of relative effect estimates, of cigarette smoking and use of Swedish snus on pregnancy outcomes using similar non-tobacco user controls, and ii) to examine whether exposure to PAHs from smoking could explain possible differences in impact on pregnancy outcomes. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to October 2021 and identified studies reporting risks for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes associated with snus use and with smoking relative to pregnant women with no use of tobacco. Both snus use and smoking were associated with increased risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, and oral cleft malformation, with comparable point estimates. These effects were likely due to comparable nicotine exposure. We also found striking differences. While both smoking and snus increased the risk of having small for gestational age (SGA) infants, risk from maternal smoking was markedly higher as was the reduction in birthweight. In contrast, the risk of preeclampsia (PE) was markedly lower in smokers than in controls, while snus use was associated with a slightly increased risk. We suggest that PAHs acting via AhR may explain the stronger effects of tobacco smoking on SGA and also to the apparent protective effect of cigarette smoking on PE. Possible mechanisms involved include: i) disrupted endocrine control of fetal development as well as placental development and function, and ii) stress adaption and immune suppression in placenta and mother.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Håkon Valen
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Gunn E Vist
- Division for Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tom K Grimsrud
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Rune Becher
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ane M Holme
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jan Alexander
- Division of Climate and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
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Aloufi N, Namkung Y, Traboulsi H, Wilson ET, Laporte SA, Kaplan BLF, Ross MK, Nair P, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Standardized Cannabis Smoke Extract Induces Inflammation in Human Lung Fibroblasts. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:852029. [PMID: 35418857 PMCID: PMC8996138 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.852029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis (marijuana) is the most commonly used illicit product in the world and is the second most smoked plant after tobacco. There has been a rapid increase in the number of countries legalizing cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Smoking cannabis in the form of a joint is the most common mode of cannabis consumption. Combustion of cannabis smoke generates many of the same chemicals as tobacco smoke. Although the impact of tobacco smoke on respiratory health is well-known, the consequence of cannabis smoke on the respiratory system and, in particular, the inflammatory response is unclear. Besides the combustion products present in cannabis smoke, cannabis also contains cannabinoids including Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These compounds are hydrophobic and not present in aqueous solutions. In order to understand the impact of cannabis smoke on pathological mechanisms associated with adverse respiratory outcomes, the development of in vitro surrogates of cannabis smoke exposure is needed. Therefore, we developed a standardized protocol for the generation of cannabis smoke extract (CaSE) to investigate its effect on cellular mechanisms in vitro. First, we determined the concentration of Δ9-THC, one of the major cannabinoids, by ELISA and found that addition of methanol to the cell culture media during generation of the aqueous smoke extract significantly increased the amount of Δ9-THC. We also observed by LC-MS/MS that CaSE preparation with methanol contains CBD. Using a functional assay in cells for CB1 receptors, the major target of cannabinoids, we found that this CaSE contains Δ9-THC which activates CB1 receptors. Finally, this standardized preparation of CaSE induces an inflammatory response in human lung fibroblasts. This study provides an optimized protocol for aqueous CaSE preparation containing biologically active cannabinoids that can be used for in vitro experimentation of cannabis smoke and its potential impact on various indices of pulmonary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noof Aloufi
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Applied Medical Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yoon Namkung
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily T Wilson
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephane A Laporte
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Barbara L F Kaplan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University and St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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6
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Limits the Inflammatory Responses in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells via Interference with NF-κB Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040707. [PMID: 35203356 PMCID: PMC8870046 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from its role in the metabolism of carcinogens, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been suggested to be involved in the control of inflammatory responses within the respiratory tract. However, the mechanisms responsible for this are only partially known. In this study, we used A549 cell line, as a human model of lung alveolar type II (ATII)-like cells, to study the functional role of the AhR in control of inflammatory responses. Using IL-1β as an inflammation inducer, we found that the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 and secretion of prostaglandins, as well as expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, were significantly higher in the AhR-deficient A549 cells. This was linked with an increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, and significantly enhanced phosphorylation of its regulators, IKKα/β, and their target IκBα, in the AhR-deficient A549 cells. In line with this, when we mimicked the exposure to a complex mixture of airborne pollutants, using an organic extract of reference diesel exhaust particle mixture, an exacerbated inflammatory response was observed in the AhR-deficient cells, as compared with wild-type A549 cells. Together, the present results indicate that the AhR may act as a negative regulator of the inflammatory response in the A549 model, via a direct modulation of NF-κB signaling. Its role(s) in the control of inflammation within the lung alveoli exposed to airborne pollutants, especially those which simultaneously activate the AhR, thus deserve further attention.
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7
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Recillas-Román S, Montaño M, Ruiz V, Pérez-Ramos J, Becerril C, Herrera I, Amador-Muñoz O, Martínez-Domínguez YM, Ramos C. Wood Smoke Extract Promotes Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Normal Human Lung Fibroblasts. Int J Toxicol 2021; 40:506-516. [PMID: 34530646 DOI: 10.1177/10915818211044809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Wood smoke (WS) contains many harmful compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). WS induces inflammation in the airways and lungs and can lead to the development of various acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Pulmonary fibroblasts are the main cells involved in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during the WS-induced inflammatory response. Although fibroblasts remain in a low proliferation state under physiological conditions, they actively participate in ECM remodeling during the inflammatory response in pathophysiological states. Consequently, we used normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) to assess the potential effects of the PAHs-containing wood smoke extract (WSE) on the growth rate, total collagen synthesis, and the expression levels of collagen I and III, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, TIMP-2, and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. We also assessed MMPs activity. The results showed that WSE induced a trimodal behavior in the growth rate curves in NHLFs; the growth rate increased with 0.5-1 % WSE and decreased with 2.5% WSE, without causing cell damage; 5-20% WSE inhibited the growth and induced cell damage. After 3 hours of exposure, 2.5% WSE induced an increase in total collagen synthesis and upregulation of TGF-β1, collagen I and III, MMP-1, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 expression. However, MMP-2 expression was downregulated and MMP-9 was not expressed. The gelatinase activity of MMP-2 was also increased. These results suggest that WSE affects the ECM remodeling in NHLFs and indicate the potential involvement of PAHs in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Recillas-Román
- Doctorate in Biological and Health Sciences, 27789Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco (UAM-X), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Montaño
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Research in Pulmonary Fibrosis, 42635National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Víctor Ruiz
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Research in Pulmonary Fibrosis, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julia Pérez-Ramos
- Department of Biological Systems, 27789Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco (UAM-X), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carina Becerril
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Research in Pulmonary Fibrosis, 42635National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iliana Herrera
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Biopathology INER- Faculty of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico; Pulmonary Fibrosis Research Department, Ismael Cosío Villegas National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Amador-Muñoz
- Group of Chemical Speciation of Atmospheric Organic Aerosols, Center for Atmospheric Sciences, 7180National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico
| | - Y Margarita Martínez-Domínguez
- Group of Chemical Speciation of Atmospheric Organic Aerosols, Center for Atmospheric Sciences, 7180National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico
| | - Carlos Ramos
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Research in Pulmonary Fibrosis, 42635National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
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Hsu HL, Chen HK, Tsai CH, Liao PL, Chan YJ, Lee YC, Lee CC, Li CH. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Defect Attenuates Mitogen-Activated Signaling through Leucine-Rich Repeats and Immunoglobulin-like Domains 1 (LRIG1)-Dependent EGFR Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9988. [PMID: 34576152 PMCID: PMC8464816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) genomic pathway has been well-characterized in a number of respiratory diseases. In addition, the cytoplasmic AHR protein may act as an adaptor of E3 ubiquitin ligase. In this study, the physiological functions of AHR that regulate cell proliferation were explored using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The doubling-time of the AHR-KO clones of A549 and BEAS-2B was observed to be prolonged. The attenuation of proliferation potential was strongly associated with either the induction of p27Kip1 or the impairment in mitogenic signal transduction driven by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF receptor (EGFR). We found that the leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1), a repressor of EGFR, was induced in the absence of AHR in vitro and in vivo. The LRIG1 tends to degrade via a proteasome dependent manner by interacting with AHR in wild-type cells. Either LRIG1 or a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) were accumulated in AHR-defective cells, consequently accelerating the degradation of EGFR, and attenuating the response to mitogenic stimulation. We also affirmed low AHR but high LRIG1 levels in lung tissues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This might partially elucidate the sluggish tissue repairment and developing inflammation in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Lin Hsu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Hong-Kai Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Hao Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA;
| | - Po-Lin Liao
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Ju Chan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Cheng Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Chen Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medicine University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
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9
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Simms L, Mason E, Berg EL, Yu F, Rudd K, Czekala L, Trelles Sticken E, Brinster O, Wieczorek R, Stevenson M, Walele T. Use of a rapid human primary cell-based disease screening model, to compare next generation products to combustible cigarettes. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:309-321. [PMID: 34485931 PMCID: PMC8408431 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing number of public health bodies, regulators and governments around the world consider electronic vapor products a lower risk alternative to conventional cigarettes. Of critical importance are rapid new approach methodologies to enable the screening of next generation products (NGPs) also known as next generation tobacco and nicotine products. In this study, the activity of conventional cigarette (3R4F) smoke and a range of NGP aerosols (heated tobacco product, hybrid product and electronic vapor product) captured in phosphate buffered saline, were screened by exposing a panel of human cell-based model systems using Biologically Multiplexed Activity Profiling (BioMAP® Diversity PLUS® Panel, Eurofins Discovery). Following exposure, the biological activity for a wide range of biomarkers in the BioMAP panel were compared to determine the presence of toxicity signatures that are associated with specific clinical findings. NGP aerosols were found to be weakly active in the BioMAP Diversity PLUS Panel (≤3/148 biomarkers) whereas significant activity was observed for 3R4F (22/148 biomarkers). Toxicity associated biomarker signatures for 3R4F included immunosuppression, skin irritation and thrombosis, with no toxicity signatures seen for the NGPs. BioMAP profiling could effectively be used to differentiate between complex mixtures of cigarette smoke or NGP aerosol extracts in a panel of human primary cell-based assays. Clinical validation of these results will be critical for confirming the utility of BioMAP for screening NGPs for potential adverse human effects.
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Key Words
- ACM, aerosol collected mass
- AhR, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
- Alternative methods
- COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- EVP, Electronic vapor product
- HDFn, Human neonatal dermal fibroblasts
- HTP, Heated Tobacco Product
- HUVEC, Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- HYB, Hybrid product containing e-liquid drawn through a tobacco plug
- IL, interleukin
- ISO, International Organization for Standardization
- In vitro assays
- MOA, Mechanism of action
- M−CSF, Macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- NGP, Next generation product
- NRC, National Research Council
- NRF2, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
- Next generation products
- PBMC, Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PBS, Phosphate buffered saline
- Panel
- Phenotypic screening
- SRB, Sulforhodamine B
- TCR, T cell receptor
- TF, Tissue factor
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- TPM, Total particulate matter
- Toxicity signature
- bPBS, Bubbled phosphate buffered saline
- mTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Simms
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Elizabeth Mason
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Ellen L. Berg
- Eurofins Discovery, Inc., 111 Anza Blvd, Suite 414, Burlingame, CA 94010, USA
| | - Fan Yu
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Kathryn Rudd
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Lukasz Czekala
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
| | - Edgar Trelles Sticken
- Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, An Imperial Brands PLC Company, Albert-EinsteinRing-7, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oleg Brinster
- Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, An Imperial Brands PLC Company, Albert-EinsteinRing-7, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roman Wieczorek
- Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH, An Imperial Brands PLC Company, Albert-EinsteinRing-7, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Tanvir Walele
- Imperial Brands PLC, 121 Winterstoke Road, Bristol BS3 2LL UK
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10
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Guerrina N, Traboulsi H, Rico de Souza A, Bossé Y, Thatcher TH, Robichaud A, Ding J, Li PZ, Simon L, Pareek S, Bourbeau J, Tan WC, Benedetti A, Obeidat M, Sin DD, Brandsma CA, Nickle DC, Sime PJ, Phipps RP, Nair P, Zago M, Hamid Q, Smith BM, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor deficiency causes the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through the integration of multiple pathogenic mechanisms. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21376. [PMID: 33605487 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002350r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Emphysema, a component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible alveolar destruction that results in a progressive decline in lung function. This alveolar destruction is caused by cigarette smoke, the most important risk factor for COPD. Only 15%-20% of smokers develop COPD, suggesting that unknown factors contribute to disease pathogenesis. We postulate that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a receptor/transcription factor highly expressed in the lungs, may be a new susceptibility factor whose expression protects against COPD. Here, we report that Ahr-deficient mice chronically exposed to cigarette smoke develop airspace enlargement concomitant with a decline in lung function. Chronic cigarette smoke exposure also increased cleaved caspase-3, lowered SOD2 expression, and altered MMP9 and TIMP-1 levels in Ahr-deficient mice. We also show that people with COPD have reduced expression of pulmonary and systemic AHR, with systemic AHR mRNA levels positively correlating with lung function. Systemic AHR was also lower in never-smokers with COPD. Thus, AHR expression protects against the development of COPD by controlling interrelated mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. This study identifies the AHR as a new, central player in the homeostatic maintenance of lung health, providing a foundation for the AHR as a novel therapeutic target and/or predictive biomarker in chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necola Guerrina
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Jun Ding
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pei Z Li
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Leora Simon
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Swati Pareek
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wan C Tan
- The University of British Columbia (UBC) James Hogg Research Centre, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University & St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Qutayba Hamid
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,University of Sharjah College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Benjamin M Smith
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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11
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Rico de Souza A, Traboulsi H, Wang X, Fritz JH, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Attenuates Acute Cigarette Smoke-Induced Airway Neutrophilia Independent of the Dioxin Response Element. Front Immunol 2021; 12:630427. [PMID: 33659010 PMCID: PMC7917085 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.630427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a prevalent respiratory toxicant that remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Cigarette smoke induces inflammation in the lungs and airways that contributes to the development of diseases such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Due to the presence of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands in cigarette smoke, activation of the AhR has been implicated in driving this inflammatory response. However, we have previously shown that the AhR suppresses cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation, but the mechanism by which the AhR achieves its anti-inflammatory function is unknown. In this study, we use the AhR antagonist CH-223191 to inhibit AhR activity in mice. After an acute (3-day) cigarette smoke exposure, AhR inhibition was associated with significantly enhanced neutrophilia in the airways in response to cigarette smoke, mimicking the phenotype of AhR-deficient mice. We then used genetically-modified mouse strains which express an AhR that can bind ligand but either cannot translocate to the nucleus or bind its cognate response element, to show that these features of the AhR pathway are not required for the AhR to suppress pulmonary neutrophilia. Finally, using the non-toxic endogenous AhR ligand FICZ, we provide proof-of-concept that activation of pulmonary AhR attenuates smoke-induced inflammation. Collectively, these results support the importance of AhR activity in mediating its anti-inflammatory function in response to cigarette smoke. Further investigation of the precise mechanisms by which the AhR exerts is protective functions may lead to the development of therapeutic agents to treat people with chronic lung diseases that have an inflammatory etiology, but for which few therapeutic options exist.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jorg H. Fritz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Carolyn J. Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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12
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Bhat TA, Kalathil SG, Bogner PN, Lehmann PV, Thatcher TH, Sime PJ, Thanavala Y. AT-RvD1 Mitigates Secondhand Smoke-Exacerbated Pulmonary Inflammation and Restores Secondhand Smoke-Suppressed Antibacterial Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:1348-1360. [PMID: 33558371 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a potent proinflammatory trigger contributing to acute lung injury and the development of chronic lung diseases via mechanisms that include the impairment of inflammation resolution. We have previously demonstrated that secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure exacerbates bacterial infection-induced pulmonary inflammation and suppresses immune responses. It is now recognized that resolution of inflammation is a bioactive process mediated by lipid-derived specialized proresolving mediators that counterregulate proinflammatory signaling and promote resolution pathways. We therefore hypothesized that proresolving mediators could reduce the burden of inflammation due to chronic lung infection following SHS exposure and restore normal immune responses to respiratory pathogens. To address this question, we exposed mice to SHS followed by chronic infection with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI). Some groups of mice were treated with aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) during the latter half of the smoke exposure period or during a period of smoking cessation and before infection. Treatment with AT-RvD1 markedly reduced the recruitment of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage and levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Additionally, treatment with AT-RvD1 improved Ab titers against the NTHI outer membrane lipoprotein Ag P6 following infection. Furthermore, treatment with AT-RvD1 prior to classically adjuvanted immunization with P6 increased Ag-specific Ab titers, resulting in rapid clearance of NTHI from the lungs after acute challenge. Collectively, we have demonstrated that AT-RvD1 potently reverses the detrimental effects of SHS on pulmonary inflammation and immunity and thus could be beneficial in reducing lung injury associated with smoke exposure and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Bhat
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | | | - Paul N Bogner
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | | | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Yasmin Thanavala
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263;
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13
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Han H, Jayaraman A, Safe S, Chapkin RS. Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in stem cells to improve the use of food as medicine. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021; 6:109-118. [PMID: 34395177 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review Intestinal stem cells, the most rapidly proliferating adult stem cells, are exquisitely sensitive to extrinsic dietary factors. Uncontrolled regulation of intestinal stem cells is closely linked to colon tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how dietary and microbial derived cues regulate intestinal stem cell functionality and colon tumorigenesis in mouse models by targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Recent findings AhR, a ligand activated transcription factor, can integrate environmental, dietary and microbial cues to modulate intestinal stem cell proliferation, differentiation and their microenvironment, affecting colon cancer risk. Modulation of AhR activity is associated with many chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases where AhR expression is protective. Summary AhR signaling controls the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells, influences local niche factors, and plays a protective role in colon tumorigenesis. Mounting evidence suggests that extrinsic nutritional/dietary cues which modulate AhR signaling may be a promising approach to colon cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
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14
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Guerrina N, Aloufi N, Shi F, Prasade K, Mehrotra C, Traboulsi H, Matthews J, Eidelman DH, Hamid Q, Baglole CJ. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor reduces LC3II expression and controls endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L339-L355. [PMID: 33236922 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00122.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor whose physiological function is poorly understood. The AhR is highly expressed in barrier organs such as the skin, intestine, and lung. The lungs are continuously exposed to environmental pollutants such as cigarette smoke (CS) that can induce cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. CS also contains toxicants that are AhR ligands. We have previously shown that the AhR protects against apoptosis, but whether the AhR also protects against autophagy or ER stress is not known. Using cigarette smoke extract (CSE) as our in vitro surrogate of environmental tobacco exposure, we first assessed the conversion of LC3I to LC3II, a classic feature of both autophagic and ER stress-mediated cell death pathways. LC3II was elevated in CSE-exposed lung structural cells [mouse lung fibroblasts (MLFs), MLE12 and A549 cells] when AhR was absent. However, this heightened LC3II expression could not be explained by increased expression of key autophagy genes (Gabarapl1, Becn1, Map1lc3b), upregulation of upstream autophagic machinery (Atg5-12, Atg3), or impaired autophagic flux, suggesting that LC3II may be autophagy independent. This was further supported by the absence of autophagosomes in Ahr-/- lung cells. However, Ahr-/- lung cells had widespread ER dilation, elevated expression of the ER stress markers CHOP and GADD34, and an accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. These findings collectively illustrate a novel role for the AhR in attenuating ER stress by a mechanism that may be autophagy independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necola Guerrina
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Noof Aloufi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fangyi Shi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kashmira Prasade
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caitlin Mehrotra
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hussein Traboulsi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Ishihara Y, Haarmann-Stemmann T, Kado NY, Vogel CFA. Interleukin 33 Expression Induced by Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Macrophages. Toxicol Sci 2020; 170:404-414. [PMID: 31093659 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contained in airborne particulate matter have been identified as a contributing factor for inflammation in the respiratory tract. Recently, interleukin-33 (IL-33) is strongly suggested to be associated with airway inflammation. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a receptor for PAHs to regulate several metabolic enzymes, but the relationships between AhR and airway inflammation are still unclear. In this study, we examined the role of AhR in the expression of IL-33 in macrophages. THP-1 macrophages mainly expressed IL-33 variant 5, which in turn was strongly induced by the AhR agonists 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and kynurenine (KYN). AhR antagonist CH223191 suppressed the increase in IL-33 expression. Promoter analysis revealed that the IL-33 promoter has 2 dioxin response elements (DREs). AhR was recruited to both DREs after treatment with TCDD or KYN as assessed by gel shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. A luciferase assay showed that one of the DREs was functional and involved in the expression of IL-33. Macrophages isolated from AhR-null mice expressed only low levels of IL-33 even in response to treatment with AhR ligands compared with wild-type cells. The treatment of THP-1 macrophages with diesel particulate matter and particle extracts increased the mRNA and protein expression of IL-33. Taken together, the results show that ligand-activated AhR mediates the induction of IL-33 in macrophages via a DRE located in the IL-33 promoter region. AhR-mediated IL-33 induction could be involved in the exacerbation and/or prolongation of airway inflammation elicited by toxic chemical substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis 95616, California.,Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | | | - Norman Y Kado
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis 95616, California.,Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis 95616, California.,Air Resources Board, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95812, California
| | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis 95616, California.,Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis 95616, California
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16
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Connects Inflammation to Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155264. [PMID: 32722276 PMCID: PMC7432832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), an evolutionary conserved transcription factor, is a pleiotropic signal transductor. Thanks to its promiscuous ligand binding domain, during the evolution of eukaryotic cells its developmental functions were integrated with biosensor functions. Its activation by a multitude of endogenous and exogenous molecules stimulates its participation in several pathways, some of which are linked to inflammation and breast cancer (BC). Over time, the study of this malignancy has led to the identification of several therapeutic targets in cancer cells. An intense area of study is dedicated to BC phenotypes lacking adequate targets. In this context, due to its high constitutive activation in BC, AhR is currently gaining more and more attention. In this review, I have considered its interactions with: 1. the immune system, whose dysregulation is a renowned cancer hallmark; 2. interleukin 6 (IL6) which is a pivotal inflammatory marker and is closely correlated to breast cancer risk; 3. NF-kB, another evolutionary conserved transcription factor, which plays a key role in immunoregulatory functions, inflammatory response and breast carcinogenesis; 4. kynurenine, a tryptophan-derived ligand that activates and bridges AhR to chronic inflammation and breast carcinogenesis. Overall, the data here presented form an interesting framework where AhR is an interesting connector between inflammation and BC.
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17
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Che X, Dai W. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: Its Regulation and Roles in Transformation and Tumorigenesis. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:625-634. [PMID: 30411679 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666181109092225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AhR is an environmental response gene that mediates cellular responses to a variety of xenobiotic compounds that frequently function as AhR ligands. Many AhR ligands are classified as carcinogens or pro-carcinogens. Thus, AhR itself acts as a major mediator of the carcinogenic effect of many xenobiotics in vivo. In this concise review, mechanisms by which AhR trans-activates downstream target gene expression, modulates immune responses, and mediates malignant transformation and tumor development are discussed. Moreover, activation of AhR by post-translational modifications and crosstalk with other transcription factors or signaling pathways are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Che
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10010, United States
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10010, United States
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18
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an aggravating autoimmune disease that cripples young patients slowly with physical, sensory and cognitive deficits. The break of self-tolerance to neuronal antigens is the key to the pathogenesis of MS, with autoreactive T cells causing demyelination that subsequently leads to inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative events in the central nervous system. The exact etiology of MS remains elusive; however, the interplay of genetic and environmental factors contributes to disease development and progression. Given that genetic variation only accounts for a fraction of risk for MS, extrinsic risk factors including smoking, infection and lack of vitamin D or sunshine, which cause changes in gene expression, contribute to disease development through epigenetic regulation. To date, there is a growing body of scientific evidence to support the important roles of epigenetic processes in MS. In this chapter, the three main layers of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, namely DNA methylation, histone modification and microRNA-mediated gene regulation, will be discussed, with a particular focus on the role of epigenetics on dysregulated immune responses and neurodegenerative events in MS. Also, the potential for epigenetic modifiers as biomarkers and therapeutics for MS will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Sau-Fong Chan
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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19
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Rossner P, Libalova H, Cervena T, Vrbova K, Elzeinova F, Milcova A, Rossnerova A, Novakova Z, Ciganek M, Pokorna M, Ambroz A, Topinka J. The processes associated with lipid peroxidation in human embryonic lung fibroblasts, treated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organic extract from particulate matter. Mutagenesis 2020; 34:153-164. [PMID: 30852615 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may cause lipid peroxidation via reactive oxygen species generation. 15-F2t-isoprostane (IsoP), an oxidative stress marker, is formed from arachidonic acid (AA) by a free-radical induced oxidation. AA may also be converted to prostaglandins (PG) by prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS) induced by NF-κB. We treated human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL12469) with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA) and extractable organic matter (EOM) from ambient air particulate matter <2.5 µm for 4 and 24 h. B[a]P and 3-NBA induced expression of PAH metabolising, but not antioxidant enzymes. The concentrations of IsoP decreased, whereas the levels of AA tended to increase. Although the activity of NF-κB was not detected, the tested compounds affected the expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2). The levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) decreased following exposure to B[a]P, whereas 3-NBA exposure tended to increase PGE2 concentration. A distinct response was observed after EOM exposure: expression of PAH-metabolising enzymes was induced, IsoP levels increased after 24-h treatment but AA concentration was not affected. The activity of NF-κB increased after both exposure periods, and a significant induction of PTGS2 expression was found following 4-h treatment. Similarly to PAHs, the EOM exposure was associated with a decrease of PGE2 levels. In summary, exposure to PAHs with low pro-oxidant potential results in a decrease of IsoP levels implying 'antioxidant' properties. For such compounds, IsoP may not be a suitable marker of lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Rossner
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Libalova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Cervena
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Vrbova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fatima Elzeinova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Milcova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Rossnerova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Novakova
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ciganek
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Pokorna
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Ambroz
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Nanotoxicology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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20
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Principe DR, Rana A. Updated risk factors to inform early pancreatic cancer screening and identify high risk patients. Cancer Lett 2020; 485:56-65. [PMID: 32389710 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor clinical outcomes and incomplete responses to conventional therapy. Therefore, there is an unmet clinical need to better understand the predisposing factors for pancreatic cancer in hopes of providing early screening to high-risk patients. While select risk factors such as age, race, and family history, or predisposing syndromes are unavoidable, there are several new and established risk factors that allow for intervention, namely by counseling patients to make the appropriate lifestyle modifications. Here, we discuss the best-studied risk factors for PDAC such as tobacco use and chronic pancreatitis, as well as newly emerging risk factors including select nutritional deficits, bacterial infections, and psychosocial factors. As several of these risk factors appear to be additive or synergistic, by understanding their relationships and offering coordinated, multidisciplinary care to high-risk patients, it may be possible to reduce pancreatic cancer incidence and improve clinical outcomes through early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Principe
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ajay Rana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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21
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Puyskens A, Stinn A, van der Vaart M, Kreuchwig A, Protze J, Pei G, Klemm M, Guhlich-Bornhof U, Hurwitz R, Krishnamoorthy G, Schaaf M, Krause G, Meijer AH, Kaufmann SHE, Moura-Alves P. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Modulation by Tuberculosis Drugs Impairs Host Defense and Treatment Outcomes. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 27:238-248.e7. [PMID: 31901518 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in tuberculosis (TB) is a public health threat of global dimension, worsened by increasing drug resistance. Host-directed therapy (HDT) is an emerging concept currently explored as an adjunct therapeutic strategy for TB. One potential host target is the ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which binds TB virulence factors and controls antibacterial responses. Here, we demonstrate that in the context of therapy, the AhR binds several TB drugs, including front line drugs rifampicin (RIF) and rifabutin (RFB), resulting in altered host defense and drug metabolism. AhR sensing of TB drugs modulates host defense mechanisms, notably impairs phagocytosis, and increases TB drug metabolism. Targeting AhR in vivo with a small-molecule inhibitor increases RFB-treatment efficacy. Thus, the AhR markedly impacts TB outcome by affecting both host defense and drug metabolism. As a corollary, we propose the AhR as a potential target for HDT in TB in adjunct to canonical chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Puyskens
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Anne Stinn
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department for Structural Infection Biology, Center for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestraße 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Michiel van der Vaart
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333, the Netherlands
| | - Annika Kreuchwig
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Jonas Protze
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Gang Pei
- Institute of Immunology, Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Südufer 10, Greifswald-Insel Riems 17493, Germany
| | - Marion Klemm
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Ute Guhlich-Bornhof
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Robert Hurwitz
- Protein Purification Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Gopinath Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Marcel Schaaf
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333, the Netherlands
| | - Gerd Krause
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Annemarie H Meijer
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, Leiden 2333, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan H E Kaufmann
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany; Hagler Institute for Advanced Study at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Pedro Moura-Alves
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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22
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Muku GE, Murray IA, Perdew GH. Activation of the Ah Receptor Modulates Gastrointestinal Homeostasis and the Intestinal Microbiome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-019-00197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Sung YJ, de las Fuentes L, Winkler TW, Chasman DI, Bentley AR, Kraja AT, Ntalla I, Warren HR, Guo X, Schwander K, Manning AK, Brown MR, Aschard H, Feitosa MF, Franceschini N, Lu Y, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Marten J, Musani SK, Kilpeläinen TO, Richard MA, Aslibekyan S, Bartz TM, Dorajoo R, Li C, Liu Y, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Tayo BO, Zhao W, Zhou Y, Matoba N, Sofer T, Alver M, Amini M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gandin I, Gao C, Giulianini F, Goel A, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kammerer CM, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Leander K, Lee WJ, Lin KH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, McKenzie CA, Nelson CP, Noordam R, Scott RA, Sheu WHH, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Waken RJ, Wang H, Wang Y, Ware EB, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Alfred T, Amin N, Arking DE, Aung T, Barr RG, Bielak LF, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brody JA, Broeckel U, Cade B, Campbell A, Canouil M, Chakravarti A, Cocca M, Collins FS, Connell JM, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Dörr M, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Ehret G, Evangelou E, Faul JD, Forouhi NG, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Gao H, Gigante B, Gu CC, Gupta P, Hagenaars SP, Harris TB, He J, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hofman A, Howard BV, Hunt SC, Irvin MR, Jia Y, Katsuya T, Kaufman J, Kerrison ND, Khor CC, Koh WP, Koistinen HA, Kooperberg CB, Krieger JE, Kubo M, Kutalik Z, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lee JH, Lehne B, Levy D, Lewis CE, Li Y, Lim SH, Liu CT, Liu J, Liu J, Liu Y, Loh M, Lohman KK, Louie T, Mägi R, Matsuda K, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milani L, Momozawa Y, Mosley, Jr TH, Nalls MA, Nasri U, O'Connell JR, Ogunniyi A, Palmas WR, Palmer ND, Pankow JS, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Porteous D, Raitakari OT, Renström F, Rice TK, Ridker PM, Robino A, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Salako BL, Sandow K, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Sever P, Sims M, Sitlani CM, Smith BH, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Tang H, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Uitterlinden AG, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang YX, Wei WB, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Xiang YB, Yao J, Yuan JM, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Chen YDI, Weir DR, de Faire U, Deary IJ, Esko T, Farrall M, Forrester T, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Hung YJ, Jonas JB, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Lehtimäki T, Liang KW, Magnusson PKE, Oldehinkel AJ, Pereira AC, Perls T, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Rettig R, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Wickremasinghe AR, Wu T, Kamatani Y, Laurie CC, Bouchard C, Cooper RS, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Hixson J, Kardia SLR, Kritchevsky SB, Psaty BM, van Dam RM, Arnett DK, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Loos RJF, Reiner AP, Rotimi CN, Bierut LJ, Zhu X, Cupples LA, Province MA, Rotter JI, Franks PW, Rice K, Elliott P, Caulfield MJ, Gauderman WJ, Munroe PB, Rao DC, Morrison AC. A multi-ancestry genome-wide study incorporating gene-smoking interactions identifies multiple new loci for pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:2615-2633. [PMID: 31127295 PMCID: PMC6644157 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure (BP), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking is one such lifestyle factor. Across five ancestries, we performed a genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 129 913 individuals in stage 1 and follow-up analysis in 480 178 additional individuals in stage 2. We report here 136 loci significantly associated with MAP and/or PP. Of these, 61 were previously published through main-effect analysis of BP traits, 37 were recently reported by us for systolic BP and/or diastolic BP through gene-smoking interaction analysis and 38 were newly identified (P < 5 × 10-8, false discovery rate < 0.05). We also identified nine new signals near known loci. Of the 136 loci, 8 showed significant interaction with smoking status. They include CSMD1 previously reported for insulin resistance and BP in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. Many of the 38 new loci show biologic plausibility for a role in BP regulation. SLC26A7 encodes a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger expressed in the renal outer medullary collecting duct. AVPR1A is widely expressed, including in vascular smooth muscle cells, kidney, myocardium and brain. FHAD1 is a long non-coding RNA overexpressed in heart failure. TMEM51 was associated with contractile function in cardiomyocytes. CASP9 plays a central role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Identified only in African ancestry were 30 novel loci. Our findings highlight the value of multi-ancestry investigations, particularly in studies of interaction with lifestyle factors, where genomic and lifestyle differences may contribute to novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Meian He
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CA, USA
| | - Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Anuradhani Kasturiratne
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jian’an Luan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Scott
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Robert J Waken
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saima Afaq
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tamuno Alfred
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Georg Ehret
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Specialties of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - He Gao
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat—National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences and Department of Medicine, Georgetown–Howard Universities, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Joel Kaufman
- Epidemiology, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke–NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki Finland
| | - Charles B Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Institute of Social Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Levy
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Sing Hui Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingmin Liu
- WHI CCC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yeheng Liu
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marie Loh
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory for Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ubaydah Nasri
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital ‘Sveti Ivan’, Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David Porteous
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kevin Sandow
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William R Scott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yao
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernardo Lessa Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Perls
- Geriatrics Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rettig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | | | - Tangchun Wu
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - James Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean’s Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke–NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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24
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Dalvi S, Galloway CA, Winschel L, Hashim A, Soto C, Tang C, MacDonald LA, Singh R. Environmental stress impairs photoreceptor outer segment (POS) phagocytosis and degradation and induces autofluorescent material accumulation in hiPSC-RPE cells. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:96. [PMID: 31123602 PMCID: PMC6522536 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell dysfunction is central to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of adult blindness. Aging, the single biggest risk factor for AMD development, favors increase in RPE autofluorescent material due to accumulation of POS-digestion by-products through lysosomal dysfunction and impaired POS degradation. Apart from aging, environmental agents affect lysosomal function in multiple model systems and are implicated in AMD. Iron (Fe) overload and cigarette smoke exposure are the two environmental factors that are known to affect the lysosomal pathway and impact RPE cell health. However, the impact of Fe and cigarette smoke, on POS processing and its consequence for autofluorescent material accumulation in human RPE cells are yet to be established. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived RPE, which phagocytoses and degrades POS in culture and can be derived from control individuals (no history/susceptibility for retinal disease), provides a model system to investigate the singular effect of excess Fe and/or cigarette smoke on POS processing by RPE cells. Using at least three distinct control hiPSC lines, we show that, compared to untreated hiPSC-RPE cells, POS uptake is reduced in both Fe (ferric ammonium citrate or FAC) and FAC + CSE (cigarette smoke extract)-treated hiPSC-RPE cells. Furthermore, exposure of hiPSC-RPE cultures to FAC + CSE leads to reduced levels of active cathepsin-D (CTSD), a lysosomal enzyme involved in POS processing, and causes delayed degradation of POS. Notably, delayed degradation of POS over time (2 weeks) in hiPSC-RPE cells exposed to Fe and CSE was sufficient to increase autofluorescent material build-up in these cells. Given that inefficient POS processing-mediated autofluorescent material accumulation in RPE cells has already been linked to AMD development, our results implicate a causative role of environmental agents, like Fe and cigarette smoke, in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Dalvi
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Chad A Galloway
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,5Present Address: Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Lauren Winschel
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Ali Hashim
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Celia Soto
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Cynthia Tang
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Leslie A MacDonald
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Ruchira Singh
- 1Department of Ophthalmology (Flaum Eye Institute), University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.,3UR Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Rochester, NY USA.,4Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
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25
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Thatcher TH, Woeller CF, McCarthy CE, Sime PJ. Quenching the fires: Pro-resolving mediators, air pollution, and smoking. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 197:212-224. [PMID: 30759375 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to air pollution and other environmental inhalation hazards, such as occupational exposures to dusts and fumes, aeroallergens, and tobacco smoke, is a significant cause of chronic lung inflammation leading to respiratory disease. It is now recognized that resolution of inflammation is an active process controlled by a novel family of small lipid mediators termed "specialized pro-resolving mediators" or SPMs, derived mainly from dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Chronic inflammation results from an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution pathways. Research is ongoing to develop SPMs, and the pro-resolution pathway more generally, as a novel therapeutic approach to diseases characterized by chronic inflammation. Here, we will review evidence that the resolution pathway is dysregulated in chronic lung inflammatory diseases, and that SPMs and related molecules have exciting therapeutic potential to reverse or prevent chronic lung inflammation, with a focus on lung inflammation due to inhalation of environmental hazards including urban particulate matter, organic dusts and tobacco smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Thatcher
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Collynn F Woeller
- Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Claire E McCarthy
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Biology, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
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26
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Bock KW. Human AHR functions in vascular tissue: Pro- and anti-inflammatory responses of AHR agonists in atherosclerosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 159:116-120. [PMID: 30508524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of intense research physiologic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) functions have not been elucidated. Challenges include marked species differences and dependence on cell type and cellular context. A previous commentary on human AHR functions in skin and intestine has been extended to vascular tissue. Similar functions appear to be operating in vascular tissue including microbial defense, modulation of stem/progenitor cells as well as control of immunity and inflammation. However, AHR functions are Janus faced: Detrimental AHR functions in vascular tissue are well documented, e.g., upon exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke leading to oxidative stress and generation of oxidized LDL. Modified LDL particles accumulate in macrophages and smooth muscle-derived pro-inflammatory foam cells, the hallmark of atherosclerosis. On the other hand, numerous anti-inflammatory AHR agonists have been identified including bilirubin and quercetin. Mechanisms as to how AHR produces pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in the vascular system need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Walter Bock
- Department of Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wilhelmstrasse 56, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany.
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27
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Bhat TA, Kalathil SG, Bogner PN, Miller A, Lehmann PV, Thatcher TH, Phipps RP, Sime PJ, Thanavala Y. Secondhand Smoke Induces Inflammation and Impairs Immunity to Respiratory Infections. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:2927-2940. [PMID: 29555783 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite advocacy to reduce smoking-related diseases, >1 billion people worldwide continue to smoke. Smoking is immunosuppressive and an important etiological factor in the development of several human disorders including respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, there is a critical gap in the knowledge of the role of secondhand smoke (SHS) in inflammation and immunity. We therefore studied the influence of SHS on pulmonary inflammation and immune responses to respiratory infection by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) recurrently found in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Chronic SHS-exposed mice were chronically infected with NTHI and pulmonary inflammation was evaluated by histology. Immune cell numbers and cytokines were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Chronic SHS exposure impaired NTHI P6 Ag-specific B and T cell responses following chronic NTHI infection as measured by ELISPOT assays, reduced the production of Abs in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage, and enhanced albumin leak into the bronchoalveolar lavage as determined by ELISA. Histopathological examination of lungs revealed lymphocytic accumulation surrounding airways and bronchovasculature following chronic SHS exposure and chronic infection. Chronic SHS exposure enhanced the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the lungs, and impaired the generation of adaptive immunity following either chronic infection or P6 vaccination. Chronic SHS exposure diminished bacterial clearance from the lungs after acute NTHI challenge, whereas P6 vaccination improved clearance equivalent to the level seen in air-exposed, non-vaccinated mice. Our study provides unequivocal evidence that SHS exposure has long-term detrimental effects on the pulmonary inflammatory microenvironment and immunity to infection and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Bhat
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | | | - Paul N Bogner
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Austin Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | | | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and.,Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Yasmin Thanavala
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263;
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28
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The oral commensal Streptococcus mitis activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in human oral epithelial cells. Int J Oral Sci 2017. [PMID: 28621325 PMCID: PMC5709542 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mitis (S. mitis) is a pioneer commensal bacterial species colonizing many of the surfaces of the oral cavity in healthy individuals. Yet, not much information is available regarding its interaction with the host. We used examination of its transcriptional regulation in oral keratinocytes to elucidate some of its potential roles in the oral cavity. Transcription factor analysis of oral keratinocytes predicted S. mitis-mediated activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Activation and functionality of AhR was confirmed through nuclear translocation determined by immunofluorescence microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription analysis of CYP1A1, the hallmark gene for AhR activation. Addition of Streptococcus mutans or Streptococcus gordonii did not induce CYP1A1 transcription in the keratinocyte cultures. Introduction of an AhR-specific inhibitor revealed that S. mitis-mediated transcription of CXCL2 and CXCL8 was regulated by AhR. Elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in supernatants from S. mitis-treated oral epithelial cells were also attenuated by inhibition of AhR activity. The observed AhR-regulated activities point to a contribution of S. mitis in the regulation of inflammatory responses and thereby to wound healing in the oral cavity. The concept that the oral commensal microbiota can induce AhR activation is important, also in view of the role that AhR has in modulation of T-cell differentiation and as an anti-inflammatory factor in macrophages.
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29
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McCarthy CE, Duffney PF, Wyatt JD, Thatcher TH, Phipps RP, Sime PJ. Comparison of in vitro toxicological effects of biomass smoke from different sources of animal dung. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 43:76-86. [PMID: 28572013 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, over 4 million premature deaths each year are attributed to the burning of biomass fuels for cooking and heating. Epidemiological studies associate household air pollution with lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, and respiratory infections. Animal dung, a biomass fuel used by economically vulnerable populations, generates more toxic compounds per mass burned than other biomass fuels. The type of animal dung used varies widely depending on local agro-geography. There are currently neither standardized experimental systems for dung biomass smoke research nor studies assessing the health impacts of different types of dung smoke. Here, we used a novel reproducible exposure system to assess outcomes related to inflammation and respiratory infections in human airway cells exposed to six different types of dung biomass smoke. We report that dung biomass smoke, regardless of species, is pro-inflammatory and activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and JNK transcription factors; however, dung smoke also suppresses interferon responses after a challenge with a viral mimetic. These effects are consistent with epidemiological data, and suggest a mechanism by which the combustion of animal dung can directly cause lung diseases, promote increased susceptibility to infection, and contribute to the global health problem of household air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E McCarthy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Parker F Duffney
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Wyatt
- Division of Comparative Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States; Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, United States.
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30
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Lee DH, Hwang SH, Lim MK, Oh JK, Song DY, Yun EH, Park EY. Performance of urine cotinine and hypomethylation of AHRR and F2RL3 as biomarkers for smoking exposure in a population-based cohort. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176783. [PMID: 28453567 PMCID: PMC5409156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating an association between smoking and DNA methylation. Accordingly, DNA methylation is now considered a promising biomarker of smoking exposure. We evaluated the relationship between methylation markers (AHRR and F2RL3) and urine cotinine as well as self-reported smoking status. DNA methylation levels of AHRR and F2RL3 in blood as well as urine cotinine were measured in 330 adults (46 to 87 years of age). Pyrosequencing was performed to measure DNA methylation of AHRR and F2RL3 associated with smoking exposure. The lung cancer risk associated with DNA methylation and urine cotinine was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The AHRR and F2RL3 genes were significantly hypomethylated in current smokers compared to in individuals who have never smoked. An inverse relationship was observed between urine cotinine and methylation levels. Methylation of AHRR and F2RL3 distinguished current smokers from never-smokers with high accuracy. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that AHRR methylation is significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer (OR = 0.96, P = 0.011). Our study validated the smoking-associated DNA methylation markers reported in a Korean population-based cohort. In conclusion, DNA methylation of AHRR and F2RL3 provided accurate measures for smoking exposure. Methylation markers reflecting the long-term effect of smoking on the risk of lung cancer showed better performance in distinguishing former smokers from never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Diagnostic Oncology, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Diagnostic Oncology, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Hematologic Malignancy Branch, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Min Kyung Lim
- Department of Cancer Control Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, and National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Risk Appraisal and Prevention Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Oh
- Department of Cancer Control Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, and National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Risk Appraisal and Prevention Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Song
- Cancer Risk Appraisal and Prevention Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - E. Hwa Yun
- Department of Cancer Control Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, and National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Risk Appraisal and Prevention Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Carcinogenic Hazard Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeinggi-do, Republic of Korea
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31
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McCarthy CE, Duffney PF, Gelein R, Thatcher TH, Elder A, Phipps RP, Sime PJ. Dung biomass smoke activates inflammatory signaling pathways in human small airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1222-L1233. [PMID: 27836898 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00183.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal dung is a biomass fuel burned by vulnerable populations who cannot afford cleaner sources of energy, such as wood and gas, for cooking and heating their homes. Exposure to biomass smoke is the leading environmental risk for mortality, with over 4,000,000 deaths each year worldwide attributed to indoor air pollution from biomass smoke. Biomass smoke inhalation is epidemiologically associated with pulmonary diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and respiratory infections, especially in low and middle-income countries. Yet, few studies have examined the mechanisms of dung biomass smoke-induced inflammatory responses in human lung cells. Here, we tested the hypothesis that dung biomass smoke causes inflammatory responses in human lung cells through signaling pathways involved in acute and chronic lung inflammation. Primary human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) were exposed to dung smoke at the air-liquid interface using a newly developed, automated, and reproducible dung biomass smoke generation system. The examination of inflammatory signaling showed that dung biomass smoke increased the production of several proinflammatory cytokines and enzymes in SAECs through activation of the activator protein (AP)-1 and arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR) but not nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. We propose that the inflammatory responses of lung cells exposed to dung biomass smoke contribute to the development of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E McCarthy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Parker F Duffney
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Robert Gelein
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; and.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Alison Elder
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; and.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; and.,Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
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32
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Joehanes R, Just AC, Marioni RE, Pilling LC, Reynolds LM, Mandaviya PR, Guan W, Xu T, Elks CE, Aslibekyan S, Moreno-Macias H, Smith JA, Brody JA, Dhingra R, Yousefi P, Pankow JS, Kunze S, Shah S, McRae AF, Lohman K, Sha J, Absher DM, Ferrucci L, Zhao W, Demerath EW, Bressler J, Grove ML, Huan T, Liu C, Mendelson MM, Yao C, Kiel DP, Peters A, Wang-Sattler R, Visscher PM, Wray NR, Starr JM, Ding J, Rodriguez CJ, Wareham NJ, Irvin MR, Zhi D, Barrdahl M, Vineis P, Ambatipudi S, Uitterlinden AG, Hofman A, Schwartz J, Colicino E, Hou L, Vokonas PS, Hernandez DG, Singleton AB, Bandinelli S, Turner ST, Ware EB, Smith AK, Klengel T, Binder EB, Psaty BM, Taylor KD, Gharib SA, Swenson BR, Liang L, DeMeo DL, O'Connor GT, Herceg Z, Ressler KJ, Conneely KN, Sotoodehnia N, Kardia SLR, Melzer D, Baccarelli AA, van Meurs JBJ, Romieu I, Arnett DK, Ong KK, Liu Y, Waldenberger M, Deary IJ, Fornage M, Levy D, London SJ. Epigenetic Signatures of Cigarette Smoking. CIRCULATION. CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS 2016; 9:436-447. [PMID: 27651444 PMCID: PMC5267325 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 524] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation leaves a long-term signature of smoking exposure and is one potential mechanism by which tobacco exposure predisposes to adverse health outcomes, such as cancers, osteoporosis, lung, and cardiovascular disorders. METHODS AND RESULTS To comprehensively determine the association between cigarette smoking and DNA methylation, we conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation assessed using the Illumina BeadChip 450K array on 15 907 blood-derived DNA samples from participants in 16 cohorts (including 2433 current, 6518 former, and 6956 never smokers). Comparing current versus never smokers, 2623 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs), annotated to 1405 genes, were statistically significantly differentially methylated at Bonferroni threshold of P<1×10-7 (18 760 CpGs at false discovery rate <0.05). Genes annotated to these CpGs were enriched for associations with several smoking-related traits in genome-wide studies including pulmonary function, cancers, inflammatory diseases, and heart disease. Comparing former versus never smokers, 185 of the CpGs that differed between current and never smokers were significant P<1×10-7 (2623 CpGs at false discovery rate <0.05), indicating a pattern of persistent altered methylation, with attenuation, after smoking cessation. Transcriptomic integration identified effects on gene expression at many differentially methylated CpGs. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking has a broad impact on genome-wide methylation that, at many loci, persists many years after smoking cessation. Many of the differentially methylated genes were novel genes with respect to biological effects of smoking and might represent therapeutic targets for prevention or treatment of tobacco-related diseases. Methylation at these sites could also serve as sensitive and stable biomarkers of lifetime exposure to tobacco smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roby Joehanes
- Inst for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Dept of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Inst, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD & Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Allan C. Just
- Dept of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Inst of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Queensland Brain Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luke C. Pilling
- Epidemiology & Public Health Group, Inst of Biomedical & Clinical Science, Univ of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Lindsay M. Reynolds
- Dept of Epidemiology & Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Pooja R. Mandaviya
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Univ Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Dept of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus Univ Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics, Univ of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Tao Xu
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Inst of Epidemiology II, Helmhotz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Cathy E. Elks
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Inst of Metabolic Science, Univ of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Hortensia Moreno-Macias
- Autonomous Metropolitan Univ-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Dept of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Dept of Medicine, Epidemiology, & Health Services, Univ of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Radhika Dhingra
- Dept of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA
| | - Paul Yousefi
- School of Public Health, Univ of California, Berkeley, CA
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, Univ of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Inst of Epidemiology II, Helmhotz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonia Shah
- Queensland Brain Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Univ of Queensland Diamantina Inst, Translational Research Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Allan F. McRae
- Queensland Brain Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Univ of Queensland Diamantina Inst, Translational Research Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Dept of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Jin Sha
- Dept of Epidemiology, Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Clinical Research Branch, National Inst on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wei Zhao
- Dept of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The Univ of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Megan L. Grove
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The Univ of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Inst, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD & Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Inst, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD & Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Michael M. Mendelson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Inst, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD & Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
- Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Chen Yao
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Inst, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD & Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Douglas P. Kiel
- Inst for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Dept of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Inst of Epidemiology II, Helmhotz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Rui Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Inst of Epidemiology II, Helmhotz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter M. Visscher
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, Edinburgh, UK
- Queensland Brain Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Univ of Queensland Diamantina Inst, Translational Research Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Naomi R. Wray
- Queensland Brain Inst, Univ of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, Univ of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Carlos J. Rodriguez
- Dept of Epidemiology & Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Inst of Metabolic Science, Univ of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Degui Zhi
- School of Biomedical Informatics & School of Public Health, The Univ of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Myrto Barrdahl
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC/PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
- HuGeF Foundation, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Albert Hofman
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus Univ Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Dept of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Elena Colicino
- Dept of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Dept of Preventive Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL
| | - Pantel S. Vokonas
- VA Normative Aging Study, VA Boston Healthcare System & Dept of Medicine, Boston Univ School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Dena G. Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Inst on Aging, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andrew B. Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Inst on Aging, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Erin B. Ware
- Dept of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Research Center for Group Dynamics, Inst for Social Research, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Alicia K. Smith
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory Univ School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Dept of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Inst of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Division of Depression & Anxiety Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Elisabeth B. Binder
- Dept of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Inst of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Dept of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory Univ School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Dept of Medicine, Epidemiology, & Health Services, Univ of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Inst for Translational Genomics & Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Inst
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Inst for Translational Genomics & Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Inst
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Dept of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance
- Depts of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Human Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Univ of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Brenton R. Swenson
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Dept of Medicine, Epidemiology, & Health Services, Univ of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Zdenko Herceg
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory Univ School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Division of Depression & Anxiety Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
- Dept of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Dept of Epidemiology, Univ of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Dept of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - David Melzer
- Epidemiology & Public Health Group, Inst of Biomedical & Clinical Science, Univ of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrea A. Baccarelli
- Dept of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Dept of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Isabelle Romieu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- Dept of Epidemiology, Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Inst of Metabolic Science, Univ of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Dept of Epidemiology & Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Inst of Epidemiology II, Helmhotz Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, Edinburgh, UK
- Dept of Psychology, Univ of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The Univ of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Inst, National Insts of Health, Bethesda, MD & Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
| | - Stephanie J. London
- Epidemiology Branch, National Inst of Environmental Health Sciences, National Insts of Health, Dept of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
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Su HH, Lin HT, Suen JL, Sheu CC, Yokoyama KK, Huang SK, Cheng CM. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-ligand axis mediates pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation through increased arachidonic acid metabolism. Toxicology 2016; 370:116-126. [PMID: 27697457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation are critical events in fibrogenesis; meanwhile, fibrosis characterizes the pathology of many respiratory diseases. The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a unique cellular chemical sensor, has been suggested in tissue fibrosis, but the mechanisms through which the AhR-ligand axis influences the fibrotic process remain undefined. In this study, the potential impact of the AhR-ligand axis on pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation was analyzed using human primary lung fibroblasts HFL-1 and CCL-202 cells. Boyden chamber-based cell migration assay showed that activated AhR in HFL-1cells significantly enhanced cell migration in response to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and a known AhR antagonist, CH223191, inhibited its migratory activity. Furthermore, the calcium mobilization and subsequent upregulated expression of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes, including cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), were observed in TCDD-treated HFL-1 cells, concomitant with elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) secretion. Also, significantly increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin α-SMA), a fibroblast differentiation marker, was also noted in TCDD-treated HFL-1 cells (p<0.05), resulting in a dynamic change in cytoskeleton protein levels and an increase in the nuclear translocation of the myocardin-related transcription factor. Moreover, the enhanced levels of α-SMA expression and fibroblast migration induced by TCDD, PGE2 and LTB4 were abrogated by selective inhibitors for COX-2 and 5-LOX. Knockdown of AhR by siRNA completely diminished intracellular calcium uptake and reduced α-SMA protein verified by promoter-reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Taken together, our results suggested the importance of the AhR-ligand axis in fibroblast migration and differentiation through its capacity in enhancing arachidonic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ting Lin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Research Resources and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Chau Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kazunari K Yokoyama
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Pharmacological Science, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Japan; Department of Molecular Prevention Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
| | - Chih Mei Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Signaling network map of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 10:341-346. [PMID: 27465749 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0341-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Palatnik A, Xin H, Su EJ. Dichotomous effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) activation on human fetoplacental endothelial cell function. Placenta 2016; 44:61-8. [PMID: 27452439 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal cigarette smoking is associated with elevated fetoplacental vascular resistance and fetal growth restriction (FGR). While studies have demonstrated varying effects of nicotine on blood flow, the role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), abundant toxins in cigarette smoke that cross the placenta, has not been elucidated. We hypothesized that exposure of human fetoplacental endothelial cells (ECs) to the PAH benzo[a]yrene (BaP) would result in up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2) and preferential production of vasoconstrictive prostanoids via activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway. METHODS ECs were isolated, cultured, and treated with vehicle or BaP. ECs were subjected to real-time PCR, western blotting, enzyme immunoassays, wound scratch assays, tube formation assays, and RNA interference against AHR. Statistical analyses were performed with Student's t-test, one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons testing when appropriate, or the Kruskal-Wallis H test. RESULTS BaP induced PTGS2 expression (p < 0.05) and production of the stable metabolite of prostacyclin (p = 0.001) in fetoplacental ECs without affecting thromboxane. These effects were ablated by PTGS2 inhibition (p < 0.01) and RNA interference of AHR (p < 0.001). Surprisingly, despite the induction of prostacyclin, EC migration (p = 0.007) and tube formation (p = 0.003) were inhibited by BaP. AHR inhibition, however, rescued tube formation (p = 0.008). DISCUSSION BaP-mediated AHR activation results in induction of PTGS2 expression and enhanced production of prostacyclin metabolite. Despite an increase in this vasodilatory and pro-angiogenic prostanoid, BaP exposure also impairs EC migration and angiogenesis through AHR. This suggests that PAH may adversely affect the fetoplacental vasculature through its regulation of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palatnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emily J Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Warnakulasuriya SN, Ziaullah, Rupasinghe HPV. Novel long chain fatty acid derivatives of quercetin-3-O-glucoside reduce cytotoxicity induced by cigarette smoke toxicants in human fetal lung fibroblasts. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 781:128-38. [PMID: 27071958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Smoking has become a global health concern due to its association with many disease conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer. Flavonoids are plant polyphenolic compounds, studied extensively for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties. Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q3G) is a flavonoid which is widely found in plants. Six novel long chain fatty acid [stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] derivatives of Q3G were evaluated for their potential in protecting human lung fibroblasts against cytotoxicity induced by selected cigarette smoke toxicants: 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone (NNK), benzo-α-pyrene (BaP), nicotine and chromium (Cr[VI]). Nicotine and Cr[VI] induced toxicity in fibroblasts and reduced the percentage of viable cells, while BaP and NNK did not affect cell viability. The fatty acid derivatives of Q3G provided protection against nicotine- and Cr[VI]-induced cell death and membrane lipid peroxidation. Based on the evaluation of inflammatory markers of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), the fatty acid derivatives of Q3G were found to be effective in lowering the inflammatory response. Overall, these novel fatty acid esters of Q3G warrant further investigation as potential cytoprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumudu N Warnakulasuriya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Ziaullah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
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Zhang Y, Schöttker B, Florath I, Stock C, Butterbach K, Holleczek B, Mons U, Brenner H. Smoking-Associated DNA Methylation Biomarkers and Their Predictive Value for All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:67-74. [PMID: 26017925 PMCID: PMC4710597 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With epigenome-wide mapping of DNA methylation, a number of novel smoking-associated loci have been identified. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess dose-response relationships of methylation at the top hits from the epigenome-wide methylation studies with smoking exposure as well as with total and cause-specific mortality. METHODS In a population-based prospective cohort study in Germany, methylation was quantified in baseline blood DNA of 1,000 older adults by the Illumina 450K assay. Deaths were recorded during a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Dose-response relationships of smoking exposure with methylation at nine CpGs were modeled by restricted cubic spline regression. Associations of individual and aggregate methylation patterns with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality were assessed by multiple Cox regression. RESULTS Clear dose-response relationships with respect to current and lifetime smoking intensity were consistently observed for methylation at six of the nine CpGs. Seven of the nine CpGs were also associated with mortality outcomes to various extents. A methylation score based on the top two CpGs (cg05575921 and cg06126421) showed the strongest associations with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, with adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) of 3.59 (2.10, 6.16), 7.41 (2.81, 19.54), and 2.48 (1.01, 6.08), respectively, for participants with methylation levels in the lowest quartile at both CpGs. Adding methylation at those two CpGs into a model that included the variables of the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation chart for fatal cardiovascular risk prediction improved the predictive discrimination. CONCLUSION The novel methylation biomarkers are highly informative for both smoking exposure and smoking-related mortality outcomes. In particular, these biomarkers may substantially improve cardiovascular risk prediction. Nevertheless, the findings of the present study need to be further validated in additional large longitudinal studies. CITATION Zhang Y, Schöttker B, Florath I, Stock C, Butterbach K, Holleczek B, Mons U, Brenner H. 2016. Smoking-associated DNA methylation biomarkers and their predictive value for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Environ Health Perspect 124:67-74; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ines Florath
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Stock
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Butterbach
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Ute Mons
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Address correspondence to H. Brenner, Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Telephone: 49-6221-421300; E-mail:
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Sarill M, Zago M, Sheridan JA, Nair P, Matthews J, Gomez A, Roussel L, Rousseau S, Hamid Q, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor suppresses cigarette-smoke-induced oxidative stress in association with dioxin response element (DRE)-independent regulation of sulfiredoxin 1. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:342-57. [PMID: 26408075 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ubiquitously expressed receptor/transcription factor that mediates toxicological responses of environmental contaminants such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Emerging evidence indicates that the AhR suppresses apoptosis and proliferation independent of exogenous ligands, including suppression of apoptosis by cigarette smoke, a key risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). As cigarette smoke is a potent inducer of oxidative stress, a feature that may contribute to the development of COPD, we hypothesized that the AhR prevents smoke-induced apoptosis by regulating oxidative stress. Utilizing primary lung fibroblasts derived from AhR(+/+) and AhR(-/-) mice as well as A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells deficient in AhR expression (A549-AhR(ko)), we first show that AhR(-/-) fibroblasts and A549-AhR(ko) epithelial cells have a significant increase in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced oxidative stress compared to wild type. CSE induced a significant increase in the mRNA expression of key antioxidant genes, including Nqo1 and Srxn1, predominantly in AhR(+/+) fibroblasts, with significantly less induction in AhR(-/-) cells. The induction of Srxn1, but not Nqo1, was independent of dioxin-response element (DRE) binding as AhR(DBD/DBD) lung fibroblasts, which express an AhR incapable of binding the DRE, increased Srxn1 to a degree similar to wild-type cells in response to CSE. There was no difference in Nrf2 expression or activation based on AhR expression. Lung fibroblasts derived from COPD subjects have significantly less AhR protein expression compared with both never-smokers (Normal) and smokers (At Risk). Consequently, COPD-derived fibroblasts were less robust in their induction of both Nqo1 and Srxn1 mRNA after exposure to CSE, which also failed to activate the AhR in the COPD fibroblasts. Taken together, these results support a new role for the AhR in regulating antioxidant defense in lung structural cells, such that low AhR expression may facilitate the development or progression of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles Sarill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine
| | - Michela Zago
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | | | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alvin Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lucie Roussel
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Simon Rousseau
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Centre for Translational Biology (CTB), Block E, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Memari B, Bouttier M, Dimitrov V, Ouellette M, Behr MA, Fritz JH, White JH. Engagement of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Macrophages Has Pleiotropic Effects on Innate Immune Signaling. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2015; 195:4479-91. [PMID: 26416282 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of host macrophage responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential for uncovering potential avenues of intervention to boost host resistance to infection. Macrophage transcriptome profiling revealed that M. tuberculosis infection strongly induced the expression of several enzymes controlling tryptophan catabolism. These included IDO1 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, which catalyze the rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway, producing ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). The AHR and heterodimeric partners AHR nuclear translocator and RELB are robustly expressed, and AHR and RELB levels increased further during infection. Infection enhanced AHR/AHR nuclear translocator and AHR/RELB DNA binding and stimulated the expression of AHR target genes, including that encoding the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. AHR target gene expression was further enhanced by exogenous kynurenine, and exogenous tryptophan, kynurenine, or synthetic agonist indirubin reduced mycobacterial viability. Comparative expression profiling revealed that AHR ablation diminished the expression of numerous genes implicated in innate immune responses, including several cytokines. Notably, AHR depletion reduced the expression of IL23A and IL12B transcripts, which encode subunits of IL-23, a macrophage cytokine that stimulates production of IL-22 by innate lymphoid cells. AHR directly induced IL23A transcription in human and mouse macrophages through near-upstream enhancer regions. Taken together, these findings show that AHR signaling is strongly engaged in M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages and has widespread effects on innate immune responses. Moreover, they reveal a cascade of AHR-driven innate immune signaling, because IL-1β and IL-23 stimulate T cell subsets producing IL-22, another direct target of AHR transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Memari
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Manuella Bouttier
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Vassil Dimitrov
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Marc Ouellette
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Marcel A Behr
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada; Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Jorg H Fritz
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada; and Complex Traits Group, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - John H White
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada; McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada;
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Huang S, Shui X, He Y, Xue Y, Li J, Li G, Lei W, Chen C. AhR expression and polymorphisms are associated with risk of coronary arterial disease in Chinese population. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8022. [PMID: 25620626 PMCID: PMC4306136 DOI: 10.1038/srep08022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediates the control of environmental toxicity, and modulates the development and pathogenesis of the cardiovascular system. However, little is known about the role of AhR in coronary arterial disease (CAD) susceptibility. We therefore conducted a case-control study in a Chinese population, and assessed the potential association between AhR variants and CAD susceptibility. Compared with the controls, circulating AhR expression was found to be significantly increased in patients with CAD and its subtypes including ST-segment and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and stable and unstable angina pectoris. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate the effect of AhR on CAD progression showed it to be a potent biomarker for CAD. Genotype frequencies of AhR rs2066853 differed significantly between CAD and control subjects, while smoking and hyperlipidemia markedly promoted CAD risk relative to the AhR polymorphism. Moreover, a significant difference in AhR variant distribution was observed between the four CAD subtypes with different severities. The expression level and functional polymorphisms of circulating AhR may affect the susceptibility and progression of CAD in Chinese populations. This provides a novel view of the etiology and epidemiology of CAD, and will contribute to the diagnosis and therapy of this severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian Huang
- 1] Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China [2] Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Xiaorong Shui
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yuan He
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yiqiang Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Jianwen Li
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Guoming Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Wei Lei
- 1] Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China [2] Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Can Chen
- 1] Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China [2] Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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Lopez-Ayllon BD, Moncho-Amor V, Abarrategi A, Ibañez de Cáceres I, Castro-Carpeño J, Belda-Iniesta C, Perona R, Sastre L. Cancer stem cells and cisplatin-resistant cells isolated from non-small-lung cancer cell lines constitute related cell populations. Cancer Med 2014; 3:1099-111. [PMID: 24961511 PMCID: PMC4302662 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer-related deceases. One of the reasons is the development of resistance to the chemotherapy treatment. In particular, cancer stem cells (CSCs), can escape treatment and regenerate the bulk of the tumor. In this article, we describe a comparison between cancer cells resistant to cisplatin and CSCs, both derived from the non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines H460 and A549. Cisplatin-resistant cells were obtained after a single treatment with the drug. CSCs were isolated by culture in defined media, under nonadherent conditions. The isolated CSCs were clonogenic, could be differentiated into adherent cells and were less sensitive to cisplatin than the original cells. Cisplatin resistant and CSCs were able to generate primary tumors and to metastasize when injected into immunodeficient Nu/Nu mice, although they formed smaller tumors with a larger latency than untreated cells. Notably, under appropriated proportions, CSCs synergized with differentiated cells to form larger tumors. CSCs also showed increased capacity to induce angiogenesis in Nu/Nu mice. Conversely, H460 cisplatin-resistant cells showed increased tendency to develop bone metastasis. Gene expression analysis showed that several genes involved in tumor development and metastasis (EGR1, COX2, MALAT1, AKAP12, ADM) were similarly induced in CSC and cisplatin-resistant H460 cells, in agreement with a close similarity between these two cell populations. Cells with the characteristic growth properties of CSCs were also isolated from surgical samples of 18 out of 44 lung cancer patients. A significant correlation (P = 0.028) was found between the absence of CSCs and cisplatin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca D Lopez-Ayllon
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas CSIC/UAM, Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, IdiPAZ, Spain
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Lugade AA, Bogner PN, Thatcher TH, Sime PJ, Phipps RP, Thanavala Y. Cigarette smoke exposure exacerbates lung inflammation and compromises immunity to bacterial infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:5226-35. [PMID: 24752444 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The detrimental impact of tobacco on human health is clearly recognized, and despite aggressive efforts to prevent smoking, close to one billion individuals worldwide continue to smoke. People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are susceptible to recurrent respiratory infections with pathogens, including nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI), yet the reasons for this increased susceptibility are poorly understood. Because mortality rapidly increases with multiple exacerbations, development of protective immunity is critical to improving patient survival. Acute NTHI infection has been studied in the context of cigarette smoke exposure, but this is the first study, to our knowledge, to investigate chronic infection and the generation of adaptive immune responses to NTHI after chronic smoke exposure. After chronic NTHI infection, mice that had previously been exposed to cigarette smoke developed increased lung inflammation and compromised adaptive immunity relative to air-exposed controls. Importantly, NTHI-specific T cells from mice exposed to cigarette smoke produced lower levels of IFN-γ and IL-4, and B cells produced reduced levels of Abs against outer-membrane lipoprotein P6, with impaired IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA class switching. However, production of IL-17, which is associated with neutrophilic inflammation, was enhanced. Interestingly, cigarette smoke-exposed mice exhibited a similar defect in the generation of adaptive immunity after immunization with P6. Our study has conclusively demonstrated that cigarette smoke exposure has a profound suppressive effect on the generation of adaptive immune responses to NTHI and suggests the mechanism by which prior cigarette smoke exposure predisposes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients to recurrent infections, leading to exacerbations and contributing to mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit A Lugade
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Paul N Bogner
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Richard P Phipps
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620; and Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14620
| | - Yasmin Thanavala
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263;
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Lahoti TS, Hughes JM, Kusnadi A, John K, Zhu B, Murray IA, Gowda K, Peters JM, Amin SG, Perdew GH. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonism attenuates growth factor expression, proliferation, and migration in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 348:236-45. [PMID: 24309559 PMCID: PMC3912548 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.209726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with high morbidity and mortality. Within the inflammatory milieu, resident fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in the synovial tissue undergo hyperplasia, which leads to joint destruction. Epidemiologic studies and our previous research suggest that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway plays an instrumental role in the inflammatory and destructive RA phenotype. In addition, our recent studies implicate the AHR in the regulation of the expression of several growth factors in established tumor cell lines. Thus, under inflammatory conditions, we hypothesized that the AHR is involved in the constitutive and inducible expression of several growth factors, FLS proliferation and migration, along with protease-dependent invasion in FLS from patients with RA (RA-FLS). Treatment with the AHR antagonist GNF351 inhibits cytokine-induced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), epiregulin, amphiregulin, and basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA through an AHR-dependent mechanism in both RA-FLS and FLS. Secretion of VEGF-A and epiregulin from RA-FLS was also inhibited upon GNF351 treatment. RA-FLS cell migration, along with cytokine-induced RA-FLS cell proliferation, was significantly attenuated by GNF351 exposure. Treatment of RA-FLS with GNF351 mitigated cytokine-mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 mRNA and diminished the RA-FLS invasive phenotype. These findings indicate that inhibition of AHR activity may be a viable therapeutic target in amelioration of disease progression in RA by attenuating growth factor release; FLS proliferation, migration, and invasion; and inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas S Lahoti
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania (T.S.L., J.M.H., A.K., B.Z., I.A.M., J.M.P., G.H.P.); DuPont Haskell Global Centers for Health and Environmental Sciences, Newark, Delaware (K.J.); and Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (K.G., S.G.A.)
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Krimmer D, Ichimaru Y, Burgess J, Black J, Oliver B. Exposure to biomass smoke extract enhances fibronectin release from fibroblasts. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83938. [PMID: 24386310 PMCID: PMC3873416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
COPD induced following biomass smoke exposure has been reported to be associated with a more fibrotic phenotype than cigarette smoke induced COPD. This study aimed to investigate if biomass smoke induced extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production from primary human lung fibroblasts in vitro. Primary human lung fibroblasts (n = 5–10) were stimulated in vitro for up to 72 hours with increasing concentrations of biomass smoke extract (BME) or cigarette smoke extract (CSE) prior to being assessed for deposition of ECM proteins, cytokine release, and activation of intracellular signalling molecules. Deposition of the ECM proteins perlecan and fibronectin was upregulated by both CSE (p<0.05) and BME (p<0.05). The release of the neutrophilic chemokine IL-8 was also enhanced by BME. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was significantly upregulated by BME (p<0.05). Chemical inhibition of ERK signalling molecules partially attenuated these effects (p<0.05). Stimulation with endotoxin had no effect. This study demonstrated that BME had similar effects to CSE in vitro and had the capacity to directly induce fibrosis by upregulating production of ECM proteins. The mechanisms by which both biomass and cigarette smoke exposure cause lung damage may be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Krimmer
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yukikazu Ichimaru
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janette Burgess
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Judith Black
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brian Oliver
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Discipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
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A Novel Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Resolving Role for Resolvin D1 in Acute Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lung Inflammation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58258. [PMID: 23484005 PMCID: PMC3590122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cigarette smoke is a profound pro-inflammatory stimulus that contributes to acute lung injuries and to chronic lung disease including COPD (emphysema and chronic bronchitis). Until recently, it was assumed that resolution of inflammation was a passive process that occurred once the inflammatory stimulus was removed. It is now recognized that resolution of inflammation is a bioactive process, mediated by specialized lipid mediators, and that normal homeostasis is maintained by a balance between pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving pathways. These novel small lipid mediators, including the resolvins, protectins and maresins, are bioactive products mainly derived from dietary omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We hypothesize that resolvin D1 (RvD1) has potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects in a model of cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation. Methods Primary human lung fibroblasts, small airway epithelial cells and blood monocytes were treated with IL-1β or cigarette smoke extract in combination with RvD1 in vitro, production of pro-inflammatory mediators was measured. Mice were exposed to dilute mainstream cigarette smoke and treated with RvD1 either concurrently with smoke or after smoking cessation. The effects on lung inflammation and lung macrophage populations were assessed. Results RvD1 suppressed production of pro-inflammatory mediators by primary human cells in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of mice with RvD1 concurrently with cigarette smoke exposure significantly reduced neutrophilic lung inflammation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while upregulating the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. RvD1 promoted differentiation of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages and neutrophil efferocytosis. RvD1 also accelerated the resolution of lung inflammation when given after the final smoke exposure. Conclusions RvD1 has potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects in cells and mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Resolvins have strong potential as a novel therapeutic approach to resolve lung injury caused by smoke and pulmonary toxicants.
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Wheeler JLH, Martin KC, Lawrence BP. Novel cellular targets of AhR underlie alterations in neutrophilic inflammation and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression during influenza virus infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 190:659-68. [PMID: 23233726 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The underlying reasons for variable clinical outcomes from respiratory viral infections remain uncertain. Several studies suggest that environmental factors contribute to this variation, but limited knowledge of cellular and molecular targets of these agents hampers our ability to quantify or modify their contribution to disease and improve public health. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an environment-sensing transcription factor that binds many anthropogenic and natural chemicals. The immunomodulatory properties of AhR ligands are best characterized with extensive studies of changes in CD4(+) T cell responses. Yet, AhR modulates other aspects of immune function. We previously showed that during influenza virus infection, AhR activation modulates neutrophil accumulation in the lung, and this contributes to increased mortality in mice. Enhanced levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in infected lungs are observed during the same time frame as AhR-mediated increased pulmonary neutrophilia. In this study, we evaluated whether these two consequences of AhR activation are causally linked. Reciprocal inhibition of AhR-mediated elevations in iNOS and pulmonary neutrophilia reveal that although they are contemporaneous, they are not causally related. We show using Cre/loxP technology that elevated iNOS levels and neutrophil number in the infected lung result from separate, AhR-dependent signaling in endothelial and respiratory epithelial cells, respectively. Studies using mutant mice further reveal that AhR-mediated alterations in these innate responses to infection require a functional nuclear localization signal and DNA binding domain. Thus, gene targets of AhR in non-hematopoietic cells are important new considerations for understanding AhR-mediated changes in innate anti-viral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Head Wheeler
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Portal-Nuñez S, Shankavaram UT, Rao M, Datrice N, Atay S, Aparicio M, Camphausen KA, Fernández-Salguero PM, Chang H, Lin P, Schrump DS, Garantziotis S, Cuttitta F, Zudaire E. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-induced adrenomedullin mediates cigarette smoke carcinogenicity in humans and mice. Cancer Res 2012; 72:5790-800. [PMID: 22993405 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is partially responsible for tobacco-induced carcinogenesis although the underlying mechanisms involving early effector genes have yet to be determined. Here, we report that adrenomedullin (ADM) significantly contributes to the carcinogenicity of tobacco-activated AHR. CS and AHR activating ligands induced ADM in vitro and in vivo but not in AHR-deficient fibroblasts and mice. Ectopic transfection of AHR rescued ADM expression in AHR(-/-) fibroblasts whereas AHR blockage with siRNA in wild type cells significantly decreased ADM expression. AHR regulates ADM expression through two intronic xenobiotic response elements located close to the start codon in the ADM gene. Using tissue microarrays we showed that ADM and AHR were coupregulated in lung tumor biopsies from smoker patients. Microarray meta-analysis of 304 independent microarray experiments showed that ADM is elevated in smokers and smokers with cancer. In addition, ADM coassociated with a subset of AHR responsive genes and efficiently differentiated patients with lung cancer from nonsmokers. In a novel preclinical model of CS-induced tumor progression, host exposure to CS extracts significantly elevated tumor ADM although systemic treatment with the ADM antagonist NSC16311 efficiently blocked tobacco-induced tumor growth. In conclusion, ADM significantly contributes the carcinogenic effect of AHR and tobacco combustion products. We suggest that therapeutics targeting the AHR/ADM axis may be of clinical relevance in the treatment of tobacco-induced pulmonary malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Portal-Nuñez
- Angiogenesis Core Facility, Radiation Oncology Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
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Jadus MR, Natividad J, Mai A, Ouyang Y, Lambrecht N, Szabo S, Ge L, Hoa N, Dacosta-Iyer MG. Lung cancer: a classic example of tumor escape and progression while providing opportunities for immunological intervention. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:160724. [PMID: 22899945 PMCID: PMC3414063 DOI: 10.1155/2012/160724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancers remain one of the most common and deadly cancers in the world today (12.5% of newly diagnosed cancers) despite current advances in chemo- and radiation therapies. Often, by the time these tumors are diagnosed, they have already metastasized. These tumors demonstrate the classic hallmarks of cancer in that they have advanced defensive strategies allowing them to escape various standard oncological treatments. Immunotherapy is making inroads towards effectively treating other fatal cancers, such as melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and castrate-resistant prostate cancers. This paper will cover the escape mechanisms of bronchogenic lung cancer that must be overcome before they can be successfully treated. We also review the history of immunotherapy directed towards lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Jadus
- Research Service, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, 5901 E. 7th Street, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA.
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Mayne GC, Watson DI, Hussey DJ. COX-2 mRNA is increased in oesophageal mucosal cells by a proton pump inhibitor. ANZ J Surg 2012; 82:691-6. [PMID: 22758658 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2012.06124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barrett's oesophagus develops in some individuals with gastro-oesophageal reflux and is the precursor to oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) suppress gastric acid production and are used to treat reflux. Clinical trials suggest that cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors might prevent oesophageal cancer, although PPIs could offset this by increasing COX-2 expression in Barrett's oesophagus. To investigate this, we evaluated the impact of a PPI on COX expression in oesophageal mucosal cells. METHODS The effect of the PPI esomeprazole on COX-1 and COX-2 mRNA levels in oesophageal cells was determined. Oesophageal cell lines OE33 (adenocarcinoma-derived) and HET-1A (immortalized squamous cells) and a control intestinal cell line HT29 (colon carcinoma) were treated for 24 h, with increasing concentrations of the esomeprazole. RESULTS COX-2, but not COX-1, mRNA levels dose-dependently increased in OE33 and HET-1A cells versus esomeprazole concentration. COX-2 mRNA levels did not increase in HT29 cells. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to esomeprazole increases COX-2 mRNA in oesophageal cells. This might contribute to the lack of benefit for COX inhibitors for oesophageal cancer prevention in recent clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C Mayne
- Department of Surgery, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
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Malhotra S, Deshmukh SS, Dastidar SG. COX inhibitors for airway inflammation. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2012; 16:195-207. [PMID: 22324934 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2012.661416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, which is responsible for the production of prostaglandins (PGs), key mediators of inflammation, may have the potential to become an attractive target for anti-inflammatory therapy. COX catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) into PGs, which play a significant role in disease. PGs are lipid mediators of central importance in the regulation of inflammation and smooth muscle tone. Airway-resident inflammatory cells release PGs: PGD2 and PDF2a amplify smooth muscle contraction and airway inflammation. Following its conversion from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase, AA enters the prostanoid pathway via COX, which catalyzes the conversion of AA to PGH2. PGH2 is then converted to biologically active PGs by cell-specific PG synthases. As COX is the rate limiting step in the PG pathway, the regulation of this enzyme is of critical importance in PG production. AREAS COVERED This review addresses the opportunities and challenges of COX inhibitors as therapeutic targets in airway inflammation. The review covers literature from the past 20 years. EXPERT OPINION Current literature favors COX inhibitors as potential targets for airway diseases. However, from the information available, it is not clear whether the COX enzyme by itself can serve as a target in drug development for asthma and COPD. Therefore, additional research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of action of COX metabolites before it can be considered as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Malhotra
- Daiichi Sankyo India Pharma Private Ltd., Department of Chemistry, Haryana, India.
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