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Watanabe K, Tasaka K, Ogata H, Kato S, Ueno H, Umeda K, Isobe T, Kubota Y, Sekiguchi M, Kimura S, Sato-Otsubo A, Hiwatari M, Ushiku T, Kato M, Oka A, Miyano S, Ogawa S, Takita J. Inhibition of the galactosyltransferase C1GALT1 reduces osteosarcoma cell proliferation by interfering with ERK signaling and cell cycle progression. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00773-9. [PMID: 38622340 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Novel therapeutic strategies are urgently required for osteosarcoma, given the early age at onset and persistently high mortality rate. Modern transcriptomics techniques can identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, so we screened for DEGs in osteosarcoma. We found that osteosarcoma cases could be divided into fair and poor survival groups based on gene expression profiles. Among the genes upregulated in the poor survival group, siRNA-mediated knockdown of the glycosylation-related gene C1GALT1 suppressed osteosarcoma cell proliferation in culture. Gene expression, phosphorylation, and glycome array analyses also demonstrated that C1GALT1 is required to maintain ERK signaling and cell cycle progression. Moreover, the C1GALT1 inhibitor itraconazole suppressed osteosarcoma cell proliferation in culture, while doxycycline-induced shRNA-mediated knockdown reduced xenograft osteosarcoma growth in mice. Elevated C1GALT1 expression is a potential early predictor of poor prognosis, while pharmacological inhibition may be a feasible treatment strategy for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Tasaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideto Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shota Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroo Ueno
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsutsugu Umeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sekiguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Aiko Sato-Otsubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuteru Hiwatari
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Department of Integrated Analytics, M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Gao J, Xu P, Wang F, Zhang W, Min M, Urba R, Fan L. Revealing the pharmacological effects of Remodelin against osteosarcoma based on network pharmacology, acRIP-seq and experimental validation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3577. [PMID: 38347067 PMCID: PMC10861577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. Remodelin, an inhibitor of the N (4)-Acetylcytidine (ac4C) acetylation modifying enzyme N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), has been shown to have therapeutic effects on cancer in several studies, and our previous studies have confirmed the inhibitory effect of Remodelin on OS cells, however, the mechanism of action has not yet been elucidated. We used network pharmacological analysis to quantify the therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. acRIP-seq and RNA-seq were performed to investigate the inhibitory activity of Remodelin on acetylation and its effect on the transcriptome after intervening in OS cells U2OS with Remodelin in vitro. Key target genes were deduced based on their pharmacological properties, combined with network pharmacology results and sequencing results. Finally, the deduced target genes were validated with vitro experiments. Network pharmacological analysis showed that 2291 OS-related target genes and 369 Remodelin-related target genes were obtained, and 116 overlapping genes were identified as Remodelin targets for OS treatment. Sequencing results showed that a total of 13,736 statistically significant ac4C modification peaks were detected by acRIP-seq, including 6938 hypoacetylation modifications and 6798 hyperacetylation modifications. A total of 2350 statistically significant mRNAs were detected by RNA-seq, of which 830 were up-regulated and 1520 were down-regulated. Association analyses identified a total of 382 genes that were Hypoacetylated-down, consistent with inhibition of mRNA acetylation and expression by Remodelin. Five genes, CASP3, ESR2, FGFR2, IGF1 and MAPK1, were identified as key therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. Finally, in vitro experiments, CCK-8 and qRT-PCR demonstrated that Remodelin indeed inhibited the proliferation of OS cells and reduced the expression of three genes: ESR2, IGF1, and MAPK1. In conclusion, ESR2, IGF1 and MAPK1 were identified as key therapeutic targets of Remodelin against OS. This reveals the target of Remodelin's pharmacological action on OS and provides new ideas for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peili Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meipeng Min
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rafi Urba
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Jiang J, Zhan X, Wei J, Fan Q, Li H, Li H, Li S, Zhao Y, Yin G, Tang L, Wu Y, Lan M, Qin Y, Guo Q, Xu W, Lu L, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Qu H. Artificial intelligence reveals dysregulation of osteosarcoma and cuproptosis-related biomarkers, PDHA1, CDKN2A and neutrophils. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4927. [PMID: 36967449 PMCID: PMC10040405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32195-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, the impact of cuproptosis-related genes in the study of osteosarcoma is largely unknown. Genome-wide data of osteosarcoma and controls were downloaded from 3 different databases, and specific diagnostic models associated with cuproptosis in osteosarcoma were constructed by support vector machines with artificial intelligence, random forest trees and LASSO regression. Differential analysis of immune cell infiltration was examined using routine blood data from 25,665 cases. Differential expression was examined using immunohistochemistry and PCR. PDHA1 and CDKN2A were obtained as specific cuproptosis-related biomarkers for osteosarcoma after artificial intelligence analysis. PDHA1, CDKN2A and neutrophils were differentially expressed in OS and control groups. PDHA1 and CDKN2A are significantly dysregulated in OS and are able to serve as biomarkers of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- Spinal Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Wei
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qie Fan
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Haowen Li
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Yin
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Wu
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Mindong Lan
- Orthopedics, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijue Qin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Weicheng Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitian Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Haishun Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Feng W, Lin H, Rothzerg E, Song D, Zhao W, Ning T, Wei Q, Zhao J, Wood D, Liu Y, Xu J. RNA-seq and Single-Cell Transcriptome Analyses of TRAIL Receptors Gene Expression in Human Osteosarcoma Cells and Tissues. Cancer Inform 2023; 22:11769351231161478. [PMID: 37101729 PMCID: PMC10123892 DOI: 10.1177/11769351231161478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary cancer in the skeletal system, characterized by a high incidence of lung metastasis, local recurrence and death. Systemic treatment of this aggressive cancer has not improved significantly since the introduction of chemotherapy regimens, underscoring a critical need for new treatment strategies. TRAIL receptors have long been proposed to be therapeutic targets for cancer treatment, but their role in osteosarcoma remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression profile of four TRAIL receptors in human OS cells using total RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq). The results revealed that TNFRSF10B and TNFRSF10D but not TNFRSF10A and TNFRSF10C are differentially expressed in human OS cells as compared to normal cells. At the single cell level by scRNA-seq analyses, TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF10D, TNFRSF10A and TNFRSF10C are most abundantly expressed in endothelial cells of OS tissues among nine distinct cell clusters. Notably, in osteoblastic OS cells, TNFRSF10B is most abundantly expressed, followed by TNFRSF10D, TNFRSF10A and TNFRSF10C. Similarly, in an OS cell line U2-OS using RNA-seq, TNFRSF10B is most abundantly expressed, followed by TNFRSF10D, TNFRSF10A and TNFRSF10C. According to the TARGET online database, poor patient outcomes were associated with low expression of TNFRSF10C. These results could provide a new perspective to design novel therapeutic targets of TRAIL receptors for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of OS and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Haiyingjie Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Emel Rothzerg
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dezhi Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | | | | | - Qingjun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - David Wood
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Jiake Xu, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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5
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Wang X, Xia G, Xiao S, Wu S, Zhang L, Huang J, Zhang W, Cao X. A ferroptosis-related gene signature associated with immune landscape and therapeutic response in osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1024915. [PMID: 36439512 PMCID: PMC9691858 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1024915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of ferroptosis in tumor progression and immune microenvironment is extensively investigated. However, the potential value of ferroptosis regulators in predicting prognosis and therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma (OS) patients remains to be elucidated. METHODS Here, we extracted transcriptomic and survival data from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to investigate the expression and prognostic value of ferroptosis regulators in OS patients. After comprehensive analyses, including Gene set variation analysis (GSVA), single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), Estimated Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression (ESTIMATE), single-cell RNA sequencing, and biological experiments, our constructed 8-ferroptosis-regulators prognostic signature effectively predicted the immune landscape, prognosis, and chemoradiotherapy strategies for OS patients. RESULTS We constructed an 8-ferroptosis-regulators signature that could predict the survival outcome of OS. The signature algorithm scored samples, and high-scoring patients were more prone to worse prognoses. The tumor immune landscape suggested the positive relevance between risk score and immunosuppression. Interfering HILPDA and MUC1 expression would inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration, and MUC1 might improve the ferroptosis resistance of OS cells. Moreover, we predicted chemoradiotherapy strategies of cancer patients following ferroptosis-risk-score groups. CONCLUSION Dysregulated ferroptosis gene expression can affect OS progression by affecting the tumor immune landscape and ferroptosis resistance. Our risk model can predict OS survival outcomes, and we propose that HILPDA and MUC1 are potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shilang Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenxiu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Taylor AM, Sun JM, Yu A, Voicu H, Shen J, Barkauskas DA, Triche TJ, Gastier-Foster JM, Man TK, Lau CC. Integrated DNA Copy Number and Expression Profiling Identifies IGF1R as a Prognostic Biomarker in Pediatric Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148036. [PMID: 35887382 PMCID: PMC9319262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor arising from bone-forming mesenchymal cells in children and adolescents. Despite efforts to understand the biology of the disease and identify novel therapeutics, the survival of osteosarcoma patients remains dismal. We have concurrently profiled the copy number and gene expression of 226 osteosarcoma samples as part of the Strategic Partnering to Evaluate Cancer Signatures (SPECS) initiative. Our results demonstrate the heterogeneous landscape of osteosarcoma in younger populations by showing the presence of genome-wide copy number abnormalities occurring both recurrently among samples and in a high frequency. Insulin growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) is a receptor tyrosine kinase which binds IGF1 and IGF2 to activate downstream pathways involved in cell apoptosis and proliferation. We identify prevalent amplification of IGF1R corresponding with increased gene expression in patients with poor survival outcomes. Our results substantiate previously tenuously associated copy number abnormalities identified in smaller datasets (13q34+, 20p13+, 4q35-, 20q13.33-), and indicate the significance of high fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) expression in distinguishing patients with poor prognosis. FGFR2 is involved in cellular proliferation processes such as division, growth and angiogenesis. In summary, our findings demonstrate the prognostic significance of several genes associated with osteosarcoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Taylor
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Program of Quantitative & Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiayi M. Sun
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Program of Quantitative & Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexander Yu
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
| | - Horatiu Voicu
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center-Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Jianhe Shen
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
| | - Donald A. Barkauskas
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Timothy J. Triche
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | | | - Tsz-Kwong Man
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center-Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ching C. Lau
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Program of Quantitative & Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center-Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-207-288-6000
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Parlayan C, Sahin Y, Altan Z, Arman K, Ikeda MA, Saadat KASM. ARID3A regulates autophagy related gene BECN1 expression and inhibits proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 585:89-95. [PMID: 34801937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor which has unclear pathobiology. Hence, enlightening the exact molecular mechanism underlying osteosarcoma progression is crucial for developing new treatment strategies. One member of the ARID family of DNA binding proteins is ARID3A that is implicated in osteosarcoma pathogenesis. ARID3A could bind E2F1 and regulate the transcription of E2F1 targets. At the same time, BECN1 is a well-characterized autophagy regulator gene that is a direct target of E2F1. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of ARID3A on the expression of BECN1 in osteosarcoma cells. First, we determined gene expression levels of ARID3A, BECN1, and E2F1 in U-2 OS by qPCR and confirmed with online datasets from GEO database. In addition, the prognostic value of these genes was also evaluated from Kaplan-Meier plotter database. Next, ARID3A was overexpressed and silenced in order to investigate the effect of ARID3A on BECN1 expression and proliferation of U-2 OS cells. Our results demonstrated that BECN1 was negatively correlated with E2F1 and positively correlated with ARID3A based on initial expression and prognostic effect in OS. Overexpression of ARID3A upregulated BECN1 while silenced ARID3A downregulated BECN1 expression in U-2 OS cells. Additionally, silencing of ARID3A promoted colony formation and proliferation, whereas overexpression of ARID3A suppressed colony formation and proliferation of U-2 OS cells. Taken together, these results indicate that ARID3A could function as tumor suppressor and affect the expression level of BECN1 in U-2 OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuneyd Parlayan
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yunus Sahin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Zekiye Altan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Kaifee Arman
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, H2W1R7, QC, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Masa-Aki Ikeda
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Khandakar A S M Saadat
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
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8
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Li S, Liu F, Zheng K, Wang W, Qiu E, Pei Y, Wang S, Zhang J, Zhang X. CircDOCK1 promotes the tumorigenesis and cisplatin resistance of osteogenic sarcoma via the miR-339-3p/IGF1R axis. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:161. [PMID: 34876132 PMCID: PMC8650521 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), may modulate gene expression by binding to miRNAs. Additionally, recent studies show that circRNAs participate in some pathological processes. However, there is a large gap in the knowledge about circDOCK1 expression and its biological functions in osteogenic sarcoma (OS). Methods Differentially expressed circRNAs in OS cell lines and tissues were identified by circRNA microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT–PCR). To explore the actions of circDOCK1 in vivo and in vitro, circDOCK1 was knocked down or overexpressed. To assess the binding and regulatory associations among miR-339-3p, circDOCK1 and IGF1R, we performed rescue experiments, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pulldown assays and dual-luciferase assays. Moreover, we performed apoptosis assays to reveal the regulatory effects of the circDOCK1/miR-339-3p/IGF1R axis on cisplatin sensitivity. Results CircDOCK1 expression remained stable in the cytoplasm and was higher in OS tissues and cells than in the corresponding controls. Overexpression of circDOCK1 increased oncogenicity in vivo and malignant transformation in vitro. In the U2OS and MG63 cell lines, circDOCK1 modulated tumor progression by regulating IGF1R through sponging of miR-339-3p. Additionally, in the U2OS/DDP and MG63/DDP cell lines, cisplatin sensitivity was regulated by circDOCK1 via the miR-339-3p/IGF1R axis. Conclusions CircDOCK1 can promote progression and regulate cisplatin sensitivity in OS via the miR-339-3p/IGF1R axis. Thus, the circDOCK1/miR-339-3p/IGF1R axis may be a key mechanism and therapeutic target in OS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-021-01453-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Enduo Qiu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi Pei
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, China
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9
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Morice S, Danieau G, Tesfaye R, Mullard M, Brion R, Dupuy M, Ory B, Brounais-Le Royer B, Corre I, Redini F, Verrecchia F. Involvement of the TGF-β Signaling Pathway in the Development of YAP-Driven Osteosarcoma Lung Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:765711. [PMID: 34765560 PMCID: PMC8576330 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.765711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The poor survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma (OS), specifically with metastases at diagnosis, undergoes the urgency to develop new therapeutic strategies. Although we recently demonstrated the key role of YAP/TEAD signaling in the growth of OS primary tumor, the molecular mechanisms by which YAP regulates metastases development remain poorly understood. Methods The molecular mechanisms by which YAP regulates metastases development were studied using an overexpression of mutated forms of YAP able or not able to interact with TEAD. Molecular signatures were identified using RNA-sequencing analysis and gene set enrichment. Interactions between YAP and Smad3 were studied using proximity ligation assay (PLA), immunoprecipitation, and promoter/specific gene assays. The involvement of the TGF-β pathway in the ability of YAP to stimulate metastatic development in vivo was studied using an inhibitor of the TGF-β cascade in a preclinical model of OS and in vitro on the ability of OS cells to migrate and invade. Results Our work shows that a high YAP expression is associated with the presence of lung metastases which predicts a poor prognosis. Molecular analysis indicates that TGF-β signaling is involved in YAP-driven osteosarcoma cell pro-migratory phenotype, epithelial mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and in vivo lung metastasis development. Regardless of its ability to bind to TEAD, YAP interacts with Smad3 and stimulates the transcriptional activity of TGF-β/Smad3, thereby enhancing the ability of TGF-β to stimulate lung metastasis development. Conclusions We demonstrated the crucial involvement of the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway in YAP-driven lung metastasis development in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Morice
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Geoffroy Danieau
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Robel Tesfaye
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Mathilde Mullard
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Régis Brion
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Maryne Dupuy
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Benjamin Ory
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Bénédicte Brounais-Le Royer
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Corre
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Françoise Redini
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- Université de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche (INSERM UMR) 1238, Nantes, France
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10
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Yuan J, Yuan Z, Ye A, Wu T, Jia J, Guo J, Zhang J, Li T, Cheng X. Low GNG12 Expression Predicts Adverse Outcomes: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Osteosarcoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:758845. [PMID: 34691083 PMCID: PMC8527884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.758845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background G protein subunit gamma 12 (GNG12) is observed in some types of cancer, but its role in osteosarcoma is unknown. This study hypothesized that GNG12 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. We aimed to identify an association between GNG12 and osteosarcoma based on the Gene Expression Omnibus and the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) databases. Methods Osteosarcoma samples in GSE42352 and TARGET database were selected as the test cohorts. As the external validation cohort, 78 osteosarcoma specimens from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were collected. Patients with osteosarcoma were divided into high and low GNG12 mRNA-expression groups; differentially expressed genes were identified as GNG12-related genes. The biological function of GNG12 was annotated using Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, gene set enrichment analysis, and immune infiltration analysis. Gene expression correlation analysis and competing endogenous RNA regulatory network construction were used to determine potential biological regulatory relationships of GNG12. Overall survival, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and log-rank tests were calculated to determine GNG12 reliability in predicting survival prognosis. Results GNG12 expression decreased in osteosarcoma samples. GNG12 was a highly effective biomarker for osteosarcoma [area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) = 0.920], and the results of our Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that overall survival and progression-free survival differed significantly between low and high GNG-expression group (p < 0.05). Functional analyses indicated that GNG12 may promote osteosarcoma through regulating the endoplasmic reticulum. Expression correlation analysis and competing endogenous RNA network construction showed that HOTTIP/miR-27a-3p may regulate GNG12 expression. Furthermore, the subunit suppresses adaptive immunity via inhibiting M1 and M2 macrophage infiltration. GNG12 was inhibited in metastatic osteosarcoma compared with non-metastatic osteosarcoma, and its expression predicted survival of patients (1, 3, and 5-year AUCs were 0.961, 0.826, and 0.808, respectively). Conclusion This study identified GNG12 as a potential biomarker for osteosarcoma prognosis, highlighting its potential as an immunotherapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhao Yuan
- Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Aifang Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Tianlong Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingyu Jia
- Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopaedics of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopaedics of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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11
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Zheng S, Liu Y, Sun H, Jia J, Wu T, Ding R, Cheng X. Identification of abnormally high expression of POGZ as a new biomarker associated with a poor prognosis in osteosarcoma. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65. [PMID: 34474553 PMCID: PMC8431870 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. There is an urgent need for a novel biomarker related to the prognosis of OS. We performed a meta-analysis incorporating six independent datasets and performed a survival analysis with one independent dataset GSE21257 in the GEO database for gene screening. The results revealed that one potential biomarker related to OS survival, POGZ was the most significantly upregulated gene. We also verified that the POGZ was overexpressed in clinical samples. The survival analysis revealed that POGZ is associated with a poor prognosis in OS. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis of isolated OS cells demonstrated that OS cells were arrested in the G1 phase after POGZ knockdown. The RNA-seq results indicated that POGZ was co-expressed with CCNE1 and CCNB1. Pathway analysis showed that genes associated with high expression levels of POGZ were related to the cell cycle pathway. A cell model was constructed to detect the effects of POGZ. After POGZ knockdown, OS cell proliferation, invasion and migration were all decreased. Therefore, POGZ is an important gene for evaluating the prognosis of OS patients and is a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikuan Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University; Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province; Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics of Nanchang University.
| | - Yue Liu
- Queen Mary School, Medical collage of Nanchang University.
| | - Haohe Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Medical collage of Nanchang University.
| | - Jingyu Jia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province; Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics of Nanchang University.
| | - Tianlong Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University; Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province; Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics of Nanchang University.
| | - Rui Ding
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province; Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics of Nanchang University.
| | - Xigao Cheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; Institute of Orthopedics of Jiangxi Province; Institute of Minimally Invasive Orthopedics of Nanchang University.
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12
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Overexpression of the Ubiquitin Specific Proteases USP43, USP41, USP27x and USP6 in Osteosarcoma Cell Lines: Inhibition of Osteosarcoma Tumor Growth and Lung Metastasis Development by the USP Antagonist PR619. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092268. [PMID: 34571917 PMCID: PMC8464711 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and teenagers. In many cases, such as poor response to treatment or the presence of metastases at diagnosis, the survival rate of patients remains very low. Although in the literature, more and more studies are emerging on the role of Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases (USPs) in the development of many cancers, few data exist regarding OS. In this context, RNA-sequencing analysis of OS cells and mesenchymal stem cells differentiated or not differentiated into osteoblasts reveals increased expression of four USPs in OS tumor cells: USP6, USP27x, USP41 and USP43. Tissue microarray analysis of patient biopsies demonstrates the nucleic and/or cytoplasmic expression of these four USPs at the protein level. Interestingly, Kaplan–Meyer analysis shows that the expression of two USPs, USP6 and USP41, is correlated with patient survival. In vivo experiments using a preclinical OS model, finally demonstrate that PR619, a USP inhibitor able to enhance protein ubiquitination in OS cell lines, reduces primary OS tumor growth and the development of lung metastases. In this context, in vitro experiments show that PR619 decreases the viability of OS cells, mainly by inducing a caspase3/7-dependent cell apoptosis. Overall, these results demonstrate the relevance of targeting USPs in OS.
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13
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Gong Y, Wei ZR. Identification of PSMD14 as a potential novel prognosis biomarker and therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 5:e1522. [PMID: 34383385 PMCID: PMC9327663 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor. The survival rate of osteosarcoma patients has not significantly increased in the past decades. Uncovering the mechanisms of malignancy, progression, and metastasis will shed light on the development of new therapeutic targets and treatment for osteosarcoma. AIM The aim of this study is to identify potential osteosarcoma biomarker and/or therapeutic targets by using integrated bioinformatics analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS We utilized existing gene expression datasets to identify differential expressed genes (DEGs) that could serve as osteosarcoma biomarkers or even as therapeutic targets. We found 48 DEGs were overlapped in three datasets. Among these 48 DEGs, PSMD14 was on the top of the up-regulated gene list. We further found that higher PSMD14 expression was correlated with higher risk group (younger age group, ≤20.83 years of age), metastasis within 5 years and higher grade of tumor. Higher PSMD14 expression in osteosarcoma had positive correlation with higher infiltration of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils and myeloid dendritic cells. Kaplan-Myer survival data further revealed that higher expression of PSMD14 predicted significantly worse prognosis (p = .013). Gene set enrichment analysis was further performed for the DEGs related to PSMD14 in osteosarcoma. We found that lower PSMD14 expression group had more immune responses such as interferon γ, α responses, inflammation response etc. However, the higher PSMD14 expression group had more cell proliferation-related biological processes, such as G2M checkpoints and Myc targets. Through establishing protein-protein interaction networks using PSMD14 related DEGs, we identified 10 hub genes that were all ribosomal proteins. These hub genes may play roles in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis, progression and/or metastasis. CONCLUSION We identified PSMD14 gene as a possible osteosarcoma biomarker, and/or a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Jilin University First Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Zheng-Ren Wei
- Department of Pharmocology, Jilin University Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin, China
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14
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Yao F, Zhu ZF, Wen J, Zhang FY, Zhang Z, Zhu LQ, Su GH, Yuan QW, Zhen YF, Wang XD. PODN is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:381. [PMID: 34273970 PMCID: PMC8285818 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma was the most common primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents. It was imperative to identify effective prognostic biomarkers for this cancer. This study was aimed to identify potential crucial genes of osteosarcoma by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Methods Identification of differentially expressed genes from public data gene expression profiles (GSE42352), functional and pathway enrichment analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction and module analysis, Cox regression and survival analysis was conducted. Results Totally 17 co-differential genes were found to be differentially expressed. These genes were enriched in biological processes, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) pathway of inflammatory immune response. PPI network was constructed with 63 differentially expressed genes that co-existed between the test set and the validation set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC value) was 0.855, which indicated that the expression of PODN had a good diagnostic value for osteosarcoma. Furthermore, Cox regression and survival analysis revealed 5 genes were statistically significant. Conclusions PODN was regarded as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of osteosarcoma, ACTA2, COL6A1, FAP, OLFML2B and COL6A3, can be used as potential prognostic indicators for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Zhao Feng Zhu
- Clinical Pediatric School of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Clinical Pediatric School of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Fu Yong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China.,Clinical Pediatric Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Lun Qing Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Guang Hao Su
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China.,Clinical Pediatric Institute, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Quan Wen Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Yun Fang Zhen
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China
| | - Xiao Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China. .,Clinical Pediatric School of Soochow University, Su Zhou, 215025, Jiang Su, China.
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15
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Roessner A, Lohmann C, Jechorek D. Translational cell biology of highly malignant osteosarcoma. Pathol Int 2021; 71:291-303. [PMID: 33631032 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Highly malignant osteosarcoma (HMO) is the most frequent malignant bone tumor preferentially occurring in adolescents and children with a second more flat peak in patients over the age of 60. The younger patients benefit from combined neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 65-70% 5-year survival rate. In patients with metastatic HMO the 5-year survival rate is consistently poor with approximately 30%. In the last several years strategies for target therapies have been developed by using next generation sequencing (NGS) for defining targetable molecular factors. However, it has so far been challenging to establish an effective target therapy for so-called 'orphan tumors' without recognizable driver mutations, including HMO. The molecular genetic studies using NGS have shown that HMOs are genomically unstable tumors with highly complex chaotic karyotypes. Before the background of this genetic complexity more investigations should be performed in the future for defining targetable biological factors. As the prognosis could not be improved for 40 years one may expect improvements for patients only by gaining a deeper understanding of the cell and molecular biology of HMO. The cell of origin of HMO is being clarified now. The majority of studies indicate that an osteoblastic progenitor cell is probably the cell of origin of HMO and not an undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cell. This means that the established histopathological definition of HMO through verification of osteoid production by the osteoblastic cells is well justified and will probably be the cornerstone for a precise differential diagnosis of HMO also in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Roessner
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lohmann
- Department of Orthopedics, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doerthe Jechorek
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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16
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Zhang M, Yu GY, Liu G, Liu WD. Circular RNA circ_0002137 regulated the progression of osteosarcoma through regulating miR-433-3p/ IGF1R axis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:1806-1816. [PMID: 33621401 PMCID: PMC8918411 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Current clinical treatment targeting osteosarcoma (OS) are limited for OS patients with pulmonary metastasis or relapse, which led to high mortality (70%‐85%) for advanced osteosarcoma patients. Although ongoing efforts have been made to illustrate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression in OS; however, it was far for us to learn a comprehensive molecular mechanism implies in OS development. In our study, we implicated a circRNA hsa_circ_0002137, which was higher expressed in osteosarcoma tumours compared with paracancerous tissue. The dysregulated expression pattern was also found in osteosarcoma cell lines. The role of circ_0002137 was explored via down‐ or up‐regulated experiments. It was proved that down‐regulation of circ_0002137 suppressed the progress of OS, including cell invasion, cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the correlation between circ_0002137 and miR‐433‐3p was predicted using bioinformatic tools and verified utilizing RNA pull‐down assay and luciferase reporter assay. Interestingly, we found that the inhibitory effect of circ_0002137 on OS was dependent of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF1R). In conclusion, it was demonstrated that circ_0002137 could restrain the progression of OS through regulating miR‐433‐3p/IGF1R axis, providing a comprehensive landscape of circ_0002137 in the generation and development of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, The Affiliated Huaian NO. 1 people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Guang-Yang Yu
- Department of Orthopedic, The Affiliated Huaian NO. 1 people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, The Affiliated Huaian NO. 1 people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Wei-Dong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, The Affiliated Huaian NO. 1 people's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
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17
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Prognostic and Therapeutic Utility of Variably Expressed Cell Surface Receptors in Osteosarcoma. Sarcoma 2021; 2021:8324348. [PMID: 33603563 PMCID: PMC7872755 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8324348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Six cell surface receptors, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her-2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor (IR), c-Met, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), previously demonstrated variable expression across varying patient-derived and standard osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines. The current study sought to validate previous expression patterns and evaluate whether these receptors offer prognostic and/or therapeutic value. Methods Patient-derived OS cell lines (n = 52) were labeled with antibodies to Her-2, PDGFR-β, IGF-1R, IR, c-Met, and VEGFR-3. Expression was characterized using flow cytometry. The difference in geometric mean fluorescent intensity (geoMFIdiff = geoMFIpositive - geoMFInegative) was calculated for each receptor across all cell lines. Receptor expression was categorized as low (Q1), intermediate (Q2, Q3), or high (Q4). The event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival for the six cell surface receptors were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Differences in hazard for EFS event and overall survival event for patients in each of the three expression levels in each of the six cell surface receptors were assessed using the log-rank test. Results All 6 receptors were variably expressed in the majority of cell lines. IR and PDGFR-β expressions were found to be significant predictors for EFS amongst patients with nonmetastatic disease (p=0.02 and 0.01, respectively). The hazard ratio for EFS was significantly higher between high IR and intermediate IR expression (HR = 2.66, p=0.02), as well as between high PDGFR-β and intermediate PDGFR-β expression (HR = 5.68, p=0.002). Her-2, c-Met, IGF-1R, and VEGFR-3 were not found to be significant predictors for either EFS or overall survival. Conclusion The six cell surface receptors demonstrated variable expression across the majority of patient-derived OS cell lines tested. Limited prognostic value was offered by IR and PDGFR-β expression within nonmetastatic patients. The remaining receptors do not provide clear prognostic utility. Nevertheless, their consistent, albeit variable, surface expression across a large panel of patient-derived OS cell lines maintains their potential use as future therapeutic targets.
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18
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Morice S, Mullard M, Brion R, Dupuy M, Renault S, Tesfaye R, Brounais-Le Royer B, Ory B, Redini F, Verrecchia F. The YAP/TEAD Axis as a New Therapeutic Target in Osteosarcoma: Effect of Verteporfin and CA3 on Primary Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123847. [PMID: 33419295 PMCID: PMC7766439 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although some studies suggested that disruption of the Hippo signaling pathway is associated with osteosarcoma progression, the molecular mechanisms by which YAP regulates primary tumor growth is not fully clarified. In addition, the validation of YAP as a therapeutic target through the use of inhibitors in a preclinical model must be demonstrated. RNA-seq analysis and Kaplan-Meier assays identified a YAP signature in osteosarcoma patients and a correlation with patients' outcomes. Molecular and cellular analysis (RNAseq, PLA, immunoprecipitation, promoter/specific gene, proliferation, cell cycle assays) using overexpression of mutated forms of YAP able or unable to interact with TEAD, indicate that TEAD is crucial for YAP-driven cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth. In addition, in vivo experiments using an orthotopic mice model of osteosarcoma show that two YAP/TEAD inhibitors, verteporfin and CA3, reduce primary tumor growth. In this context, in vitro experiments demonstrate that these inhibitors decrease YAP expression, YAP/TEAD transcriptional activity and cell viability mainly by their ability to induce cell apoptosis. We thus demonstrate that the YAP/TEAD signaling axis is a central actor in mediating primary tumor growth of osteosarcoma, and that the use of YAP inhibitors may be a promising therapeutic strategy against osteosarcoma tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Morice
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | - Mathilde Mullard
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | | | - Maryne Dupuy
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | - Sarah Renault
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | - Robel Tesfaye
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | - Bénédicte Brounais-Le Royer
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | - Benjamin Ory
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | - Françoise Redini
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- INSERM UMR1238 “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, Nantes University, F-44035 Nantes, France; (S.M.); (M.M.); (M.D.); (S.R.); (R.T.); (B.B.-L.R.); (B.O.); (F.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-244-769-116
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19
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Osteosarcomas (OS) belong to a large family of mesenchymal tumor entities which exhibit heterogenous histological, genetic, and molecular features. Current OS treatment regimen consists of the combination of surgery and intensive multi-agent chemotherapy. Ever since the introduction of chemotherapy, 5-year survival rate among OS patients has improved to 60-75%. However, 30-35% of OS patients are associated with pulmonary metastasis and relapse, which have significantly poor prognosis, with an overall 5-year survival rate of about 20%. The fact that OS are both rare forms of cancer and highly heterogeneous may explain why patients' survival has not improved in the past three decades, especially for metastatic/relapsed and unresectable osteosarcomas. Patients who experience relapse with metastatic disease have limited therapeutic options, often receiving additional cytotoxic therapy such as ifosfamide and etoposide and/or carboplatin or gemcitabine plus docetaxel. Novel precise OS-targeted thrapies are being developed with the hope of improving metastatic/relapsed OS prognosis. This review provides an overview of the most updated targeted therapies in relapsed/metastatic osteosarcoma and dicusses some clinical options in order to improve progression-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Duffaud
- Oncology Unit, University Hospital la Timone Marseille, Marseille, France. .,Aix Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France.
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20
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[Osteoid-forming bone tumors : Morphology and current translational cell biology]. DER PATHOLOGE 2020; 41:123-133. [PMID: 32078700 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-020-00763-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma are the most important benign osteoid-forming tumors. They grow slowly and are well differentiated. Histologically, the tumor cells show no atypia and no increased mitoses. In typical cases, they can be clearly diagnosed. However, the rare cases on the dividing line between osteoblastoma and osteosarcoma are extremely problematic. In these cases, molecular genetic investigations should contribute to finding the correct diagnosis in the future.Juvenile highly malignant osteosarcoma is the most important malignant osteoid-forming tumor. About 40 years ago, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was introduced for the mostly young patients. This therapy highly significantly improved prognosis. However, a plateau phase was quickly reached and the last several decades have seen no further progress in conventional therapeutic approaches. There is no doubt that further progress can only be achieved on the basis of new molecular genetic and cell biological findings. The target-therapeutic strategies derived from these findings will be discussed in this review.The rare parosteal osteosarcoma and the even rarer periosteal osteosarcoma are mostly not highly malignant tumors that are located on the surface of bone. The parosteal osteosarcoma is usually G1 and the periosteal osteosarcoma G2. Occasionally, the differential diagnosis between a parosteal osteosarcoma and a fibrous dysplasia is difficult. In such rare cases, the detection of GNAS mutations in fibrous dysplasia can prove useful. In contrast to chondromas and chondrosarcomas, periosteal osteosarcomas do not contain IDH1 and IDH2 mutations.
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21
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Jiang S, Zhou F, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Zhu L, Zhang M, Luo J, Ma R, Xu X, Zhu J, Dong X, Zhang S, Fang J, Sun J, Yang X. Identification of tumorigenicity-associated genes in osteosarcoma cell lines based on bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation. J Cancer 2020; 11:3623-3633. [PMID: 32284759 PMCID: PMC7150450 DOI: 10.7150/jca.37393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone. Tumorigenic investigation of osteosarcoma cell lines may facilitate preclinical studies of targeted therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the tumorigenicity-associated genes in osteosarcoma cells. We found that 138 genes were highly expressed and 86 genes were lowly expressed in highly tumorigenic osteosarcoma cell lines (143B, MNNG/HOS, and SJSA-1) compared with poorly tumorigenic osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63, Saos-2, and U-2 OS). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that highly expressed genes were associated with amino acids and energy metabolism, while lowly expressed genes were associated with cell cycle and DNA replication. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that highly expressed genes were associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress response and aggrephagy, whereas lowly expressed genes were correlated with extracellular matrix assembly and DNA damage response. Further analysis identified six highly expressed genes and six lowly expressed genes. Three of highly expressed genes (DDX10, FOXA2, and HEY1) were correlated with poor prognosis, while three of lowly expressed genes (CYP26B1, GP1BB, and IFI44) showed the opposite trend in patients with osteosarcoma. Knockdown of HEY1 significantly inhibited the tumorigenicity of 143B cells in BALB/c nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.,School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Weiping Zhou
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound and Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Linghua Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Miaofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Jingfeng Luo
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Surgery, Zhejiang University Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Jiying Zhu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Shuangling Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Research, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Jihong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.,Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA
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22
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Expression of genes encoding IGF1, IGF2, and IGFBPs in blood of obese adolescents with insulin resistance. Endocr Regul 2020; 53:34-45. [PMID: 31517621 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2019-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of obesity and its metabolic complications is associated with dys-regulation of various intrinsic mechanisms, which control basic metabolic processes via changes in the expression of numerous regulatory genes. The main goal of this work was to study the association between the expression of insulin-like growth factors (IGF1 and IGF2) and IGF-binding proteins and insulin resistance in obese adolescents for evaluation of possible contribution of these genes in development of insulin resistance. METHODS The expression of IGF1, IGF2, and IGFBPs mRNA was measured in blood of obese adolescents with normal insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance in comparison with the normal (control) individuals. RESULTS In the blood of obese adolescents with normal insulin sensitivity the expression of IGFBP4, IGFBP5 and HTRA1 genes was down-regulated, but IGFBP2 and IGFBP7 genes up-regulated as compared to control (normal) group. At the same time, no significant changes in IGF1 and IGF2 gene expressions in this group of obese adolescents were found. Insulin resistance in obese adolescents led to up-regulation of IGF2, IGFBP2, and IGFBP7 gene expressions as well as to down-regulation of the expression of IGF1, IGFBP5 and HTRA1 genes in the blood in comparison with the obese patients, which have normal insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, the level of IGFBP4 gene expression was similar in both groups of obese adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Results of this investigation provide evidence that insulin resistance in obese adolescents is associated with gene specific changes in the expression of IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP2, IGFBP5, IGFBP7, and HTRA1 genes and these changes possibly contribute to the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance.
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23
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Si Z, Hu K. Identification of osteosarcoma driver genes using a network method. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:1215-1222. [PMID: 31966051 PMCID: PMC6956419 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a severe disease that is generally caused by genetic alterations. Systematic identification of driver genes may be used to increase the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the disease. The present study identified a framework to predict driver genes, with the hypothesis that driver genes operate through a number of connected functional genes. OS-related genes were extracted from the Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer and subsequently ranked by virtue of their effect on a set of functional genes using a network-based algorithm. This revealed the driver genes associated with dysregulated networks. In addition, compared with the Mutations For Functional Impact on Network Neighbors algorithm, the results obtained using the aforementioned network-based algorithm revealed that the proposed method is effective. Gene functional analysis demonstrated that the potential OS driver genes were involved in OS-associated pathways. Through the validation of the 15 candidate OS driver genes, the classifier constructed in the present study revealed that the identified driver genes were able to distinguish 184 cancer samples from controls. Therefore, the present study provided insights into the identification of driver genes from a vast amount of sequencing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebing Si
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Wujiang, Shaoguan 512026, P.R. China
| | - Konghe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Wujiang, Shaoguan 512026, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Konghe Hu, Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 133 Shaoguan Huimin South Avenue, Wujiang, Shaoguan 512026, P.R. China, E-mail:
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24
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Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Osteosarcoma: 2019 Update. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1258:141-155. [PMID: 32767239 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43085-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The primary conclusions of our 2014 contribution to this series were as follows: Multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) likely contribute to aggressive phenotypes in osteosarcoma and, therefore, inhibition of multiple RTKs is likely necessary for successful clinical outcomes. Inhibition of multiple RTKs may also be useful to overcome resistance to inhibitors of individual RTKs as well as resistance to conventional chemotherapies. Different combinations of RTKs are likely important in individual patients. AXL, EPHB2, FGFR2, IGF1R, and RET were identified as promising therapeutic targets by our in vitro phosphoproteomic/siRNA screen of 42 RTKs in the highly metastatic LM7 and 143B human osteosarcoma cell lines. This chapter is intended to provide an update on these topics as well as the large number of osteosarcoma clinical studies of inhibitors of multiple tyrosine kinases (multi-TKIs) that were recently published.
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25
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Franceschini N, Lam SW, Cleton-Jansen AM, Bovée JVMG. What's new in bone forming tumours of the skeleton? Virchows Arch 2020; 476:147-157. [PMID: 31741049 PMCID: PMC6969005 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone tumours are difficult to diagnose and treat, as they are rare and over 60 different subtypes are recognised. The emergence of next-generation sequencing has partly elucidated the molecular mechanisms behind these tumours, including the group of bone forming tumours (osteoma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma and osteosarcoma). Increased knowledge on the molecular mechanism could help to identify novel diagnostic markers and/or treatment options. Osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma are bone forming tumours without malignant potential that have overlapping morphology. They were recently shown to carry FOS and-to a lesser extent-FOSB rearrangements suggesting that these tumours are closely related. The presence of these rearrangements could help discriminate these entities from other lesions with woven bone deposition. Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone forming tumour for which different histological subtypes are recognised. High-grade osteosarcoma is the prototype of a complex karyotype tumour, and extensive research exploring its molecular background has identified phenomena like chromothripsis and kataegis and some recurrent alterations. Due to lack of specificity, this has not led to a valuable novel diagnostic marker so far. Nevertheless, these studies have also pointed towards potential targetable drivers of which the therapeutic merit remains to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasja Franceschini
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, L1-Q, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Suk Wai Lam
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, L1-Q, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, L1-Q, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, L1-Q, 2300 RC, Leiden, Netherlands.
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26
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Kuijjer ML, Hsieh PH, Quackenbush J, Glass K. lionessR: single sample network inference in R. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1003. [PMID: 31653243 PMCID: PMC6815019 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In biomedical research, network inference algorithms are typically used to infer complex association patterns between biological entities, such as between genes or proteins, using data from a population. This resulting aggregate network, in essence, averages over the networks of those individuals in the population. LIONESS (Linear Interpolation to Obtain Network Estimates for Single Samples) is a method that can be used together with a network inference algorithm to extract networks for individual samples in a population. The method's key characteristic is that, by modeling networks for individual samples in a data set, it can capture network heterogeneity in a population. LIONESS was originally made available as a function within the PANDA (Passing Attributes between Networks for Data Assimilation) regulatory network reconstruction framework. However, the LIONESS algorithm is generalizable and can be used to model single sample networks based on a wide range of network inference algorithms. RESULTS In this software article, we describe lionessR, an R implementation of LIONESS that can be applied to any network inference method in R that outputs a complete, weighted adjacency matrix. As an example, we provide a vignette of an application of lionessR to model single sample networks based on correlated gene expression in a bone cancer dataset. We show how the tool can be used to identify differential patterns of correlation between two groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS We developed lionessR, an open source R package to model single sample networks. We show how lionessR can be used to inform us on potential precision medicine applications in cancer. The lionessR package is a user-friendly tool to perform such analyses. The package, which includes a vignette describing the application, is freely available at: https://github.com/kuijjerlab/lionessR and at: http://bioconductor.org/packages/lionessR .
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke L Kuijjer
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, Oslo, 0318, Norway.
| | - Ping-Han Hsieh
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Gaustadalléen 21, Oslo, 0318, Norway
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, 02215, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, 02215, USA
| | - Kimberly Glass
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02215, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, 02215, USA
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27
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Negri GL, Grande BM, Delaidelli A, El-Naggar A, Cochrane D, Lau CC, Triche TJ, Moore RA, Jones SJ, Montpetit A, Marra MA, Malkin D, Morin RD, Sorensen PH. Integrative genomic analysis of matched primary and metastatic pediatric osteosarcoma. J Pathol 2019; 249:319-331. [PMID: 31236944 DOI: 10.1002/path.5319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite being the most common childhood bone tumor, the genomic characterization of osteosarcoma remains incomplete. In particular, very few osteosarcoma metastases have been sequenced to date, critical to better understand mechanisms of progression and evolution in this tumor. We performed an integrated whole genome and exome sequencing analysis of paired primary and metastatic pediatric osteosarcoma specimens to identify recurrent genomic alterations. Sequencing of 13 osteosarcoma patients including 13 primary, 10 metastatic, and 3 locally recurring tumors revealed a highly heterogeneous mutational landscape, including cases of hypermutation and microsatellite instability positivity, but with virtually no recurrent alterations except for mutations involving the tumor suppressor genes RB1 and TP53. At the germline level, we detected alterations in multiple cancer related genes in the majority of the cohort, including those potentially disrupting DNA damage response pathways. Metastases retained only a minimal number of short variants from their corresponding primary tumors, while copy number alterations showed higher conservation. One recurrently amplified gene, KDR, was highly expressed in advanced cases and associated with poor prognosis. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luca Negri
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bruno M Grande
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Alberto Delaidelli
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amal El-Naggar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Dawn Cochrane
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ching C Lau
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy J Triche
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard A Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven Jm Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alexandre Montpetit
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David Malkin
- Division of Haematology-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ryan D Morin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Poul H Sorensen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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28
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CDC20 and its downstream genes: potential prognosis factors of osteosarcoma. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 24:1479-1489. [PMID: 31278532 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the microarray data GSE42352 to identify genes that can be used as prognosis factors in osteosarcoma. METHODS Gene Ontology (GO) biological process analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of Cytoscape ClueGo were used in verifying the function of different genes. Realtime-PCR were used to confirm the microarray results. 83 patient samples were collected and underwent Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate analysis to predict the prospect of genes using as prognosis factors. RESULTS After analyzing the microarray data GSE42352, mitosis metaphase to anaphase-related genes CDC20, securin, cyclin A2 and cyclin B2 were found to be overexpressed in osteosarcoma cell lines. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that overexpression of these genes can predict poor prognosis outcomes in osteosarcoma patients. Furthermore, any combination of the four genes seems to be more effective in predicting osteosarcoma outcomes than any of these genes alone. CONCLUSIONS CDC20 and its downstream substracts securin, cyclin A2 and cyclin B2 are good factors that can predict prognosis outcomes in osteosarcoma. Any two combination of these four genes are more effective to be used as osteosarcoma prognosis factors.
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29
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Zhang H, Guo L, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Kang H, Song C, Liu H, Lei Z, Wang J, Mi B, Xu Q, Guan H, Li F. Co-Expression Network Analysis Identified Gene Signatures in Osteosarcoma as a Predictive Tool for Lung Metastasis and Survival. J Cancer 2019; 10:3706-3716. [PMID: 31333788 PMCID: PMC6636290 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor, whose poor prognosis is mainly due to lung metastasis. The aim of this study is to build a practical and valid diagnostic test that can predict the risk of OS metastasis and progression. We performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on GSE21257 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which contains microarray data of biopsies from OS patients. In these modules, the highest association was found between the blue module and metastasis stage (r = -0.52) by Pearson's correlation analysis. Based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression, we derived eight clinically significant genes and constructed an eight-gene signature for metastasis status. It showed great efficacy to distinguish metastasis from non-metastasis (AUC = 0.886) and the results were validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Functional enrichment analysis of hub genes showed that their biological processes focused on immune-related pathways, suggesting the important roles of immune cells, immune pathways and the tumor microenvironment in metastasis development. In conclusion, we discovered an efficient gene signature with great efficacy to distinguish metastasis status, which may help improve early diagnosis and treatment, enhancing the clinical outcomes of OS patients. Besides we created an effective protocol to seek for several hub genes in high-throughput data by combining WGCNA and LASSO Cox regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Linwei Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yunlong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Honglei Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huiyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhuowei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Baoguo Mi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, No. 76 Nanguo Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shanxi, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave., Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hanfeng Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095#, Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Riccardo F, Tarone L, Iussich S, Giacobino D, Arigoni M, Sammartano F, Morello E, Martano M, Gattino F, Maria RD, Ferrone S, Buracco P, Cavallo F. Identification of CSPG4 as a promising target for translational combinatorial approaches in osteosarcoma. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919855491. [PMID: 31217827 PMCID: PMC6557023 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919855491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a highly metastatic pediatric bone tumor. Adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection represent standard treatments; however, the prognosis is still poor. Effective strategies are urgently needed. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)4 is a transmembrane proteoglycan with a low expression in normal tissues but high expression in several solid tumors, where it plays a central tumorigenic role. Therefore, it represents a promising therapeutic target. The high homology between human and canine CSPG4 and the recognized translational power of canine tumors as preclinical models for human malignancies prompted us to evaluate CSPG4 expression and the consequences of its immune-targeting for both human and canine OSA treatment. Methods: We analyzed CSPG4 overexpression in human and canine OSA samples and its significance for the survival of OSA patients. We exploited functional in vitro experiments to assess the antitumor potential of CSPG4 immune-targeting. Results: CSPG4 is overexpressed in OSA and has possible clinical implications as suggested by an evident correlation between CSPG4 overexpression and a shorter survival for both OSA-affected humans and dogs. The potential of CSPG4 immune-targeting for OSA treatment came from the ability of anti-CSPG4 monoclonal antibodies and sera, derived from human-CSPG4-DNA vaccinated canine patients, to significantly inhibit human and canine CSPG4-positive OSA cell proliferation, migration, and osteospheres generation. Moreover, CSPG4 immune-targeting has been shown to potentiate the effect of doxorubicin. Conclusions: Overall, these results provide the rationale to investigate the CSPG4 immune-targeting as a promising weapon for the treatment of CSPG4-positive OSA canine patients, to be successfully translated to a human setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Riccardo
- University of Torino, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Centre, Via Nizza, 52, Torino, TO, 10126, Italy
| | - Lidia Tarone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Selina Iussich
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Davide Giacobino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Bioinformatics and Genomic Unit, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Morello
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Marina Martano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Francesca Gattino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Raffaella De Maria
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Buracco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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31
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Steffensen LL, Ernst EH, Amoushahi M, Ernst E, Lykke-Hartmann K. Transcripts Encoding the Androgen Receptor and IGF-Related Molecules Are Differently Expressed in Human Granulosa Cells From Primordial and Primary Follicles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:85. [PMID: 30148131 PMCID: PMC6095988 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional cross talk between granulosa cells and oocytes is known to be important in all stages of mammalian follicular development. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is a prominent candidate to be involved in the activation of primordial follicles, and may be be connected to androgen-signaling. In this study, we interrogated transcriptome dynamics in granulosa cells isolated from human primordial and primary follicles to reveal information of growth factors and androgens involved in the physiology of ovarian follicular activation. Toward this, a transcriptome comparison study on primordial follicles (n = 539 follicles) and primary follicles (n = 261 follicles) donated by three women having ovarian tissue cryopreserved before chemotherapy was performed. The granulosa cell contribution in whole follicle isolates was extracted in silico. Modeling of complex biological systems was performed using IPA® software. We found the granulosa cell compartment of the human primordial and primary follicles to be extensively enriched in genes encoding IGF-related factors, and the Androgen Receptor (AR) enriched in granulosa cells of primordial follicles. Our study hints the possibility that primordial follicles may indeed be androgen responsive, and that the action of androgens represents a connection to the expression of key players in the IGF-signaling pathway including IGF1R, IGF2, and IGFBP3, and that this interaction could be important for early follicular activation. In line with this, several androgen-responsive genes were noted to be expressed in both oocytes and granulosa cells from human primordial and primary follicle. We present a detailed description of AR and IGF gene activities in the human granulosa cell compartment of primordial and primary follicles, suggesting that these cells may be or prepare to be responsive toward androgens and IGFs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emil H Ernst
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Erik Ernst
- The Fertility Clinic, Horsens Hospital, Horsens, Denmark.,The Fertility Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karin Lykke-Hartmann
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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32
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Mancarella C, Scotlandi K. IGF system in sarcomas: a crucial pathway with many unknowns to exploit for therapy. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 61:T45-T60. [PMID: 29273680 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has gained substantial interest due to its involvement in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and survival during anoikis and after conventional and targeted therapies. However, results from clinical trials have been largely disappointing, with only a few but notable exceptions, such as trials targeting sarcomas, especially Ewing sarcoma. This review highlights key studies focusing on IGF signaling in sarcomas, specifically studies underscoring the properties that make this system an attractive therapeutic target and identifies new relationships that may be exploited. This review discusses the potential roles of IGF2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs), discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) and metalloproteinase pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in regulating the IGF system. Deeper investigation of these novel regulators of the IGF system may help us to further elucidate the spatial and temporal control of the IGF axis, as understanding the control of this axis is essential for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Mancarella
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Experimental Oncology Lab, CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
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33
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Koster R, Panagiotou OA, Wheeler WA, Karlins E, Gastier-Foster JM, de Toledo SRC, Petrilli AS, Flanagan AM, Tirabosco R, Andrulis IL, Wunder JS, Gokgoz N, Patiño-Garcia A, Lecanda F, Serra M, Hattinger C, Picci P, Scotlandi K, Thomas DM, Ballinger ML, Gorlick R, Barkauskas DA, Spector LG, Tucker M, Hicks BD, Yeager M, Hoover RN, Wacholder S, Chanock SJ, Savage SA, Mirabello L. Genome-wide association study identifies the GLDC/IL33 locus associated with survival of osteosarcoma patients. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:1594-1601. [PMID: 29210060 PMCID: PMC5814322 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Survival rates for osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone cancer, have changed little over the past three decades and are particularly low for patients with metastatic disease. We conducted a multi-institutional genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify germline genetic variants associated with overall survival in 632 patients with osteosarcoma, including 523 patients of European ancestry and 109 from Brazil. We conducted a time-to-event analysis and estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox proportional hazards models, with and without adjustment for metastatic disease. The results were combined across the European and Brazilian case sets using a random-effects meta-analysis. The strongest association after meta-analysis was for rs3765555 at 9p24.1, which was inversely associated with overall survival (HR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.41-2.18, p = 4.84 × 10-7 ). After imputation across this region, the combined analysis identified two SNPs that reached genome-wide significance. The strongest single association was with rs55933544 (HR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.5-2.4; p = 1.3 × 10-8 ), which localizes to the GLDC gene, adjacent to the IL33 gene and was consistent across both the European and Brazilian case sets. Using publicly available data, the risk allele was associated with lower expression of IL33 and low expression of IL33 was associated with poor survival in an independent set of patients with osteosarcoma. In conclusion, we have identified the GLDC/IL33 locus on chromosome 9p24.1 as associated with overall survival in patients with osteosarcoma. Further studies are needed to confirm this association and shed light on the biological underpinnings of this susceptibility locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roelof Koster
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Orestis A. Panagiotou
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Eric Karlins
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Julie M. Gastier-Foster
- Nationwide Children’s Hospital, and The Ohio State University Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Antonio S. Petrilli
- Laboratorio de Genética, Pediatric Oncology Institute, GRAACC/UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adrienne M. Flanagan
- UCL Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London, UK
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, UK
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay S. Wunder
- Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nalan Gokgoz
- Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Massimo Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - David M. Thomas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Mandy L. Ballinger
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donald A. Barkauskas
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Logan G. Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Margaret Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Belynda D. Hicks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Robert N. Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sholom Wacholder
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharon A. Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Murakami T, Singh AS, Kiyuna T, Dry SM, Li Y, James AW, Igarashi K, Kawaguchi K, DeLong JC, Zhang Y, Hiroshima Y, Russell T, Eckardt MA, Yanagawa J, Federman N, Matsuyama R, Chishima T, Tanaka K, Bouvet M, Endo I, Eilber FC, Hoffman RM. Effective molecular targeting of CDK4/6 and IGF-1R in a rare FUS-ERG fusion CDKN2A-deletion doxorubicin-resistant Ewing's sarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) nude-mouse model. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47556-47564. [PMID: 27286459 PMCID: PMC5216960 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma is a rare and aggressive malignancy. In the present study, tumor from a patient with a Ewing's sarcoma with cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B (CDKN2A/B) loss and FUS-ERG fusion was implanted in the right chest wall of nude mice to establish a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) model. The aim of the present study was to determine efficacy of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitors on the Ewing's sarcoma PDOX. The PDOX models were randomized into the following groups when tumor volume reached 50 mm3: G1, untreated control; G2, doxorubicin (DOX) (intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, weekly, for 2 weeks); G3, CDK4/6 inhibitor (palbociclib, PD0332991, per oral (p.o.), daily, for 14 days); G4, IGF-1R inhibitor (linsitinib, OSI-906, p.o., daily, for 14 days). Tumor growth was significantly suppressed both in G3 (palbociclib) and in G4 (linsitinib) compared to G1 (untreated control) at all measured time points. In contrast, DOX did not inhibit tumor growth at any time point, which is consistent with the failure of DOX to control tumor growth in the patient. The results of the present study demonstrate the power of the PDOX model to identify effective targeted molecular therapy of a recalcitrant DOX-resistant Ewing's sarcoma with specific genetic alterations. The results of this study suggest the potential of PDOX models for individually-tailored, effective targeted therapy for recalcitrant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Murakami
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Arun S Singh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Sarah M Dry
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron W James
- Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Yukihiko Hiroshima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tara Russell
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark A Eckardt
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jane Yanagawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noah Federman
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ryusei Matsuyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Chishima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kuniya Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Fritz C Eilber
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Sarcoma Program, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,UCLA Sarcoma Program, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,PDOX Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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35
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IWR-1, a tankyrase inhibitor, attenuates Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer stem-like cells and inhibits in vivo the growth of a subcutaneous human osteosarcoma xenograft. Cancer Lett 2018; 414:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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36
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Kumar AS, Rayala SK, Venkatraman G. Targeting IGF1R pathway in cancer with microRNAs: How close are we? RNA Biol 2018; 15:320-326. [PMID: 28613101 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1338240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the head and neck are the most common cancers in India and account for 30% of all cancers. At molecular level, it could be attributed to the overexpression of growth factors like IGF1-R, EGFR, VEGF-R and deregulation of cell cycle regulators and tumor suppressors. IGF1-R is an emerging target in head and neck cancer treatment, because of its reported role in tumor development, progression and metastasis. IGF1R targeted agents are in advanced stages of clinical development. Nevertheless, these agents suffer from several disadvantages including acquired resistance and toxic side effects. Hence there is a need for developing newer agents targeting not only the receptor but also its downstream signaling. miRNAs are considered as master regulators of gene expression of multiple genes and has been widely reported to be a promising therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the present status of research in both these arenas and emphasizes the role of miRNA as a promising agent for biologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arathy S Kumar
- a Department of Biotechnology , Indian Institute of Technology, Madras (IIT M) , Chennai , India
| | - Suresh K Rayala
- a Department of Biotechnology , Indian Institute of Technology, Madras (IIT M) , Chennai , India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- b Department of Human Genetics , College of Biomedical Sciences, Technology & Research, Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai , India
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37
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Davaadelger B, Duan L, Perez RE, Gitelis S, Maki CG. Crosstalk between the IGF-1R/AKT/mTORC1 pathway and the tumor suppressors p53 and p27 determines cisplatin sensitivity and limits the effectiveness of an IGF-1R pathway inhibitor. Oncotarget 2018; 7:27511-26. [PMID: 27050276 PMCID: PMC5053668 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathway is aberrantly activated in multiple cancers and can promote proliferation and chemotherapy resistance. Multiple IGF-1R inhibitors have been developed as potential therapeutics. However, these inhibitors have failed to increase patient survival when given alone or in combination with chemotherapy agents. The reason(s) for the disappointing clinical effect of these inhibitors is not fully understood. Cisplatin (CP) activated the IGF-1R/AKT/mTORC1 pathway and stabilized p53 in osteosarcoma (OS) cells. p53 knockdown reduced IGF-1R/AKT/mTORC1 activation by CP, and IGF-1R inhibition reduced the accumulation of p53. These data demonstrate positive crosstalk between p53 and the IGF-1R/AKT/mTORC1 pathway in response to CP. Further studies showed the effect of IGF-1R inhibition on CP response is dependent on p53 status. In p53 wild-type cells treated with CP, IGF-1R inhibition increased p53s apoptotic function but reduced p53-dependent senescence, and had no effect on long term survival. In contrast, in p53-null/knockdown cells, IGF-1R inhibition reduced apoptosis in response to CP and increased long term survival. These effects were due to p27 since IGF-1R inhibition stabilized p27 in CP-treated cells, and p27 depletion restored apoptosis and reduced long term survival. Together, the results demonstrate 1) p53 expression determines the effect of IGF-1R inhibition on cancer cell CP response, and 2) crosstalk between the IGF-1R/AKT/mTORC1 pathway and p53 and p27 can reduce cancer cell responsiveness to chemotherapy and may ultimately limit the effectiveness of IGF-1R pathway inhibitors in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batzaya Davaadelger
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Duan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ricardo E Perez
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven Gitelis
- Section of Orthopedic Oncology, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University, Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carl G Maki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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38
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Peng C, Yang Q, Wei B, Yuan B, Liu Y, Li Y, Gu D, Yin G, Wang B, Xu D, Zhang X, Kong D. Investigation of crucial genes and microRNAs in conventional osteosarcoma using gene expression profiling analysis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7617-7624. [PMID: 28944822 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to screen potential genes associated with conventional osteosarcoma (OS) and obtain further information on the pathogenesis of this disease. The microarray dataset GSE14359 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. A total of 10 conventional OS samples and two non‑neoplastic primary osteoblast samples in the dataset were selected to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the Linear Models for Microarray Data package. The potential functions of the DEGs were predicted using Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses. Protein‑protein interaction (PPI) data were also obtained using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database, and the PPI network was visualized using Cytoscape. Module analysis was then performed using the Molecular Complex Detection module. Additionally, the potential microRNAs (miRNAs) for the upregulated DEGs in the most significant pathway were predicted using the miRDB database, and the regulatory network for the miRNAs‑DEGs was visualized in Cytoscape. In total, 317 upregulated and 670 downregulated DEGs were screened. Certain DEGs, including cyclin‑dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1) and BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine‑protein kinase (BUB1), were significantly enriched in the cell cycle phase and oocyte meiosis pathway. DEGs, including replication factor C subunit 2 (RFC2), RFC3, RFC4 and RFC5, were significantly enriched in DNA replication and interacted with each other. RFC4 also interacted with other DEGs, including CDK1, MAD2L1, NDC80 kinetochore complex and BUB1. In addition, RFC4, RFC3 and RFC5 were targeted by miRNA (miR)‑802, miR‑224‑3p and miR‑522‑3p. The DEGs encoding RFC may be important for the development of conventional OS, and their expression may be regulated by a number of miRNAs, including miR‑802, miR‑224‑3p and miR‑522‑3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangang Peng
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Baoming Yuan
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jilin Oilfield General Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 131200, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jilin Oilfield General Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 131200, P.R. China
| | - Dawer Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jilin Oilfield General Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 131200, P.R. China
| | - Guochao Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jilin Oilfield General Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 131200, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jilin Oilfield General Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 131200, P.R. China
| | - Dehui Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jilin Oilfield General Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 131200, P.R. China
| | - Xuebing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jilin Oilfield General Hospital, Songyuan, Jilin 131200, P.R. China
| | - Daliang Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, China‑Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Behjati S, Tarpey PS, Haase K, Ye H, Young MD, Alexandrov LB, Farndon SJ, Collord G, Wedge DC, Martincorena I, Cooke SL, Davies H, Mifsud W, Lidgren M, Martin S, Latimer C, Maddison M, Butler AP, Teague JW, Pillay N, Shlien A, McDermott U, Futreal PA, Baumhoer D, Zaikova O, Bjerkehagen B, Myklebost O, Amary MF, Tirabosco R, Van Loo P, Stratton MR, Flanagan AM, Campbell PJ. Recurrent mutation of IGF signalling genes and distinct patterns of genomic rearrangement in osteosarcoma. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15936. [PMID: 28643781 PMCID: PMC5490007 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignancy of bone that affects children and adults. Here, we present the largest sequencing study of osteosarcoma to date, comprising 112 childhood and adult tumours encompassing all major histological subtypes. A key finding of our study is the identification of mutations in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling genes in 8/112 (7%) of cases. We validate this observation using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in an additional 87 osteosarcomas, with IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) amplification observed in 14% of tumours. These findings may inform patient selection in future trials of IGF1R inhibitors in osteosarcoma. Analysing patterns of mutation, we identify distinct rearrangement profiles including a process characterized by chromothripsis and amplification. This process operates recurrently at discrete genomic regions and generates driver mutations. It may represent an age-independent mutational mechanism that contributes to the development of osteosarcoma in children and adults alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Behjati
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Corpus Christi College, Cambridge CB2 1RH, UK
| | - Patrick S. Tarpey
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Hongtao Ye
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Matthew D. Young
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ludmil B. Alexandrov
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Sarah J. Farndon
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Grace Collord
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - David C. Wedge
- Oxford Big Data Institute and Oxford Centre for Cancer Gene Research, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Inigo Martincorena
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Susanna L. Cooke
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Helen Davies
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - William Mifsud
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mathias Lidgren
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sancha Martin
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Calli Latimer
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Mark Maddison
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Adam P. Butler
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jon W. Teague
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Nischalan Pillay
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adam Shlien
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Ultan McDermott
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumour Reference Centre, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ola Myklebost
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0379, Norway
- University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - M. Fernanda Amary
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Michael R. Stratton
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Adrienne M. Flanagan
- Department of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
- University College London Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Peter J. Campbell
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
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Techavichit P, Gao Y, Kurenbekova L, Shuck R, Donehower LA, Yustein JT. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 (sFRP2) promotes osteosarcoma invasion and metastatic potential. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:869. [PMID: 27821163 PMCID: PMC5100268 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2909-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS), which has a high potential for developing metastatic disease, is the most frequent malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Molecular analysis of a metastatic genetically engineered mouse model of osteosarcoma identified enhanced expression of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 (sFRP2), a putative regulator of Wnt signaling within metastatic tumors. Subsequent analysis correlated increased expression in the human disease, and within highly metastatic OS cells. However, the role of sFRP2 in osteosarcoma development and progression has not been well elucidated. Methods Studies using stable gain or loss-of-function alterations of sFRP2 within human and mouse OS cells were performed to assess changes in cell proliferation, migration, and invasive ability in vitro, via both transwell and 3D matrigel assays. In additional, xenograft studies using overexpression of sFRP2 were used to assess effects on in vivo metastatic potential. Results Functional studies revealed stable overexpression of sFRP2 within localized human and mouse OS cells significantly increased cell migration and invasive ability in vitro and enhanced metastatic potential in vivo. Additional studies exploiting knockdown of sFRP2 within metastatic human and mouse OS cells demonstrated decreased cell migration and invasion ability in vitro, thus corroborating a critical biological phenotype carried out by sFRP2. Interestingly, alterations in sFRP2 expression did not alter OS proliferation rates or primary tumor development. Conclusions While future studies further investigating the molecular mechanisms contributing towards this sFRP2-dependent phenotype are needed, our studies clearly provide evidence that aberrant expression of sFRP2 can contribute to the invasive and metastatic potential for osteosarcoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2909-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piti Techavichit
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology, Bumrungrad Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yang Gao
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lyazat Kurenbekova
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ryan Shuck
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lawrence A Donehower
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Integrative Molecular and Biological Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jason T Yustein
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Integrative Molecular and Biological Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Peterse EFP, Cleven AHG, De Jong Y, Briaire-de Bruijn I, Fletcher JA, Danen EHJ, Cleton-Jansen AM, Bovée JVMG. No preclinical rationale for IGF1R directed therapy in chondrosarcoma of bone. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:475. [PMID: 27418340 PMCID: PMC4946092 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilage forming bone tumour for which no effective systemic treatment is available. Previous studies illustrate the need for a better understanding of the role of the IGF pathway in chondrosarcoma to determine if it can be a target for therapy, which was therefore explored in this study. Methods Expression of mediators of IGF1R signalling and phosphorylation status of IRS1 was determined in chondrosarcoma cell lines by qRT-PCR and western blot. The effect of activation and inhibition of IGF1R signalling on downstream targets was assessed by western blot. Ten chondrosarcoma cell lines were treated with OSI-906 (IGF1R and IR dual inhibitor) after which cell proliferation and migration were determined by a viability assay and the xCELLigence system, respectively. In addition, four chondrosarcoma cell lines were treated with a combination of doxorubicin and OSI-906. By immunohistochemistry, IGF1R expression levels were determined in tissue microarrays of 187 cartilage tumours and ten paraffin embedded cell lines. Results Mediators of IGF1R signalling are heterogeneously expressed and phosphorylated IRS1 was detected in 67 % of the tested chondrosarcoma cell lines, suggesting that IGF1R signalling is active in a subset of chondrosarcoma cell lines. In the cell lines with phosphorylated IRS1, inhibition of IGF1R signalling decreased phosphorylated Akt levels and increased IGF1R expression, but it did not influence MAPK or S6 activity. In line with these findings, treatment with IGF1R/IR inhibitors did not impact proliferation or migration in any of the chondrosarcoma cell lines, even upon stimulation with IGF1. Although synergistic effects of IGF1R/IR inhibition with doxorubicin are described for other cancers, our results demonstrate that this was not the case for chondrosarcoma. In addition, we found minimal IGF1R expression in primary tumours in contrast to the high expression detected in chondrosarcoma cell lines, even if both were derived from the same tumour, suggesting that in vitro culturing upregulates IGF1R expression. Conclusions The results from this study indicate that the IGF pathway is not essential for chondrosarcoma growth, migration or chemoresistance. Furthermore, IGF1R is only minimally expressed in chondrosarcoma primary tumours. Therefore, the IGF pathway is not expected to be an effective therapeutic target for chondrosarcoma of bone. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2522-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arjen H G Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne De Jong
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jonathan A Fletcher
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erik H J Danen
- Division of Toxicology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Minchenko OH, Kharkova AP, Minchenko DO, Karbovskyi LL. Expression of IGFBP6, IGFBP7, NOV, CYR61, WISP1 and WISP2 genes in U87 glioma cells in glutamine deprivation condition. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2016; 88:66-77. [PMID: 29235329 DOI: 10.15407/ubj88.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied gene expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in U87 glioma cells upon glutamine deprivation depending on the inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme-1), a central mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress. We have shown that exposure of control glioma cells upon glutamine deprivation leads to down-regulation of NOV/IGFBP9, WISP1 and WISP2 gene expressions and up-regulation of CYR61/IGFBP10 gene expression at the mRNA level. At the same time, the expression of IGFBP6 and IGFBP7 genes in control glioma cells was resistant to glutamine deprivation. It was also shown that the inhibition of IRE1 modifies the effect of glutamine deprivation on the expression of all studied genes. Thus, the inhibition of IRE1 signaling enzyme enhances the effect of glutamine deprivation on the expression of CYR61 and WISP1 genes and suppresses effect of the deprivation on WISP2 gene expression in glioma cells. Moreover, the inhibition of IRE1 introduces sensitivity of the expression of IGFBP6 and IGFBP7 genes to glutamine deprivation and removes this sensitivity to NOV gene. We have also demonstrated that the expression of all studied genes in glioma cells growing with glutamine is regulated by IRE1 signaling enzyme, because the inhibition of IRE1 significantly down-regulates IGFBP6 and NOV genes and up-regulates IGFBP7, CYR61, WISP1, and WISP2 genes as compared to control glioma cells. The present study demonstrates that glutamine deprivation condition affects most studied IGFBP and WISP gene expressions in relation to IRE1 signaling enzyme function and possibly contributes to slower glioma cell proliferation upon inhibition of IRE1.
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Shaikh AB, Li F, Li M, He B, He X, Chen G, Guo B, Li D, Jiang F, Dang L, Zheng S, Liang C, Liu J, Lu C, Liu B, Lu J, Wang L, Lu A, Zhang G. Present Advances and Future Perspectives of Molecular Targeted Therapy for Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:506. [PMID: 27058531 PMCID: PMC4848962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a bone cancer mostly occurring in pediatric population. Current treatment regime of surgery and intensive chemotherapy could cure about 60%-75% patients with primary osteosarcoma, however only 15% to 30% can be cured when pulmonary metastasis or relapse has taken place. Hence, novel precise OS-targeting therapies are being developed with the hope of addressing this issue. This review summarizes the current development of molecular mechanisms and targets for osteosarcoma. Therapies that target these mechanisms with updated information on clinical trials are also reviewed. Meanwhile, we further discuss novel therapeutic targets and OS-targeting drug delivery systems. In conclusion, a full insight in OS pathogenesis and OS-targeting strategies would help us explore novel targeted therapies for metastatic osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atik Badshah Shaikh
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Fangfei Li
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518100, China.
| | - Bing He
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Guofen Chen
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Baosheng Guo
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Defang Li
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Feng Jiang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Lei Dang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Shaowei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou 516000, China.
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Biao Liu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Jun Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Luyao Wang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Peterse EFP, Bovée JVMG. CORR Insights(®): Transcriptional Profiling Identifies the Signaling Axes of IGF and Transforming Growth Factor-β as Involved in the Pathogenesis of Osteosarcoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2016; 474:190-2. [PMID: 26563243 PMCID: PMC4686491 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-015-4620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth F P Peterse
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovée
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Transcriptional Profiling Identifies the Signaling Axes of IGF and Transforming Growth Factor-b as Involved in the Pathogenesis of Osteosarcoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2016; 474:178-89. [PMID: 26463566 PMCID: PMC4686509 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-015-4578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor in adolescents associated with skeletal development. The molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma has not been completely determined, although many molecular alterations have been found in human osteosarcomas and cell lines. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We questioned whether (1) we could identify gene expression in osteosarcoma specimens that differs from normal osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells and (2) this would provide clues to the molecular pathogenesis of osteosarcoma? METHODS The whole-genome transcriptional profiles of osteosarcomas, including two primary biopsy specimens, two cell lines, two xenografts derived from patient specimens, and one from normal osteoblasts and from mesenchymal stem cells, respectively, were quantitatively measured using serial analysis of gene expression. A statistical enrichment was performed, which selects the common genes altered in each of the osteosarcomas compared with each of the normal counterparts independently. RESULTS Sixty (92%) of 65 total genes that were at least twofold downregulated in osteosarcoma compared with osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells, could be classified in four categories: (1) seven genes in the insulin–like growth factor (IGF) signaling axis, including three of the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) and three of the IGFBPrelated proteins (IGFBPrP); (2) eight genes in the transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling cascade; (3) 39 genes encoding cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix proteins that are regulated by TGF-b/BMPs; and (4) six genes involved in cell cycle regulation, including tumor suppressors TP63 and p21. CONCLUSIONS Based on these transcriptional profiles, a coordinated theme of clustered gene deregulation in osteosarcoma has emerged. Cell proliferation driven by the IGF axes during bone growth is unrestrained owing to downregulation of IGFBPs and cell cycle regulators. Tumor cells may be maintained in an undifferentiated state secondary to impaired TGF-b/BMP signaling. This wellpreserved pattern suggests that the alterations in the signaling axes of IGF-1 and TGF-b, in concert with cell cycle regulators, may be an important pathogenic basis of osteosarcoma. CLINIC RELEVANCE: This study provides a possible molecular basis of pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. This may help to develop new therapeutic targets and strategy for this disease. Preclinical and subsequently clinical testing of inhibitors of the IGF-1 and TGF pathways would be warranted.
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Effect of hypoxia on the expression of genes that encode some IGFBP and CCN proteins in U87 glioma cells depends on IRE1 signaling. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2015; 87:52-63. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj87.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 391] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
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48
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Rabinovich S, Adler L, Yizhak K, Sarver A, Silberman A, Agron S, Stettner N, Sun Q, Brandis A, Helbling D, Korman S, Itzkovitz S, Dimmock D, Ulitsky I, Nagamani SC, Ruppin E, Erez A. Diversion of aspartate in ASS1-deficient tumours fosters de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Nature 2015; 527:379-383. [PMID: 26560030 PMCID: PMC4655447 DOI: 10.1038/nature15529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Rabinovich
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lital Adler
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Keren Yizhak
- The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv
| | - Alona Sarver
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Silberman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shani Agron
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Stettner
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Qin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Daniel Helbling
- Human and Molecular Genetic and Biochemistry center, Medical College Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Stanley Korman
- Genetic and Metabolic Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shalev Itzkovitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - David Dimmock
- Human and Molecular Genetic and Biochemistry center, Medical College Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sandesh Cs Nagamani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv.,The Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv.,Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology & Dept. of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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49
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Fleuren EDG, Hillebrandt-Roeffen MHS, Flucke UE, Te Loo DMWM, Boerman OC, van der Graaf WTA, Versleijen-Jonkers YMH. The role of AXL and the in vitro activity of the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor BGB324 in Ewing sarcoma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12753-68. [PMID: 25528764 PMCID: PMC4350331 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
New targets for Ewing sarcoma (ES) patients are urgently needed. Therefore, we investigated the expression and genetic aberrations of the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL in ES and determined the efficacy of AXL targeting on cell viability and migration. First, AXL and Gas6 (ligand) mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR on 29 ES samples. Low, medium and high AXL mRNA expression was observed in 31% (n = 9), 48% (n = 14) and 21% (n = 6) of samples. Gas6 was abundantly present in all specimens. We next tested AXL protein expression immunohistochemically in 36 tumors (primary, post-chemotherapy, metastasized and relapsed samples) from 25 ES patients. Low, medium and high AXL protein expression was observed in 17% (n = 6), 19% (n = 7) and 36% (n = 13) of samples. In primary tumors (n = 15), high AXL expression correlated significantly with a worse overall survival compared to patients with lower expression (61 vs. 194 months, p = 0.026). No genetic aberrations were detected in the AXL RTK domain (n = 29). The AXL-inhibitor BGB324 affected viability (IC50 0.79-2.13 μmol/L) and migratory potential of all tested ES cell lines in vitro (n = 5-6). BGB324 chemosensitized chemotherapy-resistant ES-4 cells to vincristine and doxorubicin. These data suggest that AXL is a potential novel, druggable therapeutic target in ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy D G Fleuren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Uta E Flucke
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - D Maroeska W M Te Loo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Otto C Boerman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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50
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FOXO1 inhibits osteosarcoma oncogenesis via Wnt/β-catenin pathway suppression. Oncogenesis 2015; 4:e166. [PMID: 26344693 PMCID: PMC4767937 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2015.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have highlighted profound roles of FOXO transcription factors, especially FOXO1, in bone development and remodeling. The regulation of bone development by FOXOs seems to be stage-specific or context dependent. FOXOs promote maintenance and differentiation of early progenitors of the osteoblast lineage and repress proliferation of committed osteoblast precursors; FOXO1 is vital for osteocyte survival. Considering the versatile roles played by FOXOs in bone development and tumorigenesis, it is plausible that FOXO1, the main FOXO in bone with a non-redundant role, might have influence on osteosarcoma (OS) oncogenesis. Indeed, recent results have implicated that FOXO1 has a tumor-suppressing role in OS. In the present study, we found that FOXO1 expression was generally low or absent in OS, with a minority of cases having moderate expression. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that the FOXO1 locus was frequently involved in copy number variation and loss of heterozygosity in OS, indicating that chromosomal aberrations might be partially responsible for the heterogeneity in FOXO1 expression. FOXO1 activation in OS cell lines inhibited cancer cell survival, which can be attributed to modulation of target genes, including BIM and repressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling. FOXO1 inhibition promoted cell proliferation, enhanced colony formation and attenuated osteogenic differentiation of OS cell lines. To conclude, our results proved FOXO1 as a tumor suppressor in OS at least partially by suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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