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Yang M, Su X, Yang J, Lu Z, Zhou J, Wang F, Liu Y, Ma L, Zhai C. A Whole-Process Visible Strategy for the Preparation of Rhizomucor miehei Lipase with Escherichia coli Secretion Expression System and the Immobilization. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:155. [PMID: 38802857 PMCID: PMC11129466 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02432-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizomucor miehei (RM) lipase is a regioselective lipase widely used in food, pharmaceutical and biofuel industries. However, the high cost and low purity of the commercial RM lipase limit its industrial applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop cost-effective strategies for large-scale preparation of this lipase. The present study explored the high-level expression of RM lipase using superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP)-mediated Escherichia coli secretion system. RESULTS The sfGFP(-15) mutant was fused to the C-terminus of RM lipase to mediate its secretion expression. The yield of the fusion protein reached approximately 5.1 g/L with high-density fermentation in 5-L fermentors. Unlike conventional secretion expression methods, only a small portion of the target protein was secreted into the cell culture while majority of the fusion protein was still remained in the cytoplasm. However, in contrast to intracellular expression, the target protein in the cytoplasm could be transported efficiently to the supernatant through a simple washing step with equal volume of phosphate saline (PBS), without causing cell disruption. Hence, the approach facilitated the downstream purification step of the recombinant RM lipase. Moreover, contamination or decline of the engineered strain and degradation or deactivation of the target enzyme can be detected efficiently because they exhibited bright green fluorescence. Next, the target protein was immobilized with anion-exchange and macropore resins. Diethylaminoethyl sepharose (DEAE), a weak-basic anion-exchange resin, exhibited the highest bind capacity but inhibited the activity of RM lipase dramatically. On the contrary, RM lipase fixed with macropore resin D101 demonstrated the highest specific activity. Although immobilization with D101 didn't improve the activity of the enzyme, the thermostability of the immobilized enzyme elevated significantly. The immobilized RM lipase retained approximately 90% of its activity after 3-h incubation at 80 °C. Therefore, D101 was chosen as the supporting material of the target protein. CONCLUSION The present study established a highly efficient strategy for large-scale preparation of RM lipase. This innovative technique not only provides high-purity RM lipase at a low cost but also has great potential as a platform for the preparation of lipases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
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Zou C, Lu L, Wang S, Zhang C, Chen X, Lin Y, Huang Y. The α-mating factor secretion signals and endogenous signal peptides for recombinant protein secretion in Komagataella phaffii. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:140. [PMID: 36527112 PMCID: PMC9756452 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The budding yeast Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) is widely employed to secrete proteins of academic and industrial interest. For secretory proteins, signal peptides are the sorting signal to direct proteins from cytosol to extracellular matrix, and their secretion efficiency directly impacts the yields of the targeted proteins in fermentation broth. Although the α-mating factor (MF) secretion signal from S. cerevisiae, the most common and widely used signal sequence for protein secretion, works in most cases, limitation exists as some proteins cannot be secreted efficiently. As the optimal choice of secretion signals is often protein specific, more secretion signals need to be developed to augment protein expression levels in K. phaffii. RESULTS In this study, the secretion efficiency of 40 α-MF secretion signals from various yeast species and 32 endogenous signal peptides from K. phaffii were investigated using enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as the model protein. All of the evaluated α-MF secretion signals successfully directed EGFP secretion except for the secretion signals of the yeast D. hansenii CBS767 and H. opuntiae. The secretion efficiency of α-MF secretion signal from Wickerhamomyces ciferrii was higher than that from S. cerevisiae. 24 out of 32 endogenous signal peptides successfully mediated EGFP secretion. The signal peptides of chr3_1145 and FragB_0048 had similar efficiency to S. cerevisiae α-MF secretion signal for EGFP secretion and expression. CONCLUSIONS The screened α-MF secretion signals and endogenous signal peptides in this study confer an abundance of signal peptide selection for efficient secretion and expression of heterologous proteins in K. phaffii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenwei Zou
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 China
| | - Lingfang Lu
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 China
| | - Shengyan Wang
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 China
| | - Chenshan Zhang
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 China
| | - Xuequn Chen
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Lin
- grid.411504.50000 0004 1790 1622Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian People’s Republic of China
| | - Yide Huang
- grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 China ,grid.411503.20000 0000 9271 2478Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007 China
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Rodríguez Mejía Y, Romero Romero F, Basavanag Unnamatla MV, Ballesteros Rivas MF, Varela Guerrero V. Metal-Organic Frameworks as bio- and heterogeneous catalyst supports for biodiesel production. REV INORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2022-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
As biodiesel (BD)/Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters (FAAE) is derived from vegetable oils and animal fats, it is a cost-effective alternative fuel that could complement diesel. The BD is processed from different catalytic routes of esterification and transesterification through homogeneous (alkaline and acid), heterogeneous and enzymatic catalysis. However, heterogeneous catalysts and biocatalysts play an essential role towards a sustainable alternative to homogeneous catalysts applied in biodiesel production. The main drawback is the supporting material. To overcome this, currently, Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have gained significant interest as supports for catalysts due to their extremely high surface area and numerous binding sites. This review focuses on the advantages of using various MOFs structures as supports for heterogeneous catalysts and biocatalysts for the eco-friendly biodiesel production process. The characteristics of these materials and their fabrication synthesis are briefly discussed. Moreover, we address in a general way basic items ranging from biodiesel synthesis to applied catalysts, giving great importance to the enzymatic part, mainly to the catalytic mechanism in esterification/transesterification reactions. We provide a summary with recommendations based on the limiting factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetzin Rodríguez Mejía
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química , Paseo Colón esq. Paseo Tollocan s/n, 50120 , Toluca , Estado de México , CP 50120 , México
| | - Fernando Romero Romero
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química , Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca Km. 15, Unidad el Cerrillo , Toluca , Estado de México , 50200 , México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM , Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5 , Toluca , Estado de México , 50200 , México
| | - Murali Venkata Basavanag Unnamatla
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química , Paseo Colón esq. Paseo Tollocan s/n, 50120 , Toluca , Estado de México , CP 50120 , México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM , Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5 , Toluca , Estado de México , 50200 , México
| | - Maria Fernanda Ballesteros Rivas
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química , Paseo Colón esq. Paseo Tollocan s/n, 50120 , Toluca , Estado de México , CP 50120 , México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM , Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5 , Toluca , Estado de México , 50200 , México
| | - Victor Varela Guerrero
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Facultad de Química , Paseo Colón esq. Paseo Tollocan s/n, 50120 , Toluca , Estado de México , CP 50120 , México
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM , Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5 , Toluca , Estado de México , 50200 , México
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4
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Zhang M, Wang H, Chen F. Time-resolved transcriptome analysis of Scenedesmus obliquus HTB1 under 10% CO 2 condition. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:448-462. [PMID: 35914242 PMCID: PMC9871529 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain microalgal species can grow under high CO2 concentrations providing potential for mitigating CO2 pollution in flue gas produced by power plants. Microalga Scenedesmus obliquus strain HTB1 was isolated from the Chesapeake Bay and grow rapidly in a high level of CO2 . However, little is known about the molecular responses of HTB1 to high CO2 levels. Here, we investigated how HTB1 responds to 10% CO2 using the time-resolved transcriptome analysis. Gene expression profiles indicated that HTB1 responds quickly (in 2 h) and becomes adaptive within 12 h when exposed to 10% CO2 . Interestingly, certain genes of light-harvesting, chlorophyll synthesis and carbon fixation (i.e. rbcS) were up-regulated at 10% CO2 , and these functional responses are consistent with the increased photosynthesis efficiency and algal biomass under 10% CO2 . Nitrate assimilation was strongly enhanced, with amino acid biosynthesis and aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis genes being markedly up-regulated, indicating that HTB1 actively takes up nitrogen and accelerates protein synthesis at 10% CO2 . Carbon metabolism including fatty acid biosynthesis and TCA cycle was enhanced at 10% CO2 , supporting the earlier observation of increased lipid content of Scenedesmus sp. under high CO2 levels. Interestingly, key genes like RuBisCO (rbcL) and carbonic anhydrase in carboxysomes did not respond actively to 10% CO2 , implying that exposure to 10% CO2 has little impact on the carbon concentrating mechanisms and CO2 fixation of the Calvin cycle. It appears that HTB1 can grow rapidly at 10% CO2 without significant metabolic changes in carbon fixation and ATP synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina,Institute of Marine and Environmental TechnologyUniversity of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Hualong Wang
- College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina,Institute of Marine and Environmental TechnologyUniversity of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Marine and Environmental TechnologyUniversity of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Ezema BO, Omeje KO, Bill RM, Goddard AD, O Eze SO, Fernandez-Castane A. Bioinformatic characterization of a triacylglycerol lipase produced by Aspergillus flavus isolated from the decaying seed of Cucumeropsis mannii. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:2587-2601. [PMID: 35147487 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2035821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipases are enzymes of industrial importance responsible for the hydrolysis of ester bonds of triglycerides. A lipolytic fungus was isolated and subsequently identified based on the ITS sequence analysis as putative Aspergillus flavus with accession number LC424503. The gene coding for extracellular triacylglycerol lipase was isolated from Aspergillus flavus species, sequenced, and characterised using bioinformatics tools. An open reading frame of 420 amino acid sequence was obtained and designated as Aspergillus flavus lipase (AFL) sequence. Alignment of the amino acid sequence with other lipases revealed the presence GHSLG sequence which is the lipase consensus sequence Gly-X1-Ser-X2-Gly indicating that it a classical lipase. A catalytic active site lid domain composed of TYITDTIIDLS amino acids sequence was also revealed. This lid protects the active site, control the catalytic activity and substrate selectivity in lipases. The 3-Dimensional structural model shared 34.08% sequence identity with a lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica covering 272 amino acid residues of the template model. A search of the lipase engineering database using AFL sequence revealed that it belongs to the class GX-lipase, superfamily abH23 and homologous family abH23.02, molecular weight and isoelectric point values of 46.95 KDa and 5.7, respectively. N-glycosylation sites were predicted at residues 164, 236 and 333, with potentials of 0.7250, 0.7037 and 0.7048, respectively. O-glycosylation sites were predicted at residues 355, 358, 360 and 366. A signal sequence of 37 amino acids was revealed at the N-terminal of the polypeptide. This is a short peptide sequence that marks a protein for transport across the cell membrane and indicates that AFL is an extracellular lipase. The findings on the structural and molecular properties of Aspergillus flavus lipase in this work will be crucial in future studies aiming at engineering the enzyme for biotechnology applications.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin O Ezema
- The Biochemistry Unit, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.,Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kingsley O Omeje
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Alfred Fernandez-Castane
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.,Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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6
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Azevedo TSM, Silva LKB, Lima ÁS, Pereira MM, Franceschi E, Faria Soares CM. In Silico Evaluation of Enzymatic Tunnels in the Biotransformation of α-Tocopherol Esters. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:805059. [PMID: 35127674 PMCID: PMC8814584 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.805059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation: α-Tocopherol is a molecule obtained primarily from plant sources that are important for the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. However, this component has some limitations such as sensitivity to oxygen, presence of light, and high temperatures. For this molecule to become more widely used, it is important to carry out a structural modification so that there is better stability and thus it can carry out its activities. To carry out this structural modification, some modifications are carried out, including the application of biotransformation using enzymes as biocatalysts. Thus, the application of a computational tool that helps in understanding the transport mechanisms of molecules in the tunnels present in the enzymatic structures is of fundamental importance because it promotes a computational screening facilitating bench applications. Objective: The aim of this work was to perform a computational analysis of the biotransformation of α-tocopherol into tocopherol esters, observing the tunnels present in the enzymatic structures as well as the energies which correspond to the transport of molecules. Method: To carry out this work, 9 lipases from different organisms were selected; their structures were analyzed by identifying the tunnels (quantity, conformation, and possibility of transport) and later the calculations of substrate transport for the biotransformation reaction in the identified tunnels were carried out. Additionally, the transport of the product obtained in the reaction through the tunnels was also carried out. Results: In this work, the quantity of existing tunnels in the morphological conformational characteristics in the lipases was verified. Thus, the enzymes with fewer tunnels were RML (3 tunnels), LBC and RNL (4 tunnels), PBLL (5 tunnels), CALB (6 tunnels), HLG (7 tunnels), and LCR and LTL (8 tunnels) and followed by the enzyme LPP with the largest number of tunnels (39 tunnels). However, the enzyme that was most likely to transport substrates in terms of α-tocopherol biotransformation (in relation to the Emax and Ea energies of ligands and products) was CALB, as it obtains conformational and transport characteristics of molecules with a particularity. The most conditions of transport analysis were α-tocopherol tunnel 3 (Emax: −4.6 kcal/mol; Ea: 1.1 kcal/mol), vinyl acetate tunnel 1 (Emax: −2.4 kcal/mol; Ea: 0.1 kcal/mol), and tocopherol acetate tunnel 2 (Emax: −3.7 kcal/mol; Ea: 2 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Stela Mendonça Azevedo
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Kelly Barros Silva
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Silva Lima
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Matheus Mendonça Pereira
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO ‐ Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elton Franceschi
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Cleide Mara Faria Soares
- Graduate Program in Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Aracaju, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Cleide Mara Faria Soares,
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7
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Tian M, Yang L, Wang Z, Lv P, Fu J, Miao C, Li M, Liu T, Luo W. Improved methanol tolerance of Rhizomucor miehei lipase based on N‑glycosylation within the α-helix region and its application in biodiesel production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:237. [PMID: 34911574 PMCID: PMC8675521 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liquid lipases are widely used to convert oil into biodiesel. Methanol-resistant lipases with high catalytic activity are the first choice for practical production. Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) is a single-chain α/β-type protein that is widely used in biodiesel preparation. Improving the catalytic activity and methanol tolerance of RML is necessary to realise the industrial production of biodiesel. RESULTS In this study, a semi-rational design method was used to optimise the catalytic activity and methanol tolerance of ProRML. After N-glycosylation modification of the α-helix of the mature peptide in ProRML, the resulting mutants N218, N93, N115, N260, and N183 increased enzyme activity by 66.81, 13.54, 10.33, 3.69, and 2.39 times than that of WT, respectively. The residual activities of N218 and N260 were 88.78% and 86.08% after incubation in 50% methanol for 2.5 h, respectively. In addition, the biodiesel yield of all mutants was improved when methanol was added once and reacted for 24 h with colza oil as the raw material. N260 and N218 increased the biodiesel yield from 9.49% to 88.75% and 90.46%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that optimising N-glycosylation modification in the α-helix structure is an effective strategy for improving the performance of ProRML. This study provides an effective approach to improve the design of the enzyme and the properties of lipase mutants, thereby rendering them suitable for industrial biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingmei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengmei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junying Fu
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlin Miao
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Miao T, Basit A, Liu J, Zheng F, Rahim K, Lou H, Jiang W. Improved Production of Xylanase in Pichia pastoris and Its Application in Xylose Production From Xylan. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:690702. [PMID: 34513809 PMCID: PMC8429496 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.690702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylanases with high specific activity has been focused with great interest as a useful enzyme in biomass utilization. The production of recombinant GH11 xylanase (MYCTH_56237) from Myceliophthora thermophila has been improved through N-terminal signal peptide engineering in P. pastoris. The production of newly recombinant xylanase (termed Mtxyn11C) was improved from 442.53 to 490.7 U/mL, through a replacement of α-factor signal peptide with the native xylanase signal peptide segment (MVSVKAVLLLGAAGTTLA) in P. pastoris. Scaling up of Mtxyn11C production in a 7.5 L fermentor was improved to the maximal production rate of 2503 U/mL. In this study, the degradation efficiency of Mtxyn11C was further examined. Analysis of the hydrolytic mode of action towards the birchwood xylan (BWX) revealed that Mtxyn11C was clearly more effective than commercial xylanase and degrades xylan into xylooligosaccharides (xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose). More importantly, Mtxyn11C in combination with a single multifunctional xylanolytic enzyme, improved the hydrolysis of BWX into single xylose by 40%. Altogether, this study provided strategies for improved production of xylanase together with rapid conversion of xylose from BWX, which provides sustainable, cost-effective and environmental friendly approaches to produce xylose/XOSs for biomass energy or biofuels production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
| | - Junquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kashif Rahim
- Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CUVAS), Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Huiqiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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9
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Zhang Q, Xiong Z, Sun L, Tian X, Tian G, Yang Y, Li X, Wang Y, Chu J. Effect of biosurfactant sophorolipids on Rhizomucor miehei lipase fermentation by Aspergillus oryzae. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:84. [PMID: 38650294 PMCID: PMC10991578 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of biosurfactant sophorolipids (SLs) on Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) fermentation by Aspergillus oryzae was investigated. With the exogenous addition of 0.3% (w/v) SLs in the initial medium, the RML activity reached 430.0 U/mL, an increase of 25.0% compared to the control group. Subsequently, the physiological metabolic responses of A. oryzae to the addition of SLs were further explored. The results showed that though SLs had almost no effect on the RML secretion, it would affect the morphology of the cells. During the late phase of the fermentation, the proportion of middle pellets, which was generally considered as an energetic and stable state for enzyme production was increased with the addition of SLs. Simultaneously, the viscosity of fermentation broth was reduced, which facilitated the increase of oxygen transfer, thereby improving the RML production. Finally, it could be found that the addition of SLs significantly increased the contents of precursor amino acids, especially for those rank first and second of the RML composition, and it could promote the synthesis of RML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiwei Tian
- Wilmar Biotechnology R&D Center Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Yiming Yang
- Wilmar Biotechnology R&D Center Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yonghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Recombinant Protein Production and Purification Using Eukaryotic Cell Factories. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34009593 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1323-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Cloning proteins enables their production and characterization for further studies. This requires inserting the gene of the studied protein to be inserted in a vector, which then will be transformed to the host cell used as "factory." Consequently, the "biomass" of host cells will be produced using bioreactors. Here we describe the production of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) by cloning the corresponding genes in the yeast Pichia pastoris. This enzyme is used as a biocatalyst for biofuel production. The successfully produced recombinant proteins are then purified using ion exchange chromatography.
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11
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Han X, Li Z, Wen Y, Chen Z. Overproduction of docosahexaenoic acid in Schizochytrium sp. through genetic engineering of oxidative stress defense pathways. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:70. [PMID: 33726826 PMCID: PMC7968238 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01918-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidation and peroxidation of lipids in microorganisms result in increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive aldehydes, and consequent reduction of cell growth and lipid accumulation. RESULTS To reduce oxygen-mediated cell damage and increase lipid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production in Schizochytrium sp., we strengthened the oxidative stress defense pathways. Overexpression of the enzymes thioredoxin reductase (TRXR), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), glutathione peroxidase (GPO), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ZWF) strongly promoted cell growth, lipid yield, and DHA production. Coexpression of ZWF, ALDH, GPO, and TRXR enhanced ROS-scavenging ability. Highest values of dry cell weight, lipid yield, and DHA production (50.5 g/L, 33.1 g/L, and 13.3 g/L, respectively) were attained in engineered strain OaldH-gpo-trxR by shake flask fed-batch culture; these were increases of 18.5%, 80.9%, and 114.5% relative to WT values. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that engineering of oxidative stress defense pathways is an effective strategy for promoting cell robustness, lipid yield, and DHA production in Schizochytrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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12
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Miao T, Basit A, Wen J, Liu J, Zheng F, Cao Y, Jiang W. High efficient degradation of glucan/glucomannan to cello-/mannan-oligosaccharide by endoglucanase via tetrasaccharide as intermediate. Food Chem 2021; 350:129175. [PMID: 33610847 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report an efficient endoglucanase from Aureobasidium pullulans (termed ApCel5A) was expressed in Pichia pastoris. ApCel5A shows two different enzyme activities of endoglucanase (1270 U/mg) and mannanase (31.2 U/mg). Through engineering the signal peptide and fed-batch fermentation, the enzyme activity of endoglucanase was improved to 6.63-folds, totally. Its efficient synergism with Celluclast 1.5 L, excellent tolerance to low pH (2.5), cholate and protease suggests potential application in bioresources, food and feed industries. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments present that ApCel5A residues Glu245 and Glu358 are key catalytic sites, while Asp118, Asp122, Asp198 and Asp314 play an auxiliary role. More importantly, ApCel5A display high degradation efficiency of glucan and glucomannan substrates by using tetrasaccharide contained reducing end of glucose residue as an intermediate. This study elucidated the effective methods to improve an endoglucanase expression and detailed catalytic mechanism for degradation of various substrates, which provides a new insight for endoglucanase application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, Punjab 56300, Pakistan
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengzhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yunhe Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural, University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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13
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Huang J, Zhao Q, Chen L, Zhang C, Bu W, Zhang X, Zhang K, Yang Z. Improved production of recombinant Rhizomucor miehei lipase by coexpressing protein folding chaperones in Pichia pastoris, which triggered ER stress. Bioengineered 2020; 11:375-385. [PMID: 32175802 PMCID: PMC7161542 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1738127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) is a biocatalyst that widely used in laboratory and industrial. Previously, RML with a 70-amino acid propeptide (pRML) was cloned and expressed in P. pastoris. Recombinant strains with (strain containing 4-copy prml) and without ER stress (strain containing 2-copy prml) were obtained. However, the effective expression of pRML in P. pastoris by coexpressing ER-related elements in pRML-produced strain with or without ER stress has not been reported to date. In this study, an efficient way to produce functional pRML was explored in P. pastoris. The coexpression of protein folding chaperones, including PDI and ERO1, in different strains with or without ER stress, was investigated. PDI overexpression only increased pRML production in 4-copy strain from 705 U/mL to 1430 U/mL because it alleviated the protein folded stress, increased the protein concentration from 0.56 mg/mL to 0.65 mg/mL, and improved enzyme-specific activity from 1238 U/mg to 2186 U/mg. However, PDI coexpression could not improve pRML production in the 2-copy strain because it increased protein folded stress, while ERO1 coexpression in the two strains all had a negative effect on pRML expression. We also investigated the effect of the propeptide on the substrate specificity and the condition for pRML enzyme powder preparation. Results showed that the relative activity exceeded 80% when the substrates C8–C10 were detected at 35°C and pH 6, and C8–C12 at 45°C and pH 8. The optimal enzyme powder preparation pH was 7, and the maximum recovery rate for pRML was 73.19%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Huang
- The key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyi Zhao
- The key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lingxiao Chen
- The key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- The key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Bu
- The key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaini Zhang
- The key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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14
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Efficient improvement of surface displayed lipase from Rhizomucor miehei in PichiaPink™ protease-deficient system. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 180:105804. [PMID: 33276128 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (RML) is a promising biocatalyst used in food industry, fine chemicals, and biodiesel production. Yeast surface display allows direct application of lipase in form of whole-cell biocatalyst, avoiding purification and immobilization process, but the protease of the host cell may affect the activity of displayed lipase. Herein, we used the protease-deficient Pichia pastoris, PichiaPink™ as host to display RML efficiently. RML gene, GCW21 gene and α-factor gene were co-cloned into plasmid pPink LC/HC and transformed into protease-deficient P. pastoris. After inducution expression for 96 h, the lipase activity of displayed RML reached 121.72 U/g in proteinase-A-deficient P. pastoris harboring high-copy plasmid, which exhibited 46.7% higher than recombinant P. pastoris without protease defect. Displayed RML occurred the maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 45 °C and the optimal substrate was p-nitrophenyl octanoate. Metal ions Li+, Na+, K+, and Mg2+ of 1-10 mM had activation towards displayed RML. Displayed RML was effectively improved in PichiaPink™ protease-deficient system, which may promote the further research and development for the industrial application of RML.
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15
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Huang J, Zhao Q, Bu W, Zhang C, Yang Z, Zhang X, Zhang K. Ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis of lard for free fatty acids catalyzed by combined two lipases in aqueous medium. Bioengineered 2020; 11:241-250. [PMID: 32091302 PMCID: PMC7039637 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1729678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lard is a by-product of animal processing. It is inexpensive compared with vegetable oils; however, its use is limited due to the high calorific value and high-saturated fatty acid content. While using lard as the source of free fatty acids (FFA) can significantly increase its utilization value. This study aimed to research the method on efficient hydrolysis of lard catalyzed by combi-lipases and assisted with ultrasound pretreatment. A 1,3-specific lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (termed pRML, 1540 U/mL) and a nonspecific mono- and diacylglycerol lipase from Penicillium cyclopium (termed MDL, 2000 U/mL) were used as biocatalysts. Results showed that the maximum hydrolysis rate of lard after 6 h at 45°C by using pRML and MDL alone was, respectively, 39.9% and 8.5%. When pRML combined with MDL (combi-lipases), hydrolysis rate can reach to 78.1%. While combi-lipases were assisted with 5 min ultrasound pretreatment before the reaction, the hydrolysis rate can further increase to 97%. The combi-lipases with different specificity and assisted with ultrasound pretreatment may be a useful technology for the enzyme production of FFA from complex lipid substrates, such as lard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Bu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kaini Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
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16
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An endoxylanase rapidly hydrolyzes xylan into major product xylobiose via transglycosylation of xylose to xylotriose or xylotetraose. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116121. [PMID: 32241400 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Here, we proposed an effective strategy to enhance a novel endoxylanase (Taxy11) activity and elucidated an efficient catalysis mechanism to produce xylooligosaccharides (XOSs). Codon optimization and recruitment of natural propeptide in Pichia pastoris resulted in achievement of Taxy11 activity to 1405.65 ± 51.24 U/mL. Analysis of action mode reveals that Taxy11 requires at least three xylose (xylotriose) residues for hydrolysis to yield xylobiose. Results of site-directed mutagenesis indicate that residues Glu119, Glu210, and Asp53 of Taxy11 are key catalytic sites, while Asp203 plays an auxiliary role. The novel mechanism whereby Taxy11 catalyzes conversion of xylan or XOSs into major product xylobiose involves transglycosylation of xylose to xylotriose or xylotetraose as substrate, to form xylotetraose or xylopentaose intermediate, respectively. Taxy11 displayed highly hydrolytic activity toward corncob xylan, producing 50.44 % of xylobiose within 0.5 h. This work provides a cost-effective and sustainable way to produce value-added biomolecules XOSs (xylobiose-enriched) from agricultural waste.
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17
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Brady JR, Whittaker CA, Tan MC, Kristensen DL, Ma D, Dalvie NC, Love KR, Love JC. Comparative genome-scale analysis of Pichia pastoris variants informs selection of an optimal base strain. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:543-555. [PMID: 31654411 PMCID: PMC7003935 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Komagataella phaffii, also known as Pichia pastoris, is a common host for the production of biologics and enzymes, due to fast growth, high productivity, and advancements in host engineering. Several K. phaffii variants are commonly used as interchangeable base strains, which confounds efforts to improve this host. In this study, genomic and transcriptomic analyses of Y-11430 (CBS7435), GS115, X-33, and eight other variants enabled a comparative assessment of the relative fitness of these hosts for recombinant protein expression. Cell wall integrity explained the majority of the variation among strains, impacting transformation efficiency, growth, methanol metabolism, and secretion of heterologous proteins. Y-11430 exhibited the highest activity of genes involved in methanol utilization, up to two-fold higher transcription of heterologous genes, and robust growth. With a more permeable cell wall, X-33 displayed a six-fold higher transformation efficiency and up to 1.2-fold higher titers than Y-11430. X-33 also shared nearly all mutations, and a defective variant of HIS4, with GS115, precluding robust growth. Transferring two beneficial mutations identified in X-33 into Y-11430 resulted in an optimized base strain that provided up to four-fold higher transformation efficiency and three-fold higher protein titers, while retaining robust growth. The approach employed here to assess unique banked variants in a species and then transfer key beneficial variants into a base strain should also facilitate rational assessment of a broad set of other recombinant hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. Brady
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Charles A. Whittaker
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Melody C. Tan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - D. Lee Kristensen
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Duanduan Ma
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Neil C. Dalvie
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Kerry Routenberg Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - J. Christopher Love
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
- Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
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18
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Nurul Furqan BR, Akhmaloka. Heterologous expression and characterization of thermostable lipase (Lk1) in Pichia pastoris GS115. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Han X, Zhao Z, Wen Y, Chen Z. Enhancement of docosahexaenoic acid production by overexpression of ATP-citrate lyase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase in Schizochytrium sp. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:131. [PMID: 32699554 PMCID: PMC7372839 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that has a variety of physiological functions for infant development and human health. Although metabolic engineering was previously demonstrated to be a highly efficient way to rapidly increase lipid production, metabolic engineering has seldom been previously used to increase DHA accumulation in Schizochytrium spp. RESULTS Here, a sensitive β-galactosidase reporter system was established to screen for strong promoters in Schizochytrium sp. Four constitutive promoters (EF-1α p , TEF-1 p , ccg1 p , and ubiquitin p ) and one methanol-induced AOX1 promoter were characterized by the reporter system with the promoter activity ccg1 p > TEF-1 p > AOX1 p (induced) > EF-1α p > ubiquitin p . With the strong constitutive promoter ccg1 p , Schizochytrium ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were overexpressed in Schizochytrium sp. ATCC 20888. The cells were cultivated at 28 °C and 250 rpm for 120 h with glucose as the carbon source. Shake-flask fermentation results showed that the overexpression strains exhibited growth curves and biomass similar to those of the wild-type strain. The lipid contents of the wild-type strain and of the OACL, OACC, and OACL-ACC strains were 53.8, 68.8, 69.8, and 73.0%, respectively, and the lipid yields of the overexpression strains were increased by 21.9, 30.5, and 38.3%, respectively. DHA yields of the wild-type strain and of the corresponding overexpression strains were 4.3, 5.3, 6.1, and 6.4 g/L, i.e., DHA yields of the overexpression strains were increased by 23.3, 41.9, and 48.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA are precursors for fatty acid synthesis. ACL catalyzes the conversion of citrate in the cytoplasm into acetyl-CoA, and ACC catalyzes the synthesis of malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA. The results demonstrate that overexpression of ACL and ACC enhances lipid accumulation and DHA production in Schizochytrium sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhunan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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Huang J, Wang Q, Bu W, Chen L, Yang Z, Zheng W, Li Y, Li J. Different construction strategies affected on the physiology of Pichia pastoris strains highly expressed lipase by transcriptional analysis of key genes. Bioengineered 2019; 10:150-161. [PMID: 31079540 PMCID: PMC6527059 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1614422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that expression of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) in Pichia pastoris could be significantly increased by addition of gene propeptide, optimized signal peptide codons and manipulation of gene dosage. In this study, effects of various strategies on the protein synthesis and secretion pathways were analyzed. Using nine strains previously constructed, we evaluated cell culture properties, enzymatic activities, and analyzed transcriptional levels of nine genes involved in protein synthesis and secretion pathways by qPCR. We observed that (i) Addition of propeptide decreased lipase folding stress by down-regulated four UPR-related genes. (ii) Signal peptide codons optimization had no effect on host with no change in the nine detected genes. (iii) Folding stress and limited transport capacity produced when rml gene dosage exceed 2. Different limiting factors on lipase expression in strains with different construction strategies were identified. This study provides a theoretical basis for further improving RML by transforming host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Huang
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China.,b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China.,c School of Life Sciences , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Wei Bu
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China
| | - Lingxiao Chen
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Weifa Zheng
- a Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences , Jiangsu Normal University , Xuzhou , P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Jilun Li
- b State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology , College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University , Beijing , P. R. China
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Duan X, Xiang M, Wang L, Yan Q, Yang S, Jiang Z. Biochemical characterization of a novel lipase from Malbranchea cinnamomea suitable for production of lipolyzed milkfat flavor and biodegradation of phthalate esters. Food Chem 2019; 297:124925. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Duan X, Xiang M, Wang L, Yan Q, Yang S, Jiang Z. WITHDRAWN: Biochemical characterization of a novel lipase from Malbranchea cinnamomea suitable for production of lipolyzed milkfat flavor and biodegradation of phthalate esters. Food Chem X 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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23
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He Y, Wang X, Wei H, Zhang J, Chen B, Chen F. Direct enzymatic ethanolysis of potential Nannochloropsis biomass for co-production of sustainable biodiesel and nutraceutical eicosapentaenoic acid. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:78. [PMID: 30992715 PMCID: PMC6449970 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine microalga Nannochloropsis is a promising source for the production of renewable and sustainable biodiesel in replacement of depleting petroleum. Other than biodiesel, Nannochloropsis is a green and potential resource for the commercial production of nutraceutical eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5). In recent studies, low-value biodiesel can be achieved by transesterification of Nannochloropsis biomass. However, it is undoubtedly wasteful to produce microalgal biodiesel containing EPA from nutritional and economical aspects. A new strategy was addressed and exploited to produce low-value bulky biodiesel along with EPA enrichment via enzymatic ethanolysis of Nannochloropsis biomass with a specific lipase. RESULTS Cellulase pretreatment on Nannochloropsis sp. biomass significantly improved the biodiesel conversion by direct ethanolysis with five enzymes from Candida antarctica (CALA and CALB), Thermomyces lanuginosus (TL), Rhizomucor miehei (RM), and Aspergillus oryzae (PLA). Among these five biocatalysts, CALA was the best suitable enzyme to yield high biodiesel conversion and effectively enrich EPA. After optimization, the maximum biodiesel conversion (46.53-48.57%) was attained by CALA at 8:1 ethanol/biomass ratio (v/w) in 10-15% water content with 10% lipase weight at 35 °C for 72 h. Meanwhile, EPA (60.81%) was highly enriched in microalgae NPLs (neutral lipids and polar lipids), increasing original EPA levels by 1.51-fold. Moreover, this process was re-evaluated with two Nannochloropsis species (IMET1 and Salina 537). Under the optimized conditions, the biodiesel conversions of IMET1 and Salina 537 by CALA were 63.41% and 54.33%, respectively. EPA contents of microalgal NPLs were 50.06% for IMET1 and 53.73% for Salina 537. CONCLUSION CALA was the potential biocatalyst to discriminate against EPA in the ethanolysis of Nannochloropsis biomass. The biodiesel conversion and EPA enrich efficiency of CALA were greatly dependent on lipidic class and fatty acid compositions of Nannochloropsis biomass. CALA-catalyzed ethanolysis with Nannochloropsis biomass was a promising approach for co-production of low-value biodiesel and high-value microalgae products rich in EPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin He
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, The Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, 100081 China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117 China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Hehong Wei
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Jianzhi Zhang
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Bilian Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117 China
| | - Feng Chen
- BIC-ESAT, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Institute for Food & Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000 China
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Liao X, Zhao J, Liang S, Jin J, Li C, Xiao R, Li L, Guo M, Zhang G, Lin Y. Enhancing co-translational folding of heterologous protein by deleting non-essential ribosomal proteins in Pichia pastoris. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:38. [PMID: 30828383 PMCID: PMC6383220 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translational regulation played an important role in the correct folding of heterologous proteins to form bioactive conformations during biogenesis. Translational pausing coordinates protein translation and co-translational folding. Decelerating translation elongation speed has been shown to improve the soluble protein yield when expressing heterologous proteins in industrial expression hosts. However, rational redesign of translational pausing via synonymous mutations may not be feasible in many cases. Our goal was to develop a general and convenient strategy to improve heterologous protein synthesis in Pichia pastoris without mutating the expressed genes. RESULTS Here, a large-scale deletion library of ribosomal protein (RP) genes was constructed for heterologous protein expression in Pichia pastoris, and 59% (16/27) RP deletants have significantly increased heterologous protein yield. This is due to the delay of 60S subunit assembly by deleting non-essential ribosomal protein genes or 60S subunit processing factors, thus globally decreased the translation elongation speed and improved the co-translational folding, without perturbing the relative transcription level and translation initiation. CONCLUSION Global decrease in the translation elongation speed by RP deletion enhanced co-translational folding efficiency of nascent chains and decreased protein aggregates to improve heterologous protein yield. A potential expression platform for efficient pharmaceutical proteins and industrial enzymes production was provided without synonymous mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihao Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Research Center of Industrial Enzyme and Green Manufacturing Technology, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Shuli Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Research Center of Industrial Enzyme and Green Manufacturing Technology, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Jingjie Jin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Cheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Research Center of Industrial Enzyme and Green Manufacturing Technology, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Ruiming Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Research Center of Industrial Enzyme and Green Manufacturing Technology, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Lu Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Research Center of Industrial Enzyme and Green Manufacturing Technology, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Meijin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Biomanufacturing Technology & Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai, 200237 China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
- Guangdong Research Center of Industrial Enzyme and Green Manufacturing Technology, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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Cámara E, Monforte S, Albiol J, Ferrer P. Deregulation of methanol metabolism reverts transcriptional limitations of recombinant Pichia pastoris (Komagataella spp) with multiple expression cassettes under control of the AOX1 promoter. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1710-1720. [PMID: 30712270 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The methanol-regulated alcohol oxidase promoter (PAOX1 ) of Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella spp. ) is one of the strongest promoters for heterologous gene expression. Although increasing the gene dosage is a common strategy to improve recombinant protein productivities, P. pastoris strains harboring more than two copies of a Rhizopus oryzae lipase gene (ROL) have previously shown a decrease in cell growth, lipase production, and substrate consumption, as well as a significant transcriptional downregulation of methanol metabolism. This pointed to a potential titration effect of key transcriptional factors methanol expression regulator 1 (Mxr1) and methanol-induced transcription factor (Mit1) regulating methanol metabolism caused by the insertion of multiple expression vectors. To prove this hypothesis, a set of strains carrying one and four copies of ROL (1C and 4C, respectively) were engineered to coexpress one or two copies of MXR1*, coding for an Mxr1 variant insensitive to repression by 14-3-3 regulatory proteins, or one copy of MIT1. Small-scale cultures revealed that growth, Rol productivity, and methanol consumption were improved in the 4C-MXR1* and 4C-MIT1, strains growing on methanol as a sole carbon source, whereas only a slight increase in productivity was observed for re-engineered 1C strains. We further verified the improved performance of these strains in glycerol-/methanol-limited chemostat cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cámara
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Monforte
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Albiol
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pau Ferrer
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Zheng F, Liu J, Basit A, Miao T, Jiang W. Insight to Improve α-L-Arabinofuranosidase Productivity in Pichia pastoris and Its Application on Corn Stover Degradation. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:3016. [PMID: 30631307 PMCID: PMC6315152 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
α-L-arabinofuranosidase (ARA) with enhanced specific activity and in large amounts, is needed for a variety of industrial applications. To improve ARA production with engineered methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, a genetically modified ara gene from Aspergillus niger ND-1 was investigated. Through codon optimization and rational replacement of α-factor signal peptide with the native propeptide (MFSRRNLVALGLAATVSA), ARA production was improved from 2.61 ± 0.13 U/mL to 14.37 ± 0.22 U/mL in shaking flask culture (a 5.5-fold increase). Results of N-terminal sequencing showed that secreted active ARA of recombinant strain p-oARA had theoretical initial five amino acids (GPCDI) comparable to the mature sequences of α-oARA (EAEAG) and αp-oARA (NLVAL). The kinetic values have been determined for ARA of recombinant strain p-oARA (Vmax = 747.55 μmol/min/mg, Km = 5.36 mmol/L), optimal activity temperature 60°C and optimal pH 4.0. Scaling up of ARA production by p-oARA in a 7.5-L fermentor resulted in remarkably high extracellular ARA specific activity (479.50 ± 12.83 U/mg) at 168 h, and maximal production rate 164.47 ± 4.40 U/mL. In studies of corn stover degradation activity, degree of synergism for ARA and xylanase was 32.4% and enzymatic hydrolysis yield for ARA + xylanase addition was 15.9% higher than that of commercial cellulase, indicating significant potential of ARA for catalytic conversion of corn stover to fermentable sugars for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhen Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junquan Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Miao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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27
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Biodiesel production from microalgae oil by lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa displayed on yeast cell surface. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Usage of GD-95 and GD-66 lipases as fusion partners leading to improved chimeric enzyme LipGD95-GD66. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1594-1603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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How lipase technology contributes to evolution of biodiesel production using multiple feedstocks. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2018; 50:57-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Lotti M, Pleiss J, Valero F, Ferrer P. Enzymatic Production of Biodiesel: Strategies to Overcome Methanol Inactivation. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700155. [PMID: 29461685 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lipase-catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides and alcohols to obtain biodiesel is an environmentally friendly and sustainable route for fuels production since, besides proceeding in mild reaction conditions, it allows for the use of low-cost feedstocks that contain water and free fatty acids, for example non-edible oils and waste oils. This review article reports recent advances in the field and focus in particular on a major issue in the enzymatic process, the inactivation of most lipases caused by methanol, the preferred acyl acceptor used for alcoholysis. The recent results about immobilization of enzymes on nano-materials and the use of whole-cell biocatalysts, as well as the use of cell-surface display technologies and metabolic engineering strategies for microbial production of biodiesel are described. It is discussed also insight into the effects of methanol on lipases obtained by modeling approaches and report on studies aimed at mining novel alcohol stable enzymes or at improving robustness in existing ones by protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Lotti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, State University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Jürgen Pleiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Pau Ferrer
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
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31
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De Waele S, Vandenberghe I, Laukens B, Planckaert S, Verweire S, Van Bogaert I, Soetaert W, Devreese B, Ciesielska K. Optimized expression of the Starmerella bombicola lactone esterase in Pichia pastoris through temperature adaptation, codon-optimization and co-expression with HAC1. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 143:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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32
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Jiao L, Zhou Q, Su Z, Xu L, Yan Y. High-level extracellular production of Rhizopus oryzae lipase in Pichia pastoris via a strategy combining optimization of gene-copy number with co-expression of ERAD-related proteins. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 147:1-12. [PMID: 29452270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL) is an important industrial enzyme limited in application due to its low production in native strains. Here, we used a new combined strategy to overexpress ROL in Pichia pastoris. An efficient method based on bio-brick was developed to construct a series of vectors harboring different copy numbers of ROL gene cassettes, which were then transformed into P. pastoris GS115 to generate a strain with specific copy numbers of ROL. An optimized gene-dosage recombinant strain of GS115/pAOα-5ROL 11# harboring five copies of ROL was screened, revealing production of the highest activity (2700 U/mL), which was 8-fold higher than that of the strain harboring one copy. The activity of GS115/pAOα-5ROL 11# was then enhanced to 3080 U/mL in a shaking flask under optimized culture conditions. Subsequently, the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein-degradation-related genes Ubc1 or/and Hrd1 were co-expressed with ROL to further increase ROL expression. The activities of the recombinant strains, GS115/5ROL-Ubc1 22#, -Hrd1 15#, and -Hrd1-Ubc1 1#, were 4000 U/mL, 4200 U/mL, and 4750 U/mL, which was 29.9%, 36.4%, and 54.2% higher, respectively, than that observed in GS115/pAOα-5ROL 11#. Using the combined strategy, ROL expression was improved 15.8-fold, with maximum GS115/5ROL-Hrd1-Ubc1 1# activity reaching 33,900 U/mL via a sorbitol/methanol co-feeding strategy in a 3-L fermenter and resulting in a 1.65-, 1.26-, and 1.14-fold enhancement relative to the activities observed in strains GS115/pAOα-5ROL 11#, GS115/5ROL-Ubc1 22#, and GS115/5ROL-Hrd1 15#, respectively. These results indicated that heterologous overexpression of ROL in P. pastoris using this combined strategy is feasible for large-scale industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangcheng Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Qinghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zhixin Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yunjun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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Enhancing the Thermostability of Rhizomucor miehei Lipase with a Limited Screening Library by Rational-Design Point Mutations and Disulfide Bonds. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.02129-17. [PMID: 29101200 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02129-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML), as a kind of eukaryotic protein catalyst, plays an important role in the food, organic chemical, and biofuel industries. However, RML retains its catalytic activity below 50°C, which limits its industrial applications at higher temperatures. Soluble expression of this eukaryotic protein in Escherichia coli not only helps to screen for thermostable mutants quickly but also provides the opportunity to develop rapid and effective ways to enhance the thermal stability of eukaryotic proteins. Therefore, in this study, RML was engineered using multiple computational design methods, followed by filtration via conservation analysis and functional region assessment. We successfully obtained a limited screening library (only 36 candidates) to validate thermostable single point mutants, among which 24 of the candidates showed higher thermostability and 13 point mutations resulted in an apparent melting temperature ([Formula: see text]) of at least 1°C higher. Furthermore, both of the two disulfide bonds predicted from four rational-design algorithms were further introduced and found to stabilize RML. The most stable mutant, with T18K/T22I/E230I/S56C-N63C/V189C-D238C mutations, exhibited a 14.3°C-higher [Formula: see text] and a 12.5-fold increase in half-life at 70°C. The catalytic efficiency of the engineered lipase was 39% higher than that of the wild type. The results demonstrate that rationally designed point mutations and disulfide bonds can effectively reduce the number of screened clones to enhance the thermostability of RML.IMPORTANCER. miehei lipase, whose structure is well established, can be widely applied in diverse chemical processes. Soluble expression of R. miehei lipase in E. coli provides an opportunity to explore efficient methods for enhancing eukaryotic protein thermostability. This study highlights a strategy that combines computational algorithms to predict single point mutations and disulfide bonds in RML without losing catalytic activity. Through this strategy, an RML variant with greatly enhanced thermostability was obtained. This study provides a competitive alternative for wild-type RML in practical applications and further a rapid and effective strategy for thermostability engineering.
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Huang J, Yang Z, Zhu R, Qian X, Wang Y, Li Y, Li J. Efficient heterologous expression of an alkaline lipase and its application in hydrolytic production of free astaxanthin. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:181. [PMID: 29983744 PMCID: PMC6020301 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astaxanthin, a naturally occurring carotenoid pigment molecule, displays strong antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immunity-enhancing properties, and is often utilized in food, biomedical, cosmetic, and other industries. Free astaxanthin has better solubility than astaxanthin esters (Ast-E), and is a useful auxiliary ingredient in health foods and medicines. Our goal was to establish an improved enzymatic method for preparation of free astaxanthin from natural sources (e.g., the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis), to expand the potential applications of free astaxanthin. RESULTS The alkaline lipase gene proalip and its propeptide were cloned and successfully fusion-expressed in Pichia pastoris X-33. The recombinant lipase was termed Lipase-YH. Through optimization of culture conditions (medium formulation, pH, added methanol concentration), cell growth (OD600) and secreted enzyme activity respectively reached to 280 and 2050 U/mL in a 50-L autofermentor. Activity of Lipase-YH enzyme powder was about 40,000 U/g. Hydrolysis of Ast-E (extracted from H. pluvialis) by Lipase-YH occurred in aqueous phase, and reaction conditions were optimized based on emulsification method and enzyme/substrate ratio. The highest enzymatic reaction rate was observed for substrate concentration 200 μg/mL, with maximal free astaxanthin yield (80%) at 1 h, and maximal Ast-E hydrolysis rate 96%, as confirmed by TLC, HPLC, and mass spectroscopy. CONCLUSION A novel, efficient enzymatic process was developed for production of free astaxanthin through hydrolysis of Ast-E. Lipase activity was enhanced, and production cost was greatly reduced. The unique structure of free astaxanthin allows linkage to various functional compounds, which will facilitate development of novel pharmaceutical and food products in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116 China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ruiyan Zhu
- Applied Chemistry Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004 China
| | - Xinxin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yaqiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jilun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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35
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High-level expression and characterization of solvent-tolerant lipase. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:23-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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36
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Cai H, Zhang T, Zhao M, Mao J, Cai C, Feng F. Co-expression of lipase isozymes for enhanced expression in Pichia pastoris. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 65:335-342. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Science & Technology; Hangzhou China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - T. Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Science & Technology; Hangzhou China
| | - M. Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - J. Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Science & Technology; Hangzhou China
| | - C. Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Agricultural Biological Resources Biochemical Manufacturing; School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Science & Technology; Hangzhou China
| | - F. Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
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Cámara E, Landes N, Albiol J, Gasser B, Mattanovich D, Ferrer P. Increased dosage of AOX1 promoter-regulated expression cassettes leads to transcription attenuation of the methanol metabolism in Pichia pastoris. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44302. [PMID: 28295011 PMCID: PMC5353721 DOI: 10.1038/srep44302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The methanol-regulated alcohol oxidase promoter (PAOX1) of Pichia pastoris is one of the strongest promoters for heterologous gene expression in this methylotrophic yeast. Although increasing gene dosage is one of the most common strategies to increase recombinant protein productivities, the increase of gene dosage of Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL) in P. pastoris has been previously shown to reduce cell growth, lipase production and substrate consumption in high-copy strains. To better assess that physiological response, transcriptomics analysis was performed of a subset of strains with 1 to 15 ROL copies. The macroscopic physiological parameters confirm that growth yield and carbon uptake rate are gene dosage dependent, and were supported by the transcriptomic data, showing the impact of increased dosage of AOX1 promoter-regulated expression cassettes on P. pastoris physiology under steady methanolic growth conditions. Remarkably, increased number of cassettes led to transcription attenuation of the methanol metabolism and peroxisome biogenesis in P. pastoris, concomitant with reduced secretion levels of the heterologous product. Moreover, our data also point to a block in ROL mRNA translation in the higher ROL-copies constructs, while the low productivities of multi-copy strains under steady growth conditions do not appear to be directly related to UPR and ERAD induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cámara
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nils Landes
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joan Albiol
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Brigitte Gasser
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Diethard Mattanovich
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pau Ferrer
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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Khan FI, Lan D, Durrani R, Huan W, Zhao Z, Wang Y. The Lid Domain in Lipases: Structural and Functional Determinant of Enzymatic Properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:16. [PMID: 28337436 PMCID: PMC5343024 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipases are important industrial enzymes. Most of the lipases operate at lipid–water interfaces enabled by a mobile lid domain located over the active site. Lid protects the active site and hence responsible for catalytic activity. In pure aqueous media, the lid is predominantly closed, whereas in the presence of a hydrophobic layer, it is partially opened. Hence, the lid controls the enzyme activity. In the present review, we have classified lipases into different groups based on the structure of lid domains. It has been observed that thermostable lipases contain larger lid domains with two or more helices, whereas mesophilic lipases tend to have smaller lids in the form of a loop or a helix. Recent developments in lipase engineering addressing the lid regions are critically reviewed here. After on, the dramatic changes in substrate selectivity, activity, and thermostability have been reported. Furthermore, improved computational models can now rationalize these observations by relating it to the mobility of the lid domain. In this contribution, we summarized and critically evaluated the most recent developments in experimental and computational research on lipase lids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faez Iqbal Khan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongming Lan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Rabia Durrani
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Weiqian Huan
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zexin Zhao
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
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Huang Y, Cheng J, Lu H, He Y, Zhou J, Cen K. Transcriptome and key genes expression related to carbon fixation pathways in Chlorella PY-ZU1 cells and their growth under high concentrations of CO 2. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:181. [PMID: 28702086 PMCID: PMC5505034 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0868-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biomass yield of Chlorella PY-ZU1 drastically increased when cultivated under high CO2 condition compared with that cultivated under air condition. However, less attention has been given to the microalgae photosynthetic mechanisms response to different CO2 concentrations. The genetic reasons for the higher growth rate, CO2 fixation rate, and photosynthetic efficiency of microalgal cells under higher CO2 concentration have not been clearly defined yet. RESULTS In this study, the Illumina sequencing and de novo transcriptome assembly of Chlorella PY-ZU1 cells cultivated under 15% CO2 were performed and compared with those of cells grown under air. It was found that carbonic anhydrase (CAs, enzyme for interconversion of bicarbonate to CO2) dramatically decreased to near 0 in 15% CO2-grown cells, which indicated that CO2 molecules directly permeated into cells under high CO2 stress without CO2-concentrating mechanism. Extrapolating from the growth conditions and quantitative Real-Time PCR of CCM-related genes, the Km (CO2) (the minimum intracellular CO2 concentration that rubisco required) of Chlorella PY-ZU1 might be in the range of 80-192 μM. More adenosine triphosphates was saved for carbon fixation-related pathways. The transcript abundance of rubisco (the most important enzyme of CO2 fixation reaction) was 16.3 times higher in 15% CO2-grown cells than that under air. Besides, the transcript abundances of most key genes involved in carbon fixation pathways were also enhanced in 15% CO2-grown cells. CONCLUSIONS Carbon fixation and nitrogen metabolism are the two most important metabolisms in the photosynthetic cells. These genes related to the two most metabolisms with significantly differential expressions were beneficial for microalgal growth (2.85 g L-1) under 15% CO2 concentration. Considering the micro and macro growth phenomena of Chlorella PY-ZU1 under different concentrations of CO2 (0.04-60%), CO2 transport pathways responses to different CO2 (0.04-60%) concentrations was reconstructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems of Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Hongxiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Junhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Kefa Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
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Liu W, Zhao W, Lai J, Shen Q, Xu Y, Pan L, Chen S. RSM optimization of HSA/IL1Ra in Pichia pastoris overexpression strain and study of its in vivo activity in reducing hyperglycemia of GK rats. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2016; 64:627-637. [PMID: 27572239 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra) fusion protein is a potential long-acting drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Previously, the expression level of HSA/IL1Ra in Pichia pastoris was successfully improved by increasing the gene copy number and coexpression with chaperone (protein disulfide isomerase) in our laboratory. However, the overexpression strain resulted in low production of high- cell-density fermentation. In this study, the culture medium was optimized in both flask and fermenter, and the optimum culture medium notably increased the productivity and stability of HSA/IL1Ra. To further improve the expression, response surface methodology was used to further optimize the culture condition through modeling three selected parameters (induction pH, induction temperature [T], and maximum methanol feed rate [Vm ]). The maximum yield of HSA/IL1Ra reached 1.1 g/L (10-fold higher than original fermentation condition) under the optimized culture condition (pH 7.0, T = 29 ℃ and Vm = 4.82 mL/L/H) in a 5-L fermenter. In addition, the degradation position of HSA/IL1Ra during fermentation was determined to be K571, serving as a potential target for genetic modification strategies to reduce the degradation. Finally, the in vivo activity study showed that HSA/IL1Ra maintained the therapeutic effect of IL1Ra in type 2 diabetes model rats meanwhile reducing the frequency of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Drug Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Zhao
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Drug Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lai
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Drug Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yingchun Xu
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Drug Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Pan
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Drug Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqing Chen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Drug Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Papp T, Nyilasi I, Csernetics Á, Nagy G, Takó M, Vágvölgyi C. Improvement of Industrially Relevant Biological Activities in Mucoromycotina Fungi. Fungal Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27951-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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42
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Yan Q, Duan X, Liu Y, Jiang Z, Yang S. Expression and characterization of a novel 1,3-regioselective cold-adapted lipase from Rhizomucor endophyticus suitable for biodiesel synthesis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:86. [PMID: 27081399 PMCID: PMC4831154 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biodiesel production can be carried out by transesterification using either chemical or enzymatic process. The enzymatic transesterification is more promising as it offers an environmental friendly option compared to the chemical process, where the lipases with high catalytic efficiency and good stability play a key role. Hence, it is of great value to identify novel lipases which are suitable for biodiesel production. RESULTS A lipase gene (ReLipA) from Rhizomucor endophyticus was cloned and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris. ReLipA shared the highest identity of 61 % with the lipases from Rhizopus delemar, Rhizopus oryzae, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The recombinant lipase (ReLipA) was secreted as an active protein with the highest activity of 1961 U mL(-1) in a 5-L fermentor by high cell-density fermentation. ReLipA was purified to homogeneity with a recovery yield of 75.7 %. The purified enzyme was most active at pH 6.0 and 40 °C, respectively, and it was stable up to 55 °C. ReLipA displayed 75 % of its maximal activity at 0 °C, indicating that it is a cold-adapted lipase. It exhibited broad substrate specificity toward various p-nitrophenyl esters and triglycerides. ReLipA hydrolyzed triolein to release mainly 1,2-diolein without the formation of 1,3-diolein, suggesting that it is a sn-1,3 regiospecific lipase. Furthermore, ReLipA synthesized different types of oleates by esterification using oleic acid and short chain alcohols (e.g., methanol, ethanol, and butanol) as the substrates with the highest conversion yield of 82.2 %. Therefore, the cold-adapted lipase may be a good biocatalyst in ester synthesis in biodiesel industry. CONCLUSIONS A novel cold-adapted lipase was identified and characterized. The high yield and excellent properties may confer the enzyme with great potential for biodiesel production in bioenergy industry. This is the first report on a cold-adapted lipase from Rhizomucor species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojuan Yan
- />Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Xiaojie Duan
- />College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Yu Liu
- />College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- />College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- />College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083 China
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Borrelli GM, Trono D. Recombinant Lipases and Phospholipases and Their Use as Biocatalysts for Industrial Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20774-840. [PMID: 26340621 PMCID: PMC4613230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160920774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipases and phospholipases are interfacial enzymes that hydrolyze hydrophobic ester linkages of triacylglycerols and phospholipids, respectively. In addition to their role as esterases, these enzymes catalyze a plethora of other reactions; indeed, lipases also catalyze esterification, transesterification and interesterification reactions, and phospholipases also show acyltransferase, transacylase and transphosphatidylation activities. Thus, lipases and phospholipases represent versatile biocatalysts that are widely used in various industrial applications, such as for biodiesels, food, nutraceuticals, oil degumming and detergents; minor applications also include bioremediation, agriculture, cosmetics, leather and paper industries. These enzymes are ubiquitous in most living organisms, across animals, plants, yeasts, fungi and bacteria. For their greater availability and their ease of production, microbial lipases and phospholipases are preferred to those derived from animals and plants. Nevertheless, traditional purification strategies from microbe cultures have a number of disadvantages, which include non-reproducibility and low yields. Moreover, native microbial enzymes are not always suitable for biocatalytic processes. The development of molecular techniques for the production of recombinant heterologous proteins in a host system has overcome these constraints, as this allows high-level protein expression and production of new redesigned enzymes with improved catalytic properties. These can meet the requirements of specific industrial process better than the native enzymes. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the structural and functional features of lipases and phospholipases, to describe the recent advances in optimization of the production of recombinant lipases and phospholipases, and to summarize the information available relating to their major applications in industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia M Borrelli
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca per la Cerealicoltura, S.S. 673 Km 25, 200-71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Daniela Trono
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, Centro di Ricerca per la Cerealicoltura, S.S. 673 Km 25, 200-71122 Foggia, Italy.
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Tong X, Busk PK, Lange L. Characterization of a newsn-1,3-regioselective triacylglycerol lipase fromMalbranchea cinnamomea. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:471-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Tong
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience; Aalborg University Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - Peter Kamp Busk
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience; Aalborg University Copenhagen; Denmark
- Barentzymes A/S; A C Meyers Vaenge 15; Copenhagen SV Denmark
| | - Lene Lange
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience; Aalborg University Copenhagen; Denmark
- Barentzymes A/S; A C Meyers Vaenge 15; Copenhagen SV Denmark
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Huang J, Xia J, Jiang W, Li Y, Li J. Biodiesel production from microalgae oil catalyzed by a recombinant lipase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 180:47-53. [PMID: 25585254 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A recombinant Rhizomucor miehei lipase was constructed and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The target enzyme was termed Lipase GH2 and it can be used as a free enzyme for catalytic conversion of microalgae oil mixed with methanol or ethanol for biodiesel production in an n-hexane solvent system. Conversion rates of two major types of biodiesel, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE), reached maximal values (>90%) after 24h. The process of FAME production is generally more simple and economical than that of FAEE production, even though the two processes show similar conversion rates. In spite of the damaging effect of ethanol on enzyme activity, we successfully obtained ethyl ester by the enzymatic method. Our findings indicate that Lipase GH2 is a useful catalyst for conversion of microalgae oil to FAME or FAEE, and this system provides efficiency and reduced costs in biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Huang
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ji Xia
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Jilun Li
- State Key Laboratories for Agro-biotechnology and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
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46
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Narancic T, Davis R, Nikodinovic-Runic J, O’ Connor KE. Recent developments in biocatalysis beyond the laboratory. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 37:943-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1762-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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