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Tkachenko A. Apoptosis and eryptosis: similarities and differences. Apoptosis 2024; 29:482-502. [PMID: 38036865 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01915-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Eryptosis is a regulated cell death (RCD) of mature erythrocytes initially described as a counterpart of apoptosis for enucleated cells. However, over the recent years, a growing number of studies have emphasized certain differences between both cell death modalities. In this review paper, we underline the hallmarks of eryptosis and apoptosis and highlight resemblances and dissimilarities between both RCDs. We summarize and critically discuss differences in the impact of caspase-3, Ca2+ signaling, ROS signaling pathways, opposing roles of casein kinase 1α, protein kinase C, Janus kinase 3, cyclin-dependent kinase 4, and AMP-activated protein kinase to highlight a certain degree of divergence between apoptosis and eryptosis. This review emphasizes the crucial importance of further studies that focus on deepening our knowledge of cell death machinery and identifying novel differences between cell death of nucleated and enucleated cells. This might provide evidence that erythrocytes can be defined as viable entities capable of programmed cell destruction. Additionally, the revealed cell type-specific patterns in cell death can facilitate the development of cell death-modulating therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tkachenko
- 1st Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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2
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Pan M, Hu T, Lyu J, Yin Y, Sun J, Wang Q, Xu L, Hu H, Wang C. CSNK1A1/CK1α suppresses autoimmunity by restraining the CGAS-STING1 signaling. Autophagy 2024; 20:311-328. [PMID: 37723657 PMCID: PMC10813568 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2256135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
STING1 (stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1) is the quintessential protein in the CGAS-STING1 signaling pathway, crucial for the induction of type I IFN (interferon) production and eliciting innate immunity. Nevertheless, the overactivation or sustained activation of STING1 has been closely associated with the onset of autoimmune disorders. Notably, the majority of these disorders manifest as an upregulated expression of type I interferons and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Hence, strict regulation of STING1 activity is paramount to preserve immune homeostasis. Here, we reported that CSNK1A1/CK1α, a serine/threonine protein kinase, was essential to prevent the overactivation of STING1-mediated type I IFN signaling through autophagic degradation of STING1. Mechanistically, CSNK1A1 interacted with STING1 upon the CGAS-STING1 pathway activation and promoted STING1 autophagic degradation by enhancing the phosphorylation of SQSTM1/p62 at serine 351 (serine 349 in human), which was critical for SQSTM1-mediated STING1 autophagic degradation. Consistently, SSTC3, a selective CSNK1A1 agonist, significantly attenuated the response of the CGAS-STING1 signaling by promoting STING1 autophagic degradation. Importantly, pharmacological activation of CSNK1A1 using SSTC3 markedly repressed the systemic autoinflammatory responses in the trex1-/- mouse autoimmune disease model and effectively suppressed the production of IFNs and ISGs in the PBMCs of SLE patients. Taken together, our study reveals a novel regulatory role of CSNK1A1 in the autophagic degradation of STING1 to maintain immune homeostasis. Manipulating CSNK1A1 through SSTC3 might be a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating STING1-mediated aberrant type I IFNs in autoimmune diseases.Abbreviations: BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; cGAMP: cyclic GMP-AMP; CGAS: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; HTDNA: herring testes DNA; IFIT1: interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1; IFNA4: interferon alpha 4; IFNB: interferon beta; IRF3: interferon regulatory factor 3; ISD: interferon stimulatory DNA; ISGs: IFN-stimulated genes; MEFs: mouse embryonic fibroblasts; PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; RSAD2: radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; STING1: stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; TBK1: TANK binding kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tongyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingxiao Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Green JR, Mahalingaiah PKS, Gopalakrishnan SM, Liguori MJ, Mittelstadt SW, Blomme EAG, Van Vleet TR. Off-target pharmacological activity at various kinases: Potential functional and pathological side effects. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 123:107468. [PMID: 37553032 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
In drug discovery, during the lead optimization and candidate characterization stages, novel small molecules are frequently evaluated in a battery of in vitro pharmacology assays to identify potential unintended, off-target interactions with various receptors, transporters, ion channels, and enzymes, including kinases. Furthermore, these screening panels may also provide utility at later stages of development to provide a mechanistic understanding of unexpected safety findings. Here, we present a compendium of the most likely functional and pathological outcomes associated with interaction(s) to a panel of 95 kinases based on an extensive curation of the scientific literature. This panel of kinases was designed by AbbVie based on safety-related data extracted from the literature, as well as from over 20 years of institutional knowledge generated from discovery efforts. For each kinase, the scientific literature was reviewed using online databases and the most often reported functional and pathological effects were summarized. This work should serve as a practical guide for small molecule drug discovery scientists and clinical investigators to predict and/or interpret adverse effects related to pharmacological interactions with these kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon R Green
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States.
| | | | - Sujatha M Gopalakrishnan
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Michael J Liguori
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Scott W Mittelstadt
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Eric A G Blomme
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Terry R Van Vleet
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
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4
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Abstract
Eryptosis is a coordinated non-lytic cell death of erythrocytes characterized by cell shrinkage, cell membrane scrambling, Ca2+ influx, ceramide accumulation, oxidative stress, activation of calpain and caspases. Physiologically, it aims at removing damaged or aged erythrocytes from circulation. A plethora of diseases are associated with enhanced eryptosis, including metabolic diseases, cardiovascular pathology, renal and hepatic diseases, hematological disorders, systemic autoimmune pathology, and cancer. This makes eryptosis and eryptosis-regulating signaling pathways a target for therapeutic interventions. This review highlights the eryptotic signaling machinery containing several protein kinases and its small molecular inhibitors with a special emphasis on casein kinase 1α (CK1α), a serine/threonine protein kinase with a broad spectrum of activity. In this review article, we provide a critical analysis of the regulatory role of CK1α in eryptosis, highlight triggers of CK1α-mediated suicidal death of red blood cells, cover the knowledge gaps in understanding CK1α-driven eryptosis and discover the opportunity of CK1α-targeted pharmacological modulation of eryptosis. Moreover, we discuss the directions of future research focusing on uncovering crosstalks between CK1α and other eryptosis-regulating kinases and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tkachenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - Anatolii Onishchenko
- Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, 4 Nauky ave, 61022, Kharkiv, Ukraine
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Shevtsov M, Kaesler S, Posch C, Multhoff G, Biedermann T. Magnetic nanoparticles in theranostics of malignant melanoma. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:127. [PMID: 34905138 PMCID: PMC8671576 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is an aggressive tumor with a tendency to metastasize early and with an increasing incidence worldwide. Although in early stage, melanoma is well treatable by excision, the chances of cure and thus the survival rate decrease dramatically after metastatic spread. Conventional treatment options for advanced disease include surgical resection of metastases, chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Today, targeted kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockers have for the most part replaced less effective chemotherapies. Magnetic nanoparticles as novel agents for theranostic purposes have great potential in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. In the present review, we provide a brief overview of treatment options for malignant melanoma with different magnetic nanocarriers for theranostics. We also discuss current efforts of designing magnetic particles for combined, multimodal therapies (e.g., chemotherapy, immunotherapy) for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Shevtsov
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich (TUM), Einstein Str. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Laboratory of Biomedical Cell Technologies, Far Eastern Federal University, Primorsky Krai, 690091, Vladivostok, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197341
| | - Susanne Kaesler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich (TUM), Biedersteinerstrasse 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Posch
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich (TUM), Biedersteinerstrasse 29, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Radiation Immuno-Oncology Group, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich (TUM), Einstein Str. 25, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich (TUM), Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich (TUM), Biedersteinerstrasse 29, 80802, Munich, Germany.
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6
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Traub B, Roth A, Kornmann M, Knippschild U, Bischof J. Stress-activated kinases as therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:4963-4984. [PMID: 34497429 PMCID: PMC8384741 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i30.4963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a dismal disease with high incidence and poor survival rates. With the aim to improve overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients, new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Protein kinases are key regulatory players in basically all stages of development, maintaining physiologic functions but also being involved in pathogenic processes. c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38 kinases, representatives of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, as well as the casein kinase 1 (CK1) family of protein kinases are important mediators of adequate response to cellular stress following inflammatory and metabolic stressors, DNA damage, and others. In their physiologic roles, they are responsible for the regulation of cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and differentiation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of the underlying pathways consequently has been identified in various cancer types, including pancreatic cancer. Pharmacological targeting of those pathways has been the field of interest for several years. While success in earlier studies was limited due to lacking specificity and off-target effects, more recent improvements in small molecule inhibitor design against stress-activated protein kinases and their use in combination therapies have shown promising in vitro results. Consequently, targeting of JNK, p38, and CK1 protein kinase family members may actually be of particular interest in the field of precision medicine in patients with highly deregulated kinase pathways related to these kinases. However, further studies are warranted, especially involving in vivo investigation and clinical trials, in order to advance inhibition of stress-activated kinases to the field of translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benno Traub
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Aileen Roth
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Marko Kornmann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Joachim Bischof
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm 89081, Germany
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Liu G, Li H, Zhang W, Yu J, Zhang X, Wu R, Niu M, Liu X, Yu R. Csnk1a1 inhibition modulates the inflammatory secretome and enhances response to radiotherapy in glioma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7395-7406. [PMID: 34216174 PMCID: PMC8335695 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a fatal brain tumour with no available targeted therapies, has a poor prognosis. At present, radiotherapy is one of the main methods to treat glioma, but it leads to an obvious increase in inflammatory factors in the tumour microenvironment, especially IL-6 and CXCL1, which plays a role in tumour to resistance radiotherapy and tumorigenesis. Casein kinase 1 alpha 1 (CK1α) (encoded on chromosome 5q by Csnk1a1) is considered an attractive target for Tp53 wild-type acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) treatment. In this study, we evaluated the anti-tumour effect of Csnk1a1 suppression in GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. We found that down-regulation of Csnk1a1 or inhibition by D4476, a Csnk1a1 inhibitor, reduced GBM cell proliferation efficiently in both Tp53 wild-type and Tp53-mutant GBM cells. On the contrary, overexpression of Csnk1a1 promoted cell proliferation and colony formation. Csnk1a1 inhibition improved the sensitivity to radiotherapy. Furthermore, down-regulation of Csnk1a1 reduced the production and secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. In the preclinical GBM model, treatment with D4476 significantly inhibited the increase in pro-inflammatory factors caused by radiotherapy and improved radiotherapy sensitivity, thus inhibiting tumour growth and prolonging animal survival time. These results suggest targeting Csnk1a1 exert an anti-tumour role as an inhibitor of inflammatory factors, providing a new strategy for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzheng Liu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wanhong Zhang
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kaifeng Central hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiefeng Yu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Runqiu Wu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Li SS, Dong YH, Liu ZP. Recent Advances in the Development of Casein Kinase 1 Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1585-1604. [PMID: 32660395 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200713185413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The casein kinase 1 (CK1) family is involved in regulating many cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, DNA damage repair, cytoskeleton dynamics, cytoskeleton maintenance and apoptosis. CK1 isoforms, especially CK1δ and CK1ε have emerged as important therapeutic targets for severe disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), familial advanced sleep phase syndrome and cancer. Due to the importance of CK1 for the pathogenesis of disorders, there are great interests in the development of CK1 inhibitors. METHODS Using SciFinder® as a tool, the publications about the biology of CK1 and the recent developments of CK1 inhibitors were surveyed with an exclusion of those published as patents. RESULTS This review presents the current state of knowledge on the development of CK1 inhibitors, including both synthetic small molecular inhibitors that were divided into 7 categories according to structural features, and the natural compounds. An overview of the advancement of CK1 inhibitors was given, with the introduction of various existing CK1 inhibitors, their inhibitory activities, and the structure-activity relationships. CONCLUSION Through physicochemical characterization and biological investigations, it is possible to understand the structure-activity relationship of CK1 inhibitors, which will contribute to better design and discovery of potent and selective CK1 inhibitors as potential agents for severe disorders such as AD, ALS and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yue-Hui Dong
- Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Zhao-Peng Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Sarma A, Gajan A, Kim S, Gurdziel K, Mao G, Nangia-Makker P, Shekhar MPV. RAD6B Loss Disrupts Expression of Melanoma Phenotype in Part by Inhibiting WNT/β-Catenin Signaling. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 191:368-384. [PMID: 33181138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling is critical for melanocyte lineage commitment and melanoma development. RAD6B, a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme critical for translesion DNA synthesis, potentiates β-catenin stability/activity by inducing proteasome-insensitive polyubiquitination. RAD6B expression is induced by β-catenin, triggering a positive feedback loop between the two proteins. RAD6B function in melanoma development/progression was investigated by targeting RAD6B using CrispR/Cas9 or an RAD6-selective small-molecule inhibitor #9 (SMI#9). SMI#9 treatment inhibited melanoma cell proliferation but not normal melanocytes. RAD6B knockout or inhibition in metastatic melanoma cells downregulated β-catenin, β-catenin-regulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), sex-determining region Y-box 10, vimentin proteins, and MITF-regulated melan A. RAD6B knockout or inhibition decreased migration/invasion, tumor growth, and lung metastasis. RNA-sequencing and stem cell pathway real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed profound reductions in WNT1 expressions in RAD6B knockout M14 cells compared with control. Expression levels of β-catenin-regulated genes VIM, MITF-M, melan A, and TYRP1 (a tyrosinase family member critical for melanin biosynthesis) were reduced in RAD6B knockout cells. Pathway analysis identified gene networks regulating stem cell pluripotency, Wnt signaling, melanocyte development, pigmentation signaling, and protein ubiquitination, besides DNA damage response signaling, as being impacted by RAD6B gene disruption. These data reveal an important and early role for RAD6B in melanoma development besides its bonafide translesion DNA synthesis function, and suggest that targeting RAD6B may provide a novel strategy to treat melanomas with dysregulated canonical Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashapurna Sarma
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Ambikai Gajan
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Seongho Kim
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Guangzhao Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Pratima Nangia-Makker
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Malathy P V Shekhar
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
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Casein Kinase 1α as a Regulator of Wnt-Driven Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165940. [PMID: 32824859 PMCID: PMC7460588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling regulates numerous cellular processes during embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Underscoring this physiological importance, deregulation of the Wnt signaling pathway is associated with many disease states, including cancer. Here, we review pivotal regulatory events in the Wnt signaling pathway that drive cancer growth. We then discuss the roles of the established negative Wnt regulator, casein kinase 1α (CK1α), in Wnt signaling. Although the study of CK1α has been ongoing for several decades, the bulk of such research has focused on how it phosphorylates and regulates its various substrates. We focus here on what is known about the mechanisms controlling CK1α, including its putative regulatory proteins and alternative splicing variants. Finally, we describe the discovery and validation of a family of pharmacological CK1α activators capable of inhibiting Wnt pathway activity. One of the important advantages of CK1α activators, relative to other classes of Wnt inhibitors, is their reduced on-target toxicity, overcoming one of the major impediments to developing a clinically relevant Wnt inhibitor. Therefore, we also discuss mechanisms that regulate CK1α steady-state homeostasis, which may contribute to the deregulation of Wnt pathway activity in cancer and underlie the enhanced therapeutic index of CK1α activators.
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Huang Q, Chen L, Schonbrunn E, Chen J. MDMX inhibits casein kinase 1α activity and stimulates Wnt signaling. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104410. [PMID: 32511789 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 1 alpha (CK1α) is a serine/threonine kinase with numerous functions, including regulating the Wnt/β-catenin and p53 pathways. CK1α has a well-established role in inhibiting the p53 tumor suppressor by binding to MDMX and stimulating MDMX-p53 interaction. MDMX purified from cells contains near-stoichiometric amounts of CK1α, suggesting that MDMX may in turn regulate CK1α function. We present evidence that MDMX is a potent competitive inhibitor of CK1α kinase activity (Ki = 8 nM). Depletion of MDMX increases CK1α activity and β-catenin S45 phosphorylation, whereas ectopic MDMX expression inhibits CK1α activity and β-catenin phosphorylation. The MDMX acidic domain and zinc finger are necessary and sufficient for binding and inhibition of CK1α. P53 binding to MDMX disrupts an intramolecular auto-regulatory interaction and enhances its ability to inhibit CK1α. P53-null mice expressing the MDMXW 200S/W201G mutant, defective in CK1α binding, exhibit reduced Wnt/β-catenin target gene expression and delayed tumor development. Therefore, MDMX is a physiological inhibitor of CK1α and has a role in modulating cellular response to Wnt signaling. The MDMX-CK1α interaction may account for certain p53-independent functions of MDMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Huang
- Molecular Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lihong Chen
- Molecular Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ernst Schonbrunn
- Drug Discovery Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jiandong Chen
- Molecular Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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12
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Xiao Y, Luo H, Yang WZ, Zeng Y, Shen Y, Ni X, Shi Z, Zhong J, Liang Z, Fu X, Tu H, Sun W, Shen WL, Hu J, Yang J. A Brain Signaling Framework for Stress-Induced Depression and Ketamine Treatment Elucidated by Phosphoproteomics. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:48. [PMID: 32317933 PMCID: PMC7156020 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common affective disorder characterized by significant and persistent low mood. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, is reported to have a rapid and durable antidepressant effect, but the mechanisms are unclear. Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification that plays a crucial role in cell signaling. Thus, we present a phosphoproteomics approach to investigate the mechanisms underlying stress-induced depression and the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine in mice. We analyzed the phosphoprotein changes induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and ketamine treatment in two known mood control centers, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc). We initially obtained >8,000 phosphorylation sites. Quantitation revealed 3,988 sites from the mPFC and 3,196 sites from the NAc. Further analysis revealed that changes in synaptic transmission-related signaling are a common feature. Notably, CUMS-induced changes were reversed by ketamine treatment, as shown by the analysis of commonly altered sites. Ketamine also induced specific changes, such as alterations in synapse organization, synaptic transmission, and enzyme binding. Collectively, our findings establish a signaling framework for stress-induced depression and the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Huoqing Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Z Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies & School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeting Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinbo Shen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyan Ni
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaomei Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhong
- Delta Omics Inc., Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ziqi Liang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqing Tu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Sun
- Chinese Institute For Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Wei L Shen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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13
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Venkat S, Tisdale AA, Schwarz JR, Alahmari AA, Maurer HC, Olive KP, Eng KH, Feigin ME. Alternative polyadenylation drives oncogenic gene expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Genome Res 2020; 30:347-360. [PMID: 32029502 PMCID: PMC7111527 DOI: 10.1101/gr.257550.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a gene regulatory process that dictates mRNA 3'-UTR length, resulting in changes in mRNA stability and localization. APA is frequently disrupted in cancer and promotes tumorigenesis through altered expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Pan-cancer analyses have revealed common APA events across the tumor landscape; however, little is known about tumor type-specific alterations that may uncover novel events and vulnerabilities. Here, we integrate RNA-sequencing data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to comprehensively analyze APA events in 148 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs). We report widespread, recurrent, and functionally relevant 3'-UTR alterations associated with gene expression changes of known and newly identified PDAC growth-promoting genes and experimentally validate the effects of these APA events on protein expression. We find enrichment for APA events in genes associated with known PDAC pathways, loss of tumor-suppressive miRNA binding sites, and increased heterogeneity in 3'-UTR forms of metabolic genes. Survival analyses reveal a subset of 3'-UTR alterations that independently characterize a poor prognostic cohort among PDAC patients. Finally, we identify and validate the casein kinase CSNK1A1 (also known as CK1alpha or CK1a) as an APA-regulated therapeutic target in PDAC. Knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of CSNK1A1 attenuates PDAC cell proliferation and clonogenic growth. Our single-cancer analysis reveals APA as an underappreciated driver of protumorigenic gene expression in PDAC via the loss of miRNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Venkat
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Arwen A Tisdale
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Johann R Schwarz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Abdulrahman A Alahmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - H Carlo Maurer
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Kenneth P Olive
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Kevin H Eng
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Michael E Feigin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
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14
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Targeting the CK1α/CBX4 axis for metastasis in osteosarcoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1141. [PMID: 32111827 PMCID: PMC7048933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, an aggressive malignant cancer, has a high lung metastasis rate and lacks therapeutic target. Here, we reported that chromobox homolog 4 (CBX4) was overexpressed in osteosarcoma cell lines and tissues. CBX4 promoted metastasis by transcriptionally up-regulating Runx2 via the recruitment of GCN5 to the Runx2 promoter. The phosphorylation of CBX4 at T437 by casein kinase 1α (CK1α) facilitated its ubiquitination at both K178 and K280 and subsequent degradation by CHIP, and this phosphorylation of CBX4 could be reduced by TNFα. Consistently, CK1α suppressed cell migration and invasion through inhibition of CBX4. There was a reverse correlation between CK1α and CBX4 in osteosarcoma tissues, and CK1α was a valuable marker to predict clinical outcomes in osteosarcoma patients with metastasis. Pyrvinium pamoate (PP) as a selective activator of CK1α could inhibit osteosarcoma metastasis via the CK1α/CBX4 axis. Our findings indicate that targeting the CK1α/CBX4 axis may benefit osteosarcoma patients with metastasis. Osteosarcoma is an aggressive tumour and little is known the mechanisms underpinning its highly metastatic nature. Here, the authors highlight a role for the CK1α/CBX4 axis in driving metastasis, suggesting that this pathway might be targeted for therapeutic benefit.
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15
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16
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Tumor-derived CK1α mutations enhance MDMX inhibition of p53. Oncogene 2019; 39:176-186. [PMID: 31462704 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Somatic missense mutations of the CSNK1A1 gene encoding casein kinase 1 alpha (CK1α) occur in a subset of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with del(5q) karyotype. The chromosomal deletion causes CSNK1A1 haplo-insufficiency. CK1α mutations have also been observed in a variety of solid and hematopoietic tumors at low frequency. The functional consequence of CK1α mutation remains unknown. Here we show that tumor-associated CK1α mutations exclusively localize to the substrate-binding cleft. Functional analysis of recurrent mutants E98K and D140A revealed enhanced binding to the p53 inhibitor MDMX, increased ability to stimulate MDMX-p53 binding, and increased suppression of p21 expression. Furthermore, E98K and D140A mutants have reduced ability to promote phosphorylation of β-catenin, resulting in enhanced Wnt signaling. The results suggest that the CK1α mutations observed in tumors cause gain-of-function in cooperating with MDMX and inhibiting p53, and partial loss-of-function in suppressing Wnt signaling. These functional changes may promote expansion of abnormal myeloid progenitors in del(5q) MDS, and in rare cases drive the progression of other tumors.
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17
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Cao Y, Zheng J, Lv C. Retracted Article: miR-199a-3p knockdown inhibits dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) cell viability and enhances apoptosis through targeting casein kinase-1 alpha (CK1α). RSC Adv 2019; 9:22755-22763. [PMID: 35519458 PMCID: PMC9067024 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01491h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is an aggressive tumor with high mortality. More insight into the biology of DDLPS tumorigenesis is needed to devise novel therapeutic approaches. Previous data showed that miRNA-199a-3p (miR-199a-3p) was strongly upregulated in DDLPS tissues. However, the biological role of miR-199a-3p in DDLPS remains unknown. In this study, we detected miR-199a-3p expression using RT-qPCR and observed that miR-199a-3p was more highly expressed in DDLPS tissues and cell lines (SW872 and LPS141). Functionally, MTT assay, flow cytometry and western blot results demonstrated that knockdown of miR-199a-3p inhibited DDLPS cell viability, enhanced apoptosis rate, and decreased expression of apoptosis-related genes Bax and cleaved caspase 3, as well as increased Bcl-2 expression in vitro. Moreover, xenograft tumors were generated and miR-199a-3p knockdown could suppress DDLPS xenograft tumor growth accompanying decreased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) level and increased cleaved caspase 3 level in vivo. Mechanically, luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) identified that CK1α was targeted and downregulated by miR-199a-3p. Expression of CK1α was lower in DDLPS tissues. Besides, there was a negative linear correlation between expressions of miR-199a-3p and CK1α in DDLPS tissues. Rescue experiments indicated that CK1α silencing could abolish the effect of miR-199a-3p knockdown on cell viability and apoptosis in DDLPS cells in vitro. In conclusion, knockdown of miR-199a-3p inhibits DDLPS cell viability and enhances apoptosis through targeting CK1α in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest miR-199a-3p/CK1α axis may be a novel pathogen of DDLPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center No. 921 Rd. Tongxin, Hongkou 200083 Shanghai China +86-13651613217
| | - Jiajia Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital & Red Cross Hospital Xuhui 200030 Shanghai China
| | - Chentao Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center No. 921 Rd. Tongxin, Hongkou 200083 Shanghai China +86-13651613217
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18
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Peng L, Huang YT, Zhang F, Chen JY, Huo X. Chronic cadmium exposure aggravates malignant phenotypes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via hypermethylation of the casein kinase 1α promoter. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 11:81-93. [PMID: 30588112 PMCID: PMC6304082 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s171200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study has shown that cadmium (Cd) exposure is not only a risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but also correlated with the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. However, the underlying molecular events of Cd involved in NPC progression remain to be elucidated. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to decipher how Cd impacts the malignant phenotypes of NPC cells. METHODS NPC cell lines CNE-1 and CNE-2 were continuously exposed with 1 μM Cd chloride for 10 weeks, designating as chronic Cd treated NPC cells (CCT-NPC). MTT assay, colony formation assay and xenograft tumor growth were used to assess cell viability in vitro and in vivo. Transwell assays were performed to detect cell invasion and migration. The protein levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin as well as β-catenin and casein kinase 1α(CK1α) were measured by Western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the distribution of filament actin (F-actin), β-catenin and CK1α. The mRNA levels of downstream target genes of β-catenin were detected by RT-PCR. Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity was assessed by TOPFlash/FOPFlash dual luciferase report system. MS-PCR was used to detect the methylation status of CK1α. Finally, the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and cell biological properties were examined following treatment of CCT-NPC cells with 5-aza-2-deoxy-cytidine(5-aza-CdR). RESULTS CCT-NPC cells showed an increase in cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration compared to the parental cells. Cd also induced cytoskeleton reorganization and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Upregulation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin and increased luciferase activity accompanied with transcription of downstream target genes were found in CCT-NPC cells. Treatment of CCT-CNE1 cells with 5-aza-CdR could reverse the hypermethylation of CK1α and attenuate the cell malignancy. CONCLUSION These results support a role for chronic Cd exposure as a driving force for the malignant progression of NPC via epigenetic activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Peng
- Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Teng Huang
- Health Care Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Oncological Research Lab, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jiong-Yu Chen
- Oncological Research Lab, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangzhou and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China,
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19
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Silencing of casein kinase 1 delta reduces migration and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30821-30836. [PMID: 30112110 PMCID: PMC6089398 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The casein kinase 1 delta (CSNK1D) is a conserved serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates diverse cellular processes including cell cycle progression, circadian rhythm, and neurite outgrowth. Aberrant expression of CSNK1D is described in several cancer types including breast cancer, where it is amplified in about 30% of triple negative breast (TNBC). Here, we have investigated the function of CSNK1D in triple negative cancer cell migration and metastasis. By using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we found that CNSK1D is highly expressed in primary tumor cells and in tumor cells invading lymphatic nodes compared to non-metastatic tumors. In vitro, knock-down of CSNK1D expression with specific shRNAs in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 markedly inhibited cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration and affected the expression of the tight junction proteins claudin 1, occludin and the junction adhesion molecule A. In vivo, the inactivation of CSNK1D reduced lung metastasis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenografts. Altogether, our results indicate that the downregulation of CSNK1D expression inhibits the proliferation and reduces the migration and the metastasis of breast cancer cells. As numerous inhibitors of CSNK1D are currently under development, this might represent an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of TNBC.
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20
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Jiang S, Zhang M, Sun J, Yang X. Casein kinase 1α: biological mechanisms and theranostic potential. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:23. [PMID: 29793495 PMCID: PMC5968562 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 1α (CK1α) is a multifunctional protein belonging to the CK1 protein family that is conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to humans. It regulates signaling pathways related to membrane trafficking, cell cycle progression, chromosome segregation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell metabolism, and differentiation in development, circadian rhythm, and the immune response as well as neurodegeneration and cancer. Given its involvement in diverse cellular, physiological, and pathological processes, CK1α is a promising therapeutic target. In this review, we summarize what is known of the biological functions of CK1α, and provide an overview of existing challenges and potential opportunities for advancing theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jihong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China. .,Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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21
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Cai J, Li R, Xu X, Zhang L, Lian R, Fang L, Huang Y, Feng X, Liu X, Li X, Zhu X, Zhang H, Wu J, Zeng M, Song E, He Y, Yin Y, Li J, Li M. CK1α suppresses lung tumour growth by stabilizing PTEN and inducing autophagy. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:465-478. [PMID: 29593330 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of autophagy to cancer development remains controversial, largely owing to the fact that autophagy can be tumour suppressive or oncogenic in different biological contexts. Here, we show that in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), casein kinase 1 alpha 1 (CK1α) suppresses tumour growth by functioning as an autophagy inducer to activate an autophagy-regulating, tumour-suppressive PTEN/AKT/FOXO3a/Atg7 axis. Specifically, CK1α bound the C-terminal tail of PTEN and enhanced both PTEN stability and activity by competitively antagonizing NEDD4-1-induced PTEN polyubiquitination and abrogating PTEN phosphorylation, thereby inhibiting AKT activity and activating FOXO3a-induced transcription of Atg7. Notably, blocking CK1α-induced Atg7-dependent autophagy cooperates with oncogenic HRasV12 to initiate tumorigenesis of lung epithelial cells. An association of a CK1α-modulated autophagic program with the anti-neoplastic activities of the CK1α/PTEN/FOXO3a/Atg7 axis was demonstrated in xenografted tumour models and human NSCLC specimens. This provides insights into the biological and potentially clinical significance of autophagy in NSCLC.
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MESH Headings
- A549 Cells
- Animals
- Autophagy
- Autophagy-Related Protein 7/genetics
- Autophagy-Related Protein 7/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Casein Kinase Ialpha/genetics
- Casein Kinase Ialpha/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Enzyme Stability
- Female
- Forkhead Box Protein O3/genetics
- Forkhead Box Protein O3/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, ras
- HCT116 Cells
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/enzymology
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases/metabolism
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Tumor Burden
- Ubiquitination
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Cai
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaonan Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Lian
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lishan Fang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongbo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianming Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ximeng Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jueheng Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Musheng Zeng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Erwei Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yukai He
- Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengfeng Li
- Department of Microbiology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
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22
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Sinnberg T, Levesque MP, Krochmann J, Cheng PF, Ikenberg K, Meraz-Torres F, Niessner H, Garbe C, Busch C. Wnt-signaling enhances neural crest migration of melanoma cells and induces an invasive phenotype. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:59. [PMID: 29454361 PMCID: PMC5816360 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0773-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During embryonic development Wnt family members and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) cooperatively induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the neural crest. Wnt and BMPs are reactivated during malignant transformation in melanoma. We previously demonstrated that the BMP-antagonist noggin blocked the EMT phenotype of melanoma cells in the neural crest and malignant invasion of melanoma cells in the chick embryo; vice-versa, malignant invasion was induced in human melanocytes in vivo by pre-treatment with BMP-2. Results Although there are conflicting results in the literature about the role of β-catenin for invasion of melanoma cells, we found Wnt/β-catenin signaling to be analogously important for the EMT-like phenotype of human metastatic melanoma cells in the neural crest and during invasion: β-catenin was frequently expressed at the invasive front of human primary melanomas and Wnt3a expression was inversely correlated with survival of melanoma patients. Accordingly, cytoplasmic β-catenin levels were increased during invasion of melanoma cells in the rhombencephalon of the chick embryo. Fibroblast derived Wnt3a reduced melanoma cell adhesion and enhanced migration, while the β-catenin inhibitor PKF115–584 increased adhesion and reduced migration in vitro and in the chick embryonic neural crest environment in vivo. Similarly, knockdown of β-catenin impaired intradermal melanoma cell invasion and PKF115–584 efficiently reduced liver metastasis in a chick chorioallantoic membrane model. Our observations were accompanied by specific alterations in gene expression which are linked to overall survival of melanoma patients. Conclusion We present a novel role for Wnt-signaling in neural crest like melanoma cell invasion and metastasis, stressing the crucial role of embryonic EMT-inducing neural crest signaling for the spreading of malignant melanoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-018-0773-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Sinnberg
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr.25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, Universitaets Spital Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jelena Krochmann
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr.25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Phil F Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Universitaets Spital Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kristian Ikenberg
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Francisco Meraz-Torres
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr.25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr.25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr.25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Busch
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr.25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,Dermateam, Bankstrasse 4, 8400, Winterthur, Switzerland.
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Li B, Orton D, Neitzel LR, Astudillo L, Shen C, Long J, Chen X, Kirkbride KC, Doundoulakis T, Guerra ML, Zaias J, Fei DL, Rodriguez-Blanco J, Thorne C, Wang Z, Jin K, Nguyen DM, Sands LR, Marchetti F, Abreu MT, Cobb MH, Capobianco AJ, Lee E, Robbins DJ. Differential abundance of CK1α provides selectivity for pharmacological CK1α activators to target WNT-dependent tumors. Sci Signal 2017; 10:eaak9916. [PMID: 28655862 PMCID: PMC5555225 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aak9916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Constitutive WNT activity drives the growth of various human tumors, including nearly all colorectal cancers (CRCs). Despite this prominence in cancer, no WNT inhibitor is currently approved for use in the clinic largely due to the small number of druggable signaling components in the WNT pathway and the substantial toxicity to normal gastrointestinal tissue. We have shown that pyrvinium, which activates casein kinase 1α (CK1α), is a potent inhibitor of WNT signaling. However, its poor bioavailability limited the ability to test this first-in-class WNT inhibitor in vivo. We characterized a novel small-molecule CK1α activator called SSTC3, which has better pharmacokinetic properties than pyrvinium, and found that it inhibited the growth of CRC xenografts in mice. SSTC3 also attenuated the growth of a patient-derived metastatic CRC xenograft, for which few therapies exist. SSTC3 exhibited minimal gastrointestinal toxicity compared to other classes of WNT inhibitors. Consistent with this observation, we showed that the abundance of the SSTC3 target, CK1α, was decreased in WNT-driven tumors relative to normal gastrointestinal tissue, and knocking down CK1α increased cellular sensitivity to SSTC3. Thus, we propose that distinct CK1α abundance provides an enhanced therapeutic index for pharmacological CK1α activators to target WNT-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Darren Orton
- StemSynergy Therapeutics Inc., Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Leif R Neitzel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Luisana Astudillo
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Chen Shen
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jun Long
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | | | | | | | - Julia Zaias
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dennis Liang Fei
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jezabel Rodriguez-Blanco
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Curtis Thorne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ke Jin
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dao M Nguyen
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Laurence R Sands
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Floriano Marchetti
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Maria T Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Melanie H Cobb
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Anthony J Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ethan Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - David J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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24
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Momtazi-borojeni AA, Abdollahi E, Ghasemi F, Caraglia M, Sahebkar A. The novel role of pyrvinium in cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2871-2881. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir A. Momtazi-borojeni
- Nanotechnology Research Center; Bu-Ali Research Institute; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Medical Biotechnology; Student Research Committee; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Elham Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Immunology; School of Medicine; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
- Student Research Committee; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Faculty of Medicine; Department of Medical Biotechnology; Arak University of Medical Sciences; Arak Iran
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry; Biophysics and General Pathology; University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”; Via L. De Crecchio; Naples Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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25
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Federico A, Dallio M, Loguercio C. Silymarin/Silybin and Chronic Liver Disease: A Marriage of Many Years. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020191. [PMID: 28125040 PMCID: PMC6155865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Silymarin is the extract of Silybum marianum, or milk thistle, and its major active compound is silybin, which has a remarkable biological effect. It is used in different liver disorders, particularly chronic liver diseases, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic power. Indeed, the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of silymarin is oriented towards the reduction of virus-related liver damages through inflammatory cascade softening and immune system modulation. It also has a direct antiviral effect associated with its intravenous administration in hepatitis C virus infection. With respect to alcohol abuse, silymarin is able to increase cellular vitality and to reduce both lipid peroxidation and cellular necrosis. Furthermore, silymarin/silybin use has important biological effects in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. These substances antagonize the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, by intervening in various therapeutic targets: oxidative stress, insulin resistance, liver fat accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Silymarin is also used in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma that represent common end stages of different hepatopathies by modulating different molecular patterns. Therefore, the aim of this review is to examine scientific studies concerning the effects derived from silymarin/silybin use in chronic liver diseases, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Federico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marcello Dallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carmelina Loguercio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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26
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The interplay between HPIP and casein kinase 1α promotes renal cell carcinoma growth and metastasis via activation of mTOR pathway. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e260. [PMID: 27694835 PMCID: PMC5117846 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic pre-B cell leukemia transcription factor (PBX)-interacting protein (HPIP) was shown to be crucial during the development and progression of a variety of tumors. However, the role of HPIP in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unknown. Here we report that HPIP is upregulated in most RCC patients, positively correlates with tumor size, high Fuhrman grade and preoperative metastasis, and predicts poor clinical outcomes. Mechanistically, we identified casein kinase 1α (CK1α), a critical regulator of tumorigenesis and metastasis, as a novel HPIP-interacting protein. HPIP facilitates RCC cell growth, migration, invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition depending on its interaction with CK1α. Activation of mammalian target of rapamycin pathways by HPIP is partly dependent on CK1α and is required for HPIP modulation of RCC cell proliferation and migration. HPIP knockdown suppresses renal tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice through CK1α. Moreover, expression of CK1α is positively correlated with HPIP in RCC samples, and also predicts poor clinical outcome-like expression of HPIP. Taken together, our data demonstrate the critical regulatory role of the HPIP–CK1α interaction in RCC, and suggest that HPIP and CK1α may be potential targets for RCC therapy.
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27
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Yin X, Yu XW, Zhu P, Zhang YM, Zhang XH, Wang F, Zhang JJ, Yan W, Xi Y, Wan JB, Kang JX, Zou ZQ, Bu SZ. Endogenously synthesized n-3 fatty acids in fat-1 transgenic mice prevent melanoma progression by increasing E-cadherin expression and inhibiting β-catenin signaling. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3476-84. [PMID: 27573698 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer. Although preclinical studies have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are beneficial for prevention of melanoma, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of n‑3 PUFAs on melanoma remain largely unknown. In the present study, endogenously increased levels of n-3 PUFAs in the tumor tissues of omega‑3 fatty acid desaturase (fat‑1) transgenic mice was associated with a reduction in the growth rate of melanoma xenografts. This reduction in tumor growth in fat‑1 mice compared with wild‑type controls may have been associated, in part, to the: i) Increased expression of E‑cadherin and the reduced expression of its transcriptional repressors, the zinc finger E‑box binding homeobox 1 and snail family transcriptional repressor 1; ii) significant repression of the epidermal growth factor receptor/Akt/β‑catenin signaling pathway; and iii) formation of significant levels of n‑3 PUFA‑derived lipid mediators, particularly resolvin D2 and E1, maresin 1 and 15‑hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid. In addition, vitamin E administration counteracted n‑3 PUFA‑induced lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antitumor effect of n‑3 PUFAs, which suggests that the protective role of n‑3 PUFAs against melanoma is not mediated by n‑3 PUFAs‑induced lipid peroxidation. These results highlight a potential role of n‑3 PUFAs supplementation for the chemoprevention of melanoma in high‑risk individuals, and as a putative adjuvant agent in the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yin
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Xiong-Wei Yu
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Pan Zhu
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Ming Zhang
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Jie Zhang
- Maritime Faculty, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Wang Yan
- Neurosurgery Department, Second Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xi
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR 519000, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Xuan Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Zu-Quan Zou
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Zhong Bu
- Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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28
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Sinnberg T, Wang J, Sauer B, Schittek B. Casein kinase 1α has a non-redundant and dominant role within the CK1 family in melanoma progression. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:594. [PMID: 27488834 PMCID: PMC4973074 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We previously identified CK1α as a novel tumor suppressor in melanoma and reported that the loss of CK1α leads to increased proliferation and invasive growth of melanoma cells by strong activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods In this study we analyzed expression and the functional effects of the dominantly expressed CK1- isoforms α, δ and ε in melanoma cells by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. We down-regulated CK1 kinase activity with isoform specific siRNAs and small molecule inhibitors. Vice versa we overexpressed the CK1 isoforms α, δ and ε using viral vectors and tested the biological effects on melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Results We show that protein expression of all three CK1-isoforms is downregulated in metastatic melanoma cells compared to benign melanocytic cells. Furthermore, the CK1δ and ε isoforms are able to negatively regulate expression of each other, whereas CK1α expression is independently regulated in melanoma cells. Inhibition of the expression and activity of CK1δ or CK1ε by specific inhibitors or siRNAs had no significant effect on the growth and survival of metastatic melanoma cells. Moreover, the over-expression of CK1δ or CK1ε in melanoma cells failed to induce cell death and cell cycle arrest although p53 signaling was activated. This is in contrast to the effects of CK1α where up-regulated expression induces cell death and apoptosis in metastatic melanoma cells. Conclusion These data indicate that CK1α has a dominant and non-redundant function in melanoma cells and that the CK1δ and ε isoforms are not substantially involved in melanoma progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2643-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Sinnberg
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr 25, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr 25, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr 25, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Dermatooncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Liebermeisterstr 25, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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29
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Naspi A, Zingariello M, Sancillo L, Panasiti V, Polinari D, Martella M, Rosa Alba R, Londei P. IGFBP-3 inhibits Wnt signaling in metastatic melanoma cells. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:681-693. [PMID: 27377812 PMCID: PMC5213668 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In previous works, we have shown that insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein‐3 (IGFBP‐3), a tissue and circulating protein able to bind to IGFs, decreases drastically in the blood serum of patients with diffuse metastatic melanoma. In agreement with the clinical data, recombinant IGFBP‐3 was found to inhibit the motility and invasiveness of cultured metastatic melanoma cells and to prevent growth of grafted melanomas in mice. The present work was aimed at identifying the signal transduction pathways underlying the anti‐tumoral effects of IGFBP‐3. We show that the anti‐tumoral effect of IGFBP‐3 is due to inhibition of the Wnt pathway and depends upon the presence of CD44, a receptor protein known to modulate Wnt signaling. Once it has entered the cell, IGFBP‐3 binds the Wnt signalosome interacting specifically with its component GSK‐3β. As a consequence, the β‐catenin destruction complex dissociates from the LRP6 Wnt receptor and GSK‐3β is activated through dephosphorylation, becoming free to target cytoplasmic β‐catenin which is degraded by the proteasomal pathway. Altogether, the results suggest that IGFBP‐3 is a novel and effective inhibitor of Wnt signaling. As IGFBP‐3 is a physiological protein which has no detectable toxic effects either on cultured cells or live mice, it might qualify as an interesting new therapeutic agent in melanoma, and potentially many other cancers with a hyperactive Wnt signaling. © 2016 The Authors. Molecular Carcinogenesis Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Naspi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Zingariello
- Laboratory of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, School of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Sancillo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Panasiti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dorina Polinari
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Martella
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rana Rosa Alba
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Londei
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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30
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Wang J, Sinnberg T, Niessner H, Dölker R, Sauer B, Kempf WE, Meier F, Leslie N, Schittek B. PTEN regulates IGF-1R-mediated therapy resistance in melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2016; 28:572-89. [PMID: 26112748 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a major advance in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. However, its therapeutic success is limited by the rapid emergence of drug resistance. The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is overexpressed in melanomas developing resistance toward the BRAF(V) (600) inhibitor vemurafenib. Here, we show that hyperactivation of BRAF enhances IGF-1R expression. In addition, the phosphatase activity of PTEN as well as heterocellular contact to stromal cells increases IGF-1R expression in melanoma cells and enhances resistance to vemurafenib. Interestingly, PTEN-negative melanoma cells escape IGF-1R blockade by decreased expression of the receptor, implicating that only in melanoma patients with PTEN-positive tumors treatment with IGF-1R inhibitors would be a suitable strategy to combat therapy resistance. Our data emphasize the crosstalk and therapeutic relevance of microenvironmental and tumor cell-autonomous mechanisms in regulating IGF-1R expression and by this sensitivity toward targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Sinnberg
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Niessner
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Dölker
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Sauer
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Kempf
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Friedegund Meier
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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31
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A Nexus Consisting of Beta-Catenin and Stat3 Attenuates BRAF Inhibitor Efficacy and Mediates Acquired Resistance to Vemurafenib. EBioMedicine 2016; 8:132-149. [PMID: 27428425 PMCID: PMC4919613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to second generation BRAF inhibitors (BRAFis), like vemurafenib is limiting the benefits of long term targeted therapy for patients with malignant melanomas that harbor BRAF V600 mutations. Since many resistance mechanisms have been described, most of them causing a hyperactivation of the MAPK- or PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, one potential strategy to overcome BRAFi resistance in melanoma cells would be to target important common signaling nodes. Known factors that cause secondary resistance include the overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), alternative splicing of BRAF or the occurrence of novel mutations in MEK1 or NRAS. In this study we show that β-catenin is stabilized and translocated to the nucleus in approximately half of the melanomas that were analyzed and which developed secondary resistance towards BRAFi. We further demonstrate that β-catenin is involved in the mediation of resistance towards vemurafenib in vitro and in vivo. Unexpectedly, β-catenin acts mainly independent of the TCF/LEF dependent canonical Wnt-signaling pathway in resistance development, which partly explains previous contradictory results about the role of β-catenin in melanoma progression and therapy resistance. We further demonstrate that β-catenin interacts with Stat3 after chronic vemurafenib treatment and both together cooperate in the acquisition and maintenance of resistance towards BRAFi.
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32
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Lin TC, Su CY, Wu PY, Lai TC, Pan WA, Jan YH, Chang YC, Yeh CT, Chen CL, Ger LP, Chang HT, Yang CJ, Huang MS, Liu YP, Lin YF, Shyy JYJ, Tsai MD, Hsiao M. The nucleolar protein NIFK promotes cancer progression via CK1α/β-catenin in metastasis and Ki-67-dependent cell proliferation. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26984280 PMCID: PMC4811767 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolar protein interacting with the FHA domain of pKi-67 (NIFK) is a Ki-67-interacting protein. However, its precise function in cancer remains largely uninvestigated. Here we show the clinical significance and metastatic mechanism of NIFK in lung cancer. NIFK expression is clinically associated with poor prognosis and metastasis. Furthermore, NIFK enhances Ki-67-dependent proliferation, and promotes migration, invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo via downregulation of casein kinase 1α (CK1α), a suppressor of pro-metastatic TCF4/β-catenin signaling. Inversely, CK1α is upregulated upon NIFK knockdown. The silencing of CK1α expression in NIFK-silenced cells restores TCF4/β-catenin transcriptional activity, cell migration, and metastasis. Furthermore, RUNX1 is identified as a transcription factor of CSNK1A1 (CK1α) that is negatively regulated by NIFK. Our results demonstrate the prognostic value of NIFK, and suggest that NIFK is required for lung cancer progression via the RUNX1-dependent CK1α repression, which activates TCF4/β-catenin signaling in metastasis and the Ki-67-dependent regulation in cell proliferation. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11288.001 Cancer cells can rapidly divide to form a tumor. Small groups of cells can leave the tumor to migrate to other sites in the body, and it is these “secondary” tumors that are often responsible for the death of cancer patients. Many proteins influence how and when cells divide and migrate. One such protein called Ki67 is only produced when cells are dividing and it is often used in the clinic as a marker to indicate whether cells have become cancerous. However, it is not clear how Ki67 regulates the progression of cancer. Ki67 interacts with another protein called NIFK, and Lin, Su et al. have now investigated the role of NIFK in cancer. First, publicly available data on the levels of proteins in tumor samples from cancer patients were analyzed. This revealed that, in several different types of cancer, tumors that produced more NIFK were more likely to spread to other parts of the body than tumors that produced smaller amounts of NIFK. Next, Lin, Su et al carried out experiments using human lung cancer cells. This revealed that cells that produced larger amounts of NIFK were more likely to migrate, while cells with lower levels of NIFK divided and migrated less often. Further experiments showed that NIFK increases the activity of genes that are involved in cell migration. NIFK achieves this by reducing the production of a protein that inhibits the activity of another protein called β-catenin. Lin, Su et al.’s findings reveal a new role for NIFK in promoting the development of cancer. A future challenge is to find out whether chemicals that inhibit NIFK could be used in the treatment of lung cancer. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11288.002
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chia-Yi Su
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen-An Pan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chang Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Long Chen
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Ping Ger
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Chang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Peng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Ming-Daw Tsai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li N, Lorenzi F, Kalakouti E, Normatova M, Babaei-Jadidi R, Tomlinson I, Nateri AS. FBXW7-mutated colorectal cancer cells exhibit aberrant expression of phosphorylated-p53 at Serine-15. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9240-56. [PMID: 25860929 PMCID: PMC4496214 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
FBXW7 mutations occur in a variety of human cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). Elucidating its mechanism of action has become crucial for cancer therapy; however, it is also complicated by the fact that FBXW7 can influence many pathways due to its role as an E3-ubiquitin ligase in proteasome degradation. FBXW7 and TP53 are tumour suppressors intensively implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. Deletion mutations in these two genes in animal models mark the progression from adenoma to carcinoma. Although still largely unknown, the last defense mechanism against CRC at the molecular level could be through a synergistic effect of the two genes. The underlying mechanism requires further investigation. In our laboratory, we have used a phospho-kinase profiler array to illustrate a potential molecular link between FBXW7 and p53 in CRC cells. In vitro and in vivo assessments demonstrated aberrant induction of phosphorylated p53 at Serine 15 [phospho-p53(Ser15)] in human FBXW7-deficient CRC cells as compared to their FBXW7-wild-type counterparts. FBXW7 loss in HCT116 cells promoted resistance to oxaliplatin. Immunoblotting data further confirmed that reduction of phospho-p53(Ser15) may contribute to the decreased efficacy of therapy in FBXW7-mutated CRC cells. The findings may suggest the applicability of phospho-p53(Ser15) as an indicative marker of FBXW7-mutations. Phospho-p53(Ser15) regulation by FBXW7 E3-ligase activity could provide important clues for understanding FBXW7 behavior in tumour progression and grounds for its clinical applicability thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Li
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Federica Lorenzi
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Eliana Kalakouti
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.,Hillingdon Hospital, Uxbridge UB8 3NN, UK
| | - Makhliyo Normatova
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Roya Babaei-Jadidi
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory, the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Abdolrahman S Nateri
- Cancer Genetics & Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology Unit, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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Tan SY, Smeets MF, Chalk AM, Nandurkar H, Walkley CR, Purton LE, Wall M. Insights into myelodysplastic syndromes from current preclinical models. World J Hematol 2016; 5:1-22. [DOI: 10.5315/wjh.v5.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been significant progress made in our understanding of the molecular genetics of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Using massively parallel sequencing techniques, recurring mutations are identified in up to 80% of MDS cases, including many with a normal karyotype. The differential role of some of these mutations in the initiation and progression of MDS is starting to be elucidated. Engineering candidate genes in mice to model MDS has contributed to recent insights into this complex disease. In this review, we examine currently available mouse models, with detailed discussion of selected models. Finally, we highlight some advances made in our understanding of MDS biology, and conclude with discussions of questions that remain unanswered.
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Neha, Jaggi AS, Singh N. Silymarin and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 929:25-44. [PMID: 27771919 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Silymarin is the active constituent of Silybum marianum (milk thistle) which is a C-25 containing flavonolignan. Milk thistle has a lot of traditional values, being used as a vegetable, as salad, as bitter tonic, and as galactogogue in nursing mothers and in various ailments such as liver complications, depression, dyspepsia, spleenic congestions, varicose veins, diabetes, amenorrhea, uterine hemorrhage, and menstrual problems. In this present chapter, a comprehensive attempt has been made to discuss the potential of silymarin in chronic disorders. An insight into modulation of cellular signaling by silymarin and its implication in various disorders such as liver disorders, inflammatory disorders, cancer, neurological disorders, skin diseases, and hypercholesterolemia is being provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Amteshwar S Jaggi
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Nirmal Singh
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
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Vaid M, Singh T, Prasad R, Katiyar SK. Bioactive proanthocyanidins inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human melanoma cells by decreasing the accumulation of β-catenin. Int J Oncol 2015; 48:624-34. [PMID: 26676402 PMCID: PMC4725457 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer with poor survival rate. Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin has been observed in nearly one-third of human melanoma cases thereby indicating that targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling could be a promising strategy against melanoma development. In the present study, we determined chemotherapeutic effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on the growth of melanoma cells and validated their protective effects in vivo using a xenograft mouse model, and assessed if β-catenin is the target of GSP chemotherapeutic effect. Our in vitro data show that treatment of A375 and Hs294t human melanoma cells with GSPs inhibit the growth of melanoma cells, which was associated with the reduction in the levels of β-catenin. Administration of dietary GSPs (0.2 and 0.5%, w/w) in supplementation with AIN76A control diet significantly inhibited the growth of melanoma tumor xenografts in nude mice. Furthermore, dietary GSPs inhibited the xenograft growth of Mel928 (β-catenin-activated), while did not inhibit the xenograft growth of Mel1011 (β-catenin-inactivated) cells. These observations were further verified by siRNA knockdown of β-catenin and forced overexpression of β-catenin in melanoma cells using a cell culture model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudit Vaid
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Tripti Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Santosh K Katiyar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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37
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Smith AE, Kulasekararaj AG, Jiang J, Mian S, Mohamedali A, Gaken J, Ireland R, Czepulkowski B, Best S, Mufti GJ. CSNK1A1 mutations and isolated del(5q) abnormality in myelodysplastic syndrome: a retrospective mutational analysis. LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2015; 2:e212-21. [PMID: 26688096 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(15)00050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A mechanism for clonal growth advantage in isolated del(5q) disease remains elusive. CSNK1A1 resides on the critically deleted region, and deletion of this gene has been shown in mouse knockout and transplantation studies to produce some characteristics of bone marrow failure, including a proliferative advantage. We aimed to establish the frequency, nature, and clinical association of CSNK1A1 mutations in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and associated myeloid neoplasms. METHODS Between June 1, 2004, and May 31, 2014, in King's College (London, UK), we did whole-exome sequencing of five patients with isolated del(5q) followed by targeted screening for CSNK1A1 mutations and 20 myelodysplastic syndrome-associated mutations in 245 additional patients with myeloid neoplasms. All patients met present WHO diagnostic criteria for myelodysplastic syndrome and other related myeloid neoplasms. FINDINGS 39 (16%) of 250 patients with myeloid neoplasms had isolated del(5q), of whom seven (18%) had CSNK1A1 mutations. All these mutations were missense and presented in a highly conserved region that is implicated in ATP catalysis. Serial sampling and response to lenalidomide treatment showed that CSNK1A1 mutations were highly associated with the del(5q) clone. Only one patient with a CSNK1A1 mutation showed complete cytogenetic response to lenalidomide. Four (57%) of the seven patients carrying a CSNK1A1 mutation showed disease progression coupled with an increase in mutant allele burden (all four were on lenalidomide). We detected coexisting myelodysplastic syndrome-related gene mutations in patients with CSNK1A1 mutations, including TP53. INTERPRETATION Similar to the effect of TP53 mutations on progression of del(5q) abnormality, mutant CSNK1A1 also gives rise to a poor prognosis in del(5q) abnormality, for which a coupled increase in P53 activation is suggested. CSNK1A1 mutations in del(5q) disease are important in the context of therapeutic manipulation and need incorporation into future prospective studies. FUNDING Leukaemia and Lymphoma Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Smith
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Austin G Kulasekararaj
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Syed Mian
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Azim Mohamedali
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joop Gaken
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Robin Ireland
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Czepulkowski
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Steven Best
- Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ghulam J Mufti
- Department of Haematological Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Haematology, King's College Hospital, King's College London, London, UK.
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38
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Heuser M, Meggendorfer M, Cruz MMA, Fabisch J, Klesse S, Köhler L, Göhring G, Ganster C, Shirneshan K, Gutermuth A, Cerny-Reiterer S, Krönke J, Panagiota V, Haferlach C, Koenecke C, Platzbecker U, Thiede C, Schroeder T, Kobbe G, Ehrlich S, Stamer K, Döhner K, Valent P, Schlegelberger B, Kroeger N, Ganser A, Haase D, Haferlach T, Thol F. Frequency and prognostic impact of casein kinase 1A1 mutations in MDS patients with deletion of chromosome 5q. Leukemia 2015; 29:1942-5. [PMID: 25792355 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - M M A Cruz
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Fabisch
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Klesse
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - L Köhler
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - G Göhring
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - C Ganster
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - K Shirneshan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Gutermuth
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Cerny-Reiterer
- Department of Hematology and Hemostasis, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - V Panagiota
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - C Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany
| | - C Koenecke
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - U Platzbecker
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Thiede
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Schroeder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - G Kobbe
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University of Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - S Ehrlich
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - K Stamer
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - K Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - P Valent
- Department of Hematology and Hemostasis, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Schlegelberger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - N Kroeger
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - D Haase
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - T Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany
| | - F Thol
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany
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Schneider RK, Ademà V, Heckl D, Järås M, Mallo M, Lord AM, Chu LP, McConkey ME, Kramann R, Mullally A, Bejar R, Solé F, Ebert BL. Role of casein kinase 1A1 in the biology and targeted therapy of del(5q) MDS. Cancer Cell 2014; 26:509-20. [PMID: 25242043 PMCID: PMC4199102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The casein kinase 1A1 gene (CSNK1A1) is a putative tumor suppressor gene located in the common deleted region for del(5q) myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We generated a murine model with conditional inactivation of Csnk1a1 and found that Csnk1a1 haploinsufficiency induces hematopoietic stem cell expansion and a competitive repopulation advantage, whereas homozygous deletion induces hematopoietic stem cell failure. Based on this finding, we found that heterozygous inactivation of Csnk1a1 sensitizes cells to a CSNK1 inhibitor relative to cells with two intact alleles. In addition, we identified recurrent somatic mutations in CSNK1A1 on the nondeleted allele of patients with del(5q) MDS. These studies demonstrate that CSNK1A1 plays a central role in the biology of del(5q) MDS and is a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka K Schneider
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vera Ademà
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, GRETNHE, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dirk Heckl
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcus Järås
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mar Mallo
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, GRETNHE, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Allegra M Lord
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lisa P Chu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marie E McConkey
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ann Mullally
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rafael Bejar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
| | - Francesc Solé
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, GRETNHE, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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40
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Biological functions of casein kinase 1 isoforms and putative roles in tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:231. [PMID: 25306547 PMCID: PMC4201705 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoforms of the casein kinase 1 (CK1) family have been shown to phosphorylate key regulatory molecules involved in cell cycle, transcription and translation, the structure of the cytoskeleton, cell-cell adhesion and receptor-coupled signal transduction. They regulate key signaling pathways known to be critically involved in tumor progression. Recent results point to an altered expression or activity of different CK1 isoforms in tumor cells. This review summarizes the expression and biological function of CK1 family members in normal and malignant cells and the evidence obtained so far about their role in tumorigenesis.
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41
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Chakravadhanula M, Hampton CN, Chodavadia P, Ozols V, Zhou L, Catchpoole D, Xu J, Erdreich-Epstein A, Bhardwaj RD. Wnt pathway in atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors. Neuro Oncol 2014; 17:526-35. [PMID: 25246426 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is an aggressive pediatric brain tumor with limited therapeutic options. The hypothesis for this study was that the Wnt pathway triggered by the Wnt5B ligand plays an important role in ATRT biology. To address this hypothesis, the role of WNT5B and other Wnt pathway genes was analyzed in ATRT tissues and ATRT primary cell lines. METHODS Transcriptome-sequencing analyses were performed using nanoString platforms, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR, immunoprecipitation, short interference RNA studies, cell viability studies, and drug dose response (DDR) assays. RESULTS Our transcriptome-sequencing results of Wnt pathway genes from ATRT tissues and cell lines indicated that the WNT5B gene is significantly upregulated in ATRT samples compared with nontumor brain samples. These results also indicated a differential expression of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt genes. Imunoprecipitation studies indicated that Wnt5B binds to Frizzled1 and Ryk receptors. Inhibition of WNT5B by short interference RNA decreased the expression of FRIZZLED1 and RYK. Cell viability studies a indicated significant decrease in cell viability by inhibiting Frizzled1 receptor. DDR assays showed promising results with some inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS These promising therapeutic options will be studied further before starting a translational clinical trial. The success of these options will improve care for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Chakravadhanula
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Chris N Hampton
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Parth Chodavadia
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Victor Ozols
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Li Zhou
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Daniel Catchpoole
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Jingying Xu
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Anat Erdreich-Epstein
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
| | - Ratan D Bhardwaj
- Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona (M.C., C.N.H., V.O., R.D.B.); Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia (L.Z., D.C.); Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (P.C.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California (A.E.-E.); Children's Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (J.X., A.E.-E.)
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Li B, Flaveny CA, Giambelli C, Fei DL, Han L, Hang BI, Bai F, Pei XH, Nose V, Burlingame O, Capobianco AJ, Orton D, Lee E, Robbins DJ. Repurposing the FDA-approved pinworm drug pyrvinium as a novel chemotherapeutic agent for intestinal polyposis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101969. [PMID: 25003333 PMCID: PMC4086981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the WNT-pathway regulator ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI (APC) promote aberrant activation of the WNT pathway that is responsible for APC-associated diseases such as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and 85% of spontaneous colorectal cancers (CRC). FAP is characterized by multiple intestinal adenomas, which inexorably result in CRC. Surprisingly, given their common occurrence, there are few effective chemotherapeutic drugs for FAP. Here we show that the FDA-approved, anti-helminthic drug Pyrvinium attenuates the growth of WNT-dependent CRC cells and does so via activation of CK1α. Furthermore, we show that Pyrvinium can function as an in vivo inhibitor of WNT-signaling and polyposis in a mouse model of FAP: APCmin mice. Oral administration of Pyrvinium, a CK1α agonist, attenuated the levels of WNT-driven biomarkers and inhibited adenoma formation in APCmin mice. Considering its well-documented safe use for treating enterobiasis in humans, our findings suggest that Pyrvinium could be repurposed for the clinical treatment of APC-associated polyposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Colin A. Flaveny
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Camilla Giambelli
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dennis Liang Fei
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lu Han
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Brian I. Hang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Feng Bai
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Vania Nose
- Department of Pathology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Oname Burlingame
- Department of Pathology, Jackson Health System, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Darren Orton
- Stemsynergy Therapeutics Inc., Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ethan Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - David J. Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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43
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Li B, Fei DL, Flaveny CA, Dahmane N, Baubet V, Wang Z, Bai F, Pei XH, Rodriguez-Blanco J, Hang B, Orton D, Han L, Wang B, Capobianco AJ, Lee E, Robbins DJ. Pyrvinium attenuates Hedgehog signaling downstream of smoothened. Cancer Res 2014; 74:4811-21. [PMID: 24994715 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway represents an important class of emerging developmental signaling pathways that play critical roles in the genesis of a large number of human cancers. The pharmaceutical industry is currently focused on developing small molecules targeting Smoothened (Smo), a key signaling effector of the HH pathway that regulates the levels and activity of the Gli family of transcription factors. Although one of these compounds, vismodegib, is now FDA-approved for patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma, acquired mutations in Smo can result in rapid relapse. Furthermore, many cancers also exhibit a Smo-independent activation of Gli proteins, an observation that may underlie the limited efficacy of Smo inhibitors in clinical trials against other types of cancer. Thus, there remains a critical need for HH inhibitors with different mechanisms of action, particularly those that act downstream of Smo. Recently, we identified the FDA-approved anti-pinworm compound pyrvinium as a novel, potent (IC50, 10 nmol/L) casein kinase-1α (CK1α) agonist. We show here that pyrvinium is a potent inhibitor of HH signaling, which acts by reducing the stability of the Gli family of transcription factors. Consistent with CK1α agonists acting on these most distal components of the HH signaling pathway, pyrvinium is able to inhibit the activity of a clinically relevant, vismodegib -resistant Smo mutant, as well as the Gli activity resulting from loss of the negative regulator suppressor of fused. We go on to demonstrate the utility of this small molecule in vivo, against the HH-dependent cancer medulloblastoma, attenuating its growth and reducing the expression of HH biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Dennis Liang Fei
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Colin A Flaveny
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Nadia Dahmane
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Valérie Baubet
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Feng Bai
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Brian Hang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Lu Han
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Baolin Wang
- Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Anthony J Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Ethan Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
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Knippschild U, Krüger M, Richter J, Xu P, García-Reyes B, Peifer C, Halekotte J, Bakulev V, Bischof J. The CK1 Family: Contribution to Cellular Stress Response and Its Role in Carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2014; 4:96. [PMID: 24904820 PMCID: PMC4032983 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed pleiotropic CK1 family play major regulatory roles in many cellular processes including DNA-processing and repair, proliferation, cytoskeleton dynamics, vesicular trafficking, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. As a consequence of cellular stress conditions, interaction of CK1 with the mitotic spindle is manifold increased pointing to regulatory functions at the mitotic checkpoint. Furthermore, CK1 is able to alter the activity of key proteins in signal transduction and signal integration molecules. In line with this notion, CK1 is tightly connected to the regulation and degradation of β-catenin, p53, and MDM2. Considering the importance of CK1 for accurate cell division and regulation of tumor suppressor functions, it is not surprising that mutations and alterations in the expression and/or activity of CK1 isoforms are often detected in various tumor entities including cancer of the kidney, choriocarcinomas, breast carcinomas, oral cancer, adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, and ovarian cancer. Therefore, scientific effort has enormously increased (i) to understand the regulation of CK1 and its involvement in tumorigenesis- and tumor progression-related signal transduction pathways and (ii) to develop CK1-specific inhibitors for the use in personalized therapy concepts. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding CK1 regulation, function, and interaction with cellular proteins playing central roles in cellular stress-responses and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital , Ulm , Germany
| | - Marc Krüger
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital , Ulm , Germany
| | - Julia Richter
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital , Ulm , Germany
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital , Ulm , Germany
| | - Balbina García-Reyes
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital , Ulm , Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Christian Albrechts University , Kiel , Germany
| | - Jakob Halekotte
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Christian Albrechts University , Kiel , Germany
| | - Vasiliy Bakulev
- Department of Organic Synthesis, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia
| | - Joachim Bischof
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Surgery Center, Ulm University Hospital , Ulm , Germany
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45
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Barham W, Frump AL, Sherrill TP, Garcia CB, Saito-Diaz K, VanSaun MN, Fingleton B, Gleaves L, Orton D, Capecchi MR, Blackwell TS, Lee E, Yull F, Eid JE. Targeting the Wnt pathway in synovial sarcoma models. Cancer Discov 2013; 3:1286-301. [PMID: 23921231 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Synovial sarcoma is an aggressive soft-tissue malignancy of children and young adults, with no effective systemic therapies. Its specific oncogene, SYT-SSX (SS18-SSX), drives sarcoma initiation and development. The exact mechanism of SYT-SSX oncogenic function remains unknown. In an SYT-SSX2 transgenic model, we show that a constitutive Wnt/β-catenin signal is aberrantly activated by SYT-SSX2, and inhibition of Wnt signaling through the genetic loss of β-catenin blocks synovial sarcoma tumor formation. In a combination of cell-based and synovial sarcoma tumor xenograft models, we show that inhibition of the Wnt cascade through coreceptor blockade and the use of small-molecule CK1α activators arrests synovial sarcoma tumor growth. We find that upregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin cascade by SYT-SSX2 correlates with its nuclear reprogramming function. These studies reveal the central role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in SYT-SSX2-induced sarcoma genesis, and open new venues for the development of effective synovial sarcoma curative agents. SIGNIFICANCE Synovial sarcoma is an aggressive soft-tissue cancer that afflicts children and young adults, and for which there is no effective treatment. The current studies provide critical insight into our understanding of the pathogenesis of SYT–SSX-dependent synovial sarcoma and pave the way for the development of effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of the disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Barham
- 1Department of Cancer Biology, 2Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, 3Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and 4Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; 5Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University; 6StemSynergy Therapeutics, Inc., Nashville, Tennessee; 7Department of Pediatrics-Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and 8Department of Human Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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46
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Mehta MS, Dolfi SC, Bronfenbrener R, Bilal E, Chen C, Moore D, Lin Y, Rahim H, Aisner S, Kersellius RD, Teh J, Chen S, Toppmeyer DL, Medina DJ, Ganesan S, Vazquez A, Hirshfield KM. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 expression and its polymorphic variants associate with breast cancer phenotypes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69851. [PMID: 23922822 PMCID: PMC3724883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have suggested a link between melanoma and breast cancer. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1), which is involved in many cellular processes including proliferation and differentiation, has been implicated in melanomagenesis, with ectopic expression of GRM1 causing malignant transformation of melanocytes. This study was undertaken to evaluate GRM1 expression and polymorphic variants in GRM1 for associations with breast cancer phenotypes. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GRM1 were evaluated for associations with breast cancer clinicopathologic variables. GRM1 expression was evaluated in human normal and cancerous breast tissue and for in vitro response to hormonal manipulation. Genotyping was performed on genomic DNA from over 1,000 breast cancer patients. Rs6923492 and rs362962 genotypes associated with age at diagnosis that was highly dependent upon the breast cancer molecular phenotype. The rs362962 TT genotype also associated with risk of estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor positive breast cancer. In vitro analysis showed increased GRM1 expression in breast cancer cells treated with estrogen or the combination of estrogen and progesterone, but reduced GRM1 expression with tamoxifen treatment. Evaluation of GRM1 expression in human breast tumor specimens demonstrated significant correlations between GRM1 staining with tissue type and molecular features. Furthermore, analysis of gene expression data from primary breast tumors showed that high GRM1 expression correlated with a shorter distant metastasis-free survival as compared to low GRM1 expression in tamoxifen-treated patients. Additionally, induced knockdown of GRM1 in an estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell line correlated with reduced cell proliferation. Taken together, these findings suggest a functional role for GRM1 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura S. Mehta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Sonia C. Dolfi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Roman Bronfenbrener
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Erhan Bilal
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Chunxia Chen
- Department of Biometrics, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dirk Moore
- Department of Biometrics, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Biometrics, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Hussein Rahim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Seena Aisner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Romona D. Kersellius
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jessica Teh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Suzie Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Deborah L. Toppmeyer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Dan J. Medina
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Alexei Vazquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Kim M. Hirshfield
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey/University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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47
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Damsky WE, Theodosakis N, Bosenberg M. Melanoma metastasis: new concepts and evolving paradigms. Oncogene 2013; 33:2413-22. [PMID: 23728340 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma progression is typically depicted as a linear and stepwise process in which metastasis occurs relatively late in disease progression. Significant evidence suggests that in a subset of melanomas, progression is much more complex and less linear in nature. Epidemiologic and experimental observations in melanoma metastasis are reviewed here and are incorporated into a comprehensive model for melanoma metastasis, which takes into account the varied natural history of melanoma formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Damsky
- 1] Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA [2] Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - N Theodosakis
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M Bosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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48
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Jones V, Katiyar SK. Emerging phytochemicals for prevention of melanoma invasion. Cancer Lett 2013; 335:251-8. [PMID: 23474498 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin diseases due to its propensity to metastasize. Once diagnosed with metastatic melanoma, most patients will die of their disease within 2years. As suppression of metastases requires long-term interventions, potential anti-metastatic agents must not only be efficacious but also have low toxicity. Many phytochemicals used in traditional medicine have low toxicity and recent studies suggest that some are promising candidates for the prevention or treatment of metastatic melanoma. Here, we review the recent literature regarding phytochemicals that have shown inhibitory effects on melanoma cell migration or invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Jones
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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49
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Carreras Puigvert J, von Stechow L, Siddappa R, Pines A, Bahjat M, Haazen LCJM, Olsen JV, Vrieling H, Meerman JHN, Mullenders LHF, van de Water B, Danen EHJ. Systems biology approach identifies the kinase Csnk1a1 as a regulator of the DNA damage response in embryonic stem cells. Sci Signal 2013; 6:ra5. [PMID: 23354688 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2003208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In pluripotent stem cells, DNA damage triggers loss of pluripotency and apoptosis as a safeguard to exclude damaged DNA from the lineage. An intricate DNA damage response (DDR) signaling network ensures that the response is proportional to the severity of the damage. We combined an RNA interference screen targeting all kinases, phosphatases, and transcription factors with global transcriptomics and phosphoproteomics to map the DDR in mouse embryonic stem cells treated with the DNA cross-linker cisplatin. Networks derived from canonical pathways shared in all three data sets were implicated in DNA damage repair, cell cycle and survival, and differentiation. Experimental probing of these networks identified a mode of DNA damage-induced Wnt signaling that limited apoptosis. Silencing or deleting the p53 gene demonstrated that genotoxic stress elicited Wnt signaling in a p53-independent manner. Instead, this response occurred through reduced abundance of Csnk1a1 (CK1α), a kinase that inhibits β-catenin. Together, our findings reveal a balance between p53-mediated elimination of stem cells (through loss of pluripotency and apoptosis) and Wnt signaling that attenuates this response to tune the outcome of the DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Carreras Puigvert
- Division of Toxicology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, P. O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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50
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The chick embryo as an experimental system for melanoma cell invasion. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53970. [PMID: 23342051 PMCID: PMC3544663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A primary cutaneous melanoma will not kill the patient, but its metastases. Since in vitro studies on melanoma cells in 2-D cultures do often not reflect reality, 3-D models might come closer to the physiological situation in the patient during cancer initiation and progression. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we describe the chick embryo model for in vivo studies of melanoma cell migration and invasion. After transplantation of neural crest-derived melanoma cells into the neural tube, the melanoma cells resume neural crest cell migration along the medial and lateral pathways and finally undergo apoptosis in the target areas. Upon transplantation into ectopic areas such as the hindbrain or the optic cup malignant invasion and local tissue destruction occurs. In contrast, melanocytes are not able to spontaneously resume neural crest cell migration. However, malignant invasion can be induced in melanocytes by pre-treatment with the TGF-beta family members bone morphegenetic protein-2 or nodal. Transplantation of MCF7 breast cancer cells yields a different growth pattern in the rhombencephalon than melanoma cells. Conclusions/Significance The chick embryo model is a feasible, cost-effective in vivo system to study invasion by cancer cells in an embryonic environment. It may be useful to study invasive behavior induced by embryonic oncogenes and for targeted manipulation of melanoma or breast cancer cells aiming at ablation of invasive properties.
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