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Karaçar Y, Çaynak S, Boyacıoğlu NE, Meriç M, Öz F. Factors Predicting Mental Health Literacy in Older Adults: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38709101 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20240424-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine mental health literacy (MHL) levels of older adults and the predictive factors of MHL. METHOD This cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2022, with 410 older adults aged ≥65 years. A Personal Information Form and the Mental Health Literacy Scale were used for data collection. Independent samples t test, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Significant predictors of MHL in older adults were being aged 65 to 69 years, being female, being a university graduate, having an income more than expenses, receiving information from a health professional, interest in mental health, having friends or family members with mental illness, and good perception of health. CONCLUSION Older adults were found to have low levels of MHL. Mental health professionals should focus on community-based education and interventions to increase the MHL levels of older adults. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].
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Chen TJ, Dong B, Dong Y, Li J, Ma Y, Liu D, Zhang Y, Xing Y, Zheng Y, Luo X, Tao F, Ding Y, Hu P, Zou Z, Pan B, Tang P, Luo D, Liu Y, Li L, Li GN, Tian X, Huang X, Song Y, Ma J, Sawyer SM. Matching actions to needs: shifting policy responses to the changing health needs of Chinese children and adolescents. Lancet 2024; 403:1808-1820. [PMID: 38643776 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
China is home to the second largest population of children and adolescents in the world. Yet demographic shifts mean that the government must manage the challenge of fewer children with the needs of an ageing population, while considering the delicate tension between economic growth and environmental sustainability. We mapped the health problems and risks of contemporary school-aged children and adolescents in China against current national health policies. We involved multidisciplinary experts, including young people, with the aim of identifying actionable strategies and specific recommendations to promote child and adolescent health and wellbeing. Notwithstanding major improvements in their health over the past few decades, contemporary Chinese children and adolescents face distinct social challenges, including high academic pressures and youth unemployment, and new health concerns including obesity, mental health issues, and sexually transmitted infections. Inequality by gender, geography, and ethnicity remains a feature of health risks and outcomes. We identified a mismatch between current health determinants, risks and outcomes, and government policies. To promote the health of children and adolescents in China, we recommend a set of strategies that target government-led initiatives across the health, education, and community sectors, which aim to build supportive and responsive families, safe communities, and engaging and respectful learning environments. TRANSLATION: For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Jiao Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongshan Liu
- National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- China National Health Development Research Center, Beijing, China; Health Commission of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Education Economics and Management, Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peijin Hu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Zou
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bailin Pan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Tang
- Chongqing Municipal Health Care Center for Primary and Secondary Schools, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongmei Luo
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Luo Li
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Geffrey Nan Li
- Child Health and Development, UNICEF China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Tian
- Child Health and Development, UNICEF China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Child Health and Development, UNICEF China, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Susan M Sawyer
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Shih GY, Fan SC, Lin CH, Hung CH. The Text-Picture Integration Scale for Perspectives on Mental Illness: Development and Validation. Am J Occup Ther 2024; 78:7803205190. [PMID: 38625144 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2024.050531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Understanding the root cause of mental illness stigma is necessary to adopt effective management strategies. OBJECTIVE To establish a stable and effective text-picture integration rating scale to predict public perspectives on mental illness and to examine its reliability and validity. DESIGN Descriptive cross-sectional study using internet survey data. SETTING Online. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred volunteers. RESULTS The 10-item the Text-Picture Integration Scale for Perspectives on Mental Illness was developed. The authors conducted data analysis using SPSS to evaluate the reliability and criterion-related validity of the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS). The Text-Picture Integration Scale's item-level content validity index ranged from 0.83 to 1.00, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.97. The scale demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach's α = .80). The mean value of individual items ranged from 3.18 to 4.48, and the mean total score was 39.44 (SD = 8.47). The Text-Picture Integration Scale exhibited satisfactory criterion-related validity with the MHLS (r = .76, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Preliminary analyses support that the Text-Picture Integration Scale is a stable and effective rating scale to determine public perspectives on mental illness and is appropriate for evaluating destigmatization efforts. Plain-Language Summary: The study findings support the use of the Text-Picture Integration Scale as a stable and effective rating scale to determine public perspectives on mental illness. The scale is also appropriate for evaluating ways to address the stigmas that people associate with mental illness, which pose challenges for people in recovery. Occupational therapists can leverage their understanding of public perspectives on mental illness when choosing interventions to support the overall well-being of their clients with mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yu Shih
- Guan-Yu Shih, BS, is Occupational Therapy Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Science and Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Fan
- Shih-Chen Fan, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Science and Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, and Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hui Lin
- Chung-Hui Lin, MS, is Lecturer, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Science and Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, and Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Hung
- Chia-Hui Hung, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Science and Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, and Occupational Therapy Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan Taichung City, Taiwan;
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Chen L, Chang L, Lin H, Tu J, Chen X, Han Y. Depressive disorder benefits of cities: Evidence from the China. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:420-427. [PMID: 38244785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid urbanization is a major trend in global population migration. There is growing debate about whether this urban-rural disparity exacerbate depression at the individual level. This study aims to investigate how urban living has a beneficial impact on individual mental health. METHODS Based on the data of 15,764 participants in the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we perform analysis of variance to identify the gap in depression levels between urban and rural areas. Extensive comparisons and detailed statistical analyses are carried out to demonstrate the differences in social participation between urban and rural residents. Finally, we conduct a series of mediation and moderation analyses to reveal the underlying mechanisms of depressive disorder benefits of cities. RESULTS The results indicate that those who lived in urban areas were less likely to suffer from depression (β = -1.461, 95 % CI = [-1.691, -1.235], p < 0.001). Social engagement is found to mediate the relationship between residence type (β = 0.164, 95 % CI = [0.136, 0.193], p < 0.001) and individual depression (β = -0.462, 95 % CI = [-0.587, -0.337], p < 0.001). City size plays a moderating role in the association between urban living and social engagement. LIMITATIONS The mechanism is conducted through cross-sectional data. Self-reported depression status is accessed in this study, which could lead to measurement error. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the beneficial effects of urban living on individual depression, and reveals the mechanism by which urbanization at different scales affects the prevalence of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Le Chang
- Department of Acoustics, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Han Lin
- School of Engineering Audit, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Public Project Audit, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing 211815, China.
| | - Juan Tu
- Department of Acoustics, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Xu Chen
- Public Health Information Institute, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yilong Han
- School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Wong ELY, Yau JHY, Sze LCY, Kanagawa HS, Leung DKY, Liu T, Wong GHY, Lum TYS. A core competency framework for mental health peer supporters of older adults in a Chinese community: cross-culturally informed Delphi study. BJPsych Bull 2024; 48:92-99. [PMID: 37309186 PMCID: PMC10985733 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2023.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND METHOD Non-Western literature on the core competencies of mental health peer supporters remains limited. Therefore, we used a three-round Delphi study with peer supporters, service users (i.e. someone using peer support services) and mental health professionals to develop a core competency framework for peer supporters in the Chinese context. RESULTS The final framework included 35 core competencies, the conceptual origins of which were local (14.3%), Western (20%) and both local and Western (65.7%). They were grouped into five categories in ascending peer supporter role specificity: (1) self-care and self-development, (2) general work ethics, (3) work with others, (4) work with service users and (5) peer support knowledge. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS A culturally valid mental health peer support competency framework can minimise role confusion and refine training and practice guidelines. In a Chinese context, peer supporters were valued as generic support companions, whereas functions highlighted in the West, such as role modelling, were perceived as less critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Lok Yan Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jessie Ho-Yin Yau
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lesley Cai Yin Sze
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hotinpo Sky Kanagawa
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dara Kiu Yi Leung
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tianyin Liu
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gloria Hoi Yan Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Terry Yat Sang Lum
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Sau Po Centre on Ageing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Hu L, Shi Y, Wylie-Rosett J, Sevick MA, Xu X, Lieu R, Wang C, Li H, Bao H, Jiang Y, Zhu Z, Yeh MC, Islam N. Feasibility of a family-oriented mHealth intervention for Chinese Americans with type 2 diabetes: A pilot randomized control trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299799. [PMID: 38466714 PMCID: PMC10927140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of a mHealth intervention tailored for Chinese immigrant families with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with baseline, 3-, and 6-month measurements. Participating dyads, T2D patients and families/friends from NYC, were randomized into the intervention group (n = 11) or the wait-list control group (n = 12). Intervention includes 24 videos covering T2D self-management, behavioral techniques, and family-oriented sessions. Feasibility and acceptability were measured respectively by the retention rate and video watch rate, and a satisfaction survey. Patients' HbA1c, weight, and self-management were also assessed to test potential efficacy. RESULTS Most T2D patients (n = 23; mean age 56.2±9.4 years; 52.2% male) and families/friends (n = 23, mean age 54.6±11.2 years; 52.2% female) had high school education or less (69.6% and 69.6%), annual household income < $25,000 (65.2% and 52.2%), and limited English proficiency (95.7% and 95.7%). The retention rates were not significantly different between the intervention and the control groups for both the patients (90.91% vs 83.3%, p = 0.589); and their families/friends (3-month: 90.9% vs 75%, p = 0.313; 6-month: 90.9% vs 83.3%, p = 0.589). The mean video watch rate was 76.8% (7%). T2D patients and families/friends rated satisfaction as 9.4 and 10 out of 10, respectively. Despite no between-group differences, the intervention group had significantly lower HbA1c (p = 0.014) and better self-management (p = 0.009), and lost 12 lbs. on average at 6 months (p = 0.079), compared to their baseline levels. CONCLUSIONS A culturally-tailored, family-based mHealth intervention is feasible and acceptable among low-income, limited English-proficient Chinese families with T2D in NYC. Significant changes in HbA1c and self-management within the intervention group indicate this intervention may have potential efficacy. Given the small sample size of this study, a future RCT with adequate power is needed to test efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hu
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Yun Shi
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Mary Ann Sevick
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ricki Lieu
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Chan Wang
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Han Bao
- Jacobi Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Yulin Jiang
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ziqiang Zhu
- Wellsure Medical Practice, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ming-Chin Yeh
- School of Urban Public Health, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Nadia Islam
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
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Adu P, Jurcik T, Demah E, Korang PT, Grigoryev D. Mental health literacy for social phobia in Ghana: Investigation of gender stereotypes and previous experience for recognition rates and prejudice. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:271-281. [PMID: 37968913 PMCID: PMC10913351 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231206055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy (MHL) research has been of substantial interest internationally. Nevertheless, the interplay between beliefs, attitudes, previous experience with mental disorders, and knowledge of Ghanaians on specific mental disorders remains to be understood. The present study explored the interconnectedness between gender stereotypes, prejudice, previous experience with social phobia, and MHL among the general population in Ghana. METHOD Six hundred and one Ghanaians were recruited for an online experimental study design using a survey approach for data gathering. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions (i.e., male and female vignettes) depicting symptoms of social phobia for a hypothetical person. Participants further completed self-reported measures including gender stereotypes (based on Ambivalent Sexism Inventory) and prejudice. RESULTS Results revealed a 15.5% recognition rate for social phobia. Recognition rates of social phobia did not differ by the experimental condition or by the gender of participants. However, personal experience of social phobia was positively related to an increased likelihood of correctly labeling social phobia among men in the female vignette condition, whereas correct recognition of social phobia was negatively related to prejudice among women in the male vignette condition. In the male vignette condition, men with more hostile sexism attitudes toward men exhibited more prejudice toward their hypothetical male counterpart. In contrast, women with hostile sexism attitudes toward men exhibited less prejudice, but greater benevolent sexism attitudes toward men was associated with more prejudice toward the hypothetical male in the vignette. CONCLUSION Findings from the current study emphasize the role of the cultural milieu in shaping effective mental health interventions. The results also have implications for promoting MHL to reduce prejudice in Ghana and other developing countries in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Adu
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Yang J, Li Y, Gao R, Chen H, Yang Z. Relationship between mental health literacy and professional psychological help-seeking attitudes in China: a chain mediation model. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:956. [PMID: 38129805 PMCID: PMC10734200 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy is considered an important factor in promoting professional psychological help-seeking attitudes. However, it is important to clarify the emotional and behavioral factors that underlie this association. Drawing from the ABC model of attitudes and the Health Disclosure Decision-Making Model, this study aimed to examine the mediating role of psychological help-seeking stigma and distress disclosure in the relationship between mental health literacy and professional psychological help-seeking attitudes. METHODS We collected data from 827 participants in seven regions of China (597 female; Mage = 26.019, SD = 5.592 years old) using self-report measures, including the Mental Health Literacy Scale, Questionnaire of Stigma for Seeking Professional Psychological Help, Distress Disclosure Index, and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help-Short Form. A chain mediation model was built to examine the relationships among mental health literacy, psychological help-seeking stigma, distress disclosure, and professional psychological help-seeking attitudes. RESULTS The results of the analyses showed a positive association between mental health literacy and professional psychological help-seeking attitudes, with psychological help-seeking stigma and distress disclosure playing mediating roles in this relationship. Furthermore, even after controlling for participants' age, gender, and education, the chain mediation effect of psychological help-seeking stigma and distress disclosure on the relationship between mental health literacy and professional psychological help-seeking attitudes was observed among the Chinese population. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the significance of mental health literacy in shaping professional psychological help-seeking attitudes, while emphasizing the need to account for psychological help-seeking stigma and distress disclosure when examining this association. Additionally, the model proposed in this study provides a valuable framework for promoting the utilization of professional mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yunjia Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Center for Strategic Studies, Qiyuan Laboratory, Building 1st, Yard 58th, Yinhua Road, Zhongguancun Environmental Protection Science and Technology Park, Haidian District, Beijing, 100095, P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
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He Y, Wu C, LeMoult J, Huang J, Zhao Y, Liang K, Chen S, Wang E, Huang L, Chi X. Exploring symptom-level associations between anxiety and depression across developmental stages of adolescence: a network analysis approach. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:941. [PMID: 38093232 PMCID: PMC10720222 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression often co-occur during adolescence, but the associations between symptoms of these two disorders in this developmental period are not yet fully understood. Network analysis provides a valuable approach to uncover meaningful associations among symptoms and offers insights for prevention and intervention strategies. This study aimed to investigate symptom-level associations between anxiety and depression using network analysis and to identify core symptoms, bridge symptoms, and differences in network structure across different stages of adolescence. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2022 in Shenzhen, China. Participants completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale, along with demographic questionnaires assessing age and gender. Chinese adolescents aged 10 to 17 who were in Grades 5 or 6 of elementary school, Grades 1 or 2 of middle school, or Grades 1 or 2 of high school, and who could comprehensively understand and read Chinese were recruited as participants. Students in Grade 3 of middle and high schools were excluded due to their upcoming high school or college entrance examinations. Based on age, participants were categorized into early, middle, and late developmental stages of adolescence. RESULTS "Loss of control" was among the most central symptoms in the comorbidity network throughout all three developmental stages; "excessive worry" and "anhedonia" emerged as the core symptoms in early adolescence, and "restlessness" as the core symptom in late adolescence. "Anhedonia," "sad mood," and "fatigue" were identified as bridge symptoms between anxiety and depression across all three developmental stages of adolescence. The global strength of the network in middle adolescence was significantly higher compared to the other two stages. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the core and bridge symptoms that require special attention and intervention at each stage of adolescence. Moreover, significantly higher network connectivity in middle adolescence suggests this is a critical period for intervention to prevent the development of comorbid mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan He
- School of psychology, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengrui Wu
- Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Applied Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joelle LeMoult
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jiasheng Huang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of psychology, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaixin Liang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shiyun Chen
- Department of Applied Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Enna Wang
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liuyue Huang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xinli Chi
- School of psychology, Shenzhen University, No. 3688, Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China.
- The Shenzhen Humanities & Social Sciences Key Research Bases of the Center for Mental Health, Shenzhen, China.
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10
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Li S, Ji Y, Yang Q, Ying J, Haohao Z. Analysis of mental health literacy level and its influencing factors in low-income population of Wuxi, China. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 90:103825. [PMID: 37922814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Li
- Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Yingying Ji
- Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Queping Yang
- Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
| | - Jiang Ying
- Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China.
| | - Zhu Haohao
- Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Central Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China.
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11
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Santonja Ayuso L, Ruiz-Hontangas A, Cervantes JJG, Martínez CM, Pons EG, Pons SC, Pejó LA, Carmona-Simarro JV. The Promotion of Mental Health and Prevention of First-Episode Psychosis: A Pilot and Feasibility Non-Randomised Clinical Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7087. [PMID: 37998318 PMCID: PMC10671828 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20227087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental-health-related stigma prevents active help seeking and therefore early therapeutic approaches and the recovery of functionality. National and international agencies recommend the implementation of prevention and mental health promotion programs that support the elimination of stigma in the classroom, since most mental health problems usually start in the adolescent stage. In view of the evidence that teachers present stigmatizing attitudes towards mental health, it has been considered as convenient to carry out an anti-stigma program with the main objective of evaluating the impact of an intervention based on the education and promotion of mental health, aimed at teachers and counsellors of a secondary school. The specific objectives were to get to know which were the most stigmatising attitudes that prevailed in the sample before and after the intervention; to evaluate the knowledge of the teaching staff and counsellors on psychosis before the intervention; to analyse correlations between clinically relevant variables; and assess whether this programme was beneficial and feasible for alphabetising counsellors/teachers of educational centres on stigma and FEP. METHODS This was a non-randomised clinical trial in which a nursing intervention was performed. TOOLS a psychosis test (pre), Stigma Attribution Questionnaire (AQ-27) (pre-post), and satisfaction survey (post) were used. The inferential analysis included the Wilcoxon and the Pearson Correlation Test. RESULTS In the sample (n = 22), the predominant stigmatising attitude was "Help". The p-values obtained in the Wilcoxon Test were statistically significant, except for "Responsibility" and "Pity". The following constructs of interest were faced: "Fear"-"Age" and "Professional experience"; and "Help"-"Psychosis test". CONCLUSIONS Despite the scores obtained in "Responsibility" and "Pity", the intervention was useful for reducing stigma in the sample. Implications for the profession: There are adolescents who have suffered stigma from their teachers, and consequently have minimized their symptoms and not asked for help. For this reason, we implemented a nursing intervention based on the education and promotion of mental health, with the aim of expanding knowledge and reducing stigma. In fact, this intervention, which we carried out on high school teachers, managed to reduce the majority of stigmatizing attitudes measured on the stigma attribution scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Santonja Ayuso
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Jaume I, 12006 Castellón, Spain; (L.S.A.)
| | - Antonio Ruiz-Hontangas
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva Gil Pons
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sonia Ciscar Pons
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Andreu Pejó
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Jaume I, 12006 Castellón, Spain; (L.S.A.)
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12
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Shen L, Zhang X, Chen J, Yang Y, Hu R. Exploring the experience of undergraduate nursing students following placement at psychiatric units in China: A phenomenological study. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 72:103748. [PMID: 37625361 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore undergraduate nursing students' experiences of psychiatric placements. BACKGROUND Placement is an important learning phase for undergraduate nursing students and the placement experiences may affect their career choices. However, nursing students' experiences of psychiatric placements have not been fully explored in China. DESIGN This study adopted a descriptive, phenomenological design. METHODS After psychiatric placement, a semi-structured interview was conducted in June 2022 among 22 final-year undergraduate nursing students using purposive sampling. The data were analysed using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method. RESULTS Five themes were identified: i) destigmatising mental illness; ⅱ) beneficial communication; ⅲ) gaining confidence; iv) disappointment and sadness; and v) fear and discomfort. CONCLUSION Nursing students experienced various positive experiences and negative emotions during their psychiatric placement. Further research should explore and validate appropriate educational strategies to optimise students' placement experiences to increase their career interest in psychiatric nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shen
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, No.1 of Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, No.1 of Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, No.1 of Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yidan Yang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, No.1 of Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Rong Hu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, No.1 of Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China.
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13
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Wang A, Jia S, Shi Z, Sun X, Zhu Y, Shen M, Tang D, Chen X. Mental health literacy of Chinese nurses from public general and psychiatric hospitals: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1148380. [PMID: 37588025 PMCID: PMC10427189 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1148380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health literacy (MHL) is crucial to address issues related to mental illness. Nurses' MHL is even more important because they are expected to deal with both the physical and psychological consequences of mental disorders. Objective This study investigated the level, discrepancy, and characteristics of MHL among Chinese nurses from both public general and psychiatric hospitals; identified influential factors; and explored the relationship between MHL and mental health status. Methods Using a stratified cluster sampling method to select participants, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to describe the MHL of 777 nurses from 13 general and 12 psychiatric hospitals using the Chinese version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2, and a demographic questionnaire. A multiple regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing MHL among the nurses recruited. Results The participants' total score on the Chinese version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale was 93.25 (SD = 10.52). Multiple regression analysis revealed that nurses who worked in psychiatric or higher-level hospitals, with higher professional titles or higher education had higher levels of overall MHL and core MHL, while those working in general hospitals, with shorter work duration, or who were unmarried had higher social acceptance of patients. Nurses' MHL was closely correlated with their mental health status. Conclusion The overall and core MHL of Chinese nurses were at a moderate level, with social acceptance remaining at a relatively low level. There is an urgent need for MHL promotion programs to improve the MHL of clinical nurses. The focus must be given to overall MHL, especially core MHL, for non-psychiatric nurses to enhance their competence in mental health promotion and identification; more emphasis should be placed on the social acceptance of patients with mental illnesses for psychiatric nurses to improve their provision of professional services. Better MHL would be a formula for improving nurses' own mental health and their mental health service competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Wang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shoumei Jia
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Yuan Zhu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaoli Shen
- Changning District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dayu Tang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xizhu Chen
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Li L, Lu S, Xie C, Li Y. Stigmatizing attitudes toward mental disorders among non-mental health nurses in general hospitals of China: a national survey. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1180034. [PMID: 37599894 PMCID: PMC10433212 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1180034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Negative attitudes of nurses toward mental disorders have been reported in various countries. Nurses' stigmatizing attitudes can harm patients with mental disorders (PWMD), thereby delaying the provision of help to patients and leading to decreased quality of care. In this study, we aimed to assess Chinese nurses' stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with mental illness and provide a basis for future development and testing of appropriate and culturally adapted interventions to reduce it. Objective This study aimed to assess the attitudes of Non-mental Health Nurses (NMHNs) in general hospitals in China toward the stigma of PWMD and determine the factors influencing them. Methods A cross-sectional survey of NMHNs in general hospitals were conducted. A self-designed WeChat-based questionnaire was used that included demographic information about the need for training on mental health issues. Participants were provided with a vignette of a depression case with suicidal thoughts. The Depression Stigma Scale (DSS) and Social Distance Scale (SDS) were used to assess attitudes toward mental disorders. Nine questions on the adequacy of knowledge about anxiety and depression and the current status of scale use were used to assess the current status of training needs for mental disorders. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression were used for the table. Results A total of 8,254 nurses in non-mental health professions participated in this study. The mean DSS score of NMHNs was (17.24 ± 6.700), and the SDS score was (10.34 ± 3.154). The total detection rate of stigma among the survey respondents was 13.40% (1,107/8254). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age between 30 and 39 years [p = 0.001, OR = 1.427 (1.154-1.764)], 4 years of work experience and above [p = 0.018, OR = 1.377 (1.056-1.796)], having a bachelor's degree [p < 0.001, OR = 0.742 (0.647-0.851)], adequate psychological knowledge [p < 0.001, OR = 1.567 (1.364-1.799)], full knowledge of communication with patients with anxiety and depression [p < 0.001, OR = 1.848 (1.389-2.459)], and the need to acquire skills to identify anxiety and depression were the influencing factors associated with stigma [p < 0.001, OR = 0.343 (0.236-0.499)]. Conclusion Stigmatizing attitudes toward PWMD exist among NMHNs in general hospitals in China. Thus, more mental health education programs for NMHNs are needed. Factors associated with higher morbidity stigma can be used to develop appropriate interventions to improve NMHNs' stigmatizing attitudes and provide better quality care to PWMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shurong Lu
- Centre for Mental Health | Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chunyan Xie
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Le Jeannic A, Turmaine K, Gandré C, Vinet MA, Michel M, Chevreul K. Defining the Characteristics of an e-Health Tool for Suicide Primary Prevention in the General Population: The StopBlues Case in France. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6096. [PMID: 37372683 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
With over one million deaths per year in the world, suicide is a major public health problem that could be significantly reduced by effective prevention programs. E-health tools are of particular interest for primary prevention as they can address a broad population including people unaware of their own risk and provide information and help without the fear of stigma. Our main objective was to define the overall characteristics of an e-health tool for suicide primary prevention in the French general population by defining the characteristics of the IT features; the content of the information delivered; the best way to structure it; and how it should be relayed and by whom. The research was carried out through a literature review and a co-construction phase with stakeholders. Four types of strategies may guide the construction of e-health tools for suicide primary prevention: education and awareness, (self-)screening, accessing support, and mental health coping. They should be accessible on different devices to reach the most users, and language and content should be adapted to the target population and to the issue being addressed. Finally, the tool should be consistent with ethical and quality best practices. The e-health tool StopBlues was developed following those recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Le Jeannic
- ECEVE, UMR 1123, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, 75010 Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé (URC Eco), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France
| | | | - Coralie Gandré
- ECEVE, UMR 1123, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Amélie Vinet
- ECEVE, UMR 1123, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, 75010 Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé (URC Eco), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Morgane Michel
- ECEVE, UMR 1123, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, 75010 Paris, France
- Unité D'épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Karine Chevreul
- ECEVE, UMR 1123, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, 75010 Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé (URC Eco), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 1 Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75004 Paris, France
- Unité D'épidémiologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, 75019 Paris, France
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16
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Chen M, Lin GR, Wang GY, Yang L, Lyu N, Qian C, Lan JX, Zhou Y, Zhong BL. Stigma toward mental disorders and associated factors among community mental health workers in Wuhan, China. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2023; 15:e12542. [PMID: 37517868 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigma toward mental disorders (STMD) is a significant barrier to mental health service delivery. To improve the provision of mental health services for community-dwelling residents in China, this study investigated STMD and its associated factors in community mental health workers (CMHWs) in Wuhan, China. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 3869 CMHWs (22.9% men and 37.1 ± 8.4 years old) were randomly selected through multistage sampling and invited to participate in this survey. The perceived devaluation-discrimination scale (PDD) and the National Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (NMHLQ) were used to assess STMD and mental health knowledge, respectively. The presence of STMD was indicated by a mean item score of 3.0 or higher on the PDD. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with STMD. RESULTS Of the CMHWs, 41.9% had poor mental health knowledge (NMHLQ score < 80), and 18.5% exhibited STMD. In multiple regression analysis, factors significantly associated with STMD were social workers (vs. primary care physicians, OR = 1.44, p < .001), poor self-rated capacity to handle common mental health problems (vs. good, OR = 1.57, p < .001), and poor mental health knowledge (vs. NMHLQ score ≥ 80, OR = 1.46, p < .001). CONCLUSION STMD is common among Chinese CMHWs. To reduce STMD among CMHWs, training programs in mental health care skills and mental health education may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Rong Lin
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Ward 1, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Ward 1, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Gui-Yang Wang
- Wuhan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Na Lyu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Xi Lan
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Bao-Liang Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
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17
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Sabour S, Zhang W, Xiao X, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Wen J, Zhao J, Huang M. A chatbot for mental health support: exploring the impact of Emohaa on reducing mental distress in China. Front Digit Health 2023; 5:1133987. [PMID: 37214342 PMCID: PMC10193040 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1133987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The growing demand for mental health support has highlighted the importance of conversational agents as human supporters worldwide and in China. These agents could increase availability and reduce the relative costs of mental health support. The provided support can be divided into two main types: cognitive and emotional. Existing work on this topic mainly focuses on constructing agents that adopt Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) principles. Such agents operate based on pre-defined templates and exercises to provide cognitive support. However, research on emotional support using such agents is limited. In addition, most of the constructed agents operate in English, highlighting the importance of conducting such studies in China. To this end, we introduce Emohaa, a conversational agent that provides cognitive support through CBT-Bot exercises and guided conversations. It also emotionally supports users through ES-Bot, enabling them to vent their emotional problems. In this study, we analyze the effectiveness of Emohaa in reducing symptoms of mental distress. Methods and Results Following the RCT design, the current study randomly assigned participants into three groups: Emohaa (CBT-Bot), Emohaa (Full), and control. With both Intention-To-Treat (N=247) and PerProtocol (N=134) analyses, the results demonstrated that compared to the control group, participants who used two types of Emohaa experienced considerably more significant improvements in symptoms of mental distress, including depression (F[2,244]=6.26, p=0.002), negative affect (F[2,244]=6.09, p=0.003), and insomnia (F[2,244]=3.69, p=0.026). Discussion Based on the obtained results and participants' satisfaction with the platform, we concluded that Emohaa is a practical and effective tool for reducing mental distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahand Sabour
- The CoAI Group, DCST, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, State Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyao Xiao
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Lingxin Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Lingxin Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yinhe Zheng
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Lingxin Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Wen
- The CoAI Group, DCST, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, State Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jialu Zhao
- Center for Counseling and Psychological Development Guidance Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Minlie Huang
- The CoAI Group, DCST, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, State Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Lingxin Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
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18
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Lee JE, Goh ML, Yeo SF. Mental health awareness of secondary schools students: Mediating roles of knowledge on mental health, knowledge on professional help, and attitude towards mental health. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14512. [PMID: 36950622 PMCID: PMC10025912 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The mental health situation among adolescents in Malaysia has reached a worrying state with the rising number of cases. Despite a significant increase in the literature on mental health, there is a lack of studies that focused on mental health awareness. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting Malaysian youth's mental health awareness as well as the mediating roles of knowledge on mental health, knowledge on professional help, and attitude towards mental health. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 450 secondary school students aged 15-19 years old in Kuala Lumpur and Melaka who were recruited via purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SmartPLS to obtain the descriptive analysis, measurement model, and structural model. Results The results indicated that mental health awareness was influenced by knowledge on mental health and attitude towards mental health. The findings also revealed that familiarity and media exposure were important determinants of knowledge on mental health, knowledge on professional help, and attitude towards mental health. Moreover, the results indicated that knowledge on mental health positively mediated the relationship between media exposure and mental health awareness. Besides, attitude towards mental health also found to play mediating roles between familiarity and mental health awareness, as well as between media exposure and mental health awareness. Conclusion This study contributed important knowledge to the limited literature in this contemporary domain. An effective public mental health campaign is needed to reduce the burden of disease and the cost of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia En Lee
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysiax
| | - Mei Ling Goh
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysiax
- Corresponding author.
| | - Sook Fern Yeo
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysiax
- Department of Business Administration, Daffodil International University,Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Deng J, Zhou F, Hou W, Heybati K, Lohit S, Abbas U, Silver Z, Wong CY, Chang O, Huang E, Zuo QK, Moskalyk M, Ramaraju HB, Heybati S. Prevalence of mental health symptoms in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2023; 1520:53-73. [PMID: 36537131 PMCID: PMC9880764 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its accompanying infection control measures introduced sudden and significant disruptions to the lives of children and adolescents around the world. Given the potential for negative impacts on the mental health of youths as a result of these changes, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep disturbances in children and adolescents during the pandemic. We searched major literature databases for relevant cross-sectional or longitudinal studies that included primary and secondary school students or children and adolescents ≤18 years of age. Prevalence values were extracted, logit-transformed, and pooled. Based on 191 included studies with 1,389,447 children and adolescents, we found the pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep disturbances to be 31%, 31%, and 42%, respectively. Age, grade levels, education levels, gender, geographical regions, and electronics use were correlated with the prevalence of mental health symptoms. The prevalence of mental health symptoms also increased with time, although signs of recovery and stabilization were also observed. Overall, the results from this review demonstrate the need for increased mental health research, monitoring, and intervention for children and adolescents during the current and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Deng
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fangwen Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wenteng Hou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiyan Heybati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic (Rochester), Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Simran Lohit
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Umaima Abbas
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry (Windsor Campus), University of Western Ontario, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zachary Silver
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chi Yi Wong
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine (Waterloo Regional Campus), McMaster University, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Oswin Chang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Physician Assistant Education Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Huang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qi Kang Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.,Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Myron Moskalyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harikrishnaa Ba Ramaraju
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Shayan Heybati
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Yan Y, Tu Y. The impact of China's urban and rural economic revitalization on the utilization of mental health inpatient services. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1043666. [PMID: 36711421 PMCID: PMC9877533 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1043666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rural locations have a lower preference for mental healthcare than urban areas. Medical and pharmacy expenses incurred as a result of serious mental illness are covered by public health insurance, according to the People's Republic of China's Mental Health Law. This study aimed to acknowledge the disparities in the use of mental health services provided by the government health schemes among the rural and urban populations of China and to assess the real reimbursement rates for health insurance coverage. It also sheds light on China's ongoing healthcare reforms for mental health treatments. Materials and methods A retrospective cohort study of patients was conducted that were hospitalized with mental illnesses to assess rural-urban disparities in the utilization of mental health services and the role of health insurance. We used electronic health data from the major psychiatric institutes for 15 years (2005-2020) to assess the influence of health insurance systems on Chinese public preferences for mental health treatments. These psychiatric hospitals serve almost 10% of all mental health patients every year in Shandong and accept patients from all over the country. In addition, health insurance policy regulations in Shandong Province are consistent with national health insurance policy regulations. Models 1 and 2 assess disparities in the utilization of mental health treatments. Our study population was identified using patients' primary diagnosis, as recorded in the two hospitals' EHRs, which routinely record information on patients' sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics of the disease, cost of the treatment, and type of the health insurance plan. The record of EHR data is considered efficient because they document all inpatient expenses incurred during hospitalization in a detailed, itemized, and reliable way. Results Urban patients had longer hospital stays (p = 0.0001), more hospitalizations (p = 0.006), and greater hospitalization expenses (p = 0.001) than rural patients. Patients who had insurance had a longer hospital stay (p = 0.0001), more hospitalizations (p = 0.0001), and greater hospitalization costs (p = 0.0001) than those who did not have insurance. Urban residents used mental health services more than rural residents. People preferred mental healthcare when the reimbursement ratio variable was larger, especially in rural areas. Conclusion Rural people of China experience mental health services are an economic burden. Uniform measures are required to be taken for the development of health insurance policies for people in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yan
- School of Law, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Yu Yan
| | - Yongqian Tu
- National Academy of Development and Strategies, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China,Yongqian Tu
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21
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Wang Y, An S, Yang X, Zhang Z, Li S, Yao J, Chen Y, Deng H. Disease information disclosure among patients with mental illness and their family members in China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 13:1036568. [PMID: 36683996 PMCID: PMC9846142 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1036568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The disclosure of mental illness is a first and crucial step in alleviating stigma and promoting mental recovery. However, at present, there is a lack of research on this subject in the Chinese context. Therefore, we conducted this survey among patients with mental illness and their family members and analyzed the influencing factors. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to qualified patients with mental illness and their family members, who were enrolled from the inpatient departments of two major mental health centers in China. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors affecting the disclosure of disease information by patients with mental illness and their family members. Results A total of 153 patients and 159 family members were included. The percentages of patients and family members who intended to disclose disease information were 34.6 and 18.2%, respectively. Regarding the benefits of being out (BBO), marital status and the number of hospitalizations explained 13.1% of the variance, and stigma explained 4.3% of the variance. Regarding the reasons for staying in (RSI), marital status and family history of mental illness explained 14.4% of the variance, and stigma explained 14.8% of the variance. In the model predicting the influencing factors of family member disclosure, stigma was a predictor of both BBO and RSI, explaining 8.1 and 8.7% of the variance, respectively. Conclusion Both patients and their families were more reluctant than willing to disclose. Marital status, number of hospitalizations and family history of mental illness were all influencing factors of patients' intentions to disclose disease information. Stigma is closely related to disclosure intention and plays an important role in the disclosure intentions of patients and their families. This suggests that the disclosure of disease information is complex, and many factors need to be considered. Disclosure guidelines should be tailored to individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sleep Medicine Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, China
| | - Siyao An
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Yang
- School of Public Affairs, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuoqiu Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuiying Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Sleep Medicine Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Hope Recovery and Rehabilitation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Chengdu, China
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22
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Xu H, Koszycki D. Application of interpersonal psychotherapy for late-life depression in China: A case report. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1167982. [PMID: 37124250 PMCID: PMC10133570 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1167982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is an effective treatment for late-life depression, but little is known about its acceptability and efficacy in Chinese patients. This case report describes the use of IPT in a depressed elderly Chinese man. Methods The patient was a 79-year-old widower who lives alone in a large city in China. This was his first contact with a mental health specialist. His wife died one ago, and his only child lives in the United States with her husband and children. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, his daughter could not visit him, and his usual social interactions decreased, leaving him feeling isolated, lonely, and depressed. He was diagnosed with a major depressive episode and initially prescribed venlafaxine. However, he failed to show an adequate response to medication and the side effects were intolerable. He was switched to a low dose of Duloxetine (60 mg) combined with IPT. Results The patient's baseline score on the 17-item Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D) was 29, suggesting severe levels of depression. He received 12 sessions of IPT. Role transition was the focus of therapy. Although the patient expressed discomfort in therapy, he developed a good rapport with the therapist and was compliant with treatment. Clinical recovery was achieved at the end of acute IPT treatment (HAM-D score = 1). Conclusion Response to IPT was excellent in this elderly patient, but several points should be noted. First, mental health-related stigma in China can affect treatment engagement. Second, older Chinese are reluctant to speak openly about their personal experiences and feelings. Hence, repeated emphasis on the principles of confidentiality in psychotherapy and forming a strong therapeutic alliance are important. Third, the "empty-nest" household is an emergent phenomenon in China. Helping elderly Chinese navigate changes in traditional Chinese living arrangements and negotiate filial piety with offspring who have moved away are important issues to address in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Xu,
| | - Diana Koszycki
- Emeritus Professor, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Diana Koszycki,
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23
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Attitudes towards dementia among Chinese adults aged 50 years and older: a comparative study of immigrants living in Melbourne and nonimmigrants living in Beijing. Int Psychogeriatr 2023; 35:29-42. [PMID: 36189727 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610222000527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated attitudes towards dementia among Chinese immigrants aged 50 years and over living in Australia and compares these attitudes with those of individuals living in mainland China. It aimed to better understand what older Chinese adults think about dementia and to inform the development of tailored dementia-related services for this group of people. DESIGN A qualitative design involving individual interviews was employed in this study. PARTICIPANTS Forty-six participants were recruited: 21 in Melbourne and 25 in Beijing. All interviewees were born in mainland China, were community-dwelling, and did not have a dementia diagnosis. MEASUREMENTS The tripartite model of attitudes was used to guide the semi-structured interview design and report the results. Thematic qualitative analysis was employed. RESULTS In both groups, most participants held negative feelings, stigmatized views and negative stereotypes of dementia. However, most participants expressed a willingness to help individuals living with dementia. Regarding dementia care, nearly all participants preferred home care but thought formal care would become the mainstream form of care in the future. Fewer Melbourne participants expressed concerns regarding developing dementia, were interested in dementia, or perceived a need for dementia-related educational activities. Melbourne participants also reported more avoidant responses to dementia or individuals living with dementia. CONCLUSION This study carefully compares attitudes towards dementia between older Chinese immigrants in Melbourne and older Chinese adults in Beijing. Similarities and differences were observed between these two groups. Dementia-related service providers should consider the sociocultural changes and migration-related barriers experienced by Chinese immigrants.
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24
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Guntur A, Putri Rahmadanty I, Ulfa M. Mental Health Stigma Among Generation Z Students in Salafi Islamic Boarding Schools. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33086/jhs.v15i03.2886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Salafi Islamic boarding schools adhering to traditional religious learning can potentially create mental health issues. The mental health problems often experienced by Generation Z students in Islamic boarding schools potentially led to the emergence of stigma. This study aims to describe mental health stigma among Generation Z students in Salafi Islamic boarding schools. It used a quantitative design and a survey approach. The population was Generation Z students in Salafi Islamic boarding schools. Furthermore, there were 155 samples by stratified random sampling. This study was carried out in 3 boarding schools in Bantur District, Malang Regency, from January to February 2022. The variable was mental health stigma. The data were collected by distributing a questionnaire to Generation Z students at Salafi Islamic boarding schools in the Bantur District. The questionnaire used the Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale (PMHSS). The PMHSS consisted of 2 indicators: Stigma agreement (self-stigma) and stigma awareness (social stigma). Data analysis used median and percentile values because the data was not normally distributed. Normality test used Kolmogorov-Smirnov using SPSS Statistics 25. The results showed that social stigma had a median value of 40, self-stigma had 40, and overall mental health stigma had 80. In conclusion, Generation Z students in the Salafi Islamic boarding schools had a high mental health stigma. Therefore, efforts to reduce and prevent the Stigma in Salafi Islamic boarding schools through a technology-centered approach and cross-sectorial collaboration with Public Health Center or health workers are crucial.
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25
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Li XH, Deng SY, Zhang TM, Wang YZ, Wei DN, Wong IYL, Chan CLW, Ran MS. Affiliate stigma of mental illness in family caregivers of persons with mental illness in Hong Kong. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1698-1707. [PMID: 34791960 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211057723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affiliate stigma of family caregivers may severely influence family caregiving, early treatment, and recovery of people with mental illness (PMI), and it may be impacted by the knowledge of mental illness and contact with PMI. However, little is known about the correlation between affiliate stigma of family caregivers of PMI and contact in Hong Kong. AIMS This study aimed to investigate affiliate stigma and its influencing factors among family caregivers of PMI in Hong Kong. METHODS A total of 106 family caregivers in Hong Kong participated in the study. The measurements included affiliate stigma, contacts (quantity, quality, and level), knowledge, prejudice, and discriminatory behaviors. Multiple regression analyses were employed. RESULTS The mean score of affiliate stigma scale (ASS) in family caregivers was 2.17 (SD = 0.65). In regression analyses, the results showed that contact quantity and contact level were significantly associated with higher affiliate stigma and its cognitive domain, while contact quality (e.g. positive contact) were significantly associated with lower affiliate stigma and its all domains among family caregivers. The positive relationship between prejudicial attitudes and affiliate stigma was also found. CONCLUSIONS Affiliate stigma is severe among family caregivers of PMI in Hong Kong. The results of this study indicate that contact, especially positive contact, contributes to reducing affiliate stigma among family caregivers of PMI. The results of this study are important for development of health policy on reducing stigma in family caregivers of PMI. The effectiveness of Enhancing Contact Model (ECM) should be examined in future anti-stigma interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hong Li
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Shu-Yu Deng
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yi-Zhou Wang
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan-Nuo Wei
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Irene Yin Ling Wong
- School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Cecilia Lai-Wan Chan
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Mao-Sheng Ran
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, China
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26
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Ding KR, Wang SB, Xu WQ, Lin LH, Liao DD, Chen HB, Tan WY, Huang JH, Hou CL, Jia FJ. Low mental health literacy and its association with depression, anxiety and poor sleep quality in Chinese elderly. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2022; 14:e12520. [PMID: 36210054 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy (MHL) is rarely reported in the Chinese elderly. This study explored the pattern of MHL in the Chinese elderly in relation to depression, anxiety and poor sleep quality. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among older adults in Guangzhou, south China. Participants were investigated face-to-face using the Chinese National Mental Health Literacy Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item (PHQ-9), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Mental Health Literacy Scale contains three dimensions: mental health knowledge, mental health skills (such as social support, cognitive reappraisal and attentional distraction) and mental health awareness. Multivariate logistic regression was used for examining the association between MHL and mental health. RESULTS A total of 506 older adults were recruited. The percentage of depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality were 16.6%, 7.9% and 40.9%, respectively. MHL dimensions independently associated with depression included cognitive reappraisal (OR = 1.95, p < .001), attentional distraction (OR = 0.61, p = 0.044) and awareness (OR = 0.56, p = 0.027). MHL dimensions independently associated with anxiety symptoms included cognitive reappraisal (OR = 1.90, p = 0.011) and attentional distraction (OR = 0.44, p = 0.016). MHL dimensions independently associated with poor sleep quality included social support (OR = 0.75, p = 0.022), cognitive reappraisal (OR = 1.55, p = 0.003) and attentional distraction (OR = 0.65, p = 0.016). CONCLUSION Given the low MHL and its association with poor mental health in the Chinese elderly, policymakers and health professionals should improve the older adults' MHL, which could be conducive to the prevention and control of their mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Rong Ding
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Qi Xu
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Hua Lin
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Liao
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Bei Chen
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Yan Tan
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hao Huang
- Yuexiu District Center for Disease Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Lan Hou
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Jun Jia
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Dapari R, Bashaabidin MSM, Hassan MR, Dom NC, Rahim SSSA, Wan Mahiyuddin WR. Health Education Module Based on Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills (IMB) for Reducing Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Adolescents in Boarding Schools: A Clustered Randomised Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192215362. [PMID: 36430081 PMCID: PMC9692668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) among adolescents have become a public health concern. The aim of this study was to develop, implement, and measure an IMB-based health education intervention module for reducing DAS among adolescents in boarding schools in the state of Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. A single-blinded cluster randomised control trial (RCT) was conducted among students with abnormal DASS-21 scores. They were divided into an intervention group (three schools, 62 participants) and a control group (three schools, 57 participants). Participants in the intervention group received IMB-based health education, while participants in the control group underwent the standard care session. To determine the effectiveness of the intervention, the Generalised Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) analysis was conducted. A total of 119 students participated in this study, and no loss to follow-up was reported. Both intervention and control groups showed significantly reduced DAS scores (p < 0.005). However, the reduction of these scores was greater in the intervention group. The GLMM analysis revealed that the intervention was effective in reducing depression (ß = -2.400, t = -3.102, SE = 0.7735, p = 0.002, 95% CI = -3.921, -0.878), anxiety (ß = -2.129, t = -2.824, SE = 0.7541, p = 0.005, 95% CI = -3.612, -0.646), and stress (ß = -1.335, t = -2.457, SE = 0.536, p = 0.015, 95% CI = -2.045, -0.266) among adolescents. The IMB-based health education module was effective in reducing DAS among adolescents in boarding schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmat Dapari
- Department of Community Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
- Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nazri Che Dom
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia
| | - Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul Rahim
- Public Health Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Wan Rozita Wan Mahiyuddin
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
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28
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Liu X, Wang F, Yu C, Zhou M, Yu Y, Qi J, Yin P, Yu S, Zhou Y, Lin L, Liu Y, Wang Q, Zhong W, Huang S, Li Y, Liu L, Liu Y, Ma F, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Yu Q, Zeng J, Pan J, Zhou M, Kang W, Zhou JY, Yu H, Liu Y, Li S, Yu H, Wang C, Xia T, Xi J, Ren X, Xing X, Cheng Q, Fei F, Wang D, Zhang S, He Y, Wen H, Liu Y, Shi F, Wang Y, Sun P, Bai J, Wang X, Shen H, Ma Y, Yang D, Mubarik S, Cao J, Meng R, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Yan Y, Zhang W, Ke S, Zhang R, Wang D, Zhang T, Nomura S, Hay SI, Salomon JA, Haagsma JA, Murray CJ, Vos T. Eliciting national and subnational sets of disability weights in mainland China: Findings from the Chinese disability weight measurement study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2022; 26:100520. [PMID: 35910433 PMCID: PMC9335373 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The disability weight (DW) quantifies the severity of health states from disease sequela and is a pivotal parameter for disease burden calculation. We conducted a national and subnational DW measurement in China. METHODS In 2020-2021, we conducted a web-based survey to assess DWs for 206 health states in 31 Chinese provinces targeting health workers via professional networks. We fielded questions of paired comparison (PC) and population health equivalence (PHE). The PC data were analysed by probit regression analysis, and the regression results were anchored by results from the PHE responses on the DW scale between 0 (no loss of health) and 1 (health loss equivalent to death). FINDINGS We used PC responses from 468,541 respondents to estimate DWs of health states. Eight of 11 domains of health had significantly negative coefficients in the regression of the difference between Chinese and Global Burden of Disease (GBD) DWs, suggesting lower DW values for health states with mention of these domains in their lay description. We noted considerable heterogeneity within domains, however. After applying these Chinese DWs to the 2019 GBD estimates for China, total years lived with disability (YLDs) increased by 14·9% to 177 million despite lower estimates for musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, mental disorders, diabetes and chronic kidney disease. The lower estimates of YLDs for these conditions were more than offset by higher estimates of common, low-severity conditions. INTERPRETATION The differences between the GBD and Chinese DWs suggest that there might be some contextual factors influencing the valuation of health states. While the reduced estimates for mental disorders, alcohol use disorder, and dementia could hint at a culturally different valuation of these conditions in China, the much greater shifts in YLDs from low-severity conditions more likely reflects methodological difficulty to distinguish between health states that vary a little in absolute DW value but a lot in relative terms. FUNDING This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 82173626], the National Key Research and Development Program of China [grant numbers 2018YFC1315302], Wuhan Medical Research Program of Joint Fund of Hubei Health Committee [grant number WJ2019H304], and Ningxia Natural Science Foundation Project [grant number 2020AAC03436].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Yong Yu
- School of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jinlei Qi
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shicheng Yu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchang Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lin Lin
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yunning Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Zhong
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 78 Jintai Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City 350001, Fujian province, China
| | - Shaofen Huang
- Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 78 Jintai Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City 350001, Fujian province, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 79 Jixian Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110005, China
| | - Li Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 79 Jixian Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110005, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 450 first section of Middle Furong Road, Changsha City 410005, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 528 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yine Zhang
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 528 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 528 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan City 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Qiuli Yu
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 158 Dongsi Street, Xishan District, Kunming City 650022, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Middle School Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu City 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jingju Pan
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Zhuodaoquan North Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City 430079, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mengge Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Zhuodaoquan North Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City 430079, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weiwei Kang
- Inner Mongolia Integrative Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 50 Ordos Street, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Jin-Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Road No. 172, Gulou District, Nanjing city 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Road No. 172, Gulou District, Nanjing city 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 40 Youfang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin City 150030, China
| | - Shaofang Li
- Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 105 Nongye South Street, Zhengdong New District, Zhengzhou City 450016, China
| | - Huiting Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Street, Changning District, Shanghai City 200051, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Street, Changning District, Shanghai City 200051, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Street, Changning District, Shanghai City 200051, China
| | - Jinen Xi
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 230 Donggang West Street, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City 73000, China
| | - Xiaolan Ren
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 230 Donggang West Street, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City 73000, China
| | - Xiuya Xing
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 12560 Fanhua Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei City 230601, China
| | - Qianyao Cheng
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 12560 Fanhua Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Hefei City 230601, China
| | - Fangrong Fei
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City 310051, China
| | - Dezheng Wang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Huayue Street, Hedong District, Tianjin City 300011, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Huayue Street, Hedong District, Tianjin City 300011, China
| | - Yuling He
- Shanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Xiaonanguan Shuangta West Street, Yingze District, Taiyuan City 030012, China
| | - Haoyu Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Panglin Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jianjun Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xuyan Wang
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yudiyang Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Donghui Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinhong Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China
| | - Runtang Meng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Yaqiong Yan
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Sisi Ke
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Runhua Zhang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, China
| | - Dingyi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuhei Nomura
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Simon I. Hay
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Joshua A. Salomon
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Juanita A. Haagsma
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Theo Vos
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Okafor IP, Oyewale DV, Ohazurike C, Ogunyemi AO. Role of traditional beliefs in the knowledge and perceptions of mental health and illness amongst rural-dwelling women in western Nigeria. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med 2022; 14:e1-e8. [PMID: 36226933 PMCID: PMC9575354 DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, the public health importance of mental health has gained significant attention in recent years. In Africa, many traditional belief systems impact the perceptions, attitude and management of mental illness. Women are usually the primary caregivers of mentally ill persons, but they have lower mental health literacy. Aim To assess rural women’s knowledge, perceptions and attitudes regarding mental illnesses and the role of traditional beliefs in their management. Setting Epe Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with a total of 295 rural women recruited through a multistage sampling method. A pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Summary and inferential statistics were measured using Epi Info version 7. The level of significance was predetermined at 5%. Results A total of 253 questionnaires were adequately filled and analysed. Overall, just over one-third (35%) of respondents had good knowledge and only 26% had positive attitudes towards mental health and illness. About 45% reported that mental illness should first be treated in ‘the traditional way’, whilst 47% felt that there was no need for collaboration between orthodox and unorthodox healthcare for mental illness. Sociodemographic variables were significantly associated with knowledge (educational level p = 0.001) and attitude (marital status p = 0.001 and ethnicity p = 0.001). Conclusion Respondents had poor knowledge of and attitude towards mental health, and traditional beliefs played a role in their perception and management of mental illness. We recommend community-based health education programmes to improve knowledge and help-seeking for mental illness amongst rural women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma P Okafor
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Mushin.
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30
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Shu JL, Alleva JM, Stutterheim SE. Perspectives on mental health difficulties amongst
second‐generation
Chinese individuals in Germany: Stigma, acculturation, and
help seeking. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li Shu
- Department of Work and Social Psychology Maastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Jessica M. Alleva
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science Maastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
| | - Sarah E. Stutterheim
- Department of Health Promotion & Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands
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31
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Higher Risk of Anxiety and Depression in Women with Adenomyosis as Compared with Those with Uterine Leiomyoma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092638. [PMID: 35566763 PMCID: PMC9099604 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The main symptoms of adenomyosis may adversely affect physical and mental health and quality of life (QOL). However, studies are few on this topic. This study evaluated the effect of adenomyosis on anxiety, depression, and QOL. Participants with adenomyosis (n = 90) or leiomyoma (n = 59) completed questionnaires, including the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Short Form (SF)-36. HADS anxiety and depression positive rates, physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component summary scores, and eight subscale scores of SF-36 were compared between the two groups. Among patients with adenomyosis, the incidence of anxiety symptoms was 28.9% (control group, 10.2%; OR = 3.589, 95%CI: 1.375–9.367), with 10% of patients showing moderate-to-severe symptoms. The incidence of depressive symptoms was 14.4% (control group, 3.4%; OR = 4.812, 95%CI: 1.044–22.168). The case group had significantly lower PCS and MCS scores than the control group. In patients with adenomyosis, being employed (OR = 6.393, 95%CI: 1.153–35.440) and perianal pain (OR = 25.419, 95%CI: 2.504–258.024) were risk factors for anxiety, and perianal pain (OR = 15.208, 95%CI: 3.050–75.836) was a risk factor for depression. Compared with leiomyoma, adenomyosis is associated with a higher risk of anxiety and depression, with a poorer QOL.
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32
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Wang L, Yu Z, Chen W, Zhang J, Bettencourt AF. Higher exposure to childhood adversity associates with lower adult flourishing. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:612. [PMID: 35351105 PMCID: PMC8966170 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent and associated with negative health and social outcomes. However, our understanding of how patterns of ACEs exposure relate to positive outcomes in adulthood remains limited. This study aims to identify patterns of ACEs and examine associations with flourishing in a sample of Chinese young adults. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2020. Young adults, ages 18–35, enrolled in undergraduate or graduate programs at universities in Mainland China were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling to participate in a survey. The exposure to ACEs was measured by the twelve-item Chinese version of the ACE-International Questionnaire. Additional measures included six domains of flourishing assessed using the Chinese version of the Flourishing Measure, and demographic covariates (i.e., gender, age, year in university, marital status). Descriptive statistical analysis and latent class analysis (LCA) were performed using SPSS 27 and Mplus 8.5. Results Participants included 9468 young adults (mean age = 20.1 years). Majority of participants were female (75.3%), undergraduate students (96.4%), and single (79.8%). Approximately 56% of participants reported at least one ACE; 7.0% reported four or more ACEs. Emotional neglect (33.2%), household violence (20.6%), and parental separation/divorce (13.9%) were the most frequently reported ACEs. LCA identified three ACEs classes: multiple maltreatment and household violence (4.7%), emotional neglect and household violence (16.2%), and low ACEs (79.1%). Individuals in the low ACEs class had the highest level of flourishing whereas individuals in multiple maltreatment and household violence had the lowest level of flourishing in all six domains. There were no significant differences in flourishing between the multiple maltreatment and household violence and the emotional neglect and household violence classes except in the physical and mental health (means = 6.17 vs 6.51, p = 0.02) and the financial and material stability domains (means = 5.25 vs 5.66, p = 0.04). Conclusions Patterns of multiple ACEs exposures were associated with lower levels of flourishing. Our findings have implications for efforts to prevent ACEs exposure through monitoring and promoting family well-being and routine screening to identify those with ACEs exposure to prevent negative social and health sequelae. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13063-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Wenyi Chen
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Juan Zhang
- Departments of Nursing, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, International Peace Maternity and Children Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Amie F Bettencourt
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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Wang A, Jia S, Shi Z, Sun X, Zhu Y, Shen M. Validation and Psychometric Testing of the Chinese Version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale Among Nurses. Front Psychol 2022; 12:791883. [PMID: 35153915 PMCID: PMC8826253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.791883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) is the most widely used and strong theory-based measurement tool to gain an understanding of mental health knowledge and ability. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS-C) and to document the norm and its influential factors of mental health literacy among nurses. The MHLS was translated following Brislin's translation model and tested with a sample of 872 clinical registered nurses. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professionals (JSE-HP), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) were administered to assess convergent validity. The minimum average partial test, parallel analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported 4 first-order 2 second-order structure. The 4 factors were named "knowledge of mental disorder," "ability to seek information and help," "recognition of mental disorder," and "acceptance of patients with mental illness," with factor 1-3 were summarized into MHLS-Core (Core literacy subscale) and factor 4 as MHLS-SA (Social acceptance subscale). The MHLS-C was moderately negatively correlated with the PHQ-2 and GAD-2 (-0.111, -0.081) and highly positively correlated with JSE-HP (0.492). The Cronbach's α was 0.85 for the overall scale and 0.89 and 0.93 for two subscales. The test-retest reliability was good, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of 0.80 for the whole scale, and 0.79 and 0.94 for two subscales. As an approximately normal distribution, the 50 th percentile for the MHLS-C was 99, with 50 th percentiles of 74 and 20 for MHLS-Core and MHLS-SA. Higher position, higher professional credentials, higher hospital hierarchy, other specialist hospital, psychiatric hospital and unmarried status were positive predictors. The 29-item MHLS-C, with two subscales of MHLS-Core and MHLE-SA, is a stable and validated tool to measure mental health literacy. MHLS-Core could be used independently to measure the core content of mental health literacy. It may be applicable for Chinese health professionals, but need further validation among the general public. MHL curriculum and a targeted culturally appropriate program for acceptance for health professionals, especially for those in general hospitals and with less working tenure, may be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Wang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shoumei Jia
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xiaomin Sun
- Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaoli Shen
- Changning District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
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Kimata A, Kumagai K, Kondo N, Adachi K, Fujita R, Tsuchiya M. Development and validation of the Cancer Knowledge Scale for the general population: An item response theory approach. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2022; 105:151-157. [PMID: 34020840 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a new measure of cancer knowledge for members of the general population who have never been diagnosed with cancer. METHODS Initially, 20 items were generated to measure cancer knowledge. After expert refinement and cognitive interviews, 11 items remained and were completed by 1,076 adults with no history of cancer. Responses were assessed using an item response theory (IRT) approach and differential item functioning. RESULTS Items were analyzed using a two-parameter logistic IRT model. Two items with tetrachoric correlation coefficients>0.8 and one item with a discrimination parameter>2.0 were excluded. The final eight items demonstrated a good range of discrimination (1.13 to 1.86) and difficulty (-1.11 to 0.85). No meaningful differential item functioning by participant attributes was detected for these eight items. CONCLUSION The Cancer Knowledge Scale appears to be a reliable and valid measure for the general population. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The eight-item scale could be used to assess the effects of psychoeducational programs, including those on cancer knowledge, for members of the general population with no cancer history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Kimata
- Division of Cancer Survivorship Research, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Kaori Kumagai
- School of Nursing and Social Service, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nami Kondo
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Adachi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Risako Fujita
- Division of Cancer Survivorship Research, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Miyako Tsuchiya
- Division of Cancer Survivorship Research, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Japan.
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35
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Yao H, Wang P, Tang YL, Liu Y, Liu T, Liu H, Chen Y, Jiang F, Zhu J. Burnout and job satisfaction of psychiatrists in China: a nationwide survey. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:593. [PMID: 34819029 PMCID: PMC8612106 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a significant shortage of psychiatrists in China, an ever-increasing number of psychiatrists in China are experiencing burnout and job dissatisfaction and considering leaving their jobs. Yet, to our knowledge, there have been no nationwide studies to date that examined both burnout and job dissatisfaction of psychiatrists in China. Therefore, this study evaluated burnout and job dissatisfaction of psychiatrists in China, and identified relevant characteristics. METHODS We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional survey in March 2019. Psychiatrists from all tertiary psychiatric hospitals in China were invited to participate. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey and the short version of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to measure burnout and job satisfaction. Data on socio-demographic and occupational characteristics were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify socio-demographic and occupational characteristics associated with burnout and job satisfaction. RESULTS In total, 4520 psychiatrists from tertiary psychiatric hospitals in China completed the questionnaire. Overall, 38.4% of respondents met the criteria for burnout and 35.6% were dissatisfied with their jobs. Being male, more years of practice, having no leadership role, and longer working hours per week were significantly associated with burnout and job dissatisfaction. Lower monthly pay was significantly associated with job dissatisfaction but not burnout. Moreover, burnout was significantly associated with job dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a high rate of burnout and job dissatisfaction among psychiatrists in China. In order to preserve and strengthen the mental health workforce, proactive measures are urgently needed to mitigate burnout and job dissatisfaction among psychiatrists in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Peicheng Wang
- grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China ,grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Yi-Lang Tang
- grid.414026.50000 0004 0419 4084Mental Health Service Line, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033 USA ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Addiction Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA
| | - Yuanli Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Tingfang Liu
- grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178Institute for Hospital Management of Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- grid.459419.4Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 238000 China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China ,grid.12527.330000 0001 0662 3178School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China
| | - Feng Jiang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiming Zhu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Schneider M, Jaks R, Nowak-Flück D, Nicca D, De Gani SM. Mental Health Literacy in Zurich: A First Measurement Attempt Using the General HLS-EU-Q47. Front Public Health 2021; 9:723900. [PMID: 34589463 PMCID: PMC8473678 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.723900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mental health literacy (MHL) promises to be an important factor for public health by enabling people to take responsibility for their own mental health. To date, there is no measurement tool that allows the assessment of a comprehensive understanding of MHL as part of health literacy (HL). Nonetheless, the widely used Health Literacy Survey European Questionnaire 47 (HLS-EU-Q47) includes items assessing at least some MHL-aspects in the context of HL. The present study aimed at investigating how these MHL-aspects are related to HL, health behavior and health outcome and how they differ between sociodemographic groups. Methods: Data from the Health Literacy Survey Zurich 2018, collected by an adapted version of the HLS-EU-Q47, served to investigate these relationships. Results: MHL-aspects were related to HL, health behavior and health outcome. Nearly half of all respondents (45%; N = 904) showed low MHL levels, particularly those with higher age and higher financial deprivation. Conclusions: Relations of MHL-aspects with HL, health behavior, and health outcome indicate their potential importance for future interventions in public health, addressing mental health and MHL. A specific MHL tool is needed to comprehensively investigate these relations, which could be developed by extending the present measurement approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schneider
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Health Literacy Division, Careum Foundation, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Jaks
- Health Literacy Division, Careum Foundation, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Dunja Nicca
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Cheung M, Leung P, Chen W, Gearing RE, Brewer KB, Chen X, Li X, He X. Public stigma on substance users in China. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1953163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monit Cheung
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Patrick Leung
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wanzhen Chen
- School of Social and Public Administration, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Robin E. Gearing
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kathryne B. Brewer
- Department of Social Work, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Social Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- School of Social and Public Administration, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuesong He
- School of Social and Public Administration, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
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Chen S, Chen K, Wang S, Wang W, Li Y. Initial Validation of a Chinese Version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale Among Chinese Teachers in Henan Province. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:661903. [PMID: 34177650 PMCID: PMC8219938 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.661903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Teachers' Mental health literacy (MHL) is one of the important factors that influence students' mental health literacy and even their mental health status. A valid, comprehensive measure is needed to adequately identify MHL levels in the Chinese teachers. Thus, this study aimed to validate a Chinese version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) among Chinese teachers. Methods: A total of 367 Chinese primary and secondary school teachers in Henan province were enrolled to complete the Chinese version of MHLS and several validation measures. Results: A parallel analysis supported a four-factor structure model of the Chinese version, but because of the low communalities and mean factor loadings, the univariate structure of the original scale was selected. Additionally, the criterion construct validity of the Chinese version was supported by significant correlations with self-efficacy in coping with mental health problems, mental health status, the stigma associated with receiving mental health treatment, and socially distancing from patients with mental illness. The Cronbach's α of the Chinese version was acceptable. Females, younger teachers, teachers with higher educational level, and full-time mental health teachers showed higher levels of MHL. Conclusion: The Chinese version of MHLS is a valid and reliable tool to assess the level of Chinese teachers' MHL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yongxin Li
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Behavior, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Lo LLH, Suen YN, Chan SKW, Sum MY, Charlton C, Hui CLM, Lee EHM, Chang WC, Chen EYH. Sociodemographic correlates of public stigma about mental illness: a population study on Hong Kong's Chinese population. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:274. [PMID: 34051783 PMCID: PMC8164229 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with psychiatric disorders are often unwilling to seek help or often follow treatment regimens, fearing public stigma. This study identified the sociodemographic correlates of public stigma while accounting for mental health literacy and life satisfaction. METHODS This study analysed data for 1514 individuals who participated in a population-based random telephone survey conducted in 2018. Sociodemographic characteristics included gender, age, education level, and occupation. Data on public stigma, mental health literacy, and life satisfaction were also collected. Multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the effects of sociodemographic characteristics on public stigma. A moderation analysis was performed to investigate the role of age and education in the relationship between mental health literacy and public stigma. RESULTS Sociodemographic characteristics, such as female gender, older age, lower education, and occupation (particularly retired and homemakers), were associated with a higher public stigma. The association between public stigma and mental health literacy was the most significant among individuals aged 50 years and above with lower education levels. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that certain population subgroups, based on their sociodemographic profile, have a higher stigma about mental illnesses. Understanding the differential effects of sociodemographic factors on public stigma is imperative to developing effective anti-stigma campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincoln Lik Hang Lo
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Yi Nam Suen
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Sherry Kit Wa Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Min Yi Sum
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Cheung Charlton
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Christy Lai Ming Hui
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Edwin Ho Ming Lee
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China ,grid.194645.b0000000121742757State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Eric Yu Hai Chen
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, 2/F New Clinical Building, Hong Kong, SAR China ,grid.194645.b0000000121742757State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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Association between Mental Health Knowledge Level and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese College Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041850. [PMID: 33672872 PMCID: PMC7918134 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between mental health knowledge level and the prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in six universities in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, and a total of 600 college students were recruited to self-complete a series of questionnaires. The Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ) was used to investigate the level of mental health knowledge. Depressive symptoms were investigated with the depression subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms among college students was 31.2%. Compared with MHKQ scoring in the 1st quartile, college students with MHKQ scoring in the 3rd quartile and in the 4th quartile reported lower levels of depressive symptoms after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Since mental health knowledge level was related to depressive symptoms among college students, increased efforts to promote the level of mental health knowledge in Chinese college students are critical.
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Rodríguez-Rivas ME, Cangas AJ, Fuentes-Olavarría D. Controlled Study of the Impact of a Virtual Program to Reduce Stigma Among University Students Toward People With Mental Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:632252. [PMID: 33633613 PMCID: PMC7900522 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.632252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Stigma toward mental disorders is one of today's most pressing global issues. The Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated the barriers to social inclusion faced by individuals with mental disorders. Concurrently, stigma reduction interventions, especially those aimed at university students, have been more difficult to implement given social distancing and campus closures. As a result, alternative delivery for programs contributing to stigma reduction is required, such as online implementation. This paper reports the results of a controlled study focused on an online multi-component program on reducing stigma toward mental illness that included project-based learning, clinical simulations with standardized patients and E-Contact with real patients. A total of 40 undergraduate students from the Universidad del Desarrollo in Santiago, Chile, participated in the study. They were randomly divided between an intervention and control group. The intervention group participated in the online multi-component program, while the control group participated in an online educational program on cardiovascular health. We assessed the impact of the program by using the validated Spanish-language versions of the Attribution Questionnaire AQ-27 and the Questionnaire on Student Attitudes toward Schizophrenia with both groups, before and after the intervention. In addition, an ad hoc Likert scale ranging from 0 to 5 was used with the intervention group in order to assess the learning strategies implemented. Following the intervention, the participants belonging to the intervention group displayed significantly lower levels of stereotypes, perception of dangerousness, and global score toward people with schizophrenia (p < 0.001). In addition, participants presented lower levels of dangerousness-fear, avoidance, coercion, lack of solidarity, and global score (p < 0.001). The control group displayed no statistically significant differences in the level of stigma before and after the evaluation, for all of the items assessed. Finally, the overall assessment of each of the components of the program was highly positive. In conclusion, the study shows that online programs can contribute to reducing stigma toward mental disorders. The program assessed in this study had a positive impact on all the dimensions of stigma and all of the components of the program itself were positively evaluated by the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adolfo J Cangas
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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