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Oe M, Nakai H, Nagayama Y. Factors Related to the Willingness of People with Mental Health Illnesses Living in Group Homes to Disclose Their Illness to Supporters during Disaster Evacuation: A Cross-Sectional Study. NURSING REPORTS 2024; 14:1014-1025. [PMID: 38804409 PMCID: PMC11130866 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep14020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe heavy rains caused by linear precipitation systems are occurring more frequently in Japan owing to climate change, and residents are being asked to evacuate more often. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the willingness of people with mental health illness (PMHI) in group homes to disclose their illness when being evacuated. Participants were PMHI living in group homes in Japan. We conducted an original anonymous self-administered questionnaire based on previous research. Valid data from 119 people were analyzed. Factors associated with the willingness to disclose illness to supporters upon evacuation were "I can imagine living in a public shelter" (Odds Ratio [OR] 4.50, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.78-11.43), and "I socialize with neighbors" (OR 5.63, 95% CI: 1.74-18.22). Managers of group homes should encourage PMHI to imagine life in an evacuation zone by increasing opportunities for disaster training and for interaction with local residents. People who are less likely to socialize with neighbors should be especially careful, as they may not be able to disclose their illness, and those who support evacuees should pay special attention to these people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Oe
- Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Uchinada, Kahoku 920-0265, Japan; (M.O.); (Y.N.)
| | - Hisao Nakai
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Kochi, 2751-1 Ike, Kochi 781-8515, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nagayama
- Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, 1-1 Uchinada, Kahoku 920-0265, Japan; (M.O.); (Y.N.)
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Zhu D, Lyu K. Anti-stigmatizing: a collaborative autoethnography on recovery from depression. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1360967. [PMID: 38690206 PMCID: PMC11059567 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1360967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite extensive research on clinical treatments for depression, there remains a significant gap in understanding of the lived experiences and recovery journeys of those with depression. This study sought to explore the recovery process through an "anti-stigmatizing" lens, emphasizing the cultural-psychological mechanisms at play and the importance of personal narratives in shaping the recovery trajectory. Methods Using a collaborative autoethnographic approach, this report focuses on the first author's journey of depression recovery. This research methodology allows for an in-depth exploration of subjective experiences, with a specific emphasis on the interaction between societal stigma, personal identity, and mental-health challenges. Results It is found that the depression-recovery experience can be divided into four stages from an anti-stigma perspective: (1) encountering the public stigma of emotions; (2) internalizing the stigma to a self-stigma; (3) "decriminalizing" the expected stigma of a "depressed" identity through diagnosis; and (4) being able to cope with and understanding the public stigma relating to depression when facing it again. Key factors that were found to contribute to recovery were self-awareness, community empowerment, and recognition and acceptance by close friends and family. Discussion We propose a reconceptualization of depression that incorporates a societal perspective on internalized stigma. Recovery from depression is not merely a medical process; it also pertains to how the patient frees themselves from public stigma. The results strongly indicate the need for a paradigm shift toward a more inclusive and empathetic approach to mental-health care, and we emphasize the importance of personal narratives in depression recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlei Zhu
- Institute of Vocational & Adult Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyi Lyu
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Chinese Education Modernization Research Institute of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Clauss JA, Foo CYS, Leonard CJ, Dokholyan KN, Cather C, Holt DJ. Screening for psychotic experiences and psychotic disorders in general psychiatric settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.14.24305796. [PMID: 38699350 PMCID: PMC11065042 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.14.24305796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Background The absence of systematic screening for psychosis within general psychiatric services contribute to substantial treatment delays and poor long-term outcomes. We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate rates of psychotic experiences, clinical high-risk for psychosis syndrome (CHR-P), and psychotic disorders identified by screening treatment-seeking individuals to inform implementation recommendations for routine psychosis screening in general psychiatric settings. Methods PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched to identify empirical studies that contained information on the point prevalence of psychotic experiences, CHR-P, or psychotic disorders identified by screening inpatient and outpatient samples aged 12-64 receiving general psychiatric care. Psychotic experiences were identified by meeting threshold scores on validated self-reported questionnaires, and psychotic disorders and CHR-P by gold-standard structured interview assessments. A meta-analysis of each outcome was conducted using the Restricted Maximum Likelihood Estimator method of estimating effect sizes in a random effects model. Results 41 independent samples (k=36 outpatient) involving n=25,751 patients (58% female, mean age: 24.1 years) were included. Among a general psychiatric population, prevalence of psychotic experiences was 44.3% (95% CI: 35.8-52.8%; 28 samples, n=21,957); CHR-P was 26.4% (95% CI: 20.0-32.7%; 28 samples, n=14,395); and psychotic disorders was 6.6% (95% CI: 3.3-9.8%; 32 samples, n=20,371). Conclusions High rates of psychotic spectrum illness in general psychiatric settings underscore need for secondary prevention with psychosis screening. These base rates can be used to plan training and resources required to conduct assessments for early detection, as well as build capacity in interventions for CHR-P and early psychosis in non-specialty mental health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A. Clauss
- Psychosis Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cheryl Y. S. Foo
- Psychosis Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Katherine N. Dokholyan
- Psychosis Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Corinne Cather
- Psychosis Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daphne J. Holt
- Psychosis Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Donovan RJ, Drane CF, Santini ZI, Jalleh G. Impact on help-seeking behaviours of a campaign perceived to decrease stigma and increase openness around mental health. Health Promot J Austr 2024. [PMID: 38586884 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED There is considerable evidence that public stigma around mental illness inhibits help-seeking for mental health problems. Hence there have been many interventions and campaigns designed to reduce stigma around mental illness. However, as far as could be ascertained, none of these stigma reduction interventions has reported any substantial impact of reducing stigma on people's mental health help-seeking behaviours. The aim of this paper is to report on the impact of the Act-Belong-Commit positive mental health promotion Campaign on help-seeking via increasing perceived openness around mental health and reducing perceived stigma around mental illness. METHODS State-wide computer assisted telephone interviews (CATIs) of the general adult population were undertaken in 2018 and 2019 (N = 600 adults per year). The questionnaire included measures of respondents' awareness of the Act-Belong-Commit Campaign, their beliefs about the Campaign's impact on mental illness stigma and openness around mental health issues, and whether they had sought help for or information about a mental health problem as a result of their exposure to the Campaign. RESULTS Those who believed the Act-Belong-Commit Campaign increased openness around mental health issues were significantly more likely than those not holding this belief to have sought information about mental health and to have sought help for a mental health problem as a result of their exposure to the Campaign. Those who believed the Act-Belong-Commit Campaign decreased stigma around mental illness versus those not holding this belief were significantly more likely to have sought information, and more likely, but not significantly so, to have sought help as a result of their exposure to the Campaign. Overall, the effect was slightly greater for increased openness. CONCLUSION As far as we are aware, these are the first reported findings of a positive impact on mental health help-seeking behaviours as a result of a population-wide mental health promotion Campaign being seen to have increased openness around mental health and decreased stigma around mental illness. SO WHAT?: These findings suggest that accompanying specific stigma reduction interventions with a broad-based, population-wide, positive mental health promotion Campaign such as the Act-Belong-Commit campaign, could amplify these interventions' impact on help-seeking by increasing openness about mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Donovan
- Act-Belong-Commit Founder, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Ziggi I Santini
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Geoffrey Jalleh
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
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Iida M, Sawada U, Usuda K, Hazumi M, Okazaki E, Ogura K, Kataoka M, Sasaki N, Ojio Y, Matsunaga A, Umemoto I, Makino M, Nakashita A, Kamikawa C, Kuroda N, Kuga H, Fujii C, Nishi D. Effects of the Mental Health Supporter Training Program on mental health-related public stigma among Japanese people: A pretest/posttest study. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2024; 3:e176. [PMID: 38868483 PMCID: PMC11114268 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Aim The Mental Health Supporter Training Program is a national project conducted in Japan. This study aimed to determine the effects on mental health-related stigma, mental health literacy, and knowledge about mental health difficulties and support techniques among program participants. Methods The target population was local residents of a wide range of generations in Japan. Outcomes were assessed at baseline (T1), immediately postintervention (T2), and at the 6-month follow-up (T3). A mixed model for repeated-measures conditional growth model analyses were employed to examine the effects of the intervention over time (T1, T2, T3). We also calculated effect sizes using Cohen's d. Results The program had a significantly favorable pooled effect on the Japanese version of the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale score after adjusting for covariates (reported behavior [t = 3.20, p = 0.001]; intended behavior [t = 8.04, p < 0.001]). However, when compared at each time point, only intended behavior from T1 to T2 showed a significant difference (t = 8.37, p < 0.001). Significant pooled effects were found for mental health literacy (knowledge: t = 19.85, p < 0.001; attitude: t = 15.02, p < 0.001), knowledge of mental health (t = 28.04, p < 0.001), and psychological distress (t = -2.41, p = 0.016). Conclusion The results suggest that the program might be effective for improving intended, but not reported, behavior in the short term and for improving mental health literacy, knowledge of mental health, and psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mako Iida
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Utako Sawada
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Kentaro Usuda
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Megumi Hazumi
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Emi Okazaki
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | | | - Mayumi Kataoka
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Natsu Sasaki
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yasutaka Ojio
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Asami Matsunaga
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)Bunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Ikue Umemoto
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Miyuki Makino
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Ayako Nakashita
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Chiaki Kamikawa
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Naoaki Kuroda
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Hironori Kuga
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | | | - Daisuke Nishi
- Department of Public Mental Health Research, National Institute of Mental HealthNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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Stricker J, Hasenburg L, Jakob L, Weigl T, Pietrowsky R. Public Stigma and Continuum Beliefs Across Personality Disorder Severity Levels. J Pers Disord 2024; 38:75-86. [PMID: 38324251 DOI: 10.1521/pedi.2024.38.1.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Stigmatizing attitudes toward persons with personality disorders are common. Preliminary evidence suggests that continuum beliefs (the view that presented symptoms lie on a continuum with normality) are associated with reduced personality disorder stigma. This study aimed to evaluate whether this association holds across the entire spectrum of personality disorder severity and whether greater personality disorder severity is linked to higher stigma. A general population sample (N = 848) completed questions about a vignette depicting mild, moderate, or severe personality disorder severity. Higher continuum beliefs were associated with a lower desire for social distance from persons with mild, moderate, or severe personality disorder. In addition, continuum beliefs were higher, and the desired social distance was lower toward a person with mild than a person with moderate or severe personality disorder. Thus, fostering continuum beliefs might aid in combating personality disorder stigma, including toward severely affected persons who experience strong stigmatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Stricker
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laureen Hasenburg
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Louisa Jakob
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Weigl
- Psychology School, Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Reinhard Pietrowsky
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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7
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Cooper J, Theivendrampillai S, Lee T(T, Marquez C, Lau MWK, Straus SE, Fahim C. Exploring perceptions and experiences of stigma in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study. BMC GLOBAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 1:26. [PMID: 38798820 PMCID: PMC11116254 DOI: 10.1186/s44263-023-00020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic fueled stigmatization and discrimination, particularly towards individuals of Chinese or East Asian ethnicity. We conducted interviews with members of the public in Canada in order to describe and understand stigma perceptions and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We used a phenomenological approach to describe stigma experiences of Canadian residents during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared the stigma perceptions and experiences of East Asian and non-East Asian individuals. Participants were invited to take part in a single, semi-structured interview. The interview guide was rooted in the Health Stigma and Discrimination Framework (HSDF). Interviews were conducted in English, Mandarin, and Cantonese. Following participant consent, interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were double coded and analyzed using qualitative content analysis guided by a framework approach. Results A total of 55 interviews were conducted between May and December 2020. Fifty-five percent of the sample identified as East Asian, 67.3% identified as women, and mean age was 52 years (range 20-76). Fear of infection, fear of social and economic ramifications, and blame for COVID-19 were reported drivers of stigma. Participants described preexisting perceptions on cultural norms and media influence as facilitators of stigma that propagated harmful stereotypes, particularly against Chinese and East Asian individuals. Participants observed or experienced stigmatization towards place of residence, race/ethnicity, culture, language, occupation, and age. Stigma manifestations present in the public and media had direct negative impacts on East Asian, particularly Chinese, participants, regardless of whether or not they personally experienced discrimination. Conclusions We used the HSDF as a rooting framework to describe perceptions and impact of stigma, particularly as they related to race/ethnicity-based stigmatization in Canada. Participants reported a number of drivers and facilitators of stigma that impacted perceptions and experiences. These findings should be used to develop sustained strategies to mitigate stigma during public health emergencies or other major crises. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s44263-023-00020-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Cooper
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Suvabna Theivendrampillai
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Taehoon (Tom) Lee
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Christine Marquez
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Michelle Wai Ki Lau
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Sharon E. Straus
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Christine Fahim
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, M5B 1T8 Canada
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Andary S, Bassani J, Burrell G, Cole E, Evans R, Redman E, Kumar S. Barriers and enablers to access and utilization of mental health care services across Southeast Asia: A preliminary scoping review. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2023; 15:e12549. [PMID: 37735090 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
While the importance of mental health and its impact on overall health and well-being has been widely recognized, there continue to be ongoing barriers to accessing mental health services. This is particularly poignant in countries in Southeast Asia (SEA) where there may be further stigma in accessing mental health services. As no reviews have been undertaken on this topic, this review aims to outline the barriers and enablers to access and utilization of mental health care services in SEA. Searches were undertaken in commercially produced and gray literature sources. Two independent reviewers screened the results. The data were then independently extracted, which was then collated and synthesized, using the Health Belief Model (HMB) as a framework. Twelve studies were included in the review. Under the HBM, barriers were grouped into: stigma, poor health literacy, internalized reasons, cultural beliefs, lack of training of health professionals, quality of service, and poor distribution of resources. Enablers included: social support, outreach services, structural stigma, self-awareness, resources and information, accessibility and affordability, and positive attitudes and beliefs about health professionals. Those accessing mental health care in SEA are confronted by complex barriers and few enablers. Ongoing stigma and a distinct lack of resources pose the greatest challenges, which are even more amplified for those in rural areas and minority groups. A multifaceted strategy that improves the structures, processes, and outcomes of mental health is required within these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sleiman Andary
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jason Bassani
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gus Burrell
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eliza Cole
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rhiannon Evans
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emily Redman
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Saravana Kumar
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Blignault I, Saab H, Youssef H, Baddah H, Giourgas K, Woodland L. "It Is Definitely a Good Program for Everyone from Every Community": A Qualitative Study of Community Partner Perspectives on the Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Mindfulness Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6608. [PMID: 37623191 PMCID: PMC10454450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20166608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Meeting the health needs of migrant and refugee communities is crucial to successful settlement and integration. These communities are often under-served by mental health services. Previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of a group mindfulness-based intervention tailored for Arabic and Bangla speakers living in Sydney, Australia. This study aimed to explore community partner perspectives on the program's impact, contributing factors and sustainability, and to elicit suggestions for future development. Data were collected via semi-structured telephone interviews with a purposively selected sample of 16 informants. Thematic analysis was conducted using the Rigorous and Accelerated Data Reduction (RADaR) technique. Community partners welcomed the emphasis on promoting wellbeing and reported that the community-based in-language intervention, in both face-to-face and online formats, overcame many of the barriers to timely mental health care for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities, with a beneficial impact on group participants, program providers, partner organisations and the broader community. Positive outcomes led to stronger community engagement and demand for more programs. For group mental health programs, both trust and safety are necessary. Relationships must be nurtured, diversity within CALD communities recognised, and projects adequately resourced to ensure partner organisations are not overburdened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Blignault
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Hend Saab
- Multicultural Health Team, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (H.S.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Hanan Youssef
- Multicultural Health Team, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (H.S.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Heba Baddah
- Multicultural Health Team, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (H.S.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Klara Giourgas
- Multicultural Health Team, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (H.S.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Lisa Woodland
- Health Equity, Promotion and Prevention Service, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia;
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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10
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Lambert C, Egan R, Turner S, Milton M, Khalu M, Lobo R, Douglas J. The Digital Bytes Project: Digital Storytelling as a Tool for Challenging Stigma and Making Connections in a Forensic Mental Health Setting. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6268. [PMID: 37444115 PMCID: PMC10341800 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This article reports on the findings of a study that explores the utility of digital storytelling as a narrative practice and learning tool for social work in an Australian secure forensic mental health hospital. The short digital stories, or Digital Bytes Project, centered on capturing the lived experience, hopes and perspectives of the hospital's service users by giving voice to their experiences through digital technology. The project was collaboratively designed and co-delivered with social work students, hospital staff, and service users. It aimed to not only destigmatize people with lived experiences of mental distress and criminal justice system involvement but also to give staff and students further insights into understanding who they are working with. Through a series of 11 semi-structured, one on one interviews, this research aims to explore social work student and forensic mental health staff experiences and perceptions in relation to the utility and impact of these digital bytes, reflecting on how the prototype bytes may have impacted their learnings, or practice, including how they then interact with service users. This research investigates how these digital bytes could be used further within forensic mental health organisations and contexts. The research findings demonstrate the overall value of digital bytes in challenging different kinds of stigma, shifting power dynamics and staff perspectives; strengthening rapport and understanding through enhancing engagement and sharing power between students, staff, and consumers; as well as providing insight into the utility of digital bytes for learning and making connections between theory and practice. The preliminary findings from this research suggest the need for greater accessibility, integration, and consideration of these digital tools, with their potential to be translated across multiple human service sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lambert
- Social Work and Human Services, School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, Melbourne City Campus, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Ronnie Egan
- Social Work and Human Services, School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, Melbourne City Campus, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Shelley Turner
- Forensicare (The Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health), Fairfield, VIC 3078, Australia
| | - Miles Milton
- Forensicare (The Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health), Fairfield, VIC 3078, Australia
| | - Madeleine Khalu
- Social Work and Human Services, School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, Melbourne City Campus, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Rishona Lobo
- Social Work and Human Services, School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, Melbourne City Campus, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Julia Douglas
- Forensicare (The Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health), Fairfield, VIC 3078, Australia
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Varshney K, Makleff S, Krishna RN, Romero L, Willems J, Wickes R, Fisher J. Mental health of vulnerable groups experiencing a drought or bushfire: A systematic review. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e24. [PMID: 37860103 PMCID: PMC10581865 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural hazards are increasing because of climate change, and they disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Prior reviews of the mental health consequences of natural hazard events have not focused on the particular experiences of vulnerable groups. Based on the expected increase in fires and droughts in the coming years, the aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the global evidence about the mental health of vulnerable populations after experiencing natural hazards. We searched databases such as Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Ovid PsycInfo using a systematic strategy, which yielded 3,401 publications. We identified 18 eligible studies conducted in five different countries with 15,959 participants. The most common vulnerabilities were living in a rural area, occupying a low socioeconomic position, being a member of an ethnic minority and having a medical condition. Common experiences reported by vulnerable individuals affected by drought included worry, hopelessness, isolation and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Those affected by fire reported experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anger. These mental health problems exacerbated existing health and socioeconomic challenges. The evidence base about mental health in vulnerable communities affected by natural hazards can be improved by including standardized measures and comparison groups, examining the role of intersectional vulnerabilities, and disaggregating data routinely to allow for analyses of the particular experiences of vulnerable communities. Such efforts will help ensure that programs are informed by an understanding of the unique needs of these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Varshney
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shelly Makleff
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Revathi N. Krishna
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lorena Romero
- Ian Potter Library, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julie Willems
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Wickes
- School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Brisbane, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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12
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Chaudhary S, Ray R, Glass BD. “I don't know much about providing pharmaceutical care to people who are transgender”: A qualitative study of experiences and attitudes of pharmacists. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2023; 9:100254. [PMID: 37095891 PMCID: PMC10121476 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, with the increased visibility, the number of transgender people accessing healthcare services has risen in the last decade. Although pharmacists are required to provide equitable and respectful care to all patients, their experiences interacting with trans and gender-diverse (TGD) people and attitudes towards the provision of care are largely unknown. Objectives This study aimed to determine the experiences and attitudes of pharmacists providing care to TGD people in Queensland, Australia. Methods Within a transformative paradigm, this study used semi-structured interviews conducted in person, over the phone, or through the Zoom app. Data were transcribed and analyzed by applying the constructs of the Theoretical Framework of Accessibility (TFA). Results A total of 20 participants were interviewed. Analysis revealed all seven constructs across interview data, with affective attitude and self-efficacy being the most frequently coded constructs, followed by burden and perceived effectiveness. The least coded constructs included ethicality, intervention coherence, and opportunity cost. Pharmacists had positive attitudes towards providing care and interacting professionally with TGD people. Prime challenges in delivering care were being unaware of inclusive language and terminology, difficulty building trusted relationships, privacy and confidentiality at the pharmacy, inability to locate appropriate resources, and lack of training in TGD health. Pharmacists felt rewarded when they established rapport and created safe spaces. However, they requested communication training and education to improve their confidence in delivering care to TGD people. Conclusion Pharmacists demonstrated a clear need for further education on gender-affirming therapies and training in communication with TGD people. Including TGD care in pharmacy curricula and continuous professional development activities is seen as an essential step towards pharmacists improving health outcomes for TGD people.
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Tomic D, Morton JI, Salim A, Lambert T, Magliano DJ, Shaw JE. Hospitalisation for mental health disorders in Australians with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 196:110244. [PMID: 36632938 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the burden and leading reasons for mental health hospitalisation among Australians with diabetes. METHODS We determined the incidence of hospitalisation for all mental health disorders in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes of all ages by linking the National Diabetes Services Scheme to hospital admission datasets from 2010 to 2017. We compared those with type 2 diabetes aged 15 and above to the general population using excess hospitalisations per 100,000 person-years associated with diabetes. RESULTS Depressive disorders were the leading reason for mental health admission in Australians with diabetes, responsible for 6.09 (95% CI 5.78-6.42) and 7.05 (6.95-7.14) admissions per 1,000 person-years in those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. When considering only one admission per person, mental health admission rates were up to 90% lower. Among males with type 2 diabetes, stress and adjustment disorders were the leading cause of excess admissions compared to the general population, while depressive disorders were the leading cause in females. CONCLUSIONS We found a substantial burden of psychiatric hospitalisations among Australians with diabetes, reinforcing the importance of mental health awareness among diabetes clinicians, and support by psychiatric teams for those with diabetes to prevent readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunya Tomic
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jedidiah I Morton
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Agus Salim
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tim Lambert
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Shaw
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Arblaster K, Mackenzie L, Buus N, Chen T, Gill K, Gomez L, Hamilton D, Hancock N, McCloughen A, Nicholson M, Quinn Y, River J, Scanlan JN, Schneider C, Schweizer R, Wells K. Co-design and evaluation of a multidisciplinary teaching resource on mental health recovery involving people with lived experience. Aust Occup Ther J 2023. [PMID: 36704991 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students from a range of health disciplines need to learn from people with lived experience of mental distress and recovery to develop recovery capabilities for mental health practice. AIMS The aims of this study are to describe the co-design of a teaching resource, to explore the experience of people with lived experience during the resource development, and to evaluate the outcome of the resource on student recovery capabilities. METHOD Using a sequential mixed method, a project group consisting of six people with lived experience and 10 academics from five health disciplines was convened to co-develop teaching resources. People with lived experience met independently without researchers on several occasions to decide on the key topics and met with the research team monthly. The teaching resource was used in mental health subjects for two health professional programmes, and the Capabilities for Recovery-Oriented Practice Questionnaire (CROP-Q) was used before and after to measure any change in student recovery capabilities. Scores were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. The people with lived experience were also interviewed about their experience of being involved in constructing the teaching resources. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analysed thematically. RESULTS The finished resource consisted of 28 short videos and suggested teaching plans. Occupational therapy and nursing student scores on the CROP-Q prior to using the educational resource (n = 33) were 68 (median) and post scores (n = 28) were 74 (median), indicating a statistically significant improvement in recovery capability (P = 0.04). Lived experience interview themes were (i) the importance of lived experience in education; (ii) personal benefits of participating; (iii) co-design experience; and (iv) creating the resource. CONCLUSION Co-design of teaching resources with people with lived experience was pivotal to the success and quality of the final product, and people with lived experience described personal benefits of participating in resource development. More evidence to demonstrate the use of the CROP-Q in teaching and practice is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Arblaster
- Research and Strategic Partnerships, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Lynette Mackenzie
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Niels Buus
- Monash Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Timothy Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine Gill
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Gomez
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah Hamilton
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola Hancock
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea McCloughen
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Margaret Nicholson
- Nutrition & Dietetics Group, School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yvette Quinn
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jo River
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Justin Newton Scanlan
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Carl Schneider
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Schweizer
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen Wells
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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15
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Smith-Merry J, Fujita K, Chen T, Baillie A. Unintentional drug-related deaths in people with mental illness in NSW Australia, 2012-2016: a retrospective cohort study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:239-248. [PMID: 35501478 PMCID: PMC9922235 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE People with mental illness are a vulnerable and stigmatised group with poor health outcomes including greater premature mortality. This study aimed to investigate trends and rates of change in unintentional drug-related deaths for people with mental illness, describe types of medicines involved, and identify populations at risk in a cohort from New South Wales, Australia. METHODS Features of unintentional drug-related deaths for people with mental illness between 2012 and 2016 were identified in a retrospective review of data from the National Coronial Information System. RESULTS A total of 495 unintentional drug-related deaths were identified (1.6 deaths/100,000 population), showing an upward trend (p < 0.01). The most common substance involved was diazepam in both genders (males 135/319, 42%, female 76/176, 43%) and more than one contributory drug was included in 80% of cases. Between 2012 and 2016, amphetamine-related deaths showed the highest increase (3.2-fold), followed by codeine (2.5-fold) and quetiapine (2.5-fold). Males (RR 1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.2) and people aged 35-44 (RR 1.7, CI 1.3-2.2) were more likely to die from unintentional drug-related deaths compared with the reference (females and people aged 25-34). CONCLUSION This study found that the drugs commonly involved in deaths are also the drugs commonly used by and prescribed to people with mental illness. There were also significant differences between gender, age group, and marital status in the trend and rate of unintentional drug-related deaths for people with mental illness. A multifaceted approach encompassing both pharmaceutical prescribing and targeted public health messaging is required to inform intervention and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Smith-Merry
- Centre for Disability Research and Policy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Kenji Fujita
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Tim Chen
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Andrew Baillie
- grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSchool of Health Sciences and Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
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Carrotte E, Hopgood F, Blanchard M, Groot C, Phillips L. A New Podcast to Reduce Stigma Against People Living with Complex Mental Health Issues: A Co-Design Study (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 7:e44412. [PMID: 37145860 DOI: 10.2196/44412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental illness stigma refers to damaging stereotypes and emotional responses around the experience of mental health issues. Media-based interventions have the potential to reduce the public's stigmatizing attitudes by improving mental health literacy, emotional appeal, and the intimacy of address. As audio-based media facilitating storytelling, podcasts show potential for reducing stigma; however, it is unclear what features could make a podcast effective or engaging. OBJECTIVE The Co-Design and Anti-Stigma Podcast Research (CASPR) study aimed to collaborate with key target audience members to inform the development of a new podcast. This podcast primarily aims to reduce listeners' stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with complex mental health issues. METHODS This study was adapted from Experience-Based Co-Design methodology. The first part, information gathering, involved a web-based mixed methods survey with 629 Australian podcast listeners to explore their interest and concerns around podcasts. Then, a series of focus groups were held with a purposive sample of 25 participants to explore the potential benefits and challenges of the podcast format. Focus group participants included people with lived experience of complex mental health issues, media and communications professionals, health care professionals, and people interested in workplace mental health. The second part, co-design, constituted 3 meetings of a co-design committee with 10 participants drawn from the focus groups to design the podcast using brainstorming and decision-making activities. RESULTS Most survey respondents (537/629, 85.3%) indicated a willingness to listen to a podcast about experiences of mental illness stigma; participants indicated preference for semistructured episodes and a mixture of light and serious content. Focus group participants identified potential challenges with appealing to listeners, making the content emotionally resonant and engaging, and translation to listeners' attitude change. The co-design committee collaborated to achieve consensus on the focus of individual episodes: domains where stigma and discrimination are common, such as workplaces and health care settings; the structure of individual episodes: storyboards that centralize guests with lived experience, featuring explicit discussions around stigma and discrimination; and overarching content principles, including a sincere, empathetic, and hopeful tone; using plain language; having clear calls to action; and providing listener resources. CONCLUSIONS The co-design process informed a podcast design that features lived experience narratives with an explicit focus on stigma and discrimination, highlighting the realities of stigma while acknowledging progress in the space and how listeners can contribute toward social change. This study allowed for an in-depth discussion around the strengths and limitations of such a podcast according to different target audience members. The co-design committee designed key elements of a podcast that has the potential to minimize the limitations of the format while embracing the benefits of podcast-based storytelling. Once produced, the podcast will be evaluated for its impact on attitude change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Carrotte
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Anne Deveson Research Centre, SANE, Carlton, Australia
| | - Fincina Hopgood
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Michelle Blanchard
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Christopher Groot
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lisa Phillips
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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17
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Makleff S, Varshney K, Krishna RN, Romero L, Fisher J. Mental Health and Community Resilience among Vulnerable Populations Affected by Natural Hazards: Protocol for Scoping Reviews. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:mps5060088. [PMID: 36412810 PMCID: PMC9680364 DOI: 10.3390/mps5060088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to natural hazards such as fire, drought, floods, and earthquakes can have negative impacts on physical and mental health and wellbeing. The social and structural factors contributing to individual and community vulnerability also influence responses to disaster and the resulting consequences on health and wellbeing. Experiencing disasters like bushfires amplifies the impacts of inequality, magnifying existing disparities and contributing to additional psychological burdens of grief, trauma and adaptive challenge. There is a need to understand how vulnerability can influence responses to disaster, and to identify factors that develop and foster resilience in the context of increasing disasters and vulnerability. MATERIALS AND METHODS This protocol will describe the methodology of two scoping reviews: the first will describe the mental health outcomes of vulnerable populations after droughts and bushfires; the second will identify and describe strategies that promote community resilience in vulnerable populations in the context of a disaster. A thorough search will be conducted in relevant databases. Studies will be limited to English language. The reviews will be reported using the 22-item checklist for the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Methodological quality of the included papers will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tools. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The two scoping reviews described in this protocol will have broad relevance in the context of increasing and intensifying disasters, and will especially consider the compounded impact of disaster on vulnerable communities. Findings will contribute directly to the design and implementation of solutions to improve post-disaster health and wellbeing and community resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Makleff
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 4, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Karan Varshney
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 4, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Revathi N. Krishna
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 4, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Lorena Romero
- Alfred Health, 55 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- Global and Women’s Health Unit, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 4, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Thornicroft G, Sunkel C, Alikhon Aliev A, Baker S, Brohan E, El Chammay R, Davies K, Demissie M, Duncan J, Fekadu W, Gronholm PC, Guerrero Z, Gurung D, Habtamu K, Hanlon C, Heim E, Henderson C, Hijazi Z, Hoffman C, Hosny N, Huang FX, Kline S, Kohrt BA, Lempp H, Li J, London E, Ma N, Mak WWS, Makhmud A, Maulik PK, Milenova M, Morales Cano G, Ouali U, Parry S, Rangaswamy T, Rüsch N, Sabri T, Sartorius N, Schulze M, Stuart H, Taylor Salisbury T, Vera San Juan N, Votruba N, Winkler P. The Lancet Commission on ending stigma and discrimination in mental health. Lancet 2022; 400:1438-1480. [PMID: 36223799 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Thornicroft
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK.
| | | | - Akmal Alikhon Aliev
- National Institute of Mental Health (Czechia), WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Mental Health Research and Service Development, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Sue Baker
- Mind international, London, UK; Changing Minds Globally, London, UK
| | - Elaine Brohan
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | | | - Kelly Davies
- Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | - Mekdes Demissie
- College of Health Sciences and Medicine, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University, Ethiopia; Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Studies for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Wubalem Fekadu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Petra C Gronholm
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | - Zoe Guerrero
- National Institute of Mental Health (Czechia), WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Mental Health Research and Service Development, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Dristy Gurung
- Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK; Transcultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO), Kathmandu Nepal
| | - Kassahun Habtamu
- Addis Ababa University, School of Psychology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Charlotte Hanlon
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Research and Training, King's College London, London UK; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Eva Heim
- Institut de Psychologie, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Henderson
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | | | | | - Nadine Hosny
- Institut de Psychologie, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Brandon A Kohrt
- Division of Global Mental Health, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Heidi Lempp
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, and Academic Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, London UK
| | - Jie Li
- Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ning Ma
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Winnie W S Mak
- Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Akerke Makhmud
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | - Pallab K Maulik
- George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India; University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Milenova
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK; Centre for Implementation Science, King's College London, London UK
| | | | - Uta Ouali
- Razi Hospital and El Manar Medical School, University of Tunis, La Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Sarah Parry
- South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Nicolas Rüsch
- Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University and BKH Günzburg, Ulm, Germany; Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Bezirkskrankenhaus Günzburg, Günzburg, Germany
| | - Taha Sabri
- Taskeen Health Initiative, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Norman Sartorius
- Association for the Improvement of Mental health Programs, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Tatiana Taylor Salisbury
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | - Norha Vera San Juan
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, London UK
| | - Nicole Votruba
- and Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Petr Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health (Czechia), WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Mental Health Research and Service Development, Klecany, Czechia
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Burzee Z, Bowers C, Beidel D. A re-evaluation of Stuart's police officer stigma scale: Measuring mental health stigma in first responders. Front Public Health 2022; 10:951347. [PMID: 36203658 PMCID: PMC9530805 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.951347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stigma about mental illness is often identified as one of the most prominent obstacles to seeking mental health services. This seems to be particularly true among first responders. Unfortunately, the research regarding stigma in first responders is lacking. This may be due, in part, to the absence of appropriate measurement tools to allow such research. Police Officer Stigma Scale (POSS) has recently been developed to address this issue, but its psychometric properties have gone largely untested. Therefore, this study sought to identify the underlying factor structure and internal consistency of the POSS. This paper used a sample of 135 first responders. Using factor analysis with an orthogonal rotation on Stuart's 11-item POSS, the participant's results revealed two main components, accounting for a total of 72.79% of the overall variance. Factor one is "maltreatment of colleagues with a mental disorder," and is associated with six of the 11 items on the scale, such as "Most police officers believe that a colleague who has had a mental illness is not trustworthy." Factor two is "fear of disclosing a mental disorder." It includes items such as "Most police officers would not disclose to a supervisor/manager if they were experiencing a mental illness." Findings from this research are similar to the results of previous studies with components such as unwillingness to disclose a mental health condition, fear of how the public will treat an individual with a mental disorder, and anger toward those who decide to seek treatment or get diagnosed with a mental illness. These findings imply that Stuart's POSS is reliable but needs to include two components rather than one. With the two main components, further research can now be conducted to understand why and ultimately mitigate maltreatment or stigma against first responders with a mental health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachery Burzee
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Clint Bowers
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- UCF RESTORES, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Deborah Beidel
- UCF RESTORES, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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Sarikoc G, Attoe C, Elcin M, Ortega Vega M. Simulated Patients’ Beliefs Towards Mental Illness. Clin Simul Nurs 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Doan T, Ha V, Strazdins L, Chateau D. Healthy minds live in healthy bodies – effect of physical health on mental health: Evidence from Australian longitudinal data. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIt is well known that physical and mental health are closely related, with growing evidence for biological and behavioural pathways. Mostly the research has focussed on mental health as the key driver of this inter-connection; the extent physical health shapes mental health has received less attention. We aim to derive robust estimates of the unique role physical health may play in shaping mental health outcomes. To do so we use a novel approach, incorporating longitudinal and instrumental variable methods which can address the reciprocal relationship between physical and mental health, and the endogeneity of physical health, before estimating the physical to mental health pathway. A sample of 209,442 observations (or 24,966 unique individuals) aged 15 and over spanning 18 years (2002–2019) was extracted from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australian Survey (HILDA). We find that physical activity and health shocks erode mental health via their impact on physical health with a one point improvement (or worsening) in physical health scores (0–100) resulting in a rise (or decline) of 0.43 points (or 43%) in mental health score.
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Strategies to Reduce Mental Illness Stigma: Perspectives of People with Lived Experience and Caregivers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031632. [PMID: 35162655 PMCID: PMC8835394 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing the stigma surrounding mental illness is a global public health priority. Traditionally, anti-stigma campaigns were led by mental health professionals/organisations and had an emphasis on increasing mental health literacy. More recently, it has been argued that people with lived experience have much to contribute in terms of extending and strengthening these efforts. The purpose of this paper was to elicit views and suggestions from people with lived experience (PWLE) as well as from informal caregivers of people with mental health conditions, on effective strategies to combat the stigma surrounding mental illness. METHODS Six focus group discussions (FGDs) were carried out with PWLE recruited at outpatient services at the Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, and five FGDs were carried out with informal caregivers who responded to advertisements for the study between March and November 2018. In all, the sample comprised 42 PWLE and 31 caregivers. All the FGDs were transcribed verbatim and were analysed using thematic analysis. A pragmatic approach was adopted for the study, and the researchers did not assume any particular philosophical orientation. RESULTS Four overarching themes depicting strategies to combat stigma were identified through thematic analysis. They were (1) raising mental health awareness, (2) social contact, (3) advocacy by influential figures or groups, and (4) the legislation of anti-discriminatory laws. CONCLUSIONS These strategies were in line with approaches that have been used internationally to disrupt the process of stigma. Our study has further identified nuanced details on how these strategies can be carried out as well as possible areas of priority in the Singapore landscape.
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Luo J, Ge Y, Hao JC, Wilkinson RB, Wenger JL. Measurement Invariance of the Questionnaire on the Internal Stigma of Internet Surfing Among Sino-Australian Undergraduates. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:823504. [PMID: 35211044 PMCID: PMC8860903 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.823504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stigma of internet surfing is a relatively new area of study arising from the popularity of the internet. The Questionnaire on the Internal Stigma of Internet Surfing-9 (QISIS-9) was developed for the Chinese culture, so its suitability for use in other cultural contexts is uncertain. This paper examines the measurement invariance of the QISIS-9 among Sino-Australian undergraduates to verify the cross-cultural measurement invariance of QISIS-9 and promote cross-cultural (nationality) research regarding the internal stigma of internet surfing. METHODS The Internal Stigma of Internet Surfing-9 (QISIS-9) was used to assess 200 Chinese undergraduates (50% female, Mage = 19.78) and 204 Australian undergraduates (76% female, Mage = 21.10), respectively. RESULTS A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the single-factor model of QISIS-9 is acceptable with both Chinese and Australian undergraduates. However, the factor loading of Item 9, to which a reverse score is assigned, is not ideal for both samples. Thus, the item should be deleted. According to a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA), QISIS-8, the revised version of QISIS-9, meets the strict measurement invariance among the Chinese and Australian participants. The QISIS-8 demonstrated appropriate internal consistency in the scores for both the Chinese and Australian undergraduates. CONCLUSION The new QISIS-8 can effectively assess the internal stigma of internet surfing among Chinese and Australian undergraduates, and it provides a frame of reference for further cross-cultural (border) comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Luo
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Ge
- Key Laboratory of Emotion and Mental Health in Chongqing, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China.,School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ji-Chun Hao
- School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ross B Wilkinson
- School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jay L Wenger
- Social Sciences Division, HACC, Central Pennsylvania's Community College, Lancaster, PA, United States
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Morgan AJ, Wright J, Reavley NJ. Correction to: Review of Australian initiatives to reduce stigma towards people with complex mental illness: what exists and what works? Int J Ment Health Syst 2021; 15:69. [PMID: 34353351 PMCID: PMC8340545 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-021-00490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Morgan
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Judith Wright
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nicola J Reavley
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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