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AKSOY SD, ERGİN A, ÖZDEMİR S, BABADAĞLI B. The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women's Mental Helath in Turkey and What these Effects Suggest. KOU Sag Bil Derg 2023. [DOI: 10.30934/kusbed.1192075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply affected societies and individuals in all aspects, including mental and physical health. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of COVID 19 pandemic on anxiety and depression levels and related factors in women.
Methods: As a descriptive cross-sectional study, it was conducted with a total of 728 women between December 2020 and March 2021. Data were collected by Google survey using the descriptive information form, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
Results: Having concerns about own health had a strong effect on coronavirus-related anxiety (p<0.001, η2 = 0.037) and the anxiety dimension of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (p<0.001, η2 = 0.098). Marital relationships had a strong effect on HADS depression dimension scores (p<0.001, η2 = 0.067).
Conclusion: The younger women, those who had problematic marital relationship and those who were exposed to domestic violence had higher anxiety and depression scores. Relevant measures should be taken to reduce the concerns of more risky groups, especially women, in the health system and should be considered in future planning on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayla ERGİN
- KOCAELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
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Villanueva-Blasco VJ, Villanueva-Silvestre V, Vázquez-Martínez A, de Vicente LP, Pérez-Gálvez B. Depression, Suicidal Ideation, and Consumption of Psychotropic Drugs During Lockdown by COVID-19 According to Gender and Age. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022:1-17. [PMID: 36465995 PMCID: PMC9684782 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00962-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to analyze the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation and psychotropic drugs use during COVID-19 lockdown in adult population considering gender and age. The method used is a descriptive and non-probabilistic study, with a convenience sampling of 3780 participants (70.1% female), aged 18-64 years (M = 37.8). 18.3% participants presented depression and 5.1% exhibited suicidal ideation. The depression rate for female was double (21.4%) than male and 5 times higher (30.2%) for the youngest participants (18-24 years old) compared to oldest (55-64 years old), being this rate triple in suicidal ideation (9%). Depression correlated positively with tranquilizers and sleeping pills' consumption; and suicidal ideation did so with tranquilizers and sedatives. The rate of tranquilizer users was 8 times higher for severe depression compared to those who did not present depression, 5 times higher for sleeping pills, and 6 times higher for sedatives. The rate of tranquilizer users exhibiting suicidal ideation was more than triple than those who did not present suicidal ideation, between 3 and 4 times higher for sleeping pills, and almost 7 times higher for sedatives. The higher the level of depression and suicidal ideation during lockdown, the greater the consumption of psychotropic drugs. The consumption of psychotropic drugs should be monitored in people with depression and suicidal ideation during periods of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor J. Villanueva-Blasco
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Vázquez-Martínez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, C/ Pintor Sorolla, 21, 46002 Valencia, Spain
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Gerstner RM, Narváez F, Leske S, Troya MI, Analuisa-Aguilar P, Spittal MJ, Gunnell D. Police-reported suicides during the first 16 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador: A time-series analysis of trends and risk factors until June 2021. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2022; 14:100324. [PMID: 35912285 PMCID: PMC9310552 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background There are widespread concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic may increase suicides. Few studies have analysed effects beyond the pandemic's early months or examined changes in known suicide risk factors. Methods Using time series models fit with Poisson regression, we analysed monthly police-reported suicides in Ecuador from January 2015 to June 2021. Treating March 2020 as the start of the pandemic, we calculated rate ratios (RRs) comparing the observed to the expected number of suicides for the total population and by age and sex groups. We investigated changes in risk factors, precipitants, geographic distribution, and suicide methods. Findings There was no evidence that suicide rates were higher than expected during the pandemic (RR 0·97 [95% CI 0·92–1·02]). There was some evidence of fewer than expected male suicides (RR 0·95 [95% CI 0·90–1·00]). The proportion of suicides occurring in urban and coastal areas increased but decreased amongst indigenous and other minorities. The proportions of suicides with evidence of alcohol consumption, disability, and amongst married and cohabiting individuals decreased, whereas suicides where mental health problems were considered contributory increased. There were relative increases in the proportion of suicides by hanging but decreases in self-poisoning and other suicide methods. Interpretation The pandemic did not appear to adversely impact overall suicide numbers nationwide during the first 16 months of the pandemic. Reduced alcohol consumption may have contributed to the decline in male suicides. Funding None.
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Dominguez-Rodriguez A, De La Rosa-Gómez A. A Perspective on How User-Centered Design Could Improve the Impact of Self-Applied Psychological Interventions in Low- or Middle-Income Countries in Latin America. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:866155. [PMID: 35721795 PMCID: PMC9201073 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.866155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global technological progress has generated alternatives for psychological assistance, both for the evaluation and for the treatment of different emotional disorders. Evidence suggests that Internet-based treatments are effective for the treatment of anxiety and depression disorders. However, in Latin America online treatments are still scarce compared to developed countries and have similar problems as developed countries, such as high dropout rate. One possible solution to help decrease the dropout rate is to design and develop online interventions based on the needs and characteristics of the users. The user-centered design (UCD) is a fundamental concept to develop successful online interventions. The objective of this article is to provide a perspective overview on how UCD could improve the impact of self-applied psychological interventions in low- or middle-income countries in Latin America; however this proposal can also be applied in low- and middle-income countries in other regions of the world. The literature on UCD has demonstrated its efficacy when properly applied in online interventions; however, it is not common to see how this methodology has been applied in research in online interventions, and regarding Latin America, this is even more scarce with a very limited number of articles implementing the principles of UCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anabel De La Rosa-Gómez
- Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Anabel De La Rosa-Gómez
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Nguyen MX, Reyes HL, Pence BW, Muessig KE, Hutton HE, Latkin CA, Dowdy D, Chander G, Lancaster KE, Frangakis C, Sripaipan T, Tran HV, Go VF. Effects of Two Alcohol Reduction Interventions on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms of ART Clients in Vietnam. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:1829-1840. [PMID: 34807321 PMCID: PMC10144180 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the potential mental health impacts of cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing interventions that focus on alcohol reduction among people with HIV (PWH). Our study aimed to assess the impact of two evidence-based alcohol reduction interventions on depression and anxiety symptoms of antiretroviral therapy (ART) clients with hazardous alcohol use. We conducted a secondary data analysis of data from a three-arm randomized controlled trial among ART clients in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam that evaluated the impacts of two alcohol reduction interventions in Vietnam. ART clients 18 years old or more with hazardous alcohol use (based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption) were enrolled and randomized into one of three arms: Combined intervention, Brief intervention, and Standard of care (SOC). Symptoms of depression, measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and anxiety, measured with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale, were assessed at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the effects of the interventions on depression and anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms at baseline was 25.1% and 16.1%, respectively. Decreases in depression and anxiety symptoms were observed in all three arms from baseline to 12-month follow-up. There were no significant differences in depression and anxiety symptoms among participants receiving either intervention, relative to the SOC. Interventions with a dual focus on alcohol and mental health are needed to achieve more pronounced and sustainable improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms for PWH with hazardous alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M X Nguyen
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA.
| | - H L Reyes
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - B W Pence
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K E Muessig
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - H E Hutton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C A Latkin
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Dowdy
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - G Chander
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - K E Lancaster
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Frangakis
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T Sripaipan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - H V Tran
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - V F Go
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
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Zürcher SJ, Banzer C, Adamus C, Lehmann AI, Richter D, Kerksieck P. Post-viral mental health sequelae in infected persons associated with COVID-19 and previous epidemics and pandemics: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence estimates. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:599-608. [PMID: 35490117 PMCID: PMC9020842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Post-viral mental health problems (MHP) in COVID-19 patients and survivors were anticipated already during early stages of this pandemic. We aimed to synthesize the prevalence of the anxiety, depression, post-traumatic and general distress domain associated with virus epidemics since 2002. METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase from 2002 to April 14, 2021 for peer-reviewed studies reporting prevalence of MHP in adults with laboratory-confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-1, H1N1, MERS-CoV, H7N9, Ebolavirus, or SARS-CoV-2 infection. We included studies that assessed post-viral MHP with validated and frequently used scales. A three-level random-effects meta-analysis for dependent effect sizes was conducted to account for multiple outcome reporting. We pooled MHP across all domains and separately by severity (above mild or moderate-to-severe) and by acute (one month), ongoing (one to three months), and post-illness stages (longer than three months). A meta-regression was conducted to test for moderating effects, particularly for exploring estimate differences between SARS-Cov-2 and previous pandemics and epidemics. PROSPERO registration: CRD42020194535. RESULTS We identified 59 studies including between 14 and 1002 participants and providing 187 prevalence estimates. MHP, in general, decreased from acute to post-illness from 46.3% to 38.8% and for mild and moderate-to-severe from 22.3% to 18.8%, respectively. We found no evidence of moderating effects except for non-random sampling and H1N1 showing higher prevalence. There was a non-significant trend towards lower MHP for SARS-CoV-2 compared to previous epidemics. CONCLUSIONS MHP prevalence estimates decreased over time but were still on a substantial level at post-illness. Post-viral mental health problems caused by SARS-CoV-2 could have been expected much earlier, given the previous post-viral sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon Joel Zürcher
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste Bern (UPD), Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Céline Banzer
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste Bern (UPD), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christine Adamus
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste Bern (UPD), Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anja I Lehmann
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Public and Organizational Health, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Richter
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste Bern (UPD), Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Kerksieck
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Public and Organizational Health, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Jafari-Oori M, Ebadi A, Moradian ST, Jafari M, Dehi M, Ghasemi Fard F. Psychiatric distress in family caregivers of patients with COVID-19. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 37:69-75. [PMID: 35337441 PMCID: PMC8274269 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many COVID-19 patients with low to moderate disease severity were cared for at home by family members. Caring for relatives with COVID-19 could have a psychiatric disorder for informal caregivers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the psychiatric disorders of family caregivers of relatives with COVID-19, in Iran. METHODS This online survey was conducted with 350 family caregivers over 18 years from April to July 2020, which was guided by the STROBE checklist. The study survey consisted of socio-demographic items, 7-items fear of COVID-19 scale, and a 21-item version of the depression, anxiety, and stress scales. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) scores for depression, anxiety, and stress were 20 (0.40), 19.52 (0.39), and 19.72 (0.35), respectively, moreover for fear of COVID-19 was 20.33 (0.43). Of all family caregivers, 77.75%, 75%, and 80% had depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Sixty-nine percent of caregivers had fear with moderate to high severity. Being younger, married, having a health-related occupation, not exercising, and high monthly salary were significant predictors of the total score of depression, anxiety, and stress scale (P < 0.05). Further, being married, having a health-related occupation, and not exercising, having comorbidity, high income, and being younger were independent predictors of fear of COVID-19 (P < 0.05). Only 32% and 33% of the variance of total depression, anxiety, and stress, and fear of COVID-19 scores were predicted by the studied variables (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in family caregivers, which requires swift and comprehensive attention from authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Jafari-Oori
- Atherosclerosis research center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Tayeb Moradian
- Atherosclerosis research center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Jafari
- Faculty of Nursing, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Manijeh Dehi
- Department of Nursing, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi Fard
- Occupational therapy department, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ruiz-Frutos C, Arias-Ulloa CA, Ortega-Moreno M, Romero-Martín M, Escobar-Segovia KF, Adanaque-Bravo I, Gómez-Salgado J. Factors Associated to Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Healthcare Workers in Ecuador. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604626. [PMID: 35392539 PMCID: PMC8980224 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The global COVID-19 pandemic has challenged health systems. Healthcare professionals had to face harsh conditions that have caused psycho-emotional consequences. Ecuador has been one of the countries hit hardest by the pandemic in Latin America. The objective of this study was to analyse the levels of psychological distress among healthcare workers in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a convenience sample of 1,056 healthcare professionals, assessing their psychological distress, physical symptoms of COVID-19, state of health, the preventive measures adopted, and the history of contact with people infected with the SARS-CoV2 virus. Results: showed that 66.0% of the participants manifested psychological distress, with significantly higher levels in women with symptoms of COVID-19 and previous contact with infected people or objects (p < 0.001). However, adherence to preventive measures and perception of health were associated with less psychological distress (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The importance of monitoring the mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed, having identified factors associated with the development of psychological distress among professionals in Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | - Mónica Ortega-Moreno
- Department of Economy, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- *Correspondence: Macarena Romero-Martín, ; Juan Gómez-Salgado,
| | - Macarena Romero-Martín
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- *Correspondence: Macarena Romero-Martín, ; Juan Gómez-Salgado,
| | - Kenny F. Escobar-Segovia
- Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Ingrid Adanaque-Bravo
- Facultad de Ingeniería en Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
- Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- *Correspondence: Macarena Romero-Martín, ; Juan Gómez-Salgado,
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Paz C, Abiuso T, Adana-Díaz L, Rodríguez-Lorenzana A, Jaramillo-Vivanco T, Ortiz-Prado E, Páez Monge I, Mascialino G. Psychological Distress in the Galapagos Islands During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604366. [PMID: 35341066 PMCID: PMC8948121 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: to explore the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Galapagos Islands. Methods: an online survey of 369 participants, conducted on October of 2020, was used to assess levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as specific behavioral and emotional reactions to the pandemic. Results: the prevalence of anxiety was 4% and depression 3.65%. Perceived stress level was higher, with 52% of the sample reporting moderate amounts. Women had higher levels of depression and perceived stress. Financial distress, interpersonal conflicts, feelings of isolation and fear of contagion of COVID-19 were all associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. Conclusion: prevalence of anxiety and depression is lower in the Galápagos Islands during the pandemic compared to other regions, while stress levels are more significant and may warrant intervention. Despite being low, anxiety and depression were associated with potentially problematic behaviors and emotional reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Paz
- Escuela de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Lila Adana-Díaz
- Escuela de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Ignacia Páez Monge
- National Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Public Health (Ecuador), Quito, Ecuador
| | - Guido Mascialino
- Escuela de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- *Correspondence: Guido Mascialino,
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Valencia PD, Vilca LW, Corrales-Reyes IE, Hernández-García F, Pupo Pérez A, González Quintana P, Pérez García ER, Lazo Herrera LA, White M. Sociodemographic and Health Predictors of Concern about COVID-19 Infection in Cuban Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. ELECTRON J GEN MED 2022. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/11620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Herrera-Añazco P, Urrunaga-Pastor D, Benites-Zapata VA, Bendezu-Quispe G, Toro-Huamanchumo CJ, Hernandez AV. Gender Differences in Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms During the First Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study in Latin America and the Caribbean. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:727034. [PMID: 35370810 PMCID: PMC8968114 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.727034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that the pandemic impact on mental health could vary according to gender. We aimed to evaluate the gender influence in the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries in the first stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis employing the Facebook-COVID-19 Symptom Survey developed by the University of Maryland. We categorized gender as men, women, and non-binary. The outcomes were the presence of anxiety or depressive symptoms, measured with two adapted questions extracted from the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). We used generalized linear models from the Poisson family, considering the survey's complex sampling. We calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and explored interactions with gender using the adjusted Wald test. RESULTS We included 1,338,320 adults from LAC countries; 48.0, 50.6, and 1.4% were men, women, and non-binary participants, respectively. The overall prevalence of anxiety or depressive symptoms was 44.8 and 46.6%, respectively. We found interactions between gender and the rest of the independent variables. In the non-binary group, the association between age and anxiety symptomatology was lost after an age of 55 years. Furthermore, whereas living in a town was associated with a lower prevalence of anxiety and depression symptomatology in men and women, this did not happen among non-binary individuals. Compliance with physical distancing was associated with a lower prevalence of anxiety and depression symptomatology among women (anxiety: PRa = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97-0.99; p < 0.001, depression: PRa = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.95-0.97; p < 0.001) and only anxiety in non-binary participants (anxiety: PRa = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.88-0.98; p = 0.005). This was not evidenced among men participants (anxiety: PRa = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.96-1.01; p = 0.199, depression: PRa = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.96-1.00; p = 0.084). In addition, compliance with handwashing was associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety symptomatology among men (PRa = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.05-1.11; p < 0.001) and women participants (PRa = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01-1.05; p = 0.016). CONCLUSION Approximately 4 out of 10 participants had anxiety or depressive symptoms. Women and non-binary gender people had more symptoms of anxiety or depression. The factors associated with these symptoms varied according to gender. It is essential to evaluate gender-related strategies to improve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Percy Herrera-Añazco
- Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Escuela de enfermería, Lima, Peru.,Red Internacional en Salud Colectiva y Salud Intercultural, Mexico, Mexico.,Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación-IETSI, Dirección de Investigación en Salud, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - Diego Urrunaga-Pastor
- Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación-IETSI, Dirección de Investigación en Salud, EsSalud, Lima, Peru.,Universidad Científica del Sur, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Vicente A Benites-Zapata
- Red Internacional en Salud Colectiva y Salud Intercultural, Mexico, Mexico.,Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Unidad para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - Guido Bendezu-Quispe
- Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Centro de Investigación Epidemiológica en Salud Global, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos J Toro-Huamanchumo
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Unidad para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Lima, Peru.,Clínica Avendaño, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Lima, Peru
| | - Adrian V Hernandez
- Health Outcomes, Policy and Evidence Synthesis (HOPES) Group, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, United States.,Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis, Guías de Práctica Clínica y Evaluaciones Tecnológicas Sanitarias, Lima, Peru
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Tranos PG, de Politis PB, Vasileiou D, Balidis M, Lokovitis E, Asteriades S, Vasileiades V, Stavrakas P, Koronis S. Unaccompanied Clinic Visits: Practical Consequences of a Stressor Imposed by the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Patient Exp 2021; 8:23743735211065264. [PMID: 34926802 PMCID: PMC8679044 DOI: 10.1177/23743735211065264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the restrictive measures of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic
control is the prohibition of accompanied clinic visits. The specific features
of ophthalmological patients imply different degrees of dependency that directly
affect their response to such measures. This study aims to assess the effects of
unaccompanied medical appointments on outpatients’ stress levels and their
retention of medical advice. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted at a large ophthalmic clinic in
northern Greece during September 2020. Suitable subjects were asked to
self-administer a 7-item questionnaire addressing their subjective perception of
stress and their ability to fully understand and remember their doctor's
instructions, given the fact that they would be alone during the consultation.
The analysis was based on 200 patients who completed the survey. Sixty-three
patients (31.5%) reported that unaccompanied clinic visits increased their
stress, with a median value of 7.5 (mean 6.77 ± .2.7) on a scale from 1 to 10. A
large number of the patients (30%) claimed it was difficult to remember the
doctor's comments or instructions, and 24.6% indicated that they would not fully
understand them if they were to attend the clinic unaccompanied. A marked impact
on women and on the elderly (up to threefold) over 70 years of age was
identified. This is the first study specifically addressing practical
repercussions of unaccompanied clinic visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. A
negative effect on patients’ emotional status and on counseling effectiveness
was demonstrated. Female gender and advanced age were found to be determinants
of the highest vulnerability.
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13
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Al-Yamani MJ, Rabbani SI, Basheeruddin Asdaq SM, Imran M, Alshammari MK, AlShammari NA, alshahrani AH, Harshan MAM, Hurubi MYA, Mubaraki AA, Alamri AS, Alsanie WF, Alhomrani M. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS FOR THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 IN RIYADH PROVINCE OF SAUDI ARABIA. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 29:1306-1312. [PMID: 34955667 PMCID: PMC8686443 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions of individuals all over the world. In addition to the patients' compelling indications, various sociodemographic characteristics were identified to influence infection complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the aforementioned parameters on the dissemination of COVID-19 among residents of Saudi Arabia's Riyadh region. Materials and Methods In the Saudi Arabian province of Riyadh, a cross-sectional retrospective analysis of COVID-19 incidences, recoveries, and case-fatality ratio (CFR) was undertaken. The study was carried out by gathering daily COVID-19 records from the ministry of health's official websites between October 2020 and September 2021. The influencing factors were obtained from the statistical authority. Using the SPSS IBM 25 software, the data was examined. The association between demographic factors as well as the presence of comorbidity on the COVID-19 outcome was determined using Spearman's correlation and regression tests. P<0.05 was considered to indicate the significance of the results. Results The data from the study indicated that the highest number of COVID-19 cases were recorded in June 2021, and peak recovery was observed in July 2021. The CFR declined progressively from October 2020 to just over 1, even when the cases peaked. A significant (p<0.05) correlation between diabetes and COVID-19 incidences was observed . The recovery rate had a significant (p<0.05) association with the literacy rate and those aged 14 - 49 years old. Presences of co-morbidities such as Dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, asthma, stroke and heart failure have negatively affected the recovery from COVID-19 in the population. The CFR is significantly (p< 0.05) associated with people over 60, hypertensive patients, and asthma patients. Regression analysis suggested that the risk of complications due to COVID-19 infection is more in males, people above 60 years age and those suffering from co-morbidities . Conclusions The findings of the study indicate an association between several of the characteristics studied, such as gender, age, and comorbidity, and the spread of infection, recovery, and mortality. To restrict the spread of COVID-19 and prevent its complications, effective measures are required to control the modifiable risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad J. Al-Yamani
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Imam Rabbani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Dariyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mohd. Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohammed Yahya A. Hurubi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Northern Armed Area Forced Hospital, Hafar al batin 39511, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan A. Mubaraki
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem S. Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa F. Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Bonilla-Sierra P, Manrique-G A, Hidalgo-Andrade P, Ruisoto P. Psychological Inflexibility and Loneliness Mediate the Impact of Stress on Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Healthcare Students and Early-Career Professionals During COVID-19. Front Psychol 2021; 12:729171. [PMID: 34621223 PMCID: PMC8491304 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.729171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The current mental health state of healthcare professionals and students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador remains understudied and how to improve their mental health is a challenge. Objective: This study aimed to explore the anxiety and depressive symptomatology among healthcare students and professionals in Ecuador and to examine the role of psychological inflexibility, loneliness, and psychological stress as predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms. Methods: A total of 191 undergraduate and graduate healthcare students in clinical practice (early-career healthcare professionals) in Ecuador were surveyed between January and March 2021 using standardized measures of psychological stress (PSS), psychological inflexibility (AAQ), loneliness (UCLA), alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C), and anxiety and depressive symptomatology (PHQ). Macro Process for SPSS (models 4 and 7) were used to test mediation effects. Results: Alcohol consumption varied between men and women and anxiety and depression symptomatology was generally low among the sample. Psychological inflexibility and loneliness mediated the impact of stress on anxiety and depressive mood in participants, regardless of gender and previous personal history of COVID-19. Discussion: Implications of psychological inflexibility and the prevention and coping with stress in healthcare professionals during COVID-19 are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexis Manrique-G
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | | | - Pablo Ruisoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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15
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Khademi F, Rassouli M, Rafiei F, Moayedi S, Torres M, Marzban N, Haji E, Golitaleb M. The effect of mandala colouring on anxiety in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2021; 30 Suppl 1:1437-1444. [PMID: 34143568 PMCID: PMC8447083 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 significantly affects patients' mental health, triggering a wide range of psychological disorders, including anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mandala colouring on the anxiety of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 70 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were randomly divided between the intervention and control groups. Standard care was provided for both groups. The intervention group spent 30 min/day for six consecutive days performing mandala colouring. Patient anxiety was measured prior and subsequent to the intervention in both groups using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Data were analysed using SPSS software version 25. The mean anxiety score was not significantly different between the two groups before the intervention (P = 0.08). Subsequent to the intervention, the mean anxiety score in the intervention and control groups was 44.05 ± 4.67 and 67.85 ± 6.25, respectively, indicating a statistically significant (P = 0.0001) decrease in the anxiety measured among the intervention group as compared with that of the control group. The results of this study show that 30 min of mandala colouring daily is an effective strategy for reducing anxiety in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Mandala colouring can complement routine treatment and provides a non-pharmaceutical option for decreasing patient anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khademi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Rassouli
- Pediatric Nursing Department, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rafiei
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Scientific Research Center, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Moayedi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mercedes Torres
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Negin Marzban
- Ayatollah Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Ensieh Haji
- Amir-al-Momenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohamad Golitaleb
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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16
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Huarcaya-Victoria J, Barreto J, Aire L, Podestá A, Caqui M, Guija-Igreda R, Castillo C, Alarcon-Ruiz CA. Mental Health in COVID-2019 Survivors from a General Hospital in Peru: Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Inflammatory Variable Associations. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021; 21:1264-1285. [PMID: 34602915 PMCID: PMC8478369 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic constitutes a significant public health problem worldwide, as well as mental health problems. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health of COVID-19 survivors, considering their sociodemographic, clinical, and immune variables. A cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted on 318 COVID-19 survivors from one hospital in Peru. Through telephone interviews, evaluation of the presence of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, somatic symptoms through Patient Health Questionnaire-15, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms through Impact of Event Scale-Revised was carried out. Poisson regression analyses were performed with their adjusted variances to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) with their 95% confidence interval. All regression models were adjusted (PRa) for follow-up time. A significant proportion of patients have depressive (30.9%), anxious (31.1%), somatic (35.2%), and PTSD (29.5%) symptoms. The variables associated with a higher frequency of clinically relevant mental symptoms were female sex, self-perception of greater COVID-19 severity, presence of persistent COVID-19 symptoms, loss of a family member due to COVID-19, and prior psychiatric diagnosis or treatment. In addition, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly higher in patients with clinically relevant symptoms of depression. COVID-19 survivors showed a high prevalence of negative mental symptoms. Our findings help to identify patients who are vulnerable and require psychiatric care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Huarcaya-Victoria
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Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud
, Lima, Peru
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, EsSalud, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Av. Grau 800, Lima, Peru
| | - Jessica Barreto
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, EsSalud, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Av. Grau 800, Lima, Peru
-
Facultad de Medicina de San Fernando
,
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
, Lima, Peru
| | - Lucia Aire
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, EsSalud, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Av. Grau 800, Lima, Peru
| | - Angela Podestá
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, EsSalud, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Av. Grau 800, Lima, Peru
| | - Mónica Caqui
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, EsSalud, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Av. Grau 800, Lima, Peru
| | - Rosa Guija-Igreda
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, EsSalud, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Av. Grau 800, Lima, Peru
| | - Claudia Castillo
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Unidad de Psiquiatría de Enlace, EsSalud, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Av. Grau 800, Lima, Peru
| | - Christoper A. Alarcon-Ruiz
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Grupo de Investigacion Neurociencia, Efectividad Clínica y Salud Publica
,
Universidad Científica del Sur
, Lima, Peru
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17
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Dong F, Liu HL, Dai N, Yang M, Liu JP. A living systematic review of the psychological problems in people suffering from COVID-19. J Affect Disord 2021; 292:172-188. [PMID: 34126309 PMCID: PMC8169237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the psychological problems on people infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the pandemic. METHODS In this living systematic review and meta-analyses, we searched seven electronic databases for cross-sectional studies and longitudinal studies on psychological problems on COVID-19 patients from Jan 1, 2020 to Oct 7, 2020. The primary outcome was prevalence of various psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, somatization, and fear. We pooled data for prevalence with their 95% confidence interval (CI) using random effect models and assessed the study quality based on the 11-item checklist recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. RESULTS Fourty-four studies, including studies from China(35), Italy(2), Iran(2), India(1), Korea(1), Ecuador(1), Switzerland(1), Germany(1), were identified by comprising a total of 8587 completed questionnaires and 38 studies for meta-analyses. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD), insomnia, somatization, and fear in patients with COVID-19 was 16.6% (10.1%-23.1%), 37.7% (29.3%-46.2%), 41.5% (9.3%-73.7%), 68.3% (48.6%-88.0%), 36.5% (20.2%-52.8%), 47.6% (9.4%-85.7%), respectively. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia in severe COVID-19 patients (intensive care unit inpatients) was higher than mild or clinically stable COVID-19 patients. LIMITATIONS A significant degree of heterogeneity in terms of populations, sampling methods, scales was noted across studies. CONCLUSIONS There existed high proportions of COVID-19 patients with psychological problem. The prevalence of psychological problems was closely related to the patients themselves, their surroundings and social support. It is imperative to provide ontime psychological care service for COVID-19 patients and to follow-up them for a longer period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Dong
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Liang Liu
- Gastroenterology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Dai
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Institute for Excellence in Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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18
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Hidalgo-Andrade P, Hermosa-Bosano C, Paz C. Teachers' Mental Health and Self-Reported Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ecuador: A Mixed-Methods Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:933-944. [PMID: 34239334 PMCID: PMC8259946 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s314844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed the psychological distress, life satisfaction, and perceived stress of Ecuadorian teachers who adopted online learning in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It also aimed to qualitatively report the coping strategies used to maintain their mental health and well-being. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to mid-August 2020. RESULTS In total, 394 teachers completed the questionnaire, and from those, 320 also completed an optional open-ended question included in the survey. More than half of the participants reported taking care of children under 11 years and/or adults over 65 years. At the time of the study, most of the participants were teaching in higher education settings. Age was significantly correlated with all the psychological variables, females presented higher levels of perceived stress, and teachers with home care responsibilities presented higher psychological distress as well as perceived stress. Teachers who had previous training and experience with online teaching presented lower levels of distress, perceived stress as well as higher levels of life satisfaction. The most used coping strategies included seeking social support, exercising, and engaging in leisure activities. CONCLUSION The results provide useful information to help develop initiatives that promote teacher well-being. Future studies should consider using a more diverse sample and dedicate attention to work-family conflicts as well as social and structural inequalities that may have a toll on teachers' mental health and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clara Paz
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
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19
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Mehareen J, Rahman MA, Dhira TA, Sarker AR. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of depression, anxiety, and co-morbidity during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study among public and private university students of Bangladesh. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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20
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Rahman MH, Banik G, Ahmed A, Arifeen SE, Hossain AT, Hasan MA, Rahman AE. Anxiety and depressive symptoms among COVID-19 patients admitted to three isolation facilities in Bangladesh. Health Psychol Open 2021; 8:20551029211046106. [PMID: 34646569 PMCID: PMC8504249 DOI: 10.1177/20551029211046106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic can impose a profound impact on the mental health of hospitalised patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, there have been no studies that explored the psychological distress of the COVID-19 inpatients in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and explore the associated factors among inpatients with COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 COVID-19 patients admitted to three isolation facilities in Dhaka, Bangladesh, from September to October 2020. Participants' sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained. Mental health symptoms were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed to analyse the data. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms were 57.2% (95% CI: 48.2-65.2) and 52.2% (95% CI: 43.8-62.7), respectively. Presence of comorbidity (aOR: 5.64, 95% CI: 2.21-14.35) and having ≥3 COVID-19 physical symptoms (aOR: 6.90, 95% CI: 2.71-17.56) were associated with anxiety symptoms. Besides, presence of comorbidity (aOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.07-6.99), having ≥3 COVID-19 physical symptoms (aOR: 4.46, 95% CI: 1.78-11.20) and patient with ≤93% oxygen saturation (aOR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.01-5.36) were associated with depressive symptoms. Considerable numbers of COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh experienced psychological distress during hospitalisation, requiring more attention and timely mental health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Hafizur Rahman
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Goutom Banik
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anisuddin Ahmed
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shams El Arifeen
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Aniqa Tasnim Hossain
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Aminul Hasan
- Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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21
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Zhang SX, Huang H, Li J, Antonelli-Ponti M, de Paiva SF, da Silva JA. Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:7026. [PMID: 34209311 PMCID: PMC8297012 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil is extremely severe, and Brazil has the third-highest number of cases in the world. The goal of the study is to identify the prevalence rates and several predictors of depression and anxiety in Brazil during the initial outbreak of COVID-19. We surveyed 482 adults in 23 Brazilian states online on 9-22 May 2020, and found that 70.3% of the adults (n = 339) had depressive symptoms and 67.2% (n = 320) had anxiety symptoms. The results of multi-class logistic regression models revealed that females, younger adults, and those with fewer children had a higher likelihood of depression and anxiety symptoms; adults who worked as employees were more likely to have anxiety symptoms than those who were self-employed or unemployed; adults who spent more time browsing COVID-19 information online were more likely to have depression and anxiety symptoms. Our results provide preliminary evidence and early warning for psychiatrists and healthcare organizations to better identify and focus on the more vulnerable sub-populations in Brazil during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen X. Zhang
- Faculty of Professions, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Business Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Jizhen Li
- Research Center for Competitive Dynamics and Innovation Strategy, School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Mayra Antonelli-Ponti
- Department of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil;
| | - Scheila Farias de Paiva
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto 49100-000, Brazil;
- Psychology Graduate Program, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
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22
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Htun YM, Thiha K, Aung A, Aung NM, Oo TW, Win PS, Sint NH, Naing KM, Min AK, Tun KM, Hlaing K. Assessment of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 during the second wave of epidemic in Myanmar: A cross-sectional single-center study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252189. [PMID: 34086722 PMCID: PMC8177551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a great impact on every aspect of society. All countries launched preventive measures such as quarantine, lockdown, and physical distancing to control the disease spread. These restrictions might effect on daily life and mental health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 at the Treatment Center. Methods A cross-sectional telephone survey was carried out at Hmawbi COVID-19 Treatment Center, Myanmar from December 2020 to January 2021. A total of 142 patients with COVID-19 who met the criteria were invited to participate in the study. A pre-tested Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used as a tool for depressive symptoms assessment. Data were analyzed by using binary logistic regression to identify associated factors of depressive symptoms. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to determine the level of significance with a p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 was 38.7%, with the means (± standard deviation, SD) subscale of somatic symptom, negative effect, and anhedonia were 4.64 (±2.53), 2.51 (± 2.12), and 5.01 (± 3.26), respectively. The patients with 40 years and older (AOR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.36–6.59), < 4 of household size (AOR: 3.45, 95% CI: 1.46–8.15), ≤ 400,000 kyats of monthly family income (AOR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.02–5.54) and infection to family members (AOR: 4.18, 95% CI: 1.74–10.07) were significant associated factors of depressive symptoms. Conclusion The high prevalence of depressive symptoms, approximately 40%, was found in patients with COVID-19 in the Treatment Center. Establishments of psychosocial supports, providing psychoeducation, enhancing the social contact with family and friends, and using credible source of information related COVID-19 would be integral parts of mental health services in COVID-19 pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Minn Htun
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
- * E-mail:
| | - Kyaw Thiha
- Department of Mental Health, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Aung
- Department of Research and Development, Defence Services Medical School, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Nay Myo Aung
- Department of Chest Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Thet Wai Oo
- Special Operation Medical Research Department, Defence Services Medical Research Centre, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Pyae Sone Win
- Special Operation Medical Research Department, Defence Services Medical Research Centre, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Nay Hein Sint
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kaung Myat Naing
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Aung Khant Min
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw Myo Tun
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Defence Services Medical Academy, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kyaw Hlaing
- Department of Prevention and Research Development of Hepatitis, AIDS and Other Viral Diseases, Health and Disease Control Unit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
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Si MY, Xiao WJ, Pan C, Wang H, Huang YM, Lian J, Mak WWS, Leng ZW, Su XY, Tang QP, Jiang Y, Feng LZ, Yang WZ, Wang C. Mindfulness-based online intervention on mental health and quality of life among COVID-19 patients in China: an intervention design. Infect Dis Poverty 2021; 10:69. [PMID: 34001277 PMCID: PMC8127244 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-021-00836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 can lead to increased psychological symptoms such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety among patients with COVID-19. Based on the previous mindfulness-based interventions proved to be effective, this protocol reports a design of a randomized controlled trial aiming to explore the efficacy and possible mechanism of a mindful living with challenge (MLWC) intervention developed for COVID-19 survivors in alleviating their psychological problems caused by both the disease and the pandemic. METHODS In April 2021, more than 1600 eligible participants from Hubei Province of China will be assigned 1:1 to an online MLWC intervention group or a waitlist control group. All participants will be asked to complete online questionnaires at baseline, post-program, and 3-month follow-up. The differences of mental health status (e.g. PTSD) and physical symptoms including fatigue and sleeplessness between the COVID-19 survivors who receiving the online MLWC intervention and the control group will be assessed. In addition, the possible mediators and moderators of the link between the MLWC intervention and target outcomes will be evaluated by related verified scales, such as the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire. Data will be analyzed based on an intention-to-treat approach, and SPSS software will be used to perform statistical analysis. DISCUSSION The efficacy and potential mechanism of MLWC intervention in improving the quality of life and psychological status of COVID-19 survivors in China are expected to be reported. Findings from this study will shed light on a novel and feasible model in improving the psychological well-being of people during such public health emergencies. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), ChiCTR2000037524; Registered on August 29, 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=60034 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Si
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Jun Xiao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Man Huang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lian
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Winnie W S Mak
- Diversity and Well-Being Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Leng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-You Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiu-Ping Tang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Zhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei-Zhong Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 9 DongDanSanTiao, Dongcheng, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Background: The primary objective worldwide during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been controlling disease transmission. However, lockdown measures used to mitigate transmission have affected human behavior and altered lifestyles, with a likely impact on chronic non-communicable diseases. More than a year into the pandemic, substantial peer-reviewed literature has emerged on altered lifestyles following the varying lockdown measures imposed globally to control the virus spread. We explored the impact of lockdown measures on six lifestyle factors, namely diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, social connectedness, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other harmful substances. Methods: We comprehensively searched PubMed and the World Health Organization’s global literature database on COVID-19 and retrieved 649 relevant articles for the narrative review. A critical interpretative synthesis of the articles was performed. Results: Most of the articles included in the review identified the negative effect of lockdown measures on each of the lifestyle factors in many parts of the world. Encouraging lifestyle trends were also highlighted in a few articles. Such trends can positively influence the outcome of lifestyle-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to better understand the negative impact of strict lockdown measures on lifestyles. At the same time, it helps us identify and initiate positive behavioral changes, which, if consolidated, could improve chronic disease outcomes. It is up to governments, communities, and healthcare/academic entities to derive benefit from lessons learned from the pandemic, with the ultimate objective of better educating and promoting healthy lifestyles among communities.
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Beck K, Vincent A, Becker C, Keller A, Cam H, Schaefert R, Reinhardt T, Sutter R, Tisljar K, Bassetti S, Schuetz P, Hunziker S. Prevalence and factors associated with psychological burden in COVID-19 patients and their relatives: A prospective observational cohort study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250590. [PMID: 33951085 PMCID: PMC8099094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the dramatic measures accompanying isolation and the general uncertainty and fear associated with COVID-19, patients and relatives may be at high risk for adverse psychological outcomes. Until now there has been limited research focusing on the prevalence of psychological distress and associated factors in COVID-19 patients and their relatives. The objective of our study was to assess psychological distress in COVID-19 patients and their relatives 30 days after hospital discharge. METHODS In this prospective observational cohort study at two Swiss tertiary-care hospitals we included consecutive adult patients hospitalized between March and June 2020 for a proven COVID-19 and their relatives. Psychological distress was defined as symptoms of anxiety and/or depression measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), i.e., a score of ≥8 on the depression and/or anxiety subscale. We further evaluated symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), defined as a score of ≥1.5 on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). RESULTS Among 126 included patients, 24 (19.1%) had psychological distress and 10 (8.7%) had symptoms of PTSD 30 days after hospital discharge. In multivariate logistic regression analyses three factors were independently associated with psychological distress in patients: resilience (OR 0.82; 95%CI 0.71 to 0.94; p = 0.005), high levels of perceived stress (OR 1.21; 95%CI 1.06 to 1.38; p = 0.006) and low frequency of contact with relatives (OR 7.67; 95%CI 1.42 to 41.58; p = 0.018). The model showed good discrimination, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.92. Among 153 relatives, 35 (22.9%) showed symptoms of psychological distress, and 3 (2%) of PTSD. For relatives, resilience was negatively associated (OR 0.85; 95%CI 0.75 to 0.96; p = 0.007), whereas perceived overall burden caused by COVID-19 was positively associated with psychological distress (OR 1.72; 95%CI 1.31 to 2.25; p<0.001). The overall model also had good discrimination, with an AUC of 0.87. CONCLUSION A relevant number of COVID-19 patients as well as their relatives exhibited psychological distress 30 days after hospital discharge. These results might aid in development of strategies to prevent psychological distress in COVID-19 patients and their relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Beck
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Vincent
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Becker
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annalena Keller
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hasret Cam
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Schaefert
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Reinhardt
- Human Resources & Leadership Development, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Sutter
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kai Tisljar
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Bassetti
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schuetz
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Hunziker
- Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Reagu S, Wadoo O, Latoo J, Nelson D, Ouanes S, Masoodi N, Karim MA, Iqbal Y, Al Abdulla S, Al Nuaimi SK, Abdelmajid AAB, Al Samawi MS, Khoodoruth MAS, Khoodoruth WNCK, Al-Maslamani MARS, Alabdulla M. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within institutional quarantine and isolation centres and its sociodemographic correlates in Qatar: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045794. [PMID: 33518530 PMCID: PMC7852068 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING The State of Qatar has had one of the highest COVID-19 infection rates globally and has used state-managed quarantine and isolation centres to limit the spread of infection. Quarantine and isolation have been shown to negatively affect the mental health of individuals. Qatar has a unique population, with around 90% of the population being economic migrants and a majority being blue-collar workers and labourers. OBJECTIVES This study was carried out to evaluate the psychological impact of institutional isolation and quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Qatar. The study also explored the sociodemographic correlates of this psychological impact. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION A cross-sectional study involving 748 consenting individuals in institutional quarantine and isolation in Qatar during the months of June and July 2020 was carried out. Relevant sociodemographic data along with depressive and anxiety symptomatology scores were collected from consenting adults at these facilities. RESULTS 37.4% (n=270) of respondents reported depressive symptoms and 25.9% (n=189) reported anxiety symptoms. The scores were higher for individuals in isolation facilities and higher for migrants from poor socioeconomic group (p<0.001 for both). Within this group, although worries about infection were widely reported, lack of contact with the family was cited as one of the most important sources of distress. Respondents reported that contact with the family and reliable information were important factors that helped during the duration of isolation and quarantine. CONCLUSIONS Our study reported significantly elevated scores for depression and anxiety during institutional quarantine, which is in keeping with emerging evidence. However, in contrast to other studies reporting mostly from native populations, this study of a population with an overwhelming majority of immigrants highlights the special mental health needs of this specific group and can inform future healthcare policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuja Reagu
- Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ovais Wadoo
- Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Javed Latoo
- Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Sami Ouanes
- Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Yousaf Iqbal
- Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Majid Alabdulla
- Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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27
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Duplaga M, Grysztar M. The Association between Future Anxiety, Health Literacy and the Perception of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9010043. [PMID: 33466487 PMCID: PMC7824811 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased anxiety related to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in society and specific professional groups has been reported by many authors. Most have applied tools enabling assessing the general traits of anxiety. Tools specifically designed for an assessment of anxiety or fear related to COVID-19 have also been developed. However, no study has assessed the future anxiety in relation to the pandemic. This concept was defined by Zaleski in the end of the 20th century as the state of apprehension, fear, worry, and concern regarding unfavourable changes in the more remote personal future. The aim of this study was an analysis to establish the level and the determinants of future anxiety in Polish society related to the COVID-19 pandemic three months after the introduction of the state of epidemic. The analysis reported in the paper is based on the data obtained through a web-based survey carried out on a representative sample of 1002 Polish adults aged 18-74 years. The hierarchical linear regression model was developed for the analysis of the determinants of future anxiety from the responses to a questionnaire consisting of five items. The independent variables selected for inclusion in the model, apart from sociodemographic characteristics, encompassed health literacy (HL) and ehealth literacy (eHL), perceived health threat related to COVID-19 (PHTC19), and a COVID-19-related conspiracy belief score (CCBS) derived from three items asking about the most popular conspiracy theories. The regression model developed in the final step showed that the future anxiety scale score (FASS) was significantly associated with gender, vocational status, HL, PHTC19, and CCBS. The FASS was lower among men than women (regression coefficient (B) (standard error, SE) = -1.28 (0.39), p = 0.001), among entrepreneurs or farmers rather than among employees of the public or private sector (B(SE) = -1.55, p = 0.010), in persons with a higher HL (B(SE) = -0.43 (0.06), p < 0.001). A higher FASS was observed in respondents with higher rather than lower PHTC19 (B(SE) = 1.49 (0.17), p < 0.001) and in those with a higher CCBS (B(SE) = 0.33 (0.07), p < 0.001). The model accounted for 15.2% of the variance of the FASS. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic is not only a cause of increased mental symptoms, but also of increased future anxiety. Health-related measures are significantly associated with the FASS.
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Ortiz-Prado E, Simbaña-Rivera K, Barreno LG, Diaz AM, Barreto A, Moyano C, Arcos V, Vásconez-González E, Paz C, Simbaña-Guaycha F, Molestina-Luzuriaga M, Fernández-Naranjo R, Feijoo J, Henriquez-Trujillo AR, Adana L, López-Cortés A, Fletcher I, Lowe R. Epidemiological, socio-demographic and clinical features of the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ecuador. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008958. [PMID: 33395425 PMCID: PMC7817051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread rapidly around the globe. Nevertheless, there is limited information describing the characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Latin America. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 9,468 confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in Ecuador. We calculated overall incidence, mortality, case fatality rates, disability adjusted life years, attack and crude mortality rates, as well as relative risk and relative odds of death, adjusted for age, sex and presence of comorbidities. A total of 9,468 positive COVID-19 cases and 474 deaths were included in the analysis. Men accounted for 55.4% (n = 5, 247) of cases and women for 44.6% (n = 4, 221). We found the presence of comorbidities, being male and older than 65 years were important determinants of mortality. Coastal regions were most affected by COVID-19, with higher mortality rates than the highlands. Fatigue was reported in 53.2% of the patients, followed by headache (43%), dry cough (41.7%), ageusia (37.1%) and anosmia (36.1%). We present an analysis of the burden of COVID-19 in Ecuador. Our findings show that men are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 than women, and risk increases with age and the presence of comorbidities. We also found that blue-collar workers and the unemployed are at greater risk of dying. These early observations offer clinical insights for the medical community to help improve patient care and for public health officials to strengthen Ecuador's response to the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Ortiz-Prado
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Katherine Simbaña-Rivera
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Lenin Gómez Barreno
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ana Maria Diaz
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alejandra Barreto
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carla Moyano
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Vannesa Arcos
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Clara Paz
- School of psychology, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Raúl Fernández-Naranjo
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Javier Feijoo
- Instituto de Física La Plata, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Lila Adana
- School of psychology, Universidad de Las Americas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
- Red Latinoamericana de Implementación y Validación de Guías Clínicas Farmacogenómicas (RELIVAF-CYTED), Quito, Ecuador
| | - Isabel Fletcher
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Lowe
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
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Serralta FB, Zibetti MR, Evans C. Psychological Distress of University Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E8520. [PMID: 33212965 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to explore mental distress during COVID-19 quarantine in a sample of university workers in Brazil. The survey included sets of questions about demographics, health, and support, an open question about major concerns, and the Clinical Outcome Routine Evaluation (CORE-OM), a measure of mental distress. A total of 407 professionals, mean age 40, SD 11.2, fulfilling social distancing (99%) participated in the study. Participants were mostly female (67.8%) and married (64.8%). Using the Consensual Qualitative Research process for simple qualitative data (CQR-M), the main areas of concern were grouped into six domains, as follows: work, health, isolation, personal life and routine, social environment, and future. Many responses were multiple. They form categories indicating specific concerns within these domains. Quantitative data were analyzed by identifying the simple effects of potential predictors of mental distress. The results indicated medium effects of help with household chores (η2 = 0.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.022–0.095)), psychiatric treatment (η2 = 0.06, CI (0.030–0.110)), age (η2 = 0.12, CI (0.070–0.170)), and physical exercise (η2 = 0.12, CI (0.079–0.180)). Having someone available to listen was the only variable with a large effect associated with reduced mental suffering (η2 = 0.18; CI (0.118–0.227)). Psychological experiences of the pandemic are multifaceted and complex. Thus, substantially larger surveys, with both quantitative and qualitative components, are needed.
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