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Li H, Li Z, Zhao J, Wang G, Wang H, Zhang J, Ni X. Investigation of Factors Influencing Sleep Status in Beijing Children Aged 3 to 14 Years. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:1336-1340. [PMID: 36734169 DOI: 10.1177/00034894231152754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of children's sleep in Beijing and analyze the factors that influence it. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling, a total of 11 420 children aged 3 to 14 years in 7 districts of Beijing were included in this study. The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) was used to investigate and analyze various factors influencing sleep. RESULTS The mean PSQ score of the children surveyed was 3.60 ± 2.69 points. The proportion of children with a score above 7 was 8.87%. Multi-level model analysis showed that the younger children had higher PSQ scores than older and that the boys had higher PSQ scores than the girls. CONCLUSIONS The sleep quality of children in Beijing is not optimistic. The PSQ score of preschool children is higher than school age children. It is recommended that parents pay attention to their children's sleep status and try to remove influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Li
- National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing First Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Guixiang Wang
- National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ni
- National Center for Children's Health (NCCH), Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Lin S, Cheslack-Postava K, Tang H, Fan F, Hoven CW. Racial and ethnic disparities in insufficient sleep among US in infants and preschoolers. Sleep Health 2023; 9:268-276. [PMID: 36813679 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine racial and ethnic disparities and associated factors of insufficient sleep among children from infancy to preschool-aged. METHODS We analyzed parent-reported data on US children ages 4 months-5 years (n = 13,975) from the 2018 and 2019 National Survey of Children's Health. Children who slept less than the age-specific minimum hours recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine were classified as having insufficient sleep. Logistic regression was used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (AOR). RESULTS An estimated 34.3% of children from infancy to preschool-aged experienced insufficient sleep. Socioeconomic factors (poverty [AOR] = 1.5, parents' education level [AORs] from 1.3 to 1.5); parent-child interaction variables (AORs from 1.4 to 1.6); breast feeding status (AOR = 1.5); family structure (AORs from 1.5 to 4.4); and weeknight bedtime regularity (AORs from 1.3 to 3.0) were significantly associated with having insufficient sleep. Non-Hispanic Black (OR = 3.2) and Hispanic children (OR = 1.6) had significantly higher odds of insufficient sleep compared to non-Hispanic White children. Racial and ethnic disparities in insufficient sleep between non-Hispanic White children and Hispanic children were largely attenuated by adjusting for social economic factors. However, the difference in insufficient sleep between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White children remains (AOR = 1.6) after adjusting socioeconomic and other factors. CONCLUSIONS More than one-third of the sample reported insufficient sleep. After adjusting for socio-demographic variables, racial disparities in insufficient sleep decreased but persistent disparities existed. Further research is warranted to examine other factors and develop interventions to address multilevel factors and improve sleep health among racial and ethnic minority group children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shanwei, China; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan Lin
- Center for Family and Community Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Keely Cheslack-Postava
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Huilan Tang
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Brain, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christina W Hoven
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia Univresity, USA.
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Tsuchiya M, Tsuchiya S, Momma H, Mizuno K, Nagatomi R, Yaegashi N, Arima T. Prospective association of short sleep duration in newborns with bruxism behavior in children: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). Sleep Med 2022; 100:71-78. [PMID: 36029753 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bruxism is defined as a repetitive masticatory muscle activity, characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. Although the bruxism etiology can be bidirectionally described with sleep disorders, there are few studies available to understand the association of sleep duration with bruxism behavior in early childhood. METHODS A dataset of children (n = 90,148) from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) - an ongoing nationwide, prospective birth cohort study - was used to investigate the prospective association of the infant's sleep duration with bruxism behavior, which were acquired using self-reported questionnaire. After multiple imputation of data, the association between sleep duration and bruxism behavior in early childhood was examined using a binomial logistic regression analysis. It was conducted with adjustments for several maternal (e.g., age at delivery and sleep duration) and child-related (e.g., sex and sleep position) variables. RESULTS The prevalence of bruxism behavior at the ages of two and four were 16.2% and 22.5%, respectively. Using the shortest sleep duration group's participants (≤13 h) as the reference, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for prevalence of bruxism behavior decreased with longer sleep duration at one month of age, but not at 36 months of age, after covariate adjustments. Furthermore, in comparison with the impacts between daytime and nighttime sleep, nighttime sleep with longer duration were dominantly associated with bruxism behavior. CONCLUSION The sleep duration in infant stage, especially during newborn stage was associated with the prevalence of bruxism behavior in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Tohoku Fukushi University, 6-149-1 Kunimi-ga-oka, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-3201, Japan.
| | - Shinobu Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthodontics and Speech Therapy for Craniofacial Anomalies, Tohoku University Hospital, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Koh Mizuno
- Faculty of Education, Tohoku Fukushi University, 6-149-1 Kunimi-ga-oka, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan; Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yaegashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arima
- Department of Informative Genetics, Environment and Genome Research Center, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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Schnatschmidt M, Lollies F, Schlarb AA. A single-arm pilot study: can a parental sleep intervention for sleep-disturbed young children in individual settings improve children's sleep, crying, eating, and parental distress in mothers and fathers? BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:578. [PMID: 36207683 PMCID: PMC9541003 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early sleep problems co-occur with crying, eating problems, and parental distress. This study investigates the impact of a parent-focused intervention to improve child sleep with the following aims: (1) To assess the impact on child sleep (sleep onset latency, frequency and duration of nighttime awakenings, frequency of bed-sharing, and nighttime food intake, total nighttime sleep duration, and sleep efficiency), child crying (frequency of crying episodes, of unexplained and unsoothable crying and of crying out of defiance), child eating difficulties, and parental distress of mothers and fathers. (2) To assess the maintenance of any changes in these areas longitudinally, at 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. (3) To explore at the within-subjects level, how children’s sleep, crying, eating, and parental distress changed together across all study measurement points. Methods In this single-arm pilot study, the parents of 60 children participated in six individual sessions of a parent-focused multimodal age-adjusted cognitive-behavioral intervention to improve child sleep. Parents of 39 children (46% girls, age in months M = 22.41, SD = 12.43) completed pre- and at least one measure after the intervention. Sleep diary, questionnaire for crying, feeding, sleeping, and parental stress index (short-form) were assessed pre, post, three, six, and 12 months after the intervention. Results Significantly, sleep (decreased sleep onset latency, frequency, duration of nighttime awakenings, bed-sharing, nighttime food intake; increased total nighttime sleep duration, sleep efficiency), crying (reduced frequency of crying episodes, unexplained and unsoothable crying), and parental distress (reduced) changed, which remained partially stable over follow-up. The frequency of crying episodes decreased with fewer nighttime awakenings; morning crying with increased nighttime feeding; unexplained and unsoothable crying with higher sleep efficiency; crying due to defiance with more nighttime awakenings, sleep efficiency, and bed-sharing. Eating problems decreased with shorter night awakenings and time; maternal distress with fewer nighttime awakenings, paternal with less child’s nighttime feeding, unexplained and unsoothable crying, and time. Conclusions A parental sleep intervention for sleep-disturbed young children could be promising to reduce children’s sleep problems, crying, eating problems and parental distress. Future studies should consider more personal contact during the follow-up to reduce the drop-out rate and a randomized-controlled design. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (ID: DRKS00028578, registration date: 21.03.2022). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-022-03631-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Schnatschmidt
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Childhood and Adolescence, Bielefeld University, P.O.P. 10 01 31, DE-33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Friederike Lollies
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Childhood and Adolescence, Bielefeld University, P.O.P. 10 01 31, DE-33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Angelika A Schlarb
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Childhood and Adolescence, Bielefeld University, P.O.P. 10 01 31, DE-33501, Bielefeld, Germany
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Manti F, Giovannone F, Aceti F, Giacchetti N, Fioriello F, Maugeri A, Sogos C. Unraveling the Relationship between Sleep Problems, Emotional Behavior Disorders, and Stressful Life Events in Preschool Children. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185419. [PMID: 36143065 PMCID: PMC9503080 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aims of this study were to: (1) explore sleep problems in preschool children with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), selective mutism (SM), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and (2) examine the relationship between stressful life events, sleep problems, and emotional behavior disorders in preschoolers. Methods: The parents of 213 preschool children with SM, GAD, ODD, and TD (typical development, age range 2–6 years) completed the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), the Coddington Life Events Scale, preschool version (CLES-P), and the CBCL 1½–5. Results: Eighty-three subjects reported sleep problems before the age of 2 years. Seventy-five children (86.14%) with a clinical diagnosis and eight children with TD (8.4%) exceeded the threshold level on the CSHQ. For the bedtime resistance (p = 0.042) and sleep duration subscales (p = 0.038), the SM group had significantly higher scores in comparison to the ODD group. The same pattern was also true for the sleep onset (p = 0.024) and sleep anxiety subscales (p = 0.019). The linear regression analysis model showed that the impact of stressful life events and internalizing problems could predict sleep habits in children. Conclusions: Emotional behavior disorders and stress factors should be regularly investigated in children who are referred to clinics for sleep problems. Clinicians should consider how these symptoms may exacerbate sleep problems and/or interfere with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Manti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-4997-2972
| | - Federica Giovannone
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Franca Aceti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Post-Partum Disorders, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Giacchetti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Post-Partum Disorders, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fioriello
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Maugeri
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Sogos
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Coel RA, Pujalte GGA, Applewhite AI, Zaslow T, Cooper G, Ton AN, Benjamin HJ. Sleep and the Young Athlete. Sports Health 2022:19417381221108732. [PMID: 35855519 DOI: 10.1177/19417381221108732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Sleep plays a vital role in cognitive and physical performance. Teenage athletes (ages 13-19 years) are considered especially at risk for disordered sleep and associated negative cognitive, physical, and psychosomatic effects. However, there is a paucity of evidence-based recommendations to promote sleep quality and quantity in athletes who fall within this age range. We performed a review of the literature to reveal evidence-based findings and recommendations to help sports instructors, athletic trainers, physical therapists, physicians, and other team members caring for young athletes provide guidance on sleep optimization for peak sports performance and injury risk reduction. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched on May 11, 2016, and then again on September 1, 2020, for relevant articles published to date. STUDY DESIGN Narrative review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. RESULTS Few studies exist on the effects disordered sleep may have on teenage athletes. By optimizing sleep patterns in young athletes during training and competitions, physical and mental performance, and overall well-being, may be optimized. Adequate sleep has been shown to improve the performance of athletes, although further studies are needed. CONCLUSION Twenty-five percent of total sleep time should be deep sleep, with a recommended sleep time of 8 to 9 hours for most young athletes. Screen and television use during athletes' bedtime should be minimized to improve sleep quality and quantity. For young athletes who travel, jet lag can be minimized by allowing 1 day per time zone crossed for adjustment, limiting caffeine intake, planning meals and onboard sleeping to coincide with destination schedules, timing arrivals in the morning whenever possible, and using noise-canceling headphones and eyeshades. STRENGTH-OF-RECOMMENDATION TAXONOMY (SORT) B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Coel
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - George G A Pujalte
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida.,Division of Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Tracy Zaslow
- Children's Orthopedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - George Cooper
- Division of Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Angie N Ton
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Holly J Benjamin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Rol de la terapia farmacológica en los trastornos del espectro autista. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
There is growing public health concern about the high prevalence of sleep deficiency in early childhood and the associated risk for sleep-associated poor health outcomes, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and mental health. The recent shift to conceptualize sleep health as a multidimensional construct, influenced by socioecological factors, highlights the potential role of sleep in health disparities. Understanding the development of sleep health and the emergence of sleep disorders in early life is a current priority in pediatric sleep research. Future behavioral sleep interventions should consider the multiple socioecological influences on children's sleep health and be tested using inclusive sampling methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Logan
- Yale School of Nursing, PO Box 27399, West Haven, CT 06516-7399, USA
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Sadikova E, Dovgan K, Mazurek MO. Longitudinal Examination of Sleep Problems and Symptom Severity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2022; 53:1673-1681. [PMID: 35384626 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience sleep problems, which have been associated with more severe presentations of ASD symptoms. We examined the bidirectional link between sleep problems and specific ASD symptoms at two time points within 5 years in a well-characterized sample (659 children with ASD). Using cross-lagged panel analyses, we found evidence for a unidirectional link between baseline ASD symptoms (specifically repetitive behaviors, atypical behaviors, communication, and peer interactions) and future sleep problems, but did not find evidence of a bidirectional relationship. We did not find any longitudinal association between social reciprocity and sleep problems. It is important for providers and caregivers to understand and monitor the link between ASD symptoms and sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Sadikova
- University of Virginia, 417 Emmet Street South, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA.
| | - Kristen Dovgan
- Marist College, 3399 North Rd, Poughkeepsie, NY, 12601, USA
| | - Micah O Mazurek
- University of Virginia, 417 Emmet Street South, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
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Obara T, Naito H, Tsukahara K, Matsumoto N, Yamamoto H, Yorifuji T, Nakao A. Short or Irregular Sleep Duration in Early Childhood Increases Risk of Injury for Primary School-Age Children: A Nationwide Longitudinal Birth Cohort in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189512. [PMID: 34574435 PMCID: PMC8469796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between shorter or irregular sleep duration (SD) in early childhood and increased risk of injury at primary school age using data from a nationwide survey in Japan. We categorized SD into seven groups: 6 h, 7 h, 8 h, 9 hrs, 10 or 11 h, >12 h, and irregular, based on questionnaire responses collected at 5.5 years old. The relationship between SD and incidence of injury at 5.5–nine years of age is shown. In addition, we completed a stratified analysis on children with or without problematic behavior at eight years old. We included 32,044 children, of which 6369 were classified as having an injury and 25,675 as not having an injury. Logistic regression model showed that shorter or irregular SD categories were associated with an increased adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for injuries (6 h: aOR 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19–1.66, 7 h: aOR 1.10, 95% CI, 0.98–1.23, 8 h: aOR 1.13, 95% CI, 1.02–1.26, irregular: aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.10–1.43). The same tendency was observed with shorter or irregular SD in subgroups with or without behavioral problems. Shorter or irregular sleep habits during early childhood are associated with injury during primary school age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Obara
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (H.Y.); (A.N.)
| | - Hiromichi Naito
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (H.Y.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-7427; Fax: +81-86-235-7427
| | - Kohei Tsukahara
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (H.Y.); (A.N.)
| | - Naomi Matsumoto
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (N.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Hirotsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (H.Y.); (A.N.)
| | - Takashi Yorifuji
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (N.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Atsunori Nakao
- Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (H.Y.); (A.N.)
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Lamônica DAC, Giacheti CM, Dias Hayssi Haduo M, Dias Dos Santos MJ, da Silva NC, Pinato L. Sleep quality, functional skills, and communication in preschool-aged children with autism spectrum disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 116:104024. [PMID: 34245976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to correlate sleep quality, the performance of functional skills (mobility, self-care, and social function), communication, independence, and severity of ASD in children with ASD. METHOD 58 children between 3 and 5 years and 11 months old were investigated. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale was applied to determine the severity of autism; the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children was used to investigate sleep quality, and the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory to investigate functional abilities and independence of the children. RESULTS 68.9 % of the children showed indicative of sleep disorders. There was no correlation between the different sleep disorders and communication. Sleep disorders showed a negative correlation with functional performance and a positive correlation with ASD severity. INTERPRETATION The current study offers an exploration between sleep and functional skills in children with ASD. These findings provide important clinical implications in the diagnosis and intervention process of children with ASD and also stimulate reflections on the importance in minimize the impact of sleep disorders and functional abilities on the quality of life of these individuals and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Celia Maria Giacheti
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marilia, SP, Brazil
| | - Michele Dias Hayssi Haduo
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University of São Paulo, (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nathani Cristina da Silva
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marilia, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pinato
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marilia, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Watson A, McGuine T, Lang P, Post E, Biese K, Kliethermes S, Brooks MA, Bell D. The Relationships Between Sport Specialization, Sleep, and Quality of Life in Female Youth Volleyball Athletes. Sports Health 2021; 14:237-245. [PMID: 34043487 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211014867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sport specialization may be associated with stress and burnout among youth athletes, the relationship with quality of life (QOL) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sport specialization, sleep, and QOL in female youth athletes. HYPOTHESIS Higher levels of specialization are associated with increased daytime sleepiness and worse QOL. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS Female high school volleyball players completed preseason surveys to determine sport specialization (low, moderate, high), injury history, QOL, sleep duration, and daytime sleepiness. QOL and sleep variables were compared across specialization groups. Multivariable linear regression models were developed to evaluate the associations between sleepiness, QOL, specialization, grade in school, and injury history. RESULTS Of 1482 participants, 591 (40%), 436 (29%), and 455 (31%) were categorized as low, moderate, and high specialization, respectively. Highly specialized athletes demonstrated worse QOL (median 91.3 [interquartile range 86-96]) than low (92.4 [88-97], P = 0.05) and moderate (93.5 [88-99], P = 0.05) specialization groups and greater daytime sleepiness (11 [7-15]) than low (10 [6-14], P < 0.001) and moderate (10 [6-14], P < 0.001) specialization groups. In the multivariable model, QOL was negatively associated with prior injury occurrence (β = -1.1 ± 0.5, P = 0.02), but not grade in school (β = -0.08 ± 0.2, P = 0.71) or specialization (moderate: β = 0.08 ± 0.5, P = 0.88; high: β = -0.70 ± 0.5, P = 0.18). Daytime sleepiness increased with high specialization (β = 1.12 ± 0.3, P < 0.001) and grade (β = 0.76 ± 0.1, P < 0.001), but not prior injury (β = 0.51 ±0.3, P = 0.10). CONCLUSION Highly specialized female volleyball athletes demonstrate decreased QOL, perhaps because of higher rates of prior injury. Specialization is also associated with increased daytime sleepiness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Sport participation patterns and injury may have implications for QOL in youth athletes.
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Martin A, Johnson AD, Castle S. Reframing High-Quality Public Preschool as a Vehicle for Narrowing Child Health Disparities Based on Family Income. Acad Pediatr 2021; 21:408-413. [PMID: 32652121 PMCID: PMC7790912 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Past research shows that high-quality public preschool may disproportionately support low-income children's school readiness because low-income children tend to arrive at school with fewer of the academic skills needed for success. This suggests a compensatory process in human development in which the children who benefit most from a promotive factor are those who stand to gain the most. We propose that high-quality public preschool may similarly confer its greatest health rewards to low-income children, who are generally in poorer health than their peers. If that is true, preschool has the potential to narrow health disparities by income, which without intervention, persist into adulthood. To date, no one has articulated all the pathways through which high-quality public preschool may improve children's health, much less those that should disproportionately benefit those from low-income families. Drawing on the bioecological paradigm of human development, we propose a model identifying specific mechanisms likely to promote equity in child health. These mechanisms reflect core characteristics of high-quality public preschool that may disproportionately benefit low-income children's health. This model serves as a working template for a program of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Martin
- Department of Psychology (AD Johnson), Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
| | - Anna D Johnson
- Department of Psychology (AD Johnson), Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Sherri Castle
- Early Childhood Education Institute, University of Oklahoma (S Castle), Tulsa, Okla
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Shen S, Li X, Li R, Huang D, Zhao X, Zhang X, Hao Q, Sun Q, Tong H, Zheng X, Cao Y, Liu S, Zhu H, Liu H. Association of sleep disorders with subfoveal choroidal thickness in preschool children. Eye (Lond) 2021; 36:448-456. [PMID: 33707765 PMCID: PMC8807704 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association between sleep disorders and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in preschool children. METHODS In this population-based cross-sectional study, children aged 60-72 months were measured for SFCT using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and for sleep disorders using the Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association between sleep disorders and SFCT. RESULTS A total of 1337 children (mean (SD) age: 66.88 (3.41) months) were included in the analyses. In multivariable linear analysis, a higher total CSHQ score (indicating higher likelihood of sleep disorders) was associated with a thinner subfoveal choroid (beta, -0.070; 95% CI, -0.141 to -0.001; P = 0.046). When each of eight CSHQ subscale scores was analysed by the multivariable model, only the Daytime Sleepiness subscale score was negatively associated with the SFCT (beta, -0.115; 95% CI, -0.183 to -0.046; P = 0.001). The children with clinically significant daytime sleepiness (n = 364, 27.2%) had significantly thinner subfoveal choroid than other children (295.47 vs. 308.52 μm, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Only daytime sleepiness was significantly associated with SFCT in preschool children in this study. The potential relationship between sleep disorders during childhood and children's ocular development needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Child Healthcare, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi Children's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingfeng Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qigang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, China
| | - Haohai Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yelongzi Cao
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuning Liu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Al-Shawwa B, Glynn E, Hoffman MA, Ehsan Z, Ingram DG. Outpatient health care utilization for sleep disorders in the Cerner Health Facts database. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:203-209. [PMID: 32996459 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.8838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep disorders are common in the general population. This study aimed to identify direct health care utilization for sleep disorders using big data through the Cerner Health Facts database. METHODS The Cerner Health Facts database has 68.7 million patients in the data warehouse, documenting approximately 506.9 million encounters from 100 nonaffiliated health care systems. To identify sleep-related health care utilization, we examined the frequency of outpatient encounters related to sleep disorders between the years 2000 and 2017. Sleep disorders were grouped-based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition. RESULTS Approximately 20.5 million patients were identified with a total of 127.4 million outpatient encounters. In pediatric patients (ages 0-18 years), health care utilization for major sleep diagnoses was measured per 100,000 encounters. Sleep-related breathing disorders ranked first among common sleep disorders for pediatric patients followed by parasomnia, insomnia, sleep movement disorders, hypersomnolence, then circadian rhythm disorders (820.1, 258.1, 181.6, 68.3, 48.1, and 16.2 per 100,000 encounters, respectively). However, in adult patients, the ranking was slightly different, with sleep-related breathing disorders ranked first, followed by insomnia, sleep-related movement disorders, hypersomnolence, parasomnia, then circadian rhythm disorders (1352.6, 511.6, 166.3, 79.1, 25.7, and 4.2 per 100,000 encounters, respectively). In general, there was a bimodal pattern with a clear dip in sleep-related health care utilization in young adults age (age 19-29 years), with the exception of insomnia. CONCLUSIONS Patients with sleep disorders show relatively low health care utilization despite a known high prevalence of sleep disorders in the general population. This finding may highlight under-recognition of sleep problems or decreased access to health care for sleep disorders. In addition, this study highlights the effect of age-based variation on different sleep disorders, which may have an impact on allocating resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baha Al-Shawwa
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri.,University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Earl Glynn
- Research Informatics, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mark A Hoffman
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri.,Research Informatics, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Zarmina Ehsan
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri.,University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - David G Ingram
- Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri.,University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
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Baukienė E, Jusienė R. Associations among Toddlers’ and Preschoolers’ Sleep Problems, Emotional Reactivity, Sleep Regime and Parental Applied Rules for Screen-Based Media Use. PSICHOLOGIJA 2021. [DOI: 10.15388/psichol.2020.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Children’s sleep problems are associated with temperament. One of the dimensions of temperament – higher emotional reactivity – is defined as a risk factor for children’s emotional, behavioral, and sleep problems. Screen-based media use is a very common phenomenon among children that relates to sleep problems. Still there is a gap of research explaining the interactions between children’s sleep problems, temperament, and parental discipline (sleep regime and rules for screen-based media use). The aim of this study is to evaluate the relations between preschool children’s sleep problems and parents’ discipline (sleep regime and rules for screen-based media use), and the role of children’s emotional reactivity. Methods. This research is a part of the longitudinal study “Electronic Media Use and Young Children’s Health” conducted in the year 2017–2018 and funded by the Research Council of Lithuanian (agreement no. GER-006/2017). Participants are 876 children aged 2 to 5 years old and their parents. Children’s sleep problems and emotional reactivity were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/1½-5). Information about rules for screen-based media use and sleep regime was obtained using the parent-report questionnaire. Results. Sleep problems are related to emotional reactivity, sleep regime, and rules for screen media use. Children without regular sleep regime and without constant rules for screen-based media use have higher sleep problems and emotional reactivity. The results of the regression analysis show that emotional reactivity, together with sleep regime and rules for screen-based media use, significantly explain one-fifth to one-third of children’s sleep problems at different ages of the preschool period. However, the prognostic value of emotional reactivity and parental discipline varies according to a child’s age, as they are significant predictors of sleep problems among two, three and four-year-olds, but no longer explain sleep problems of five-year-olds. The path analysis confirmed that emotional reactivity, directly and through mediating variables, e.g., parental reported child’s sleep regime and rules for screen-based media use, is significantly associated with children’s sleep problems. Conclusions. Emotional reactivity should be considered as a significant risk factor in the relation between children’s sleep problems, sleep regime and parental applied rules for screen-based media use. These results are important while identifying children at higher risk for sleep problems. The results also support that parental discipline, such as sleep regime and rules for screen-based media use, are significant for preventing sleep problems in children with higher emotional reactivity.
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Newton AT, Honaker SM, Reid GJ. Risk and protective factors and processes for behavioral sleep problems among preschool and early school-aged children: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 52:101303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Melegari MG, Sette S, Vittori E, Mallia L, Devoto A, Lucidi F, Ferri R, Bruni O. Relations Between Sleep and Temperament in Preschool Children With ADHD. J Atten Disord 2020; 24:535-544. [PMID: 29468918 DOI: 10.1177/1087054718757645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the links between temperament and sleep in a group of preschoolers with ADHD. Method: Twenty-five ADHD (M = 5.37 years, SD = 1.09) and 22 typically developing (TD; M = 5.10, SD = 1.18) preschoolers participated in the study. Sleep was assessed with the Sleep Disturbance Scale and wrist actigraphy. The Preschool Temperament and Character Inventory (PsTCI) was used to evaluate the child temperament. Results: ADHD children showed a temperamental profile characterized by higher novelty seeking, lower persistence, self-directness, and cooperativeness and marginally lower harm avoidance (HA) compared with controls. HA was associated negatively to wakefulness after sleep onset and sleep fragmentation and positively with sleep efficiency and sleep time. Reward dependence was negatively associated with wake episode length. Conclusion: Sleep and temperament are correlated in preschoolers with ADHD and temperament might represent an intermediate endophenotype underlying the relation between ADHD and sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Vittori
- Centro Ricerca e Cura Balbuzie e disturbi della voce e del linguaggio, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Raffaele Ferri
- Oasi Institute (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a carattere scientifico), Troina, Italy
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Caldwell BA, Ordway MR, Sadler LS, Redeker NS. Parent Perspectives on Sleep and Sleep Habits Among Young Children Living With Economic Adversity. J Pediatr Health Care 2020; 34:10-22. [PMID: 31477491 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the perspectives of ethnically diverse, low-income parents of young children regarding sleep, sleep habits, and preferences for sleep promotion for themselves and their children. METHOD We recruited a sample of mothers who had a 15- to 60-month-old child enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutritional Program for Women, Infants and Children in a Northeastern U.S. city. We used a convergent mixed-methods design to conduct semistructured interviews and questionnaires to measure parent sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), sleep apnea (Berlin Apnea Questionnaire), mood (Centers for Epidemiological Studies of Depression), children's sleep (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire), and behavior (Child Behavior Checklist). RESULTS Thirty-two mothers (M age = 30.97 [SD 6.34] years; n = 21 [65%] African American) and children (N = 14 [44% female]; M age =38 [SD 12.63] months) participated. Children's average sleep duration was 10 hr, which is below the recommendation for this age group; overall sleep difficulty was high despite most mothers reporting that their children had normal sleep. Five children had abnormal Child Behavior Checklist scores, suggesting internalizing and externalizing behaviors. More than half of the mothers had poor sleep quality and 24 (75%) were at high risk for sleep apnea. Mothers viewed sleep as important for themselves and their children and identified both effective and ineffective practices to promote sleep, including practices learned from their own families. CONCLUSIONS Ethnically diverse mothers who are living with economic adversity value sleep for themselves and their children. The high value placed on sleep, despite misconceptions about normal sleep, suggest opportunities to promote sleep interventions. The content and delivery methods should be tailored to their knowledge, preferences, and cultural practices.
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Muller D, Paine SJ, Wu LJ, Signal TL. "Their Sleep Means More Harmony": Maternal Perspectives and Experiences of Preschoolers' Sleep in Ethnically and Socioeconomically Diverse Families in Aotearoa/New Zealand. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2019; 29:2023-2034. [PMID: 30973062 DOI: 10.1177/1049732319842156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Viewing sleep through a socioecological lens, maternal perceptions, and experiences of preschoolers' sleep were explored using semistructured interviews with 15 Māori (indigenous) and 16 non-Māori mothers, with low- and high socioeconomic position. Thematic analysis identified four themes: child happiness and health, maternal well-being, comfort and connection, and family functioning and harmony. Mothers perceived healthy preschooler sleep as supporting children's mental and physical health, parents' sleep/wake functioning, family social cohesion and emotional connectedness, and poor preschooler sleep as negatively influencing child, maternal and family well-being. Although many experiences were shared, some perceptions of sleep and sleep practices differed between mothers. Influences included health paradigms, socioeconomic circumstances, maternal autonomy, employment, parenting approaches, and societal expectations. Healthy preschooler sleep is valued by mothers and may play a protective role in family health and resilience. Preschooler sleep initiatives need to be responsive to maternal perspectives and address societal drivers of sleep experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lora J Wu
- Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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21
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Fischer JT, Hannay HJ, Alfano CA, Swank PR, Ewing-Cobbs L. Sleep disturbances and internalizing behavior problems following pediatric traumatic injury. Neuropsychology 2019. [PMID: 29528681 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This prospective longitudinal study investigated sleep disturbance (SD) and internalizing problems after traumatic injury, including traumatic brain injury (TBI) or extracranial/bodily injury (EI) in children and adolescents, relative to typically developing (TD) children. We also examined longitudinal relations between SD and internalizing problems postinjury. METHOD Participants (N = 87) ages 8-15 included youth with TBI, EI, and TD children. Injury groups were recruited from a Level 1 trauma center after sustaining vehicle-related injuries. Parent-reported SD and internalizing problems were assessed at preinjury/baseline, and 6 and 12 months postinjury. Linear mixed models evaluated the relation of group and time of assessment on outcomes. RESULTS Controlling for age, the combined traumatic injury group experienced significantly higher postinjury levels of SD (p = .042) and internalizing problems (p = .024) than TD children; however, TBI and EI injury groups did not differ from each other. Injury severity was positively associated with SD in the EI group only, but in both groups SD was associated with additional postinjury sequelae, including fatigue and externalizing behavior problems. Internalizing problems predicted subsequent development of SD but not vice versa. The relation between injury and SD 1 year later was consistent with mediation by internalizing problems at 6 months postinjury. CONCLUSIONS Children with both types of traumatic injury demonstrated higher SD and internalizing problems than healthy children. Internalizing problems occurring either prior to or following pediatric injury may be a risk factor for posttraumatic SD. Consequently, internalizing problems may be a promising target of intervention to improve both SD and related adjustment concerns. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Julia Hannay
- Texas Institute For Measurement, Evaluation, And Statistics, University of Houston
| | | | - Paul R Swank
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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22
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What does sleep hygiene have to offer children's sleep problems? Paediatr Respir Rev 2019; 31:64-74. [PMID: 31076381 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sleep hygiene practices have been described extensively in the literature. There is considerably less clarity about relationships between particular elements of sleep hygiene and particular sleep outcomes, and which intervention approaches using sleep hygiene principles are effective. In this review, we describe themes extracted from a systematic review of the sleep hygiene literature. We systematically searched Psycinfo, CINAHL, Cochrane, Ovid Medline, Embase, and Web of Science Search Engines up to August, 2017. We included all studies that associated sleep hygiene (behaviors adjacent to bedtime and during the night) with sleep duration and/or sleep onset latency and/or night waking or that used sleep-hygiene based interventions to improve sleep duration and/or sleep onset latency and/or night waking (n = 44). We organized our findings into themes by age group, sleep hygiene factors, and interventions. We provide evidence-based recommendations about areas of sleep hygiene that have significant empirical support and those that require urgent attention.
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Osborne JM, Blunden S. Evaluating Accessible Sleep Health Information in Rural and Urban Contexts: Delivery Face-to-Face or Online? CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-PEDIATRICS 2018; 12:1179556518815168. [PMID: 30574004 PMCID: PMC6295703 DOI: 10.1177/1179556518815168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective New parents need education about infant sleep but is not universally available especially not in regional and rural areas. We delivered sleep education both face-to-face and online to test sleep knowledge acquisition for parents wherever they reside. Best practice delivery of accessible sleep health information for new families needs to be investigated more carefully in order for specialist services to be universally available. Methods Pre- and post-information session questionnaires (n = 32) assessed levels of knowledge acquisition and comparisons tested differences between face-to-face seminars compared with an online webinar. Results Sleep knowledge across participants was low (69% scoring < 50%). Sleep knowledge significantly increased for both the webinar delivery group (P = .002) and face-to-face delivery group (P = .001). No significant differences in knowledge acquisition were found between face-to-face vs online delivery (P = .170), suggesting both modes of delivery were sufficient to improve parental sleep knowledge. Conclusions Parental sleep knowledge, while low, increased with education. Online delivery was similar to face-to-face delivery suggesting ease of access for rural and remote communities needing specialist sleep information. Implications for public health Information delivered online is effective and offers a health delivery solution to regional and remote parents unable to access sleep services and rendering sleep service accessibility more equitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Osborne
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Blunden
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Okamoto-Mizuno K, Mizuno K, Tanabe M, Niwano K. Effects of the environment of a simulated shelter in a gymnasium on sleep in children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2018; 62:2015-2023. [PMID: 30187236 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-1608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Effects of the environment of a simulated shelter in a gymnasium on sleep were investigated in 20 healthy school-aged children. Measurements were obtained during a one-night stay in a school gymnasium during the summer (C). Activity levels were monitored using a wrist actigraph, and temperature and humidity of the bedrooms in the subjects' homes were monitored from 3 days before to 3 days after C. The subjects were asked to provide information regarding subjective sleep estimations and thermal sensations. The results for the days before C (BC), C, the first day after C (A1), and the second day after C (A2) were compared. The bedroom temperature was significantly lower on BC than on the other nights. No significant difference was observed in bedtime, whereas wake-up time was significantly earlier on C and later on A1 than on the other nights. Total sleep time was significantly decreased on C (3.6 h) and increased on A1 when compared to the other nights. Daytime nap was significantly increased on A1 when compared to the other days. Subjective estimation of sleep quality was decreased and sweat sensation before sleep was increased on C when compared to the other nights. The main reason for sleep disturbances on C was heat. These results indicate that the environment of the simulated shelter in the gymnasium severely disturbed sleep in children. The resulting loss of sleep was compensated for by increased nocturnal sleep time and daytime napping on the next day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Okamoto-Mizuno
- Kansei Fukushi Research Center, Tohoku Fukushi University, 6-149-1 Kunimigaoka, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 989-3201, Japan.
| | - Koh Mizuno
- Faculty of Education, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8522, Japan
| | - Motoko Tanabe
- Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 6-149-1 Kunimigaoka, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 989-3201, Japan
| | - Katsuko Niwano
- Faculty of Education, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8522, Japan
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Smith JP, Hardy ST, Hale LE, Gazmararian JA. Racial disparities and sleep among preschool aged children: a systematic review. Sleep Health 2018; 5:49-57. [PMID: 30670165 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disorders and sleep insufficiency are common among preschool-aged children. Studies among school-aged children show disordered sleep is often more prevalent among racial minority groups. The primary aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise empirical data to elucidate the relationship between race and key sleep variables among children aged 2 to 5 years old. By systematically searching PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases, we identified empirical research articles conducted in the United States that investigate this relationship. We searched for variables relevant to (1) insufficient sleep duration, (2) poor sleep quality, (3) irregular timing of sleep, including sleep/wake problems and irregular bedtime onset and wake times (4) and sleep/circadian disorders. Nine studies satisfied the criteria for inclusion: five investigated nocturnal sleep duration, five investigated bedtime-related variables, four investigated daytime sleep (napping), three investigated total sleep, two investigated sleep quality, and one investigated wake times. Four studies specifically addressed racial and demographic differences in sleep variables as the primary aim, while the remaining five contained analyses addressing racial and demographic differences in sleep as secondary aims. Non-Hispanic white, white, or European-American race was used as the reference category in all studies. The results provided consistent evidence that white, non-Hispanic children were more likely to go to bed earlier and more regularly, have longer nocturnal sleep, and nap less than most racial and ethnic minorities. Combined, this literature presents a compelling narrative implicating race as an important factor in sleep patterns among a preschool age population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322.
| | - Shakia T Hardy
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Lauren E Hale
- Department of Family, Population, and Preventative Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8338
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Todero SRB, Cavalcante-Leão BL, Fraiz FC, Rebellato NLB, Ferreira FM. The association of childhood sleep problems with the prevalence of traumatic dental injury in schoolchildren. Dent Traumatol 2018; 35:41-47. [PMID: 30300474 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Sleep quality exerts an influence on attention level and motor skills and is associated with accidental injuries in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between traumatic dental injury and sleep behaviour in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a small city in southern Brazil with a representative sample of schoolchildren aged 8-10 years (n = 537). Weight and height were measured, and examinations were performed for the determination of clinical occlusion and traumatic dental injury. The parents answered the Sleep Behaviour Questionnaire and questions addressing socio-demographic characteristics. RESULTS The prevalence of traumatic dental injury was 22% (95% CI: 19-26) and was higher among children who woke three to four times per night (PR = 3.30; 95% CI: 2.47-4.39), those who fell asleep in the parental bed (PR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.09-1.83), those who were not in a good mood on waking up in the morning (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.02-1.65), those who became sleepy while sitting and/or studying (PR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.09-2.24) and while watching TV (PR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.0005-1.97) and those who had bad dreams (PR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.04-1.76). The Poisson multiple regression model with a multilevel approach revealed that the prevalence of traumatic dental injury was 1.51-fold higher among children with daytime drowsiness (PR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.11-2.04) after adjusting for socio-demographic, occlusal and anthropometric variables. CONCLUSION Sleep problems were associated with a higher prevalence of traumatic dental injury among the children analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R B Todero
- Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bianca L Cavalcante-Leão
- Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabian C Fraiz
- Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Nelson L B Rebellato
- Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Ferreira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Kim J, Park Y. Age- and Sex-Related Differences in Sleep Patterns Among Korean Young Children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.7856/kjcls.2018.29.3.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Honaker SM, Schwichtenberg AJ, Kreps TA, Mindell JA. Real-World Implementation of Infant Behavioral Sleep Interventions: Results of a Parental Survey. J Pediatr 2018; 199:106-111.e2. [PMID: 29753539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe parental practices implementing behavioral sleep intervention (BSI) outside a clinical setting. STUDY DESIGN Parents (n = 652), recruited through a Facebook group designed as a peer support group for parents using BSI, completed an online survey about their experience using BSI with their infant or toddler. RESULTS On average, parents implemented BSI when their infant was 5.6 (±2.77) months. Parents most often used modified (49.5%) or unmodified extinction (34.9%), with fewer using a parental presence approach (15.6%). Regardless of BSI type, more parents endorsed "a great deal of stress" during the first night (42.2%) than 1 week later (5.2%). The duration of infant crying was typically greatest the first night (reported by 45%; M = 43 minutes) and was significantly reduced after 1 week (M = 8.54 minutes). Successful implementation of BSI on the first attempt was reported by 83%, with a median and mode of 7 days until completion (79% by 2 weeks). Regardless of BSI type, after intervention parents reported their infant had less difficulty falling asleep, fewer night awakenings, and were more likely to sleep in their room and/or in their own crib/bed. CONCLUSIONS The majority of parents report successfully implementing BSI, with significantly reduced infant crying by the end of 1 week and success within 2 weeks. Few differences were found between behavioral approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Honaker
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
| | - Amy J Schwichtenberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN
| | - Tamar A Kreps
- David Eccles School of Business, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jodi A Mindell
- Department of Psychology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pediatrics, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA
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Liu J, Wang G, Ji X, Cui N, Liu X. Agreement between parent-reports and child self-reports of sleep problems in Chinese children. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2018; 16:283-291. [PMID: 37786879 PMCID: PMC10544765 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-018-0152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sleep problems are major concerns for parents, health professionals, and children and youths themselves. For assessing sleep problems, both parent and child reports are important, with each having its unique features. However, little is known about the correlates of the agreement between parent and child self-reports. This study evaluated the agreement between the youth self-report sleep questionnaire (YSRSQ) and the parent-reported children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ) and assessed the associated sociodemographic factors, as well as the underlying discrepancies. The participants included 3143 pairs of Chinese preadolescents (mean age = 11.03, SD = 0.98) and parents. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), daytime sleepiness, and parasomnia were assessed by both the YSRSQ and CSHQ. Significant but low correlations were present between parent report and preadolescent self-report items on SDB problems, daytime sleepiness, and parasomnias. Although the agreement between SDB symptoms and parasomnias was stronger for girls than for boys, the degree of concordance between SDB symptoms and parasomnia increased with preadolescent age, with the highest agreement achieved among preadolescents aged 12 years or older for SDB problems and 11 years or older for parasomnias. Findings underscore the importance of utilizing both parental and preadolescent self-reports in accurately assessing and diagnosing sleep impairment in pediatric samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- University of Pennsylvania Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guanghai Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ji
- University of Pennsylvania Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Delaware School of Nursing, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Naixue Cui
- University of Pennsylvania Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Shandong University School of Nursing, Jinan, China
| | - Xianchen Liu
- Shandong University School of Public Health, Jinan, China
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30
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Wu R, Wang GH, Zhu H, Jiang F, Jiang CL. Sleep Patterns in Chinese Preschool Children: A Population-Based Study. J Clin Sleep Med 2018; 14:533-540. [PMID: 29747723 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This study aimed to (1) provide data on normal sleep patterns in Chinese preschool children, (2) identify cross-cultural differences of sleep patterns among children from China and other countries, (3) estimate the prevalence of sleep duration not meeting the optimal amount, and (4) characterize delayed weekend sleep pattern. METHODS A population-based sample of 1,610 children aged 3-6 years was recruited from 10 cities across China. Parents completed questions about their child's sleep patterns adapted from the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). RESULTS The mean bedtime was 9:31 PM, wake time was 7:27 AM, nighttime sleep duration was 9 hours 30 minutes, daytime sleep duration was 1 hour 31 minutes, and total sleep duration was 11 hours 2 minutes. The children had a shorter nighttime sleep duration but longer daytime naps, resulting in no differences in total sleep duration compared with counterparts predominantly in the west. Of the children, 85.3% met the recommended amount of sleep of 10 to 13 hours, and 10.8% slept fewer than 10 hours. The prevalence of sleep less than 10 hours was higher in older children and children from eastern China. Children went to bed and woke up more than 30 minutes later on weekends than weekdays, accounting for 40.1% and 50%, respectively. Children in western China showed longer delay than children in eastern China (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Age- and region-specific variability of sleep patterns are reported as well as insufficient sleep and delayed weekend sleep pattern in Chinese preschool children. The cross-cultural difference of sleep patterns was in temporal placement rather than sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wu
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, China.,Counseling and Psychological Services Center, East China Normal University, China
| | - Guang-Hai Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Counseling and Psychological Services Center, East China Normal University, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, China
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31
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Forrest CB, Meltzer LJ, Marcus CL, de la Motte A, Kratchman A, Buysse DJ, Pilkonis PA, Becker BD, Bevans KB. Development and validation of the PROMIS Pediatric Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment item banks. Sleep 2018; 41:4931870. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Forrest
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lisa J Meltzer
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Carole L Marcus
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anna de la Motte
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amy Kratchman
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniel J Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Paul A Pilkonis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Brandon D Becker
- Project Performance Site: Applied Clinical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
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Redeker NS, Ordway MR, Banasiak N, Caldwell B, Canapari C, Crowley A, Fenick A, Jeon S, O'Connell M, Sude L, Sadler LS. Community partnership for healthy sleep: Research protocol. Res Nurs Health 2017; 41:19-29. [PMID: 29277901 DOI: 10.1002/nur.21840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Beginning early in life, sleep health, including adequate quality, quantity, and consistent sleep routines, is critical to growth and development, behavior, and mental and physical health. Children who live in economically stressed urban environments are at particular risk for sleep deficiency and its negative consequences. Although efficacious sleep health interventions are available, few address the context of economically stressed urban environments. The purpose of this paper is to describe a two-phase protocol for an ongoing NIH/NINR-funded community-engaged study designed to understand the perspectives of parents, community child care and pediatric health care providers about sleep habits, factors that contribute to sleep and sleep habits, sleep difficulty, and potentially useful sleep promotion strategies among children living in economically stressed urban environments. The social-ecological model guides this study. Phase I employs a convergent mixed-methods design, in which we are conducting semi-structured interviews with parents, childcare providers, and primary health care providers. We are collecting 9 days of objective sleep data (wrist actigraphy) from children who are 6-18 months (n = 15) and 19-36 months of age (n = 15) and parent reports of sleep and sleep-related factors using standard questionnaires. In Phase I, we will use a qualitative descriptive approach to analyze the interview data, and descriptive statistics to analyze the survey and actigraph data. In Phase II, we will use the information to develop a contextually relevant program to promote sleep health. Our long-term goal is to improve sleep health and sleep-related outcomes in these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S Redeker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Yale School of Nursing, West Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | - Craig Canapari
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Ada Fenick
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | - Leslie Sude
- Yale School of Nursing, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lois S Sadler
- Yale School of Nursing, West Haven, Connecticut.,Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, Connecticut
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Chaput JP, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Carson V, Gruber R, Birken CS, MacLean JE, Aubert S, Sampson M, Tremblay MS. Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in the early years (0-4 years). BMC Public Health 2017; 17:855. [PMID: 29219078 PMCID: PMC5773910 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4850-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this systematic review was to examine for the first time the associations between sleep duration and a broad range of health indicators in children aged 0 to 4 years. Methods Electronic databases were searched with no limits on date or study design. Included studies (published in English or French) were peer-reviewed and met the a priori determined population (apparently healthy children aged 1 month to 4.99 years), intervention/exposure/comparator (various sleep durations), and outcome criteria (adiposity, emotional regulation, cognitive development, motor development, growth, cardiometabolic health, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, quality of life/well-being, and risks/injuries). The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. Due to high levels of heterogeneity across studies, narrative syntheses were employed. Results A total of 69 articles/studies (62 unique samples) met inclusion criteria. Data across studies included 148,524 unique participants from 23 countries. The study designs were randomized trials (n = 3), non-randomized interventions (n = 1), longitudinal studies (n = 16), cross-sectional studies (n = 42), or longitudinal studies that also reported cross-sectional analyses (n = 7). Sleep duration was assessed by parental report in 70% of studies (n = 48) and was measured objectively (or both objectively and subjectively) in 30% of studies (n = 21). Overall, shorter sleep duration was associated with higher adiposity (20/31 studies), poorer emotional regulation (13/25 studies), impaired growth (2/2 studies), more screen time (5/5 studies), and higher risk of injuries (2/3 studies). The evidence related to cognitive development, motor development, physical activity, and quality of life/well-being was less clear, with no indicator showing consistent associations. No studies examined the association between sleep duration and cardiometabolic biomarkers in children aged 0 to 4 years. The quality of evidence ranged from “very low” to “high” across study designs and health indicators. Conclusions Despite important limitations in the available evidence, longer sleep duration was generally associated with better body composition, emotional regulation, and growth in children aged 0 to 4 years. Shorter sleep duration was also associated with longer screen time use and more injuries. Better-quality studies with stronger research designs that can provide information on dose-response relationships are needed to inform contemporary sleep duration recommendations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-017-4850-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Casey E Gray
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Veronica J Poitras
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Catherine S Birken
- Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Joanna E MacLean
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Salomé Aubert
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Margaret Sampson
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
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Predictors of Sleep Outcomes Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Preschoolers: Subjective and Objective Assessment of Outcome. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2017; 32:E13-E23. [DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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35
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Sleep problems and injury risk among juveniles: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9813. [PMID: 28852082 PMCID: PMC5575330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the association between sleep problems and injury risk among juveniles. Moreover, the extent of this risk remains largely unexplored. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by our team to determine whether sleep problems increase the incidence of injuries among juveniles. PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies that explored the association between sleep problems and injury risk and have been published before July 2016. Multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled using random-effects models. A total of 10 observational studies involving 73,418 participants were identified. Meta-analysis findings suggested that juveniles with sleep problems held a 1.64 times higher risk of injury than that of juveniles without sleep problems (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.44–1.85). This relationship was also supported by subgroup analyses, which were based on different countries and study designs. The current evidence indicates that sleep problems are significantly associated with injury risk among juveniles. Sleep problems are highly important for young people; hence, sleep researchers and occupational physicians should focus on this aspect. Nevertheless, high-quality and adequately powered observational studies are still needed.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Night awakening is a common concern for parents and professionals in early childhood and a risk factor for child growth and development. This study examined the concurrent and longitudinal associations of night awakening with child health and illness during the first 3 years of life. METHODS Longitudinal data from 1364 infants in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were used in this study. At ages 6, 15, 24, and 36 months, mothers reported on the frequency of their child's night awakening in the past week, overall health, and occurrences of illness. Information on demographic factors, including child sex and ethnicity/race, maternal education, and family income as well as child breastfeeding status was obtained at 1 month. Structural equation modeling, including latent growth curve modeling, was performed. RESULTS Age-related changes in weekly frequency of night awakening and overall child health were characterized by curvilinear patterns between 6 and 36 months. Although more frequent night awakenings were associated with poorer health at 6 months, a faster decline in night awakenings was associated with a slowed health decline over time. Furthermore, more frequent night awakenings were concurrently associated with more occurrences of illness at ages 6, 15, and 24 months. The association between night awakening and illness dissipated by 36 months. CONCLUSION Night awakening is concurrently and longitudinally associated with poorer health and more illnesses in early childhood.
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Muller D, Signal L, Elder D, Gander P. Environmental and behavioural factors associated with school children's sleep in Aotearoa/New Zealand. J Paediatr Child Health 2017; 53:68-74. [PMID: 27586066 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To collect objective and subjective sleep data on 6- to 8-year-old children across the week and to identify factors within the family environment associated with sleep differences. METHODS Data were collected (n = 52) using actigraphy and diaries for 7 consecutive days and nights and a questionnaire incorporating the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire was completed by parents. RESULTS Children's actigraphic sleep periods averaged 10 h on school nights and 9.5 h on non-school nights and parents over-estimated children's sleep compared with actigraphy. One third (37%) of children had potential sleep problems. Children who shared a bedroom (31%) had shorter sleep onset latencies and those who consumed caffeinated drinks (33%) went to sleep and awoke later. Increased screen time was associated with later bedtimes on school nights and children with screens in bedrooms (12%) went to bed later and slept less on school nights, and had higher Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire scores. Children living with a shift-working adult (27%) slept longer on non-school nights and had shorter sleep onset latencies on school nights. CONCLUSIONS It is important to consider children's sleep within the wider family context and to be aware that parents may over-estimate their children's sleep. Simple strategies to promote sleep health in clinical settings or education programmes include regular weekend bedtimes that align with those on school nights, removing technology from bedrooms and minimising caffeine consumption. An awareness of potential sleep differences associated with shift-working adults may ensure children are supported to have consistent sleep routines that promote adequate sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Muller
- Sleep/Wake Research Centre, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Signal
- Sleep/Wake Research Centre, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Dawn Elder
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Philippa Gander
- Sleep/Wake Research Centre, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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Zhabenko O, Austic E, Conroy DA, Ehrlich P, Singh V, Epstein-Ngo Q, Cunningham RM, Walton MA. Substance Use as a Risk Factor for Sleep Problems Among Adolescents Presenting to the Emergency Department. J Addict Med 2016; 10:331-8. [PMID: 27504924 PMCID: PMC5042833 DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine correlates of sleep problems among adolescents. Specifically, to assess the relative strength of associations between sleep problems and dating victimization, reasons for emergency department (ED) visit, depression, unhealthy alcohol use, and other drug use (marijuana, nonmedical use of prescription opioids, stimulants, and tranquilizers). METHODS A total of 1852 adolescents aged 14 to 20 years presenting for care to the University of Michigan Emergency Department, Ann Arbor, Michigan, during 2011-2012, self-administered a computerized health survey. Sleep problems were identified if any of the 4 items on the Sleep Problems Questionnaire were rated by a patient as greater than 3 on a 0 to 5 scale. Adolescents who were too sick to be screened in the ED were eligible to participate in the study during their inpatient stay. Exclusion criteria for baseline included insufficient cognitive orientation precluding informed consent, not having parent/guardian present if younger than 18 years, medical severity precluding participation, active suicidal/homicidal ideation, non-English-speaking, deaf/visually impaired, or already participated in this study on a prior visit. RESULTS 23.5% of adolescents reported clinically significant sleep problems. Female gender, depression, dating victimization, tobacco use, nonmedical use of prescription medication, and an ED visit for medical reasons were each associated with sleep problems among adolescents, even while controlling for age, other types of drug use, receiving public assistance, and dropping out of school. CONCLUSIONS These exploratory findings indicate that ED-based screening and brief intervention approaches addressing substance use and/or dating victimization may need to account for previously undiagnosed sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Zhabenko
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social and Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Ukraine
| | - Elizabeth Austic
- University of Michigan Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, USA
| | - Deirdre A. Conroy
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Research Center, University of Michigan
| | - Peter Ehrlich
- University of Michigan Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Vijay Singh
- University of Michigan Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Quyen Epstein-Ngo
- University of Michigan Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, USA
- University of Michigan Institute for Research on Women and Gender, USA
| | - Rebecca M. Cunningham
- University of Michigan Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Maureen A. Walton
- University of Michigan Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Research Center, University of Michigan
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39
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Tan Y, Ma D, Chen Y, Cheng F, Liu X, Li L. Relationships between Sleep Behaviors and Unintentional Injury in Southern Chinese School-Aged Children: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:12999-3015. [PMID: 26501305 PMCID: PMC4627013 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121012999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between sleep behaviors and injury occurrence among Chinese school-aged children. Data were collected with self-administered questionnaires of a cross-sectional survey which covered the school-aged children from southeastern Chinese urban and rural areas in April 2010. Information was collected on unintentional injury in the past year, sleep duration, napping and daytime fatigue, sleeping pill use, and social-demographic variables. Multivariable logistic regression analyses, controlling for confounding factors, were conducted to assess sleep-related variables that were associated with injuries. Students who slept for less than 8 h had a 30% increased risk of injury (OR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.01-1.69) compared with those who slept for 8-9 h. Lack of napping, snoring and use of sleeping pills were significantly associated with injury. Among different genders, the slight difference in sleep behaviors predicted the occurrence of injury. Rural children displayed more sleep behaviors associated with injury than urban children. The sleep behaviors of primary school students were more negatively correlated with injury occurrence than junior/senior high school children. Consideration should be given to the prevention of problematic sleep behaviors as a potential risk factor in order to decrease injury rates and promote the health of school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Tan
- Center for Injury Prevention Research, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Di Ma
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Center for Injury Prevention Research, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Fuyuan Cheng
- Center for Injury Prevention Research, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Xiangxiang Liu
- Center for Injury Prevention Research, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Liping Li
- Center for Injury Prevention Research, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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Kim SY, Sim S, Kim SG, Choi HG. Sleep Deprivation Is Associated with Bicycle Accidents and Slip and Fall Injuries in Korean Adolescents. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135753. [PMID: 26280345 PMCID: PMC4539229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study sought to evaluate associations between sleep time and bicycle accidents, falls under various circumstances, and dental injuries in adolescents. Methods A total of 61,696 participants ranging from 12 to 18 years of age who completed the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS) in 2013 were enrolled in this study. Bicycle riding accidents were analyzed for 17,232 bicycle-riding participants. Data were collected regarding the weekday sleep duration for the most recent 7 days, which was categorized as < 5.5 h, 5.5–6.5 h, 6.5–7.5 h, or ≥ 7.5 h per day, and the incidence of bicycle accidents, slips and falls under various circumstances, and dental injuries in the most recent 12 months. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated among sleep groups for bicycle accidents, slips and falls, and dental injuries using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling. Results Bicycle riding accidents and slips and falls in classrooms, corridors, the ground, toilets, stairs, and other unspecified situations showed positive correlations with sleep deprivation. Comparisons of groups with ≥ 7.5 h sleep, < 5.5 h, 5.5–6.5 h sleep, and 6.5–7.5 h sleep revealed increased associations with slips and falls under various circumstances. In particular, the aORs were higher in the groups with less sleep (aOR of the 5.5 h group > the 5.5–6.5 h group > the 6.5–7.5 h group). There was no significant relationship between sleep deprivation and dental injury. Conclusions This study demonstrated that sleep deprivation among Korean adolescents was associated with bicycle accidents and falls at home and school. Thus, adequate sleep may be needed to prevent accidents and falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Songyong Sim
- Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Iwadare Y, Kamei Y, Usami M, Ushijima H, Tanaka T, Watanabe K, Kodaira M, Saito K. Behavioral symptoms and sleep problems in children with anxiety disorder. Pediatr Int 2015; 57:690-3. [PMID: 25754117 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are frequently associated with childhood behavioral problems and mental illnesses such as anxiety disorder. To identify promising behavioral targets for pediatric anxiety disorder therapy, we investigated the associations between specific sleep and behavioral problems. METHODS We conducted retrospective reviews of 105 patients aged 4-12 years who met the DSM-IV criteria for primary diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (n = 33), separation anxiety disorder (n = 23), social phobia (n = 21), or obsessive compulsive disorder (n = 28). Sleep problems were evaluated using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and behavioral problems by the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale, Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory (ODBI), and Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children. RESULTS Depressive behavior was weakly correlated with CSHQ subscores for sleep onset delay and night waking but not with total sleep disturbance. Anxiety was correlated with bedtime resistance, night waking, and total sleep disturbance score. Oppositional defiance was correlated with bedtime resistance, daytime sleepiness, sleep onset delay, and most strongly with total sleep disturbance. On multiple regression analysis ODBI score had the strongest positive association with total sleep disturbance and the strongest negative association with total sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS Sleep problems in children with anxiety disorders are closely related to anxiety and oppositional defiant symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Iwadare
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kamei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Center Hopsital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Masahide Usami
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Hirokage Ushijima
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanaka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Kyota Watanabe
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Kohnodai Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Kodaira
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aiiku Hospital, Minato, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Saito
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aiiku Hospital, Minato, Japan
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Abstract
Bedtime problems and night wakings in infants and young children are prevalent, persistent, and associated with a variety of impairments in youth and their families. Assessment strategies include clinical interview, sleep diaries, actigraphy, and subjective measures. A number of treatment approaches with varying degrees of empirical support are available, and several novel strategies have been evaluated in recent years. Appropriate sleep scheduling and a bedtime routine are important components of any treatment program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Morsbach Honaker
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
| | - Lisa J Meltzer
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, G311, Denver, CO 80206.
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43
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Hodge D, Carollo TM, Lewin M, Hoffman CD, Sweeney DP. Sleep patterns in children with and without autism spectrum disorders: developmental comparisons. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2014; 35:1631-1638. [PMID: 24780146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined age-related changes in the sleep of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) compared to age-related changes in the sleep of typically developing (TD) children. Participants were 108 mothers of children with ASD and 108 mothers of TD children. Participants completed a questionnaire on children's overall sleep quality that also tapped specific sleep-domains (i.e., bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep duration, sleep anxiety, night wakings, parasomnias, disordered breathing, daytime sleepiness). Results confirm significantly poorer sleep quantity and quality in children with ASD, particularly children age 6-9 years. Unlike TD children, the sleep problems of children with ASD were unlikely to diminish with age. Our findings suggest that it is important to exam specific domains of sleep as well as overall sleep patterns. Finding of significant age-related interactions suggests that the practice of combining children from wide age-ranges into a single category obfuscates potentially important developmental differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danelle Hodge
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397, United States.
| | - Tanner M Carollo
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397, United States
| | - Michael Lewin
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397, United States
| | - Charles D Hoffman
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397, United States
| | - Dwight P Sweeney
- Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397, United States
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44
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Corkum P, Davidson FD, Tan-MacNeill K, Weiss SK. Sleep in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Sleep Med Clin 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Sneddon P, Peacock GG, Crowley SL. Assessment of sleep problems in preschool aged children: an adaptation of the children's sleep habits questionnaire. Behav Sleep Med 2014; 11:283-96. [PMID: 23394069 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2012.707158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the factor structure of the children's sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ) when used with preschool and toddler age children. Mothers of 105 children ages 2-5 completed the CSHQ, the child behavior checklist (CBCL), and a sleep diary. Internal consistency for the original subscales on the CSHQ ranged from .55 to .82 and factor analysis resulted in four factors that tap into critical aspects of sleep. The concurrent validity of the revised scales of the CSHQ was adequate. Overall the results from this study suggest a revised factor structure may be more appropriate for use with preschool and toddler age children.
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Davis AL, Avis KT, Schwebel DC. The effects of acute sleep restriction on adolescents' pedestrian safety in a virtual environment. J Adolesc Health 2013; 53:785-90. [PMID: 24012066 PMCID: PMC3838462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Over 8,000 American adolescents ages 14-15 years require medical attention owing to pedestrian injury annually. Cognitive factors contributing to pedestrian safety include reaction time, impulsivity, risk taking, attention, and decision making. These characteristics are also influenced by sleep restriction. Experts recommend that adolescents obtain 8.5 hours of uninterrupted sleep each night, but most American adolescents do not. Inadequate sleep may place adolescents at risk for pedestrian injury. METHODS Using a within-subjects design, 55 14- and 15-year-olds engaged in a virtual reality pedestrian environment under two conditions, scheduled a week apart: sleep-restricted (4 hours' sleep the previous night) and adequate sleep (8.5 hours). Sleep was assessed using actigraphy and pedestrian behavior via four outcome measures: time to initiate crossing, time before contact with vehicle while crossing, virtual hits or close calls and attention to traffic (looks left and right). RESULTS While acutely sleep restricted, adolescents took more time to initiate pedestrian crossings, crossed with less time before contact with vehicles, experienced more virtual hits or close calls, and looked left and right more often compared with when adequately rested. Results were maintained after controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, and average total sleep duration before each condition. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent pedestrian behavior in the simulated virtual environment was markedly different, and generally more risky, when acutely sleep restricted compared with adequately rested. Inadequate sleep may influence cognitive functioning to the extent that pedestrian safety is jeopardized among adolescents capable of crossing streets safely when rested. Policy decisions might be educated by these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L. Davis
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychology
| | - Kristin T. Avis
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pediatrics
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The Association between Sleep and Injury among School-Aged Children in Iran. SLEEP DISORDERS 2013; 2013:891090. [PMID: 24163774 PMCID: PMC3791572 DOI: 10.1155/2013/891090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background. A good night's sleep plays a key role in diseases resistance, injury prevention, and mood stability. The objective of this study was to examine relationship between sleep problems and accidental injury occurrences in school-aged children. Method. A retrospective study was conducted for comparing two groups of children. Children who have experienced injuries for at least two times during an academic year are the participants in the injury group (IG) and those who have not experienced any kind of injuries are placed in the noninjury group (NIG). Data was collected through parent-reported sleep patterns and problems using Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Findings. The findings showed that global sleep problems were more in the IG than in the NIG. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the daytime sleepiness and sleep duration are the two major reasons for accidental injury. In addition, significant difference was seen between the sleep patterns of the two groups. Sleep duration was also shorter in the IG, and this group had a greater percentage (63% versus 41.1%) of “short sleepers” (<9 h). Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between injury occurrence and sleep problems and sleep duration in Iranian school-aged children.
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Abstract
Abstract
Developmental disorders in children are common. Associated demanding co-morbidities that include sleep problems are prevalent in this group. In turn, these are linked to daytime performance issues, reduced developmental and academic growth, and considerable familial psychopathology. Behavioral modification measures are and should be the first line approach to management. Medications for sleep disorders have an important role in addition to behavioral modification therapy. This literature review looks into the occurrence and severity of sleep problems in children with developmental disorders. The probable advantages of using medications, mainly focusing on the neurohormone melatonin (a sleep inducer), are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oneza Ahmareen
- Midland Regional Hospital-Pediatrics, Mullingar, Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Elaine Neary
- Midland Regional Hospital-Pediatrics, Mullingar, Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Farhana Sharif
- Midland Regional Hospital-Pediatrics, Mullingar, Westmeath, Ireland
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Firouzi S, Bee Koon P, Noor MI, Sadeghilar A. Sleep pattern and sleep disorders among a sample of Malaysian children. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/sbr.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Poh Bee Koon
- Nutritional Sciences Programme; School of Healthcare Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ismail Noor
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Health Sciences; MARA University of Technology; Puncak Alam; Malaysia
| | - Aidin Sadeghilar
- International Medical School; Management and Science University; Shah Alam; Malaysia
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Simpson J, Fougere G, McGee R. A wicked problem: early childhood safety in the dynamic, interactive environment of home. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:1647-64. [PMID: 23615453 PMCID: PMC3709340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10051647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Young children being injured at home is a perennial problem. When parents of young children and family workers discussed what influenced parents' perceptions and responses to child injury risk at home, both "upstream" and "downstream" causal factors were identified. Among the former, complex and interactive facets of society and contemporary living emerged as potentially critical features. The "wicked problems" model arose from the need to find resolutions for complex problems in multidimensional environments and it proved a useful analogy for child injury. Designing dynamic strategies to provide resolutions to childhood injury, may address our over-dependence on 'tame solutions' that only deal with physical cause-and-effect relationships and which cannot address the complex interactive contexts in which young children are often injured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Simpson
- Injury Prevention Research Unit, Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Geoff Fougere
- Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington 6021, New Zealand; E-Mail:
| | - Rob McGee
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; E-Mail:
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