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Minervino AHH, Marcili A, Moraes-Filho J, Lima JTR, Soares HS, Malheiros AF, Dias SR, Gennari SM, Labruna MB. Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Dogs from Indigenous Communities, Amazon, Brazil. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2023; 23:458-464. [PMID: 37566524 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There are few reports of tick-borne pathogens infecting dogs living in indigenous communities of Brazil. Herein, we aimed to molecularly detect vector-borne pathogens in dogs from two indigenous communities in the Brazilian Amazon. Materials and Methods: We surveyed 327 dogs raised in Amazon region at 2 distinct indigenous ethnicities for the molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens (114 from Tapirapé and 213 from Karajá indigenous ethnicity). Whole blood samples were subjected to PCR and sequencing for Ehrlichia, Babesia, and Hepatozoon. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate the factors affecting the pathogen infection patterns in dogs. Results: Among the 327 blood samples, 40 were positive for Ehrlichia canis (12.2%), 2 for Anaplasma platys (0.61%), and 204 were positive for Hepatozoon canis (66.5%). Binary Logistic Regression showed association between E. canis infection and ethnicity (p = 0.010) and tick attachment (p = 0.041). Karajá dogs were 3.4 times (95% CI 1.3-8.5) more likely to be positive for E. canis than Tapirapé dogs. Dogs with ticks were 2.5 times more likely (95% CI 1.0-7.6) to be positive for E. canis than dogs without ticks. Conclusions: Our survey expands the knowledge regarding the presence of vector-borne pathogens in dogs from indigenous communities in the Amazon region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arlei Marcili
- PhD Program in One Health, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonas Moraes-Filho
- PhD Program in One Health, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia T R Lima
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herbert S Soares
- PhD Program in One Health, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio F Malheiros
- Faculty of Agricultural and Biological Sciences (FACAB), State University of Mato Grosso, Cáceres, Brazil
| | - Salatiel Ribeiro Dias
- Laboratory of Animal Health (LARSANA), Federal University of Western Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, Brazil
| | - Solange M Gennari
- PhD Program in One Health, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo B Labruna
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Richardson EA, Roe RM, Apperson CS, Ponnusamy L. Rickettsia amblyommatis in Ticks: A Review of Distribution, Pathogenicity, and Diversity. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020493. [PMID: 36838458 PMCID: PMC9960904 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rickettsia amblyommatis is a potentially pathogenic species of Rickettsia within the spotted fever group vectored by ticks. While many studies have been published on this species, there is debate over its pathogenicity and the inhibitory role it plays in diagnosing illnesses caused by other spotted fever group Rickettsia species. Many publications have recorded the high infection prevalence of R. amblyommatis in tick populations at a global scale. While this species is rather ubiquitous, questions remain over the epidemiological importance of this possible human pathogen. With tick-borne diseases on the rise, understanding the exact role that R. amblyommatis plays as a pathogen and inhibitor of infection relative to other tick-borne pathogens will help public health efforts. The goal of this review was to compile the known literature on R. amblyommatis, review what we know about its geographic distribution, tick vectors, and pathogenicity, assess relatedness between various international strains from ticks by phylogenetic analysis and draw conclusions regarding future research needed.
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Li F, Tian J, Wang L, Yang Z, Lu M, Qin X, Zhao H, Chen J, Li K. High Prevalence of Rickettsia bellii in Mosquitoes From Eastern China. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:390-393. [PMID: 34665223 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are the most important vectors carrying significant numbers of human pathogens. Recent studies implicated that mosquitoes play an important role in circulation and transmission of multiple Rickettsia species. In this study, Rickettsia bellii was identified in four mosquito species (Culex pipiens, C. tritaeniorhynchus, Aedes albopictus, and Anopheles sinensis) collected from three Eastern China provinces during 2019-2020. Rickettsia bellii was detected in 37.50 and 26.32% of the C. pipiens pools from Beijing and Jiangsu province, respectively. In C. tritaeniorhynchus and An. sinensis from Shandong, the infection rate is 20.00 and 6.25%, respectively. Additionally, three Ae. albopictus pools (3/42, 7.14%) from Beijing were also detected positive for R. bellii. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis on 16S, gltA, and groEL genes indicates that sequences from all these strains are highly homologous and closely related to other R. bellii strains. This is the first report that Ae. albopictus and C. tritaeniorhynchus harbor R. bellii. The wide host range and high infection rate in certain areas may dramatically increase the exposure of R. bellii to human and other vertebrates. The role of mosquitoes in transmission of rickettsiosis and its potential risk to public health should be further considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Yancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province 224000, China
| | - Junhua Tian
- Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430024, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Laoshan No. 3 Middle School, Qingdao City, Shandong Province 266061, China
| | - Zhengpei Yang
- Liping Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Southeast Guizhou Miao-Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province 557300, China
| | - Miao Lu
- Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping District, Beijing City 102206, China
| | - Xincheng Qin
- Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping District, Beijing City 102206, China
| | - Hongqing Zhao
- Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping District, Beijing City 102206, China
| | - Jintao Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping District, Beijing City 102206, China
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4
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Codeço CT, Dal'Asta AP, Rorato AC, Lana RM, Neves TC, Andreazzi CS, Barbosa M, Escada MIS, Fernandes DA, Rodrigues DL, Reis IC, Silva-Nunes M, Gontijo AB, Coelho FC, Monteiro AMV. Epidemiology, Biodiversity, and Technological Trajectories in the Brazilian Amazon: From Malaria to COVID-19. Front Public Health 2021; 9:647754. [PMID: 34327184 PMCID: PMC8314010 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.647754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and environmental landscape transformations are linked to the regional agrarian economy dynamics, which has developed into six techno-productive trajectories (TTs). These TTs are the product of the historical interaction between Peasant and Farmer and Rancher practices, technologies and rationalities. This article investigates the distribution of the dominant Brazilian Amazon TTs and their association with environmental degradation and vulnerability to neglected tropical diseases. The goal is to provide a framework for the joint debate of the local economic, environmental and health dimensions. We calculated the dominant TT for each municipality in 2017. Peasant trajectories (TT1, TT2, and TT3) are dominant in ca. fifty percent of the Amazon territory, mostly concentrated in areas covered by continuous forest where malaria is an important morbidity and mortality cause. Cattle raising trajectories are associated with higher deforestation rates. Meanwhile, Farmer and Rancher economies are becoming dominant trajectories, comprising large scale cattle and grain production. These trajectories are associated with rapid biodiversity loss and a high prevalence of neglected tropical diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Aedes-borne diseases and Chagas disease. Overall, these results defy simplistic views that the dominant development trajectory for the Amazon will optimize economic, health and environmental indicators. This approach lays the groundwork for a more integrated narrative consistent with the economic history of the Brazilian Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia T. Codeço
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Dal'Asta
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Ana C. Rorato
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
- Centro de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Raquel M. Lana
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C. Neves
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cecilia S. Andreazzi
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milton Barbosa
- Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, DGEE, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria I. S. Escada
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Danilo A. Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem, Brazil
| | - Danuzia L. Rodrigues
- Instituto de Estudos em Desenvolvimento Agrário e Regional, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Maraba, Brazil
| | - Izabel C. Reis
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre B. Gontijo
- Laboratório de Produtos Florestais, Serviço Florestal Brasileiro, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Flavio C. Coelho
- Escola de Matemática Aplicada, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio M. V. Monteiro
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
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5
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Terças-Trettel ACP, de Melo AVG, de Oliveira RC, Guterres A, Fernandes J, Pereira LS, Atanaka M, Espinosa MM, Teixeira BR, Bonvicino CR, D’Andrea PS, de Lemos ERS. Orthohantavirus Survey in Indigenous Lands in a Savannah-Like Biome, Brazil. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061122. [PMID: 34207939 PMCID: PMC8230715 DOI: 10.3390/v13061122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, the first confirmed cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in Indigenous populations occurred in 2001. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of orthohantavirus infections in the Utiariti Indigenous land located in the southeastern region of the Brazilian Amazon. In December 2014 and 2015, a survey was conducted using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in nine villages belonging to the Haliti–Paresí Indigenous communities. A total of 301 participants were enrolled in the study. Of the two study cohorts, the one from 2014 showed a prevalence of 12.4%, whereas the one from 2015 had a serum prevalence of 13.4%. Analysis of the paired samples of 110 Indigenous people who participated in both stages of the study enabled identification of four individuals who had seroconverted during the study period. Identifying the circulation of orthohantaviruses in the Utiariti Indigenous land highlights a serious public health problem in viral expansion and highlights the need to implement preventive measures appropriate to the sociocultural reality of these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Pereira Terças-Trettel
- Nursing Department, Mato Grosso State University Campus Tangara da Serra, Tangara da Serra 78300-000, MT, Brazil;
- Public Health Institute, Mato Grosso Federal University, Cuiaba 78060-900, MT, Brazil; (M.A.); (M.M.E.)
- Laboratory of Hantaviruses and Rickettsioses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (A.G.); (J.F.); (L.S.P.)
| | | | - Renata Carvalho de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Hantaviruses and Rickettsioses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (A.G.); (J.F.); (L.S.P.)
| | - Alexandro Guterres
- Laboratory of Hantaviruses and Rickettsioses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (A.G.); (J.F.); (L.S.P.)
| | - Jorlan Fernandes
- Laboratory of Hantaviruses and Rickettsioses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (A.G.); (J.F.); (L.S.P.)
| | - Liana Stretch Pereira
- Laboratory of Hantaviruses and Rickettsioses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (A.G.); (J.F.); (L.S.P.)
| | - Marina Atanaka
- Public Health Institute, Mato Grosso Federal University, Cuiaba 78060-900, MT, Brazil; (M.A.); (M.M.E.)
| | - Mariano Martinez Espinosa
- Public Health Institute, Mato Grosso Federal University, Cuiaba 78060-900, MT, Brazil; (M.A.); (M.M.E.)
| | - Bernardo Rodrigues Teixeira
- Laboratory of Biology and Parasitology of Wild Mammals Reservoirs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (B.R.T.); (C.R.B.); (P.S.D.)
| | - Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino
- Laboratory of Biology and Parasitology of Wild Mammals Reservoirs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (B.R.T.); (C.R.B.); (P.S.D.)
| | - Paulo Sérgio D’Andrea
- Laboratory of Biology and Parasitology of Wild Mammals Reservoirs, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (B.R.T.); (C.R.B.); (P.S.D.)
| | - Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos
- Laboratory of Hantaviruses and Rickettsioses, Oswaldo Cruz Institute—FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil; (R.C.d.O.); (A.G.); (J.F.); (L.S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2562-1706
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6
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Dzul-Rosado K, Lugo-Caballero C, Juárez-Ramírez C, Gómez-Dantés H, Montalvo-Nah E, Cituk-Cob S, Puerto-Manzano F. Understanding risk perception from traditional knowledge of Mayan farmers on Rickettsioses. Glob Public Health 2020; 15:1857-1870. [PMID: 32552437 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2020.1782450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Rickettsioses are a group of tick-borne infectious diseases. The clinical presentation is characterised by unspecified manifestations seen in illnesses such as dengue, zika, and chikungunya, so identification is complicated. The greatest impact occurs among the world's poorest populations. Rickettsioses have hardly been studied from a qualitative perspective to show the cultural horizon of the people affected. We aimed to describe the perception of Mayan indigenous farmers about their risk perception for disease transmission. We used the ethnographic method and built life stories. From the perspective of people interviewed, their relationship with the reservoirs for vectors did not represent a high risk, did not consider that blisters and other skin lesions are caused by tick bites. Contributions as this article show the thinking logic underlying the perception of risk of these impoverished populations. To produce synergy with prevention efforts, it is necessary to know the cultural perspectives of targeted groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dzul-Rosado
- Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases Laboratory, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi Regional Research Center, Yucatan Autonomous University, City Center, Mérida, México
| | - Cesar Lugo-Caballero
- Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases Laboratory, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi Regional Research Center, Yucatan Autonomous University, City Center, Mérida, México
| | - Clara Juárez-Ramírez
- Center of Health Systems Research-National Institute of Public Health of México, CDMX, México
| | - Héctor Gómez-Dantés
- Center of Health Systems Research-National Institute of Public Health of México, CDMX, México
| | - Elisia Montalvo-Nah
- Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases Laboratory, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi Regional Research Center, Yucatan Autonomous University, City Center, Mérida, México
| | - Sandy Cituk-Cob
- Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases Laboratory, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi Regional Research Center, Yucatan Autonomous University, City Center, Mérida, México
| | - Fernando Puerto-Manzano
- Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases Laboratory, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi Regional Research Center, Yucatan Autonomous University, City Center, Mérida, México
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de Mendonça RFB, Colle AC, Freitas LC, Martins TF, Horta MC, Oliveira GMB, Pacheco RC, Mateus LAF, Rossi RV. Ectoparasites of small mammals in a fragmented area of the southern Amazonia: interaction networks and correlations with seasonality and host sex. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2020; 81:117-134. [PMID: 32300917 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to analyze the ectoparasite-host interaction network and possible differences of this interaction related to two seasonal periods and host sex. During November 2016 and July 2017, non-flying small mammals were captured in 17 forest fragments located in the southern portion of the Amazon biome. We captured 96 individuals belonging to 10 host species that were parasitized with a total of 3668 ectoparasites. Overall, we identified 24 ectoparasite taxa belonging to the mite and insect groups Ixodida (ticks), Mesostigmata, Sarcoptiformes, Trombidiformes (mites), Phthiraptera (lice), and Siphonaptera (fleas). The interaction network between all ectoparasites and hosts showed significant deviation from random, with moderately high specialization index (H2' = 0.80). There was seasonal difference in prevalence for Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius) sensu stricto (s.s), Amblyomma coelebs Neumann and larvae of Amblyomma. This difference was also found in the mean intensity of infestation of Amblyomma larvae and the mite Tur aragaoi (Fonseca). Only mean intensity of infestation differed in relation to host sex for the species Marmosa constantiae Thomas. Our results demonstrate that specificity between ectoparasites and small mammals in this region is moderately high and that the pattern of aggregation of some ectoparasite taxa differed between two seasons, as well as between sexes in M. constantiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravena F B de Mendonça
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, nº2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.
| | - Ana C Colle
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, nº2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Leodil C Freitas
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, nº2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Thiago F Martins
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva E Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brasil
| | - Maurício C Horta
- Universidade Federal do Vale do Rio São Francisco, Campus de Ciências Agrárias. CMVET, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543 - Projeto de Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho, s/n, Petrolina, PE, 56300990, Brasil
| | - Glauber M B Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Vale do Rio São Francisco, Campus de Ciências Agrárias. CMVET, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12, Lote 543 - Projeto de Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho, s/n, Petrolina, PE, 56300990, Brasil
| | - Richard C Pacheco
- Programa de Pós-graduação Em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, nº2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Lúcia A F Mateus
- Centro de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, nº2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
| | - Rogério V Rossi
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, nº2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil
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8
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Phenology of Amblyomma sculptum in a degraded area of Atlantic rainforest in north-eastern Brazil. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2019; 10:101263. [PMID: 31331735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Amblyomma sculptum is the principal vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, the main agent of spotted fever rickettsiosis in Brazil. Little information is available regarding the population dynamics of this tick in some regions, including north-eastern Brazil, where cases of spotted fever rickettsioses are increasingly reported. Herein, we studied the phenology of A. sculptum in a rural area in north-eastern Brazil. Ticks were collected from the environment, using dry ice-baited traps, monthly for two consecutive years. In total, 1500 ticks were collected: 94 females (6.3%), 74 males (4.9%), 468 nymphs (31.2%), and 864 larvae (57.6%). All nymphs and females were identified as A. sculptum. Males were tentatively identified as A. sculptum and larvae as Amblyomma spp. Ticks were more numerous during spring and summer, followed by autumn and winter. Peaks of larvae and nymphs were recorded during summer and spring, respectively, whereas adults were more frequently collected in spring. A total of 380 ticks were tested by PCR for the gltA gene of Rickettsia spp., but none of them were positive. While our results revealed a seasonal pattern for A. sculptum in north-eastern Brazil that is distinct from the seasonal pattern in south-eastern Brazil, we caution that the observed pattern could have been biased by the relatively low number of ticks collected. Finally, the absence of Rickettsia-infected ticks does not rule out the possibility that rickettsial organisms are circulating in the study area and further long-term studies are warranted.
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9
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Machado IB, Bitencourth K, Cardoso KM, Oliveira SV, Santalucia M, Marques SFF, Amorim M, GazêTa GS. Diversity of rickettsiae and potential vectors of spotted fever in an area of epidemiological interest in the Cerrado biome, midwestern Brazil. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 32:481-489. [PMID: 29972600 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Brazilian state of Goiás, untouched by spotted fever (SF) until 2012, has subsequently reported cases of the disease in several regions. This study aimed to survey the diversity of potential vectors and rickettsia in areas of Goiás under environmental surveillance or case investigation for SF. Collected specimens were assayed with molecular biology technology using DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing of fragments of the genes gltA, ompA, ompB and sca4 to detect rickettsia in ticks and fleas. Amplification of cytochrome oxidase subunit II and 16S rRNA was performed to assist tick identification. Rickettsia felis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) was found in Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché, 1835) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). Rickettsia bellii was found in Amblyomma rotundatum Koch, 1844 (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and in Amblyomma cajennense sensu lato. Rickettsia sp. strain NOD was found in Amblyomma nodosum Neumann, 1899. Of the Amblyomma cajennense complex, Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888 was confirmed in the northern, northeast, midwest and southeast regions of Goiás, whereas Amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto (Fabricius, 1787) was found only in the northern region of the state. Amblyomma dubitatum Neumann, 1899 associated with a species of the A. cajennense complex was the most common epidemiological finding, although Rickettsia rickettsii was not detected. This is the first report of Rickettsia sp. strain NOD in Goiás.
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Affiliation(s)
- I B Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - K Bitencourth
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - K M Cardoso
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - S V Oliveira
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Unidade Técnica de Vigilância de Zoonoses, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - M Santalucia
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - S F F Marques
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - M Amorim
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - G S GazêTa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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10
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Aguirre AAR, Garcia MV, Costa IND, Csordas BG, Rodrigues VDS, Medeiros JF, Andreotti R. New records of tick-associated spotted fever group Rickettsia in an Amazon-Savannah ecotone, Brazil. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 9:1038-1044. [PMID: 29625922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human rickettsiosis has been recorded in the Amazon Biome. However, the epidemiological cycle of causative rickettsiae has not been fully accounted for in the Amazon region. This study investigates the presence of spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia spp. in free-living unfed ticks of the Amblyomma genus. The study was conducted in seven municipalities in Rondonia State, Brazil, where the main biomes are Amazon forest, Brazilian Savannah and their ecotones (areas of ecological tension between open ombrophilous forest and savannah). The following tick species were collected: Amblyomma cajennense (sensu lato) s.l., A. cajennense (sensu stricto) s.s., A. coelebs, A. naponense, A. oblongoguttatum, A. romitii, A. scalpturatum and A. sculptum. A total of 167 adults, 248 nymphs and 1004 larvae were subjected to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the presence of SFG Rickettsia spp. PCR-positive samples included: one A. cajennense s.s. female and one A. cajennense s.l. male from a rural area in Vilhena Municipality; 10 nymphs and a sample of larvae of A. cajennense s.l. from a peri-urban area in Cacoal Municipality; and an A. oblongoguttatum adult male from a rural area of Pimenta Bueno Municipality. All sequences obtained exhibited 100% identity with Rickettsia amblyommatis sequences. This is the first confirmation of SFG Rickettsia in an A. oblongoguttatum tick. Furthermore, this is the first record of SFG Rickettsia in the municipalities targeted by this study. These results warn that SFG Rickettsia circulation poses a threat in Rondonia State (among Amazon-Savannah ecotones), and that this threat is increased by the fact that SFG Rickettsia infect a human-biting tick species hitherto unconfirmed as a vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A R Aguirre
- Plataforma de Criação e Experimentação Animal, Fiocruz Rondônia, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, n° 7671, Bairro Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva, Bairro Universitário, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Valério Garcia
- Laboratórios de Biologia Molecular e do Carrapato, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Av. Rádio Maia, n° 830, Zona Rural, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79106-550, Brazil
| | - Ivaneide Nunes da Costa
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Fiocruz Rondônia, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua da Beira, n° 7671, Bairro Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364, Km 9,5, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76801-059, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Guimarães Csordas
- Laboratórios de Biologia Molecular e do Carrapato, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Av. Rádio Maia, n° 830, Zona Rural, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79106-550, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva, Bairro Universitário, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vinícius da Silva Rodrigues
- Laboratórios de Biologia Molecular e do Carrapato, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Av. Rádio Maia, n° 830, Zona Rural, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79106-550, Brazil
| | - Jansen Fernandes Medeiros
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Fiocruz Rondônia, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua da Beira, n° 7671, Bairro Lagoa, Porto Velho, RO, CEP 76812-245, Brazil
| | - Renato Andreotti
- Laboratórios de Biologia Molecular e do Carrapato, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Av. Rádio Maia, n° 830, Zona Rural, Campo Grande, MS, CEP 79106-550, Brazil
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11
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Fernandes J, de Oliveira RC, Guterres A, Barreto-Vieira DF, Terças ACP, Teixeira BR, da Silva MAN, Caldas GC, de Oliveira Coelho JMC, Barth OM, D'Andrea PS, Bonvicino CR, de Lemos ERS. Detection of Latino virus (Arenaviridae: Mammarenavirus) naturally infecting Calomys callidus. Acta Trop 2018; 179:17-24. [PMID: 29217383 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammarenavirus species are associated with a specific rodent host species, although an increasing number of virus has been associated to more than one host, suggesting that co-evolution is less robust than initially thought. There are few eco-epidemiological studies of South America mammarenaviruses in non-endemic areas of Arenavirus Hemorrhagic Fever, affecting specially our current knowledge about animal reservoirs and virus range and host-virus relations. In Brazil, seven arenavirus species were described in seven different rodent species. Here in we describe a new rodent reservoir species in Brazil related to the previously described Latino mammarenavirus (LATV) MARU strain. Samples of 148 rodents from Mato Grosso state, Brazil were analyzed. Amplification of the glycoprotein precursor gene (GPC) was observed in six Calomys callidus rodents. According to phylogenetic inferences, is observed a well-supported monophyletic clade of LATV from C. callidus and other Clade C mammarenavirus. In addition, the phylogenetic relations of both genes showed a close relation between LATV MARU and Capão Seco strains, two distinct lineages. Additionally, the results obtained in this study point out to a change of scenario and in previously stabilized patterns in the dynamics of South American mammarenaviruses, showing that with more studies in AHF non-endemic or silent areas, more potential hosts for this virus will be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorlan Fernandes
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil.
| | - Renata Carvalho de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandro Guterres
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | - Débora Ferreira Barreto-Vieira
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardo Rodrigues Teixeira
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos Alexandre Nunes da Silva
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Cardoso Caldas
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ortrud Monika Barth
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sergio D'Andrea
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil
| | - Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional do Câncer - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20230-092 RJ, Brazil
| | - Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-360 RJ, Brazil.
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12
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Minervino AHH, Lima JTR, Soares HS, Malheiros AF, Marcili A, Krawczak FDS, Lopes MG, Martins TF, Moreira TR, Ribeiro MFB, Labruna MB, Gennari SM. Seroprevalence of Tick-Borne Pathogens and Tick Infestation in Dogs from Tapirapé and Karajá Indigenous Communities, Brazil. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2017; 15:412-8. [PMID: 26186512 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim of studying some tick-borne diseases, a total of 327 dogs (114 from Tapirapé and 213 from Karajá indigenous ethnicity, Mato Grosso, MT, Brazil) were sampled. Serum samples were submitted to the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) to detect antibodies against Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis, and Rickettsia spp. Possible associations of risk factors and the occurrence of seroreativity to tick-borne agents and tick infestations were analyzed through chi-squared tests. Among 327 dogs, 46 (13.15%) were seropositive for B. vogeli and 47 (14.37%) for E. canis. The B. vogeli seroprevalence was higher for Karajá and for adult dogs (p>0.05). No association was found for E. canis seroprevalence. From 103 serum samples tested with rickettsial antigens, 90 (87%) dogs were seropositive to Rickettsia spp., with highest reactivity to Rickettsia amblyommii. Canine seropositivity to Rickettsia spp. was associated (p<0.05) with ethnicity (higher seroprevalence in Tapirapé dogs), age (higher in adults), and hunting (higher among hunting dogs). From the 327 dogs, 39 (11.9%) were infested by ticks (Amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto, Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma oblongoguttatum, Amblyomma tigrinum, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus). Infestations by Amblyomma spp. ticks were higher in dogs from Tapirapé community and in hunting dogs (p<0.05). Regarding R. sanguineus, infestations were higher (p<0.05) among young dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil .,2 Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará , Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Herbert Sousa Soares
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Francisco Malheiros
- 3 Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso-UNEMAT, Cáceres, MT, Brazil
| | - Arlei Marcili
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe da Silva Krawczak
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Gomes Lopes
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Fernandes Martins
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Rocha Moreira
- 2 Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará , Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | - Múcio Flávio Barbosa Ribeiro
- 3 Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso-UNEMAT, Cáceres, MT, Brazil
| | - Marcelo B Labruna
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Solange Maria Gennari
- 1 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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13
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First report of "Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii" in west coast of Mexico. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2016; 7:1139-1145. [PMID: 27616774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of "Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii" detected in Amblyomma mixtum ticks on humans on the west coast of Mexico. This is the most western record of "Ca. R. amblyommii" in the Western Hemisphere, representing the first record for the western coast of the Americas. Even if the record is far from the previously known locations for the species it does not represent a new record regarding temperature, precipitation and topographic parameters. Since "Ca. R. amblyommii" antibodies have been detected in patients suspected of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and the tick A. mixtum has been associated with humans, it is important to consider "Ca. R. amblyommii" as a potential risk for the human population that has not been considered at risk before.
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14
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Guterres A, de Oliveira RC, Fernandes J, Schrago CG, de Lemos ERS. Detection of different South American hantaviruses. Virus Res 2015. [PMID: 26220480 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are the etiologic agents of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in Old World, and Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)/Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS), in the New World. Serological methods are the most common approach used for laboratory diagnosis of HCPS, however theses methods do not allow the characterization of viral genotypes. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been extensively used for diagnosis of viral infections, including those caused by hantaviruses, enabling detection of few target sequence copies in the sample. However, most studies proposed methods of PCR with species-specific primers. This study developed a simple and reliable diagnostic system by RT-PCR for different hantavirus detection. Using new primers set, we evaluated human and rodent hantavirus positive samples of various regions from Brazil. Besides, we performed computational analyzes to evaluate the detection of other South American hantaviruses. The diagnostic system by PCR proved to be a sensible and simple assay, allowing amplification of Juquitiba virus, Araraquara virus, Laguna Negra virus, Rio Mamore virus and Jabora virus, beyond of the possibility of the detecting Andes, Anajatuba, Bermejo, Choclo, Cano Delgadito, Lechiguanas, Maciel, Oran, Pergamino and Rio Mearim viruses. The primers sets designed in this study can detect hantaviruses from almost all known genetics lineages in Brazil and from others South America countries and also increases the possibility to detect new hantaviruses. These primers could easily be used both in diagnosis of suspected hantavirus infections in humans and also in studies with animals reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro Guterres
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Renata Carvalho de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorlan Fernandes
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Guerra Schrago
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos
- Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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15
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Zemtsova GE, Montgomery M, Levin ML. Relative sensitivity of conventional and real-time PCR assays for detection of SFG Rickettsia in blood and tissue samples from laboratory animals. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116658. [PMID: 25607846 PMCID: PMC4301817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on the natural transmission cycles of zoonotic pathogens and the reservoir competence of vertebrate hosts require methods for reliable diagnosis of infection in wild and laboratory animals. Several PCR-based applications have been developed for detection of infections caused by Spotted Fever group Rickettsia spp. in a variety of animal tissues. These assays are being widely used by researchers, but they differ in their sensitivity and reliability. We compared the sensitivity of five previously published conventional PCR assays and one SYBR green-based real-time PCR assay for the detection of rickettsial DNA in blood and tissue samples from Rickettsia- infected laboratory animals (n = 87). The real-time PCR, which detected rickettsial DNA in 37.9% of samples, was the most sensitive. The next best were the semi-nested ompA assay and rpoB conventional PCR, which detected as positive 18.4% and 14.9% samples respectively. Conventional assays targeting ompB, gltA and hrtA genes have been the least sensitive. Therefore, we recommend the SYBR green-based real-time PCR as a tool for the detection of rickettsial DNA in animal samples due to its higher sensitivity when compared to more traditional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina E. Zemtsova
- Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Merrill Montgomery
- Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Levin
- Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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16
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Soares HS, Barbieri ARM, Martins TF, Minervino AHH, de Lima JTR, Marcili A, Gennari SM, Labruna MB. Ticks and rickettsial infection in the wildlife of two regions of the Brazilian Amazon. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2015; 65:125-140. [PMID: 25273064 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-014-9851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
During 2009-2012, wild animals and their ticks were sampled in two areas within the Amazon biome of Brazil, in the states of Mato Grosso and Pará. Animal tissues, blood, and ticks were molecularly tested for Rickettsia and Coxiella DNA. A total of 182 wild animals were sampled, comprising 28 mammalian, five avian, and three reptilian species. Animal tissues or blood were all negative for Rickettsia or Coxiella DNA. A total of 454 ticks (22 larvae, 226 nymphs, 127 males, 79 females) were collected from 52 (28.6%) animals, and identified into 15 species: Amblyomma cajennense, A. naponense, A. humerale, A. nodosum, A. goeldii, A. oblongoguttatum, A. longirostre, A. calcaratum, A. coelebs, A. pacae, A. geayii, A. rotundatum, A. auricularium, A. ovale, and Haemaphysalis juxtakochi. While no Coxiella DNA was identified in ticks, six Rickettsia species were detected in the ticks. "Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii" was the most common agent, detected in four tick species, A. cajennense, A. auricularium, A. longirostre, and A. humerale. The second most common agent, R. bellii, was detected in A. humerale and A. naponense. Rickettsia rhipicephali was detected in H. juxtakochi, and R. felis in A. humerale. Two possible new Rickettsia species were detected in A. naponense ticks, namely, a novel spotted fever group agent close-related to R. africae in Pará, and a novel Canadensis group agent in Mato Grosso. Results of the present study expand our knowledge on the tick fauna, and on the yet infantile knowledge of tick-borne rickettsiae in the Amazon biome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert S Soares
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil
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