1
|
Zhou XR, Wang XY, Sun YM, Zhang C, Liu KJ, Zhang FY, Xiang B. Glycyrrhizin Protects Submandibular Gland Against Radiation Damage by Enhancing Antioxidant Defense and Preserving Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38069572 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Aims: Radiotherapy inevitably causes radiation damage to the salivary glands (SGs) in patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs). Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and imbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis are serious consequences of ionizing radiation in SGs; however, there are few mitochondria-targeting therapeutic approaches. Glycyrrhizin is the main extract of licorice root and exhibits antioxidant activity to relieve mitochondrial damage in certain oxidative stress conditions. Herein, the effects of glycyrrhizin on irradiated submandibular glands (SMGs) and the related mechanisms were investigated. Results: Glycyrrhizin reduced radiation damage in rat SMGs at both the cell and tissue levels, and promoted saliva secretion in irradiated SMGs. Glycyrrhizin significantly downregulated high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) and toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). Moreover, glycyrrhizin significantly suppressed the increases in malondialdehyde and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels; elevated the activity of some critical antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione (GSH); and increased the GSH/GSSG ratio in irradiated cells. Importantly, glycyrrhizin effectively enhanced thioredoxin-2 levels and scavenged mitochondrial ROS, inhibited the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential, improved adenosine triphosphate synthesis, preserved the mitochondrial ultrastructure, activated the proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α)/nuclear respiratory factor 1/2 (NRF1/2)/mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) signaling pathway, and inhibited mitochondria-related apoptosis in irradiated SMG cells and tissues. Innovation: Radiotherapy causes radiation sialadenitis in HNC patients. Our data suggest that glycyrrhizin could be a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant for the prevention of radiation damage in SGs. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that glycyrrhizin protects SMGs from radiation damage by downregulating HMGB1/TLR5 signaling, maintaining intracellular redox balance, eliminating mitochondrial ROS, preserving mitochondrial homeostasis, and inhibiting apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ru Zhou
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Dalian, China
| | - Xin-Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Dalian, China
| | - Yue-Mei Sun
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Dalian, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Dalian, China
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Fu-Yin Zhang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Disease, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Li C, Shao Q, Meng S, Wang X, Kong T, Li Y. Antioxidant monoammonium glycyrrhizinate alleviates damage from oxidative stress in perinatal cows. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:475-484. [PMID: 35989475 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant capability of dietary supplementation with monoammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG) in perinatal cows. Glycyrrhizic acid has been shown to have strong antioxidant activity and we hypothesised that the aglycone of glycyrrhizin and MAG, could reduce damage from oxidative stress in perinatal cows by enhancing antioxidant capacity. Blood and milk samples were collected from three groups of healthy perinatal cows that were similar in body weight, parity, milk yield in the last milk cycle, etc., receiving dietary MAG supplementation ([Day 0 = parturition]: 0 g/day, [n = 13)] 3 g/day [n = 13] or 6 g/day [n = 11]) from -28 to 56 day (0 day = parturition). Compared with 0 g/day controls (CON), milk fat was significantly decreased in cows fed with MAG, and 3 g/day had the greatest effect. A diet containing 3 g/day MAG decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level compared with CON at -7 day post-partum. ALT was also lower at 5 day post-partum in cows fed with 3 g/day MAG compared to 6 g/day. The administration of 3 g/day and 6 g/day MAG decreased serum aspartate transaminase (AST) at 3 day post-partum. Supplementation of MAG in cows increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum, and cows given 3 g MAG per day had higher T-AOC than controls on post-partum 7 day. At the end of the experiment, we isolated and cultured primary hepatocytes to determine the effect of MAG on oxidative stress caused by incubation with the sodium oleate (SO). SO increased lipid synthesis, but pre-treatment with MAG prevented the fatty buildup. SO treatment increased AST and ALT levels and malondialdehyde concentration, but decreased T-AOC and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Incubation with MAG increased antioxidant capacity and inhibited oxidant damage in bovine hepatocytes. SO stimulated expression of the antioxidant genes, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) and SOD1, in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway, and catalase 1 (CAT1); this increase was accentuated by MAG pre-treatment. The results suggest that MAG can alleviate the damage caused by oxidative stress in perinatal cows by enhancing antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chenxu Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qi Shao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Sudan Meng
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Tao Kong
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Heifei, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jit BP, Pattnaik S, Arya R, Dash R, Sahoo SS, Pradhan B, Bhuyan PP, Behera PK, Jena M, Sharma A, Agrawala PK, Behera RK. Phytochemicals: A potential next generation agent for radioprotection. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154188. [PMID: 36029645 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation hazards are accountable for extensive damage in the biological system and acts as a public health burden. Owing to the rapid increasing in radiation technology, both Ionizing radiation (IR) from natural and man made source poses detrimental outcome to public health. IR releases free radicals which induces oxidative stress and deleterious biological damage by modulating radiation induced signalling intermediates. The efficacy of existing therapeutic approach and treatment strategy are limited owing to their toxicity and associated side effects. Indian system of traditional medicine is enriched with prospective phytochemicals with potential radioprotection ability. PURPOSE The present review elucidated and summarized the potential role of plant derived novel chemical compound with prospective radioprotective potential. METHOD So far as the traditional system of Indian medicine is concerned, plant kingdom is enriched with potential bioactive molecules with diverse pharmacological activities. We reviewed several compounds mostly secondary metabolites from plant origin using various search engines. RESULTS Both compounds from land plants and marine source exhibited antioxidant antiinflammatory, free radical scavenging ability. These compounds have tremendous potential in fine-tuning of several signalling intermediates, which are actively participated in the progression and development of a pathological condition associated with radiation stress. CONCLUSION Development and explore of an operational radioprotective agent from originated from plant source that can be used as a novel molecular tool to eliminate the widespread damage caused by space exploration, ionizing radiation, nuclear war and radiotherapy has been significantly appreciated. Through extensive literature search we highlighted several compounds from both land plant and marine origin can be implemented for a better therapeutic potential against radiation induced injury. Furthermore, extensive clinical trials must be carried out in near future for better therapeutic modality and clinical efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bimal Prasad Jit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India; School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768019, India
| | - Subhaswaraj Pattnaik
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha 768019, India
| | - Rakesh Arya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India; School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla 768019, India
| | - Rutumbara Dash
- Departement of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | | | - Biswajita Pradhan
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, Odisha 760007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Prajna Paramita Bhuyan
- Department of Botany, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada, Odisha 757003, India
| | - Pradyota Kumar Behera
- Department of Chemistry, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, Odisha 760007, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, Odisha 760007, India
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Paban Kumar Agrawala
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science, Defence Research and Development Organization, New Delhi 110054, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ageeva AA, Kruppa AI, Magin IM, Babenko SV, Leshina TV, Polyakov NE. New Aspects of the Antioxidant Activity of Glycyrrhizin Revealed by the CIDNP Technique. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081591. [PMID: 36009310 PMCID: PMC9405345 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electron transfer plays a crucial role in ROS generation in living systems. Molecular oxygen acts as the terminal electron acceptor in the respiratory chains of aerobic organisms. Two main mechanisms of antioxidant defense by exogenous antioxidants are usually considered. The first is the inhibition of ROS generation, and the second is the trapping of free radicals. In the present study, we have elucidated both these mechanisms of antioxidant activity of glycyrrhizin (GL), the main active component of licorice root, using the chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) technique. First, it was shown that GL is capable of capturing a solvated electron, thereby preventing its capture by molecular oxygen. Second, we studied the effect of glycyrrhizin on the behavior of free radicals generated by UV irradiation of xenobiotic, NSAID—naproxen in solution. The structure of the glycyrrhizin paramagnetic intermediates formed after the capture of a solvated electron was established from a photo-CIDNP study of the model system—the dianion of 5-sulfosalicylic acid and DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra A. Ageeva
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander I. Kruppa
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ilya M. Magin
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Simon V. Babenko
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- International Tomography Center, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana V. Leshina
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay E. Polyakov
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan Y, Tang W, Fan W, Zhang J, Chen X. Development of nanotechnology-mediated precision radiotherapy for anti-metastasis and radioprotection. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9759-9830. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01145f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT), including external beam RT and internal radiation therapy, uses high-energy ionizing radiation to kill tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Wei Tang
- Departments of Pharmacy and Diagnostic Radiology, Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Faculty of Science and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Wenpei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Selyutina O, Babenko SV, Kruppa AI, Leshina T, Polyakov N. Photostabilization of ketoprofen by inclusion in glycyrrhizin micelles and gel nanoparticles. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02553a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ketoprofen (KP) is known to be the most photosensitive among the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and may induce phototoxic and photoallergic reactions. Phototoxic side effects of KP are associated with the...
Collapse
|
7
|
Rehman MU, Farooq A, Ali R, Bashir S, Bashir N, Majeed S, Taifa S, Ahmad SB, Arafah A, Sameer AS, Khan R, Qamar W, Rasool S, Ahmad A. Preclinical Evidence for the Pharmacological Actions of Glycyrrhizic Acid: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 21:436-465. [PMID: 32562521 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200620204914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Family: Fabaceae) is one of the important traditional medicinal plant used extensively in folk medicine. It is known for its ethnopharmacological value in curing a wide variety of ailments. Glycyrrhizin, an active compound of G. glabra, possesses anti-inflammatory activity due to which it is mostly used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment and management of chronic diseases. The present review is focused extensively on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and potential effects of Glycyrrhizic Acid (GA). A thorough literature survey was conducted to identify various studies that reported on the GA on PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Farooq
- RAKCOPS, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras AL Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rayeesa Ali
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, JandK, India
| | - Sana Bashir
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, JandK, India
| | - Nazirah Bashir
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, JandK, India
| | - Samia Majeed
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, JandK, India
| | - Syed Taifa
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, JandK, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shuhama, JandK, India
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aga Syed Sameer
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehan Khan
- Department of Nano-therapeutics, Institute of Nanoscience and Technology (DST-INST), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Wajhul Qamar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saiema Rasool
- Forest Biotech Lab, Department of Forest Mana pgement, Faculty of Forestry, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anas Ahmad
- Department of Nano-therapeutics, Institute of Nanoscience and Technology (DST-INST), Mohali, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Herb-Derived Products: Natural Tools to Delay and Counteract Stem Cell Senescence. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8827038. [PMID: 33101419 PMCID: PMC7568162 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8827038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence plays a very important role in organismal aging increasing with age and in age-related diseases (ARDs). This process involves physiological, structural, biochemical, and molecular changes of cells, leading to a characteristic trait referred to "senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)." In particular, with aging, stem cells (SCs) in situ exhibit a diminished capacity of self-renewal and show a decline in their functionality. The identification of interventions able to prevent the accumulation of senescent SCs in the organism or to pretreat cultured multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) prior to employing them for cell therapy is a main purpose of medical research. Many approaches have been investigated and resulted effective to prevent or counteract SC senescence in humans, as well as other animal models. In this work, we have reviewed the chance of using a number of herb-derived products as novel tools in the treatment of cell senescence, highlighting the efficacy of these agents, often still far from being clearly understood.
Collapse
|
9
|
Proshkina E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Genome-Protecting Compounds as Potential Geroprotectors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4484. [PMID: 32599754 PMCID: PMC7350017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout life, organisms are exposed to various exogenous and endogenous factors that cause DNA damages and somatic mutations provoking genomic instability. At a young age, compensatory mechanisms of genome protection are activated to prevent phenotypic and functional changes. However, the increasing stress and age-related deterioration in the functioning of these mechanisms result in damage accumulation, overcoming the functional threshold. This leads to aging and the development of age-related diseases. There are several ways to counteract these changes: 1) prevention of DNA damage through stimulation of antioxidant and detoxification systems, as well as transition metal chelation; 2) regulation of DNA methylation, chromatin structure, non-coding RNA activity and prevention of nuclear architecture alterations; 3) improving DNA damage response and repair; 4) selective removal of damaged non-functional and senescent cells. In the article, we have reviewed data about the effects of various trace elements, vitamins, polyphenols, terpenes, and other phytochemicals, as well as a number of synthetic pharmacological substances in these ways. Most of the compounds demonstrate the geroprotective potential and increase the lifespan in model organisms. However, their genome-protecting effects are non-selective and often are conditioned by hormesis. Consequently, the development of selective drugs targeting genome protection is an advanced direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xia P, Cao K, Hu X, Liu L, Yu D, Dong S, Du J, Xu Y, Liu B, Yang Y, Gao F, Sun X, Liu H. K ATP Channel Blocker Glibenclamide Prevents Radiation-Induced Lung Injury and Inhibits Radiation-Induced Apoptosis of Vascular Endothelial Cells by Increased Ca 2+ Influx and Subsequent PKC Activation. Radiat Res 2019; 193:171-185. [PMID: 31877256 DOI: 10.1667/rr15381.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common and severe side effect of thoracic radiotherapy, which compromises patients' quality of life. Recent studies revealed that early vascular injury, especially microvascular damage, played a central role in the development of RILI. For this reason, early vascular protection is essential for RILI therapy. The ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel is an ATP-dependent K+ channel with multiple subunits. The protective role of the KATP channel in vascular injury has been demonstrated in some published studies. In this work, we investigated the effect of KATP channel on RILI. Our findings confirmed that the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide, rather than the KATP channel opener pinacidil, remitted RILI, and in particular, provided protection against radiation-induced vascular injury. Cytology experiments verified that glibenclamide enhanced cell viability, increased the potential of proliferation after irradiation and attenuated radiation-induced apoptosis. Involved mechanisms included increased Ca2+ influx and PKC activation, which were induced by glibenclamide pretreatment. In conclusion, the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide remitted RILI and inhibited the radiation-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells by increased Ca2+ influx and subsequent PKC activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penglin Xia
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuguang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danyang Yu
- Ophthalmology Department of Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Suhe Dong
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jicong Du
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyong Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang G, Su Y, Yu J, Li R, Ma S, Niu X, Shi G. Preparation of Electrospun Active Molecular Membrane and Atmospheric Free Radicals Capture. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173037. [PMID: 31438617 PMCID: PMC6749601 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We load the natural active molecules onto the spin film in an array using electrospinning techniques. The electrospun active molecular membranes we obtain in optimal parameters exhibit excellent capacity for scavenging radical. The reaction capacity of three different membranes for free radicals are shown as follow, glycyrrhizin acid membrane > quercetin membrane > α-mangostin membrane. The prepared active molecular electrospun membranes with a large specific surface area and high porosity could increase the interaction area between active molecules and free radicals. Additionally, it also has improved anti-airflow impact strength, anti-contaminant air molecular interference ability, and the ability to capture free radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoying Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Ying Su
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jianglei Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ruihong Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shangrong Ma
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiuli Niu
- Gansu Province Food Inspection Institute, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Gaofeng Shi
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tong X, Cao A, Wang F, Chen X, Xie S, Shen H, Jin X, Li H. Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase Genes in Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Appear to be Involved in Promoting the Biosynthesis of Glycyrrhizic Acid and Flavonoids under Salt Stress. Molecules 2019; 24:E1837. [PMID: 31086079 PMCID: PMC6539831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As calcium signal sensors, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) play vital roles in stimulating the production of secondary metabolites to participate in plant development and response to environmental stress. However, investigations of the Glycyrrhiza uralensis CPK family genes and their multiple functions are rarely reported. In this study, a total of 23 GuCPK genes in G. uralensis were identified, and their phylogenetic relationships, evolutionary characteristics, gene structure, motif distribution, and promoter cis-acting elements were analyzed. Ten GuCPKs showed root-specific preferential expressions, and GuCPKs indicated different expression patterns under treatments of CaCl2 and NaCl. In addition, under 2.5 mM of CaCl2 and 30 mM of NaCl treatments, the diverse, induced expression of GuCPKs and significant accumulations of glycyrrhizic acid and flavonoids suggested the possible important function of GuCPKs in regulating the production of glycyrrhizic acid and flavonoids. Our results provide a genome-wide characterization of CPK family genes in G. uralensis, and serve as a foundation for understanding the potential function and regulatory mechanism of GuCPKs in promoting the biosynthesis of glycyrrhizic acid and flavonoids under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Tong
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Aiping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Shuangquan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Haitao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Xiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Hongbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chigurupati H, Auddy B, Biyani M, Chakrabarti S, Stohs SJ. Prevention of alcohol-induced DNA damage by a proprietary glycyrrhizin/D-mannitol product: A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over human study. Alcohol 2018; 69:33-39. [PMID: 29609113 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of a proprietary combination of glycyrrhizin and D-mannitol to protect against oxidative damage to DNA associated with acute alcohol consumption by human subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over designed study. Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with numerous diseases. Alcohol has been shown to generate reactive oxygen species that can result in DNA damage, leading to genetic and epigenetic changes. METHODS A total of 25 subjects (13 male and 12 female) were enrolled. Alcohol intake in the form of vodka (40% ethanol) was adjusted based on 1.275 g of 100% ethanol/kg body weight for men and 1.020 g/kg body weight for women, which was consumed with and without the study product. Blood samples were drawn at 2 h after alcohol consumption, lymphocytes were isolated, and were subjected to DNA comet electrophoresis on a blinded basis. RESULTS Acute alcohol consumption increased lymphocyte DNA damage by approximately 8.36%. Co-consumption of the glycyrrhizin/D-mannitol study product with alcohol reduced DNA damage to baseline levels. No adverse effects were associated with use of the study product, and no differences were observed in blood alcohol concentrations in the presence or absence of the study product in males and females. CONCLUSIONS Acute alcohol ingestion resulted in measurable increases in DNA damage, which were prevented by the addition of the proprietary glycyrrhizin/D-mannitol (NTX®) study product to the alcohol, suggesting that the tissue-damaging effects of alcohol consumption can be ameliorated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswajit Auddy
- Chigurupati Technologies Private Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish Biyani
- Chigurupati Technologies Private Limited, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Sidney J Stohs
- Creighton University, 7068 Maumee Valley Court, Frisco, TX 75034, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhang J, Chen X, Yang M, Chen T, Hong J. Glycyrrhetinic acid alleviates radiation-induced lung injury in mice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2017; 58:41-47. [PMID: 27672101 PMCID: PMC5321194 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrw091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a common complication of thoracic radiotherapy, but efficacious therapy for RILI is lacking. This study ascertained whether glycyrrhetinic acid (GA; a functional hydrolyzed product of glycyrrhizic acid, which is extracted from herb licorice) can protect against RILI and investigated its relationship to the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smads signaling pathway. C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: a control group, a GA group and two irradiation (IR) groups. IR groups were exposed to a single fraction of X-rays (12 Gy) to the thorax and administered normal saline (IR + NS group) or GA (IR + GA group). Two days and 17 days after irradiation, histologic analyses were performed to assess the degree of lung injury, and the expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad7 was recorded. GA administration mitigated the histologic changes of lung injury 2 days and 17 days after irradiation. Protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, Smad2 and Smad3, and the mRNA level of Smad7, in lung tissue were significantly elevated after irradiation. GA decreased expression of TGF-β1, Smad2 and Smad3 in lung tissue, but did not increase Smad7 expression. GA can protect against early-stage RILI. This protective effect may be associated with inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Weijian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Lurong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jiemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiuying Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Meichun Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Individualized Active Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chigurupati H, Auddy B, Biyani M, Stohs SJ. Hepatoprotective Effects of a Proprietary Glycyrrhizin Product during Alcohol Consumption: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1943-1953. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswajit Auddy
- Chigurupati Technologies Private Limited; Hyderabad India
| | - M. Biyani
- Chigurupati Technologies Private Limited; Hyderabad India
| | - Sidney J. Stohs
- Creighton University; 7068 Maumee Valley Court Frisco TX 75034 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Refahi S, Minaei B, Haddadi GH, Khoei S, Bakhtiarian A, Pourissa M, Takavar A. Histopathological Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Glycyrrhizic Acid as a Radioprotector Against the Development of Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY : A QUARTERLY JOURNAL PUBLISHED BY THE IRANIAN RADIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2016; 13:e21012. [PMID: 27679696 PMCID: PMC5036116 DOI: 10.5812/iranjradiol.21012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy of the thorax often causes lung inflammation leading to fibrosis. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of glycyrrhizic acid (GLA) could improve the development of lung fibrosis in irradiated animals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group A rats received thoracic irradiation. Rats in group B received GLA and irradiation. Group C received GLA and no irradiation. Group D received no GLA and irradiation. GLA was administered at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight using an intraperitoneal injection one hour before thoracic irradiation. Radiation therapy was delivered on a Cobalt-60 unit using a single fraction of 16 Gy. The animals were sacrificed at 32 weeks following thoracic irradiation. The lungs were dissected and blind histopathological evaluation was performed. RESULTS Histopathologically, a decrease (statistically not significant) in the thickening of alveolar or bronchial wall, formation of fibrous bands, and superimposed collagen were noted in the animals in group B as compared to the animals in group A. CONCLUSION In this experimental study, administration of GLA one hour before thoracic irradiation may be a protective agent against radiation-induced fibrosis in animals and this model could be used in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Refahi
- Department of Medical Physics, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Bagher Minaei
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholam Hassan Haddadi
- Department of Radiology, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samideh Khoei
- Department of Medical Physics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Bakhtiarian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Pourissa
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Takavar
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
South Asian Medicinal Compounds as Modulators of Resistance to Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8030032. [PMID: 26959063 PMCID: PMC4810116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a hyperproliferative disorder that involves transformation, dysregulation of apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. During the last 30 years, extensive research has revealed much about the biology of cancer. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the mainstays of cancer treatment, particularly for patients who do not respond to surgical resection. However, cancer treatment with drugs or radiation is seriously limited by chemoresistance and radioresistance. Various approaches and strategies are employed to overcome resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. Many plant-derived phytochemicals have been investigated for their chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. The peoples of South Asian countries such as India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan have a large number of medicinal plants from which they produce various pharmacologically potent secondary metabolites. The medicinal properties of these compounds have been extensively investigated and many of them have been found to sensitize cancer cells to chemo- and radio-therapy. This review focuses on the role of South Asian medicinal compounds in chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties in drug- and radio-resistant cancer cells. Also discussed is the role of South Asian medicinal plants in protecting normal cells from radiation, which may be useful during radiotherapy of tumors to spare surrounding normal cells.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jeena K, Liju VB, Ramanath V, Kuttan R. Protection against Whole Body γ-Irradiation Induced Oxidative Stress and Clastogenic Damage in Mice by Ginger Essential Oil. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:1325-32. [PMID: 27039766 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioprotective effects of ginger essential oil (GEO) on mortality, body weight alteration, hematological parameters, antioxidant status and chromosomal damage were studied in irradiated mice. Regression analysis of survival data in mice exposed to radiation yielded LD50/30 as 7.12 and 10.14 Gy for control (irradiation alone) and experimental (GEO-treated irradiated) mice, respectively, with a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.42. In mice exposed to whole-body gamma-irradiation (6 Gy), GEO pre-treatment at 100 and 500 mg/kg b.wt (orally) significantly ameliorated decreased hematological and immunological parameters. Radiation induced reduction in intestinal tissue antioxidant enzyme levels such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione was also reversed following administration of GEO. Tissue architecture of small intestine which was damaged following irradiation was improved upon administration of GEO. Anticlastogenic effects of GEO were studied by micronuclei assay, chromosomal aberration and alkaline gel electrophoresis assay. GEO significantly decreased the formation of micronuclei, increased the P/N ratio, inhibited the formation of chromosomal aberrations and protected agaisnt cellular DNA damage in bone marrow cells as revealed by comet assay. These results are supportive of use of GEO as a potential radioprotective compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kottarapat Jeena
- Department of Biochemistry, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Thrissur, India E-mail :
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Refahi S, Pourissa M, Zirak MR, Hadadi G. Modulation expression of tumor necrosis factor α in the radiation-induced lung injury by glycyrrhizic acid. J Med Phys 2015; 40:95-101. [PMID: 26170556 PMCID: PMC4478651 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6203.158689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the ability of glycyrrhizic acid (GLA) to reduce the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), release on messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein production in the lungs using GLA in response to irradiation were studied. The animals were divided into four groups: No treatment (NT group), GLA treatment only (GLA group), irradiation only (XRT group), and GLA treatment plus irradiation (GLA/XRT group). Rats were killed at different time points. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the mRNA expression of TNF-α in the lungs (compared with non-irradiated lungs). An enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) assay was used to measure the TNF-α protein level. The TNF-α mRNA expression in the lungs of the XRT rats was clearly higher at all-time points compared to the NT rats. The TNF-α mRNA expression in the lungs of the GLA/XRT rats was lower at all-time points compared to the XRT rats. Release of the TNF-α on protein level in the lungs of the XRT rats increased at all-time points compared to the NT rats. In contrast to the XRT rats, the lungs of the GLA/XRT rats revealed a reduction on TNF-α protein level at 6 h after irradiation. This study has clearly showed the immediate down-regulation of the TNF-α mRNA and protein production in the lungs using GLA in response to irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Refahi
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Masoud Pourissa
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - GholamHassan Hadadi
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Watanabe A, Seno SI, Kogure E, Seki K, Sakamoto T, Okada Y, Shimazu H. Kinetic Study of the Radical Scavenging of Capsaicin in Homogeneous Solutions and Aqueous Triton X-100 Micellar Suspensions. J Food Sci 2015; 80:C577-83. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Watanabe
- Dept. of Physiology, Biological Engineering & Medical Information Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences; Kyorin Univ; 476 Miyashita-cho Hachioji Tokyo 192-8508 Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Seno
- Dept. of Physiology, Biological Engineering & Medical Information Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences; Kyorin Univ; 476 Miyashita-cho Hachioji Tokyo 192-8508 Japan
| | - Eiki Kogure
- Dept. of Physiology, Biological Engineering & Medical Information Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences; Kyorin Univ; 476 Miyashita-cho Hachioji Tokyo 192-8508 Japan
| | - Kensuke Seki
- Dept. of Radiation Safety Management, Faculty of Health Sciences; Kyorin Univ; 476 Miyashita-cho Hachioji Tokyo 192-8508 Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakamoto
- Dept. of Medical Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences; Kyorin Univ; 476 Miyashita-cho Hachioji Tokyo 192-8508 Japan
| | - Youji Okada
- Dept. of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences; Kyorin Univ; 476 Miyashita-cho Hachioji Tokyo 192-8508 Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimazu
- Dept. of Physiology, Biological Engineering & Medical Information Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences; Kyorin Univ; 476 Miyashita-cho Hachioji Tokyo 192-8508 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Botanicals: An alternative remedy to radiotherapy-induced dysuria. Complement Ther Med 2015; 23:90-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
22
|
Pillai TG, Maurya DK, Salvi VP, Janardhanan KK, Nair CKK. Fungal beta glucan protects radiation induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2014; 2:13. [PMID: 25332989 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ganoderma lucidum (Ling Zhi), a basidiomycete white rot macrofungus has been used extensively for therapeutic use in China, Japan, Korea and other Asian countries for 2,000 years. The present study is an attempt to investigate its DNA protecting property in human lymphocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Beta glucan (BG) was isolated by standard procedure and the structure and composition were studied by infrared radiation (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, gel filtration chromatography and paper chromatography. The radioprotective properties of BG isolated from the macro fungi Ganoderma lucidum was assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Human lymphocytes were exposed to 0, 1, 2 and 4 Gy gamma radiation in the presence and absence of BG. RESULTS The comet parameters were reduced by BG. The results indicate that the BG of G. lucidum possessed significant radioprotective activity with DNA repairing ability and antioxidant activity as the suggestive mechanism. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest the potential use of this mushroom for the prevention of radiation induced cellular damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thulasi G Pillai
- 1 Division of Forest Pathology, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur-680 653, Kerala, India ; 2 Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India ; 3 Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amalanagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India ; 4 Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Dharmendra K Maurya
- 1 Division of Forest Pathology, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur-680 653, Kerala, India ; 2 Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India ; 3 Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amalanagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India ; 4 Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Veena P Salvi
- 1 Division of Forest Pathology, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur-680 653, Kerala, India ; 2 Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India ; 3 Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amalanagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India ; 4 Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Krishnankutty K Janardhanan
- 1 Division of Forest Pathology, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur-680 653, Kerala, India ; 2 Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India ; 3 Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amalanagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India ; 4 Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Cherupally K K Nair
- 1 Division of Forest Pathology, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur-680 653, Kerala, India ; 2 Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India ; 3 Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amalanagar, Thrissur, Kerala, India ; 4 Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lin D, Zhong W, Li J, Zhang B, Song G, Hu T. Involvement of BID translocation in glycyrrhetinic acid and 11-deoxy glycyrrhetinic acid-induced attenuation of gastric cancer growth. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:463-73. [PMID: 24547973 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.877498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), the main chemical constituents of licorice, has shown remarkable anticancer activity. However, the side effects limit its widespread use. 11-DOGA is produced through reduction of GA 11-carbonyl to 11-hydroxyl to reduce its side effects, although its anticancer activities are largely unknown. Here, we report that the functional mechanisms of GA and 11-DOGA in gastric cancers, as well as the comparison between these two drugs' pharmacological potential. Firstly, we found that GA and 11-DOGA significantly inhibits the viabilities of gastric cancer cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. Both GA and 11-DOGA induce gastric cancer cells apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2 phase by upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cdc2 and cyclin B1. Further studies show that GA and 11-DOGA-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells is associated with BID translocation from nucleus to mitochondria. Moreover, GA and 11-DOGA could effectively inhibit tumor formation of gastric cancer cells in nude mice. Comparing with 11-DOGA, GA presents higher toxicity toward gastric cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro. Thus, the elucidation of the functional mechanisms of GA and 11-DOGA-induced attenuation of gastric cancer growth suggests a possible therapeutic role of GA and its derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dejian Lin
- a Cancer Research Center, Medical College of Xiamen University , Xiamen , People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cui J, Yang Y, Cheng Y, Gao F, Liu C, Zhou C, Cheng Y, Li B, Cai J. Protective effects of carboxyfullerene in irradiated cells and BALB/c mice. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:301-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.771397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
25
|
Maurya DK, Devasagayam TPA. Ferulic Acid Inhibits Gamma Radiation-Induced DNA Strand Breaks and Enhances the Survival of Mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:51-7. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guo J, Zhang Y, Zeng L, Liu J, Liang J, Guo G. Salvianic acid A protects L-02 cells against γ-irradiation-induced apoptosis via the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 35:117-130. [PMID: 23274418 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Salvianic acid A (SAA) is the main hydrophilic active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, which has long been used to treat liver and heart disease in China. In the present study, we investigated the radioprotective effects of SAA against γ-radiation-induced apoptosis in cultured human embryo liver L-02 cells. The results demonstrated that SAA markedly inhibited γ-radiation induced apoptosis, decreased DNA damage, and increased the intracellular antioxidative ability of the L-02 cells. SAA exhibited radioprotection by decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species, inhibiting the release of mitochondrial cytochrome C, blocking the activation of caspase-3, and down regulating the expression of Bax and P53 and up regulating the expression of Bcl-2. This indicated that SAA pretreatment inhibited the caspase-dependent mitochondria apoptosis pathway. The radioprotection of the SAA pretreatment was also evidenced by an increased survival ratio, maintaining the antioxidant enzyme levels in the liver, inhibition of oxidative stress, and relative low liver and renal toxicity compared with estriol exposure. In conclusion, SAA may be an effective radioprotector against γ-radiation induced apoptosis in L-02 cells and damage in mice, the antioxidant potency of SAA might be correlated with the beneficial radioprotectant effects observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guo
- Department of Radiological Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 17, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Maurya DK, Nair CKK, Devasagayam TPA. A novel microplate-based assay for screening radioprotectors and its validation based on DNA and membrane system. Mutat Res 2012; 749:93-6. [PMID: 22989745 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation leads to damage at various cellular and sub-cellular levels and can be prevented by radioprotectors. There are many in vitro and in vivo but rather expensive assays for screening of radioprotectors from natural and synthetic sources. We have developed a cell free radioprotector screening assay which involves bleaching of crocin pigment, isolated from saffron by radiolytic products of water. Any molecules/compounds which can inhibit the bleaching of the crocin will act as a radioprotector. The developed assay was further validated by the existing in vitro assays. Different radioprotectors have different level for inhibition of bleaching of crocin. The trends of radioprotection offered by crocin bleaching assay, plasmid relaxation and lipid peroxidation are TMG>FA>VA>Amifos>Trox, TMG>VA>FA>Amifos>Trox, and TMG>FA>Trox>VA>Amifos, respectively. We are getting different trends for different assays. This is because different drugs have different mechanisms of radioprotection in different assay systems. In conclusion, the crocin bleaching assay developed here is a simple, fast and economical screening assay and it will have great value in radioprotection programme for screening many potential compounds for radioprotection.
Collapse
|
28
|
Chandrasekharan DK, Nair CKK. Studies on Silver Nanoparticle–Glycyrrhizic Acid Complex as a Radioprotector and an Adjuvant in Radiotherapy Under In Vivo Conditions. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2012; 27:642-51. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
29
|
Kaur P, Sharma N, Singh B, Kumar S, Kaur S. Modulation of genotoxicity of oxidative mutagens by glycyrrhizic acid from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Pharmacognosy Res 2012; 4:189-95. [PMID: 23225961 PMCID: PMC3510870 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.102260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chemopreventive effects of certain phytoconstituents can be exploited for their use as functional foods, dietary supplements and even as drugs. The natural compounds, acting as anti-genotoxic and free radical scavenging compounds, may serve as potent chemopreventive agents. These can inhibit DNA modulatory activities of mutagens and help preventing pathological processes. OBJECTIVES Present study on Glycyrrhiza glabra L., a promising medicinal plant, widely used in traditional medicine, focused on the bioassay-guided fractionation of its extracts for the isolation of certain phytochemicals with anti-genotoxic potential against oxidative mutagens. MATERIALS AND METHODS The methanol extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra rhizomes was subjected to column chromatography, and isolated fraction was evaluated for its anti-genotoxic and antioxidant potential using SOS chromotest, Comet assay, and DPPH radical scavenging assay. RESULTS GLG fraction, which was characterized as Glycyrrhizic acid, inhibited the genotoxicity of oxidative mutagens viz., H(2)O(2) and 4NQOquite efficiently. In SOS chromotest, using E.coli PQ37 tester strain, it inhibited induction factor induced by H(2)O(2) and 4NQO by 75.54% and 71.69% at the concentration of 121.46 μM,respectively. In Comet assay, it reduced the tail moment induced by H(2)O(2) and 4NQO by 70.21% and 69.04%, respectively, at the same concentration in human blood lymphocytes. The isolated fraction also exhibited DPPH free radical scavenging activity and was able to scavenge 85.95% radicals at a concentration of 120 μM. CONCLUSION Glycyrrhizic acid is a potential modulator of genotoxins as well as efficient scavenger of free radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhjit Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Bikram Singh
- Division of Natural Plant Product, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chandrasekharan DK, Khanna PK, Nair CKK. Cellular radioprotecting potential of glyzyrrhizic acid, silver nanoparticle and their complex. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2011; 723:51-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
31
|
Radioprotection by α-asarone: Prevention of genotoxicity and hematopoietic injury in mammalian organism. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2011; 722:62-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Park E, Hwang I, Song JY, Jee Y. Acidic polysaccharide of Panax ginseng as a defense against small intestinal damage by whole-body gamma irradiation of mice. Acta Histochem 2011; 113:19-23. [PMID: 19767060 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An acidic polysaccharide of Panax ginseng (APG), ginsan, has been reported to protect the hematopoietic system by increasing the number of bone marrow cells and spleen cells. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of APG to protect mice from radiation-induced damage of the small intestine. APG treatment caused the lengthening of villi and a numerical increase of crypt cells in the small intestine at 3.5 days after 7Gy irradiation compared to irradiated, non-treated controls. In addition, APG significantly inhibited irradiation-induced apoptosis by decreasing the amount of pro-apoptotic p53 and Bax as well as augmenting that of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 at 24h after irradiation. These results indicate that APG might be a useful adjunct to therapeutic irradiation as a protective agent for the gastrointestinal tract of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Park
- Applied Radiological Science Research Institute, Cheju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nair GG, Nair CKK. Protection of Cellular DNA and Membrane from γ-Radiation–Induced Damages and Enhancement in DNA Repair by Sesamol. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2010; 25:629-35. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2010.0803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
34
|
Liu CM, Ma JQ, Lou Y. Chronic administration of troxerutin protects mouse kidney against d-galactose-induced oxidative DNA damage. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:2809-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
35
|
Ramachandran L, Krishnan CV, Nair CKK. Radioprotection by α-Lipoic Acid Palladium Complex Formulation (POLY-MVA) in Mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2010; 25:395-9. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2009.0744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chirakkal V. Krishnan
- Garnett McKeen Laboratory Inc., Bohemia, New York
- Department of Chemistry, University at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lu J, Wu DM, Hu B, Cheng W, Zheng YL, Zhang ZF, Ye Q, Fan SH, Shan Q, Wang YJ. Chronic administration of troxerutin protects mouse brain against d-galactose-induced impairment of cholinergic system. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2010; 93:157-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2009.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
37
|
Qian L, Cao F, Cui J, Wang Y, Huang Y, Chuai Y, Zaho L, Jiang H, Cai J. The potential cardioprotective effects of hydrogen in irradiated mice. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2010; 51:741-747. [PMID: 21116102 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.10093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Most ionizing radiation-induced damage is caused by hydroxyl radicals, and the selective reduction of hydroxyl by hydrogen in vitro has been demonstrated previously. Irradiation of the heart can cause chronic cardiac disease. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that hydrogen-rich water (pure water saturated with molecular hydrogen), which is easy to use, induces cardioprotection against ionizing irradiation injury in mice. In this paper, we demonstrate that hydrogen can protect myocardium degeneration from radiation-induced injury, decrease myocardium malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels, and increase myocardium endogenous antioxidants in vivo. We suggest that hydrogen has a cardioprotective effect against radiation induced injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liren Qian
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
You WC, Lin WC, Huang JT, Hsieh CC. Indigowood root extract protects hematopoietic cells, reduces tissue damage and modulates inflammatory cytokines after total-body irradiation: does Indirubin play a role in radioprotection? PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 16:1105-1111. [PMID: 19589667 PMCID: PMC7126534 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Radix of Isatis indigotica (indigowood root, IR) has been used in traditional medicine for its potential anti-inflammatory effect. The purpose of this study is to investigate the radioprotective effects of radiation caused damages in hematopoietic system and normal tissues in mice. A total of 57 BALB/c mice were randomized into six treatment groups: control, IR treatment (0.195, 0.585 and 1.170 g/kg, p.o. daily), L-glutamine (0.520 g/kg) and sham group. All mice except the sham group were irradiated and then administered for one week. The radioprotective effect on hematopoietic system, serum cytokines, and intestinal toxicity was studied. Protective effects on spleen and thymus are found in IR-treated groups. IR assisted in restoration of leukocytopenia after whole mice irradiation with significant reduction of serum TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6. These enhancements of hematopoietic effects are due to an increase in the serum G-CSF concentration in IR treated groups. In histopathological assessment, significant improvement of intestine toxicity is observed in high-dose IR and L-glutamine group. Evidences show that IR has potentials to be a radioprotector, especially in recovery of hematopoietic system, reduction of inflammatory cytokines and intestinal toxicity. Indirubin may play a crucial role, but the underlying mechanism is not very clear and warrants further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weir Chiang You
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lin Shin Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen Chuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia Tsz Huang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang Chi Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, No. 181, Section 3, Taichung Harbor Road, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Park E, Lee NH, Baik JS, Jee Y. Elaeocarpus sylvestris modulates gamma-ray-induced immunosuppression in mice: implications in radioprotection. Phytother Res 2008; 22:1046-51. [PMID: 18570220 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated the potential of Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus (E.S.), which contains 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG), to protect mice from radiation injury by single whole-body irradiation (WBI) in vivo. The results from the present study demonstrate that the E.S. extract significantly improved the rate and duration of survival beyond that of untreated, irradiated control mice. The counts of endogenous colony forming units (CFU) increased in E.S.-treated mice, indicating that E.S. induced the regeneration of hematopoietic cells. E.S. treatment also accelerated the proliferation and recovery of lymphocytes and granulocytes, compared with those levels in untreated, irradiated controls. These results suggest that E.S. extract increases the survival time of mammals exposed to ionizing radiation by intensifying the victims' hematopoietic repair capacities. Therefore, it is concluded that the E.S. extract may be an effective agent of protection from radiation-induced injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Applied Radiological Science Research Institute, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Harikumar KBN, Kuttan R. An extract of Phyllanthus amarus protects mouse chromosomes and intestine from radiation induced damages. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2007; 48:469-476. [PMID: 17917369 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.07039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We reported earlier on our preliminary study of the radioprotective effect of Phyllanthus amarus (P.amarus) in mice. P.amarus was found to inhibit the myelosuppression and elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes in the blood and liver. In the present study we have evaluated the protective effect of P.amarus against radiation-induced changes in the intestine and mouse chromosomal damage. P.amarus at concentrations of 250 & 750 mg/Kg. b. wt were found to elevate the antioxidant enzymes in the intestine and decrease the lipid peroxidation levels. Histopathological evaluations of the intestine revealed decreased damage to intestinal cells, demonstrating that P.amarus protected the intestine. The genotoxic effects of radiation on mouse chromosomes were evaluated by assaying the micronuclei formation and chromosomal aberrations. P.amarus was found to protect the clastogenic effects of radiation as seen from decreased number of micronuclei. The administration of P.amarus was also found to decrease the percentage of chromosomal aberrations. Based on our present and previous reports it could be concluded that P.amarus extract has significant radioprotective activity.
Collapse
|
41
|
Maurya DK, Nair CKK. Preferential radioprotection to DNA of normal tissues by ferulic acid under ex vivo and in vivo conditions in tumor bearing mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 285:181-90. [PMID: 16477369 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 11/10/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that ferulic acid (FA) offered good radioprotection under in vitro and in vivo conditions to DNA and enhanced the DNA repair process in the peripheral blood leucocytes of mice in vivo. This study concerns radioprotection of normal versus tumor cells. Administration of FA (50 mg/kg body weight) to mice bearing fibrosarcoma tumor, 1 h prior to/ or immediately after radiation exposure (4 Gy) showed preferential radioprotection to normal cells i.e. peripheral blood leucocytes and bone marrow cells in comparison to tumor cells. This preferential protection under in vivo conditions could be attributed to poor vasculature in the tumor or peculiar characteristics of the tumor cells either to restrict its entry inside the cells or metabolize or inactivate the drug. To resolve these ex vivo study was carried out using bone marrow and tumor cells. It was found that under ex vivo condition also only bone marrow cells were protected by FA. Thus the studies revealed that FA showed preferential protection to normal cells under both in vivo and ex vivo conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, Maharashtra, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gandhi NM, Nair CKK. Radiation protection by Terminalia chebula: some mechanistic aspects. Mol Cell Biochem 2005; 277:43-8. [PMID: 16132713 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-4819-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2005] [Accepted: 04/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Radioprotective ability of the aqueous extract of the fruit of Terminalia chebula (TCE) was evaluated for its antioxidant and radioprotective abilities. TCE (50 microg) was able to neutralise 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, a stable free radical by 92.9%. The free radical neutralizing ability of TCE was comparable to that of ascorbate (100 microM) 93.5% and gallic acid (100 microM) 91.5% and was higher than that of the diethyldithiocarbamate (200 microM) 55.4%, suggesting the free radical activity of TCE. TCE protected the plasmid DNA pBR322 from undergoing the radiation-induced strand breaks. Radiation damage converts the supercoiled form (ccc) of plasmid to open circular form (oc); the presence of TCE during radiation exposure protected the plasmid from undergoing these damages. The administration of TCE (80 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) prior to whole body irradiation of mice (4 Gy) resulted in a reduction of peroxidation of membrane lipids in the mice liver as well as a decrease in radiation-induced damage to DNA, as assayed by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). TCE also protected the human lymphocytes from undergoing the gamma radiation-induced damage to DNA exposed in vitro to 2 Gy gamma-radiation. These results suggest the radioprotective ability of TCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Motilal Gandhi
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Maurya DK, Balakrishnan S, Salvi VP, Nair CKK. Protection of cellular DNA from γ-radiation-induced damages and enhancement in DNA repair by troxerutin. Mol Cell Biochem 2005; 280:57-68. [PMID: 16311905 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-8052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2005] [Accepted: 05/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of troxerutin on gamma-radiation-induced DNA strand breaks in different tissues of mice in vivo and formations of the micronuclei were studied in human peripheral blood lymphocytes ex vivo and mice blood reticulocytes in vivo. Treatments with 1 mM troxerutin significantly inhibited the micronuclei induction in the human lymphocytes. Troxerutin protected the human peripheral blood leucocytes from radiation-induced DNA strand breaks in a concentration dependent manner under ex vivo condition of irradiation (2 Gy). Intraperitoneal administration of troxerutin (175 mg/kg body weight) to mice before and after whole body radiation exposure inhibited micronuclei formation in blood reticulocytes significantly. The administration of different doses (75, 125 and 175 mg/kg body weight) of troxerutin 1 h prior to 4 Gy gamma-radiation exposure showed dose-dependent decrease in the yield of DNA strand breaks in murine blood leucocytes and bone marrow cells. The dose-dependent protection was more pronounced in bone marrow cells than in blood leucocytes. Administration of 175 mg/kg body weight of the drug (i.p.) 1 h prior or immediately after whole body irradiation of mice showed that the decrease in strand breaks depended on the post-irradiation interval at which the analysis was done. The observed time-dependent decrease in the DNA strand breaks could be attributed to enhanced DNA repair in troxerutin administered animals. Thus in addition to anti-erythrocytic, anti-thrombic, fibrinolytic and oedema-protective rheological activity, troxerutin offers protection against gamma-radiation-induced micronuclei formation and DNA strand breaks and enhances repair of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Maurya DK, Salvi VP, Nair CKK. Radiation protection of DNA by ferulic acid under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Mol Cell Biochem 2005; 280:209-17. [PMID: 16311925 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-0170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ferulic acid was studied on gamma-radiation-induced relaxation of plasmid pBR322 DNA and induction of DNA strand breaks in peripheral blood leukocytes and bone marrow cells of mice exposed to whole body gamma-radiation. Presence of 0.5 mM ferulic acid significantly inhibited the disappearance of supercoiled (ccc) plasmid pBR322 with a dose modifying factor (DMF) of 2.0. Intraperitoneal administration of different amounts (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg body weight) of ferulic acid 1 h prior to 4 Gy gamma-radiation exposure showed dose-dependent decrease in the yield of DNA strands breaks in murine peripheral blood leukocytes and bone marrow cells as evidenced from comet assay. The dose-dependent protection was more pronounced in bone marrow cells than in the blood leukocytes. It was observed that there was a time-dependent disappearance of radiation induced strand breaks in blood leukocytes (as evidenced from comet parameters) following whole body radiation exposure commensuration with DNA repair. Administration of 50 mg/kg body weight of ferulic acid after whole body irradiation of mice resulted disappearance of DNA strand breaks at a faster rate compared to irradiated controls, suggesting enhanced DNA repair in ferulic acid treated animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|