1
|
Li L, Wang X, Chen L, Li J, Xue Y, Lin H, Sun H, Bo Z, Shen H, Sun P. Genetic evolutionary analysis of a strain of Senecavirus A in Anhui and the establishment of its detection method. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 124:105665. [PMID: 39233257 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senecavirus A (SVA) is the only member of the genus Senecavirus in the family Picornaviridae, and is one of the pathogens of porcine blistering disease. SVA has been reported in the United States, Canada, China, Thailand, and Colombia. METHODS In this study, positive SVA infection was detected by RT-PCR in sick materials collected from pig farms of different sizes in Anhui Province. RESULTS In this study, a virulent strain of SVA was successfully obtained by viral isolation on BHK21 cells and named SVA-CH-AHAU-1. Meanwhile, a simple, rapid and accurate nano-PCR method for the detection of SVA infection was established in this study, using the recombinant plasmid pClone-SVA-3D as a template. CONCLUSIONS The complete genome of SVA-CH-AHAU-1 is 7286 bp, including a 5' non-coding region (UTR), an open reading frame (ORF) of 6546 nucleotides, encoding 2182 amino acids (aa), and a 3' UTR with Poly(A) features, and phylogenetic analysis showed that this isolate had the highest nucleotide homology (97.9 %) with the US isolate US-15-41901SD. In this study, the virulent strain SVA-CH-AHAU-1 was found to recombine in the ORF region with isolates SVA-CH-SDGT-2017 and SVA/Canada/ON/FMA-2015-0024 T2/2015. The complete genome has been submitted to GeneBank with the accession number OM654411. In addition, our results suggest that the established nano-PCR assay can be used as an economical, reliable and sensitive method for the field diagnosis of SVA method, especially in resource-limited areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yuting Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Haicheng Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - HuiHui Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Zongyi Bo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Haixiao Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China; Joint Research Center for Food Nutrition and Health of IHM, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fonseca Júnior AA, Laguardia-Nascimento M, Barbosa AAS, da Silva Gonçalves VL, Camargos MF. Interfering factors in the diagnosis of Senecavirus A. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:777. [PMID: 38904698 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09692-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senecavirus A (SV-A) is an RNA virus that belongs to the genus Senecavirus within the family Picornaviridae. This study aimed to analyze factors that can influence the molecular diagnosis of Senecavirus A, such as oligonucleotides, RNA extraction methods, and RT-qPCR kits. METHODS Samples from suspected cases of vesicular disease in Brazilian pigs were analyzed for foot-and-mouth disease, swine vesicular disease, and vesicular stomatitis. All tested negative for these diseases but positive for SV-A. RT-qPCR tests were used, comparing different reagent kits and RNA extraction methods. Sensitivity and repeatability were evaluated, demonstrating efficacy in detecting SV-A in clinical samples. RESULTS In RNA extraction, significant reduction in Cq values was observed with initial dilutions, particularly with larger supernatant volumes. Trizol and Maxwell showed greater sensitivity in automated equipment protocols, though results varied in tissue tests. RT-qPCR kit comparison revealed differences in amplification using viral RNA but minimal differences with plasmid DNA. Sensitivity among methods was comparable, with slight variations in non-amplified samples. Repeatability tests showed consistent results among RT-qPCRs, demonstrating similarity between methods despite minor discrepancies in Cq values. CONCLUSIONS Trizol, silica columns, and semi-automated extraction were compared, as well as different RT-qPCR kits. The study found significant variations that could impact the final diagnosis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Neujahr AC, Loy DS, Loy JD, Brodersen BW, Fernando SC. Rapid detection of high consequence and emerging viral pathogens in pigs. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1341783. [PMID: 38384961 PMCID: PMC10879307 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1341783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increasing emergence of novel animal pathogens has been observed over the last decade. Viruses are a major contributor to the increased emergence and therefore, veterinary surveillance and testing procedures are greatly needed to rapidly and accurately detect high-consequence animal diseases such as Foot and Mouth Disease, Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, Classical Swine Fever, and African Swine Fever. The major detection methods for such diseases include real-time PCR assays and pathogen-specific antibodies among others. However, due to genetic drift or -shift in virus genomes, failure to detect such pathogens is a risk with devastating consequences. Additionally, the emergence of novel pathogens with no prior knowledge requires non-biased detection methods for discovery. Methods Utilizing enrichment techniques coupled with Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION™ sequencing platform, we developed a sample processing and analysis pipeline to identify DNA and RNA viruses and bacterial pathogens from clinical samples. Results and discussion The sample processing and analysis pipeline developed allows the identification of both DNA and RNA viruses and bacterial pathogens simultaneously from a single tissue sample and provides results in less than 12 h. Preliminary evaluation of this method using surrogate viruses in different matrices and using clinical samples from animals with unknown disease causality, we demonstrate that this method can be used to simultaneously detect pathogens from multiple domains of life simultaneously with high confidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison C. Neujahr
- Department of Complex Biosystems, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Duan S. Loy
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - John Dustin Loy
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Bruce W. Brodersen
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Samodha C. Fernando
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Department of Food Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma L, Zhu M, Meng Q, Wang Y, Wang X. Real-time detection of Seneca Valley virus by one-tube RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1305222. [PMID: 38259970 PMCID: PMC10800940 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1305222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Senecavirus A (SVA) is a highly contagious virus that causes vesicular disease in pigs. At present, laboratory detection methods, such as virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), required precision instruments and qualified personnel, making them unsuitable for point-of-care tests (POCT). Fortunately, the emergence of CRISPR/Cas system has provided new opportunities for fast and efficient pathogen detection. Methods This study successfully developed a precise and sensitive detection platform for diagnosing SVA by combining the CRISPR system with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA). Results The minimum detection limit of the assay was 10 copies of the SVA genome. Meanwhile, the assay demonstrated high specificity. To validate the effectiveness of this system, we tested 85 swine clinical samples and found that the fluorescence method had a 100% coincidence rate compared to RT-qPCR. Discussion Overall, the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay established in our study is a highly effective method for detecting SVA and holds great potential for practical applications in the resource-limited settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
- College of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengjie Zhu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Qingfeng Meng
- Testing Technology R&D Department, Shanghai Kaiwosha Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Xueping Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
- College of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zeng W, Yan Q, Du P, Yuan Z, Sun Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Liu X, Ding H, Yi L, Fan S, Chen J, Zhao M. Evolutionary dynamics and adaptive analysis of Seneca Valley virus. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 113:105488. [PMID: 37558190 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, the Seneca Valley virus (SVV) has emerged in various countries and regions around the world. Infected pigs display symptoms similar to foot-and-mouth disease and other vesicular diseases, causing severe economic losses to affected countries. In recent years, the number of SVV infections has been increasing in Brazil, China, and the United States. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed SVV genomic sequence data from the perspectives of evolutionary dynamics, phylogeography, and codon usage bias. We aimed to gain further insights into SVV's genetic diversity, spatiotemporal distribution patterns, and evolutionary adaptations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SVV has evolved into eight distinct lineages. Based on the results of phylogeographic analysis, it is speculated that the United States might have been the source of SVV, from where it subsequently spread to different countries and regions. Moreover, our analysis of positive selection sites in SVV capsid proteins suggests their potential importance in the process of receptor recognition. Finally, codon preference analysis indicates that natural selection has been a primary evolutionary driver influencing SVV codon usage bias. In conclusion, our in-depth investigation into SVV's origin, dissemination, evolution, and adaptation emphasizes the significance of SVV surveillance and control measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Quanhui Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Pengfei Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhongmao Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yawei Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xueyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma X, Huang J, Li K, Ding K, Fu Y, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Li P, Bai X, Li D, Liu X, Zeng Q, Liu Z, Sun P, Lu Z. Development and Evaluation of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on Swine Monoclonal Antibodies for Detecting Neutralizing Antibodies against Senecavirus A. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0459922. [PMID: 37036366 PMCID: PMC10269468 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04599-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging viral pathogen related to vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine, which results in enormous economic losses to the global swine industry. The clinical signs of SVA are indistinguishable from those of other vesicular diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease, which is an economically devastating animal disease. Therefore, development of a rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic method for the detection of SVA infection is critical for the prevention and control of SVA and would help to rule out other exotic diseases. In this study, two whole-porcine anti-SVA antibodies (1M5 and 1M25) were produced using single B cell antibody technology. 1M5 and 1M25 possessed neutralizing activity against SVA but recognized different conformational epitopes that depended on the intact virion. Using 1M5 as the capture antibody and biotinylated 1M25 as the detection antibody, a reliable and rapid competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting neutralizing antibodies (NAC-ELISA) against SVA was developed. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 98.11% and 100%, respectively, with a cutoff percent inhibition value of 45%. The NAC-ELISA was specific for detecting SVA-specific antibodies, without cross-reactivity to other virus-infected sera. The results of the NAC-ELISA showed a strong agreement with the results of the virus neutralization test. Therefore, the NAC-ELISA developed in this study represents a sensitive, specific, and reliable tool for the detection of SVA-specific antibodies, which is applicable for serodiagnosis and serological surveillance of SVA and is conducive to the prevention and control of SVA. IMPORTANCE Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus related to vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine, which results in enormous economic losses worldwide. Additionally, the clinical characteristics of the disease are indistinguishable from those of other vesicular diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease. Therefore, developing tools for rapidly and accurately detecting SVA infection is critical and urgent. In this study, two porcine-derived monoclonal antibodies against SVA were generated, and a competitive ELISA for the detection of neutralizing antibodies (NAC-ELISA) against SVA was successfully developed using these two porcine monoclonal antibodies. The NAC-ELISA was SVA specific with no cross-reactivity to other related pathogens and had high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility for detecting SVA-specific antibody. Therefore, the NAC-ELISA developed in this study may be of great value as a simple and reliable tool for serodiagnosis or surveillance of SVA and may facilitate the prevention and control of SVA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kailu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanfang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhixun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Pinghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xingwen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiaoying Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zaixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Pu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zengjun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- National Foot and Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Development of an indirect ELISA using a novel linear epitope at the C-terminal region of the VP2 protein to specifically detect antibodies against Senecavirus A. Virol J 2022; 19:204. [PMID: 36461023 PMCID: PMC9717537 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senecavirus A (SVA) is a pathogen that has recently caused porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD). The clinical signs are similar to those of foot-and-mouth disease, porcine vesicular disease, and vesicular stomatitis. Therefore, identification of SVA as a cause of PIVD is important to eliminate this emerging pathogen. METHODS In this study, an indirect ELISA based on the VP2 epitope (VP2-epitp-ELISA) was developed to detect antibodies directed against SVA. RESULTS A novel linear epitope (271GLRNRFTTGTDEEQ284) was first identified at the C-terminus of the VP2 protein by epitope mapping. The diagnostic performance of VP2-epitp-ELISA was estimated by testing a panel of known background sera from swine. Under the optimum test conditions, when the cutoff value was 37%, the diagnostic sensitivity (Dn) and diagnostic specificity (Dp) of the assay were 91.13% and 91.17%, respectively. The accuracy of VP2-epitp-ELISA was validated and further compared with that of commercial diagnostic kits. The diagnostic results showed that VP2-epitp-ELISA did not cross-react with serum positive for other idiopathic vesicular diseases and had a concordance rate of 90.41% with the Swinecheck® SVA bELISA. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that VP2-epitp-ELISA is suitable for specific detection of antibodies against SVA in swine.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen W, Wang W, Wang X, Li Z, Wu K, Li X, Li Y, Yi L, Zhao M, Ding H, Fan S, Chen J. Advances in the differential molecular diagnosis of vesicular disease pathogens in swine. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1019876. [PMID: 36386633 PMCID: PMC9641196 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1019876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), Senecavirus A (SVA) and swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) are members of the family Picornaviridae, which can cause similar symptoms - vesicular lesions in the tissues of the mouth, nose, feet, skin and mucous membrane of animals. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of these viruses allows for control measures to prevent the spread of these diseases. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR are traditional and reliable methods for pathogen detection, while their amplification reaction requires a thermocycler. Isothermal amplification methods including loop-mediated isothermal amplification and recombinase polymerase amplification developed in recent years are simple, rapid and do not require specialized equipment, allowing for point of care diagnostics. Luminex technology allows for simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens. CRISPR-Cas diagnostic systems also emerging nucleic acid detection technologies which are very sensitivity and specificity. In this paper, various nucleic acid detection methods aimed at vesicular disease pathogens in swine (including FMDV, SVA and SVDV) are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keke Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shuangqi Fan, ; Jinding Chen,
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shuangqi Fan, ; Jinding Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hawko S, Burrai GP, Polinas M, Angioi PP, Dei Giudici S, Oggiano A, Alberti A, Hosri C, Antuofermo E. A Review on Pathological and Diagnostic Aspects of Emerging Viruses—Senecavirus A, Torque teno sus virus and Linda Virus—In Swine. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090495. [PMID: 36136710 PMCID: PMC9502770 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Worldwide demand for food is expected to increase due to population growth and swine accounts for more than one-third of meat produced worldwide. Several factors affect the success of livestock production systems, including animal disease control. Despite the importance of infectious diseases to animal health and the productivity of the global swine industry, pathogens of swine, in particular emerging viruses, such as Senecavirus A, Torque teno sus virus, and Linda virus, have gained limited interest. We performed a systematic analysis of the literature, with a focus on the main macroscopical and histological findings related to those viruses to fill the gap and highpoint these potentially hazardous pathogens. Abstract Swine production represents a significant component in agricultural economies as it occupies over 30% of global meat demand. Infectious diseases could constrain the swine health and productivity of the global swine industry. In particular, emerging swine viral diseases are omnipresent in swine populations, but the limited knowledge of the pathogenesis and the scarce information related to associated lesions restrict the development of data-based control strategies aimed to reduce the potentially great impact on the swine industry. In this paper, we reviewed and summarized the main pathological findings related to emerging viruses, such as Senecavirus A, Torque teno sus virus, and Linda virus, suggesting a call for further multidisciplinary studies aimed to fill this lack of knowledge and better clarify the potential role of those viral diseases in swine pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Hawko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni P. Burrai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-079-229440
| | - Marta Polinas
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Angioi
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Dei Giudici
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Oggiano
- Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Alberti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Chadi Hosri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 14/6573, Lebanon
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mason J, Primavera V, Martignette L, Clark B, Barrera J, Simmons J, Hurtle W, Neilan JG, Puckette M. Comparative Evaluation of the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Permissive LF-BK αVβ6 Cell Line for Senecavirus A Research. Viruses 2022; 14:v14091875. [PMID: 36146682 PMCID: PMC9503874 DOI: 10.3390/v14091875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is a member of the family Picornaviridae and enzootic in domestic swine. SVA can induce vesicular lesions that are clinically indistinguishable from Foot-and-mouth disease, a major cause of global trade barriers and agricultural productivity losses worldwide. The LF-BK αVβ6 cell line is a porcine-derived cell line transformed to stably express an αVβ6 bovine integrin and primarily used for enhanced propagation of Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Due to the high biosecurity requirements for working with FMDV, SVA has been considered as a surrogate virus to test and evaluate new technologies and countermeasures. Herein we conducted a series of comparative evaluation in vitro studies between SVA and FMDV using the LF-BK αVβ6 cell line. These include utilization of LF-BK αVβ6 cells for field virus isolation, production of high virus titers, and evaluating serological reactivity and virus susceptibility to porcine type I interferons. These four methodologies utilizing LF-BK αVβ6 cells were applicable to research with SVA and results support the current use of SVA as a surrogate for FMDV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mason
- SAIC, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin Clark
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Jose Barrera
- SAIC, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Janine Simmons
- SAIC, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - William Hurtle
- U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science & Technology Directorate, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - John G. Neilan
- U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science & Technology Directorate, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Michael Puckette
- U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science & Technology Directorate, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu W, Li X, Zhang H, Hao G, Shang X, Wang H, Chen H, Qian P. Evaluation of Immunoreactivity and Protection Efficacy of Seneca Valley Virus Inactivated Vaccine in Finishing Pigs Based on Screening of Inactivated Agents and Adjuvants. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10040631. [PMID: 35455380 PMCID: PMC9032702 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10040631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV), also known as Senecavirus A (SVA), is a non-enveloped and single-strand positive-sense RNA virus, which belongs to the genus of Senecavirus within the family Picornaviridae. Porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD) caused by SVV has frequently been prevalent in America and Southeast Asia (especially in China) since the end of 2014, and has caused continuing issues. In this study, an SVV strain isolated in China, named SVV LNSY01-2017 (MH064435), was used as the stock virus for the preparation of an SVV-inactivated vaccine. The SVV culture was directly inactivated using binary ethyleneimine (BEI) and β-propiolactone (BPL). BPL showed a better effect as an SVV inactivator, according to the results of pH variation, inactivation kinetics, and the detection of VP1 content during inactivation. Then, SVV inactivated by BPL was subsequently emulsified using different adjuvants, including MONTANIDETM ISA 201 VG (ISA 201) and MONTANIDETM IMG 1313 VG N (IMS 1313). The immunoreactivity and protection efficacy of the inactivated vaccines were then evaluated in finishing pigs. SVV-BPL-1313 showed a better humoral response post-immunization and further challenge tests post-immunization showed that both the SVV-BPL-201 and SVV-BPL-1313 combinations could resist challenge from a virulent SVV strain. The SVV LNSY01-2017-inactivated vaccine candidate developed here represents a promising alternative to prevent and control SVV infection in swine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Genxi Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianfei Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huilan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (W.L.); (X.L.); (H.Z.); (G.H.); (X.S.); (H.W.); (H.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-27-8728-2608
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wen W, Chen X, Lv Q, Chen H, Qian P, Li X. Identification of a conserved neutralizing epitope in Seneca Valley virus VP2 protein: new insight for epitope vaccine designment. Virol J 2022; 19:65. [PMID: 35410270 PMCID: PMC8995699 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a picornavirus that causes vesicular disease in swine. Clinical characteristics of the disease are similar to common viral diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease virus, porcine vesicular disease virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus, which can cause vesicles in the nose or hoof of pigs. Therefore, developing tools for detecting SVV infection is critical and urgent.
Methods
The neutralizing antibodies were produced to detect the neutralizing epitope.
Results
Five SVV neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAb), named 2C8, 3E4, 4C3, 6D7, and 7C11, were generated by immunizing mouses with ultra-purified SVV-LNSY01-2017. All five monoclonal antibodies exhibited high neutralizing titers to SVV. The epitopes targeted by these mAbs were further identified by peptide scanning using GST fusion peptides. The peptide 153QELNEE158 is defined as the smallest linear neutralizing epitope. The antibodies showed no reactivity to VP2 single mutants E157A. Furthermore, the antibodies showed no neutralizing activity with the recombinant virus (SVV-E157A).
Conclusions
The five monoclonal antibodies and identified epitopes may contribute to further research on the structure and function of VP2 and the development of diagnostic methods for detecting different SVV strains. Additionally, the epitope recognized by monoclonal antibodies against VP2 protein may provide insights for novel SVV vaccines and oncolytic viruses development.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang H, Ding X, Sun W, Chen Z, Bai L, Liang H, Liu Y, Zhang W, Wang G, Yang G, Mauk MG, Cui Y, Chen L. Recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of Seneca Valley Virus. Anal Biochem 2022; 642:114564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
14
|
Mohamed F, Gidlewski T, Berninger ML, Petrowski HM, Bracht AJ, de Rueda CB, Barrette RW, Grady M, O'Hearn ES, Lewis CE, Moran KE, Sturgill TL, Capucci L, Root JJ. Comparative susceptibility of eastern cottontails and New Zealand white rabbits to classical rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and RHDV2. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:e968-e978. [PMID: 34738741 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is associated with high morbidity and mortality in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). In 2010, a genetically distinct RHDV named RHDV2 emerged in Europe and spread to many other regions, including North America in 2016. Prior to this study it was unknown if eastern cottontails (ECT(s); Sylvilagus floridanus), one of the most common wild lagomorphs in the United States, were susceptible to RHDV2. In this study, 10 wild-caught ECTs and 10 New Zealand white rabbits (NZWR(s); O. cuniculus) were each inoculated orally with either RHDV (RHDVa/GI.1a; n = 5 per species) or RHDV2 (a recombinant GI.1bP-GI.2; n = 5 per species) and monitored for the development of disease. Three of the five ECTs that were infected with RHDV2 developed disease consistent with RHD and died at 4 and 6 days post-inoculation (DPI). The RHDV major capsid protein/antigen (VP60) was detected in the livers of three ECTs infected with RHDV2, but none was detected in the ECTs infected with RHDV. Additionally, RHD viral RNA was detected in the liver, spleen, intestine and blood of ECTs infected with RHDV2, but not in the ECTs infected with RHDV. RHD viral RNA was detected in urine, oral swabs and rectal swabs in at least two of five ECTs infected with RHDV2. One ECT inoculated with RHDV2 seroconverted and developed a high antibody titre by the end of the experimental period (21 DPI). ECTs inoculated with the classic RHDV did not seroconvert. In comparison, NZWRs inoculated with RHDV2 exhibited high mortality (five of five) at 2 DPI and four of five NZWRs inoculated with RHDV either died or were euthanized at 2 DPI indicating both of these viruses were highly pathogenic to this species. This experiment indicates that ECTs are susceptible to RHDV2 and can shed viral RNA, thereby suggesting this species could be involved in the epidemiology of this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Mohamed
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Gidlewski
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Disease Program, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mary L Berninger
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Heather M Petrowski
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Alexa J Bracht
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Carla Bravo de Rueda
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Roger W Barrette
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Meredith Grady
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Disease Program, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily S O'Hearn
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Charles E Lewis
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Karen E Moran
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, New York, USA
| | - Tracy L Sturgill
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Regionalization Evaluation Services, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lorenzo Capucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimenatale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna and OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease, Brescia, Italy
| | - J Jeffrey Root
- United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang F, Zhu Z, Liu H, Cao W, Zhang W, Wei T, Zheng M, Zhang K, Tian H, Zeng Q, Cai X, Zheng H. Evaluation of Antibody Response in Sows after Vaccination with Senecavirus A Vaccine and the Effect of Maternal Antibody Transfer on Antibody Dynamics in Offspring. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9101066. [PMID: 34696174 PMCID: PMC8538203 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is a newly porcine virus that has been detected in many countries since its first detection in pigs in Canada in 2007, and it remains endemic in many countries in Asia and America, which has become a substantial problem for the pig industry. Vaccination is a potentially effective strategy for the prevention and control of SVA infection. Our lab has developed a SVA vaccine candidate previously. In this study, the antibody response to the prepared vaccine in sows and their offspring was evaluated. Vaccination of sows with inactivated SVA vaccines during pregnancy elicited SVA-specific virus-neutralizing antibodies. Vaccination with a high dose of SVA vaccine followed a booster immunization contributed to a long-term duration of the persistence of maternally derived neutralizing antibodies (MDAs) in the milk of the sows (>14 days). In contrast, vaccination with a single low dose of SVA vaccine resulted in a short-term persistence of MDAs in the milk (2–7 days). The MDAs could be efficiently transferred from the sows to their offspring through the colostrum/milk but not the umbilical cord blood. The antibody titers and the duration of the persistence of MDAs in the offspring are highly associated with the antibody levels in the milk from the sows. Vaccination of sows with a booster dose of SVA vaccine resulted in a longer-lasting MDAs in their offspring (persisted for at least 90 days). However, vaccination with the single low dose of vaccine only brought about 42 days of MDAs persistence in their offspring. The effect of MDAs on active immunization with SVA vaccine in offspring was further evaluated, which showed that vaccination of the SVA vaccine in the presence of MDAs at the titer of ≈1:64 or less could overcome the MDAs’ interference and give rise to effective antibody response. This will help for establishing the optimal times and schedules for SVA vaccination in pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (F.Y.); (Q.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Zixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Huanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Weijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Ting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Keshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Hong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
| | - Qiaoying Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (F.Y.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xuepeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (F.Y.); (Q.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (Z.Z.); (H.L.); (W.C.); (W.Z.); (T.W.); (M.Z.); (K.Z.); (H.T.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (H.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fernandes MHV, de Lima M, Joshi LR, Diel DG. A virulent and pathogenic infectious clone of Senecavirus A. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 34424160 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is a picornavirus that circulates in swine populations worldwide causing vesicular disease (VD) in affected animals. Here we developed a reverse genetics system for SVA based on the well-characterized wild-type SVA strain SD15-26 (wt SVA SD15-26). The full-length cDNA genome of SVA was cloned into a plasmid under a T7 RNA polymerase promoter. Following in vitro transcription, the genomic viral RNA was transfected into BHK-21 cells and rescue of infectious virus (rSVA SD15-26) was shown by inoculation of highly susceptible H1299 cells. In vitro characterization of the rSVA SD15-26 showed similar replication properties and protein expression levels as the wt SVA SD15-26. A pathogenesis study was conducted in 15-week-old finishing pigs to evaluate the pathogenicity and infection dynamics of the rSVA SD15-26 virus in comparison to the wt SVA SD15-26. Animals from both rSVA- and wt SVA SD15-26-inoculated groups presented characteristic SVA clinical signs (lethargy and lameness) followed by the development of vesicular lesions on the snout and/or feet. The clinical outcome of infection, including disease onset, severity and duration was similar in rSVA- and the wt SVA SD15-26-inoculated animals. All animals inoculated with rSVA or with wt SVA SD15-26 presented a short-term viremia, and animals from both groups shed similar amounts of virus in oral and nasal secretion, and faeces. Our data demonstrates that the rSVA SD5-26 clone is fully virulent and pathogenic in pigs, presenting comparable pathogenesis and infection dynamics to the wt SVA SD15-26 strain. The infectious clone generated here is a useful platform to study virulence determinants of SVA, and to dissect other aspects of SVA infection biology, pathogenesis and persistence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen H V Fernandes
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Marcelo de Lima
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.,Laboratório de Virologia e Imunologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lok R Joshi
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li H, Zhao Z, Li X, Qin L, Wen W, Chen H, Qian P. Cholesterol-25-Hydroxylase Suppresses Seneca Valley Virus Infection via Producing 25-Hydroxycholesterol to Block Adsorption Procedure. Virol Sin 2021; 36:1210-1219. [PMID: 34061318 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-021-00377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H) is a membrane protein associated with endoplasmic reticulum, and it is an interferon-stimulated factor regulated by interferon. CH25H catalyzes cholesterol to produce 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) by adding a second hydroxyl to the 25th carbon atom of cholesterol. Recent studies have shown that both CH25H and 25HC could inhibit the replication of many viruses. In this study, we found that ectopic expression of CH25H in HEK-293T and BHK-21 cell lines could inhibit the replication of Seneca Valley virus (SVV) and that there was no species difference. On the other hand, the knockdown of CH25H could enhance the replication of SVV in HEK-293T and BHK-21 cells, indicating the importance of CH25H. To some extent, the CH25H mutant without hydroxylase activity also lost its ability to inhibit SVV amplification. Further studies demonstrated that 25HC was involved in the entire life cycle of SVV, especially in repressing its adsorption process. This study reveals that CH25H exerts the advantage of innate immunity mainly by producing 25HC to block virion adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zekai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liuxing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Coding-Complete Genome Sequences of Emerging Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Type 2 Isolates Detected in 2020 in the United States. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:10/1/e01064-20. [PMID: 33414291 PMCID: PMC8407691 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01064-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Five rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus type 2 (RHDV2) coding-complete genome sequences were obtained from the livers of domestic and wild rabbits during the 2020 outbreak in the United States. These represent the first available RHDV2 sequences from the United States. Five rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus type 2 (RHDV2) coding-complete genome sequences were obtained from the livers of domestic and wild rabbits during the 2020 outbreak in the United States. These represent the first available RHDV2 sequences from the United States.
Collapse
|
19
|
Eschbaumer M, Vögtlin A, Paton DJ, Barnabei JL, Sanchez-Vazquez MJ, Pituco EM, Rivera AM, O'Brien D, Nfon C, Brocchi E, Bakkali Kassimi L, Lefebvre DJ, Navarro López R, Maradei E, Duffy SJ, Loitsch A, De Clercq K, King DP, Zientara S, Griot C, Beer M. Non-discriminatory Exclusion Testing as a Tool for the Early Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Incursions. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:552670. [PMID: 33330684 PMCID: PMC7710516 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.552670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endemic circulation of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Africa and Asia poses a continuous risk to countries in Europe, North America, and Oceania which are free from the disease. Introductions of the disease into a free region have dramatic economic impacts, especially if they are not detected at an early stage and controlled rapidly. However, farmers and veterinarians have an obvious disincentive to report clinical signs that are consistent with FMD, due to the severe consequences of raising an official suspicion, such as farm-level quarantine. One way that the risk of late detection can be mitigated is offering non-discriminatory exclusion testing schemes for differential diagnostics, wherein veterinarians can submit samples without the involvement of the competent authority and without sanctions or costs for the farmer. This review considers the benefits and limitations of this approach to improve the early detection of FMD in free countries and gives an overview of the FMD testing schemes currently in use in selected countries in Europe and the Americas as well as in Australia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eschbaumer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Andrea Vögtlin
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Sensemattstrasse, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David J Paton
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie L Barnabei
- National Animal Vaccine and Veterinary Countermeasures Bank, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Greenport, NY, United States
| | | | - Edviges Maristela Pituco
- Centro Panamericano de Fiebre Aftosa y Salud Pública Veterinaria-PANAFTOSA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Dwane O'Brien
- Diagnostic Surveillance and Response, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO, Australian Center for Disease Preparedness, East Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Charles Nfon
- National Center for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Emiliana Brocchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Lombardia e Dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Labib Bakkali Kassimi
- Animal Health Laboratory, UMR1161 Virology, INRAE, Anses, ENVA, Paris-Est Créteil University, Paris, France
| | - David J Lefebvre
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction of Infectious Diseases in Animals, Service for Exotic Viruses and Particular Diseases, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roberto Navarro López
- Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (SENASICA), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Maradei
- Private Consultants for Animal Health and Epidemiology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sergio J Duffy
- Private Consultants for Animal Health and Epidemiology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Kris De Clercq
- Sciensano, Scientific Direction of Infectious Diseases in Animals, Service for Exotic Viruses and Particular Diseases, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Donald P King
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphan Zientara
- Animal Health Laboratory, UMR1161 Virology, INRAE, Anses, ENVA, Paris-Est Créteil University, Paris, France
| | - Christian Griot
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Sensemattstrasse, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Beer
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu F, Wang Q, Huang Y, Wang N, Shan H. A 5-Year Review of Senecavirus A in China since Its Emergence in 2015. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:567792. [PMID: 33134352 PMCID: PMC7561413 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.567792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), previously known as Seneca Valley virus, is classified into the genus Senecavirus in the family Picornaviridae. This virus can cause vesicular disease and epidemic transient neonatal losses in swine. Typical clinical signs include vesicular and/or ulcerative lesions on the snout, oral mucosa, coronary bands and hooves. SVA emerged in Guangdong Province of China in 2015, and thereafter gradually spread into other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (P.A.M.s). Nowadays more than half of the P.A.M.s have been affected by SVA, and asymptomatic infection has occurred in some areas. The phylogenetic analysis shows that China isolates are clustered into five genetic branches, implying a fast evolutionary speed since SVA emergence in 2015. This review presented current knowledge concerning SVA infection in China, including its history, epidemiology, evolutionary characteristics, diagnostics and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yilan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hu Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Genome Sequences of Vesicular Stomatitis Indiana Viruses from the 2019 Outbreak in the Southwest United States. Microbiol Resour Announc 2020; 9:9/38/e00894-20. [PMID: 32943569 PMCID: PMC7498435 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00894-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the genomes of three vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSIV) isolates collected from naturally infected bovines in Wyoming and Colorado during the 2019 outbreak in the United States. These genomes support molecular diagnostic efforts and provide data on the spread and ecology of VSIV in the United States. We report the genomes of three vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSIV) isolates collected from naturally infected bovines in Wyoming and Colorado during the 2019 outbreak in the United States. These genomes support molecular diagnostic efforts and provide data on the spread and ecology of VSIV in the United States.
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu Y, Huang X, Lu D, Feng Y, Xu R, Li X, Yin C, Xue B, Zhao H, Wang S, Ma Y, Jia C. LncRNA SNHG4 promotes the increased growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity via regulating c-Met mediated by miR-148a-3p. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 514:110887. [PMID: 32525017 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate endometriosis. The current study investigated the mechanisms and effects of SNHG4 on endometriosis. The qRT-PCR was conducted to examine the miR-148a-3p and SNHG4 expressions in endometriosis tissues. The 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assay and 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay were used to measure the rate of cell proliferation. The association between miR-148a-3p, SNHG4 and c-Met was confirmed via bioinformatical approach and luciferase reporter gene assay. Also, the function of SNHG4 on the growth of endometriotic lesions was investigated in vivo. The SNHG4 expression was considerably upregulated in endometriosis tissues, whereas the level of miR-148a-3p expression was reduced. In addition, SNHG4 can be considered as ceRNAs that bind miR-148a-3p and rise the proliferation activity of HESCs by downregulating miR-148a-3p. Furthermore, silencing SNHG4 could downregulate the c-Met level by enhancing miR-148a-3p expression, and finally inhibiting endometriosis development in vivo. LncRNA SNHG4 promotes the increased growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity via regulating c-Met mediated by miR-148a-3p, which may be used as diagnostic biomarker as well as molecular target in the treatment of endometriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, PR China
| | - Xiaowu Huang
- Hysteroscopy Center, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, PR China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yuelan Feng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, PR China
| | - Ruonan Xu
- Hysteroscopy Center, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, PR China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, PR China
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, PR China
| | - Bing Xue
- Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Huanying Zhao
- Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Shuyu Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, PR China
| | - Yanmin Ma
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, PR China.
| | - Chanwei Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang J, Mou C, Wang M, Pan S, Chen Z. Transcriptome analysis of senecavirus A-infected cells: Type I interferon is a critical anti-viral factor. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104432. [PMID: 32771656 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA)-associated vesicular disease (SAVD) has extensively been present in the swine industry during the past years. The mechanisms of SVA-host interactions at the molecular level, subsequent to SVA infection, are unclear. We studied the gene expression profiles of LLC-PK1 cells, with or without SVA infection, for 6 h and 12 h using an RNA-seq technology. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Immune-related genes and pathways were significantly modified after SVA infection. To confirm the RNA-seq data, 28 important DEGs were selected for RT-qPCR assays. All DEGs exhibited expression patterns consistent with the RNA-seq results. Among them, type I IFNs (including IFN-α and IFN-β) showed the largest upregulation, followed by RSAD2, DDX58, MX1 and the 17 other DEGs. In contrary, ID2 and another 5 DEGs were down-regulated or unchanged. These results indicated that type I IFNs play a critical role in host immune responses against SVA infection at early stage, while other immune-regulated genes directly or indirectly participate in the host immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Chunxiao Mou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Minmin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Shuonan Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Zhenhai Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mu S, Abdullah SW, Zhang Y, Han S, Guo H, Li M, Dong H, Xu J, Teng Z, Wen X, Sun S. Development of a novel SYBR green I-based quantitative RT-PCR assay for Senecavirus A detection in clinical samples of pigs. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 53:101643. [PMID: 32768439 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Porcine vesicular disease caused by Senecavirus A (SVA) is a newly emerging disease in many countries. Based on clinical signs only, it is very challenging to distinguish SVA infection from other similar diseases, such as foot and mouth disease, swine vesicular disease, and vesicular stomatitis. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a detection assay for the clinical diagnosis of SVA infection. In this study, a pair of specific primers were designed based on the highly conserved L/VP4 gene sequence of SVA. The established SYBR green I-based quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method was used to detect SVA nucleic acids in clinical samples. The limit of detection SVA nucleic acids by qRT-PCR was 6.4 × 101 copies/μL, which was significantly more sensitive than that by gel electrophoresis of 6.4 × 103 copes/μL. This assay was specific and had no cross-reaction with other seven swine viruses. Using SYBR green I-based qRT-PCR, the SVA positive rates in experimental animal samples and field samples were 67.60% (96/142) and 80% (24/30) respectively. The results demonstrate that SYBR green I-based qRT-PCR is a rapid and specific method for the clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of related vesicular diseases caused by SVA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suyu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China
| | - Sahibzada Waheed Abdullah
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China
| | - Shichong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China
| | - Huichen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China; College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingmi Street, Jingzhou District, Jingzhou, 434025, PR China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China
| | - Hu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China
| | - Jin Xu
- Bazhong Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Jiangbei Avenue 1, Bazhong, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhidong Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Hainan Key Lab of Tropical Animal Reproduction and Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research, Haidian Island, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Shiqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Houston E, Temeeyasen G, Piñeyro PE. Comprehensive review on immunopathogenesis, diagnostic and epidemiology of Senecavirus A. Virus Res 2020; 286:198038. [PMID: 32479975 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), formerly known as Seneca Valley virus, is a single-strand, positive-sense RNA virus in the family Picornaviridae. This virus has been associated with recent outbreaks of vesicular disease (SVA-VD) and epidemic transient neonatal losses (ETNL) in several swine-producing countries. The clinical manifestation of and lesion caused by SVA are indistinguishable from other vesicular diseases. Pathogenicity studies indicate that SVA could regulate the host innate immune response to facilitate virus replication and the spread of the virus to bystander cells. SVA infection can induce specific humoral and cellular responses that can be detected within the first week of infection. However, SVA seems to produce persistent infection, and the virus can be shed in oral fluids for a month and detected in tissues for approximately two months after experimental infection. SVA transmission could be horizontal or vertical in infected herds of swine, while positive animals can also remain subclinical. In addition, mice seem to act as reservoirs, and the virus can persist in feed and feed ingredients, increasing the risk of introduction into naïve farms. Besides the pathological effects in swine, SVA possesses cytolytic activity, especially in neoplastic cells. Thus, SVA has been evaluated in phase II clinical trials as a virotherapy for neuroendocrine tumors. The goal of this review is summarize the current SVA-related research in pathogenesis, immunity, epidemiology and advances in diagnosis as well as discuses current challenges with subclinical/persistent presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Houston
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Gun Temeeyasen
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Pablo Enrique Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Joshi LR, Mohr KA, Gava D, Kutish G, Buysse AS, Vannucci FA, Piñeyro PE, Crossley BM, Schiltz JJ, Jenkins-Moore M, Koster L, Tell R, Schaefer R, Marthaler D, Diel DG. Genetic diversity and evolution of the emerging picornavirus Senecavirus A. J Gen Virol 2019; 101:175-187. [PMID: 31859611 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus that causes vesicular disease (VD) in swine. The virus has been circulating in swine in the United Stated (USA) since at least 1988, however, since 2014 a marked increase in the number of SVA outbreaks has been observed in swine worldwide. The factors that led to the emergence of SVA remain unknown. Evolutionary changes that accumulated in the SVA genome over the years may have contributed to the recent increase in disease incidence. Here we compared full-genome sequences of historical SVA strains (identified before 2010) from the USA and global contemporary SVA strains (identified after 2011). The results from the genetic analysis revealed 6.32 % genetic divergence between historical and contemporary SVA isolates. Selection pressure analysis revealed that the SVA polyprotein is undergoing selection, with four amino acid (aa) residues located in the VP1 (aa 735), 2A (aa 941), 3C (aa 1547) and 3D (aa 1850) coding regions being under positive/diversifying selection. Several aa substitutions were observed in the structural proteins (VP1, VP2 and VP3) of contemporary SVA isolates when compared to historical SVA strains. Some of these aa substitutions led to changes in the surface electrostatic potential of the structural proteins. This work provides important insights into the molecular evolution and epidemiology of SVA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lok R Joshi
- Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Present address: Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kristin A Mohr
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Danielle Gava
- Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gerald Kutish
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Alaire S Buysse
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Fabio A Vannucci
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55455, USA
| | - Pablo E Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Beate M Crossley
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - John J Schiltz
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Melinda Jenkins-Moore
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Leo Koster
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Rachel Tell
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Rejane Schaefer
- Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Douglas Marthaler
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55455, USA
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Present address: Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Embrapa Swine and Poultry, Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Y, Das A, Zheng W, Porter E, Xu L, Noll L, Liu X, Dodd K, Jia W, Bai J. Development and evaluation of multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection and differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus and Seneca Valley virus 1. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 67:604-616. [PMID: 31550077 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a highly contagious and economically important vesicular disease in cloven-hoofed animals that is clinically indistinguishable from symptoms caused by Seneca Valley virus 1 (SVV-1). To differentiate SVV-1 from FMDV infections, we developed a SVV-1 real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assay and multiplexed with published FMDV assays. Two published FMDV assays (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 220, 2002, 1636; Journal of Virological Methods, 236, 2016, 258) targeting the 3D polymerase (3D) region were selected and multiplexed with the SVV-1 assay that has two targets, one in the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR, this study) and the other in the 3D region (Journal of Virological Methods, 239, 2017, 34). In silico analysis showed that the primers and probes of SVV-1 assay matched 98.3% of the strain sequences (113/115). The primer and probe sequences of the Shi FMDV assay matched 85.4% (806/944), and that of the Callahan FMDV assay matched 62.7% (592/944) of the sequences. The limit of detection (LOD) for the two multiplex RT-qPCR assays for SVV-1 was both 9 copies per reaction by cloned positive plasmids and 0.16 TCID50 per reaction by cell culture. The LOD for FMDV by both multiplex assays was 11 copies per reaction using cloned positive plasmids. With cell cultures of the seven serotypes of FMDV, the Shi assay (Journal of Virological Methods, 236, 2016, 258) had LODs between 0.04 and 0.18 TCID50 per reaction that were either the same or lower than the Callahan assay. Interestingly, multiplexing with SVV-1 increased the amplification efficiencies of the Callahan assay (Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 220, 2002, 1636) from 51.5%-66.7% to 89.5%-96.6%. Both assays specifically detected the target viruses without cross-reacting to SVV-1 or to other common porcine viruses. An 18S rRNA housekeeping gene that was amplified from multiple cloven-hoofed animal species was used as an internal control. The prevalence study did not detect any FMDV, but SVV-1 was detected from multiple types of swine samples with an overall positive rate of 10.5% for non-serum samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Amaresh Das
- Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, NVSL, APHIS, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, NY, USA
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth Porter
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Lizhe Xu
- Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, NVSL, APHIS, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, NY, USA
| | - Lance Noll
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Xuming Liu
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kimberly Dodd
- Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, NVSL, APHIS, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, NY, USA
| | - Wei Jia
- Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, NVSL, APHIS, Plum Island Animal Disease Center, NY, USA
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Persistent Infection and Transmission of Senecavirus A from Carrier Sows to Contact Piglets. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00819-19. [PMID: 31434730 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00819-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is a picornavirus that causes acute vesicular disease (VD), that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), in pigs. Notably, SVA RNA has been detected in lymphoid tissues of infected animals several weeks following resolution of the clinical disease, suggesting that the virus may persist in select host tissues. Here, we investigated the occurrence of persistent SVA infection and the contribution of stressors (transportation, immunosuppression, or parturition) to acute disease and recrudescence from persistent SVA infection. Our results show that transportation stress leads to a slight increase in disease severity following infection. During persistence, transportation, immunosuppression, and parturition stressors did not lead to overt/recrudescent clinical disease, but intermittent viremia and virus shedding were detected up to day 60 postinfection (p.i.) in all treatment groups following stress stimulation. Notably, real-time PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays confirmed that the tonsil harbors SVA RNA during the persistent phase of infection. Immunofluorescence assays (IFA) specific for double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) demonstrated the presence of double-stranded viral RNA in tonsillar cells. Most importantly, infectious SVA was isolated from the tonsil of two animals on day 60 p.i., confirming the occurrence of carrier animals following SVA infection. These findings were supported by the fact that contact piglets (11/44) born to persistently infected sows were infected by SVA, demonstrating successful transmission of the virus from carrier sows to contact piglets. Results here confirm the establishment of persistent infection by SVA and demonstrate successful transmission of the virus from persistently infected animals.IMPORTANCE Persistent viral infections have significant implications for disease control strategies. Previous studies demonstrated the persistence of SVA RNA in the tonsil of experimentally or naturally infected animals long after resolution of the clinical disease. Here, we showed that SVA establishes persistent infection in SVA-infected animals, with the tonsil serving as one of the sites of virus persistence. Importantly, persistently infected carrier animals shedding SVA in oral and nasal secretions or feces can serve as sources of infection to other susceptible animals, as evidenced by successful transmission of SVA from persistently infected sows to contact piglets. These findings unveil an important aspect of SVA infection biology, suggesting that persistently infected pigs may function as reservoirs for SVA.
Collapse
|
29
|
Li H, Hong J, Wijayakulathilaka WSMA. Long non-coding RNA SNHG4 promotes cervical cancer progression through regulating c-Met via targeting miR-148a-3p. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:3313-3324. [PMID: 31590627 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1674071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG4 has been shown to be associated with the development of a variety of cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of SNHG4 on cervical cancer (CC) and the corresponding mechanism. The qRT-PCR was used to determine the expressions of SNHG4 and miR-148a-3p in CC cell lines and tissues. Cell apoptosis and proliferation were measured by flow cytometry and MTT assay, respectively. The interaction between SNHG4, miR-148a-3p and c-Met was verified by bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and the effect of SNHG4 on the growth of CC tumor in vivo was explored. The expression of SNHG4 was increased in both CC cell lines and tissues, while the expression of miR-148a-3p was down-regulated. Meanwhile, silencing SNHG4 remarkably inhibited CC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. In addition, miR-148a-3p was a direct target gene of SNHG4, and down-regulation of miR-148a-3p could observably reverse the effect of silencing SNHG4 on the proliferation and apoptosis of CC cells. More importantly, SNHG4 could up-regulate the expression of c-Met by targeting and interacting with miR-148a-3p. Finally, in vivo experiments confirmed that silence SNHG4 down-regulated the expression of c-Met by promoting miR-148a-3p, and ultimately suppressed the growth of CC tumor in vivo. In conclusion, SNHG4 could be used as a competitive endogenous RNA to bind to miR-148a-3p, thereby up-regulating the expression of c-Met and ultimately promoting the progression of CC, which provided a potential therapeutic target for the targeted treatment of CC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanchen Li
- Foreign Department-Department of Clinical Medicine, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Jiang Hong
- Foreign Department-Department of Clinical Medicine, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen L, Zhang J, Wang M, Pan S, Mou C, Chen Z. Pathogenicity of two Chinese Seneca Valley virus (SVV) strains in pigs. Microb Pathog 2019; 136:103695. [PMID: 31449854 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) has been identified as the causative agent of SVV-associated vesicular disease (SAVD). To investigate the pathogenicity of two newly isolated SVV strains (GD-S5/2018 and GD04/2017) in China, experimental infections of pigs were performed. In pig experiments, both SVV strains successfully infected all animals, evidenced by presence of virus shedding and robust protective antibody responses. SVV GD-S5/2018 infection resulted in characteristic clinical signs, and ulcerative lesions on the tongue and gums. However, SVV GD04/2017 did not cause any clinical symptoms except depression in pigs during the experiment. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SVV GD-S5/2018 is a virulent strain for pigs, whereas SVV GD04/2017 is nearly avirulent. The established animal models for SVV infection will be utilized to dissect the immunity and pathogenesis, and develop vaccines and antivirals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Jialong Zhang
- Beijing Zhongruitongda Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
| | - Minmin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Shuonan Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Chunxiao Mou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China.
| | - Zhenhai Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang J, Nfon C, Tsai CF, Lee CH, Fredericks L, Chen Q, Sinha A, Bade S, Harmon K, Piñeyro P, Gauger P, Tsai YL, Wang HTT, Lee PYA. Development and evaluation of a real-time RT-PCR and a field-deployable RT-insulated isothermal PCR for the detection of Seneca Valley virus. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:168. [PMID: 31126297 PMCID: PMC6534938 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Seneca Valley virus (SVV) has emerged in multiple countries in recent years. SVV infection can cause vesicular lesions clinically indistinguishable from those caused by other vesicular disease viruses, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV). Sensitive and specific RT-PCR assays for the SVV detection is necessary for differential diagnosis. Real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) has been used for the detection of many RNA viruses. The insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) on a portable POCKIT™ device is user friendly for on-site pathogen detection. In the present study, SVV rRT-PCR and RT-iiPCR were developed and validated. Results Neither the SVV rRT-PCR nor the RT-iiPCR cross-reacted with any of the vesicular disease viruses (20 FMDV, two SVDV, six VSV, and two VESV strains), classical swine fever virus (four strains), and 15 other common swine viruses. Analytical sensitivities of the SVV rRT-PCR and RT-iiPCR were determined using serial dilutions of in vitro transcribed RNA as well as viral RNA extracted from a historical SVV isolate and a contemporary SVV isolate. Diagnostic performances were further evaluated using 125 swine samples by two approaches. First, nucleic acids were extracted from the 125 samples using the MagMAX™ kit and then tested by both RT-PCR methods. One sample was negative by the rRT-PCR but positive by the RT-iiPCR, resulting in a 99.20% agreement (124/125; 95% CI: 96.59–100%, κ = 0.98). Second, the 125 samples were tested by the taco™ mini extraction/RT-iiPCR and by the MagMAX™ extraction/rRT-PCR system in parallel. Two samples were positive by the MagMAX™/rRT-PCR system but negative by the taco™ mini/RT-iiPCR system, resulting in a 98.40% agreement (123/125; 95% CI: 95.39–100%, κ = 0.97). The two samples with discrepant results had relatively high CT values. Conclusions The SVV rRT-PCR and RT-iiPCR developed in this study are very sensitive and specific and have comparable diagnostic performances for SVV RNA detection. The SVV rRT-PCR can be adopted for SVV detection in laboratories. The SVV RT-iiPCR in a simple field-deployable system could serve as a tool to help diagnose vesicular diseases in swine at points of need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Charles Nfon
- National Center for Foreign Animal Diseases, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | | | - Lindsay Fredericks
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Avanti Sinha
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Sarah Bade
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Karen Harmon
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Pablo Piñeyro
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Phillip Gauger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pinheiro-de-Oliveira TF, Fonseca-Júnior AA, Camargos MF, Laguardia-Nascimento M, Giannattasio-Ferraz S, Cottorello ACP, de Oliveira AM, Góes-Neto A, Barbosa-Stancioli EF. Reverse transcriptase droplet digital PCR to identify the emerging vesicular virus Senecavirus A in biological samples. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:1360-1369. [PMID: 30864242 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) belonging to the family Picornaviridae, genus Senecavirus was incidentally isolated in 2002 from the PER.C6 (transformed foetal retinoblast) cell line. However, currently, this virus is associated with vesicular disease in swine and it has been reported in countries such as the United States of America, Canada, China, Thailand and Colombia. In Brazil, the SVA was firstly reported in 2015 in outbreaks of vesicular disease in swine, clinically indistinguishable of Foot-and-mouth disease, a contagious viral disease that generates substantial economic losses. In the present work, it was standardized a diagnostic tool for SVA based on RNA reverse transcriptase droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) using one-step and two-step approaches. Analytical sensitivity and specificity were done in parallel with real-time PCR, RT-qPCR (one-step and two-step) for comparison of sensitivity and specificity of both methods. In the standardization of RT-ddPCR, the double-quenched probe and the temperature gradient were crucial to reduce background and improve amplitude between positive and negative droplets. The limit of detection and analytical specificity of techniques of one-step techniques showed superior performance than two-step methods described here. Additionally, the results showed 94.2% concordance (p < 0.001) for RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR using the one-step assay approach and biological samples from Brazilian outbreaks of Senecavirus A. However, ddRT-PCR had a better performance than RT-PCR when swine serum pools were tested. According to the results, the one-step RT-ddPCR and RT-qPCR is highlighted to be used as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for Senecavirus A and for viral RNA absolute quantification in biological samples (RT-ddPCR), being a useful tool for vesicular diseases control programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - A A Fonseca-Júnior
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M F Camargos
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M Laguardia-Nascimento
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - A C P Cottorello
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A M de Oliveira
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A Góes-Neto
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fernandes MHV, Maggioli MF, Otta J, Joshi LR, Lawson S, Diel DG. Senecavirus A 3C Protease Mediates Host Cell Apoptosis Late in Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:363. [PMID: 30918505 PMCID: PMC6424860 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), an oncolytic picornavirus used for cancer treatment in humans, has recently emerged as a vesicular disease (VD)-causing agent in swine worldwide. Notably, SVA-induced VD is indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) and other high-consequence VDs of pigs. Here we investigated the role of apoptosis on infection and replication of SVA. Given the critical role of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway on modulation of cell death, we first assessed activation of NF-κB during SVA infection. Results here show that while early during infection SVA induces activation of NF-κB, as evidenced by nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65 and NF-κB-mediated transcription, late in infection a cleaved product corresponding to the C-terminus of NF-κB-p65 is detected in infected cells, resulting in lower NF-κB transcriptional activity. Additionally, we assessed the potential role of SVA 3C protease (3Cpro) in SVA-induced host-cell apoptosis and cleavage of NF-κB-p65. Transient expression of SVA 3Cpro was associated with cleavage of NF-κB-p65 and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), suggesting its involvement in virus-induced apoptosis. Most importantly, we showed that while cleavage of NF-κB-p65 is secondary to caspase activation, the proteolytic activity of SVA 3Cpro is essential for induction of apoptosis. Experiments using the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK confirmed the relevance of late apoptosis for SVA infection, indicating that SVA induces apoptosis, presumably, as a mechanism to facilitate virus release and/or spread from infected cells. Together, these results suggest an important role of apoptosis for SVA infection biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Diego G. Diel
- Animal Disease Research And Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Buckley A, Kulshreshtha V, van Geelen A, Montiel N, Guo B, Yoon KJ, Lager K. Experimental Seneca Valley virus infection in market-weight gilts. Vet Microbiol 2019; 231:7-10. [PMID: 30955826 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a picornavirus that causes vesicular disease in swine. Since it is clinically indistinguishable from vesicular disease caused by food-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), investigations must be performed to rule out this high consequence pathogen. A large portion of these investigations have involved market-weight swine at slaughter plants. The objective of this study was to describe acute infection dynamics of market-weight gilts (8 months of age) experimentally infected with SVV. At 0 days post inoculation (dpi) all gilts (n=15) were given an intranasal SVV inoculation. Vesicular lesions on the coronary band were first observed on one or more feet by 2 dpi in 4 of the 15 gilts and in all by 5 dpi. Vesicles on the snout were observed in 6 of the 15 gilts beginning at 4 dpi. All gilts became viremic post challenge for about 7 days and developed anti-SVV neutralizing antibodies by 7 dpi. Most vesicular lesions were resolved by 14 dpi. Understanding the pathogenesis of SVV is critical in order to inform decisions that veterinarians and producers must make at the farm level to control this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Buckley
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Vikas Kulshreshtha
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Albert van Geelen
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Nestor Montiel
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Baoqing Guo
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Kyoung-Jin Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
| | - Kelly Lager
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agriculture Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hartline CB, Conner RL, James SH, Potter J, Gray E, Estrada J, Tector M, Tector AJ, Prichard MN. Xenotransplantation panel for the detection of infectious agents in pigs. Xenotransplantation 2019; 25:e12427. [PMID: 30264882 PMCID: PMC6166664 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent advances in xenotransplantation have produced organs from pigs that are well tolerated in primate models because of genetic changes engineered to delete major antigens from donor animals. To ensure the safety of human transplant recipients, it will be essential to understand both the spectrum of infectious agents in donor pigs and their potential to be transmitted to immunocompromised transplant recipients. Equally important will be the development of new highly sensitive diagnostic methods for use in the detection of these agents in donor animals and for the monitoring of transplant recipients. Methods Herein, we report the development of a panel of 30 quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays for infectious agents with the potential to be transmitted to the human host. The reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity of each assay were evaluated and were found to exhibit analytic sensitivity that was similar to that of quantitative assays used to perform viral load testing of human viruses in clinical laboratories. Results This analytical approach was used to detect nucleic acids of infectious agents present in specimens from 9 sows and 22 piglets derived by caesarean section. The most commonly detected targets in adult animals were Mycoplasma species and two distinct herpesviruses, porcine lymphotrophic herpesvirus 2 and 3. A total of 14 piglets were derived from three sows infected with either or both herpesviruses, yet none tested positive for the viruses indicating that vertical transmission of these viruses is inefficient. Conclusions The data presented demonstrate that procedures in place are highly sensitive and can specifically detect nucleic acids from target organisms in the panel, thus ensuring the safety of organs for transplantation as well as the monitoring of patients potentially receiving them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroll B Hartline
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ra'Shun L Conner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Scott H James
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jennifer Potter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Edward Gray
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jose Estrada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mathew Tector
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - A Joseph Tector
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark N Prichard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang M, Chen L, Pan S, Mou C, Shi K, Chen Z. Molecular evolution and characterization of novel Seneca Valley virus (SVV) strains in South China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 69:1-7. [PMID: 30639519 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is an emerging swine virus associated with porcine vesicular disease. From June to the end of 2017, five SVV strains were isolated from the swine herds in Guangdong, China. Complete genomic sequences of these newly discovered SVV strains were analyzed by genomic and phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that these SVV strains could be grouped into five genetic branches together with most of other Chinese strains. Interestingly, it is for the first time that a stretch of 11-nucleotide insertion was found in the 5' UTR region of SVV GD04/2017 strain. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF and VP1 genes showed that the SVV GD06/2017 strain is significantly distinct from all previous Chinese SVV strains. Furthermore, the five SVV strains displayed similar growth kinetics in the ST-R cell line, while the SVV GD04/2017 and GD06/2017 strains presented relatively slower rates than the GD01/2017 and GD03/2017 strains. The findings of this study indicate the emergence of novel SVV strains in China, which would increase the knowledge about SVV genetic diversity and reinforce the importance of SVV surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China
| | - Shuonan Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China
| | - Chunxiao Mou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China
| | - Kaichuang Shi
- Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenhai Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, JS, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Armson B, Walsh C, Morant N, Fowler V, Knowles NJ, Clark D. The development of two field-ready reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for the rapid detection of Seneca Valley virus 1. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:497-504. [PMID: 30372584 PMCID: PMC6434928 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus 1 (SVV-1) has been associated with vesicular disease in swine, with clinical signs indistinguishable from those of other notifiable vesicular diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease. Rapid and accurate detection of SVV-1 is central to confirm the disease causing agent, and to initiate the implementation of control processes. The development of rapid, cost-effective diagnostic assays that can be used at the point of sample collection has been identified as a gap in preparedness for the control of SVV-1. This study describes the development and bench validation of two reverse transcription loop-mediated amplification (RT-LAMP) assays targeting the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) and the VP3-1 region for the detection of SVV-1 that may be performed at the point of sample collection. Both assays were able to demonstrate amplification of all neat samples diluted 1/100 in negative pig epithelium tissue suspension within 8 min, when RNA was extracted prior to the RT-LAMP assay, and no amplification was observed for the other viruses tested. Simple sample preparation methods using lyophilized reagents were investigated, to negate the requirement for RNA extraction. Only a small delay in the time to amplification was observed for these lyophilized reagents, with a time from sample receipt to amplification achieved within 12 min. Although diagnostic validation is recommended, these RT-LAMP assays are highly sensitive and specific, with the potential to be a useful tool in the rapid diagnosis of SVV-1 in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryony Armson
- The Pirbright InstitutePirbrightSurreyUK
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative MedicineCollege of Medical, Veterinary & Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
- GeneSys Biotech LimitedCamberleySurreyUK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu C, Li X, Liang L, Li J, Cui S. Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of an emerging Senecavirus A in China, 2017. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 68:77-83. [PMID: 30529721 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), which is associated with porcine vesicular disease and high mortality in neonatal piglets, is a small non-enveloped RNA virus and a member of Picornaviridae family. An emerging SVA strain, named SVA CH/FuJ/2017, was isolated from vesicular liquid and vesicular lesion tissue from piglets with vesicular disease in Fujian province, China. In our study, the complete genome sequence of SVA CH/FuJ/2017 strain has been determined. The viral genome was 7285 nt in length. The homology analysis indicated that the gene sequences of polyprotein and VP1 in SVA CH/FuJ/2017 shared highest nucleotide identities with American SVA isolates; and polyprotein showed the highest similarity with American SVA isolates. The phylogenetic analysis based on polyprotein and VP1 nucleotide sequences indicated that SVA CH/FuJ/2017 was closely related to American SVA isolates. The results revealed that the novel SVA strain was closely related to those SVA strains that were isolated in America. Hence, the retrospective study is important for tracing the probable origin of China SVA strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cun Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Observation Station for Veterinary Drug and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiubo Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Observation Station for Veterinary Drug and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Liang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Observation Station for Veterinary Drug and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinxiang Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shangjin Cui
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Observation Station for Veterinary Drug and Veterinary Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Lin X, Chen Z, Wu S. Development of a novel reverse transcription droplet digital PCR assay for the sensitive detection of Senecavirus A. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 66:517-525. [PMID: 30375741 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In pigs, Senecavirus A (SVA) causes a vesicular disease that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and swine vesicular disease. Sensitive and specific detection of SVA is critical for controlling this emerging disease. In this study, a novel reverse transcription droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) assay, targeting the conserved viral polymerase 3D gene, was established for the detection of SVA. This assay exhibited good linearity, repeatability and reproducibility, and maintained linearity at extremely low concentrations of SVA nucleic acid templates. The detection limit of RT-ddPCR was 1.53 ± 0.22 copies of SVA RNA per reaction (n = 8), and the assay showed approximately 10-fold greater sensitivity than a reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-rPCR) assay. Moreover, specificity analysis showed that the RT-ddPCR for SVA had no cross-reactivity with other important swine pathogens. In clinical diagnosis of 134 pig serum and tissue samples, 26 and 21 samples were identified as positive by RT-ddPCR and RT-rPCR, respectively. The overall agreement between the two assays was 96.27% (129/134). Further linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the RT-ddPCR and RT-rPCR assays with an R2 value of 0.9761. Our results indicate that the RT-ddPCR assay is a robust diagnostic tool for the sensitive detection of SVA, even in samples with a low viral load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhang
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Yongning Zhang
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangmei Lin
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoqiang Wu
- Institute of Animal Quarantine, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Buckley A, Montiel N, Guo B, Kulshreshtha V, van Geelen A, Hoang H, Rademacher C, Yoon KJ, Lager K. Dexamethasone treatment did not exacerbate Seneca Valley virus infection in nursery-age pigs. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:352. [PMID: 30453952 PMCID: PMC6245856 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senecavirus A, commonly known as Seneca Valley virus (SVV), is a picornavirus that has been infrequently associated with porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD). In late 2014 there were multiple PIVD outbreaks in several states in Brazil and samples from those cases tested positive for SVV. Beginning in July of 2015, multiple cases of PIVD were reported in the United States in which a genetically similar SVV was also detected. These events suggested SVV could induce vesicular disease, which was recently demonstrated with contemporary US isolates that produced mild disease in pigs. It was hypothesized that stressful conditions may exacerbate the expression of clinical disease and the following experiment was performed. Two groups of 9-week-old pigs were given an intranasal SVV challenge with one group receiving an immunosuppressive dose of dexamethasone prior to challenge. After challenge animals were observed for the development of clinical signs and serum and swabs were collected to study viral shedding and antibody production. In addition, pigs were euthanized 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 days post inoculation (dpi) to demonstrate tissue distribution of virus during acute infection. RESULTS Vesicular disease was experimentally induced in both groups with the duration and magnitude of clinical signs similar between groups. During acute infection [0-14 days post infection (dpi)], SVV was detected by PCR in serum, nasal swabs, rectal swabs, various tissues, and in swabs from ruptured vesicles. From 15 to 30 dpi, virus was less consistently detected in nasal and rectal swabs, and absent from most serum samples. Virus neutralizing antibody was detected by 5 dpi and lasted until the end of the study. CONCLUSION Treatment with an immunosuppressive dose of dexamethasone did not drastically alter the clinical disease course of SVV in experimentally infected nursery aged swine. A greater understanding of SVV pathogenesis and factors that could exacerbate disease can help the swine industry with control and prevention strategies directed against this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Buckley
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Nestor Montiel
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA.,Present address: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Avian Viruses Section, Diagnostic Virology Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Baoqing Guo
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Vikas Kulshreshtha
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA.,Present address: Toxikon Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Albert van Geelen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Hai Hoang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Christopher Rademacher
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kyoung-Jin Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kelly Lager
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, 1920 Dayton Avenue, PO Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
The Distribution of Different Clades of Seneca Valley Viruses in Guangdong Province, China. Virol Sin 2018; 33:394-401. [PMID: 30328012 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-018-0056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a newly determined etiological agent of vesicular disease in swine, causes porcine idiopathic disease and occasional acute death in piglets. Recently, an increased number of SVV infection cases have been reported in the United States (US) and China, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry. The first identification of SVV in China was reported in Guangdong Province, a major swine producing province. The cases of SVV were continuously reported in Guangdong in 2015 and 2016. However, the spread of SVV in Guangdong in 2017 remains unknown. In this study, we determined two new SVV strains, CH-GD-2017-1 and CH-GD-2017-2, from Guangdong. The genetic analysis suggested that the two Guangdong strains showed different characteristics to previous Guangdong strains. They showed lower nucleotide similarity with strains isolated in 2015 and 2016, and were more similar to the US strains. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the new strains were clustered in a different clade with previous Guangdong strains. We found 28 mutated amino acids in the new strains, compared with the first Guangdong strain, SVV CH-01-2015. In the geographic analysis, we found that the US and China reported more SVV cases than other countries, and most of the SVV cases were reported in east and central China-of which, Guangdong Province is one of the major epidemic regions. In conclusion, our findings indicate that SVV continued to spread in Guangdong Province in 2017, and two different clades of SVVs have emerged in this region.
Collapse
|
42
|
Pathogenicity and cross-reactive immune responses of a historical and a contemporary Senecavirus A strains in pigs. Virology 2018; 522:147-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
43
|
Zeng F, Cong F, Liu X, Lian Y, Wu M, Xiao L, Yuan W, Huang R, Ma J, Guo P, Luo M. Development of a real time loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for detection of Senecavirus A. J Virol Methods 2018; 261:98-103. [PMID: 30096349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), formerly known as Seneca Valley Virus (SVV), is one of causative agents of vesicular diseases in swine. Recently, the outbreaks associated with vesicular disease caused by SVA infection in pig herds have been reported in Brazil, USA, China, Thailand and Canada. Several molecular detection methods have been established to determine the infection of SVA, including real time reverse transcription PCR assay, nested PCR, a TaqMan-based qRT-PCR assay and RNA-based in situ hybridization method. In our study, an assay for the identification of SVA in pig herds using real time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (real time RT-LAMP) was developed. The limit of detection for the assay was 1 TCID50/ml. One hundred and eighteen field samples from pigs were used to validate the assay for clinical application. Our result demonstrated that real time RT-LAMP assay is a cost-effective and highly specific and sensitive alternative for the rapid detection of SVA in clinical samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanwen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Feng Cong
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Xiangnan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Yuexiao Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Miaoli Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Li Xiao
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Wen Yuan
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Ren Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Jingyun Ma
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Pengju Guo
- Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou 510633, China.
| | - Manlin Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Saeng-Chuto K, Stott CJ, Wegner M, Kaewprommal P, Piriyapongsa J, Nilubol D. The full-length genome characterization, genetic diversity and evolutionary analyses of Senecavirus A isolated in Thailand in 2016. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 64:32-45. [PMID: 29890334 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is a novel picornavirus that causes porcine idiopathic vesicular disease characterized by lameness, coronary band hyperemia, and vesicles on the snout and coronary bands. An increase in the detection rate of SVA in several countries suggests that the disease has become a widespread problem. Herein, we report the detection of SVA in Thailand and the characterization of full-length genomic sequences of six Thai SVA isolates. Phylogenetic, genetic, recombination, and evolutionary analyses were performed. The full-length genome, excluding the poly (A) tail of the Thai SVA isolates, was 7282 nucleotides long, with the genomic organization resembling other previously reported SVA isolates. Phylogenetic and genetic analyses based on full-length genome demonstrated that the Thai SVA isolates were grouped in a novel cluster, separated from SVA isolates from other countries. Although the Thai SVA isolates were closely related to 11-55910-3, the first SVA isolate from Canada, with 97.9-98.2%, but they are different. Evolutionary and recombinant analyses suggested that the Thai SVA isolates shared a common ancestor with the 11-55910-3 isolate. The positive selection in the VP4 and 3D genes suggests that the virus was not externally introduced, but rather continuously evolved in the population prior to the first detection. Addition, the presence of SVA could have been ignored due to the presence of other pathogens causing similar clinical diseases. This study warrants further investigations into molecular epidemiology and genetic evolution of the SVA in Thailand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kepalee Saeng-Chuto
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Matthew Wegner
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pavita Kaewprommal
- Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jittima Piriyapongsa
- Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Dachrit Nilubol
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang X, Zhu Z, Yang F, Cao W, Tian H, Zhang K, Zheng H, Liu X. Review of Seneca Valley Virus: A Call for Increased Surveillance and Research. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:940. [PMID: 29867849 PMCID: PMC5958643 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Seneca Valley virus (SVV) has recently caused many vesicular diseases in pigs in different regions and countries. As a newly causative agent of porcine vesicular disease, SVV has evolved and spread quickly. It causes clinical signs similar to those of foot-and-mouth disease and results in significant economic losses. An increasing number of SVV outbreaks were reported in 2016 and 2017 in Brazil, United States, and China. However, few diagnostic methods have been established and no commercial vaccine has been available until now. Therefore, more attention needs to be paid to SVV, and urgent surveillance should be performed to prevent the spread of this virus. Although recent research has shed some light on SVV, there are still many aspects of the virus and the disease that are not yet fully understood, and many questions need to be resolved. This review presents current knowledge concerning SVV infection, epidemiology, pathogenicity, immune response, and diagnostic methods. This information will aid the design and adoption of effective prevention and control strategies to counter this viral pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zixiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Keshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated cell culture-derived Seneca Valley virus vaccine in pigs. Vaccine 2018; 36:841-846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
47
|
Adaptive Immune Responses following Senecavirus A Infection in Pigs. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.01717-17. [PMID: 29142122 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01717-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), an emerging picornavirus of swine, causes vesicular disease (VD) that is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in pigs. Many aspects of SVA interactions with the host and the host immune responses to infection, however, remain unknown. In the present study, humoral and cellular immune responses to SVA were evaluated following infection in pigs. We show that SVA infection elicited an early and robust virus-neutralizing (VN) antibody response, which coincided and was strongly correlated with VP2- and VP3-specific IgM responses. Notably, the neutralizing antibody (NA) responses paralleled the reduction of viremia and resolution of the disease. Analysis of the major porcine T-cell subsets revealed that during the acute/clinical phase of SVA infection (14 days postinfection [p.i.]), T-cell responses were characterized by an increased frequency of αβ T cells, especially CD4+ T cells, which were first detected by day 7 p.i. and increased in frequency until day 14 p.i. Additionally, the frequency of CD8+ and double-positive CD4+ CD8+ T cells (effector/memory T cells) expressing interferon gamma (IFN-γ) or proliferating in response to SVA antigen stimulation increased after day 10 p.i. Results presented here show that SVA elicits B- and T-cell activation early upon infection, with IgM antibody levels being correlated with early neutralizing activity against the virus and peak B- and T-cell responses paralleling clinical resolution of the disease. The work provides important insights into the immunological events that follow SVA infection in the natural host.IMPORTANCE Senecavirus A (SVA) has recently emerged in swine, causing outbreaks of vesicular disease (VD) in major swine-producing countries around the world, including the United States, Brazil, China, Thailand, and Colombia. Notably, SVA-induced disease is clinically indistinguishable from other high-consequence VDs of swine, such as FMD, swine vesicular disease, vesicular stomatitis, and vesicular exanthema of swine. Despite the clinical relevance of SVA-induced VD, many aspects of the virus infection biology remain unknown. Here, we assessed host immune responses to SVA infection. The results show that SVA infection elicits early B- and T-cell responses, with the levels of VN antibody and CD4+ T-cell responses paralleling the reduction of viremia and resolution of the disease. SVA-specific CD8+ T cells are detected later during infection. A better understanding of SVA interactions with the host immune system may allow the design and implementation of improved control strategies for this important pathogen of swine.
Collapse
|
48
|
Development of a SYBR green-based real-time quantitative PCR assay to detect PCV3 in pigs. J Virol Methods 2018; 251:129-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
49
|
Wan Q, Chen S, Shan Z, Yang Z, Chen L, Zhang C, Yuan S, Hao Q, Zhang X, Qiu D, Chen H, Zhou X. Stability evaluation of reference genes for gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR in soybean under different conditions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189405. [PMID: 29236756 PMCID: PMC5728501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR is a sensitive and widely used technique to quantify gene expression. To achieve a reliable result, appropriate reference genes are highly required for normalization of transcripts in different samples. In this study, 9 previously published reference genes (60S, Fbox, ELF1A, ELF1B, ACT11, TUA5, UBC4, G6PD, CYP2) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] were selected. The expression stability of the 9 genes was evaluated under conditions of biotic stress caused by infection with soybean mosaic virus, nitrogen stress, across different cultivars and developmental stages. ΔCt and geNorm algorithms were used to evaluate and rank the expression stability of the 9 reference genes. Results obtained from two algorithms showed high consistency. Moreover, results of pairwise variation showed that two reference genes were sufficient to normalize the expression levels of target genes under each experimental setting. For virus infection, ELF1A and ELF1B were the most stable reference genes for accurate normalization. For different developmental stages, Fbox and G6PD had the highest expression stability between two soybean cultivars (Tanlong No. 1 and Tanlong No. 2). ELF1B and ACT11 were identified as the most stably expressed reference genes both under nitrogen stress and among different cultivars. The results showed that none of the candidate reference genes were uniformly expressed at different conditions, and selecting appropriate reference genes was pivotal for gene expression studies with particular condition and tissue. The most stable combination of genes identified in this study will help to achieve more accurate and reliable results in a wide variety of samples in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wan
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuilian Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihui Shan
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhonglu Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Limiao Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Songli Yuan
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinnan Hao
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Dezhen Qiu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chen Y, Xu Q, Tan C, Li X, Chi X, Cai B, Yu Z, Ma Y, Chen JL. Genomic analysis of codon usage shows influence of mutation pressure, natural selection, and host features on Senecavirus A evolution. Microb Pathog 2017; 112:313-319. [PMID: 28943149 PMCID: PMC7172466 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) infection was recently confirmed in pigs in Brazil, United States of America and Canada. To better understand the molecular characteristics of isolated SVA genomes, we first reported genome-wide comprehensive analyses of codon usage and various factors that have contribute to the molecular evolution in SVA. The effective number of codons (ENC) ranged from 54.51 to 55.54 with an average of 54.87 ± 0.285, which reveals a relatively stable nucleotide composition. We found that codon usage bias of the SVA was low. Mutational pressure acted as an increasingly dominant factor for the evolution of the virus compared with the natural selection. Notably, codon usage bias was also affected by the geographic distribution and isolated time. The first systemic analysis on the codon usage bias of the SVA provides important information for the understanding of the evolution of the SVA and has fundamental and theoretical benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Quanming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chi
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Binxiang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ziding Yu
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanmei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ji-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|