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Safarpour A, Ebrahimi M, Fazeli SAS, Amoozegar MA. A phenol amine molecule from Salinivenus iranica acts as the inhibitor of cancer stem cells in breast cancer cell lines. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12669. [PMID: 37542193 PMCID: PMC10403564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the anticancer properties of metabolites from halophilic microorganisms have received a lot of attention. Twenty-nine halophilic bacterial strains were selected from a culture collection to test the effects of their supernatant metabolites on stem cell-like properties of six human cancer cell lines. Human fibroblasts were used as normal control. Sphere and colony formation assay were done to assess the stem cell-like properties. invasion and migration assay, and tumor development in mice model were done to assess the anti-tumorigenesis effect in vitro and in vivo. The metabolites from Salinivenus iranica demonstrated the most potent cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell lines (IC50 = 100 µg/mL) among all strains, with no effect on normal cells. In MDA-MB-231 cells, the supernatant metabolites enhanced both early and late apoptosis (approximately 9.5% and 48.8%, respectively) and decreased the sphere and colony formation ability of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, after intratumor injection of metabolites, tumors developed in the mice models reduced dramatically, associated with increased pro-apoptotic caspase-3 expression. The purified cytotoxic molecule, a phenol amine with a molecular weight of 1961.73 Dalton (IC50 = 1 µg/mL), downregulated pluripotency gene SRY-Box Transcription Factor 2 (SOX-2) expression in breast cancer cells which is associated with resistance to conventional anticancer treatment. In conclusion, we suggested that the phenol amine molecule from Salinivenus iranica could be a potential anti-breast cancer component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Safarpour
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, 19395-4644, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, 19395-4644, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Carbon sources and pathways for citrate secreted by human prostate cancer cells determined by NMR tracing and metabolic modeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2024357119. [PMID: 35353621 PMCID: PMC9168453 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024357119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The human prostate accumulates high luminal citrate levels to serve sperm viability. There is only indirect qualitative evidence about metabolic pathways and carbon sources maintaining these levels. Human citrate-secreting prostate cancer cells were supplied with 13C-labeled substrates, and NMR spectra of extracellular fluid were recorded. We report absolute citrate production rates of prostate cells and direct evidence that glucose is the main carbon source for secreted citrate. Pyruvate carboxylase provides sufficient anaplerotic carbons to support citrate secretion. Glutamine carbons exchange with carbons for secreted citrate but are likely not involved in its net synthesis. Moreover, we developed metabolic models employing the 13C distribution in extracellular citrate as input to assess intracellular pathways followed by carbons toward citrate. Prostate epithelial cells have the unique capacity to secrete large amounts of citrate, but the carbon sources and metabolic pathways that maintain this production are not well known. We mapped potential pathways for citrate carbons in the human prostate cancer metastasis cell lines LNCaP and VCaP, for which we first established that they secrete citrate (For LNCaP 5.6 ± 0.9 nmol/h per 106 cells). Using 13C-labeled substrates, we traced the incorporation of 13C into citrate by NMR of extracellular fluid. Our results provide direct evidence that glucose is a main carbon source for secreted citrate. We also demonstrate that carbons from supplied glutamine flow via oxidative Krebs cycle and reductive carboxylation routes to positions in secreted citrate but likely do not contribute to its net synthesis. The potential anaplerotic carbon sources aspartate and asparagine did not contribute to citrate carbons. We developed a quantitative metabolic model employing the 13C distribution in extracellular citrate after 13C glucose and pyruvate application to assess intracellular pathways of carbons for secreted citrate. From this model, it was estimated that in LNCaP about 21% of pyruvate entering the Krebs cycle is converted via pyruvate carboxylase as an anaplerotic route at a rate more than sufficient to compensate carbon loss of this cycle by citrate secretion. This model provides an estimation of the fraction of molecules, including citrate, leaving the Krebs cycle at every turn. The measured ratios of 13C atoms at different positions in extracellular citrate may serve as biomarkers for (malignant) epithelial cell metabolism.
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Srinivasan S, Kryza T, Batra J, Clements J. Remodelling of the tumour microenvironment by the kallikrein-related peptidases. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:223-238. [PMID: 35102281 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are critical regulators of the tumour microenvironment. KLKs are proteolytic enzymes regulating multiple functions of bioactive molecules including hormones and growth factors, membrane receptors and the extracellular matrix architecture involved in cancer progression and metastasis. Perturbations of the proteolytic cascade generated by these peptidases, and their downstream signalling actions, underlie tumour emergence or blockade of tumour growth. Recent studies have also revealed their role in tumour immune suppression and resistance to cancer therapy. Here, we present an overview of the complex biology of the KLK family and its context-dependent nature in cancer, and discuss the different therapeutic strategies available to potentially target these proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srilakshmi Srinivasan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas Kryza
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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4
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Zhang Y, Song M, Mucci LA, Giovannucci EL. Zinc supplement use and risk of aggressive prostate cancer: a 30-year follow-up study. Eur J Epidemiol 2022; 37:1251-1260. [PMID: 36326979 PMCID: PMC9630799 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-022-00922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc supplementation was hypothesized to have therapeutic potential against prostate cancer, but its influence on prostate cancer incidence especially at high doses is controversial. METHODS A total of 47,240 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study were followed from 1986 to 2016. Men reported their zinc supplement use at baseline and biennially thereafter. Clinical features of prostate cancer included stage, grade, lethal and aggressive (T4 or N1 or M1 or Gleason 8-10) outcome. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between zinc supplement use and incidence of prostate cancer. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 28.3 years, we documented 6,980 incident prostate cancer cases including 1,053 lethal and 1,143 aggressive. Zinc supplement use was not associated with overall, localized, low- and intermediate-grade prostate cancer. However, compared to never-users, men who used supplement zinc more than 75 mg/day were at higher risk for lethal (HR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.16-2.66, Ptrend = 0.001) and aggressive prostate cancer (HR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.19-2.73, Ptrend = 0.006). Similarly, men who took supplemental zinc for 15 or more years had a higher risk for lethal (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.28-2.85, Ptrend <0.001) and aggressive prostate cancer (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.03-2.33, Ptrend = 0.004). CONCLUSION Zinc supplementation of more than 75 mg per day or over 15 years may substantially increase risk of lethal and aggressive prostate cancer. Caution is warranted regarding excessive usage of zinc supplements among adult men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, 02115 Boston, MA USA
| | - Lorelei A. Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Edward L. Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA ,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, 02115 Boston, MA USA
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Structurally diverse heterobimetallic Pb(II)-Salen complexes mechanistic notion of cytotoxic activity against neuroblastoma cancer cell: Synthesis, characterization, protein–ligand interaction profiler, and intuitions from DFT. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Singh CK, Chhabra G, Patel A, Chang H, Ahmad N. Dietary Phytochemicals in Zinc Homeostasis: A Strategy for Prostate Cancer Management. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061867. [PMID: 34070833 PMCID: PMC8226978 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested an important role of the trace element zinc (Zn) in prostate biology and functions. Zn has been shown to exist in very high concentrations in the healthy prostate and is important for several prostatic functions. In prostate cancer (PCa), Zn levels are significantly decreased and inversely correlated with disease progression. Ideally, restoration of adequate Zn levels in premalignant/malignant prostate cells could abort prostate malignancy. However, studies have shown that Zn supplementation is not an efficient way to significantly increase Zn concentrations in PCa. Based on a limited number of investigations, the reason for the lower levels of Zn in PCa is believed to be the dysregulation of Zn transporters (especially ZIP and ZnT family of proteins), metallothioneins (for storing and releasing Zn), and their regulators (e.g., Zn finger transcription factor RREB1). Interestingly, the level of Zn in cells has been shown to be modulated by naturally occurring dietary phytochemicals. In this review, we discussed the effect of selected phytochemicals (quercetin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and curcumin) on Zn functioning and proposes that Zn in combination with specific dietary phytochemicals may lead to enhanced Zn bioaccumulation in the prostate, and therefore, may inhibit PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K. Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (C.K.S.); (G.C.); (A.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (C.K.S.); (G.C.); (A.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Arth Patel
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (C.K.S.); (G.C.); (A.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (C.K.S.); (G.C.); (A.P.); (H.C.)
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (C.K.S.); (G.C.); (A.P.); (H.C.)
- William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(608)-263-5359
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7
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Cohen L, Livney YD, Assaraf YG. Targeted nanomedicine modalities for prostate cancer treatment. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 56:100762. [PMID: 33857756 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cause of death amongst men in the USA. Therapy of PC has been transformed in the past decade by introducing novel therapeutics, advanced functional imaging and diagnostic approaches, next generation sequencing, as well as improved application of existing therapies in localized PC. Treatment of PC at the different stages of the disease may include surgery, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, although ADT has proven efficacious in PC treatment, its effectiveness may be temporary, as these tumors frequently develop molecular mechanisms of therapy resistance, which allow them to survive and proliferate even under conditions of testosterone deprivation, inhibition of androgen receptor signaling, or cytotoxic drug treatment. Importantly, ADT was found to induce key alterations which frequently result in the formation of metastatic tumors displaying a therapy refractory phenotype. Hence, to overcome these serious therapeutic impediments, novel PC cell-targeted therapeutic strategies are being developed. These include diverse platforms enabling specific enhanced antitumor drug uptake and increased intracellular accumulation. Studies have shown that these novel treatment modalities lead to enhanced antitumor activity and diminished systemic toxicity due to the use of selective targeting and decreased drug doses. The underlying mechanism of targeting and internalization is based upon the interaction between a selective ligand, conjugated to a drug-loaded nanoparticle or directly to an anti-cancer drug, and a specific plasma membrane biomarker, uniquely overexpressed on the surface of PC cells. Another targeted therapeutic approach is the delivery of unique anti-oncogenic signaling pathway-based therapeutic drugs, which are selectively cytotoxic to PC cells. The current paper reviews PC targeted modalities reported in the past 6 years, and discusses both the advantages and limitations of the various targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lital Cohen
- The Laboratory of Biopolymers for Food and Health, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yoav D Livney
- The Laboratory of Biopolymers for Food and Health, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
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8
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López-Cánovas JL, Del Rio-Moreno M, García-Fernandez H, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Moreno-Montilla MT, Sánchez-Frias ME, Amado V, L-López F, Fondevila MF, Ciria R, Gómez-Luque I, Briceño J, Nogueiras R, de la Mata M, Castaño JP, Rodriguez-Perálvarez M, Luque RM, Gahete MD. Splicing factor SF3B1 is overexpressed and implicated in the aggressiveness and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2021; 496:72-83. [PMID: 33038489 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Splicing alterations represent an actionable cancer hallmark. Splicing factor 3B subunit 1 (SF3B1) is a crucial splicing factor that can be targeted pharmacologically (e.g. pladienolide-B). Here, we show that SF3B1 is overexpressed (RNA/protein) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in two retrospective (n = 154 and n = 172 samples) and in five in silico cohorts (n > 900 samples, including TCGA) and that its expression is associated with tumor aggressiveness, oncogenic splicing variants expression (KLF6-SV1, BCL-XL) and decreased overall survival. In vitro, SF3B1 silencing reduced cell viability, proliferation and migration and its pharmacological blockade with pladienolide-B inhibited proliferation, migration, and formation of tumorspheres and colonies in liver cancer cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, SNU-387), whereas its effects on normal-like hepatocyte-derived THLE-2 proliferation were negligible. Pladienolide-B also reduced the in vivo growth and the expression of tumor-markers in Hep3B-induced xenograft tumors. Moreover, SF3B1 silencing and/or blockade markedly modulated the activation of key signaling pathways (PDK1, GSK3b, ERK, JNK, AMPK) and the expression of cancer-associated genes (CDK4, CD24) and oncogenic SVs (KLF6-SV1). Therefore, the genetic and/or pharmacological inhibition of SF3B1 may represent a promising novel therapeutic strategy worth to be explored through randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan L López-Cánovas
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Mercedes Del Rio-Moreno
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Helena García-Fernandez
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - M Trinidad Moreno-Montilla
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Marina E Sánchez-Frias
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Víctor Amado
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Fernando L-López
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Marcos F Fondevila
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Rubén Ciria
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Irene Gómez-Luque
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Javier Briceño
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Unit of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Manuel de la Mata
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodriguez-Perálvarez
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, 14004, Spain; CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Córdoba, 14004, Spain.
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9
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Story MJ. Zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D: An essential combination for prevention and treatment of cancers. Biochimie 2020; 181:100-122. [PMID: 33307154 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and vitamin D are essential nutrients for health, maturation and general wellbeing. Extensive literature searches have revealed the widespread similarity in molecular biological properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D, and their similar anti-cancer properties, even though they have different modes of action. These three nutrients are separately essential for good health, especially in the aged. Zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D are inexpensive and safe as they are fundamentally natural and have the properties of correcting and inhibiting undesirable actions without disturbing the normal functions of cells or their extracellular environment. This review of the anticancer properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D is made in the context of the hallmarks of cancer. The anticancer properties of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D can therefore be used beneficially through combined treatment or supplementation. It is proposed that sufficiency of zinc, ω-3 PUFAs and vitamin D is a necessary requirement during chemotherapy treatment and that clinical trials can have questionable integrity if this sufficiency is not checked and maintained during efficacy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Story
- Story Pharmaceutics Pty Ltd, PO Box 6086, Linden Park, South Australia, 5065, Australia.
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10
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Growth Modulatory Role of Zinc in Prostate Cancer and Application to Cancer Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082991. [PMID: 32340289 PMCID: PMC7216164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a group IIB heavy metal. It is an important regulator of major cell signaling pathways in most mammalian cells, functions as an antioxidant and plays a role in maintaining genomic stability. Zinc deficiency leads to severe diseases in the brain, pancreas, liver, kidneys and reproductive organs. Zinc loss occurs during tumor development in a variety of cancers. The prostate normally contains abundant intracellular zinc and zinc loss is a hallmark of the development of prostate cancer development. The underlying mechanism of this loss is not clearly understood. The knowledge that excess zinc prevents the growth of prostate cancers suggests that zinc-mediated therapeutics could be an effective approach for cancer prevention and treatment, although challenges remain. This review summarizes the specific roles of zinc in several cancer types focusing on prostate cancer. The relationship between prostate cancer and the dysregulation of zinc homeostasis is examined in detail in an effort to understand the role of zinc in prostate cancer.
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11
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Advances of Zinc Signaling Studies in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020667. [PMID: 31963946 PMCID: PMC7014440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men worldwide. Despite progresses in early diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, prognosis for patients with advanced PCa remains poor. Noteworthily, a unique feature of healthy prostate is its highest level of zinc content among all soft tissues in the human body, which dramatically decreases during prostate tumorigenesis. To date, several reviews have suggested antitumor activities of zinc and its potential as a therapeutic strategy of PCa. However, an overview about the role of zinc and its signaling in PCa is needed. Here, we review literature related to the content, biological function, compounds and clinical application of zinc in PCa. We first summarize zinc content in prostate tissue and sera of PCa patients with their clinical relevance. We then elaborate biological functions of zinc signaling in PCa on three main aspects, including cell proliferation, death and tumor metastasis. Finally, we discuss clinical applications of zinc-containing compounds and proteins involved in PCa signaling pathways. Based on currently available studies, we conclude that zinc plays a tumor suppressive role and can serve as a biomarker in PCa diagnosis and therapies.
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12
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Wang J, Zhao H, Xu Z, Cheng X. Zinc dysregulation in cancers and its potential as a therapeutic target. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:612-625. [PMID: 32944394 PMCID: PMC7476080 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential element and serves as a structural or catalytic component in many proteins. Two families of transporters are involved in maintaining cellular zinc homeostasis: the ZIP (SLC39A) family that facilitates zinc influx into the cytoplasm, and the ZnT (SLC30A) family that facilitates zinc efflux from the cytoplasm. Zinc dyshomeostasis caused by the dysfunction of zinc transporters can contribute to the initiation or progression of various cancers, including prostate cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer. In addition, intracellular zinc fluctuations lead to the disturbance of certain signaling pathways involved in the malignant properties of cancer cells. This review briefly summarizes our current understanding of zinc dyshomeostasis in cancer, and discusses the potential roles of zinc or zinc transporters in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhelong Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinxin Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Hu WY, Xu L, Chen B, Ou S, Muzzarelli KM, Hu DP, Li Y, Yang Z, Vander Griend DJ, Prins GS, Qin Z. Targeting prostate cancer cells with enzalutamide-HDAC inhibitor hybrid drug 2-75. Prostate 2019; 79:1166-1179. [PMID: 31135075 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) still relies on the function of androgen receptor (AR), achieved by evolving mechanisms to reactivate AR signaling under hormonal therapy. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) disrupt cytoplasmic AR chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) via HDAC6 inhibition, leading to AR degradation and growth suppression of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. However, current HDACis are not effective in clinical trials treating CRPC. METHODS We designed hybrid molecules containing partial chemical scaffolds of AR antagonist enzalutamide (Enz) and HDACi suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) as new anti-PCa agents. We previously demonstrated that Enz-HDACi hybrid drug 2-75 targets both AR and Hsp90, which inhibits the growth of Enz-resistant C4-2 cells. In the current study, we further investigate the molecular and cellular actions of 2-75 and test its anti-PCa effects in vivo. RESULTS Compared with Enz, 2-75 had greater AR antagonistic effects by decreasing the stability, transcriptional activity, and nuclear translocation of intracellular AR. In addition to inhibition of full-length AR (FL AR), 2-75 downregulated the AR-V7 variant in multiple PCa cell lines. Mechanistic studies indicated that the AR affinity of 2-75 retains the drug in the cytoplasm of AR + PCa cells and further directs 2-75 to the AR-associated protein complex, which permits localized effects on AR-associated Hsp90. Further, unlike pan-HDACi SAHA, the cytoplasm-retaining property allows 2-75 to significantly inhibit cytoplasmic HDAC6 with limited impact on nuclear HDACs. These selective cytoplasmic actions of 2-75 overcome the unfavorable resistance and toxicity properties associated with classical AR antagonists, HDACis, and Hsp90 inhibitors. Finally, 2-75 showed greater antitumor activities than Enz in vivo on SQ xenografts derived from LNCaP cells. CONCLUSIONS Novel therapeutic strategy using newly designed 2-75 and related AR antagonist-HDACi hybrid drugs has great potential for effective treatment of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yang Hu
- Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Bailing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Siyu Ou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Kendall M Muzzarelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Dan-Ping Hu
- Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Gail S Prins
- Department of Urology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhihui Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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14
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Zhang P, Schatz A, Adeyemi B, Kozminski D, Welsh J, Tenniswood M, Wang WLW. Vitamin D and testosterone co-ordinately modulate intracellular zinc levels and energy metabolism in prostate cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 189:248-258. [PMID: 30664926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 and its receptor are responsible for controlling energy expenditure in adipocytes and have direct roles in the transcriptional regulation of energy metabolic pathways. This phenomenon also has a significant impact on the etiology of prostate cancer (PCa). Using several in vitro models, the roles of vitamin D3 on energy metabolism and its implication in primary, early, and late invasive PCa were investigated. BODIPY staining and qPCR analyses show that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) up-regulates de novo lipogenesis in PCa cells by orchestrating transcriptional regulation that affects cholesterol and lipid metabolic pathways. This lipogenic effect is highly dependent on the interaction of several nuclear receptors and their corresponding ligands, including androgen receptor (AR), vitamin D receptor (VDR), and retinoid X receptor (RXR). In contrast, inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling blocks the induction of the lipogenic phenotype induced by these receptors. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3, T, and 9 cis-retinoic acid (9-cis RA) together redirect cytosolic citrate metabolism toward fatty acid synthesis by restoring normal prostatic zinc homeostasis that functions to truncate TCA cycle metabolism. 1,25(OH)2D3, T, and 9-cis RA also exert additional control of TCA cycle metabolism by down-regulating SLC25A19, which limits the availability of the co-factor thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) that is required for enzymatic catalyzation of citrate oxidation. This extensive metabolic reprogramming mediated by 1,25(OH)2D3, T, and 9-cis RA is preserved in all in vitro cell lines investigated. These data suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 and T are important regulators of normal prostatic energy metabolism. Based on the close association between energy metabolism and cancer progression, supplementation of vitamin D3 and testosterone can restrict the energy production that is required to drive PCa progression by maintaining proper zinc homeostasis and inhibiting TCA cycle activity in PCa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Adam Schatz
- Department of Urology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, United States
| | - Babatunde Adeyemi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, Albany, NY, 12222, United States
| | - David Kozminski
- Department of Urology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, United States
| | - JoEllen Welsh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Cancer Research Center, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, United States
| | - Martin Tenniswood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, United States
| | - Wei-Lin Winnie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, United States.
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Safarpour A, Ebrahimi M, Shahzadeh Fazeli SA, Amoozegar MA. Supernatant Metabolites from Halophilic Archaea to Reduce Tumorigenesis in Prostate Cancer In-vitro and In-vivo. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:241-253. [PMID: 31089359 PMCID: PMC6487416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Halophilic archaea are known as the novel producers of natural products and their supernatant metabolites could have cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. In the present study, we screened the anticancer potential of supernatant metabolites from eight native haloarchaeal strains obtained from a culture collection in Iran. Five human cancer cell lines including breast, lung, prostate and also human fibroblast cells as the normal control were used in the present study. Moreover, to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of the selected supernatant, inhibition of sphere formation and tumor development was assessed in-vitro and in-vivo, respectively. Among all strains, supernatant metabolites from Halobacterium salinarum IBRC M10715 had the most potent cytotoxic effect on prostate cancer cell lines (IC50 = 0.5 mg/mL) without any effects on normal cells. It significantly increased both early and late apoptosis (about 11% and 9%, respectively) in the androgen-dependent PC3 cell line, reduced sphere formation ability of DU145 and PC3 cells with down-regulation of SOX2 gene expression. Furthermore, our results revealed that tumors developed in nude mice significantly shrank post intratumor injection of metabolites of the haloarchaeal strain. In conclusion, we suggested here for the first time that supernatant metabolites from Halobacterium salinarum IBRC M10715 could be a novel component against prostate cancer in-vitro and in-vivo with remarkable reduction in stem-like properties of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Safarpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Xue YN, Yu BB, Li JL, Guo R, Zhang LC, Sun LK, Liu YN, Li Y. Zinc and p53 disrupt mitochondrial binding of HK2 by phosphorylating VDAC1. Exp Cell Res 2019; 374:249-258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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To PK, Do MH, Cho YS, Kwon SY, Kim MS, Jung C. Zinc Inhibits Expression of Androgen Receptor to Suppress Growth of Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3062. [PMID: 30297600 PMCID: PMC6213098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prostate gland contains a high level of intracellular zinc, which is dramatically diminished during prostate cancer (PCa) development. Owing to the unclear role of zinc in this process, therapeutic applications using zinc are limited. This study aimed to clarify the role of zinc and its underlying mechanism in the growth of PCa. ZnCl₂ suppressed the proliferation of androgen receptor (AR)-retaining PCa cells, whereas it did not affect AR-deficient PCa cells. In LNCaP and TRAMP-C2 cells, zinc downregulated the expression of AR in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Zinc-mediated AR suppression accordingly inhibited the androgen-mediated transactivation and expression of the androgen target, prostate specific antigen (PSA). This phenomenon resulted from facilitated protein degradation, not transcriptional control. In studies using mice bearing TRAMP-C2 subcutaneous tumors, the intraperitoneal injection of zinc significantly reduced tumor size. Analyses of both xenograft tumors and normal prostates showed reduced expression of AR and increased cell death. Considering the significant loss of intracellular zinc and the dominant growth-modulating role of AR during PCa development, loss of zinc may be a critical step in the transformation of normal cells to cancer cells. This study provides the underlying mechanism by which zinc functions as a PCa suppressor, and forms the foundation for developing zinc-mediated therapeutics for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Kim To
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Manh-Hung Do
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Young-Suk Cho
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Se-Young Kwon
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Chaeyong Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
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18
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Santucci KL, Baust JM, Snyder KK, Van Buskirk RG, Baust JG. Dose Escalation of Vitamin D 3 Yields Similar Cryosurgical Outcome to Single Dose Exposure in a Prostate Cancer Model. Cancer Control 2018; 25:1073274818757418. [PMID: 29480024 PMCID: PMC5933822 DOI: 10.1177/1073274818757418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) is an effective adjunctive agent, enhancing the destructive effects of freezing in prostate cancer cryoablation studies. We investigated whether dose escalation of VD3 over several weeks, to model the increase in physiological VD3 levels if an oral supplement were prescribed, would be as or more effective than a single treatment 1 to 2 days prior to freezing. PC-3 cells in log phase growth to model aggressive, highly metabolically active prostate cancer were exposed to a gradually increasing dose of VD3 to a final dose of 80 nM over a 4-week period, maintained for 2 weeks at 80 nM, and then exposed to mild sublethal freezing temperatures. Results demonstrate that both acute 24-hour exposure to 80 nM VD3 and dose escalation resulted in enhanced cell death following freezing at −15°C or colder, with no significant differences between the 2 exposure regimes. Apoptotic analysis within the initial 24-hour period postfreeze revealed that VD3 treatment induced both caspase 8- and 9-mediated cell death, most notably in caspase 8 at 8-hour postfreeze. These results indicate that both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways are involved in VD3 sensitization prior to freezing. Additionally, both acute and gradual dose escalation regimes of VD3 exposure increase prostate cancer cell sensitivity to mild freezing. Importantly, this study expands upon previous reports and suggests that the combination of VD3 and freezing may offer an effective treatment for both slow growth and highly aggressive prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L Santucci
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.,2 Institute for Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.,3 CPSI Biotech, Owego, NY, USA
| | - John M Baust
- 2 Institute for Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.,3 CPSI Biotech, Owego, NY, USA
| | - Kristi K Snyder
- 2 Institute for Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.,3 CPSI Biotech, Owego, NY, USA
| | - Robert G Van Buskirk
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.,2 Institute for Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.,3 CPSI Biotech, Owego, NY, USA
| | - John G Baust
- 1 Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA.,2 Institute for Biomedical Technology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, USA
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19
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Karar M, Paul S, Biswas B, Majumdar T, Mallick A. A newly developed highly selective Zn 2+-AcO - ion-pair sensor through partner preference: equal efficiency under solitary and colonial situation. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7059-7069. [PMID: 29744514 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Unusual self-sorting of an ion-pair under highly crowded conditions driven by a synthesized intelligent molecule 2-((E)-(3-((E)-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylideneamino)-2-hydroxypropyl imino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol, hereafter HBP, is described. When a mixture of various metal salts was allowed to react with HBP, only a specific ion-pair ZnII/AcO- in the solution simultaneously reacted, resulting in high-fidelity ion-pair recognition of HBP. This phenomenon was evidenced by significant changes in the absorption spectra and huge enhancement in emission intensity of HBP. The property that one molecule preferring one particular cation-anion pair over others is a rare but interesting phenomenon. Thus, the potential to interact selectively with the targeted ion-pair resulting in the formation of a specific complex recognized HBP as a new class of molecule that might find future applications in real time and on-site monitoring and separation of new molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monaj Karar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India.
| | - Suvendu Paul
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India.
| | - Bhaskar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Surendranath College, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
| | - Tapas Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India.
| | - Arabinda Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Kashipur Michael Madhusudan Mahavidyalaya, Purulia, West Bengal 723132, India.
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20
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Wetherell D, Baldwin GS, Shulkes A, Bolton D, Ischia J, Patel O. Zinc ion dyshomeostasis increases resistance of prostate cancer cells to oxidative stress via upregulation of HIF1α. Oncotarget 2018; 9:8463-8477. [PMID: 29492208 PMCID: PMC5823553 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc ions (Zn2+) are known to influence cell survival and proliferation. However the homeostatic regulation of Zn2+ and their role in prostate cancer (PC) progression is poorly understood. Therefore the subcellular distribution and uptake of Zn2+ in PC cells were investigated. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy and fluorescent microscopy with the Zn2+-specific fluorescent probe FluoZin-3 were used to quantify total and free Zn2+, respectively, in the normal prostate epithelial cell line (PNT1A) and three human PC cell lines (PC3, DU145 and LNCaP). The effects of Zn2+ treatment on proliferation and survival were measured in vitro using MTT assays and in vivo using mouse xenografts. The ability of Zn2+ to protect against oxidative stress via a HIF1α-dependent mechanism was investigated using a HIF1α knock-down PC3 model. Our results demonstrate that the total Zn2+ concentration in normal PNT1A and PC cells is similar, but PC3 cells contain significantly higher free Zn2+ than PNT1A cells (p < 0.01). PNT1A cells can survive better in the presence of high concentrations of Zn2+ than PC3 cells. Exposure to 10 µM Zn2+ over 72 hours significantly reduces PC3 cell proliferation in vitro but not in vivo. Zn2+ increases PC3 cell survival up to 2.3-fold under oxidative stress, and this protective effect is not seen in PNT1A cells or in a HIF1α-KD PC3 cell model. A state of Zn2+ dyshomeostasis exists in PC. HIF1α is an integral component of a Zn2+-dependent protective mechanism present in PC3 cells. This pathway may be clinically significant through its contribution to castrate-resistant PC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wetherell
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia.,Department of Urology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Graham S Baldwin
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Arthur Shulkes
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia.,Department of Urology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Joseph Ischia
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia.,Department of Urology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - Oneel Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
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22
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Costello LC, Franklin RB. Decreased zinc in the development and progression of malignancy: an important common relationship and potential for prevention and treatment of carcinomas. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:51-66. [PMID: 27885880 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1265506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Efficacious chemotherapy does not exist for treatment or prevention of prostate, liver, and pancreatic carcinomas, and some other cancers that exhibit decreased zinc in malignancy. Zinc treatment offers a potential solution; but its support has been deterred by adverse bias. Areas covered: 1. The clinical and experimental evidence for the common ZIP transporter/Zn down regulation in these cancers. 2. The evidence for a zinc approach to prevent and/or treat these carcinomas. 3. The issues that introduce bias against support for the zinc approach. Expert opinion: ZIP/Zn downregulation is a clinically established common event in prostate, hepatocellular and pancreatic cancers. 2. Compelling evidence supports the plausibility that a zinc treatment regimen will prevent development of malignancy and termination of progressing malignancy in these cancers; and likely other carcinomas that exhibit decreased zinc. 3. Scientifically-unfounded issues that oppose this ZIP/Zn relationship have introduced bias against support for research and funding of a zinc treatment approach. 4. The clinically-established and supporting experimental evidence provide the scientific credibility that should dictate the support for research and funding of a zinc approach for the treatment and possible prevention of these cancers. 5. This is in the best interest of the medical community and the public-at-large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Costello
- a Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences , School of Dentistry; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Renty B Franklin
- a Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences , School of Dentistry; and The Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland , Baltimore , MD , USA
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23
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Involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase in mediating pyrrolo-1,5-benzoxazepine–induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Invest New Drugs 2016; 34:663-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-016-0366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Vodyanoy V, Daniels Y, Pustovyy O, MacCrehan WA, Muramoto S, Stan G. Engineered metal nanoparticles in the sub-nanomolar levels kill cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1567-76. [PMID: 27143879 PMCID: PMC4841435 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small metal nanoparticles obtained from animal blood were observed to be toxic to cultured cancer cells, whereas noncancerous cells were much less affected. In this work, engineered zinc and copper metal nanoparticles were produced from bulk metal rods by an underwater high-voltage discharge method. The metal nanoparticles were characterized by atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The metal nanoparticles, with estimated diameters of 1 nm–2 nm, were determined to be more than 85% nonoxidized. A cell viability assay and high-resolution light microscopy showed that exposure of RG2, cultured rat brain glioma cancer cells, to the zinc and copper nanoparticles resulted in cell morphological changes, including decreased cell adherence, shrinking/rounding, nuclear condensation, and budding from cell bodies. The metal-induced cell injuries were similar to the effects of staurosporine, an active apoptotic reagent. The viability experiments conducted for zinc and copper yielded values of dissociation constants of 0.22±0.08 nmol/L (standard error [SE]) and 0.12±0.02 nmol/L (SE), respectively. The noncancerous astrocytes were not affected at the same conditions. Because metal nanoparticles were lethal to the cancer cells at sub-nanomolar concentrations, they are potentially important as nanomedicine. Purpose Lethal concentrations of synthetic metal nanoparticles reported in the literature are a few orders of magnitude higher than the natural, blood-isolated metal nanoparticles; therefore, in this work, engineered metal nanoparticles were examined to mimic the properties of endogenous metal nanoparticles. Materials and methods RG2, rat brain glioma cells CTX TNA2 brain rat astrocytes, obtained from the American Type Culture Collection, high-voltage discharge, atomic force microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution light microscopy, zeta potential measurements, and 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were used in this work. Results Engineered zinc and copper metal nanoparticles of size 1 nm–2 nm were lethal to cultured RG2 glioma cancer cells. Cell death was confirmed by MTT assay, showing that the relative viability of RG2 glioma cells is reduced in a dose-dependent manner at sub-nanomolar concentrations of the nanoparticles. The noncancerous astrocytes were not affected at the same conditions. Conclusion The engineered and characterized zinc and copper nanoparticles are potentially significant as biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Vodyanoy
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Yasmine Daniels
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MA, USA
| | - Oleg Pustovyy
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - William A MacCrehan
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MA, USA
| | - Shin Muramoto
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MA, USA
| | - Gheorghe Stan
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MA, USA
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Stuart CH, Singh R, Smith TL, D'Agostino R, Caudell D, Balaji KC, Gmeiner WH. Prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted liposomes specifically deliver the Zn(2+) chelator TPEN inducing oxidative stress in prostate cancer cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1207-22. [PMID: 27077564 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2015-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the potential use of zinc chelation for prostate cancer therapy using a new liposomal formulation of the zinc chelator, N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylenediamine (TPEN). MATERIALS & METHODS TPEN was encapsulated in nontargeted liposomes or liposomes displaying an aptamer to target prostate cancer cells overexpression prostate-specific membrane antigen. The prostate cancer selectivity and therapeutic efficacy of liposomal (targeted and nontargeted) and free TPEN were evaluated in vitro and in tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS & CONCLUSION TPEN chelates zinc and results in reactive oxygen species imbalance leading to cell death. Delivery of TPEN using aptamer-targeted liposomes results in specific delivery to targeted cells. In vivo experiments show that TPEN-loaded, aptamer-targeted liposomes reduce tumor growth in a human prostate cancer xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Stuart
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine & Translation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Ravi Singh
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest University, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Thomas L Smith
- Department of Orthopedics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Ralph D'Agostino
- Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest University, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - David Caudell
- Department of Pathology & Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - K C Balaji
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest University, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - William H Gmeiner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine & Translation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest University, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Avgeris M, Scorilas A. Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) as emerging therapeutic targets: focus on prostate cancer and skin pathologies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:801-18. [PMID: 26941073 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1147560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue kallikrein and the kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) constitute a family of 15 homologous secreted serine proteases with trypsin- or chymotrypsin-like activities, which participate in a broad spectrum of physiological procedures. Deregulated expression and/or activation of the majority of the family members have been reported in several human diseases, thereby making KLKs ideal targets for therapeutic intervention. AREAS COVERED In the present review, we summarize the role of KLKs in normal human physiology and pathology, focusing on prostate cancer and skin diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the recent advances in the development of KLK-based therapies. A great number of diverse engineered KLKs inhibitors with improved potency, selectivity and immunogenicity have been synthesized by redesigning examples that are endogenous and naturally occurring. Moreover, encouraging results have been documented using KLKs-based vaccines and immunotherapies, as well as KLKs-mediated activation of pro-drugs. Finally, KLKs-targeting aptamers and KLKs-based imaging tools represent novel approaches towards the exploitation of KLKs' therapeutic value. EXPERT OPINION The central/critical roles of KLK family in several human pathologies highlight KLKs as attractive molecular targets for developing novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaritis Avgeris
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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Ju E, Chen Z, Li W, Dong K, Wang Z, Liu Z, Pu F, Ren J, Qu X. Embedding magnetic nanoparticles into coordination polymers to mimic zinc ion transporters for targeted tumor therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12598-12601. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06467a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated that magnetic nanoparticle-embedded coordination polymers could act as mimics for zinc ion transporters for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enguo Ju
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Kai Dong
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - ZhenZhen Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Fang Pu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
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Ghosh A, Ta S, Ghosh M, Karmakar S, Banik A, Dangar TK, Mukhopadhyay SK, Das D. Dual mode ratiometric recognition of zinc acetate: nanomolar detection with in vitro tracking of endophytic bacteria in rice root tissue. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:599-606. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03431k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Structurally characterized naphthalene-based ratiometric probe detects zinc acetate (ZA) by colorimetric and fluorescence tools. In vitro tracking of ZA in endophytic bacteria in rice root tissue and human breast cancer cells (MCF7) is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Sabyasachi Ta
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Milan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Subhajit Karmakar
- University Science Instrumentation Center
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
| | - Avishek Banik
- Microbiology Laboratory
- Crop production division
- ICAR-Central Rice Research Institute
- Cuttack
- India
| | - Tushar Kanti Dangar
- Microbiology Laboratory
- Crop production division
- ICAR-Central Rice Research Institute
- Cuttack
- India
| | | | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwan
- India
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Adolfsson PI, Bloth B, Hägg S, Svensson SP. Zinc Induces a Bell-shaped Proliferative Dose-response Effect in Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells From Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Urology 2015; 85:704.e15-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gmeiner WH, Boyacioglu O, Stuart CH, Jennings-Gee J, Balaji K. The cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities of the novel fluoropyrimidine F10 towards prostate cancer cells are enhanced by Zn(2+) -chelation and inhibiting the serine protease Omi/HtrA2. Prostate 2015; 75:360-9. [PMID: 25408502 PMCID: PMC4293244 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracellular Zn(2+) levels decrease during prostate cancer progression and agents that modulate intracellular Zn(2+) are cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells by an incompletely described mechanism. F10 is a new polymeric fluoropyrimidine drug-candidate that displays strong activity with minimal systemic toxicity in pre-clinical models of prostate cancer and other malignancies. The effects of exogenous Zn(2+) or Zn(2+) chelation for enhancing F10 cytotoxicity are investigated as is the role of Omi/HtrA2, a serine protease that promotes apoptosis in response to cellular stress. METHODS To test the hypothesis that the pro-apoptotic effects of F10 could be enhanced by modulating intracellular Zn(2+) we investigated cell-permeable and cell-impermeable Zn(2+) chelators and exogenous Zn(2+) and evaluated cell viability and apoptosis in cellular models of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC; PC3, C4-2). The role of Omi/HtrA2 for modulating apoptosis was evaluated by pharmacological inhibition and Western blotting. RESULTS Exogenous Zn(2+) initially reduced prostate cancer cell viability but these effects were transitory and were ineffective at enhancing F10 cytotoxicity. The cell-permeable Zn(2+) -chelator tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethl) ethylenediamine (TPEN) induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and enhanced the pro-apoptotic effects of F10. The pro-apoptotic effects of Zn(2+) -chelation in combination with F10 treatment were enhanced by inhibiting Omi/HtrA2 implicating this serine protease as a novel target for prostate cancer treatment. CONCLUSIONS Zn(2+) -chelation enhances the pro-apoptotic effects of F10 and may be useful for enhancing the effectiveness of F10 for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. The serine protease Omi/HtrA2 modulates Zn(2+) -dependent apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and represents a new target for treatment of CRPC. Prostate 75:360-369, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H. Gmeiner
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- Address correspondence to this author: Phone: (336) 716-6216, Fax: (336) 716-0255,
| | - Olcay Boyacioglu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Christopher H. Stuart
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- Program in Molecular Medicine and Translational Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Jamie Jennings-Gee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - K.C. Balaji
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
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Janes K, Little JW, Li C, Bryant L, Chen C, Chen Z, Kamocki K, Doyle T, Snider A, Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S, Bieberich E, Obeid L, Petrache I, Nicol G, Neumann WL, Salvemini D. The development and maintenance of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain require activation of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 1. J Biol Chem 2015; 289:21082-97. [PMID: 24876379 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.569574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ceramide-sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) rheostat is important in regulating cell fate. Several chemotherapeutic agents, including paclitaxel (Taxol), involve pro-apoptotic ceramide in their anticancer effects. The ceramide-to-S1P pathway is also implicated in the development of pain, raising the intriguing possibility that these sphingolipids may contribute to chemotherapy- induced painful peripheral neuropathy, which can be a critical dose-limiting side effect of many widely used chemotherapeutic agents.We demonstrate that the development of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain was associated with ceramide and S1P formation in the spinal dorsal horn that corresponded with the engagement of S1P receptor subtype 1 (S1PR(1))- dependent neuroinflammatory processes as follows: activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors (NFκB) and MAPKs (ERK and p38) as well as enhanced formation of pro-inflammatory and neuroexcitatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β). Intrathecal delivery of the S1PR1 antagonist W146 reduced these neuroinflammatory processes but increased IL-10 and IL-4, potent anti-inflammatory/ neuroprotective cytokines. Additionally, spinal W146 reversed established neuropathic pain. Noteworthy, systemic administration of the S1PR1 modulator FTY720 (Food and Drug Administration- approved for multiple sclerosis) attenuated the activation of these neuroinflammatory processes and abrogated neuropathic pain without altering anticancer properties of paclitaxel and with beneficial effects extended to oxaliplatin. Similar effects were observed with other structurally and chemically unrelated S1PR1 modulators (ponesimod and CYM-5442) and S1PR1 antagonists (NIBR-14/15) but not S1PR1 agonists (SEW2871). Our findings identify for the first time the S1P/S1PR1 axis as a promising molecular and therapeutic target in chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy, establish a mechanistic insight into the biomolecular signaling pathways, and provide the rationale for the clinical evaluation of FTY720 in chronic pain patients.
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Holubova M, Axmanova M, Gumulec J, Raudenska M, Sztalmachova M, Babula P, Adam V, Kizek R, Masarik M. KRAS NF-κB is involved in the development of zinc resistance and reduced curability in prostate cancer. Metallomics 2015; 6:1240-53. [PMID: 24927480 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00065j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Zinc(II) ions are important components of many proteins and are involved in numerous cellular processes such as apoptosis or drug resistance. Prostate cancer has a unique relationship with zinc(II) ions. However, the relationship was examined only in short-term zinc(II) treatments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to create zinc-resistant prostatic cell lines at various stages of the disease (22Rv1 and PC-3) and a normal prostate epithelium (PNT1A) using a long-term zinc exposure. Consequently, the expression profile of the following genes was analyzed: BAX, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, CFLAR, HIF1α, KRAS, mTOR, MT1A, MT2A, NF-κB1, p53, survivin, ZIP1, ZnT-1. The resistance was verified using the MTT test; on average a 1.35-fold lower zinc(II) toxicity (higher IC50) was determined in zinc(II)-resistant cells. The associated resistance to cisplatin was also determined; IC50 for cisplatin was 1.52-fold higher. With regard to the gene expression profiles, our results indicate that differential mechanisms participate in the short-term zinc toxicity regulation and long-term resistance; the short-term treatment was associated with MT2A (p < 0.001), ZnT-1 (p < 0.001), and MT1A (p < 0.03) and the long-term resistance was associated particularly with NF-κB1 (p < 0.001), CFLAR (p < 0.001), KRAS (p < 0.001), p53 (p < 0.002), survivin (p = 0.02), ZIP1 (p = 0.002), BAX (p = 0.005), and HIF1α (p = 0.05). Therefore, the KRAS-PI3K-NF-κB pathway is expected to play a crucial role in the regulation of zinc resistance. In summary, compared to previous studies, identical mechanisms of resistance were demonstrated on multiple cell lines, both non-tumor and tumorous, derived both from primary and advanced secondary sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Holubova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Singh CK, Pitschmann A, Ahmad N. Resveratrol-zinc combination for prostate cancer management. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:1867-74. [PMID: 24866157 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc, an essential trace element, plays a critical role in cell signaling, and defect(s) in zinc homeostasis may contribute to adverse physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer. Zinc is present in healthy prostate at a very high concentration, where it is required for important prostatic functions. However, zinc levels are significantly diminished in cancerous tissue, and intracellular zinc level is inversely correlated with prostate cancer progression. During neoplastic transformation, zinc-accumulating, citrate-producing normal prostate cells are metabolically transformed to citrate oxidizing cells that lose the ability to accumulate zinc. Interestingly, zinc has been shown to function as chemopreventive agent against prostate cancer, albeit at high doses, which may lead to many adverse effects. Therefore, novel means to enhance bioaccumulation of sufficient zinc in prostate cells via increasing zinc transport could be useful against prostate cancer. On the basis of available evidence, we present a possibility that the grape antioxidant resveratrol, when given with zinc, may lead to retuning the zinc homeostasis in prostate, thereby abolishing or reversing malignancy. If experimentally verified in in vivo model(s) of prostate cancer, such as transgenic mouse models, this may lead to novel means toward management of prostate cancer and other conditions with compromised zinc homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K Singh
- Department of Dermatology; University of Wisconsin; Madison, WI USA
| | - Anna Pitschmann
- Department of Dermatology; University of Wisconsin; Madison, WI USA
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology; University of Wisconsin; Madison, WI USA
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Arriaga JM, Greco A, Mordoh J, Bianchini M. Metallothionein 1G and zinc sensitize human colorectal cancer cells to chemotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1369-81. [PMID: 24634414 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MT) are a family of low molecular weight proteins that are silenced during colorectal cancer progression, mainly through epigenetic mechanisms, and this loss is associated with poor survival. In this article, we show that overexpression of the MT1G isoform sensitizes colorectal cell lines to the chemotherapeutic agents oxaliplatin (OXA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), in part through enhancing p53 and repressing NF-κB activity. Despite being silenced, MTs can be reinduced by histone deacetylase inhibitors such as trichostatin A and sodium butyrate. In fact, this induction contributes to the cytotoxicity of these agents, given that silencing of MTs by siRNAs reduces their growth-inhibitory activities. Zinc ions also potently enhance MT expression and are cytotoxic to cancer cells. We show for the first time that OXA and 5-FU induce higher levels of intracellular labile zinc, as measured using the fluorescent probe FLUOZIN-3, and that such zinc contributes to the activation of p53 and repression of NF-κB. Addition of zinc enhanced growth inhibition by OXA and 5-FU, and was also capable of resensitizing 5-FU-resistant cell lines to levels comparable with sensitive cell lines. This effect was MT independent because silencing MTs did not affect zinc cytotoxicity. In conclusion, we show that MT induction and zinc administration are novel strategies to sensitize colorectal cancer cells to presently utilized chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Arriaga
- Authors' Affiliations: Centro de Investigaciones Oncológicas de la Fundación Cáncer (CIO-FUCA); Laboratorio de Cancerología, Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET; Instituto Alexander Fleming, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Operative Unit 'Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Growth and Progression,' Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS 'Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori,' Milan, Italy
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Mavridis K, Avgeris M, Scorilas A. Targeting kallikrein-related peptidases in prostate cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:365-83. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.880693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Garufi A, Trisciuoglio D, Porru M, Leonetti C, Stoppacciaro A, D'Orazi V, Avantaggiati M, Crispini A, Pucci D, D'Orazi G. A fluorescent curcumin-based Zn(II)-complex reactivates mutant (R175H and R273H) p53 in cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2013; 32:72. [PMID: 24220325 PMCID: PMC3851540 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations of the p53 oncosuppressor gene are amongst the most frequent aberration seen in human cancer. Some mutant (mt) p53 proteins are prone to loss of Zn(II) ion that is bound to the wild-type (wt) core, promoting protein aggregation and therefore unfolding. Misfolded p53 protein conformation impairs wtp53-DNA binding and transactivation activities, favouring tumor growth and resistance to antitumor therapies. Screening studies, devoted to identify small molecules that reactivate mtp53, represent therefore an attractive anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. Here we tested a novel fluorescent curcumin-based Zn(II)-complex (Zn-curc) to evaluate its effect on mtp53 reactivation in cancer cells. Methods P53 protein conformation was examined after Zn-curc treatment by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays, using conformation-specific antibodies. The mtp53 reactivation was evaluated by chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses of wild-type p53 target genes. The intratumoral Zn-curc localization was evaluated by immunofluorescence analysis of glioblastoma tissues of an ortothopic mice model. Results The Zn-curc complex induced conformational change in p53-R175H and -R273H mutant proteins, two of the most common p53 mutations. Zn-curc treatment restored wtp53-DNA binding and transactivation functions and induced apoptotic cell death. In vivo studies showed that the Zn-curc complex reached glioblastoma tissues of an ortothopic mice model, highlighting its ability to crossed the blood-tumor barrier. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that Zn-curc complex may reactivate specific mtp53 proteins and that may cross the blood-tumor barrier, becoming a promising compound for the development of drugs to halt tumor growth.
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Bioenergetic deficits in peripheral nerve sensory axons during chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain resulting from peroxynitrite-mediated post-translational nitration of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase. Pain 2013; 154:2432-2440. [PMID: 23891899 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many of the widely used anticancer drugs induce dose-limiting peripheral neuropathies that undermine their therapeutic efficacy. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) evoked by a variety of drug classes, including taxanes, vinca alkaloids, platinum-complexes, and proteasome-inhibitors, suggest that the common underlying mechanism in the development of these neuropathies is mitotoxicity in primary nerve sensory axons (PNSAs) arising from reduced mitochondrial bioenergetics [eg adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production deficits due to compromised respiratory complex I and II activity]. The causative mechanisms of this mitotoxicity remain poorly defined. However, peroxynitrite, an important pro-nociceptive agent, has been linked to mitotoxicity in several disease states and may also drive the mitotoxicity associated with CIPN. Our findings reveal that the development of mechano-hypersensitivity induced by paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, and bortezomib was prevented by administration of the peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst Mn(III) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-n-hexylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (MnTE-2-PyP(5+)) without interfering with their anti-tumor effects. Peak CIPN was associated with the nitration and inactivation of superoxide dismutase in the mitochondria, but not in the cytosol, as well as a significant decrease in ATP production within the PNSAs; all of these events were attenuated by MnTE-2-PyP(5+). Our results provide continued support for the role of mitotoxicity in the development of CIPN across chemotherapeutic drug classes, and identify peroxynitrite as a key mediator in these processes, thereby providing the rationale towards development of "peroxynitrite-targeted" therapeutics for CIPN.
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Bhullar JS, Subhas G, Chaudhary S, Silberberg B, Tilak J, Decker M, Mittal VK. Intratumoral acetic acid injection eradicates human prostate cancer tumors in a murine model. World J Urol 2013; 31:331-7. [PMID: 23212295 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-012-0994-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To treat localized prostate cancer without substantial morbidity, an ideal treatment would be an effective local therapy with minimal morbidity. Direct injections have been used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia without major complications, but in limited cases. We evaluated the local oncotoxic effects of acetic acid in a prostate cancer xenograft murine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS PC3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cell lines were used to grow subcutaneous tumors in SCID mice. For each cell line, 14 mice underwent intratumor injection with 25% acetic acid (0.05 ml/100 cm3 of tumor) after the tumor was >300 mm3. Post-treatment one mouse/group was euthanized after 2 h, 24 h, 1 and 2 weeks; remaining mice (n = 10) were killed at 120 days. Control mice (8/group) were euthanized after they met the humane criteria for tumor burden and overall health. RESULTS Tumor necrosis was noted immediately post-injection; by 24 h, ulceration and crusting of overlying skin were noted, which healed into scars by 23 ± 5 days. Histological examination showed tumor degeneration and necrosis with blood vessel obstruction. Ten treated mice in both groups survived for 120 days, which was much longer than the mean survival of PC3 (40 ± 9 days) and LNCaP (56 ± 10) control mice. CONCLUSIONS Direct injection of acetic acid successfully eradicated both tumors. This treatment option could potentially be used in humans for treatment of early localized prostate cancer and nonoperative management of locally advanced cases. This is the first report of successful local chemical therapy for prostate cancer.
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Kolenko V, Teper E, Kutikov A, Uzzo R. Zinc and zinc transporters in prostate carcinogenesis. Nat Rev Urol 2013; 10:219-26. [PMID: 23478540 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2013.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The healthy human prostate accumulates the highest level of zinc of any soft tissue in the body. This unique property is retained in BPH, but is lost in prostatic malignancy, which implicates changes in zinc and its transporters in carcinogenesis. Indeed, zinc concentrations diminish early in the course of prostate carcinogenesis, preceding histopathological changes, and continue to decline during progression toward castration-resistant disease. Numerous studies suggest that increased zinc intake might protect against progression of prostatic malignancy. In spite of increased dietary intake, zinc accumulation might be limited by the diminished expression of zinc uptake transporters, resulting in decreased intratumoural zinc levels. This finding can explain the conflicting results of various epidemiological studies evaluating the role of zinc supplementation on primary and secondary prostate cancer prevention. Overall, more research into the mechanisms of zinc homeostasis are needed to fully understand its impact on prostate carcinogenesis. Only then can the potential of zinc and zinc transport proteins be harnessed in the diagnosis and treatment of men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kolenko
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, USA.
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Karak D, Das S, Lohar S, Banerjee A, Sahana A, Hauli I, Mukhopadhyay SK, Safin DA, Babashkina MG, Bolte M, Garcia Y, Das D. A naphthalene–thiophene hybrid molecule as a fluorescent AND logic gate with Zn2+ and OAc− ions as inputs: cell imaging and computational studies. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:6708-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50450f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Targeting the overproduction of peroxynitrite for the prevention and reversal of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. J Neurosci 2012; 32:6149-60. [PMID: 22553021 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.6343-11.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) accompanied by chronic neuropathic pain is a major dose-limiting side effect of a large number of antitumoral agents including paclitaxel (Taxol). Thus, CIPN is one of most common causes of dose reduction and discontinuation of what is otherwise a life-saving therapy. Neuropathological changes in spinal cord are linked to CIPN, but the causative mediators and mechanisms remain poorly understood. We report that formation of peroxynitrite (PN) in response to activation of nitric oxide synthases and NADPH oxidase in spinal cord contributes to neuropathological changes through two mechanisms. The first involves modulation of neuroexcitatory and proinflammatory (TNF-α and IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and IL-4) cytokines in favor of the former. The second involves post-translational nitration and modification of glia-derived proteins known to be involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission (astrocyte-restricted glutamate transporters and glutamine synthetase). Targeting PN with PN decomposition catalysts (PNDCs) not only blocked the development of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain without interfering with antitumor effects, but also reversed it once established. Herein, we describe our mechanistic study on the role(s) of PN and the prevention of neuropathic pain in rats using known PNDCs (FeTMPyP(5+) and MnTE-2-PyP(5+)). We also demonstrate the prevention of CIPN with our two new orally active PNDCs, SRI6 and SRI110. The improved chemical design of SRI6 and SRI110 also affords selectivity for PN over other reactive oxygen species (such as superoxide). Our findings identify PN as a critical determinant of CIPN, while providing the rationale toward development of superoxide-sparing and "PN-targeted" therapeutics.
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Chen Z, Janes K, Chen C, Doyle T, Bryant L, Tosh DK, Jacobson KA, Salvemini D. Controlling murine and rat chronic pain through A3 adenosine receptor activation. FASEB J 2012; 26:1855-65. [PMID: 22345405 PMCID: PMC3336784 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-201541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinical management of chronic neuropathic pain is limited by marginal effectiveness and unacceptable side effects of current drugs. We demonstrate A(3) adenosine receptor (A(3)AR) agonism as a new target-based therapeutic strategy. The development of mechanoallodynia in a well-characterized mouse model of neuropathic pain following chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve was rapidly and dose-dependently reversed by the A(3)AR agonists: IB-MECA, its 2-chlorinated analog (Cl-IB-MECA), and the structurally distinct MRS1898. These effects were naloxone insensitive and thus are not opioid receptor mediated. IB-MECA was ≥1.6-fold more efficacious than morphine and >5-fold more potent. In addition, IB-MECA was equally efficacious as gabapentin (Neurontin) or amitriptyline, but respectively >350- and >75-fold more potent. Besides its potent standalone ability to reverse established mechanoallodynia, IB-MECA significantly increased the antiallodynic effects of all 3 analgesics. Moreover, neuropathic pain development in rats caused by widely used chemotherapeutics in the taxane (paclitaxel), platinum-complex (oxaliplatin), and proteasome-inhibitor (bortezomib) classes was blocked by IB-MECA without antagonizing their antitumor effect. A(3)AR agonist effects were blocked with A(3)AR antagonist MRS1523, but not with A(1)AR (DPCPX) or A(2A)AR (SCH-442416) antagonists. Our findings provide the scientific rationale and pharmacological basis for therapeutic development of A(3)AR agonists for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Kali Janes
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Collin Chen
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Tim Doyle
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Leesa Bryant
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
| | - Dilip K. Tosh
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; and
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Carraway RE, Dobner PR. Zinc pyrithione induces ERK- and PKC-dependent necrosis distinct from TPEN-induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1823:544-57. [PMID: 22027089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Zinc dyshomeostasis can induce cell death. However, the mechanisms involved have not been fully elucidated in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, which differ dramatically from normal cells in their zinc handling ability. Here, we studied the effects of the ionophore Zn-pyrithione (ZP) and the chelator N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN). Both compounds induced cell death at micromolar concentrations when incubated with androgen-dependent (LNCaP), androgen-independent (PC3, DU145) and androgen-sensitive (C4-2) PCa cell-lines. Compared to PCa cells, RWPE1 prostate epithelial cells were less sensitive to ZP and more sensitive to TPEN, but total cellular zinc levels were changed similarly. ZnSO4 enhanced the toxicity of ZP, but inhibited the effects of TPEN as expected. The morphological/biochemical responses to ZP and TPEN differed. ZP decreased ATP levels and stimulated ERK, AKT and PKC phosphorylation. DNA laddering was observed only at low doses of ZP but all doses of TPEN. TPEN activated caspase 3/7 and induced PARP-cleavage, DNA-fragmentation, ROS-formation and apoptotic bodies. PKC and ERK-pathway inhibitors, and antioxidants protected against ZP-induced but not TPEN-induced death. Inhibitors of MPTP-opening protected both. Cell death in response to TPEN (but not ZP) was diminished by a calpain inhibitor and largely prevented by a caspase 3 inhibitor. Overall, the results indicated primarily a necrotic cell death for ZP and an apoptotic cell death for TPEN. The enhanced sensitivity of PCa cells to ZP and the apparent ability of ZP and TPEN to kill quiescent and rapidly dividing cells in a p53-independent manner suggest that ZP/TPEN might be used to develop adjunct treatments for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Carraway
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
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Griffin C, Karnik A, McNulty J, Pandey S. Pancratistatin selectively targets cancer cell mitochondria and reduces growth of human colon tumor xenografts. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:57-68. [PMID: 21220492 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The naturally occurring Amaryllidaceae alkaloid pancratistatin exhibits potent apoptotic activity against a large panel of cancer cells lines and has an insignificant effect on noncancerous cell lines, although with an elusive cellular target. Many current chemotherapeutics induce apoptosis via genotoxic mechanisms and thus have low selectivity. The observed selectivity of pancratistatin for cancer cells promoted us to consider the hypothesis that this alkaloid targets cancer cell mitochondria rather than DNA or its replicative machinery. In this study, we report that pancratistatin decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and induced apoptotic nuclear morphology in p53-mutant (HT-29) and wild-type p53 (HCT116) colorectal carcinoma cell lines, but not in noncancerous colon fibroblast (CCD-18Co) cells. Interestingly, pancratistatin was found to be ineffective against mtDNA-depleted (ρ(0)) cancer cells. Moreover, pancratistatin induced cell death in a manner independent of Bax and caspase activation, and did not alter β-tubulin polymerization rate nor cause double-stranded DNA breaks. For the first time we report the efficacy of pancratistatin in vivo against human colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts. Intratumor administration of pancratistatin (3 mg/kg) caused significant reduction in the growth of subcutaneous HT-29 tumors in Nu/Nu mice (n = 6), with no apparent toxicity to the liver or kidneys as indicated by histopathologic analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. Altogether, this work suggests that pancratistatin may be a novel mitochondria-targeting compound that selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells and significantly reduces tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Griffin
- University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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Ciolek J, Maïga A, Marcon E, Servent D, Gilles N. Pharmacological characterization of zinc and copper interaction with the human alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 655:1-8. [PMID: 21262225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions have a major role in human health, and interact with many classes of receptors including the G-protein coupled receptors. In the peripheral system, zinc mainly accumulates in the soft prostate organ and, with copper, influences prostate disease progression, from normal to hypertrophic or cancerous states. The development of these pathologies may be influenced by the α(1A)-adrenoceptor, the principal regulator of prostate tonicity. There is currently no information on possible interactions between metals and the α(1A)-adrenoceptor. We therefore studied the effects of several mono- and divalent ions on this receptor subtype using binding and functional experiments performed on expressed cloned human α(1A)-adrenoceptor. Regardless of the counter anion used, Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) interact with α(1A)-adrenoceptor with apparent affinities in the low micromolar range. In addition, using specific binding experiments, we established that these ions acted as negative allosteric ligands on prazosin/α(1A)-adrenoceptor interaction, but in a different manner from the allosteric modulator 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride, suggesting distinct mode of interaction. In addition, the presence of Cu(2+) weakly decreased epinephrine affinity, whereas the addition of Zn(2+) shifted to the left the epinephrine binding curve, revealing a positive allosteric effect but only on half of the binding site. Finally, cell-based functional experiments demonstrated that Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) antagonized epinephrine activation in an insurmountable manner, by reducing agonist efficacy without any shift in the epinephrine activation curves. This study shows the interactions between metal ions and the α(1A)-adrenoceptor with affinities compatible with physiological concentrations and suggests that zinc and copper may have a biological role in prostate function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Ciolek
- CEA Saclay, iBiTec-S, SIMOPRO, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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Fong LYY, Jiang Y, Rawahneh ML, Smalley KJ, Croce CM, Farber JL, Huebner K. Zinc supplementation suppresses 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced rat oral carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 2011; 32:554-60. [PMID: 21245412 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgr004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary zinc (Zn) deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of human oral-esophageal cancers. In rats, Zn deficiency causes increased cell proliferation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression and enhances oral carcinogenesis by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (NQO). Zn replenishment reverses all these effects. We questioned whether Zn has antitumor efficacy in a Zn-sufficient animal by investigating in Zn-sufficient rats (i) the efficacy of Zn supplementation on the progression of tongue squamous cell carcinogenesis induced by drinking water exposure to high (20-30 p.p.m.) and low (10 p.p.m.) doses of NQO and (ii) the modulating effects of Zn supplementation on biomarker expression in tongue lesions by immunohistochemistry. In rats exposed to high doses of NQO, Zn supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of papillomas from 100 to 64.7% (P=0.018) and invasive carcinomas from 93.8 to 52.9% (P=0.017). In rats exposed to low doses of NQO, where only minimally invasive carcinomas developed, Zn supplementation significantly reduced tumor multiplicity, incidence of tumors (1-2 mm), hyperplasia, dysplasia, papillomas and progression to carcinoma. Immunohistochemical analysis of carcinomas showed that Zn supplementation caused a shift to a less proliferative/aggressive cancer phenotype by reducing cell proliferation, stimulating apoptosis and decreasing expression of the key tumor markers cyclin D1, p53 and COX-2. Additionally, Zn supplementation significantly reduced cell proliferation in non-lesional tongue squamous epithelia, thereby suppressing tumor development. Together, the results demonstrate that Zn supplementation has chemopreventive efficacy against oral carcinogenesis in nutritionally complete animals. Our data suggest that Zn supplementation may be efficacious in the chemoprevention of human oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Y Y Fong
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Sun J, Liu J, Pan X, Quimby D, Zanesi N, Druck T, Pfeifer GP, Croce CM, Fong LY, Huebner K. Effect of zinc supplementation on N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced forestomach tumor development and progression in tumor suppressor-deficient mouse strains. Carcinogenesis 2010; 32:351-8. [PMID: 21097531 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency is associated with high incidences of esophageal and other cancers in humans and leads to a highly proliferative hyperplastic condition in the upper gastrointestinal tract in laboratory rodents. Zn replenishment reduces the incidence of lingual, esophageal and forestomach tumors in Zn-deficient rats and mice. While previous animal studies focused on Zn deficiency, we have investigated the effect of Zn supplementation on carcinogenesis in Zn-sufficient mice of wild-type and tumor suppressor-deficient mouse strains. All mice received N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine and half the mice of each strain then received Zn supplementation. At killing, mice without Zn supplementation had developed more tumors than Zn-supplemented mice: wild-type C57BL/6 mice developed an average of 7.0 versus 5.0 tumors for Zn supplemented (P < 0.05); Zn-supplemented Fhit-/- mice averaged 5.7 versus 8.0 for control mice (P < 0.01); Zn-supplemented Fhit-/-Nit1-/- mice averaged 5.4 versus 9.2 for control mice (P < 0.01) and Zn-supplemented Fhit-/-Rassf1a-/- (the murine gene) mice averaged 5.9 versus 9.1 for control mice (P < 0.01). Zn supplementation reduced tumor burdens by 28% (wild-type) to 42% (Fhit-/-Nit1-/-). Histological analysis of forestomach tissues also showed significant decreases in severity of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in Zn-supplemented cohorts of each mouse strain. Thus, Zn supplementation significantly reduced tumor burdens in mice with multiple tumor suppressor deficiencies. When Zn supplementation was begun at 7 weeks after the final carcinogen dose, the reduction in tumor burden was the same as observed when supplementation began immediately after carcinogen dosing, suggesting that Zn supplementation may affect tumor progression rather than tumor initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Bright SA, McElligott AM, O'Connell JW, O'Connor L, Carroll P, Campiani G, Deininger MW, Conneally E, Lawler M, Williams DC, Zisterer DM. Novel pyrrolo-1,5-benzoxazepine compounds display significant activity against resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia cells in vitro, in ex vivo patient samples and in vivo. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1474-82. [PMID: 20407438 PMCID: PMC2869169 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imatinib is a direct and potent inhibitor of the constitutively active tyrosine kinase, breakpoint cluster region-Abelson (Bcr-Abl), which is central to the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients. As such, imatinib has become the front-line treatment for CML patients. However, the recent emergence of imatinib resistance, commonly associated with point mutations within the kinase domain, has led to the search for alternative drug treatments and combination therapies for CML. METHODS In this report, we analyse the effects of representative members of the novel pro-apoptotic microtubule depolymerising pyrrolo-1,5-benzoxazepines or PBOX compounds on chemotherapy-refractory CML cells using a series of Bcr-Abl mutant cell lines, clinical ex vivo patient samples and an in vivo mouse model. RESULTS The PBOX compounds potently reduce cell viability in cells expressing the E225K and H396P mutants as well as the highly resistant T315I mutant. The PBOX compounds also induce apoptosis in primary CML samples including those resistant to imatinib. We also show for the first time, the in vivo efficacy of the pro-apoptotic PBOX compound, PBOX-6, in a CML mouse model of the T315I Bcr-Abl mutant. CONCLUSION Results from this study highlight the potential of these novel series of PBOX compounds as an effective therapy against CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bright
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Nardinocchi L, Puca R, Sacchi A, Rechavi G, Givol D, D'Orazi G. Targeting hypoxia in cancer cells by restoring homeodomain interacting protein-kinase 2 and p53 activity and suppressing HIF-1alpha. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6819. [PMID: 19714248 PMCID: PMC2729407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor suppressor homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) by phosphorylating serine 46 (Ser46) is a crucial regulator of p53 apoptotic function. HIPK2 is also a transcriptional co-repressor of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) restraining tumor angiogenesis and chemoresistance. HIPK2 can be deregulated in tumors by several mechanisms including hypoxia. Here, we sought to target hypoxia by restoring HIPK2 function and suppressing HIF-1α, in order to provide evidence for the involvement of both HIPK2 and p53 in counteracting hypoxia-induced chemoresistance. Methodology/Principal Findings Upon exposure of colon and lung cancer cells to hypoxia, by either low oxygen or cobalt, HIPK2 function was impaired allowing for increased HIF-1α expression and inhibiting the p53-apoptotic response to drug. Cobalt suppressed HIPK2 recruitment onto HIF-1α promoter. Hypoxia induced expression of the p53 target MDM2 that downregulates HIPK2, thus MDM2 inhibition by siRNA restored the HIPK2/p53Ser46 response to drug. Zinc supplementation to hypoxia-treated cells increased HIPK2 protein stability and nuclear accumulation, leading to restoration of HIPK2 binding to HIF-1α promoter, repression of MDR1, Bcl2, and VEGF genes, and activation of the p53 apoptotic response to drug. Combination of zinc and ADR strongly suppressed tumor growth in vivo by inhibiting HIF-1 pathway and upregulating p53 apoptotic target genes. Conclusions/Significance We show here for the first time that hypoxia-induced HIPK2 deregulation was counteracted by zinc that restored HIPK2 suppression of HIF-1 pathway and reactivated p53 apoptotic response to drug, underscoring the potential use of zinc supplementation in combination with chemotherapy to address hypoxia and improve tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Nardinocchi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Puca
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”, Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Sacchi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”, Rome, Italy
| | - Gideon Rechavi
- Cancer Research Center, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer and Sachler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - David Givol
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gabriella D'Orazi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Oncogenesis Laboratory, National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”, Rome, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Neurosciences, University “G. d'Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy
- * E-mail:
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