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Wandana S, Adlin N, Satanwat P, Pungrasmi W, Kotcharoen W, Takeuchi Y, Watari T, Masashi H, Takashi Y. Application of Biofloc-Down flow hanging sponge system to remove nitrogen components in recirculating zero water exchange aquaculture system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 413:131496. [PMID: 39299346 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a novel approach to sustainable aquaculture by integrating biofloc technology (BFT) with a compact down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor. The integrated BFT-DHS system effectively removed nitrogen compounds while maintaining ammonia-nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentrations below 1 mg-N L-1 without water exchange. Application of this system in a tank bred with juvenile Oreochromis niloticus showed a high NH4+-N removal rate of up to 97 % and nitrite (NO2- -N) concentrations were maintained at 0.1 ± 0.1 mg-N L-1. Microbial analysis revealed Gordonia as the predominant genus in the biofloc contributing to heterotrophic nitrification, while the Peptostreptococcaceae family dominated the DHS reactor. Heterotrophic nitrification seemed to be the primary process for enhanced nitrogen removal. Pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio sp. was absent throughout the study. This study highlights the potential integration of BFT and DHS system for sustainable aquaculture practice with effective nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samadhi Wandana
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Nur Adlin
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Penpicha Satanwat
- Department of Civil Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Wiboonluk Pungrasmi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | | | - Yutaka Takeuchi
- Noto Center for Fisheries Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Watari
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Hatamoto Masashi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan.
| | - Yamaguchi Takashi
- Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan.
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Liu Z, Wang P, Li J, Luo X, Zhang Y, Huang X, Zhang X, Li W, Qin Q. Comparative metagenomic analysis of microbial community compositions and functions in cage aquaculture and its nearby non-aquaculture environments. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1398005. [PMID: 38841063 PMCID: PMC11150647 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1398005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of burgeoning global aquaculture, its environmental repercussions, particularly in marine ecosystems, have gained significant attentions. Cage aquaculture, a prominent method, has been observed to significantly influence marine environments by discharging substantial amounts of organic materials and pollutants. It is also one of the important reasons for water eutrophication. This study investigated the impacts of cage aquaculture on microbial diversity and functional potential using metagenomics. Specifically, a comparison was made of the physicochemical indicators and microbial diversity between three grouper aquaculture cage nets in Lingshui Xincun Port and three nearby non-aquaculture area surface waters. We found that compared to non-aquaculture areas, the eutrophication indicators in aquaculture environments significantly increased, and the abundances of Vibrio and Pseudoalteromonas in aquaculture environments significantly rose. Additionally, microbial functional genes related to carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur metabolisms were also found to be significantly affected by aquaculture activities. The correlation analysis between microbial populations and environmental factors revealed that the abundances of most microbial taxa showed positive correlations with dissolved inorganic nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, NH4+, and negative correlations with dissolved oxygen. Overall, this study elucidated the significant impacts of aquaculture-induced eutrophication on the diversity and functions of planktonic bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetian Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pandeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
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3
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Raza B, Zheng Z, Zhu J, Yang W. A Review: Microbes and Their Effect on Growth Performance of Litopenaeus vannamei (White Leg Shrimps) during Culture in Biofloc Technology System. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1013. [PMID: 38792842 PMCID: PMC11123971 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the modern era of Aquaculture, biofloc technology (BFT) systems have attained crucial attention. This technology is used to reduce water renewal with the removal of nitrogen and to provide additional feed. In BFT, microorganisms play a crucial role due to their complex metabolic properties. Pathogens can be controlled through multiple mechanisms using probiotics, which can promote host development and enhance the quality of the culture environment. During culturing in a biofloc technology system, the supplementation of microalgae and its accompanying bacteria plays a beneficial role in reducing nitrogenous compounds. This enhances water quality and creates favorable environmental conditions for specific bacterial groups, while simultaneously reducing the dependency on carbon sources with higher content. The fluctuations in the bacterial communities of the intestine are closely associated with the severity of diseases related to shrimp and are used to evaluate the health status of shrimp. Overall, we will review the microbes associated with shrimp culture in BFT and their effects on shrimp growth. We will also examine the microbial impacts on the growth performance of L. vannamei in BFT, as well as the close relationship between probiotics and the intestinal microbes of L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wen Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China; (B.R.); (Z.Z.); (J.Z.)
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Neves NODS, De Dea Lindner J, Stockhausen L, Delziovo FR, Bender M, Serzedello L, Cipriani LA, Ha N, Skoronski E, Gisbert E, Sanahuja I, Perez Fabregat TEH. Fermentation of Plant-Based Feeds with Lactobacillus acidophilus Improves the Survival and Intestinal Health of Juvenile Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in a Biofloc System. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:332. [PMID: 38275792 PMCID: PMC10812702 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of fermentation with Lactobacillus acidophilus on the biochemical and nutritional compositions of a plant-based diet and its effects on the productive performance and intestinal health of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in a biofloc technology (BFT) system. The in vitro kinetics of feed fermentation were studied to determine the L. acidophilus growth and acidification curve through counting the colony-forming units (CFUs) mL-1 and measuring the pH. Physicochemical and bromatological analyses of the feed were also performed. Based on the microbial growth kinetics results, vegetable-based Nile tilapia feeds fermented for 6 (FPB6) and 18 (FPB18) h were evaluated for 60 days. Fermented diets were compared with a positive control diet containing fishmeal (CFM) and a negative control diet without animal protein (CPB). Fermentation with L. acidophilus increased lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count and the soluble protein concentration of the plant-based feed, as well as decreasing the pH (p < 0.05). FPB treatments improved fish survival compared with CPB (p < 0.05). Fermentation increased feed intake but worsened feed efficiency (p < 0.05). The use of fermented feeds increased the LAB count and reduced pathogenic bacteria both in the BFT system's water and in the animals' intestines (p < 0.05). Fermented plant-based feeds showed greater villi (FPB6; FPB18) and higher goblet cell (FPB6) counts relative to the non-fermented plant-based feed, which may indicate improved intestinal health. The results obtained in this study are promising and show the sustainable potential of using fermented plant-based feeds in fish feeding rather than animal protein and, in particular, fishmeal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Oliveira Dos Santos Neves
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Juliano De Dea Lindner
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, Bairro Itacorubi, Florianópolis 88034-000, SC, Brazil;
| | - Larissa Stockhausen
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Fernanda Regina Delziovo
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Mariana Bender
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Letícia Serzedello
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Luiz Augusto Cipriani
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Natalia Ha
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Everton Skoronski
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Enric Gisbert
- Aquaculture Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA-La Ràpita), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540 La Ràpita, Spain;
| | - Ignasi Sanahuja
- Aquaculture Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA-La Ràpita), Ctra. Poble Nou. Km 5.5, 43540 La Ràpita, Spain;
| | - Thiago El Hadi Perez Fabregat
- Department of Animal Science (Pisciculture), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Av. Luiz de Camões, 2090, Bairro Conta Dinheiro, Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil; (N.O.D.S.N.); (L.S.); (F.R.D.); (M.B.); (L.S.); (L.A.C.); (N.H.); (E.S.)
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5
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Rajeev M, Jung I, Lim Y, Kim S, Kang I, Cho JC. Metagenome sequencing and recovery of 444 metagenome-assembled genomes from the biofloc aquaculture system. Sci Data 2023; 10:707. [PMID: 37848477 PMCID: PMC10582022 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofloc technology is increasingly recognised as a sustainable aquaculture method. In this technique, bioflocs are generated as microbial aggregates that play pivotal roles in assimilating toxic nitrogenous substances, thereby ensuring high water quality. Despite the crucial roles of the floc-associated bacterial (FAB) community in pathogen control and animal health, earlier microbiota studies have primarily relied on the metataxonomic approaches. Here, we employed shotgun sequencing on eight biofloc metagenomes from a commercial aquaculture system. This resulted in the generation of 106.6 Gbp, and the reconstruction of 444 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). Among the recovered MAGs, 230 were high-quality (≥90% completeness, ≤5% contamination), and 214 were medium-quality (≥50% completeness, ≤10% contamination). Phylogenetic analysis unveiled Rhodobacteraceae as dominant members of the FAB community. The reported metagenomes and MAGs are crucial for elucidating the roles of diverse microorganisms and their functional genes in key processes such as nitrification, denitrification, and remineralization. This study will contribute to scientific understanding of phylogenetic diversity and metabolic capabilities of microbial taxa in aquaculture environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meora Rajeev
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Specialized Teaching and Research, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilsuk Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjung Lim
- Center for Molecular and Cell Biology, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Kim
- Center for Molecular and Cell Biology, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilnam Kang
- Center for Molecular and Cell Biology, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Cheon Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Molecular and Cell Biology, Inha University, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Waiho K, Abd Razak MS, Abdul Rahman MZ, Zaid Z, Ikhwanuddin M, Fazhan H, Shu-Chien AC, Lau NS, Azmie G, Ishak AN, Syahnon M, Kasan NA. A metagenomic comparison of clearwater, probiotic, and Rapid BFT TM on Pacific whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei cultures. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15758. [PMID: 37790619 PMCID: PMC10542392 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofloc technology improves water quality and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria community in shrimp culture. However, little is known about the bacteria community structure in both water and gut of cultured organisms. To address this, the current study characterised the metagenomes derived from water and shrimp intestine samples of novel Rapid BFTTM with probiotic and clearwater treatments using 16S V4 region and full length 16S sequencing. Bacteria diversity of water and intestine samples of Rapid BFTTM and probiotic treatments were similar. Based on the 16S V4 region, water samples of >20 μm biofloc had the highest abundance of amplicon sequence variant (ASV). However, based on full length 16S, no clear distinction in microbial diversity was observed between water samples and intestine samples. Proteobacteria was the most abundant taxon in all samples based on both 16S V4 and full length 16S sequences. Vibrio was among the highest genus based on 16S V4 region but only full length 16S was able to discern up to species level, with three Vibrios identified-V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus. Vibrio harveyi being the most abundant species in all treatments. Among water samples, biofloc water samples had the lowest abundance of all three Vibrios, with V. vulnificus was present only in bioflocs of <20 μm. Predicted functional profiles of treatments support the beneficial impacts of probiotic and biofloc inclusion into shrimp culture system. This study highlights the potential displacement of opportunistic pathogens by the usage of biofloc technology (Rapid BFTTM) in shrimp culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khor Waiho
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Syafiq Abd Razak
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Zaiyadal Aquaculture Sdn. Bhd., Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zainah Zaid
- Zaiyadal Aquaculture Sdn. Bhd., Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mhd Ikhwanuddin
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hanafiah Fazhan
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nyok-Sean Lau
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ghazali Azmie
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Najmi Ishak
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Syahnon
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Centre of Research and Field Service (CRaFS), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azman Kasan
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Paralika V, Kokou F, Karapanagiotis S, Makridis P. Characterization of Host-Associated Microbiota and Isolation of Antagonistic Bacteria from Greater Amberjack ( Seriola dumerili, Risso, 1810) Larvae. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1889. [PMID: 37630449 PMCID: PMC10456766 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) is a new species in marine aquaculture with high mortalities at the larval stages. The microbiota of amberjack larvae was analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing in two groups, one added copepod nauplii (Acartia tonsa) in the diet, and one without copepods (control). In addition, antagonistic bacteria were isolated from amberjack larvae and live food cultures. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum followed by Bacteroidota in amberjack larvae. The composition and diversity of the microbiota were influenced by age, but not by diet. Microbial community richness and diversity significantly increased over time. Rhodobacteraceae was the most dominant family followed by Vibrionaceae, which showed the highest relative abundance in larvae from the control group 31 days after hatching. Alcaligenes and Thalassobius genera exhibited a significantly higher relative abundance in the copepod group. Sixty-two antagonistic bacterial strains were isolated and screened for their ability to inhibit four fish pathogens (Aeromonas veronii, Vibrio harveyi, V. anguillarum, V. alginolyticus) using a double-layer test. Phaeobacter gallaeciensis, Phaeobacter sp., Ruegeria sp., and Rhodobacter sp. isolated from larvae and Artemia sp. inhibited the fish pathogens. These antagonistic bacteria could be used as host-derived probiotics to improve the growth and survival of the greater amberjack larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fotini Kokou
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Pavlos Makridis
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece;
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8
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Lan X, Peng X, Du T, Xia Z, Gao Q, Tang Q, Yi S, Yang G. Alterations of the Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics Associated with the Different Growth Performances of Macrobrachium rosenbergii Families. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091539. [PMID: 37174576 PMCID: PMC10177557 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the key gut microbiota and metabolites associated with the growth performance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii families, 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS metabolomic methods were used. In this study, 90 M. rosenbergii families were bred to evaluate growth performance. After 92 days of culture, high (H), medium (M), and low (L) experimental groups representing three levels of growth performance, respectively, were collected according to the weight gain and specific growth rate of families. The composition of gut microbiota showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, and Blautia were much higher in Group H than those in M and L groups. Meanwhile, compared to the M and L groups, Group H had significantly higher levels of spermidine, adenosine, and creatinine, and lower levels of L-citrulline. Correlation analysis showed that the abundances of Lactobacillus and Blautia were positively correlated with the levels of alpha-ketoglutaric acid and L-arginine. The abundance of Blautia was also positively correlated with the levels of adenosine, taurine, and spermidine. Notably, lots of metabolites related to the metabolism and biosynthesis of arginine, taurine, hypotaurine, and fatty acid were upregulated in Group H. This study contributes to figuring out the landscape of the gut microbiota and metabolites associated with prawn growth performance and provides a basis for selective breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Tingting Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhenglong Xia
- Jiangsu Shufeng Prawn Breeding Co., Ltd., Gaoyou 225654, China
| | - Quanxin Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Qiongying Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Shaokui Yi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Guoliang Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
- Jiangsu Shufeng Prawn Breeding Co., Ltd., Gaoyou 225654, China
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Diwan A, Harke SN, Panche AN. Host-microbiome interaction in fish and shellfish: An overview. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 4:100091. [PMID: 37091066 PMCID: PMC10113762 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the gut microbiome in the management of various physiological activities including healthy growth and performance of fish and shellfish is now widely considered and being studied in detail for potential applications in aquaculture farming and the future growth of the fish industry. The gut microbiome in all animals including fish is associated with a number of beneficial functions for the host, such as stimulating optimal gastrointestinal development, producing and supplying vitamins to the host, and improving the host's nutrient uptake by providing additional enzymatic activities. Besides nutrient uptake, the gut microbiome is involved in strengthening the immune system and maintaining mucosal tolerance, enhancing the host's resilience against infectious diseases, and the production of anticarcinogenic and anti-inflammatory compounds. Because of its significant role, the gut microbiome is very often considered an "extra organ," as it plays a key role in intestinal development and regulation of other physiological functions. Recent studies suggest that the gut microbiome is involved in energy homeostasis by regulating feeding, digestive and metabolic processes, as well as the immune response. Consequently, deciphering gut microbiome dynamics in cultured fish and shellfish species will play an indispensable role in promoting animal health and aquaculture productivity. It is mentioned that the microbiome community available in the gut tract, particularly in the intestine acts as an innovative source of natural product discovery. The microbial communities that are associated with several marine organisms are the source of natural products with a diverse array of biological activities and as of today, more than 1000 new compounds have been reported from such microbial species. Exploration of such new ingredients from microbial species would create more opportunities for the development of the bio-pharma/aquaculture industries. Considering the important role of the microbiome in the whole life span of fish and shellfish, it is necessary to understand the interaction process between the host and microbial community. However, information pertaining to host-microbiome interaction, particularly at the cellular level, gene expression, metabolic pathways, and immunomodulation mechanisms, the available literature is scanty. It has been reported that there are three ways of interaction involving the host-microbe-environment operates to maintain homeostasis in the fish and shellfish gut i.e. host intrinsic factors, the environment that shapes the gut microbiome composition, and the core microbial community present in the gut system itself has equal influence on the host biology. In the present review, efforts have been made to collect comprehensive information on various aspects of host-microbiome interaction, particularly on the immune system and health maintenance, management of diseases, nutrient uptake, digestion and absorption, gene expression, and metabolism in fish and shellfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.D. Diwan
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission (MGM) University, Aurangabad, 431003, Maharashtra, India
- Corresponding author at: MGM Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, N-6, CIDCO, Aurangabad 431003, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sanjay N Harke
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission (MGM) University, Aurangabad, 431003, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana N Panche
- Novo Nordisk Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, B220 Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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Wang S, Zuo Z, Wang Q, Zhou A, Wang G, Xu G, Zou J. Replacing starch with resistant starch (Laminaria japonica) improves water quality, nitrogen and phosphorus budget and microbial community in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2023; 95:e10836. [PMID: 36744448 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to increase the use of carbohydrates as an energy source and improve protein synthesis and utilization to reduce ammonia nitrogen emissions. A 60-day cultural experiment was conducted to assess the impact of resistant starch (kelp meal, Laminaria japonica) replacing starch on water quality, nitrogen and phosphorus budget and microbial community of hybrid snakehead. Approximately 1350 experimental fish (11.4 ± 0.15 g) were randomly divided into control group (C, 20% starch) and four resistant starch groups: low replacement group (LR, 15% starch), medium replacement group (MR, 10% starch), high replacement group (HR, 5% starch) and full replacement group (FR, 0% starch). The crude protein and crude fat content of hybrid snakehead fish fed with the FR diet had the most significant improvement (P < 0.05). However, resistant starch also increased the effectiveness of nitrogen and phosphorus utilization in hybrid snakeheads, which decreased the proportion of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in tail water. The minimum nitrogen and phosphorus emission rate was when the starch level was 6.1%. Denitrifying microbes including Gemmobacter, Rhodobacter, Emticicia and Bosea have become much more prevalent in group FR (P < 0.05). In general, replacing starch with resistant starch can enhance the rate at which nitrogen and phosphorus are used in feeding, lessening water pollution and altering environmental microbial composition. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Resistant starch (RS) improves whole fish nutritional content. Resistant starch improves dietary nitrogen and phosphorus utilization. Resistant starch acts as a carbon source and encourages the colonization of denitrifying bacteria in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiheng Zuo
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiujie Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Guohuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Deng Y, Borewicz K, van Loo J, Olabarrieta MZ, Kokou F, Sipkema D, Verdegem MCJ. In-Situ Biofloc Affects the Core Prokaryotes Community Composition in Gut and Enhances Growth of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:879-892. [PMID: 34609532 PMCID: PMC9622544 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biofloc technology is commonly applied in intensive tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture to maintain water quality, supply the fish with extra protein, and improve fish growth. However, the effect of dietary supplementation of processed biofloc on the gut prokaryotic (bacteria and archaea) community composition of tilapia is not well understood. In this study one recirculating aquaculture system was used to test how biofloc, including in-situ biofloc, dietary supplementation of ex-situ live or dead biofloc, influence fish gut prokaryotic community composition and growth performance in comparison to a biofloc-free control treatment. A core gut prokaryotic community was identified among all treatments by analyzing the temporal variations in gut prokaryotes. In-situ produced biofloc significantly increased the prokaryotic diversity in the gut by reducing the relative abundance of dominant Cetobacterium and increasing the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria. The in-situ biofloc delivered a unique prokaryotic community in fish gut, while dietary supplementation of tilapias with 5% and 10% processed biofloc (live or dead) only changed the relative abundance of minor prokaryotic taxa outside the gut core microbiota. The modulatory effect of in-situ biofloc on tilapia gut microbiota was associated with the distinct microbial community in the biofloc water and undisturbed biofloc. The growth-promoting effect on tilapia was only detected in the in-situ biofloc treatment, while dietary supplementation of processed biofloc had no effect on fish growth performance as compared to the control treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yale Deng
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaudyna Borewicz
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Trouw Nutrition R&D, 3811 MH, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Joost van Loo
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Fotini Kokou
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Detmer Sipkema
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc C J Verdegem
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Said MM, El-barbary YA, Ahmed OM. Assessment of Performance, Microbial Community, Bacterial Food Quality, and Gene Expression of Whiteleg Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei) Reared under Different Density Biofloc Systems. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2022; 2022:3499061. [PMID: 36860427 PMCID: PMC9973138 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3499061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biofloc shrimp culture, as a way of improving shrimp production, gains worldwide consideration. However, the effects of the biofloc system on shrimp culture at high densities could be a challenge. Here, this study is aimed at identifying a better stocking density of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) between two intensive biofloc systems of 100 and 300 org./m2. Achieving that was done by comparing growth performance, water quality, feed utilization, microbial loads from water and shrimps, and gene expression of growth, stress, and immune-related genes. Shrimp postlarvae with a mean weight of 35.4 ± 3.7 mg were reared in six indoor cement tanks (36 m3 total capacity each) at two stocking densities (3 replicates each) for a rearing period of 135 days. Better final weight, weight gain, average daily weight gain, specific growth rate, biomass increase percentage, and survival rate were associated with lower density (100/m2), whereas high-density showed significantly higher total biomass. Better feed utilization was found in the lower density treatment. Lower density treatment enhanced water quality parameters, including higher dissolved oxygen and lower nitrogenous wastes. Heterotrophic bacterial count in water samples was recorded as 5.28 ± 0.15 and 5.11 ± 0.28 log CFU/ml from the high- and low-density systems, respectively, with no significant difference. Beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus spp. were identified in water samples from both systems, still, the Vibrio-like count was developed in the higher density system. Regarding shrimp food bacterial quality, the total bacterial count in the shrimp was recorded as 5.09 ± 0.1 log CFU/g in the 300 org./m2 treatment compared to 4.75 ± 0.24 log CFU/g in the lower density. Escherichia coli was isolated from the shrimps in a lower density group while Aeromonas hydrophila and Citrobacter freundii were associated with shrimps from a higher density system. Immune-related genes including prophenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lysozyme (LYZ) expressions were all significantly higher expressed in the shrimp from the lower density treatment. Toll receptor (LvToll), penaiedin4 (PEN4), and stress-related gene (HSP 70) showed a decreased gene expression in the shrimp raised in the lower density. Significant upregulation of growth-related gene (Ras-related protein-RAP) expression was associated with the lower stocking density system. In conclusion, the current study found that applying high stocking density (300 org./m2) contributes negatively to performance, water quality, microbial community, bacterial food quality, and gene expression of immune, stress, and growth-related genes when compared with the lower stocking density system (100 org./m2) under biofloc system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Said
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Y. A. El-barbary
- Department of Fish Health and Diseases, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - O. M. Ahmed
- Department of Fish Processing and Technology, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
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Kim SK, Song J, Rajeev M, Kim SK, Kang I, Jang IK, Cho JC. Exploring bacterioplankton communities and their temporal dynamics in the rearing water of a biofloc-based shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei) aquaculture system. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:995699. [PMID: 36204630 PMCID: PMC9531771 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.995699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofloc technology (BFT) has recently gained considerable attention as a sustainable method in shrimp aquaculture. In a successful BFT system, microbial communities are considered a crucial component in their ability to both improve water quality and control microbial pathogens. Yet, bacterioplankton diversity in rearing water and how bacterioplankton community composition changes with shrimp growth are rarely documented. In this study, the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei was cultivated in a greenhouse-enclosed BFT system. Rearing water samples were collected on a weekly basis for 5 months (152 days) and water quality variables such as physicochemical parameters and inorganic nutrients were monitored. In parallel, 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing was employed to investigate the temporal patterns of rearing-water microbiota. The productivity, survival rate, and feed conversion ratio were 3.2-4.4 kg/m3, 74%-89%, and 1.2-1.3, respectively, representing successful super-intensive cultures. The metataxonomic results indicated a highly dynamic bacterioplankton community, with two major shifts over the culture. Members of the phylum Planctomycetes dominated in rearing water during the early stages, while Actinobacteria dominated during the middle stages, and Chloroflexi and TM7 dominated during the late stages of culture. The bacterioplankton community fluctuated more in the beginning but stabilized as the culture progressed. Intriguingly, we observed that certain bacterioplankton groups dominated in a culture-stage-specific manner; these groups include Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi, which either contribute to water quality regulation or possess probiotic potential. Altogether, our results indicate that an operationally successful BFT-based aquaculture system favors the growth and dynamics of specific microbial communities in rearing water. Our study expands the scientific understanding of the practical utilization of microbes in sustainable aquaculture. A thorough understanding of rearing-water microbiota and factors influencing their dynamics will help to establish effective management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyoung Kim
- West Sea Mariculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Taean, South Korea
| | - Jaeho Song
- Division of Microbiology, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo, South Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Meora Rajeev
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Su Kyoung Kim
- West Sea Mariculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Taean, South Korea
| | - Ilnam Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - In-Kwon Jang
- West Sea Mariculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Taean, South Korea
| | - Jang-Cheon Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
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Yang X, Zhao X, Wang G, Dong X, Yang Q, Liu H, Zhang S, Tan B, Chi S. Improvement of hybrid grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) by enzyme-digested poultry by-product: Growth performance, amino acid and peptide transport capacity, and intestinal morphology. Front Nutr 2022; 9:955734. [PMID: 35928839 PMCID: PMC9343992 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.955734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At present, fish meal (FM) resources are in short supply, and competition for food between humans and animals is becoming increasingly critical. Finding non-grain protein sources that can replace FM is the key to solving the rapid development of aquaculture. Methods Seven trial diets were prepared with 0 g/kg (EP0), 30 g/kg (EP3), 60 g/kg (EP6), 90 g/kg (EP9), 120 g/kg (EP12), 150 g/kg (EP15), and 180 g/kg (EP18) of enzyme-digested poultry by-product meal (EPBM) by replacing of FM. A total of 630 hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) were equally portioned into 21 tanks. At 8:00 and 16:00 each day, groupers were fed until they were full for a cumulative period of 8 weeks. Results The results showed that 30 g/kg of EPBM significantly increased the rates of weight gain and special growth (P < 0.05). Significantly higher activities of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were observed in the EP3 group (P < 0.05). The categories and numbers of the top 10 dominant bacteria in the phylum and genus levels were not significantly influenced by feed (P > 0.05). In the proximal intestine and distal intestine, there were significantly higher expressions of SNAT3, LAAT1, CAT2, and CAT1 in the EP3 group compared with the EP0 group (P < 0.05). In the EP3 group, the expressions of PepT1, LAAT1, B0, +AT, and CAT2 were significantly increased in MI than those in all other groups (except the EP0 group, P < 0.05). Conclusion When FM was replaced by 30 g/kg of EPBM, growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and the ability to transport amino acids and peptides of hybrid grouper were significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xumin Zhao
- Yichang Huatai Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Yichang, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Yichang Huatai Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Yichang, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
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15
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C058 and Other Functional Microorganisms Promote the Synthesis of Extracellular Polymer Substances in Mycelium Biofloc. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mycelium biofloc bioaugmented by Cordyceps strain C058 effectively purifies water, which may be related to the synthesis of extracellular polymer substances. To verify this conjecture, we analyzed the changes in extracellular polymer substances content in the mycelium biofloc under various hydraulic retention times (36 h, 18 h, and 11 h). The microstructure and microflora composition were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and high-throughput sequencing. The ordinary biofloc without bioaugmentation was taken as a control. The results showed that under the above hydraulic retention time, the extracellular polymer substances contents of the mycelium biofloc were 51.20, 55.89, and 33.84 mg/g, respectively, higher than that of the ordinary biofloc (14.58, 15.72, and 18.19 mg/g). The protein content or the polysaccharide content also followed the same trend. Meanwhile, the sedimentation performance of the mycelium biofloc was better than that of the ordinary biofloc, attributed to the content of the extracellular polymer substances. It is worth noting that C058 is the main biofloc content, which promotes the synthesis of extracellular polymer substances in the mycelium biofloc. Other functional microorganisms in the mycelium biofloc were Janthinobacterium, Phormidium, Leptolyngbya, Hymenobacter, and Spirotrichea, which also promote the synthesis of extracellular polymer substances.
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Xu W, Wen G, Su H, Xu Y, Hu X, Cao Y. Effect of Input C/N Ratio on Bacterial Community of Water Biofloc and Shrimp Gut in a Commercial Zero-Exchange System with Intensive Production of Penaeus vannamei. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051060. [PMID: 35630503 PMCID: PMC9146922 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although increasing attention has been attracted to the study and application of biofloc technology (BFT) in aquaculture, few details have been reported about the bacterial community of biofloc and its manipulation strategy for commercial shrimp production. An 8-week trial was conducted to investigate the effects of three input C/N ratios (8:1, 12:1 and 16:1) on the bacterial community of water biofloc and shrimp gut in a commercial BFT tank system with intensive aquaculture of P. vannamei. Each C/N ratio group had three randomly assigned replicate tanks (culture water volume of 30 m3), and each tank was stocked with juvenile shrimp at a density of 300 shrimp m−3. The tank systems were operated with zero-water exchange, pH maintenance and biofloc control. During the trial, the microbial biomass and bacterial density of water biofloc showed similar variation trends, with no significant difference under respective biofloc control measures for the three C/N ratio groups. Significant changes were found in the alpha diversity, composition and relative abundance of bacterial communities across the stages of the trial, and they showed differences in water biofloc and shrimp gut among the three C/N ratio groups. Meanwhile, high similarity could be found in the composition of the bacterial community between water biofloc and shrimp gut. Additionally, nitrogen dynamics in culture water showed some differences while shrimp performance showed no significant difference among the three C/N ratio groups. Together, these results confirm that the manipulation of input C/N ratio could affect the bacterial community of both water biofloc and shrimp gut in the environment of a commercial BFT system with intensive production of P. vannamei. Moreover, there should be different operations for the nitrogen dynamics and biofloc management during shrimp production process under different C/N ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujie Xu
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China; (W.X.); (H.S.); (Y.X.); (X.H.)
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Guoliang Wen
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Haochang Su
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China; (W.X.); (H.S.); (Y.X.); (X.H.)
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
| | - Yu Xu
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China; (W.X.); (H.S.); (Y.X.); (X.H.)
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
| | - Xiaojuan Hu
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China; (W.X.); (H.S.); (Y.X.); (X.H.)
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
| | - Yucheng Cao
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China; (W.X.); (H.S.); (Y.X.); (X.H.)
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-34063050
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17
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Huang L, Guo H, Liu Z, Chen C, Wang K, Huang X, Chen W, Zhu Y, Yan M, Zhang D. Contrasting patterns of bacterial communities in the rearing water and gut of Penaeus vannamei in response to exogenous glucose addition. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:222-236. [PMID: 37073217 PMCID: PMC10077327 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-021-00124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Supplementing exogenous carbon sources is a practical approach to improving shrimp health by manipulating the microbial communities of aquaculture systems. However, little is known about the microbiological processes and mechanisms of these systems. Here, the effects of glucose addition on shrimp growth performance and bacterial communities of the rearing water and the shrimp gut were investigated to address this knowledge gap. The results showed that glucose addition significantly improved the growth and survival of shrimp. Although the α-diversity indices of both bacterioplankton communities and gut microbiota were significantly decreased by adding glucose, both bacterial communities exhibited divergent response patterns to glucose addition. Glucose addition induced a dispersive bacterioplankton community but a more stable gut bacterial community. Bacterial taxa belonging to Ruegeria were significantly enriched by glucose in the guts, especially the operational taxonomic unit 2575 (OTU2575), which showed the highest relative importance to the survival rate and individual weight of shrimp, with the values of 43.8 and 40.6%, respectively. In addition, glucose addition increased the complexity of interspecies interactions within gut bacterial communities and the network nodes from Rhodobacteraceae accounted for higher proportions and linked more with the nodes from other taxa in the glucose addition group than that in control. These findings suggest that glucose addition may provide a more stable gut microbiota for shrimp by increasing the abundance of certain bacterial taxa, such as Ruegeria. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-021-00124-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001 China
| | - Haipeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
| | - Zidan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, 325005 China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou, 325005 China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
| | - Yueyue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
| | - Mengchen Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
| | - Demin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
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18
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Guo H, Dong P, Gao F, Huang L, Wang S, Wang R, Yan M, Zhang D. Sucrose addition directionally enhances bacterial community convergence and network stability of the shrimp culture system. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2022; 8:22. [PMID: 35410335 PMCID: PMC9001642 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-022-00288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose is an effective carbon source for creating more reliable and environmentally friendly conditions for shrimp growth by regulating bacteria in biofloc-based culture systems. However, the influence of sucrose addition on the interaction, co-occurrence networks, and assembly mechanisms of bacterial communities in biofloc-based culture systems remains largely unknown. Here, we comprehensively investigated the effects of sucrose addition on bacterial communities in three habitats (water, bioflocs, and gut). The bacterial community structures and compositions of these three habitats became more similar in groups with sucrose addition, compared with those in controls. More than 50% gut bacterial communities were mainly derived from water and biofloc communities in the sucrose addition groups, but only about 33% bacterial communities migrated from water and biofloc to the gut in the control culture system. Sucrose addition accordantly enriched core taxa belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria and the families Rhodobacteraceae and Flavobacteriaceae in water, biofloc, and gut habitats. These core taxa were important for maintaining bacterial network stability in the sucrose addition culture systems and some were identified as keystone taxa for improving shrimp growth. Furthermore, after sucrose addition, gut bacterial community assembly from water and biofloc was dominated by the heterogeneous select with the ratios of 55-91% and 67-83%, respectively, indicating that sucrose addition can directionally shape the bacterial assembly of the shrimp culture system. These results provide a basis for selectively regulating certain beneficial taxa to improve shrimp growth in culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Guo
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Pengsheng Dong
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Fan Gao
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Sipeng Wang
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Mengchen Yan
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Demin Zhang
- State key laboratory for managing biotic and chemical threats to the quality and safety of agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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19
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Soto-Rodriguez SA, Lozano-Olvera R, Ramos-Clamont Montfort G, Zenteno E, Sánchez-Salgado JL, Vibanco-Pérez N, Aguilar Rendón KG. New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of PirAB from Vibrio Parahaemolyticus. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040243. [PMID: 35448852 PMCID: PMC9030326 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PirAB toxins secreted by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) harbor the pVA1 virulence plasmid, which causes acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), an emerging disease in Penaeid shrimp that can cause 70–100% mortality and that has resulted in great economic losses since its first appearance. The cytotoxic effect of PirABVp on the epithelial cells of the shrimp hepatopancreas (Hp) has been extensively documented. New insights into the biological role of the PirBVp subunit show that it has lectin-like activity and recognizes mucin-like O-glycosidic structures in the shrimp Hp. The search for toxin receptors can lead to a better understanding of the infection mechanisms of the pathogen and the prevention of the host disease by blocking toxin–receptor interactions using a mimetic antagonist. There is also evidence that Vp AHPND changes the community structure of the microbiota in the surrounding water, resulting in a significant reduction of several bacterial taxa, especially Neptuniibacter spp. Considering these findings, the PirABvp toxin could exhibit a dual role of damaging the shrimp Hp while killing the surrounding bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia A. Soto-Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad de Acuacultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N A.P. 711, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (R.L.-O.); (K.G.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodolfo Lozano-Olvera
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad de Acuacultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N A.P. 711, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (R.L.-O.); (K.G.A.R.)
| | - Gabriela Ramos-Clamont Montfort
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, Mexico;
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico City 04510, Mexico, Mexico; (E.Z.); (J.L.S.-S.)
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Salgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico City 04510, Mexico, Mexico; (E.Z.); (J.L.S.-S.)
| | - Norberto Vibanco-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura, Tepic 63190, Nayarit, Mexico;
| | - Karla G. Aguilar Rendón
- Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Unidad de Acuacultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N A.P. 711, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico; (R.L.-O.); (K.G.A.R.)
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20
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Kumar V, Roy S, Behera BK, Swain HS, Das BK. Biofloc Microbiome With Bioremediation and Health Benefits. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:741164. [PMID: 34912305 PMCID: PMC8667556 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.741164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The biofloc system has recently attracted great attention as a cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly technology and expected to contribute toward human food security (Zero Hunger SDG 2). It is also expected that this endeavor can be adopted widely because of its characteristics of zero water exchange and reduced artificial feeding features. In the biofloc system, the flocs which are generally formed by aggregation of heterotrophic microorganisms, serve as natural bioremediation candidates. These microbes effectively maintain water quality by utilizing the nutrient wastes, mostly originated from digested, unconsumed, and metabolic processes of feed. Additionally, the flocs are important sources of nutrients, mainly a protein source, and when these are consumed by aquaculture animals they improve the growth performance, immunity, and disease tolerance of host against pathogenic microbial infection. Here in this review, we focus on recent advances that could provide a mechanistic insight on how the microbial community developed in the biofloc system helps in the bioremediation process and enhances the overall health of the host. We have also tried to address the possible role of these microbial communities against growth and virulence of pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, India
| | - Suvra Roy
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, India
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology (AEBN) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, India
| | - Himanshu Sekhar Swain
- Fisheries Enhancement and Management (FEM) Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute (CIFRI), Barrackpore, India
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21
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Li D, Miao J, Pan L, Zhou Y, Gao Z, Yang Y, Xu R, Zhang X. Impacts of benzo(a)pyrene exposure on scallop (Chlamys farreri) gut health and gut microbiota composition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149471. [PMID: 34371399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The gut tissue interacts with nutrients and pollutants which can impact gut health. Gut microbiota is essential to the host health, but is also easily affected by external environment. However, little is known about the toxicological assessment of environmental contaminants on gut health and microbiota, especially in marine invertebrates. In this study, we first explored the effect of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on the gut health and gut microbiota of scallops (Chlamys farreri). The scallops were exposed to different concentrations (0, 0.4, 2 and 10 μg/L) of BaP for 21 days. The histological morphology, immune- and oxidative enzyme-related gene expression, and lipid peroxidation of the scallops were analyzed at 7, 14 and 21 days. The results revealed that BaP could impair intestinal barrier function, increasing the intestinal permeability of scallops. Moreover, immune and antioxidant responses were induced in the gut tissue. After a 21-day exposure to different concentrations of BaP, the intestinal microbial community was analyzed based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Our results suggested that BaP exposure altered the gut microbial diversity and composition in scallops. Many beneficial genera declined after BaP treatment, while the potential pathogens were increased, such as Mycoplasma and Tenacibaculum. A series of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were recognized in BaP-treated groups, such as Pseudomonas, Polaribacter, Amphritea and Kordiimonas. Interestingly, the degrading bacteria present varied after exposure to different concentrations of BaP. Overall, this study provides new insights into gut health and gut microbiota in marine invertebrates following exposure to persistent organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Yueyao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yingying Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ruiyi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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22
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Tang Y, Ma KY, Cheung MK, Yang CH, Wang Y, Hu X, Kwan HS, Chu KH. Gut Microbiota in Decapod Shrimps: Evidence of Phylosymbiosis. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:994-1007. [PMID: 33629169 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota have long attracted the interest of scientists due to their profound impact on the well-being of animals. A non-random pattern of microbial assembly that results in a parallelism between host phylogeny and microbial similarity is described as phylosymbiosis. Phylosymbiosis has been consistently observed in different clades of animal hosts, but there have been no studies on crustaceans. In this study, we investigated whether host phylogeny has an impact on the gut microbiota assemblages in decapod shrimps. We examined the gut microbial communities in 20 shrimp species from three families inhabiting distinct environments, using metabarcoding analyses of the V1-V3 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. Gut microbial communities varied within each shrimp group but were generally dominated by Proteobacteria. A prevalent phylosymbiotic pattern in shrimps was evidenced for the first time by the observations of (1) the distinguishability of microbial communities among species within each group, (2) a significantly lower intraspecific than interspecific gut microbial beta diversity across shrimp groups, (3) topological congruence between host phylogenetic trees and gut microbiota dendrograms, and (4) a correlation between host genetic distances and microbial dissimilarities. Consistent signals of phylosymbiosis were observed across all groups in dendrograms based on the unweighted UniFrac distances at 99% operational taxonomic units (OTUs) level and in Mantel tests based on the weighted UniFrac distances based on 97% OTUs and amplicon sequence variants. Penaeids exhibited phylosymbiosis in most tests, while phylosymbiotic signals in atyids and pandalids were only detected in fewer than half of the tests. A weak phylogenetic signal was detected in the predicted functions of the penaeid gut microbiota. However, the functional diversities of the two caridean groups were not significantly related to host phylogeny. Our observations of a parallelism in the taxonomy of the gut microbiota with host phylogeny for all shrimp groups examined and in the predicted functions for the penaeid shrimps indicate a tight host-microbial relationship during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tang
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ka Yan Ma
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Kit Cheung
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chien-Hui Yang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Xuelei Hu
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hoi Shan Kwan
- Food Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ka Hou Chu
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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23
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Patil PK, Vinay TN, Ghate SD, Baskaran V, Avunje S. 16 S rRNA gene diversity and gut microbial composition of the Indian white shrimp (Penaeus indicus). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:2019-2031. [PMID: 34536184 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01658-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The endemic Indian white shrimp (Penaeus indicus) is an economically important crustacean species, distributed in the Indo-West Pacific region. Knowledge of its gut microbial composition helps in dietary interventions to ensure improved health and production. Here we analyzed V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16 S rRNA gene to examine intestinal microbiota in wild and domesticated farmed P. indicus. The study revealed that Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Tenericutes, and Bacteroidetes, were the dominant phyla in both the groups although there were differences in relative abundance. The dominant genera in case of the wild group were Photobacterium (29.5 %) followed by Propionigenium (13.9 %), Hypnocyclicus (13.7 %) and Vibrio (11.1 %); while Vibrio (46.5 %), Catenococcus (14 %), Propionigenium (10.3 %) and Photobacterium (8.7 %) were dominant in the farmed group. The results of the study suggest the role of environment on the relative abundance of gut bacteria. This is the first report characterizing gut microbial diversity in P. indicus, which can be used to understand the role of gut microbiota in health, nutrition, reproduction, and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Kumar Patil
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, MRC Nagar, Chennai, 600028, India
| | | | - Sudeep Darbhe Ghate
- Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Viswanathan Baskaran
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, MRC Nagar, Chennai, 600028, India
| | - Satheesha Avunje
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, MRC Nagar, Chennai, 600028, India
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24
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Yu Z, Zhao YY, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Ma YF, Li MY. Bioflocs attenuate Mn-induced bioaccumulation, immunotoxic and oxidative stress via inhibiting GR-NF-κB signalling pathway in Channa asiatica. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 247:109060. [PMID: 33901635 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is a relatively common element in aquatic ecosystems and can be bio-concentration, but the mechanism of manganese poisoning on fish health is unclear. Here, this study's objective was to evaluate the potential mechanisms of bioflocs in ameliorating Mn-induced toxicity in Channa asiatica. Three hundred sixty juveniles were randomly divided into 12 tanks. Four C:N ratios in triplicate tanks were tried: C/N = 7.6:1 with a commercial diet (control), C/N 10:1, C/N 15:1 and C/N 20:1, and the bio-accumulation, immunotoxic, oxidative stress, GR-NF-κB related genes expression and intestinal histomorphology were assessed in three different periods after Mn exposure (0 h, 48 h and 96 h). The results showed that bioflocs had a significant protective effect on Mn poisoning by preventing alterations in bio-accumulation levels, LSZ, AKP, C3, C4 and IgM, of which the C/N 15:1 group had the best relief effect. Furthermore, bioflocs also assisted in the recovery of liver T-SOD, CAT, GPX and T-AOC levels while decreasing the content of MDA. Moreover, C/N 15:1 group significantly down-regulated the expression level of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 and up-regulated significantly IκBα, GR, HSP70 and HSP90 expression levels considerably (P < 0.05). From the intestinal section, the C/N 15:1 group resistance was the best one, and there was no difference between C/N 20:1 group and control group. These results revealed that administration of bioflocs (C/N 15:1) has the potential to combat Mn toxicity in C. asiatica, and the specific pathway may be GR-NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Yun-Yi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Jilin Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Institute of Animal Nutrition Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Yan-Fen Ma
- College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Mu-Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China.
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25
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The Intestinal Bacterial Community and Functional Potential of Litopenaeus vannamei in the Coastal Areas of China. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091793. [PMID: 34576689 PMCID: PMC8470311 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal bacteria are crucial for the healthy aquaculture of Litopenaeus vannamei, and the coastal areas of China are important areas for concentrated L. vannamei cultivation. In this study, we evaluated different compositions and structures, key roles, and functional potentials of the intestinal bacterial community of L. vannamei shrimp collected in 12 Chinese coastal cities and investigated the correlation between the intestinal bacteria and functional potentials. The dominant bacteria in the shrimp intestines included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, and the main potential functions were metabolism, genetic information processing, and environmental information processing. Although the composition and structure of the intestinal bacterial community, potential pathogenic bacteria, and spoilage organisms varied from region to region, the functional potentials were homeostatic and significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with intestinal bacteria (at the family level) to different degrees. The correlation between intestinal bacteria and functional potentials further suggested that L. vannamei had sufficient functional redundancy to maintain its own health. These findings help us understand differences among the intestinal bacterial communities of L. vannamei cultivated in different regions and provide a basis for the disease management and healthy aquaculture of L. vannamei.
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26
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Diwan AD, Harke SN, Gopalkrishna, Panche AN. Aquaculture industry prospective from gut microbiome of fish and shellfish: An overview. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:441-469. [PMID: 34355428 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The microbiome actually deals with micro-organisms that are associated with indigenous body parts and the entire gut system in all animals, including human beings. These microbes are linked with roles involving hereditary traits, defence against diseases and strengthening overall immunity, which determines the health status of an organism. Considerable efforts have been made to find out the microbiome diversity and their taxonomic identification in finfish and shellfish and its importance has been correlated with various physiological functions and activities. In recent past due to the availability of advanced molecular tools, some efforts have also been made on DNA sequencing of these microbes to understand the environmental impact and other stress factors on their genomic structural profile. There are reports on the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, including amplicon and shot-gun approaches, and associated bioinformatics tools to count and classify commensal microbiome at the species level. The microbiome present in the whole body, particularly in the gut systems of finfish and shellfish, not only contributes to digestion but also has an impact on nutrition, growth, reproduction, immune system and vulnerability of the host fish to diseases. Therefore, the study of such microbial communities is highly relevant for the development of new and innovative bio-products which will be a vital source to build bio and pharmaceutical industries, including aquaculture. In recent years, attempts have been made to discover the chemical ingredients present in these microbes in the form of biomolecules/bioactive compounds with their functions and usefulness for various health benefits, particularly for the treatment of different types of disorders in animals. Therefore, it has been speculated that microbiomes hold great promise not only as a cure for ailments but also as a preventive measure for the number of infectious diseases. This kind of exploration of new breeds of microbes with their miraculous ingredients will definitely help to accelerate the development of the drugs, pharmaceutical and other biological related industries. Probiotic research and bioinformatics skills will further escalate these opportunities in the sector. In the present review, efforts have been made to collect comprehensive information on the finfish and shellfish microbiome, their diversity and functional properties, relationship with diseases, health status, data on species-specific metagenomics, probiotic research and bioinformatics skills. Further, emphasis has also been made to carry out microbiome research on priority basis not only to keep healthy environment of the fish farming sector but also for the sustainable growth of biological related industries, including aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind D Diwan
- Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay N Harke
- Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gopalkrishna
- Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE, Deemed University), ICAR, Mumbai, India
| | - Archana N Panche
- Mahatma Gandhi Mission's (MGM) Institute of Biosciences and Technology, MGM University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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Nguyen TTT, Foysal MJ, Fotedar R, Gupta SK, Siddik MAB, Tay CY. The Effect of Two Dietary Protein Sources on Water Quality and the Aquatic Microbial Communities in Marron (Cherax cainii) Culture. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:299-308. [PMID: 33432372 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Feeding freshwater crayfish species with different diets not only affects the water quality but also induces the abundance of various microbial communities in their digestive tracts. In this context, very limited research has been undertaken to understand the impacts of various protein incorporated aqua-diets on the characteristics of water and its microbial communities. In this study, we have critically analysed the water quality parameters including pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and phosphorus, as well as bacterial communities under marron (Cherax cainii) aquaculture, fed fishmeal (FM) and poultry by-product meal (PBM)-based diets for 60 days. The results unveiled that over the time, feeding has significant impacts on organic waste accumulation, especially ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate, while no effects were observed on pH and dissolved oxygen. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequence data of water sample indicated significant (P < 0.05) shift of microbial abundance in post-fed FM and PBM water with the evidence of microbial transmission from the gut of marron. Post-fed marron resulted in a significant correlation of Hafnia, Enterobacter, Candidatus Bacilloplasma and Aquitella with the quality and microbial population of water. The results of this study generated valuable knowledge database of microbes-water relationship for better health management practices and production of marron aquaculture fed with FM and PBM diets in under restricted feeding regime with the feeding ratios provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Research Institute for Aquaculture No.2, Cần Thơ, Vietnam
| | - Md Javed Foysal
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
| | - Ravi Fotedar
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Muhammad A B Siddik
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Chin-Yen Tay
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Yu Z, Zhao YY, Jiang N, Zhang AZ, Li MY. Bioflocs attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, immunosuppression and oxidative stress in Channa argus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:218-228. [PMID: 33965525 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of C/N in aquaculture water is an important means of environmental regulation, of which the most common is bioflocs technology (BFT). Here, an eight-week feeding experiment and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge test were proceed to investigate the growth, oxidative stress, immunosuppression and GR-NF-κB related genes expression of Channa argus rearing in the BFT. Four groups were set, the control group was a basic diet (C/N = 7.6:1), and the other three groups were adjusted by glucose, which was C/N 10: 1, C/N 15: 1 and C/N 20:1, respectively. And we detected the two-stage test indexes of C. argus before and after the LPS challenge. The results showed that the bioflocs of C/N 15:1 group significantly (P < 0.05) promoted the growth performance. Similarly, the trend of immune enzyme activity was the same before and after LPS challenge, but decreased after challenge (except AKP and IgM). The best group is still treatment C/N 15:1. Liver and intestine SOD, CAT, GPX, ASA and T-AOC levels of juveniles in treatment C/N 15:1 were markedly increased (P < 0.05) compared to control before and after the LPS challenge. Simultaneously, the content of MDA in control group was considerably higher than that in treatment C/N 15:1 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, C/N 15:1 group significantly down-regulated the expression level of pro-inflammatory factors (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8), and up-regulated IκBα, GR, HSP70 and HSP90 expression levels considerably (P < 0.05). Also, intestinal morphology appeared injury in control group, while intestinal integrity was better in treatment C/N 10:1 and C/N 15:1 after challenge. Taken together, these upshot indicated that bioflocs could enhance growth and alleviate C. argus from LPS-induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression and inflammation through restraining GR-NF-κB signaling pathway. The best C/N ratio for alleviating LPS is 15:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Yun-Yi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, China
| | - Ai-Zhong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, China.
| | - Mu-Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, China; College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
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Xu Y, Li Y, Xue M, Yang T, Luo X, Fan Y, Meng Y, Liu W, Lin G, Li B, Zeng L, Zhou Y. Effects of Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae YFI-SC2 on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Immune Parameters, Intestinal Microbiota, and Disease Resistance of Crayfish (Procambarus clarkia). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071963. [PMID: 34209070 PMCID: PMC8300296 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the dietary supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae YFI-SC2 on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune parameters, intestinal microbiota, and disease resistance of crayfish (Procambarus clarkia). Crayfish were randomly assigned to six different boxes and two different groups in triplicate. The control group received a basal diet and the treatment group received a diet containing S. cerevisiae at 107 CFU/g. After feeding for 28 days, crayfish of the treatment group exhibited a significantly better weight gain ratio (WGR) and a specific growth rate (SGR) (p < 0.05) than crayfish of the control group. Compared to the treatment group, the control group intestines showed an oedema connective tissue layer and a weak muscle layer. For immune-related genes, Crustin2 expression was similar between the groups, whereas Lysozyme and prophenoloxidase from treatment group expression levels were upregulated significantly (p < 0.05) after 14 and 28 days of feeding. Prophenoloxidase showed the highest expression, with 10.5- and 8.2-fold higher expression than in the control group at 14 and 28 days, respectively. The intestinal microbiota community structure was markedly different between the two groups. After 14 and 28 days of feeding, the relative abundance of Cetobacterium and Lactobacillus increased, whereas Citrobacter and Bacteroides decreased in the treatment group compared with that of the control group. The challenge test showed that crayfish of the treatment group had a significantly enhanced resistance against Citrobacter freundii (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that a S. cerevisiae-containing diet positively influenced the health status, immune parameters, intestinal microbiota composition, and disease resistance of crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Yiqun Li
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Tao Yang
- Animal Health Research Institute, Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Xiaowen Luo
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Yan Meng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Ge Lin
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
| | - Bo Li
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430207, China;
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-18627783535 (L.Z.); +86-13554642560 (Y.Z.)
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (Y.X.); (Y.L.); (M.X.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.M.); (W.L.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-18627783535 (L.Z.); +86-13554642560 (Y.Z.)
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Jing X, Su S, Zhang C, Zhu J, Hou Y, Li Z, Yang X, Zhou X, He X, Munganga BP, Tang Y, Xu P. Dynamic changes in microbial community structure in farming pond water and their effect on the intestinal microbial community profile in juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Genomics 2021; 113:2547-2560. [PMID: 34029696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water quality parameter dynamics, gut, sediment and water bacteria communities were studied to understand the environmental influence on the gut microbial community of a new strain of Huanghe common carp. A total of 3,384,078 raw tags and 5105 OTUs were obtained for the gut, water and sediment bacteria. The water quality had a stronger influence on the water bacteria community than gut and sediment bacteria communities. The ambient water quality parameters also significantly influenced the water and sediment bacteria communities. Comparing the gut, sediment, and water microbial communities, a relationship was found among them. However, gut bacteria were more closely related to sediment bacterial communities than to water bacteria communities. The results showed that the top three bacterial taxa were identical in gut and sediment samples in the early days of rearing. Interestingly, bacterial communities in the carp gut, water, and sediment had different adaptabilities to variations in environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Jing
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Shengyan Su
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Yiran Hou
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Zhixun Li
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou 2450044, PR China
| | - Xingli Yang
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou 2450044, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Henan Academy of Fishery Sciences, Zhengzhou 2450044, PR China
| | - Xugang He
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | | | - Yongkai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Pao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Aquaculture Biology of Freshwater Fishes, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, PR China.
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Addo FG, Zhang S, Manirakiza B, Ohore OE, Shudong Y. The impacts of straw substrate on biofloc formation, bacterial community and nutrient removal in shrimp ponds. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124727. [PMID: 33548819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study explored biofloc technology for shrimp culture based on straw substrates with a size of 40 mu, 80 mu, and 120 mu. Straw substrates utilization stimulated shrimp growth compared to control. Treatment with 40 mu had the best ammonium (71.60%) and nitrite nitrogen (77.78%) removal rates generally. In all biofloc treatments, Proteobacteria (4.10-56.1%) was the most dominant phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes (2.44-38.21%), Planctomycetes (0.45-21.41%), and Verrucomicrobia (1.2-10.30%). Redundancy analysis showed that salinity was a significant factor closely related to the microbial community in biofloc. The environmental parameters (DO > pH > TN > NH4+-N > COD > Salinity > EC), nitrification, and denitrification genes (amoA > napA > nirK) were significant factors that interrelated with the bacterial genus in the network analysis. This study highlighted a novel technology of reusing agricultural waste that transformed inorganic nitrogen using nutrient recycling to control water quality in the culture system and produced microbial proteins that served as a natural nutritional supplement to enhance shrimp growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Gyawu Addo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Songhe Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Benjamin Manirakiza
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; University of Rwanda (UR), College of Science and Technology (CST), Department of Biology, P.O. Box 3900, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Okugbe Ebiotubo Ohore
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yuan Shudong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Anhui Transport Consulting & Design Institute Co., Ltd, Hefei, PR China
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Effect of sample type and the use of high or low fishmeal diets on bacterial communities in the gastrointestinal tract of Penaeus monodon. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1301-1313. [PMID: 33427931 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In shrimp aquaculture, manufactured diets that include various supplements and alternative fishmeal ingredients are increasingly being used and their effect on the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota studied. However, dietary effects on different shrimp GI samples are not known. We investigated how a high (HFM) or low (LFM) fishmeal diet affects bacterial communities from different sample types collected from Penaeus monodon gastrointestinal tract. Bacterial communities of the stomach, intestine tissue and intestine digesta were assessed using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. The feed pellets were also assessed as a potential source of bacteria in the GI tract. Results showed substantial differences in bacterial communities between the two diets as well as between the different sample types. Within the shrimp GI samples, stomach and digesta communities were most impacted by diet, while the community observed in the intestine tissue was less affected. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the main phyla observed in shrimp samples, with enrichment of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the LFM fed shrimp. The feed pellets were dominated by Firmicutes and were largely dissimilar to the shrimp samples. Several key taxa were shared however between the feed pellets and shrimp GI samples, particularly in the LFM fed shrimp, indicating the pellets may be a significant source of bacteria observed in shrimp GI samples. In summary, both diet and sample type influenced the bacterial communities characterised from the shrimp GI tract. Thus, it is important to consider the sample type collected from the GI tract when investigating dietary impacts on gut bacterial communities in shrimp. KEY POINTS: • Shrimp gastrointestinal communities are influenced by diet and sample type. • The low fishmeal diet enriched bacteria that aid in polysaccharide metabolism. • Feed pellets can be a source of bacteria-detected gastrointestinal tract of shrimp.
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Yu Z, Quan YN, Huang ZQ, Wang HH, Wu LF. Monitoring oxidative stress, immune response, Nrf2/NF-κB signaling molecules of Rhynchocypris lagowski living in BFT system and exposed to waterborne ammonia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111161. [PMID: 32853865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was implemented to evaluate oxidative stress, immune response, Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling molecules related genes expression of Rhynchocypris lagowski living in biofloc technology (BFT) system and exposed to waterborne ammonia. According to the differences of C:N ratios, the experiment was divided into four groups: C:N 10.8:1 (control group), C:N 15:1, C:N 20: 1 and C:N 25:1. The results demonstrated that BFT can effectively regulate water quality and promote growth, and the C:N 20:1 group has the most significant effect (P < 0.05). Besides, significant increases in immune enzymes (lysozyme, complement C3, C4, immunoglobulin M and nitric oxide synthase) and anti-inflammatory factor (IL-2) activity of R. lagowski were emerged in the treatment C:N 20:1 after the 56-d growth experiment and the challenging trial (P < 0.05). Comparing the antioxidant status of R. lagowski in liver and gut before and after ammonia stress: superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity in treatments C:N 20:1 were significant increased (P < 0.05), while the level of malondialdehyde was marked lower than that in control. Meanwhile, treatment C:N 20:1 considerably upregulated Nrf2 signaling molecules related genes and significantly down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory factor gene in NF-κB signaling pathway compared with the control (P < 0.05). These results indicated that BFT could enhance growth, antioxidant and immune response and regulate Nrf2 and NF-κB related genes expression in R. lagowski, with most excellent effects in fish given C:N 20:1 group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No.2008 Xincheng Street, China
| | - Ya-Nan Quan
- Changchun Jingyuetan Reservoir Management Office, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China
| | - Zhang-Qi Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No.2008 Xincheng Street, China
| | - Hong-He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Li-Fang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No.2008 Xincheng Street, China.
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Brown BRP, Nunez JCB, Rand DM. Characterizing the cirri and gut microbiomes of the intertidal barnacle Semibalanus balanoides. Anim Microbiome 2020; 2:41. [PMID: 33499976 PMCID: PMC7807441 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-020-00058-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural populations inhabiting the rocky intertidal experience multiple ecological stressors and provide an opportunity to investigate how environmental differences influence microbiomes over small geographical scales. However, very few microbiome studies focus on animals that inhabit the intertidal. In this study, we investigate the microbiome of the intertidal barnacle Semibalanus balanoides. We first describe the microbiome of two body tissues: the feeding appendages, or cirri, and the gut. Next, we examine whether there are differences between the microbiome of each body tissue of barnacles collected from the thermally extreme microhabitats of the rocky shores' upper and lower tidal zones. RESULTS Overall, the microbiome of S. balanoides consisted of 18 phyla from 408 genera. Our results showed that although cirri and gut microbiomes shared a portion of their amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), the microbiome of each body tissue was distinct. Over 80% of the ASVs found in the cirri were also found in the gut, and 44% of the ASVs found in the gut were also found in the cirri. Notably, the gut microbiome was not a subset of the cirri microbiome. Additionally, we identified that the cirri microbiome was responsive to microhabitat differences. CONCLUSION Results from this study indicate that S. balanoides maintains distinct microbiomes in its cirri and gut tissues, and that the gut microbiome is more stable than the cirri microbiome between the extremes of the intertidal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca R P Brown
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, 80 Waterman St., Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, 85 Waterman St., Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Joaquin C B Nunez
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, 80 Waterman St., Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, 485 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - David M Rand
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, 80 Waterman St., Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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Yu Z, Dai ZY, Qin GX, Li MY, Wu LF. Alleviative effects of dietary microbial floc on copper-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, intestinal apoptosis and barrier dysfunction in Rhynchocypris lagowski Dybowski. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:120-132. [PMID: 32768707 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal poisoning in humans and fish represents a significant global problem. Copper (Cu), as an essential micronutrient in human and animal metabolism, often accumulates excessively in aquatic environment. The microbial floc is rich in a variety of probiotics and bioactive compounds, which has been documented to have the functions of antioxidant and immunoenhancement. A 64-day experiment was conducted to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of dietary supplementation of microbial floc and Cu exposure on inflammatory response, oxidative stress, intestinal apoptosis and barrier dysfunction in Rhynchocypris lagowski Dybowski. A total of four hundred fifty R. lagowski were fed five experimental diets containing graded levels of microbial floc from 0% to 16% (referred to as B0, B4, B8, B12 and B16, respectively) in the first 60 days, and 96 h of acute copper exposure test was carried out in the last four days. The results showed that microbial floc exerted significant alleviative effects by preventing alterations in the levels of bioaccumulation, caspase3, caspase8, caspase9, malondialdehyde and interleukin-6, improving the activities of lysozyme, complement C3, complement C4, immunoglobulin M, alkaline phosphatase, heat shock protein 70, heat shock protein 90 and glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity. In addition, microbial floc assisted in regulating the expression of NF-κB/Nrf2 signaling molecule genes, including NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, TGF-β, Keap1, Nrf2, Maf, HO-1, CAT, CuZn-SOD, GCLC and GPX. Overall, our results suggest that dietary supplementation with of microbial floc can alleviate copper-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, intestinal apoptosis and barrier dysfunction in R. lagowski. A suitable supplementation level of approximately 12% microbial floc is recommended in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No.2008, Xincheng Street, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Dai
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Gui-Xin Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No.2008, Xincheng Street, China
| | - Mu-Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No.2008, Xincheng Street, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163316, China
| | - Li-Fang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No.2008, Xincheng Street, China.
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Tepaamorndech S, Nookaew I, Higdon SM, Santiyanont P, Phromson M, Chantarasakha K, Mhuantong W, Plengvidhya V, Visessanguan W. Metagenomics in bioflocs and their effects on gut microbiome and immune responses in Pacific white shrimp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:733-741. [PMID: 32858186 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biofloc systems generate and accumulate microbial aggregates known as bioflocs. The presence of bioflocs has been shown to change gut bacterial diversity and stimulate innate immunity in shrimp. The microbial niche of bioflocs may therefore have the potential to drive shifts in the shrimp gut microbiota associated with stimulation of innate immunity. We performed shotgun metagenomic analysis and 16S rRNA-based amplicon sequencing to characterize complex bacterial members in bioflocs and the shrimp digestive tract, respectively. Moreover, we determined whether biofloc-grown shrimp with discrete gut microbiomes had an elevation in local immune-related gene expression and systemic immune activities. Our findings demonstrated that the bacterial community in bioflocs changed dynamically during Pacific white shrimp cultivation. Metagenomic analysis revealed that Vibrio comprised 90% of the biofloc population, while Pseualteromonas, Photobacterium, Shewanella, Alteromonas, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Acinetobacter, Clostridium, Marinifilum, and Pseudomonas were also detected. In the digestive tract, biofloc-grown shrimp maintained the presence of commensal bacteria including Vibrio, Photobacterium, Shewanella, Granulosicoccus, and Ruegeria similar to control shrimp. However, Vibrio and Photobacterium were significantly enriched and declined, respectively, in biofloc-grown shrimp. The presence of bioflocs upregulated immune-related genes encoding serine proteinase and prophenoloxidase in digestive organs which are routinely exposed to gut microbiota. Biofloc-grown shrimp also demonstrated a significant increase in systemic immune status. As a result, the survival rate of biofloc-grown shrimp was substantially higher than that of the control shrimp. Our findings suggested that the high relative abundance of vibrios in bioflocs enriched the number of vibrios in the digestive tract of biofloc-grown shrimp. This shift in gut microbiota composition may be partially responsible for local upregulation of immune-related gene expression in digestive organs and systemic promotion of immune status in circulating hemolymph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surapun Tepaamorndech
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Phahonyothin Rd., Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Shawn M Higdon
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Pannita Santiyanont
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Phahonyothin Rd., Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Metavee Phromson
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Phahonyothin Rd., Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanittha Chantarasakha
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Phahonyothin Rd., Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Mhuantong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Phahonyothin Rd., Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Vetthachai Plengvidhya
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Phahonyothin Rd., Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wonnop Visessanguan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Phahonyothin Rd., Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
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Kishawy AT, Sewid AH, Nada HS, Kamel MA, El-Mandrawy SA, Abdelhakim TM, El-Murr AEI, Nahhas NE, Hozzein WN, Ibrahim D. Mannanoligosaccharides as a Carbon Source in Biofloc Boost Dietary Plant Protein and Water Quality, Growth, Immunity and Aeromonas hydrophila Resistance in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10101724. [PMID: 32977486 PMCID: PMC7598294 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Biofloc technology (BFT), offers some potential advantages for improvements in water quality and growth of farmed fish reared in recirculation systems. One practical disadvantage of implementing a BFT system to culture fish is the need to add organic carbon to maintain a C:N ratio above 10. The present study evaluated the effect of using mannan oligosaccharides as a carbon source in a biofloc system with cultivated tilapia. MOS resulted in increased lactic acid bacterial count in the water and the intestinal tract, modulated immune response and resistance against Aeromonus hydrophila and improved the survival and growth of reared Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) or glycerol (GLY) as a carbon source on biofloc systems of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) juveniles. Fish (n = 750) were reared in open flow (Controls) or biofloc systems (B-GLY and B-MOS) fed with a plant or fish protein source over a period of twelve weeks. Total ammonia nitrogen and nitrate decreased in the biofloc groups, while biofloc volume increased in B-MOS. Compared to the controls, B-MOS and B-GLY exhibited higher weight gain and improved feed conversion, irrespectively of the diet. Serum level of C-reactive protein was reduced, while IgM and lysozyme activity was higher in the B-MOS fish, compared to other groups. Intestinal Bacillus spp. count was increased, whereas Vibrio, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas spp. counts decreased in B-MOS reared groups, compared to the other groups. The proinflammatory cytokine (IL-8 and IFN-γ) transcript expression was upregulated in B-MOS more than B-GLY reared groups. Compared to the controls, the virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila was decreased in the B-MOS and B-GLY groups. The results indicate several benefits of using MOS as a carbon source in a biofloc Nile tilapia system; a cost benefit analysis is required to assess the economic viability of this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa T.Y. Kishawy
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Al Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.T.Y.K.); (D.I.)
| | - Alaa H. Sewid
- Departments of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Al Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt; (A.H.S.); (H.S.N.)
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Hend S. Nada
- Departments of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Al Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt; (A.H.S.); (H.S.N.)
| | - Mohamed A. Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Al Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt;
| | - Shefaa A.M. El-Mandrawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Taghrid M.N. Abdelhakim
- Department of Fish Health and Management, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Agriculture Research Center, Abo Hammad 44519, Egypt;
| | - Abd Elhakeem I. El-Murr
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Al Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt;
| | - Nihal El Nahhas
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Moharram baik, Alexandria 21515, Egypt;
| | - Wael N. Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ibrahim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Al Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.T.Y.K.); (D.I.)
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de Souza Valente C, Rodiles A, Freire Marques MR, Merrifield DL. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) disturbs the intestinal microbiota of shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) reared in biofloc and clear seawater. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8007-8023. [PMID: 32789745 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10816-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most virulent pathogens afflicting shrimp farming. Understanding its influence on shrimp intestinal microbiota is paramount for the advancement of aquaculture, since gut dysbiosis can negatively impact shrimp development, physiology, and immunological response. Thereupon, the data presented herein assesses the influence of WSSV infection and different rearing systems on the intestinal microbiota of Penaeus vannamei. Our study aimed to describe and correlate the composition of shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) gut microbiota, when reared in biofloc and clear seawater, before and (48 h) after WSSV experimental infection. Shrimp were kept in two different systems (biofloc and clear seawater) and experimentally infected with WSSV. Intestine and water samples were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, before and after viral infection. We observed (i) WSSV induced higher mortality among shrimp reared in biofloc; (ii) WSSV led to a loss of intestinal microbiota heterogeneity, at the genus level, in shrimp kept in clear seawater; (iii) there was a prevalence of Cetobacterium and Bacillus in the intestine of shrimp from both systems; (iv) WSSV did not cause significant changes in intestinal microbiota diversity or richness; (v) regardless of the type of system and time of infection, intestinal microbiota was dissimilar to that of the surrounding water, despite being influenced by the type of system. Therefore, WSSV infection leads to punctual dysbiotic changes in shrimp microbiota, although the virus is sufficiently virulent to cause high mortalities even in well-managed systems, such as a balanced experimental biofloc system. KEY POINTS: • WSSV infection leads to a perturbed gut microbiota in shrimp. • WSSV infection greater impacts microbiota of shrimp reared in CSW than those in BFT. • WSSV infection caused higher mortality levels in shrimp reared in BFT than in CSW. • Rearing system influences shrimp gut microbiota composition. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília de Souza Valente
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ana Rodiles
- School of Biological & Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Lallemand SAS, 31702, Blagnac, France
| | - Maria Risoleta Freire Marques
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniel Lee Merrifield
- School of Biological & Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Effects of Chitosan-Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei). Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18080419. [PMID: 32785070 PMCID: PMC7460103 DOI: 10.3390/md18080419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
When the aquaculture water environment deteriorates or the temperature rises, shrimp are susceptible to viral or bacterial infections, causing a large number of deaths. This study comprehensively evaluated the effects of the oral administration of a chitosan-gentamicin conjugate (CS-GT) after Litopenaeus vannamei were infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, through nonspecific immunity parameter detection, intestinal morphology observation, and the assessment of microbial flora diversification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the oral administration of CS-GT significantly increased total hemocyte counts and reduced hemocyte apoptosis in shrimp (p < 0.05). The parameters (including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and phenoloxidase) were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The integrity of the intestinal epithelial cells and basement membrane were enhanced, which correspondingly alleviated intestinal injury. In terms of the microbiome, the abundances of Vibrio (Gram-negative bacteria and food-borne pathogens) in the water and gut were significantly reduced. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the abundances of Vibrio both in the water and gut were negatively correlated with CS-GT dosage. In conclusion, the oral administration of CS-GT can improve the immunity of shrimp against pathogenic bacteria and significantly reduce the relative abundances of Vibrio in aquaculture water and the gut of Litopenaeus vannamei.
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Yu Z, Wu XQ, Zheng LJ, Dai ZY, Wu LF. Effect of acute exposure to ammonia and BFT alterations on Rhynchocypris lagowski: Digestive enzyme, inflammation response, oxidative stress and immunological parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 78:103380. [PMID: 32416163 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofloc technology (BFT) is a new green culture technology that is intended not merely to eradicate nitrogenous residues but also enhance immunity and antioxidant activity in aquatic animals. A 56-day feeding trial and a 96 h ammonia challenge test were implemented to evaluate the effect of acute exposure to ammonia and BFT alterations on Rhynchocypris lagowski: digestive enzyme, inflammation response, oxidative stress and immunological parameters in zero water exchange tanks. According to the differences of C/N ratios, the experiment was divided into four groups: C/N 10.8:1 (control group), C/N 15:1, C/N 20: 1 and C/N 25:1. The results provided evidence that weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were significantly elevated in C/N 20, while food conversion rate (FCR) was considerably decreased (P < 0.05) compared to the control. Significant increases in digestive enzyme amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS), protease (PRS) and cellulase (CES) activity; Immune enzyme complement C3, complement C4, Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) activity; Serum biochemical lysozyme (LSZ), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity; Inflammation TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 of R. lagowskis were found in the C/N 20 group after a 56-day feeding trial and a challenging trial (P < 0.05). Comparing the antioxidant capacity of R. lagowski in gills, brains and spleen of juveniles from the four experimental groups, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT) activity and glutathion reductases (GR) activity of juveniles in the C/N 20 group were significant higher (P < 0.05), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was considerably lower than that in the control. Overall, these findings suggest that BFT not only can enhance R. lagowski growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and strengthen antioxidant status but also upgrade immune response, improve the ability of resistance to ammonia stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No. 2008 Xincheng Street, China
| | - Xue-Qin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No. 2008 Xincheng Street, China; College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Lu-Juan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No. 2008 Xincheng Street, China; College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Dai
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Li-Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, No. 2008 Xincheng Street, China; College of Animal Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
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Abstract
Single-cell ingredients (SCI) are a relatively broad class of materials that encompasses bacterial, fungal (yeast), microalgal-derived products or the combination of all three microbial groups into microbial bioflocs and aggregates. In this review we focus on those dried and processed single-cell organisms used as potential ingredients for aqua-feeds where the microorganisms are considered non-viable and are used primarily to provide protein, lipids or specific nutritional components. Among the SCI, there is a generalised dichotomy in terms of their use as either single-cell protein (SCP) resources or single-cell oil (SCO) resources, with SCO products being those oleaginous products containing 200 g/kg or more of lipids, whereas those products considered as SCP resources tend to contain more than 300 g/kg of protein (on a dry basis). Both SCP and SCO are now widely being used as protein/amino acid sources, omega-3 sources and sources of bioactive molecules in the diets of several species, with the current range of both these ingredient groups being considerable and growing. However, the different array of products becoming available in the market, how they are produced and processed has also resulted in different nutritional qualities in those products. In assessing this variation among the products and the application of the various types of SCI, we have taken the approach of evaluating their use against a set of standardised evaluation criteria based around key nutritional response parameters and how these criteria have been applied against salmonids, shrimp, tilapia and marine fish species.
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Panigrahi A, Das RR, Sivakumar MR, Saravanan A, Saranya C, Sudheer NS, Kumaraguru Vasagam KP, Mahalakshmi P, Kannappan S, Gopikrishna G. Bio-augmentation of heterotrophic bacteria in biofloc system improves growth, survival, and immunity of Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:477-487. [PMID: 31945485 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Effect of bio-augmentation of Bacillus spp in biofloc on growth, survival and immunity in Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus was evaluated. Nine Bacillus strains were isolated and screened individually as well as in the form of a consortia. To maintain a C:N ratio of 12:1 a blend of carbohydrate sources was used. Bio-augmentation with bacterial consortium and Virgibacillus sp. produced improved growth and immunity. Shrimp survival ranged from 80 to 95% among treatments. Production was higher (35%) in the biofloc tanks with an average body weight (ABW) of 10.89 ± 1.2 g. On evaluating the immune responses, it was found that trypsin significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced Prophenoloxidase (PO) activity in Lysinibacillus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis bio-augmented groups. Laminarin induced PO activity was observed in groups supplemented with Oceanobacillus sp., Bacillus sp.and Bacillus megaterium. The lysozyme (LZ) activity was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in B. cereus and Microbial Consortia (MC), while other treatments were less effective. Total hemocyte count (THC) significantly (P < 0.05) increased in all treatment groups compared to the control. Hyaline hemocyte (HH) count was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the control group (14.43%). Semi granular hemocytes (SGH) was higher in groups treated with Lysinibacillus, Bacillus sp., B. licheniformis and B. subtilis. The granular hemocyte (GH) count was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Virgibacillus sp., B. cereus, B.megaterium and Oceanobacillus sp. The biofloc alone (BF), treated and augmented with B. megaterium significantly (P < 0.05) increased phagocytic activity. Highly significant phagocytic index (PI) was observed in bio-augmented groups, BF and MC. The relative expression levels of immune genes were found to be significantly up-regulated in shrimps grown in bio-augmented groups. Enhanced immunological parameters implies that bio-augmentation of biofloc with Bacillus spp. improved immunity in shrimps. Hence, bio-augmentation of probiotics in biofloc may be useful in improving culture conditions to produce P. indicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panigrahi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India.
| | - R R Das
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - M R Sivakumar
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - A Saravanan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - C Saranya
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - N S Sudheer
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - K P Kumaraguru Vasagam
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - P Mahalakshmi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - S Kannappan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
| | - G Gopikrishna
- ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, R. A. Puram, Chennai, 600 028, India
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Yu Z, Zheng YG, Du HL, Li HJ, Wu LF. Bioflocs protects copper-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in Rhynchocypris lagowski Dybowski through inhibiting NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:466-476. [PMID: 32001350 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element in the metabolic process of humans and animals, but it can cause toxicity at high concentrations of exposure. Bioflocs has been proved to have antioxidant, immune-enhancing and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, the purpose of this study was to evaluate potential mechanisms and protective effects of bioflocs and Cu exposure on inflammatory response, oxidative stress and immune-related genes and protein expression in Rhynchocypris lagowski Dybowski. 360 healthy R. lagowski were irregularly distributed among 12 tanks (3 tanks per group, 30 fish per tank). The experiment was divided into two parts: the feeding experiment was carried out in the first eight weeks, followed by acute copper exposure for 96 h. Then we selected the stressed fish for experimental analysis. The results provided evidences that bioflocs protected the R. lagowski by inhibiting the accumulation of copper, the activity of immune enzymes and the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway related genes and proteins, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of Nrf2 signaling pathway related genes. Overall, these findings suggest that bioflocs could regulate the activation of Nrf2 and protect acute copper exposure induced inflammatory response by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in R. lagowski.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Ya-Guang Zheng
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Hong-Lin Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Hong-Jin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Li-Fang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
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Holt CC, van der Giezen M, Daniels CL, Stentiford GD, Bass D. Spatial and temporal axes impact ecology of the gut microbiome in juvenile European lobster (Homarus gammarus). THE ISME JOURNAL 2020; 14:531-543. [PMID: 31676854 PMCID: PMC6976562 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Microbial communities within the gut can markedly impact host health and fitness. To what extent environmental influences affect the differential distribution of these microbial populations may therefore significantly impact the successful farming of the host. Using a sea-based container culture (SBCC) system for the on-growing of European lobster (Homarus gammarus), we tracked the bacterial gut microbiota over a 1-year period. We compared these communities with lobsters of the same cohort, retained in a land-based culture (LBC) system to assess the effects of the culture environment on gut bacterial assemblage and describe the phylogenetic structure of the microbiota to compare deterministic and stochastic assembly across both environments. Bacterial gut communities from SBCCs were generally more phylogenetically clustered, and therefore deterministically assembled, compared to those reared in land-based systems. Lobsters in SBCCs displayed significantly more species-rich and species-diverse gut microbiota compared to those retained in LBC. A reduction in the bacterial diversity of the gut was also associated with higher infection prevalence of the enteric viral pathogen Homarus gammarus nudivirus (HgNV). SBCCs may therefore benefit the overall health of the host by promoting the assembly of a more diverse gut bacterial community and reducing the susceptibility to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey C Holt
- International Centre of Excellence for Aquatic Animal Health, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK.
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK.
- The National Lobster Hatchery, South Quay, Padstow, UK.
- The Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK.
| | - Mark van der Giezen
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK
- The Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK
- Centre for Organelle Research, University of Stavanger, 4021, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Grant D Stentiford
- International Centre of Excellence for Aquatic Animal Health, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK
- The Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK
| | - David Bass
- International Centre of Excellence for Aquatic Animal Health, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset, DT4 8UB, UK.
- The Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture Futures, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK.
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, Kensington, London, UK.
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Doing More with Less: A Comparison of 16S Hypervariable Regions in Search of Defining the Shrimp Microbiota. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8010134. [PMID: 31963525 PMCID: PMC7022540 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The shrimp has become the most valuable traded marine product in the world, and its microbiota plays an essential role in its development and overall health status. Massive high-throughput sequencing techniques using several hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene are broadly applied in shrimp microbiota studies. However, it is essential to consider that the use of different hypervariable regions can influence the obtained data and the interpretation of the results. The present study compares the shrimp microbiota structure and composition obtained by three types of amplicons: one spanning both the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions (V3V4), one for the V3 region only (V3), and one for the V4 region only (V4) using the same experimental and bioinformatics protocols. Twenty-four samples from hepatopancreas and intestine were sequenced and evaluated using the GreenGenes and silva reference databases for clustering and taxonomic classification. In general, the V3V4 regions resulted in higher richness and diversity, followed by V3 and V4. All three regions establish an apparent clustering effect that discriminates between the two analyzed organs and describe a higher richness for the intestine and a higher diversity for the hepatopancreas samples. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phyla overall, and Cyanobacteria was more common in the intestine, whereas Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were more prevalent in hepatopancreas samples. Also, the genus Vibrio was significantly abundant in the intestine, as well as Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas in the hepatopancreas suggesting these taxa as markers for their respective organs independently of the sequenced region. The use of a single hypervariable region such as V3 may be a low-cost alternative that enables an adequate description of the shrimp microbiota, allowing for the development of strategies to continually monitor the microbial communities and detect changes that could indicate susceptibility to pathogens under real aquaculture conditions while the use of the full V3V4 regions can contribute to a more in-depth characterization of the microbial composition.
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Du Y, Fang H, Shao X, Liu M, Jiang K, Wang M, Wang B, Wang L. Exploration of the influence of surface proteins on the probiotic activity of Lactobacillus pentosus HC-2 in the Litopenaeus vannamei midgut via label-free quantitative proteomic analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:368-382. [PMID: 31678533 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work showed that using Lactobacillus pentosus HC-2 as a probiotic could improve the growth performance, immune response, gut bacterial diversity and disease resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei. However, the probiotic mechanism had not been fully characterized. In the present study, histology and proteomic analysis were performed to explore the influence of HC-2 surface protein on its probiotic effects on L. vannamei after feeding either the intact surface proteins, the probiotic treated with lithium chloride (LiCl) to remove noncovalently bound surface proteins or no probiotic for four weeks. Histological observation found that feeding with normal HC-2 obviously improved the intestinal histology and enhanced the protective effect against pathogen damage, but feeding with LiCl-treated HC-2 did not improve the intestinal environment. A total of over 2764 peptides and 1118 uniproteins were identified from the L. vannamei midgut; 211 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in the normal HC-2 group compared with the control group; 510 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in the LiCl-treated HC-2 group compared with the control group, and 458 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in the LiCl-treated HC-2 group compared with the normal HC-2 group. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis of the significantly different proteins demonstrated that feeding normal HC-2 mainly induced immune response, metabolic, cell adhesion and cell-cell signaling-related protein upregulation, which contributed to bacterial adhesion and colonization in the midgut to improve the shrimp immune system and growth, but these proteins were suppressed after the shrimp were fed bacteria deprived of surface proteins. Taken together, these results indicate that the surface proteins were indispensable for HC-2 to execute probiotic effects in the shrimp midgut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Han Fang
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuqing Shao
- Shandong Cigna Detection Technology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Mei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Keyong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Baojie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; CAS Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266400, China.
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Bacillus subtilis, an ideal probiotic bacterium to shrimp and fish aquaculture that increase feed digestibility, prevent microbial diseases, and avoid water pollution. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:427-435. [PMID: 31773195 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01757-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Beneficial microorganisms maintain the ecosystems, plants, animals and humans working in healthy conditions. In nature, around 95% of all microorganisms produce beneficial effects by increasing nutrients digestion and assimilation, preventing pathogens development and by improving environmental parameters. However, increase in human population and indiscriminate uses of antibiotics have been exerting a great pressure on agriculture, livestock, aquaculture, and also to the environment. This pressure has induced the decomposition of environmental parameters and the development of pathogenic strains resistant to most antibiotics. Therefore, all antibiotics have been restricted by corresponding authorities; hence, new and healthy alternatives to prevent or eliminate these pathogens need to be identified. Thus, probiotic bacteria utilization in aquaculture systems has emerged as a solution to prevent pathogens development, to enhance nutrients assimilation and to improve environmental parameters. In this sense, B. subtilis is an ideal multifunctional probiotic bacterium, with the capacity to solve these problems and also to increase aquaculture profitability.
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Effect of Carbon to Nitrogen Ratio on Water Quality and Community Structure Evolution in Suspended Growth Bioreactors through Biofloc Technology. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11081640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Application of biofloc technology could effectively treat wastewater. However, the effect of influent carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) on water quality and microbial community structure evolution in suspended growth bioreactors (SGBRs) through biofloc technology is still unclear. Here, we show that the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and nitrite nitrogen in the effluent of the C/N 10 treatment was significantly higher than that in the C/N 15, C/N 20 and C/N 25 treatments (p < 0.05). Higher TAN removal efficiency was obtained in treatments of C/N 15, C/N 20 and C/N 25, and there was no accumulation of nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Increasing the C/N ratio strengthened the elimination ability of total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The concentrations of TAN and COD first dropped to the lowest level and then increased slightly within one cycle in all treatments. The accumulation of biomass in the reactors increased with the increasing C/N ratio, indicating that a higher C/N ratio was conducive to microbial proliferation. The 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the microbial community diversity in SGBRs was significantly higher than that in the natural wastewater (P0). The predominant phylum were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia, but Saccharibacteria occupied a dominant position in the late period of the experiment. Pathogens, such as Aeromonas, Acidovorax, Flavobacterium, and Malikia were significantly decreased after high C/N ratio simulative wastewater treating natural wastewater in the reactors. In summary, the water quality and biomass concentrations in SGBRs can be improved under the conditions of influent C/N ratio, equal to or greater than 15.
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The Role of Pseudomonas in Heterotrophic Nitrification: A Case Study on Shrimp Ponds ( Litopenaeus vannamei) in Soc Trang Province. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7060155. [PMID: 31146455 PMCID: PMC6616971 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7060155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on a total of 6,295,650 sequences from the V3 and V4 regions (16S ribosomal RNA), the composition of the microorganism communities in the water of three Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Whiteleg shrimp; Soc Trang, Vietnam) ponds were identified. Pseudomonas (10–20.29%), Methylophilus (13.26–24.28%), and Flavobacterium (2.6–19.29%) were the most abundant genera. The total ammonia (TAN) concentration (p = 0.025) and temperature (p = 0.015) were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of Pseudomonas in two bacterial communities (ST1, ST4), whereas the predictive functions of microorganism communities based on 16S rRNA gene data was estimated using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUST), which showed that nitrogen metabolism was significantly negatively correlated (p = 0.049) with TAN concentration. The abundance of Pseudomonas and nitrogen metabolism increased with a decrease in TAN concentration. The correlation between TAN concentration and the abundance of Pseudomonas was followed by the isolation, and heterotrophic nitrifying performance analysis was used to confirm our findings. Six Pseudomonas strains capable of heterotrophic nitrification were isolated from the three water samples and showed a complete reduction of 100 mg/L NH4Cl during a 96-h cultivation. These results indicate the potential of applying Pseudomonas in shrimp ponds for water treatment.
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Jiang B, Sun J, Lv A, Hu X, Shi H, Sung Y, Wang Q, Wang Y. Impact of DNA extraction methods on the observed microbial communities from the intestinal flora of the penaeid shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5487890. [PMID: 31074797 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two DNA extraction methods, the Zirmil-beating cell disruption method (ZBC) and the QIAamp fast DNA stool mini kit (QIA), were used to extract DNA from the intestinal flora of the penaeid shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, and their microbial communities were analyzed using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Results were obtained in terms of the number of reads, alpha diversity indexes, beta diversity indexes and taxonomic composition. The alpha diversity indexes of the community, according to the ZBC method, were higher than those according to the QIA method. Furthermore, results from the three samples using the ZBC method were less consistent than those where the QIA method was used. Further, using the latter method led to substantive clustering. It is suggested that the QIA method is more stable and repeatable than the ZBC method. Although the two extraction methods shared the major abundant microflora based on 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing, bias associated with diversity analysis indexes and certain species was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyun Jiang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jingfeng Sun
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Aijun Lv
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiucai Hu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hongyue Shi
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - YeongYik Sung
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
| | - Qingkui Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
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