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Vattino LG, MacGregor CP, Liu CJ, Sweeney CG, Takesian AE. Primary auditory thalamus relays directly to cortical layer 1 interneurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.16.603741. [PMID: 39071266 PMCID: PMC11275971 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.16.603741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitory interneurons within cortical layer 1 (L1-INs) integrate inputs from diverse brain regions to modulate sensory processing and plasticity, but the sensory inputs that recruit these interneurons have not been identified. Here we used monosynaptic retrograde tracing and whole-cell electrophysiology to characterize the thalamic inputs onto two major subpopulations of L1-INs in the mouse auditory cortex. We find that the vast majority of auditory thalamic inputs to these L1-INs unexpectedly arise from the ventral subdivision of the medial geniculate body (MGBv), the tonotopically-organized primary auditory thalamus. Moreover, these interneurons receive robust functional monosynaptic MGBv inputs that are comparable to those recorded in the L4 excitatory pyramidal neurons. Our findings identify a direct pathway from the primary auditory thalamus to the L1-INs, suggesting that these interneurons are uniquely positioned to integrate thalamic inputs conveying precise sensory information with top-down inputs carrying information about brain states and learned associations.
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2
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Chang M, Nehs S, Xu Z, Kanold PO. Distinct distribution of subplate neuron subtypes between the sensory cortices during the early postnatal period. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25594. [PMID: 38407509 PMCID: PMC11186582 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Subplate neurons (SpNs) are a heterogeneous neuronal population actively involved in early cortical circuit formation. In rodents, many SpNs survive and form layer 6b. The molecular heterogeneity of SpNs raises the question of whether different subpopulations of SpNs survive through the early postnatal period similarly and whether such diverse SpN populations in the auditory cortex (ACtx) share a common distribution pattern with other sensory systems. To address that, we investigated the expression pattern of multiple specific SpN markers in the ACtx, as well as in the visual (VCtx) and somatosensory (SCtx) cortices as controls, using complexin 3 (Cplx3) antibodies and different SpN-specific Cre-driver mice, such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), dopamine receptor D1 (Drd1a), and neurexophilin 4 (Nxph4). We focused on two early time windows in auditory development: (1) during the second postnatal week (PNW) before ear-canal opening and (2) during the third PNW after ear-canal opening. We compared the expression pattern of different SpN markers in ACtx with VCtx and SCtx. At both examined timepoints, Cplx3 and Nxph4 expressing SpNs form the largest and smallest population in the ACtx, respectively. Similar distribution patterns are observable in the VCtx and SCtx during the second PNW but not during the third PNW, for a higher proportion of Drd1a expressing SpNs is detected in the VCtx and CTGF expressing SpNs in the SCtx. This study suggests that different populations of SpNs might contribute differently to the development of individual sensory circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzi Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sophia Nehs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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3
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Mukherjee D, Xue B, Chen CT, Chang M, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Early retinal deprivation crossmodally alters nascent subplate circuits and activity in the auditory cortex during the precritical period. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:9038-9053. [PMID: 37259176 PMCID: PMC10350824 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory perturbation in one modality results in the adaptive reorganization of neural pathways within the spared modalities, a phenomenon known as "crossmodal plasticity," which has been examined during or after the classic "critical period." Because peripheral perturbations can alter the auditory cortex (ACX) activity and functional connectivity of the ACX subplate neurons (SPNs) even before the critical period, called the precritical period, we investigated if retinal deprivation at birth crossmodally alters the ACX activity and SPN circuits during the precritical period. We deprived newborn mice of visual inputs after birth by performing bilateral enucleation. We performed in vivo widefield imaging in the ACX of awake pups during the first two postnatal weeks to investigate cortical activity. We found that enucleation alters spontaneous and sound-evoked activities in the ACX in an age-dependent manner. Next, we performed whole-cell patch clamp recording combined with laser scanning photostimulation in ACX slices to investigate circuit changes in SPNs. We found that enucleation alters the intracortical inhibitory circuits impinging on SPNs, shifting the excitation-inhibition balance toward excitation and this shift persists after ear opening. Together, our results indicate that crossmodal functional changes exist in the developing sensory cortices at early ages before the onset of the classic critical period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didhiti Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Binghan Xue
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Chih-Ting Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Minzi Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Department of Physiology, Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
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4
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Xue B, Meng X, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Age-related changes in excitatory and inhibitory intra-cortical circuits in auditory cortex of C57Bl/6 mice. Hear Res 2023; 429:108685. [PMID: 36701895 PMCID: PMC9928889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A common impairment in aging is age-related hearing loss (presbycusis), which manifests as impaired spectrotemporal processing. Aging is accompanied by alteration in normal inhibitory (GABA) neurotransmission, and changes in excitatory (NMDA and AMPA) synapses in the auditory cortex (ACtx). However, the circuits affected by these synaptic changes remain unknown. Mice of the C57Bl/6J strain show premature age-related hearing loss and changes in functional responses in ACtx. We thus investigated how auditory cortical microcircuits change with age by comparing young (∼ 6 weeks) and aged (>1 year old) C57Bl/6J mice. We performed laser scanning photostimulation (LSPS) combined with whole-cell patch clamp recordings from Layer (L) 2/3 cells in primary auditory cortex (A1) of young adult and aged C57Bl/6J mice. We found that L2/3 cells in aged C57Bl/6J mice display functional hypoconnectivity of both excitatory and inhibitory circuits. Compared to cells from young C57Bl/6 mice, cells from aged C57Bl/6J mice have fewer excitatory connections with weaker connection strength. Whereas young adult and aged C57Bl/6J mice have similar amounts of inhibitory connections, the strength of local inhibition is weaker in the aged group. We confirmed these results by recording miniature excitatory (mEPSCs) and inhibitory synaptic currents (mIPSCs). Our results suggest a specific reduction in excitatory and inhibitory intralaminar cortical circuits in aged C57Bl/6J mice compared with young adult animals. We speculate that these unbalanced changes in cortical circuits contribute to the functional manifestations of age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghan Xue
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Xiangying Meng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
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5
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Mukherjee D, Xue B, Chen CT, Chang M, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Early retinal deprivation crossmodally alters nascent subplate circuits and activity in the auditory cortex during the precritical period. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.21.529453. [PMID: 36865142 PMCID: PMC9980129 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.529453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Sensory perturbation in one modality results in adaptive reorganization of neural pathways within the spared modalities, a phenomenon known as "crossmodal plasticity", which has been examined during or after the classic 'critical period'. Because peripheral perturbations can alter auditory cortex (ACX) activity and functional connectivity of the ACX subplate neurons (SPNs) even before the classic critical period, called the precritical period, we investigated if retinal deprivation at birth crossmodally alters ACX activity and SPN circuits during the precritical period. We deprived newborn mice of visual inputs after birth by performing bilateral enucleation. We performed in vivo imaging in the ACX of awake pups during the first two postnatal weeks to investigate cortical activity. We found that enucleation alters spontaneous and sound-evoked activity in the ACX in an age-dependent manner. Next, we performed whole-cell patch clamp recording combined with laser scanning photostimulation in ACX slices to investigate circuit changes in SPNs. We found that enucleation alters the intracortical inhibitory circuits impinging on SPNs shifting the excitation-inhibition balance towards excitation and this shift persists after ear opening. Together, our results indicate that crossmodal functional changes exist in the developing sensory cortices at early ages before the onset of the classic critical period.
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6
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Shao W, Chang M, Emmerich K, Kanold PO, Mumm JS, Yi J. Mesoscopic oblique plane microscopy with a diffractive light-sheet for large-scale 4D cellular resolution imaging. OPTICA 2022; 9:1374-1385. [PMID: 38384442 PMCID: PMC10881189 DOI: 10.1364/optica.471101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Fundamental understanding of large-scale dynamic connectivity within a living organism requires volumetric imaging over a large field of view (FOV) at biologically relevant speed and resolution. However, most microscopy methods make trade-offs between FOV and axial resolution, making it challenging to observe highly dynamic processes at cellular resolution in 3D across mesoscopic scales (e.g., whole zebrafish larva). To overcome this limitation, we have developed mesoscopic oblique plane microscopy (Meso-OPM) with a diffractive light sheet. By augmenting the illumination angle of the light sheet with a transmission grating, we improved the axial resolution approximately sixfold over existing methods and approximately twofold beyond the diffraction limitation of the primary objective lens. We demonstrated a FOV up to 5.4 mm × 3.3 mm with resolution of 2.5 μm × 3 μm × 6 μm, allowing volumetric imaging of 3D cellular structures with a single scan. Applying Meso-OPM for in vivo imaging of zebrafish larvae, we report here in toto whole-body volumetric recordings of neuronal activity at 2 Hz volume rate and whole-body volumetric recordings of blood flow dynamics at 5 Hz with 3D cellular resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | - Minzi Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | - Kevin Emmerich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | - Patrick O. Kanold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | - Jeff S. Mumm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | - Ji Yi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
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7
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Rindner DJ, Proddutur A, Lur G. Cell-type-specific integration of feedforward and feedback synaptic inputs in the posterior parietal cortex. Neuron 2022; 110:3760-3773.e5. [PMID: 36087582 PMCID: PMC9671855 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The integration of feedforward (sensory) and feedback (top-down) neuronal signals is a principal function of the neocortex. Yet, we have limited insight into how these information streams are combined by individual neurons. Using a two-color optogenetic strategy, we found that layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the posterior parietal cortex receive monosynaptic dual innervation, combining sensory inputs with top-down signals. Subclasses of layer 5 pyramidal neurons integrated these synapses with distinct temporal dynamics. Specifically, regular spiking cells exhibited supralinear enhancement of delayed-but not coincident-inputs, while intrinsic burst-firing neurons selectively boosted coincident synaptic events. These subthreshold integration characteristics translated to a nonlinear summation of action potential firing. Complementing electrophysiology with computational modeling, we found that distinct integration profiles arose from a cell-type-specific interaction of ionic mechanisms and feedforward inhibition. These data provide insight into the cellular properties that guide the nonlinear interaction of distinct long-range afferents in the neocortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Rindner
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 1215 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Archana Proddutur
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 1215 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Gyorgy Lur
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 1215 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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8
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Davenport CM, Teubner BJW, Han SB, Patton MH, Eom TY, Garic D, Lansdell BJ, Shirinifard A, Chang TC, Klein J, Pruett-Miller SM, Blundon JA, Zakharenko SS. Innate frequency-discrimination hyperacuity in Williams-Beuren syndrome mice. Cell 2022; 185:3877-3895.e21. [PMID: 36152627 PMCID: PMC9588278 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare disorder caused by hemizygous microdeletion of ∼27 contiguous genes. Despite neurodevelopmental and cognitive deficits, individuals with WBS have spared or enhanced musical and auditory abilities, potentially offering an insight into the genetic basis of auditory perception. Here, we report that the mouse models of WBS have innately enhanced frequency-discrimination acuity and improved frequency coding in the auditory cortex (ACx). Chemogenetic rescue showed frequency-discrimination hyperacuity is caused by hyperexcitable interneurons in the ACx. Haploinsufficiency of one WBS gene, Gtf2ird1, replicated WBS phenotypes by downregulating the neuropeptide receptor VIPR1. VIPR1 is reduced in the ACx of individuals with WBS and in the cerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells with the WBS microdeletion. Vipr1 deletion or overexpression in ACx interneurons mimicked or reversed, respectively, the cellular and behavioral phenotypes of WBS mice. Thus, the Gtf2ird1-Vipr1 mechanism in ACx interneurons may underlie the superior auditory acuity in WBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Davenport
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Brett J W Teubner
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Seung Baek Han
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Mary H Patton
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Tae-Yeon Eom
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Dusan Garic
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Benjamin J Lansdell
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Abbas Shirinifard
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ti-Cheng Chang
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jonathon Klein
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Shondra M Pruett-Miller
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jay A Blundon
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Stanislav S Zakharenko
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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Xue B, Alipio JB, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Perinatal Opioid Exposure Results in Persistent Hypoconnectivity of Excitatory Circuits and Reduced Activity Correlations in Mouse Primary Auditory Cortex. J Neurosci 2022; 42:3676-3687. [PMID: 35332087 PMCID: PMC9053845 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2542-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid use by pregnant women results in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and lifelong neurobehavioral deficits including language impairments. Animal models of NOWS show impaired performance in a two-tone auditory discrimination task, suggesting abnormalities in sensory processing in the auditory cortex. To investigate the consequences of perinatal opioid exposure on auditory cortex circuits, we administered fentanyl to mouse dams in their drinking water throughout gestation and until litters were weaned at postnatal day (P)21. We then used in vivo two-photon Ca2+ imaging in adult animals of both sexes to investigate how primary auditory cortex (A1) function was altered. Perinatally exposed animals showed fewer sound-responsive neurons in A1, and the remaining sound-responsive cells exhibited lower response amplitudes but normal frequency selectivity and stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA). Populations of nearby layer 2/3 (L2/3) cells in exposed animals showed reduced correlated activity, suggesting a reduction of shared inputs. We then investigated A1 microcircuits to L2/3 cells by performing laser-scanning photostimulation (LSPS) combined with whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from A1 L2/3 cells. L2/3 cells in exposed animals showed functional hypoconnectivity of excitatory circuits of ascending inputs from L4 and L5/6 to L2/3, while inhibitory connections were unchanged, leading to an altered excitatory/inhibitory balance. These results suggest a specific reduction in excitatory ascending interlaminar cortical circuits resulting in decreased activity correlations after fentanyl exposure. We speculate that these changes in cortical circuits contribute to the impaired auditory discrimination ability after perinatal opioid exposure.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This is the first study to investigate the functional effects of perinatal fentanyl exposure on the auditory cortex. Experiments show that perinatal fentanyl exposure results in decreased excitatory functional circuits and altered population activity in primary sensory areas in adult mice. These circuit changes might underlie the observed language and cognitive deficits in infants exposed to opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghan Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 20215
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
| | - Jason B Alipio
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 20215
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
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10
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Ye H, Liu ZX, He YJ, Wang X. Effects of M currents on the persistent activity of pyramidal neurons in mouse primary auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 2022; 127:1269-1278. [PMID: 35294269 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00332.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal persistent activity (PA) is a common phenomenon observed in many types of neurons. PA can be induced in neurons in the mouse auditory nucleus by activating cholinergic receptors with carbachol (CCh), a dual muscarinic and nicotinic receptor agonist. PA is presumed to be associated with learning-related auditory plasticity at the cellular level. However, the mechanism is not clearly understood. Many studies have reported that muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonists inhibit muscarinic-sensitive potassium channels (M channels). Potassium influx through M channels produces potassium currents, called M currents, which play an essential role in regulating neural excitability and synaptic plasticity. Further study is needed to determine whether M currents affect the PA of auditory central neurons and provide additional analysis of the variations in electrophysiological properties. We used in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in isolated mouse brain slices to investigate the effects of M currents on the PA in pyramidal neurons in layer V of the primary auditory cortex (AI-L5). We found that blocking M currents with XE991 depolarized the AI-L5 pyramidal neurons, which significantly increased the input resistance. The active threshold and threshold intensity were significantly reduced, indicating that the intrinsic excitability was enhanced. Our results also showed that blocking M currents with XE991 switched the neuronal firing patterns in the AI-L5 pyramidal neurons from regular-spiking to intrinsic-bursting. Blocking M currents facilitated PA by increasing the plateau potential and enhancing intrinsic excitability. Our results suggested that blocking M currents might facilitate the PA in AI-L5 pyramidal neurons, which underlies auditory plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ye
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Xu Liu
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Jie He
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Mukherjee D, Meng X, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Impaired Hearing and Altered Subplate Circuits During the First and Second Postnatal Weeks of Otoferlin-Deficient Mice. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:2816-2830. [PMID: 34849612 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory deprivation from the periphery impacts cortical development. Otoferlin deficiency leads to impaired cochlear synaptic transmission and is associated with progressive hearing loss in adults. However, it remains elusive how sensory deprivation due to otoferlin deficiency impacts the early development of the auditory cortex (ACX) especially before the onset of low threshold hearing. To test that, we performed in vivo imaging of the ACX in awake mice lacking otoferlin (Otof-/-) during the first and second postnatal weeks and found that spontaneous and sound-driven cortical activity were progressively impaired. We then characterized the effects on developing auditory cortical circuits by performing in vitro recordings from subplate neurons (SPN), the first primary targets of thalamocortical inputs. We found that in Otof-/- pups, SPNs received exuberant connections from excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Moreover, as a population, SPNs showed higher similarity with respect to their circuit topology in the absence of otoferlin. Together, our results show that otoferlin deficiency results in impaired hearing and has a powerful influence on cortical connections and spontaneous activity in early development even before complete deafness. Therefore, peripheral activity has the potential to sculpt cortical structures from the earliest ages, even before hearing impairment is diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didhiti Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Xiangying Meng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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12
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Sheikh A, Meng X, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia Causes Persistent Intracortical Circuit Changes in Layer 4 of Rat Auditory Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:2575-2589. [PMID: 34729599 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The connection between early brain injury and subsequent development of disorders is unknown. Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) alters circuits associated with subplate neurons (SPNs). SPNs are among the first maturing cortical neurons, project to thalamorecipient layer 4 (L4), and are required for the development of thalamocortical connections. Thus, early HI might influence L4 and such influence might persist. We investigated functional circuits to L4 neurons in neonatal rat HI models of different severities (mild and moderate) shortly after injury and at adolescence. We used laser-scanning photostimulation in slices of auditory cortex during P5-10 and P18-23. Mild injuries did not initially (P6/P7) alter the convergence of excitatory inputs from L2/3, but hyperconnectivity emerged by P8-10. Inputs from L4 showed initial hypoconnectivity which resolved by P8-10. Moderate injuries resulted in initial hypoconnectivity from both layers which resolved by P8-10 and led to persistent strengthening of connections. Inhibitory inputs to L4 cells showed similar changes. Functional changes were mirrored by reduced dendritic complexity. We also observed a persistent increase in similarity of L4 circuits, suggesting that HI interferes with developmental circuit refinement and diversification. Altogether, our results show that neonatal HI injuries lead to persistent changes in intracortical connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminah Sheikh
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Xiangying Meng
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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13
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Llano DA, Ma C, Di Fabrizio U, Taheri A, Stebbings KA, Yudintsev G, Xiao G, Kenyon RV, Berger-Wolf TY. A novel dynamic network imaging analysis method reveals aging-related fragmentation of cortical networks in mouse. Netw Neurosci 2021; 5:569-590. [PMID: 34189378 PMCID: PMC8233117 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Network analysis of large-scale neuroimaging data is a particularly challenging computational problem. Here, we adapt a novel analytical tool, the community dynamic inference method (CommDy), for brain imaging data from young and aged mice. CommDy, which was inspired by social network theory, has been successfully used in other domains in biology; this report represents its first use in neuroscience. We used CommDy to investigate aging-related changes in network metrics in the auditory and motor cortices by using flavoprotein autofluorescence imaging in brain slices and in vivo. We observed that auditory cortical networks in slices taken from aged brains were highly fragmented compared to networks observed in young animals. CommDy network metrics were then used to build a random-forests classifier based on NMDA receptor blockade data, which successfully reproduced the aging findings, suggesting that the excitatory cortical connections may be altered during aging. A similar aging-related decline in network connectivity was also observed in spontaneous activity in the awake motor cortex, suggesting that the findings in the auditory cortex reflect general mechanisms during aging. These data suggest that CommDy provides a new dynamic network analytical tool to study the brain and that aging is associated with fragmentation of intracortical networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Llano
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Chihua Ma
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Umberto Di Fabrizio
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aynaz Taheri
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin A. Stebbings
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Georgiy Yudintsev
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Robert V. Kenyon
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tanya Y. Berger-Wolf
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Current affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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14
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Meng X, Solarana K, Bowen Z, Liu J, Nagode DA, Sheikh A, Winkowski DE, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Transient Subgranular Hyperconnectivity to L2/3 and Enhanced Pairwise Correlations During the Critical Period in the Mouse Auditory Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:1914-1930. [PMID: 31667495 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the critical period, neuronal connections are shaped by sensory experience. While the basis for this temporarily heightened plasticity remains unclear, shared connections introducing activity correlations likely play a key role. Thus, we investigated the changing intracortical connectivity in primary auditory cortex (A1) over development. In adult, layer 2/3 (L2/3) neurons receive ascending inputs from layer 4 (L4) and also receive few inputs from subgranular layer 5/6 (L5/6). We measured the spatial pattern of intracortical excitatory and inhibitory connections to L2/3 neurons in slices of mouse A1 across development using laser-scanning photostimulation. Before P11, L2/3 cells receive most excitatory input from within L2/3. Excitatory inputs from L2/3 and L4 increase after P5 and peak during P9-16. L5/6 inputs increase after P5 and provide most input during P12-16, the peak of the critical period. Inhibitory inputs followed a similar pattern. Functional circuit diversity in L2/3 emerges after P16. In vivo two-photon imaging shows low pairwise signal correlations in neighboring neurons before P11, which peak at P15-16 and decline after. Our results suggest that the critical period is characterized by high pairwise activity correlations and that transient hyperconnectivity of specific circuits, in particular those originating in L5/6, might play a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Meng
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Krystyna Solarana
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Zac Bowen
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Daniel A Nagode
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Aminah Sheikh
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Daniel E Winkowski
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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15
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Lin X, Brunk MGK, Yuanxiang P, Curran AW, Zhang E, Stöber F, Goldschmidt J, Gundelfinger ED, Vollmer M, Happel MFK, Herrera-Molina R, Montag D. Neuroplastin expression is essential for hearing and hair cell PMCA expression. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1533-1551. [PMID: 33844052 PMCID: PMC8096745 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hearing deficits impact on the communication with the external world and severely compromise perception of the surrounding. Deafness can be caused by particular mutations in the neuroplastin (Nptn) gene, which encodes a transmembrane recognition molecule of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and plasma membrane Calcium ATPase (PMCA) accessory subunit. This study investigates whether the complete absence of neuroplastin or the loss of neuroplastin in the adult after normal development lead to hearing impairment in mice analyzed by behavioral, electrophysiological, and in vivo imaging measurements. Auditory brainstem recordings from adult neuroplastin-deficient mice (Nptn-/-) show that these mice are deaf. With age, hair cells and spiral ganglion cells degenerate in Nptn-/- mice. Adult Nptn-/- mice fail to behaviorally respond to white noise and show reduced baseline blood flow in the auditory cortex (AC) as revealed by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In adult Nptn-/- mice, tone-evoked cortical activity was not detectable within the primary auditory field (A1) of the AC, although we observed non-persistent tone-like evoked activities in electrophysiological recordings of some young Nptn-/- mice. Conditional ablation of neuroplastin in Nptnlox/loxEmx1Cre mice reveals that behavioral responses to simple tones or white noise do not require neuroplastin expression by central glutamatergic neurons. Loss of neuroplastin from hair cells in adult NptnΔlox/loxPrCreERT mice after normal development is correlated with increased hearing thresholds and only high prepulse intensities result in effective prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response. Furthermore, we show that neuroplastin is required for the expression of PMCA 2 in outer hair cells. This suggests that altered Ca2+ homeostasis underlies the observed hearing impairments and leads to hair cell degeneration. Our results underline the importance of neuroplastin for the development and the maintenance of the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael G K Brunk
- Department System Physiology and Learning, AG CortXplorer, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Pingan Yuanxiang
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andrew W Curran
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Enqi Zhang
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Stöber
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Goldschmidt
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Department Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Molecular Neuroscience, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maike Vollmer
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Max F K Happel
- Department System Physiology and Learning, AG CortXplorer, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Department Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Centro Integrativo de Biología Y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 8307993, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
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16
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Intskirveli I, Metherate R. Nicotine Enhances Amplitude and Consistency of Timing of Responses to Acoustic Trains in A1. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:597401. [PMID: 33679335 PMCID: PMC7935554 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.597401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic nicotine enhances neural processing in primary auditory cortex (A1) as determined using tone-evoked, current-source density (CSD) measurements. For example, nicotine enhances the characteristic frequency (CF)-evoked current sink in layer 4 of A1, increasing amplitude and decreasing latency. However, since presenting auditory stimuli within a stream of stimuli increases the complexity of response dynamics, we sought to determine the effects of nicotine on CSD responses to trains of CF stimuli (one-second trains at 2–40 Hz; each train repeated 25 times). CSD recordings were obtained using a 16-channel multiprobe inserted in A1 of urethane/xylazine-anesthetized mice, and analysis focused on two current sinks in the middle (layer 4) and deep (layers 5/6) layers. CF trains produced adaptation of the layer 4 response that was weak at 2 Hz, stronger at 5–10 Hz and complete at 20–40 Hz. In contrast, the layer 5/6 current sink exhibited less adaptation at 2–10 Hz, and simultaneously recorded auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) showed no adaptation even at 40 Hz. Systemic nicotine (2.1 mg/kg) enhanced layer 4 responses throughout the one-second stimulus train at rates ≤10 Hz. Nicotine enhanced both response amplitude within each train and the consistency of response timing across 25 trials. Nicotine did not alter the degree of adaptation over one-second trials, but its effect to increase amplitudes revealed a novel, slower form of adaptation that developed over multiple trials. Nicotine did not affect responses that were fully adapted (20–40 Hz trains), nor did nicotine affect any aspect of the layer 5/6 current sink or ABRs. The overall effect of nicotine in layer 4 was to enhance all responses within each train, to emphasize earlier trials across multiple trials, and to improve the consistency of timing across all trials. These effects may improve processing of complex acoustic streams, including speech, that contain information in the 2–10 Hz range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irakli Intskirveli
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Hearing Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Raju Metherate
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Hearing Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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17
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Meng X, Mukherjee D, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Early peripheral activity alters nascent subplate circuits in the auditory cortex. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabc9155. [PMID: 33579707 PMCID: PMC7880598 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc9155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cortical function can be shaped by sensory experience during a critical period. The onset of the critical period is thought to coincide with the onset of thalamocortical transmission to the thalamo-recipient layer 4 (L4). In early development, subplate neurons (SPNs), and not L4 neurons, are the first targets of thalamic afferents. SPNs are transiently involved in early development and are largely eliminated during development. Activation of L4 by thalamic afferents coincides with the opening of ear canal (~P11 in mice) and precedes the later critical period. Here, we show in mice that abolishing peripheral function or presenting sound stimuli even before P11 leads to bidirectionally altered functional connectivity of SPNs in auditory cortex. Thus, early sensory experience can sculpt subplate circuits before thalamocortical circuits to L4 are mature. Our results show that peripheral activity shapes cortical circuits in a sequential manner and from earlier ages than has been appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Meng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Didhiti Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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18
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Oscillations in the auditory system and their possible role. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:507-528. [PMID: 32298712 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
GOURÉVITCH, B., C. Martin, O. Postal, J.J. Eggermont. Oscillations in the auditory system, their possible role. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV XXX XXX-XXX, 2020. - Neural oscillations are thought to have various roles in brain processing such as, attention modulation, neuronal communication, motor coordination, memory consolidation, decision-making, or feature binding. The role of oscillations in the auditory system is less clear, especially due to the large discrepancy between human and animal studies. Here we describe many methodological issues that confound the results of oscillation studies in the auditory field. Moreover, we discuss the relationship between neural entrainment and oscillations that remains unclear. Finally, we aim to identify which kind of oscillations could be specific or salient to the auditory areas and their processing. We suggest that the role of oscillations might dramatically differ between the primary auditory cortex and the more associative auditory areas. Despite the moderate presence of intrinsic low frequency oscillations in the primary auditory cortex, rhythmic components in the input seem crucial for auditory processing. This allows the phase entrainment between the oscillatory phase and rhythmic input, which is an integral part of stimulus selection within the auditory system.
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19
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Sun H, Takesian AE, Wang TT, Lippman-Bell JJ, Hensch TK, Jensen FE. Early Seizures Prematurely Unsilence Auditory Synapses to Disrupt Thalamocortical Critical Period Plasticity. Cell Rep 2019; 23:2533-2540. [PMID: 29847785 PMCID: PMC6446922 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heightened neural excitability in infancy and childhood results in increased susceptibility to seizures. Such early-life seizures are associated with language deficits and autism that can result from aberrant development of the auditory cortex. Here, we show that early-life seizures disrupt a critical period (CP) for tonotopic map plasticity in primary auditory cortex (A1). We show that this CP is characterized by a prevalence of “silent,” NMDA-receptor (NMDAR)-only, glutamate receptor synapses in auditory cortex that become “unsilenced” due to activity-dependent AMPA receptor (AMPAR) insertion. Induction of seizures prior to this CP occludes tonotopic map plasticity by prematurely unsilencing NMDAR-only synapses. Further, brief treatment with the AMPAR antagonist NBQX following seizures, prior to the CP, prevents synapse unsilencing and permits subsequent A1 plasticity. These findings reveal that early-life seizures modify CP regulators and suggest that therapeutic targets for early post-seizure treatment can rescue CP plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Sun
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Anne E Takesian
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ting Ting Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jocelyn J Lippman-Bell
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Takao K Hensch
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA; Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 52 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Frances E Jensen
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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20
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Fu X, Ye H, Jia H, Wang X, Chomiak T, Luo F. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-dependent persistent activity of layer 5 intrinsic-bursting and regular-spiking neurons in primary auditory cortex. J Neurophysiol 2019; 122:2344-2353. [PMID: 31596630 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00184.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic signaling coupled to sensory-driven neuronal depolarization is essential for modulating lasting changes in deep-layer neural excitability and experience-dependent plasticity in the primary auditory cortex. However, the underlying cellular mechanism(s) associated with coincident cholinergic receptor activation and neuronal depolarization of deep-layer cortical neurons remains unknown. Using in vitro whole cell patch-clamp recordings targeted to neurons (n = 151) in isolated brain slices containing the primary auditory cortex (AI), we investigated the effects of cholinergic receptor activation and neuronal depolarization on the electrophysiological properties of AI layer 5 intrinsic-bursting and regular-spiking neurons. Bath application of carbachol (5 µM; cholinergic receptor agonist) paired with suprathreshold intracellular depolarization led to persistent activity in these neurons. Persistent activity may involve similar cellular mechanisms and be generated intrinsically in both intrinsic-bursting and regular-spiking neurons given that it 1) persisted under the blockade of ionotropic glutamatergic (kynurenic acid, 2 mM) and GABAergic receptors (picrotoxin, 100 µM), 2) was fully blocked by both atropine (10 µM; nonselective muscarinic antagonist) and flufenamic acid [100 µM; nonspecific Ca2+-sensitive cationic channel (CAN) blocker], and 3) was sensitive to the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine (50 µM) and Ca2+-free artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Together, our results support a model through which coincident activation of AI layer 5 neuron muscarinic receptors and suprathreshold activation can lead to sustained changes in layer 5 excitability, providing new insight into the possible role of a calcium-CAN-dependent cholinergic mechanism of AI cortical plasticity. These findings also indicate that distinct streams of auditory processing in layer 5 intrinsic-bursting and regular-spiking neurons may run in parallel during learning-induced auditory plasticity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cholinergic signaling coupled to sensory-driven neuronal depolarization is essential for modulating lasting changes in experience-dependent plasticity in the primary auditory cortex. Cholinergic activation together with cellular depolarization can lead to persistent activity in both intrinsic-bursting and regular-spiking layer 5 pyramidal neurons. A similar mechanism involving muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, voltage-gated Ca2+ channel, and possible Ca2+-sensitive nonspecific cationic channel activation provides new insight into our understanding of the cellular mechanisms that govern learning-induced auditory cortical and subcortical plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Taylor Chomiak
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Feng Luo
- Hubei Key Lab of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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21
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Askew CE, Lopez AJ, Wood MA, Metherate R. Nicotine excites VIP interneurons to disinhibit pyramidal neurons in auditory cortex. Synapse 2019; 73:e22116. [PMID: 31081950 PMCID: PMC6767604 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and improves cognitive and sensory function, in part by its actions in cortical regions. Physiological studies show that nicotine amplifies stimulus-evoked responses in sensory cortex, potentially contributing to enhancement of sensory processing. However, the role of specific cell types and circuits in the nicotinic modulation of sensory cortex remains unclear. Here, we performed whole-cell recordings from pyramidal (Pyr) neurons and inhibitory interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SOM), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in mouse auditory cortex, in vitro. Bath application of nicotine strongly depolarized and excited VIP neurons, weakly depolarized Pyr neurons, and had no effect on the membrane potential of SOM or PV neurons. The use of receptor antagonists showed that nicotine's effects on VIP and Pyr neurons were direct and indirect, respectively. Nicotine also enhanced the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs) in Pyr, VIP, and SOM, but not PV, cells. Using Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs), we show that chemogenetic inhibition of VIP neurons prevents nicotine's effects on Pyr neurons. Since VIP cells preferentially contact other inhibitory interneurons, we suggest that nicotine drives VIP cell firing to disinhibit Pyr cell somata, potentially making Pyr cells more responsive to auditory stimuli. In parallel, activation of VIP cells also directly inhibits Pyr neurons, likely altering integration of other synaptic inputs. These cellular and synaptic mechanisms likely contribute to nicotine's beneficial effects on cognitive and sensory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin E. Askew
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Hearing ResearchUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCalifornia
| | - Alberto J. Lopez
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Hearing ResearchUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCalifornia
| | - Marcelo A. Wood
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Hearing ResearchUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCalifornia
| | - Raju Metherate
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Hearing ResearchUniversity of California, IrvineIrvineCalifornia
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22
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Preserving Inhibition during Developmental Hearing Loss Rescues Auditory Learning and Perception. J Neurosci 2019; 39:8347-8361. [PMID: 31451577 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0749-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient periods of childhood hearing loss can induce deficits in aural communication that persist long after auditory thresholds have returned to normal, reflecting long-lasting impairments to the auditory CNS. Here, we asked whether these behavioral deficits could be reversed by treating one of the central impairments: reduction of inhibitory strength. Male and female gerbils received bilateral earplugs to induce a mild, reversible hearing loss during the critical period of auditory cortex development. After earplug removal and the return of normal auditory thresholds, we trained and tested animals on an amplitude modulation detection task. Transient developmental hearing loss induced both learning and perceptual deficits, which were entirely corrected by treatment with a selective GABA reuptake inhibitor (SGRI). To explore the mechanistic basis for these behavioral findings, we recorded the amplitudes of GABAA and GABAB receptor-mediated IPSPs in auditory cortical and thalamic brain slices. In hearing loss-reared animals, cortical IPSP amplitudes were significantly reduced within a few days of hearing loss onset, and this reduction persisted into adulthood. SGRI treatment during the critical period prevented the hearing loss-induced reduction of IPSP amplitudes; but when administered after the critical period, it only restored GABAB receptor-mediated IPSP amplitudes. These effects were driven, in part, by the ability of SGRI to upregulate α1 subunit-dependent GABAA responses. Similarly, SGRI prevented the hearing loss-induced reduction of GABAA and GABAB IPSPs in the ventral nucleus of the medial geniculate body. Thus, by maintaining, or subsequently rescuing, GABAergic transmission in the central auditory thalamocortical pathway, some perceptual and cognitive deficits induced by developmental hearing loss can be prevented.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Even a temporary period of childhood hearing loss can induce communication deficits that persist long after auditory thresholds return to normal. These deficits may arise from long-lasting central impairments, including the loss of synaptic inhibition. Here, we asked whether hearing loss-induced behavioral deficits could be reversed by reinstating normal inhibitory strength. Gerbils reared with transient hearing loss displayed both learning and perceptual deficits. However, when animals were treated with a selective GABA reuptake inhibitor during or after hearing loss, behavioral deficits were entirely corrected. This behavioral recovery was correlated with the return of normal thalamic and cortical inhibitory function. Thus, some perceptual and cognitive deficits induced by developmental hearing loss were prevented with a treatment that rescues a central synaptic property.
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23
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Rock C, Zurita H, Lebby S, Wilson CJ, Apicella AJ. Cortical Circuits of Callosal GABAergic Neurons. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:1154-1167. [PMID: 28174907 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anatomical studies have shown that the majority of callosal axons are glutamatergic. However, a small proportion of callosal axons are also immunoreactive for glutamic acid decarboxylase, an enzyme required for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis and a specific marker for GABAergic neurons. Here, we test the hypothesis that corticocortical parvalbumin-expressing (CC-Parv) neurons connect the two hemispheres of multiple cortical areas, project through the corpus callosum, and are a functional part of the local cortical circuit. Our investigation of this hypothesis takes advantage of viral tracing and optogenetics to determine the anatomical and electrophysiological properties of CC-Parv neurons of the mouse auditory, visual, and motor cortices. We found a direct inhibitory pathway made up of parvalbumin-expressing (Parv) neurons which connects corresponding cortical areas (CC-Parv neurons → contralateral cortex). Like other Parv cortical neurons, these neurons provide local inhibition onto nearby pyramidal neurons and receive thalamocortical input. These results demonstrate a previously unknown long-range inhibitory circuit arising from a genetically defined type of GABAergic neuron that is engaged in interhemispheric communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Rock
- Department of Biology, Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, Biosciences Building 1.03.26, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Hector Zurita
- Department of Biology, Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, Biosciences Building 1.03.26, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Sharmon Lebby
- Department of Biology, Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, Biosciences Building 1.03.26, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Charles J Wilson
- Department of Biology, Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, Biosciences Building 1.03.26, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Alfonso Junior Apicella
- Department of Biology, Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio, Biosciences Building 1.03.26, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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24
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Levy RB, Marquarding T, Reid AP, Pun CM, Renier N, Oviedo HV. Circuit asymmetries underlie functional lateralization in the mouse auditory cortex. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2783. [PMID: 31239458 PMCID: PMC6592910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The left hemisphere's dominance in processing social communication has been known for over a century, but the mechanisms underlying this lateralized cortical function are poorly understood. Here, we compare the structure, function, and development of each auditory cortex (ACx) in the mouse to look for specializations that may underlie lateralization. Using Fos brain volume imaging, we found greater activation in the left ACx in response to vocalizations, while the right ACx responded more to frequency sweeps. In vivo recordings identified hemispheric differences in spectrotemporal selectivity, reinforcing their functional differences. We then compared the synaptic connectivity within each hemisphere and discovered lateralized circuit-motifs that are hearing experience-dependent. Our results suggest a specialist role for the left ACx, focused on facilitating the detection of specific vocalization features, while the right ACx is a generalist with the ability to integrate spectrotemporal features more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Levy
- Biology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Tiemo Marquarding
- Biology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20251, Germany
| | - Ashlan P Reid
- Biology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Christopher M Pun
- The City College of New York, Macaulay Honors College, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Nicolas Renier
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Hysell V Oviedo
- Biology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- CUNY Graduate Center, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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25
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Voss LJ, García PS, Hentschke H, Banks MI. Understanding the Effects of General Anesthetics on Cortical Network Activity Using Ex Vivo Preparations. Anesthesiology 2019; 130:1049-1063. [PMID: 30694851 PMCID: PMC6520142 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000002554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
General anesthetics have been used to ablate consciousness during surgery for more than 150 yr. Despite significant advances in our understanding of their molecular-level pharmacologic effects, comparatively little is known about how anesthetics alter brain dynamics to cause unconsciousness. Consequently, while anesthesia practice is now routine and safe, there are many vagaries that remain unexplained. In this paper, the authors review the evidence that cortical network activity is particularly sensitive to general anesthetics, and suggest that disruption to communication in, and/or among, cortical brain regions is a common mechanism of anesthesia that ultimately produces loss of consciousness. The authors review data from acute brain slices and organotypic cultures showing that anesthetics with differing molecular mechanisms of action share in common the ability to impair neurophysiologic communication. While many questions remain, together, ex vivo and in vivo investigations suggest that a unified understanding of both clinical anesthesia and the neural basis of consciousness is attainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan J Voss
- From the Department of Anaesthesia, Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand (L.J.V.) the Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (P.S.G) Anesthesiology and Research Divisions, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia (P.S.G.) the Experimental Anesthesiology Section, Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (H.H.) rthe Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin (M.I.B.)
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26
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Ahn SC. Abrupt Change in Electrophysiological Properties Begins From Postnatal Day 7 Before Hearing Onset in the Developing Mice Auditory Cortical Layer II/III Neurons. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 12:279-286. [PMID: 30982321 PMCID: PMC6635709 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2018.01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In the developing auditory cortex, maturation of electrophysiological properties and cell types before and after hearing onset has been reported previously. However, the exact timing of firing pattern change has not been reported. In this study, firing pattern change was investigated from postnatal day 3 (P3) to P12 in auditory cortical layer II/III neurons to investigate whether firing pattern changes dramatically after a specific point during development. Methods ICR mice pups aged from P3 to P12 were sacrificed to obtain 300-mm-thick brain slices containing the primary auditory cortex. From cortical layer II/III neurons, the patterns of action potential firing generated by current injection were examined using whole cell current clamp technique and the characteristics of Na+ currents involved in action potential firing were investigated using whole cell voltage clamp technique. Results From P3 to P6, most cells did not show action potential firing (29 of 46 cells), and some cells responding to current injection showed a single action potential at the initial depolarizing current step (17 of 46 cells). This firing pattern changes from P7. From P7 to P9, cells begin to show regular spiking to current injection. The spiking frequency increased after P10. In studying Na+ current with whole cell voltage clamp, Na+ current densities increased gradually (32.0±2.0 pA/pF [P3–P6, n=7], 51.2±2.0 pA/pF [P7–P9, n=13], and 69.5±3.7 pA/pF [P10–P12, n=13]) in low external [Na+] condition. Na+ current recovery was accelerated and inactivation curves shifted to hyperpolarization with age. Conclusion As regular spiking cells were observed from P7 but never from P3 to P6, P7 might be regarded as an important milestone in the development of auditory cortical layer II/III neurons. This change might mainly result from the increase in Na+ current density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Cheol Ahn
- Department of Physiology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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27
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Smith PH, Uhlrich DJ, Manning KA. Evaluation of medial division of the medial geniculate (MGM) and posterior intralaminar nucleus (PIN) inputs to the rat auditory cortex, amygdala, and striatum. J Comp Neurol 2019; 527:1478-1494. [PMID: 30689207 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The medial division of the medial geniculate (MGM) and the posterior intralaminar nucleus (PIN) are association nuclei of the auditory thalamus. We made tracer injections in these nuclei to evaluate/compare their presynaptic terminal and postsynaptic target features in auditory cortex, amygdala and striatum, at the light and electron microscopic levels. Cortical labeling was concentrated in Layer 1 but in other layers distribution was location-dependent. In cortical areas designated dorsal, primary and ventral (AuD, Au1, AuV) terminals deep to Layer 1 were concentrated in infragranular layers and sparser in the supragranular and middle layers. In ectorhinal cortex (Ect), distributions below Layer 1 changed with concentrations in supragranular and middle layers. In temporal association cortex (TeA) terminal distributions below Layer 1 was intermediate between AuV/1/D and Ect. In amygdala and striatum, terminal concentrations were higher in striatum but not as dense as in cortical Layer 1. Ultrastructurally, presynaptic terminal size was similar in amygdala, striatum or cortex and in all cortical layers. Postsynaptically MGM/PIN terminals everywhere synapsed on spines or small distal dendrites but as a population the postsynaptic structures in cortex were larger than those in the striatum. In addition, primary cortical targets of terminals were larger in primary cortex than in area Ect. Thus, although postsynaptic size may play some role in changes in synaptic influence between areas it appears that terminal size is not a variable used for that purpose. In auditory cortex, cortical subdivision-dependent changes in the terminal distribution between cortical layers may also play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip H Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Daniel J Uhlrich
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Karen A Manning
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
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28
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Krause BM, Murphy CA, Uhlrich DJ, Banks MI. PV+ Cells Enhance Temporal Population Codes but not Stimulus-Related Timing in Auditory Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2019; 29:627-647. [PMID: 29300837 PMCID: PMC6319178 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatio-temporal cortical activity patterns relative to both peripheral input and local network activity carry information about stimulus identity and context. GABAergic interneurons are reported to regulate spiking at millisecond precision in response to sensory stimulation and during gamma oscillations; their role in regulating spike timing during induced network bursts is unclear. We investigated this issue in murine auditory thalamo-cortical (TC) brain slices, in which TC afferents induced network bursts similar to previous reports in vivo. Spike timing relative to TC afferent stimulation during bursts was poor in pyramidal cells and SOM+ interneurons. It was more precise in PV+ interneurons, consistent with their reported contribution to spiking precision in pyramidal cells. Optogenetic suppression of PV+ cells unexpectedly improved afferent-locked spike timing in pyramidal cells. In contrast, our evidence suggests that PV+ cells do regulate the spatio-temporal spike pattern of pyramidal cells during network bursts, whose organization is suited to ensemble coding of stimulus information. Simulations showed that suppressing PV+ cells reduces the capacity of pyramidal cell networks to produce discriminable spike patterns. By dissociating temporal precision with respect to a stimulus versus internal cortical activity, we identified a novel role for GABAergic cells in regulating information processing in cortical networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M Krause
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Caitlin A Murphy
- Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Daniel J Uhlrich
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew I Banks
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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29
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Goswami S, Cavalier S, Sridhar V, Huber KM, Gibson JR. Local cortical circuit correlates of altered EEG in the mouse model of Fragile X syndrome. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 124:563-572. [PMID: 30639292 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings in Fragile X syndrome (FXS) patients have revealed enhanced sensory responses, enhanced resting "gamma frequency" (30-100 Hz) activity, and a decreased ability for sensory stimuli to modulate cortical activity at gamma frequencies. Similar changes are observed in the FXS model mouse - the Fmr1 knockout. These alterations may become effective biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of FXS. Therefore, it is critical to better understand what circuit properties underlie these changes. We employed Channelrhodopsin2 to optically activate local circuits in the auditory cortical region in brain slices to examine how changes in local circuit function may be related to EEG changes. We focused on layers 2/3 and 5 (L2/3 and L5). In Fmr1 knockout mice, light-driven excitation of L2/3 revealed hyperexcitability and increased gamma frequency power in both local L2/3 and L5 circuits. Moreover, there is increased synchrony in the gamma frequency band between L2/3 and L5. Hyperexcitability and increased gamma power were not observed in L5 with L5 light-driven excitation, indicating that these changes were layer-specific. A component of L2/3 network hyperexcitability is independent of ionotropic receptor mediated synaptic transmission and may be mediated by increased intrinsic excitability of L2/3 neurons. Finally, lovastatin, a candidate therapeutic compound for FXS that targets ERK signaling did not normalize changes in gamma activity. In conclusion, hyperactivity and increased gamma activity in local neocortical circuits, together with increased gamma synchrony between circuits, provide a putative substrate for EEG alterations observed in both FXS patients and the FXS mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Goswami
- Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Sheridan Cavalier
- Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Vinay Sridhar
- Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Kimberly M Huber
- Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.
| | - Jay R Gibson
- Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.
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30
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Slater BJ, Sons SK, Yudintsev G, Lee CM, Llano DA. Thalamocortical and Intracortical Inputs Differentiate Layer-Specific Mouse Auditory Corticocollicular Neurons. J Neurosci 2019; 39:256-270. [PMID: 30361396 PMCID: PMC6325253 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3352-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-range descending projections from the auditory cortex play key roles in shaping response properties in the inferior colliculus. The auditory corticocollicular projection is massive and heterogeneous, with axons emanating from cortical layers 5 and 6, and plays a key role in directing plastic changes in the inferior colliculus. However, little is known about the cortical and thalamic networks within which corticocollicular neurons are embedded. Here, laser scanning photostimulation glutamate uncaging and photoactivation of channelrhodopsin-2 were used to probe the local and long-range network differences between preidentified layer 5 and layer 6 auditory corticocollicular neurons from male and female mice in vitro Layer 5 corticocollicular neurons were found to vertically integrate supragranular excitatory and inhibitory input to a substantially greater degree than their layer 6 counterparts. In addition, all layer 5 corticocollicular neurons received direct and large thalamic inputs from channelrhodopsin-2-labeled thalamocortical fibers, whereas such inputs were less common in layer 6 corticocollicular neurons. Finally, a new low-calcium/synaptic blockade approach to separate direct from indirect inputs using laser photostimulation was validated. These data demonstrate that layer 5 and 6 corticocollicular neurons receive distinct sets of cortical and thalamic inputs, supporting the hypothesis that they have divergent roles in modulating the inferior colliculus. Furthermore, the direct connection between the auditory thalamus and layer 5 corticocollicular neurons reveals a novel and rapid link connecting ascending and descending pathways.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Descending projections from the cortex play a critical role in shaping the response properties of sensory neurons. The projection from the auditory cortex to the inferior colliculus is a massive, yet poorly understood, pathway emanating from two distinct cortical layers. Here we show, using a range of optical techniques, that mouse auditory corticocollicular neurons from different layers are embedded into different cortical and thalamic networks. Specifically, we observed that layer 5 corticocollicular neurons integrate information across cortical lamina and receive direct thalamic input. The latter connection provides a hyperdirect link between acoustic sensation and descending control, thus demonstrating a novel mechanism for rapid "online" modulation of sensory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard J Slater
- Neuroscience Program and
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Stacy K Sons
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, and
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Georgiy Yudintsev
- Neuroscience Program and
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Christopher M Lee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, and
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Daniel A Llano
- Neuroscience Program and
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, and
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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31
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Hentschke H, Raz A, Krause BM, Murphy CA, Banks MI. Disruption of cortical network activity by the general anaesthetic isoflurane. Br J Anaesth 2019; 119:685-696. [PMID: 29121295 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Actions of general anaesthetics on activity in the cortico-thalamic network likely contribute to loss of consciousness and disconnection from the environment. Previously, we showed that the general anaesthetic isoflurane preferentially suppresses cortically evoked synaptic responses compared with thalamically evoked synaptic responses, but how this differential sensitivity translates into changes in network activity is unclear. Methods We investigated isoflurane disruption of spontaneous and stimulus-induced cortical network activity using multichannel recordings in murine auditory thalamo-cortical brain slices. Results Under control conditions, afferent stimulation elicited short latency, presumably monosynaptically driven, spiking responses, as well as long latency network bursts that propagated horizontally through the cortex. Isoflurane (0.05-0.6 mM) suppressed spiking activity overall, but had a far greater effect on network bursts than on early spiking responses. At isoflurane concentrations >0.3 mM, network bursts were almost entirely blocked, even with increased stimulation intensity and in response to paired (thalamo-cortical + cortical layer 1) stimulation, while early spiking responses were <50% blocked. Isoflurane increased the threshold for eliciting bursts, decreased their propagation speed and prevented layer 1 afferents from facilitating burst induction by thalamo-cortical afferents. Conclusions Disruption of horizontal activity spread and of layer 1 facilitation of thalamo-cortical responses likely contribute to the mechanism by which suppression of cortical feedback connections disrupts sensory awareness under anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hentschke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Experimental Anesthesiology Section, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A Raz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - B M Krause
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - C A Murphy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M I Banks
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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32
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Gribkova ED, Ibrahim BA, Llano DA. A novel mutual information estimator to measure spike train correlations in a model thalamocortical network. J Neurophysiol 2018; 120:2730-2744. [PMID: 30183459 PMCID: PMC6337027 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00012.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of thalamic state on information transmission to the cortex remains poorly understood. This limitation exists due to the rich dynamics displayed by thalamocortical networks and because of inadequate tools to characterize those dynamics. Here, we introduce a novel estimator of mutual information and use it to determine the impact of a computational model of thalamic state on information transmission. Using several criteria, this novel estimator, which uses an adaptive partition, is shown to be superior to other mutual information estimators with uniform partitions when used to analyze simulated spike train data with different mean spike rates, as well as electrophysiological data from simultaneously recorded neurons. When applied to a thalamocortical model, the estimator revealed that thalamocortical cell T-type calcium current conductance influences mutual information between the input and output from this network. In particular, a T-type calcium current conductance of ~40 nS appears to produce maximal mutual information between the input to this network (conceptualized as afferent input to the thalamocortical cell) and the output of the network at the level of a layer 4 cortical neuron. Furthermore, at particular combinations of inputs to thalamocortical and thalamic reticular nucleus cells, thalamic cell bursting correlated strongly with recovery of mutual information between thalamic afferents and layer 4 neurons. These studies suggest that the novel mutual information estimator has advantages over previous estimators and that thalamic reticular nucleus activity can enhance mutual information between thalamic afferents and thalamorecipient cells in the cortex. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, a novel mutual information estimator was developed to analyze information flow in a model thalamocortical network. Our findings suggest that this estimator is a suitable tool for signal transmission analysis, particularly in neural circuits with disparate firing rates, and that the thalamic reticular nucleus can potentiate ascending sensory signals, while thalamic recipient cells in the cortex can recover mutual information in ascending sensory signals that is lost due to thalamic bursting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina D Gribkova
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Baher A Ibrahim
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , Urbana, Illinois
| | - Daniel A Llano
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , Urbana, Illinois
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33
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Xie F, You L, Cai D, Liu M, Yue Y, Wang Y, Yuan K. Fast Inhibitory Decay Facilitates Adult-like Temporal Processing in Layer 5 of Developing Primary Auditory Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:4319-4335. [PMID: 29121216 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The protracted maturational process of temporal processing in layer 4 (L4) of primary auditory cortex (A1) has been extensively studied. Accumulating evidences show that layer 5 (L5) receives direct thalamic inputs as well. How the temporal responses in L5 may developmentally emerge remains unclear. Using in vivo loose-patch recordings in rat A1, we found that putative pyramidal (Pyr) neurons in developing L5 exhibited adult-like stimulus-following ability but less bursting shortly after hearing onset. L5 Pyr neurons in adult A1 exhibited phase-locking similar to L4 neurons, while L5 fast-spiking (FS) neurons showed greater phase-locking at 7 and 12.5 pps. In developing L5, whole-cell recordings revealed inhibition with decay constant comparable to that in adult L5, thereby avoiding the summation of inhibition that contributed to the strong adaptation in L4. Given the targets of L5 outputs, the relatively precocious temporal processing in L5 might contribute to temporal response maturation in connected cortical and subcortical areas. Our findings were in agreement with the idea that L5 may be a "hub" for processing cortical inputs and outputs that can operate independently of L4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqin Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Yue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Center for Brain-Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Imaizumi K, Yanagawa Y, Feng G, Lee CC. Functional Topography and Development of Inhibitory Reticulothalamic Barreloid Projections. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:87. [PMID: 30429777 PMCID: PMC6220084 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is the main source of inhibition to the somatosensory thalamus (ventrobasal nucleus, VB) in mice. However, the functional topography and development of these projections with respect to the VB barreloids has been largely unexplored. In this respect, to assist in the study of these projections, we have utilized a vesicular gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA) transporter (VGAT)-Venus transgenic mouse line to develop a brain slice preparation that enables the rapid identification of inhibitory neurons and projections. We demonstrate the utility of our in vitro brain slice preparation for physiologically mapping inhibitory reticulothalamic (RT) topography, using laser-scanning photostimulation via glutamate uncaging. Furthermore, we utilized this slice preparation to compare the development of excitatory and inhibitory projections to VB. We found that excitatory projections to the barreloids, created by ascending projections from the brain stem, develop by postnatal day 2-3 (P2-P3). By contrast, inhibitory projections to the barreloids lag ~5 days behind excitatory projections to the barreloids, developing by P7-P8. We probed this lag in inhibitory projection development through early postnatal whisker lesions. We found that in whisker-lesioned animals, the development of inhibitory projections to the barreloids closed by P4, in register with that of the excitatory projections to the barreloids. Our findings demonstrate both developmental and topographic organizational features of the RT projection to the VB barreloids, whose mechanisms can now be further examined utilizing the VGAT-Venus mouse slice preparation that we have characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Imaizumi
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Guoping Feng
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Charles C. Lee
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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Chang M, Kawai HD. A characterization of laminar architecture in mouse primary auditory cortex. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:4187-4209. [PMID: 30187193 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1744-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Laminar architecture of primary auditory cortex (A1) has long been investigated by traditional histochemical techniques such as Nissl staining, retrograde and anterograde tracings. Uncertainty still remains, however, about laminar boundaries in mice. Here we investigated the cortical lamina structure by combining neuronal tracing and immunofluorochemistry for laminar specific markers. Most retrogradely labeled corticothalamic neurons expressed Forkhead box protein P2 (Foxp2) and distributed within the laminar band of Foxp2-expressing cells, identifying layer 6. Cut-like homeobox 1 (Cux1) expression in layer 2-4 neurons divided the upper layers into low expression layers 2/3 and high expression layers 3/4, which overlapped with the dense terminals of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGluT2) and anterogradely labeled lemniscal thalamocortical axons. In layer 5, between Cux1-expressing layers 2-4 and Foxp2-defined layer 6, retrogradely labeled corticocollicular projection neurons mostly expressed COUP-TF interacting protein 2 (Ctip2). Ctip2-expressing neurons formed a laminar band in the middle of layer 5 distant from layer 6, creating a laminar gap between the two laminas. This gap contained a high population of commissural neurons projecting to contralateral A1 compared to other layers and received vGluT2-immunopositive, presumptive thalamocortical axon collateral inputs. Our study shows that layer 5 is much wider than layer 6, and layer 5 can be divided into at least three sublayers. The thalamorecipient layers 3/4 may be separated from layers 2/3 using Cux1 and can be also divided into layer 4 and layer 3 based on the neuronal soma size. These data provide a new insight for the laminar structure of mouse A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzi Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | - Hideki Derek Kawai
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan. .,Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan.
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36
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Chang M, Suzuki N, Kawai HD. Laminar specific gene expression reveals differences in postnatal laminar maturation in mouse auditory, visual, and somatosensory cortex. J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:2257-2284. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minzi Chang
- Department of Bioinformatics; Graduate School of Engineering; Hachioji Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
| | - Nobuko Suzuki
- Department of Bioinformatics; Graduate School of Engineering; Hachioji Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
| | - Hideki Derek Kawai
- Department of Bioinformatics; Graduate School of Engineering; Hachioji Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
- Department of Science and Engineering for Sustainable Innovation; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Hachioji Tokyo 192-8577 Japan
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Parvalbumin-Interneuron Output Synapses Show Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity that Contributes to Auditory Map Remodeling. Neuron 2018; 99:720-735.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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38
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Takesian AE, Bogart LJ, Lichtman JW, Hensch TK. Inhibitory circuit gating of auditory critical-period plasticity. Nat Neurosci 2018; 21:218-227. [PMID: 29358666 PMCID: PMC5978727 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-017-0064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cortical sensory maps are remodeled during early life to adapt to the surrounding environment. Both sensory and contextual signals are important for induction of this plasticity, but how these signals converge to sculpt developing thalamocortical circuits remains largely unknown. Here we show that layer 1 (L1) of primary auditory cortex (A1) is a key hub where neuromodulatory and topographically organized thalamic inputs meet to tune the cortical layers below. Inhibitory interneurons in L1 send narrowly descending projections to differentially modulate thalamic drive to pyramidal and parvalbumin-expressing (PV) cells in L4, creating brief windows of intracolumnar activation. Silencing of L1 (but not VIP-expressing) cells abolishes map plasticity during the tonotopic critical period. Developmental transitions in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) sensitivity in these cells caused by Lynx1 protein can be overridden to extend critical-period closure. Notably, thalamocortical maps in L1 are themselves stable, and serve as a scaffold for cortical plasticity throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Takesian
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Luke J Bogart
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeff W Lichtman
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Takao K Hensch
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Brain Science, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Namikawa M, Sano A, Tateno T. Salicylate-Induced Suppression of Electrically Driven Activity in Brain Slices from the Auditory Cortex of Aging Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:395. [PMID: 29311894 PMCID: PMC5732918 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of tinnitus is known to increase with age. The age-dependent mechanisms of tinnitus may have important implications for the development of new therapeutic treatments. High doses of salicylate can be used experimentally to induce transient tinnitus and hearing loss. Although accumulating evidence indicates that salicylate induces tinnitus by directly targeting neurons in the peripheral and central auditory systems, the precise effect of salicylate on neural networks in the auditory cortex (AC) is unknown. Here, we examined salicylate-induced changes in stimulus-driven laminar responses of AC slices with salicylate superfusion in young and aged senescence-accelerated-prone (SAMP) and -resistant (SAMR) mice. Of the two strains, SAMP1 is known to be a more suitable model of presbycusis. We recorded stimulus-driven laminar local field potential (LFP) responses at multi sites in AC slice preparations. We found that for all AC slices in the two strains, salicylate always reduced stimulus-driven LFP responses in all layers. However, for the amplitudes of the LFP responses, the two senescence-accelerated mice (SAM) strains showed different laminar properties between the pre- and post-salicylate conditions, reflecting strain-related differences in local circuits. As for the relationships between auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds and the LFP amplitude ratios in the pre- vs. post-salicylate condition, we found negative correlations in layers 2/3 and 4 for both older strains, and in layer 5 (L5) in older SAMR1. In contrast, the GABAergic agonist muscimol (MSC) led to positive correlations between ABR thresholds and LFP amplitude ratios in the pre- vs. post-MSC condition in younger SAM mice from both strains. Further, in younger mice, salicylate decreased the firing rate in AC L4 pyramidal neurons. Thus, salicylate can directly reduce neural excitability of L4 pyramidal neurons and thereby influence AC neural circuit activity. That we observed age-dependent effects of salicylate and varied GABAergic sensitivity in the AC among mouse strains with hearing loss implies that potential therapeutic mechanisms for tinnitus may operate differently in young vs. aged subjects. Therefore, scientists developing new therapeutic modalities for tinnitus treatment should consider using both aged and young animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Namikawa
- Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sano
- Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tateno
- Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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40
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Oviedo HV. Connectivity motifs of inhibitory neurons in the mouse Auditory Cortex. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16987. [PMID: 29208907 PMCID: PMC5717100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Connectivity determines the function of neural circuits and it is the gateway to behavioral output. The emergent properties of the Auditory Cortex (ACx) have been difficult to unravel partly due to our assumption that it is organized similarly to other sensory areas. But detailed investigations of its functional connectivity have begun to reveal significant differences from other cortical areas that perform different functions. Using Laser Scanning Photostimulation we previously discovered unique circuit features in the ACx. Specifically, we found that the functional asymmetry of the ACx (tonotopy and isofrequency axes) is reflected in the local circuitry of excitatory inputs to Layer 3 pyramidal neurons. In the present study we extend the functional wiring diagram of the ACx with an investigation of the connectivity patterns of inhibitory subclasses. We compared excitatory input to parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SOM)-expressing interneurons and found distinct circuit-motifs between and within these subpopulations. Moreover, these connectivity motifs emerged as intrinsic differences between the left and right ACx. Our results support a functional circuit based approach to understand the role of inhibitory neurons in auditory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hysell V Oviedo
- The City College of New York, Biology Department, New York, NY, USA.
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Ivanova TN, Gross C, Mappus RC, Kwon YJ, Bassell GJ, Liu RC. Familiarity with a vocal category biases the compartmental expression of Arc/Arg3.1 in core auditory cortex. Learn Mem 2017; 24:612-621. [PMID: 29142056 PMCID: PMC5688959 DOI: 10.1101/lm.046086.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Learning to recognize a stimulus category requires experience with its many natural variations. However, the mechanisms that allow a category's sensorineural representation to be updated after experiencing new exemplars are not well understood, particularly at the molecular level. Here we investigate how a natural vocal category induces expression in the auditory system of a key synaptic plasticity effector immediate early gene, Arc/Arg3.1, which is required for memory consolidation. We use the ultrasonic communication system between mouse pups and adult females to study whether prior familiarity with pup vocalizations alters how Arc is engaged in the core auditory cortex after playback of novel exemplars from the pup vocal category. A computerized, 3D surface-assisted cellular compartmental analysis, validated against manual cell counts, demonstrates significant changes in the recruitment of neurons expressing Arc in pup-experienced animals (mothers and virgin females "cocaring" for pups) compared with pup-inexperienced animals (pup-naïve virgins), especially when listening to more familiar, natural calls compared to less familiar but similarly recognized tonal model calls. Our data support the hypothesis that the kinetics of Arc induction to refine cortical representations of sensory categories is sensitive to the familiarity of the sensory experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara N Ivanova
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Christina Gross
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Rudolph C Mappus
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Yong Jun Kwon
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Gary J Bassell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Robert C Liu
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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42
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Meng X, Winkowski DE, Kao JPY, Kanold PO. Sublaminar Subdivision of Mouse Auditory Cortex Layer 2/3 Based on Functional Translaminar Connections. J Neurosci 2017; 37:10200-10214. [PMID: 28931571 PMCID: PMC5647773 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1361-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is subdivided into six layers based on morphological features. The supragranular layers 2/3 (L2/3) contain morphologically and genetically diverse populations of neurons, suggesting the existence of discrete classes of cells. In primates and carnivores L2/3 can be subdivided morphologically, but cytoarchitectonic divisions are less clear in rodents. Nevertheless, discrete classes of cells could exist based on their computational requirement, which might be linked to their associated functional microcircuits. Through in vitro slice recordings coupled with laser-scanning photostimulation we investigated whether L2/3 of male mouse auditory cortex contains discrete subpopulations of cells with specific functional microcircuits. We use hierarchical clustering on the laminar connection patterns to reveal the existence of multiple distinct classes of L2/3 neurons. The classes of L2/3 neurons are distinguished by the pattern of their laminar and columnar inputs from within A1 and their location within L2/3. Cells in superficial L2 show more extensive columnar integration than deeper L3 cells. Moreover, L3 cells receive more translaminar input from L4. In vivo imaging in awake mice revealed that L2 cells had higher bandwidth than L3 cells, consistent with the laminar differences in columnar integration. These results suggest that similar to higher mammals, rodent L2/3 is not a homogenous layer but contains several parallel microcircuits.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Layer 2/3 of auditory cortex is functionally diverse. We investigated whether L2/3 cells form classes based on their functional connectivity. We used in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp recordings with laser-scanning photostimulation and performed unsupervised clustering on the resulting excitatory and inhibitory connection patterns. Cells within each class were located in different sublaminae. Superficial cells showed wider integration along the tonotopic axis and the amount of L4 input varied with sublaminar location. To identify whether sensory responses varied with sublaminar location, we performed in vivo Ca2+ imaging and found that L2 cells were less frequency-selective than L3 cells. Our results show that the diversity of receptive fields in L2/3 is likely due to diversity in the underlying functional circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Meng
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, and
| | - Daniel E Winkowski
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, and
| | - Joseph P Y Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Patrick O Kanold
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, and
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43
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Mesgari M, Krüger J, Riemer CT, Khaleghi Ghadiri M, Kovac S, Gorji A. Gabapentin prevents cortical spreading depolarization-induced disinhibition. Neuroscience 2017; 361:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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44
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Dechery JB, MacLean JN. Emergent cortical circuit dynamics contain dense, interwoven ensembles of spike sequences. J Neurophysiol 2017; 118:1914-1925. [PMID: 28724786 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00394.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporal codes are theoretically powerful encoding schemes, but their precise form in the neocortex remains unknown in part because of the large number of possible codes and the difficulty in disambiguating informative spikes from statistical noise. A biologically plausible and computationally powerful temporal coding scheme is the Hebbian assembly phase sequence (APS), which predicts reliable propagation of spikes between functionally related assemblies of neurons. Here, we sought to measure the inherent capacity of neocortical networks to produce reliable sequences of spikes, as would be predicted by an APS code. To record microcircuit activity, the scale at which computation is implemented, we used two-photon calcium imaging to densely sample spontaneous activity in murine neocortical networks ex vivo. We show that the population spike histogram is sufficient to produce a spatiotemporal progression of activity across the population. To more comprehensively evaluate the capacity for sequential spiking that cannot be explained by the overall population spiking, we identify statistically significant spike sequences. We found a large repertoire of sequence spikes that collectively comprise the majority of spiking in the circuit. Sequences manifest probabilistically and share neuron membership, resulting in unique ensembles of interwoven sequences characterizing individual spatiotemporal progressions of activity. Distillation of population dynamics into its constituent sequences provides a way to capture trial-to-trial variability and may prove to be a powerful decoding substrate in vivo. Informed by these data, we suggest that the Hebbian APS be reformulated as interwoven sequences with flexible assembly membership due to shared overlapping neurons.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Neocortical computation occurs largely within microcircuits comprised of individual neurons and their connections within small volumes (<500 μm3). We found evidence for a long-postulated temporal code, the Hebbian assembly phase sequence, by identifying repeated and co-occurring sequences of spikes. Variance in population activity across trials was explained in part by the ensemble of active sequences. The presence of interwoven sequences suggests that neuronal assembly structure can be variable and is determined by previous activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Dechery
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Jason N MacLean
- Committee on Computational Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and .,Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Illinois
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45
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Effect of temperature on FAD and NADH-derived signals and neurometabolic coupling in the mouse auditory and motor cortex. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1631-1649. [PMID: 28785802 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tight coupling of neuronal metabolism to synaptic activity is critical to ensure that the supply of metabolic substrates meets the demands of neuronal signaling. Given the impact of temperature on metabolism, and the wide fluctuations of brain temperature observed during clinical hypothermia, we examined the effect of temperature on neurometabolic coupling. Intrinsic fluorescence signals of the oxidized form of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and their ratios, were measured to assess neural metabolic state and local field potentials were recorded to measure synaptic activity in the mouse brain. Brain slice preparations were used to remove the potential impacts of blood flow. Tight coupling between metabolic signals and local field potential amplitudes was observed at a range of temperatures below 29 °C. However, above 29 °C, the metabolic and synaptic signatures diverged such that FAD signals were diminished, but local field potentials retained their amplitude. It was also observed that the declines in the FAD signals seen at high temperatures (and hence the decoupling between synaptic and metabolic events) are driven by low FAD availability at high temperatures. These data suggest that neurometabolic coupling, thought to be critical for ensuring the metabolic health of the brain, may show temperature dependence, and is related to temperature-dependent changes in FAD supplies.
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46
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Systemic Nicotine Increases Gain and Narrows Receptive Fields in A1 via Integrated Cortical and Subcortical Actions. eNeuro 2017; 4:eN-NWR-0192-17. [PMID: 28660244 PMCID: PMC5480142 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0192-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine enhances sensory and cognitive processing via actions at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), yet the precise circuit- and systems-level mechanisms remain unclear. In sensory cortex, nicotinic modulation of receptive fields (RFs) provides a model to probe mechanisms by which nAChRs regulate cortical circuits. Here, we examine RF modulation in mouse primary auditory cortex (A1) using a novel electrophysiological approach: current-source density (CSD) analysis of responses to tone-in-notched-noise (TINN) acoustic stimuli. TINN stimuli consist of a tone at the characteristic frequency (CF) of the recording site embedded within a white noise stimulus filtered to create a spectral “notch” of variable width centered on CF. Systemic nicotine (2.1 mg/kg) enhanced responses to the CF tone and to narrow-notch stimuli, yet reduced the response to wider-notch stimuli, indicating increased response gain within a narrowed RF. Subsequent manipulations showed that modulation of cortical RFs by systemic nicotine reflected effects at several levels in the auditory pathway: nicotine suppressed responses in the auditory midbrain and thalamus, with suppression increasing with spectral distance from CF so that RFs became narrower, and facilitated responses in the thalamocortical pathway, while nicotinic actions within A1 further contributed to both suppression and facilitation. Thus, multiple effects of systemic nicotine integrate along the ascending auditory pathway. These actions at nAChRs in cortical and subcortical circuits, which mimic effects of auditory attention, likely contribute to nicotinic enhancement of sensory and cognitive processing.
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47
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Fröhlich F, Basta D, Strübing I, Ernst A, Gröschel M. Time course of cell death due to acoustic overstimulation in the mouse medial geniculate body and primary auditory cortex. Noise Health 2017; 19:133-139. [PMID: 28615543 PMCID: PMC5501023 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_10_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been shown that acoustic overstimulation induces cell death and extensive cell loss in key structures of the central auditory pathway. A correlation between noise-induced apoptosis and cell loss was hypothesized for the cochlear nucleus and colliculus inferior. To determine the role of cell death in noise-induced cell loss in thalamic and cortical structures, the present mouse study (NMRI strain) describes the time course following noise exposure of cell death mechanisms for the ventral medial geniculate body (vMGB), medial MGB (mMGB), and dorsal MGB (dMGB) and the six histological layers of the primary auditory cortex (AI 1-6). Therefore, a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dioxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay (TUNEL) was performed in these structures 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days after noise exposure (3 h, 115 dB sound pressure level, 5-20 kHz), as well as in unexposed controls. In the dMGB, TUNEL was statistically significant elevated 24 h postexposure. AI-1 showed a decrease in TUNEL after 14 days. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for the other brain areas investigated. dMGB's widespread connection within the central auditory pathway and its nontonotopical organization might explain its prominent increase in TUNEL compared to the other MGB subdivisions and the AI. It is assumed that the onset and peak of noise-induced cell death is delayed in higher areas of the central auditory pathway and takes place between 24 h and 7 days postexposure in thalamic and cortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Fröhlich
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Basta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ira Strübing
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Ernst
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Gröschel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
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48
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Li J, Liao X, Zhang J, Wang M, Yang N, Zhang J, Lv G, Li H, Lu J, Ding R, Li X, Guang Y, Yang Z, Qin H, Jin W, Zhang K, He C, Jia H, Zeng S, Hu Z, Nelken I, Chen X. Primary Auditory Cortex is Required for Anticipatory Motor Response. Cereb Cortex 2017; 27:3254-3271. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Li
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiang Liao
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianxiong Zhang
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Nian Yang
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Guanghui Lv
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Haohong Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ran Ding
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xingyi Li
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yu Guang
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhiqi Yang
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Han Qin
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenjun Jin
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Kuan Zhang
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hongbo Jia
- Brain Research Instrument Innovation Center, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoqun Zeng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Zhian Hu
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Israel Nelken
- Department of Neurobiology, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences and the Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Brain Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Meng X, Kao JPY, Lee HK, Kanold PO. Intracortical Circuits in Thalamorecipient Layers of Auditory Cortex Refine after Visual Deprivation. eNeuro 2017; 4:ENEURO.0092-17.2017. [PMID: 28396883 PMCID: PMC5383732 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0092-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory cortices do not work in isolation. The functional responses of neurons in primary sensory cortices can be affected by activity from other modalities. For example, short-term visual deprivations, or dark exposure (DE), leads to enhanced neuronal responses and frequency selectivity to sounds in layer 4 (L4) of primary auditory cortex (A1). Circuit changes within A1 likely underlie these changes. Prior studies revealed that DE enhanced thalamocortical transmission to L4 in A1. Because the frequency selectivity of L4 neurons is determined by both thalamocortical and intracortical inputs, changes in intralaminar circuits to L4 neurons might also contribute to improved sound responses. We thus investigated in mouse A1 whether intracortical circuits to L4 cells changed after DE. Using in vitro whole-cell patch recordings in thalamocortical slices from mouse auditory cortex, we show that DE can lead to refinement of interlaminar excitatory as well as inhibitory connections from L2/3 to L4 cells, manifested as a weakening of these connections. The circuit refinement is present along the tonotopic axis, indicating reduced integration along the tonotopic axis. Thus, cross-modal influences may alter the spectral and temporal processing of sensory stimuli in multiple cortical layers by refinement of thalamocortical and intracortical circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Meng
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Joseph P. Y. Kao
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, and Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Hey-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
- Department of Neuroscience, Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Patrick O. Kanold
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
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50
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Yamamura D, Sano A, Tateno T. An analysis of current source density profiles activated by local stimulation in the mouse auditory cortex in vitro. Brain Res 2017; 1659:96-112. [PMID: 28119054 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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