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Báez-Yáñez MG, Schellekens W, Bhogal AA, Roefs ECA, van Osch MJP, Siero JCW, Petridou N. A fully synthetic three-dimensional human cerebrovascular model based on histological characteristics to investigate the hemodynamic fingerprint of the layer BOLD fMRI signal formation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.24.595716. [PMID: 38826311 PMCID: PMC11142244 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at ultra-high field (≥7 tesla), novel hardware, and data analysis methods have enabled detailed research on neurovascular function, such as cortical layer-specific activity, in both human and nonhuman species. A widely used fMRI technique relies on the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal. BOLD fMRI offers insights into brain function by measuring local changes in cerebral blood volume, cerebral blood flow, and oxygen metabolism induced by increased neuronal activity. Despite its potential, interpreting BOLD fMRI data is challenging as it is only an indirect measurement of neuronal activity. Computational modeling can help interpret BOLD data by simulating the BOLD signal formation. Current developments have focused on realistic 3D vascular models based on rodent data to understand the spatial and temporal BOLD characteristics. While such rodent-based vascular models highlight the impact of the angioarchitecture on the BOLD signal amplitude, anatomical differences between the rodent and human vasculature necessitate the development of human-specific models. Therefore, a computational framework integrating human cortical vasculature, hemodynamic changes, and biophysical properties is essential. Here, we present a novel computational approach: a three-dimensional VAscular MOdel based on Statistics (3D VAMOS), enabling the investigation of the hemodynamic fingerprint of the BOLD signal within a model encompassing a fully synthetic human 3D cortical vasculature and hemodynamics. Our algorithm generates microvascular and macrovascular architectures based on morphological and topological features from the literature on human cortical vasculature. By simulating specific oxygen saturation states and biophysical interactions, our framework characterizes the intravascular and extravascular signal contributions across cortical depth and voxel-wise levels for gradient-echo and spin-echo readouts. Thereby, the 3D VAMOS computational framework demonstrates that using human characteristics significantly affects the BOLD fingerprint, making it an essential step in understanding the fundamental underpinnings of layer-specific fMRI experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Gilberto Báez-Yáñez
- Translational Neuroimaging Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter Schellekens
- Translational Neuroimaging Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alex A Bhogal
- Translational Neuroimaging Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel C A Roefs
- C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias J P van Osch
- C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen C W Siero
- Translational Neuroimaging Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Natalia Petridou
- Translational Neuroimaging Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Deng Y, Zhu J, Liu X, Dai J, Yu T, Zhu D. A robust vessel-labeling pipeline with high tissue clearing compatibility for 3D mapping of vascular networks. iScience 2024; 27:109730. [PMID: 38706842 PMCID: PMC11068851 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The combination of vessel-labeling, tissue-clearing, and light-sheet imaging techniques provides a potent tool for accurately mapping vascular networks, enabling the assessment of vascular remodeling in vascular-related disorders. However, most vascular labeling methods face challenges such as inadequate labeling efficiency or poor compatibility with current tissue clearing technology, which significantly undermines the image quality. To address this limitation, we introduce a vessel-labeling pipeline, termed Ultralabel, which relies on a specially designed dye hydrogel containing lysine-fixable dextran and gelatins for double enhancement. Ultralabel demonstrates not only excellent vessel-labeling capability but also strong compatibility with all tissue clearing methods tested, which outperforms other vessel-labeling methods. Consequently, Ultralabel enables fine mapping of vascular networks in diverse organs, as well as multi-color labeling alongside other labeling techniques. Ultralabel should provide a robust and user-friendly method for obtaining 3D vascular networks in different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Deng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jingtan Zhu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Junyao Dai
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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Autio JA, Kimura I, Ose T, Matsumoto Y, Ohno M, Urushibata Y, Ikeda T, Glasser MF, Van Essen DC, Hayashi T. Mapping vascular network architecture in primate brain using ferumoxytol-weighted laminar MRI. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.16.594068. [PMID: 38798334 PMCID: PMC11118324 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.594068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mapping the vascular organization of the brain is of great importance across various domains of basic neuroimaging research, diagnostic radiology, and neurology. However, the intricate task of precisely mapping vasculature across brain regions and cortical layers presents formidable challenges, resulting in a limited understanding of neurometabolic factors influencing the brain's microvasculature. Addressing this gap, our study investigates whole-brain vascular volume using ferumoxytol-weighted laminar-resolution multi-echo gradient-echo imaging in macaque monkeys. We validate the results with published data for vascular densities and compare them with cytoarchitecture, neuron and synaptic densities. The ferumoxytol-induced change in transverse relaxation rate (ΔR2*), an indirect proxy measure of cerebral blood volume (CBV), was mapped onto twelve equivolumetric laminar cortical surfaces. Our findings reveal that CBV varies 3-fold across the brain, with the highest vascular volume observed in the inferior colliculus and lowest in the corpus callosum. In the cerebral cortex, CBV is notably high in early primary sensory areas and low in association areas responsible for higher cognitive functions. Classification of CBV into distinct groups unveils extensive replication of translaminar vascular network motifs, suggesting distinct computational energy supply requirements in areas with varying cytoarchitecture types. Regionally, baseline R2* and CBV exhibit positive correlations with neuron density and negative correlations with receptor densities. Adjusting image resolution based on the critical sampling frequency of penetrating cortical vessels, allows us to delineate approximately 30% of the arterial-venous vessels. Collectively, these results mark significant methodological and conceptual advancements, contributing to the refinement of cerebrovascular MRI. Furthermore, our study establishes a linkage between neurometabolic factors and the vascular network architecture in the primate brain. Highlights ⮚ Cortical layer vascular mapping using ferumoxytol-weighted R2* MRI⮚ Vascular volume is high in primary sensory areas and low in association areas⮚ Correlation between R2* and vascular volume with neuron and receptor densities⮚ Vascularization co-varies with densities of specific interneuron types.
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Dean T, Mendiola AS, Yan Z, Meza-Acevedo R, Cabriga B, Akassoglou K, Ryu JK. Fibrin promotes oxidative stress and neuronal loss in traumatic brain injury via innate immune activation. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:94. [PMID: 38622640 PMCID: PMC11017541 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes significant blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, resulting in the extravasation of blood proteins into the brain. The impact of blood proteins, especially fibrinogen, on inflammation and neurodegeneration post-TBI is not fully understood, highlighting a critical gap in our comprehension of TBI pathology and its connection to innate immune activation. METHODS We combined vascular casting with 3D imaging of solvent-cleared organs (uDISCO) to study the spatial distribution of the blood coagulation protein fibrinogen in large, intact brain volumes and assessed the temporal regulation of the fibrin(ogen) deposition by immunohistochemistry in a murine model of TBI. Fibrin(ogen) deposition and innate immune cell markers were co-localized by immunohistochemistry in mouse and human brains after TBI. We assessed the role of fibrinogen in TBI using unbiased transcriptomics, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry for innate immune and neuronal markers in Fggγ390-396A knock-in mice, which express a mutant fibrinogen that retains normal clotting function, but lacks the γ390-396 binding motif to CD11b/CD18 integrin receptor. RESULTS We show that cerebral fibrinogen deposits were associated with activated innate immune cells in both human and murine TBI. Genetic elimination of fibrin-CD11b interaction reduced peripheral monocyte recruitment and the activation of inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS) gene pathways in microglia and macrophages after TBI. Blockade of the fibrin-CD11b interaction was also protective from oxidative stress damage and cortical loss after TBI. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that fibrinogen is a regulator of innate immune activation and neurodegeneration in TBI. Abrogating post-injury neuroinflammation by selective blockade of fibrin's inflammatory functions may have implications for long-term neurologic recovery following brain trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Dean
- Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrew S Mendiola
- Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoqi Yan
- Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Meza-Acevedo
- Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Belinda Cabriga
- Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jae Kyu Ryu
- Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Chen P, Wang W, Ban W, Zhang K, Dai Y, Yang Z, You Y. Deciphering Post-Stroke Sleep Disorders: Unveiling Neurological Mechanisms in the Realm of Brain Science. Brain Sci 2024; 14:307. [PMID: 38671959 PMCID: PMC11047862 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep disorders are the most widespread mental disorders after stroke and hurt survivors' functional prognosis, response to restoration, and quality of life. This review will address an overview of the progress of research on the biological mechanisms associated with stroke-complicating sleep disorders. Extensive research has investigated the negative impact of stroke on sleep. However, a bidirectional association between sleep disorders and stroke exists; while stroke elevates the risk of sleep disorders, these disorders also independently contribute as a risk factor for stroke. This review aims to elucidate the mechanisms of stroke-induced sleep disorders. Possible influences were examined, including functional changes in brain regions, cerebrovascular hemodynamics, neurological deficits, sleep ion regulation, neurotransmitters, and inflammation. The results provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of stroke complicating sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinqiu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (P.C.)
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (P.C.)
| | - Weikang Ban
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kecan Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanan Dai
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuyang You
- School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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6
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Djurich S, Secomb TW. Analysis of potassium ion diffusion from neurons to capillaries: Effects of astrocyte endfeet geometry. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:323-332. [PMID: 38123136 PMCID: PMC10872621 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling (NVC) refers to a local increase in cerebral blood flow in response to increased neuronal activity. Mechanisms of communication between neurons and blood vessels remain unclear. Astrocyte endfeet almost completely cover cerebral capillaries, suggesting that astrocytes play a role in NVC by releasing vasoactive substances near capillaries. An alternative hypothesis is that direct diffusion through the extracellular space of potassium ions (K+ ) released by neurons contributes to NVC. Here, the goal is to determine whether astrocyte endfeet present a barrier to K+ diffusion from neurons to capillaries. Two simplified 2D geometries of extracellular space, clefts between endfeet, and perivascular space are used: (i) a source 1 μm from a capillary; (ii) a neuron 15 μm from a capillary. K+ release is modelled as a step increase in [K+ ] at the outer boundary of the extracellular space. The time-dependent diffusion equation is solved numerically. In the first geometry, perivascular [K+ ] approaches its final value within 0.05 s. Decreasing endfeet cleft width or increasing perivascular space width slows the rise in [K+ ]. In the second geometry, the increase in perivascular [K+ ] occurs within 0.5 s and is insensitive to changes in cleft width or perivascular space width. Predicted levels of perivascular [K+ ] are sufficient to cause vasodilation, and the rise time is within the time for flow increase in NVC. These results suggest that direct diffusion of K+ through the extracellular space is a possible NVC signalling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Djurich
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Timothy W Secomb
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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7
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Qian K, Friedman B, Takatoh J, Wang F, Kleinfeld D, Freund Y. CellBoost: A pipeline for machine assisted annotation in Neuroanatomy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.13.557658. [PMID: 38293051 PMCID: PMC10827062 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.13.557658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
One of the important yet labor intensive tasks in neuroanatomy is the identification of select populations of cells. Current high-throughput techniques enable marking cells with histochemical fluorescent molecules as well as through the genetic expression of fluorescent proteins. Modern scanning microscopes allow high resolution multi-channel imaging of the mechanically or optically sectioned brain with thousands of marked cells per square millimeter. Manual identification of all marked cells is prohibitively time consuming. At the same time, simple segmentation algorithms suffer from high error rates and sensitivity to variation in fluorescent intensity and spatial distribution. We present a methodology that combines human judgement and machine learning that serves to significantly reduce the labor of the anatomist while improving the consistency of the annotation. As a demonstration, we analyzed murine brains with marked premotor neurons in the brainstem. We compared the error rate of our method to the disagreement rate among human anatomists. This comparison shows that our method can reduce the time to annotate by as much as ten-fold without significantly increasing the rate of errors. We show that our method achieves significant reduction in labor while achieving an accuracy that is similar to the level of agreement between different anatomists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Qian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Beth Friedman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jun Takatoh
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David Kleinfeld
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yoav Freund
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Rajagopalan NR, Vista WR, Fujimori M, Vroomen LGPH, Jiménez JM, Khadka N, Bikson M, Srimathveeravalli G. Cytoskeletal Remodeling and Gap Junction Translocation Mediates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption by Non-invasive Low-Voltage Pulsed Electric Fields. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:89-102. [PMID: 37115366 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage pulsed electric fields (HV-PEF) delivered with invasive needle electrodes for electroporation applications is known to induce off-target blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. In this study, we sought to determine the feasibility of minimally invasive PEF application to produce BBB disruption in rat brain and identify the putative mechanisms mediating the effect. We observed dose-dependent presence of Evans Blue (EB) dye in rat brain when PEF were delivered with a skull mounted electrode used for neurostimulation application. Maximum region of dye uptake was observed while using 1500 V, 100 pulses, 100 µs and 10 Hz. Results of computational models suggested that the region of BBB disruption was occurring at thresholds of 63 V/cm or higher; well below intensity levels for electroporation. In vitro experiments recapitulating this effect with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) demonstrated cellular alterations that underlie BBB manifests at low-voltage high-pulse conditions without affecting cell viability or proliferation. Morphological changes in HUVECs due to PEF were accompanied by disruption of actin cytoskeleton, loss of tight junction protein-ZO-1 and VE-Cadherin at cell junctions and partial translocation into the cytoplasm. Uptake of propidium iodide (PI) in PEF treated conditions is less than 1% and 2.5% of total number of cells in high voltage (HV) and low-voltage (LV) groups, respectively, implying that BBB disruption to be independent of electroporation under these conditions. 3-D microfabricated blood vessel permeability was found to increase significantly following PEF treatment and confirmed with correlative cytoskeletal changes and loss of tight junction proteins. Finally, we show that the rat brain model can be scaled to human brains with a similar effect on BBB disruption characterized by electric field strength (EFS) threshold and using a combination of two bilateral HD electrode configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William-Ray Vista
- Department of Radiology, Interventional Radiology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Masashi Fujimori
- Department of Radiology, Interventional Radiology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | | | - Juan M Jiménez
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Niranjan Khadka
- Division of Neuromodulation, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Synchron Inc, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marom Bikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Govindarajan Srimathveeravalli
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
- Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
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9
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Nicolas N, Dinet V, Roux E. 3D imaging and morphometric descriptors of vascular networks on optically cleared organs. iScience 2023; 26:108007. [PMID: 37810224 PMCID: PMC10551892 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular system is a multi-scale network whose functionality depends on its structure, and for which structural alterations can be linked to pathological shifts. Though biologists use multiple 3D imaging techniques to visualize vascular networks, the 3D image processing methodologies remain sources of biases, and the extraction of quantitative morphometric descriptors remains flawed. The article, first, reviews the current 3D image processing methodologies, and morphometric descriptors of vascular network images mainly obtained by light-sheet microscopy on optically cleared organs, found in the literature. Second, it proposes operator-independent segmentation and skeletonization methodologies using the freeware ImageJ. Third, it gives more extractable network-level (density, connectivity, fractal dimension) and segment-level (length, diameter, tortuosity) 3D morphometric descriptors and how to statistically analyze them. Thus, it can serve as a guideline for biologists using 3D imaging techniques of vascular networks, allowing the production of more comparable studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Nicolas
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires, U1034, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Virginie Dinet
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires, U1034, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Etienne Roux
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, Biologie des maladies cardiovasculaires, U1034, F-33600 Pessac, France
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10
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Kim SJ, Affan RO, Frostig H, Scott BB, Alexander AS. Advances in cellular resolution microscopy for brain imaging in rats. NEUROPHOTONICS 2023; 10:044304. [PMID: 38076724 PMCID: PMC10704261 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.4.044304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Rats are used in neuroscience research because of their physiological similarities with humans and accessibility as model organisms, trainability, and behavioral repertoire. In particular, rats perform a wide range of sophisticated social, cognitive, motor, and learning behaviors within the contexts of both naturalistic and laboratory environments. Further progress in neuroscience can be facilitated by using advanced imaging methods to measure the complex neural and physiological processes during behavior in rats. However, compared with the mouse, the rat nervous system offers a set of challenges, such as larger brain size, decreased neuron density, and difficulty with head restraint. Here, we review recent advances in in vivo imaging techniques in rats with a special focus on open-source solutions for calcium imaging. Finally, we provide suggestions for both users and developers of in vivo imaging systems for rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Kim
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Rifqi O. Affan
- Boston University, Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hadas Frostig
- Boston University, Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Benjamin B. Scott
- Boston University, Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, Neurophotonics Center and Photonics Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Andrew S. Alexander
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Santa Barbara, California, United States
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11
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Epp R, Glück C, Binder NF, El Amki M, Weber B, Wegener S, Jenny P, Schmid F. The role of leptomeningeal collaterals in redistributing blood flow during stroke. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011496. [PMID: 37871109 PMCID: PMC10621965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptomeningeal collaterals (LMCs) connect the main cerebral arteries and provide alternative pathways for blood flow during ischaemic stroke. This is beneficial for reducing infarct size and reperfusion success after treatment. However, a better understanding of how LMCs affect blood flow distribution is indispensable to improve therapeutic strategies. Here, we present a novel in silico approach that incorporates case-specific in vivo data into a computational model to simulate blood flow in large semi-realistic microvascular networks from two different mouse strains, characterised by having many and almost no LMCs between middle and anterior cerebral artery (MCA, ACA) territories. This framework is unique because our simulations are directly aligned with in vivo data. Moreover, it allows us to analyse perfusion characteristics quantitatively across all vessel types and for networks with no, few and many LMCs. We show that the occlusion of the MCA directly caused a redistribution of blood that was characterised by increased flow in LMCs. Interestingly, the improved perfusion of MCA-sided microvessels after dilating LMCs came at the cost of a reduced blood supply in other brain areas. This effect was enhanced in regions close to the watershed line and when the number of LMCs was increased. Additional dilations of surface and penetrating arteries after stroke improved perfusion across the entire vasculature and partially recovered flow in the obstructed region, especially in networks with many LMCs, which further underlines the role of LMCs during stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Epp
- Institute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chaim Glück
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Felizitas Binder
- Deptartment of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mohamad El Amki
- Deptartment of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Weber
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Wegener
- Deptartment of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Jenny
- Institute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franca Schmid
- Institute of Fluid Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Xue S, Zhou X, Yang ZH, Si XK, Sun X. Stroke-induced damage on the blood-brain barrier. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1248970. [PMID: 37840921 PMCID: PMC10569696 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1248970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a functional phenotype exhibited by the neurovascular unit (NVU). It is maintained and regulated by the interaction between cellular and non-cellular matrix components of the NVU. The BBB plays a vital role in maintaining the dynamic stability of the intracerebral microenvironment as a barrier layer at the critical interface between the blood and neural tissues. The large contact area (approximately 20 m2/1.3 kg brain) and short diffusion distance between neurons and capillaries allow endothelial cells to dominate the regulatory role. The NVU is a structural component of the BBB. Individual cells and components of the NVU work together to maintain BBB stability. One of the hallmarks of acute ischemic stroke is the disruption of the BBB, including impaired function of the tight junction and other molecules, as well as increased BBB permeability, leading to brain edema and a range of clinical symptoms. This review summarizes the cellular composition of the BBB and describes the protein composition of the barrier functional junction complex and the mechanisms regulating acute ischemic stroke-induced BBB disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xin Sun
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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13
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Zedde M, Grisendi I, Assenza F, Vandelli G, Napoli M, Moratti C, Lochner P, Seiffge DJ, Piazza F, Valzania F, Pascarella R. The Venular Side of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: Proof of Concept of a Neglected Issue. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2663. [PMID: 37893037 PMCID: PMC10604278 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Small vessel diseases (SVD) is an umbrella term including several entities affecting small arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and venules in the brain. One of the most relevant and prevalent SVDs is cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), whose pathological hallmark is the deposition of amyloid fragments in the walls of small cortical and leptomeningeal vessels. CAA frequently coexists with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and both are associated with cerebrovascular events, cognitive impairment, and dementia. CAA and AD share pathophysiological, histopathological and neuroimaging issues. The venular involvement in both diseases has been neglected, although both animal models and human histopathological studies found a deposition of amyloid beta in cortical venules. This review aimed to summarize the available information about venular involvement in CAA, starting from the biological level with the putative pathomechanisms of cerebral damage, passing through the definition of the peculiar angioarchitecture of the human cortex with the functional organization and consequences of cortical arteriolar and venular occlusion, and ending to the hypothesized links between cortical venular involvement and the main neuroimaging markers of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Zedde
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Grisendi
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federica Assenza
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gabriele Vandelli
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Manuela Napoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Claudio Moratti
- Neuroradiology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Lochner
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - David J. Seiffge
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Piazza
- CAA and AD Translational Research and Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Franco Valzania
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Rosario Pascarella
- Neuroradiology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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14
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Wu Y, Yang Z, Liu M, Han Y. Application of fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography in the cerebrovasculature and applicable vascular labeling methods. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1619-1627. [PMID: 37481741 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) is a three-dimensional (3d) imaging method at the mesoscopic level. The whole-brain of mice can be imaged at a high resolution of 0.32 × 0.32 × 1.00 μm3. It is useful for revealing the fine morphology of intact organ tissue, even for positioning the single vessel connected with a complicated vascular network across different brain regions in the whole mouse brain. Featuring its 3d visualization of whole-brain cross-scale connections, fMOST has a vast potential to decipher brain function and diseases. This article begins with the background of fMOST technology including a widespread 3D imaging methods comparison and the basic technical principal illustration, followed by the application of fMOST in cerebrovascular research and relevant vascular labeling techniques applicable to different scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Zidong Yang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, 825 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Neurology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Road, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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15
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Zhang A, Mandeville ET, Xu L, Stary CM, Lo EH, Lieber CM. Ultraflexible endovascular probes for brain recording through micrometer-scale vasculature. Science 2023; 381:306-312. [PMID: 37471542 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Implantable neuroelectronic interfaces have enabled advances in both fundamental research and treatment of neurological diseases but traditional intracranial depth electrodes require invasive surgery to place and can disrupt neural networks during implantation. We developed an ultrasmall and flexible endovascular neural probe that can be implanted into sub-100-micrometer-scale blood vessels in the brains of rodents without damaging the brain or vasculature. In vivo electrophysiology recording of local field potentials and single-unit spikes have been selectively achieved in the cortex and olfactory bulb. Histology analysis of the tissue interface showed minimal immune response and long-term stability. This platform technology can be readily extended as both research tools and medical devices for the detection and intervention of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Emiri T Mandeville
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Lijun Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Creed M Stary
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Charles M Lieber
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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16
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Zhou Y, Yang H, Wang X, Yang H, Sun K, Zhou Z, Sun L, Zhao J, Tao TH, Wei X. A mosquito mouthpart-like bionic neural probe. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:88. [PMID: 37448967 PMCID: PMC10336119 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in microscale electrode technology have revolutionized the field of neuroscience and clinical applications by offering high temporal and spatial resolution of recording and stimulation. Flexible neural probes, with their mechanical compliance to brain tissue, have been shown to be superior to rigid devices in terms of stability and longevity in chronic recordings. Shuttle devices are commonly used to assist flexible probe implantation; however, the protective membrane of the brain still makes penetration difficult. Hidden damage to brain vessels during implantation is a significant risk. Inspired by the anatomy of the mosquito mouthparts, we present a biomimetic neuroprobe system that integrates high-sensitivity sensors with a high-fidelity multichannel flexible electrode array. This customizable system achieves distributed and minimally invasive implantation across brain regions. Most importantly, the system's nonvisual monitoring capability provides an early warning detection for intracranial soft tissues, such as vessels, reducing the potential for injury during implantation. The neural probe system demonstrates exceptional sensitivity and adaptability to environmental stimuli, as well as outstanding performance in postoperative and chronic recordings. These findings suggest that our biomimetic neural-probe device offers promising potential for future applications in neuroscience and brain-machine interfaces. A mosquito mouthpart-like bionic neural probe consisting of a highly sensitive tactile sensor module, a flexible microelectrode array, and implanted modules that mimic the structure of mosquito mouthparts. The system enables distributed implantation of electrode arrays across multiple brain regions while making the implantation minimally invasive and avoiding additional dural removal. The tactile sensor array can monitor the implantation process to achieve early warning of vascular damage. The excellent postoperative short-term recording performance and long-term neural activity tracking ability demonstrate that the system is a promising tool in the field of brain-computer interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Huiran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Heng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Zhitao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Liuyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Tiger H. Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
- Neuroxess Co., Ltd. (Jiangxi), 330029 Nanchang, Jiangxi China
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Hengqin, 519031 Zhuhai, Guangdong China
- Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Translational Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050 Shanghai, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
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17
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Ushakov DS, Finke S. Tissue optical clearing and 3D imaging of virus infections. Adv Virus Res 2023; 116:89-121. [PMID: 37524483 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Imaging pathogens within 3D environment of biological tissues provides spatial information about their localization and interactions with the host. Technological advances in fluorescence microscopy and 3D image analysis now permit visualization and quantification of pathogens directly in large tissue volumes and in great detail. In recent years large volume imaging became an important tool in virology research helping to understand the properties of viruses and the host response to infection. In this chapter we give a review of fluorescence microscopy modalities and tissue optical clearing methods used for large volume tissue imaging. A summary of recent applications for virus research is provided with particular emphasis on studies using light sheet fluorescence microscopy. We describe the challenges and approaches for volumetric image analysis. Practical examples of volumetric imaging implemented in virology laboratories and addressing specialized research questions, such as virus tropism and immune host response are described. We conclude with an overview of the emerging technologies and their potential for virus research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S Ushakov
- Institute for Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
| | - Stefan Finke
- Institute for Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
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18
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Shin P, Pian Q, Ishikawa H, Hamanaka G, Mandeville ET, Guo S, Fu B, Alfadhel M, Allu SR, Şencan-Eğilmez I, Li B, Ran C, Vinogradov SA, Ayata C, Lo E, Arai K, Devor A, Sakadžić S. Aerobic exercise reverses aging-induced depth-dependent decline in cerebral microcirculation. eLife 2023; 12:e86329. [PMID: 37402178 PMCID: PMC10319437 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for cognitive impairment. Aerobic exercise benefits brain function and may promote cognitive health in older adults. However, underlying biological mechanisms across cerebral gray and white matter are poorly understood. Selective vulnerability of the white matter to small vessel disease and a link between white matter health and cognitive function suggests a potential role for responses in deep cerebral microcirculation. Here, we tested whether aerobic exercise modulates cerebral microcirculatory changes induced by aging. To this end, we carried out a comprehensive quantitative examination of changes in cerebral microvascular physiology in cortical gray and subcortical white matter in mice (3-6 vs. 19-21 months old), and asked whether and how exercise may rescue age-induced deficits. In the sedentary group, aging caused a more severe decline in cerebral microvascular perfusion and oxygenation in deep (infragranular) cortical layers and subcortical white matter compared with superficial (supragranular) cortical layers. Five months of voluntary aerobic exercise partly renormalized microvascular perfusion and oxygenation in aged mice in a depth-dependent manner, and brought these spatial distributions closer to those of young adult sedentary mice. These microcirculatory effects were accompanied by an improvement in cognitive function. Our work demonstrates the selective vulnerability of the deep cortex and subcortical white matter to aging-induced decline in microcirculation, as well as the responsiveness of these regions to aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Shin
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Qi Pian
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Hidehiro Ishikawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Gen Hamanaka
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Emiri T Mandeville
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Shuzhen Guo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Buyin Fu
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Mohammed Alfadhel
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
| | - Srinivasa Rao Allu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Ikbal Şencan-Eğilmez
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
- Biophotonics Research Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, United States
| | - Baoqiang Li
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Sergei A Vinogradov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
- Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Eng Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Ken Arai
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
| | - Anna Devor
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, United States
| | - Sava Sakadžić
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, United States
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19
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Wu YC, Moon HG, Bindokas VP, Phillips EH, Park GY, Lee SSY. Multiresolution 3D Optical Mapping of Immune Cell Infiltrates in Mouse Asthmatic Lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 69:13-21. [PMID: 37017484 PMCID: PMC10324044 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0353ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease driven by various infiltrating immune cell types into the lung. Optical microscopy has been used to study immune infiltrates in asthmatic lungs. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) identifies the phenotypes and locations of individual immune cells in lung tissue sections by employing high-magnification objectives and multiplex immunofluorescence staining. In contrast, light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) can visualize the macroscopic and mesoscopic architecture of whole-mount lung tissues in three dimensions (3D) by adopting an optical tissue-clearing method. Despite each microscopy method producing image data with unique resolution from a tissue sample, CLSM and LSFM have not been applied together because of different tissue-preparation procedures. Here, we introduce a new approach combining LSFM and CLSM into a sequential imaging pipeline. We built a new optical tissue clearing workflow in which the immersion clearing agent can be switched from an organic solvent to an aqueous sugar solution for sequential 3D LSFM and CLSM of mouse lungs. This sequential combination microscopy offered quantitative 3D spatial analyses of the distribution of immune infiltrates in the same mouse asthmatic lung tissue at the organ, tissue, and cell levels. These results show that our method facilitates multiresolution 3D fluorescence microscopy as a new imaging approach providing comprehensive spatial information for a better understanding of inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyung-Geun Moon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vytautas P. Bindokas
- Integrated Light Microscopy Facility, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | | | - Gye Young Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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20
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Dura-Bernal S, Neymotin SA, Suter BA, Dacre J, Moreira JVS, Urdapilleta E, Schiemann J, Duguid I, Shepherd GMG, Lytton WW. Multiscale model of primary motor cortex circuits predicts in vivo cell-type-specific, behavioral state-dependent dynamics. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112574. [PMID: 37300831 PMCID: PMC10592234 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding cortical function requires studying multiple scales: molecular, cellular, circuit, and behavioral. We develop a multiscale, biophysically detailed model of mouse primary motor cortex (M1) with over 10,000 neurons and 30 million synapses. Neuron types, densities, spatial distributions, morphologies, biophysics, connectivity, and dendritic synapse locations are constrained by experimental data. The model includes long-range inputs from seven thalamic and cortical regions and noradrenergic inputs. Connectivity depends on cell class and cortical depth at sublaminar resolution. The model accurately predicts in vivo layer- and cell-type-specific responses (firing rates and LFP) associated with behavioral states (quiet wakefulness and movement) and experimental manipulations (noradrenaline receptor blockade and thalamus inactivation). We generate mechanistic hypotheses underlying the observed activity and analyzed low-dimensional population latent dynamics. This quantitative theoretical framework can be used to integrate and interpret M1 experimental data and sheds light on the cell-type-specific multiscale dynamics associated with several experimental conditions and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Dura-Bernal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
| | - Samuel A Neymotin
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University (NYU), New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin A Suter
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Joshua Dacre
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joao V S Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Eugenio Urdapilleta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Julia Schiemann
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ian Duguid
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Edinburgh Medical School: Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - William W Lytton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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21
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Glaser A, Chandrashekar J, Vasquez J, Arshadi C, Ouellette N, Jiang X, Baka J, Kovacs G, Woodard M, Seshamani S, Cao K, Clack N, Recknagel A, Grim A, Balaram P, Turschak E, Liddell A, Rohde J, Hellevik A, Takasaki K, Barner LE, Logsdon M, Chronopoulos C, de Vries S, Ting J, Perlmutter S, Kalmbach B, Dembrow N, Reid RC, Feng D, Svoboda K. Expansion-assisted selective plane illumination microscopy for nanoscale imaging of centimeter-scale tissues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.08.544277. [PMID: 37425699 PMCID: PMC10327101 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.544277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in tissue processing, labeling, and fluorescence microscopy are providing unprecedented views of the structure of cells and tissues at sub-diffraction resolutions and near single molecule sensitivity, driving discoveries in diverse fields of biology, including neuroscience. Biological tissue is organized over scales of nanometers to centimeters. Harnessing molecular imaging across three-dimensional samples on this scale requires new types of microscopes with larger fields of view and working distance, as well as higher imaging throughput. We present a new expansion-assisted selective plane illumination microscope (ExA-SPIM) with diffraction-limited and aberration-free performance over a large field of view (85 mm 2 ) and working distance (35 mm). Combined with new tissue clearing and expansion methods, the microscope allows nanoscale imaging of centimeter-scale samples, including entire mouse brains, with diffraction-limited resolutions and high contrast without sectioning. We illustrate ExA-SPIM by reconstructing individual neurons across the mouse brain, imaging cortico-spinal neurons in the macaque motor cortex, and tracing axons in human white matter.
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22
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Isosaari L, Vuorenpää H, Yrjänäinen A, Kapucu FE, Kelloniemi M, Pakarinen TK, Miettinen S, Narkilahti S. Simultaneous induction of vasculature and neuronal network formation on a chip reveals a dynamic interrelationship between cell types. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:132. [PMID: 37316873 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal networks receive and deliver information to regulate bodily functions while the vascular network provides oxygen, nutrients, and signaling molecules to tissues. Neurovascular interactions are vital for both tissue development and maintaining homeostasis in adulthood; these two network systems align and reciprocally communicate with one another. Although communication between network systems has been acknowledged, the lack of relevant in vitro models has hindered research at the mechanistic level. For example, the current used in vitro neurovascular models are typically established to be short-term (≤ 7 days) culture models, and they miss the supporting vascular mural cells. METHODS In this study, we utilized human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) -derived neurons, fluorescence tagged human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and either human bone marrow or adipose stem/stromal cells (BMSCs or ASCs) as the mural cell types to create a novel 3D neurovascular network-on-a-chip model. Collagen 1-fibrin matrix was used to establish long-term (≥ 14 days) 3D cell culture in a perfusable microphysiological environment. RESULTS Aprotinin-supplemented endothelial cell growth medium-2 (EGM-2) supported the simultaneous formation of neuronal networks, vascular structures, mural cell differentiation, and the stability of the 3D matrix. The formed neuronal and vascular networks were morphologically and functionally characterized. Neuronal networks supported vasculature formation based on direct cell contacts and by dramatically increasing the secretion of angiogenesis-related factors in multicultures in contrast to cocultures without neurons. Both utilized mural cell types supported the formation of neurovascular networks; however, the BMSCs seemed to boost neurovascular networks to greater extent. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study provides a novel human neurovascular network model that is applicable for creating in vivo-like tissue models with intrinsic neurovascular interactions. The 3D neurovascular network model on chip forms an initial platform for the development of vascularized and innervated organ-on-chip and further body-on-chip concepts and offers the possibility for mechanistic studies on neurovascular communication both under healthy and in disease conditions. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Isosaari
- NeuroGroup, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanna Vuorenpää
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alma Yrjänäinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Fikret Emre Kapucu
- NeuroGroup, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Kelloniemi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Susanna Miettinen
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Narkilahti
- NeuroGroup, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
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23
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Luan L, Yin R, Zhu H, Xie C. Emerging Penetrating Neural Electrodes: In Pursuit of Large Scale and Longevity. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 25:185-205. [PMID: 37289556 PMCID: PMC11078330 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-090622-050507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Penetrating neural electrodes provide a powerful approach to decipher brain circuitry by allowing for time-resolved electrical detections of individual action potentials. This unique capability has contributed tremendously to basic and translational neuroscience, enabling both fundamental understandings of brain functions and applications of human prosthetic devices that restore crucial sensations and movements. However, conventional approaches are limited by the scarce number of available sensing channels and compromised efficacy over long-term implantations. Recording longevity and scalability have become the most sought-after improvements in emerging technologies. In this review, we discuss the technological advances in the past 5-10 years that have enabled larger-scale, more detailed, and longer-lasting recordings of neural circuits at work than ever before. We present snapshots of the latest advances in penetration electrode technology, showcase their applications in animal models and humans, and outline the underlying design principles and considerations to fuel future technological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA;
- Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rongkang Yin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA;
- Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hanlin Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA;
- Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chong Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA;
- Rice Neuroengineering Initiative, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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24
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Wang L, Yuan PQ, Taché Y. Vasculature in the mouse colon and spatial relationships with the enteric nervous system, glia, and immune cells. Front Neuroanat 2023; 17:1130169. [PMID: 37332321 PMCID: PMC10272736 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2023.1130169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution, morphology, and innervation of vasculature in different mouse colonic segments and layers, as well as spatial relationships of the vasculature with the enteric plexuses, glia, and macrophages are far from being complete. The vessels in the adult mouse colon were stained by the cardiovascular perfusion of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-Alexa Fluor 448 and by CD31 immunoreactivity. Nerve fibers, enteric glia, and macrophages were immunostained in the WGA-perfused colon. The blood vessels entered from the mesentery to the submucosa and branched into the capillary networks in the mucosa and muscularis externa. The capillary net formed anastomosed rings at the orifices of mucosa crypts, and the capillary rings surrounded the crypts individually in the proximal colon and more than two crypts in the distal colon. Microvessels in the muscularis externa with myenteric plexus were less dense than in the mucosa and formed loops. In the circular smooth muscle layer, microvessels were distributed in the proximal, but not the distal colon. Capillaries did not enter the enteric ganglia. There were no significant differences in microvascular volume per tissue volume between the proximal and distal colon either in the mucosa or muscularis externa containing the myenteric plexus. PGP9.5-, tyrosine hydroxylase-, and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers were distributed along the vessels in the submucosa. In the mucosa, PGP9.5-, CGRP-, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-immunoreactive nerves terminated close to the capillary rings, while cells and processes labeled by S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein were distributed mainly in the lamina propria and lower portion of the mucosa. Dense Iba1 immunoreactive macrophages were closely adjacent to the mucosal capillary rings. There were a few macrophages, but no glia in apposition to microvessels in the submucosa and muscularis externa. In conclusion, in the mouse colon, (1) the differences in vasculature between the proximal and distal colon were associated with the morphology, but not the microvascular amount per tissue volume in the mucosa and muscle layers; (2) the colonic mucosa contained significantly more microvessels than the muscularis externa; and (3) there were more CGRP and VIP nerve fibers found close to microvessels in the mucosa and submucosa than in the muscle layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wang
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pu-Qing Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yvette Taché
- Department of Medicine, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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25
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Liu X, Irwin DA, Huang C, Gu Y, Chen L, Donohue KD, Chen L, Yu G. A Wearable Fiber-Free Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Cerebral Blood Flow in Freely Behaving Mice. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2023; 70:1838-1848. [PMID: 37015409 PMCID: PMC10542964 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3229513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wearable technologies for functional brain monitoring in freely behaving subjects can advance our understanding of cognitive processing and adaptive behavior. Existing technologies are lacking in this capability or need procedures that are invasive and/or otherwise impede brain assessments during social behavioral conditions, exercise, and sleep. METHODS In response a complete system was developed to combine relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurement, O2 and CO2 supplies, and behavior recording for use on conscious, freely behaving mice. An innovative diffuse speckle contrast flowmetry (DSCF) device and associated hardware were miniaturized and optimized for rCBF measurements in small subject applications. The use of this wearable, fiber-free, near-infrared DSCF head-stage/probe allowed no craniotomy, minimally invasive probe implantation, and minimal restraint of the awake animal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Significant correlations were found between measurements with the new DSCF design and an optical standard. The system successfully detected rCBF responses to CO2-induced hypercapnia in both anesthetized and freely behaving mice. SIGNIFICANCE Collecting rCBF and activity information together during natural behaviors provides realistic physiological results and opens the path to exploring their correlations with pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Daniel A. Irwin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Chong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yutong Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kevin D. Donohue
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Physiology, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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26
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Coelho-Santos V, Cruz AJN, Shih AY. Does Perinatal Intermittent Hypoxia Affect Cerebrovascular Network Development? Dev Neurosci 2023; 46:44-54. [PMID: 37231864 DOI: 10.1159/000530957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia is an inadequate delivery of oxygen to the fetus in the period immediately before, during, or after the birth process. The most frequent form of hypoxia occurring in human development is chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) due to sleep-disordered breathing (apnea) or bradycardia events. CIH incidence is particularly high with premature infants. During CIH, repetitive cycles of hypoxia and reoxygenation initiate oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades in the brain. A dense microvascular network of arterioles, capillaries, and venules is required to support the constant metabolic demands of the adult brain. The development and refinement of this microvasculature is orchestrated throughout gestation and in the initial weeks after birth, at a critical juncture when CIH can occur. There is little knowledge on how CIH affects the development of the cerebrovasculature. However, since CIH (and its treatments) can cause profound abnormalities in tissue oxygen content and neural activity, there is reason to believe that it can induce lasting abnormalities in vascular structure and function at the microvascular level contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders. This mini-review discusses the hypothesis that CIH induces a positive feedback loop to perpetuate metabolic insufficiency through derailment of normal cerebrovascular development, leading to long-term deficiencies in cerebrovascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Coelho-Santos
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anne-Jolene N Cruz
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andy Y Shih
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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27
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Spangenberg P, Hagemann N, Squire A, Förster N, Krauß SD, Qi Y, Mohamud Yusuf A, Wang J, Grüneboom A, Kowitz L, Korste S, Totzeck M, Cibir Z, Tuz AA, Singh V, Siemes D, Struensee L, Engel DR, Ludewig P, Martins Nascentes Melo L, Helfrich I, Chen J, Gunzer M, Hermann DM, Mosig A. Rapid and fully automated blood vasculature analysis in 3D light-sheet image volumes of different organs. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100436. [PMID: 37056368 PMCID: PMC10088239 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) can produce high-resolution tomograms of tissue vasculature with high accuracy. However, data processing and analysis is laborious due to the size of the datasets. Here, we introduce VesselExpress, an automated software that reliably analyzes six characteristic vascular network parameters including vessel diameter in LSFM data on average computing hardware. VesselExpress is ∼100 times faster than other existing vessel analysis tools, requires no user interaction, and integrates batch processing and parallelization. Employing an innovative dual Frangi filter approach, we show that obesity induces a large-scale modulation of brain vasculature in mice and that seven other major organs differ strongly in their 3D vascular makeup. Hence, VesselExpress transforms LSFM from an observational to an analytical working tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Spangenberg
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nina Hagemann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anthony Squire
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nils Förster
- Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Bioinformatics Group, Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Sascha D. Krauß
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yachao Qi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anika Grüneboom
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lennart Kowitz
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Korste
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Totzeck
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Zülal Cibir
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Ata Tuz
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vikramjeet Singh
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Devon Siemes
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laura Struensee
- Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Daniel R. Engel
- Department of Immunodynamics, Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Ludewig
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Iris Helfrich
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jianxu Chen
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk M. Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Axel Mosig
- Center for Protein Diagnostics (ProDi), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Bioinformatics Group, Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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28
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Zhang A, Mandeville ET, Xu L, Stary CM, Lo EH, Lieber CM. Ultra-flexible endovascular probes for brain recording through micron-scale vasculature. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.20.533576. [PMID: 36993229 PMCID: PMC10055285 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.533576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Implantable neuroelectronic interfaces have enabled significant advances in both fundamental research and treatment of neurological diseases, yet traditional intracranial depth electrodes require invasive surgery to place and can disrupt the neural networks during implantation. To address these limitations, we have developed an ultra-small and flexible endovascular neural probe that can be implanted into small 100-micron scale blood vessels in the brains of rodents without damaging the brain or vasculature. The structure and mechanical properties of the flexible probes were designed to meet the key constraints for implantation into tortuous blood vessels inaccessible with existing techniques. In vivo electrophysiology recording of local field potentials and single-unit spikes has been selectively achieved in the cortex and the olfactory bulb. Histology analysis of the tissue interface showed minimal immune response and long-term stability. This platform technology can be readily extended as both research tools and medical devices for the detection and intervention of neurological diseases.
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29
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Liwang JK, Bennett HC, Pi HJ, Kim Y. Protocol for using serial two-photon tomography to map cell types and cerebrovasculature at single-cell resolution in the whole adult mouse brain. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102048. [PMID: 36861829 PMCID: PMC10037193 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol using serial two-photon tomography (STPT) to quantitatively map genetically defined cell types and cerebrovasculature at single-cell resolution across the entire adult mouse brain. We describe the preparation of brain tissue and sample embedding for cell type and vascular STPT imaging and image processing using MATLAB codes. We detail the computational analyses for cell signal detection, vascular tracing, and three-dimensional image registration to anatomical atlases, which can be implemented for brain-wide mapping of different cell types. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wu et al. (2022),1 Son et al. (2022),2 Newmaster et al. (2020),3 Kim et al. (2017),4 and Ragan et al. (2012).5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine K Liwang
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Hannah C Bennett
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Hyun-Jae Pi
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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30
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Hasel P, Aisenberg WH, Bennett FC, Liddelow SA. Molecular and metabolic heterogeneity of astrocytes and microglia. Cell Metab 2023; 35:555-570. [PMID: 36958329 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes and microglia are central players in a myriad of processes in the healthy and diseased brain, ranging from metabolism to immunity. The crosstalk between these two cell types contributes to pathology in many if not all neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent advancements in integrative multimodal sequencing techniques have begun to highlight how heterogeneous both cell types are and the importance of metabolism to their regulation. We discuss here the transcriptomic, metabolic, and functional heterogeneity of astrocytes and microglia and highlight their interaction in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Hasel
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - William H Aisenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - F Chris Bennett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Shane A Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Parekh Center for Interdisciplinary Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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31
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Abstract
eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) is critically important enzyme responsible for regulation of cardiovascular homeostasis. Under physiological conditions, constitutive eNOS activity and production of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) exert essential neurovascular protective functions. In this review, we first discuss the roles of endothelial NO in prevention of neuronal amyloid accumulation and formation of neurofibrillary tangles, hallmarks of Alzheimer disease pathology. Next, we review existing evidence suggesting that NO released from endothelium prevents activation of microglia, stimulates glycolysis in astrocytes, and increases biogenesis of mitochondria. We also address major risk factors for cognitive impairment including aging and ApoE4 (apolipoprotein 4) genotype with focus on their detrimental effects on eNOS/NO signaling. Relevant to this review, recent studies suggested that aged eNOS heterozygous mice are unique model of spontaneous cerebral small vessel disease. In this regard, we review contribution of dysfunctional eNOS to deposition of Aβ (amyloid-β) into blood vessel wall leading to development of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. We conclude that endothelial dysfunction manifested by the loss of neurovascular protective functions of NO may significantly contribute to development of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvonimir S. Katusic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Livius V. d’Uscio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Tongrong He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
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32
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Zhu J, Liu X, Xu J, Deng Y, Wang P, Liu Z, Yang Q, Li D, Yu T, Zhu D. A versatile vessel casting method for fine mapping of vascular networks using a hydrogel-based lipophilic dye solution. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2023; 3:100407. [PMID: 36936073 PMCID: PMC10014313 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Efficient labeling of the vasculature is important for understanding the organization of vascular networks. Here, we propose VALID, a vessel-labeling method that enables visualization of vascular networks with tissue clearing and light-sheet microscopy. VALID transforms traditional lipophilic dye solution into hydrogel by introducing gelatin and restrains the dye aggregation, resulting in complete and uniform vessel-labeling patterns with high signal-to-background ratios. VALID also enhances the compatibility of lipophilic dyes with solvent-based tissue-clearing protocols, which was hard to achieve previously. Using VALID, we combined lipophilic dyes with solvent-based tissue-clearing techniques to perform 3D reconstructions of vasculature within mouse brain and spinal cord. We also employed VALID for 3D visualization and quantification of microvascular damage in a middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model. VALID should provide a simple, cost-effective vessel-labeling protocol that would significantly widen the applications of lipophilic dyes in research on cerebrovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtan Zhu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jianyi Xu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yating Deng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Pingfu Wang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Zhang Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Qihang Yang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics - MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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Lavi A, Sehgal M, de Sousa AF, Ter-Mkrtchyan D, Sisan F, Luchetti A, Okabe A, Bear C, Silva AJ. Local memory allocation recruits memory ensembles across brain regions. Neuron 2023; 111:470-480.e5. [PMID: 36563678 PMCID: PMC10548338 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Memories are thought to be stored in ensembles of neurons across multiple brain regions. However, whether and how these ensembles are coordinated at the time of learning remains largely unknown. Here, we combined CREB-mediated memory allocation with transsynaptic retrograde tracing to demonstrate that the allocation of aversive memories to a group of neurons in one brain region directly affects the allocation of interconnected neurons in upstream brain regions in a behavioral- and brain region-specific manner in mice. Our analysis suggests that this cross-regional recruitment of presynaptic neurons is initiated by downstream memory neurons through a retrograde mechanism. Together with statistical modeling, our results indicate that in addition to the anterograde flow of information between brain regions, the establishment of interconnected, brain-wide memory traces relies on a retrograde mechanism that coordinates memory ensembles at the time of learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayal Lavi
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megha Sehgal
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andre F de Sousa
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Donara Ter-Mkrtchyan
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fardad Sisan
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Luchetti
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna Okabe
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cameron Bear
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alcino J Silva
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Shin P, Pian Q, Ishikawa H, Hamanaka G, Mandeville ET, Shuzhen G, Buyin F, Alfadhel M, Allu SR, Şencan-Eğilmez I, Li B, Ran C, Vinogradov SA, Ayata C, Lo EH, Arai K, Devor A, Sakadžić S. Aerobic exercise reverses aging-induced depth-dependent decline in cerebral microcirculation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.12.528244. [PMID: 36824939 PMCID: PMC9949059 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.12.528244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for cognitive impairment. Aerobic exercise benefits brain function and may promote cognitive health in older adults. However, underlying biological mechanisms across cerebral gray and white matter are poorly understood. Selective vulnerability of the white matter to small vessel disease and a link between white matter health and cognitive function suggests a potential role for responses in deep cerebral microcirculation. Here, we tested whether aerobic exercise modulates cerebral microcirculatory changes induced by aging. To this end, we carried out a comprehensive quantitative examination of changes in cerebral microvascular physiology in cortical gray and subcortical white matter in mice (3-6 vs. 19-21 months old), and asked whether and how exercise may rescue age-induced deficits. In the sedentary group, aging caused a more severe decline in cerebral microvascular perfusion and oxygenation in deep (infragranular) cortical layers and subcortical white matter compared with superficial (supragranular) cortical layers. Five months of voluntary aerobic exercise partly renormalized microvascular perfusion and oxygenation in aged mice in a depth-dependent manner, and brought these spatial distributions closer to those of young adult sedentary mice. These microcirculatory effects were accompanied by an improvement in cognitive function. Our work demonstrates the selective vulnerability of the deep cortex and subcortical white matter to aging-induced decline in microcirculation, as well as the responsiveness of these regions to aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Shin
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Corresponding author:
| | - Qi Pian
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Hidehiro Ishikawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Gen Hamanaka
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Emiri T Mandeville
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Guo Shuzhen
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Fu Buyin
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Mohammed Alfadhel
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Srinivasa Rao Allu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ikbal Şencan-Eğilmez
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Biophotonics Research Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Baoqiang Li
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Sergei A Vinogradov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Eng H Lo
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ken Arai
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Anna Devor
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sava Sakadžić
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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Uchida Y, Kan H, Sakurai K, Oishi K, Matsukawa N. Contributions of blood-brain barrier imaging to neurovascular unit pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1111448. [PMID: 36861122 PMCID: PMC9969807 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1111448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays important roles in the maintenance of brain homeostasis. Its main role includes three kinds of functions: (1) to protect the central nervous system from blood-borne toxins and pathogens; (2) to regulate the exchange of substances between the brain parenchyma and capillaries; and (3) to clear metabolic waste and other neurotoxic compounds from the central nervous system into meningeal lymphatics and systemic circulation. Physiologically, the BBB belongs to the glymphatic system and the intramural periarterial drainage pathway, both of which are involved in clearing interstitial solutes such as β-amyloid proteins. Thus, the BBB is believed to contribute to preventing the onset and progression for Alzheimer's disease. Measurements of BBB function are essential toward a better understanding of Alzheimer's pathophysiology to establish novel imaging biomarkers and open new avenues of interventions for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The visualization techniques for capillary, cerebrospinal, and interstitial fluid dynamics around the neurovascular unit in living human brains have been enthusiastically developed. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent BBB imaging developments using advanced magnetic resonance imaging technologies in relation to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. First, we give an overview of the relationship between Alzheimer's pathophysiology and BBB dysfunction. Second, we provide a brief description about the principles of non-contrast agent-based and contrast agent-based BBB imaging methodologies. Third, we summarize previous studies that have reported the findings of each BBB imaging method in individuals with the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Fourth, we introduce a wide range of Alzheimer's pathophysiology in relation to BBB imaging technologies to advance our understanding of the fluid dynamics around the BBB in both clinical and preclinical settings. Finally, we discuss the challenges of BBB imaging techniques and suggest future directions toward clinically useful imaging biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Uchida
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Yuto Uchida, ; Noriyuki Matsukawa,
| | - Hirohito Kan
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keita Sakurai
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Ōbu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Noriyuki Matsukawa
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan,*Correspondence: Yuto Uchida, ; Noriyuki Matsukawa,
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36
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Noh K, Liu X, Wei C. Optimizing transcardial perfusion of small molecules and biologics for brain penetration and biodistribution studies in rodents. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2023; 44:71-83. [PMID: 35508078 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Efficiently removing blood from the brain vasculature is critical to evaluate accurately the brain penetration and biodistribution of drug candidates, especially for biologics as their blood concentrations are substantially higher than the brain concentrations. Transcardial perfusion has been used widely to remove residual blood in the brain; however, the perfusion conditions (such as the perfusion rate and time) reported in the literature are quite varied, and the performance of these methods on blood removal has not been investigated thoroughly. In this study, the effectiveness of the perfusion conditions was assessed by measuring brain hemoglobin levels. Sodium nitrite (NaNO2 ) as an additive in the perfusate was evaluated at different concentrations. Blood removal was significantly improved with 2% NaNO2 over a 20 min perfusion in mouse without disrupting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In mice, the optimized perfusion method significantly lowered the measured brain-to-plasma ratio (Kp,brain ) for monoclonal antibodies due to the removal of blood contamination and small molecules with a moderate-to-high BBB permeability and with a high brain-unbound-fraction (fu,brain ) presumably due to flux out of the brain during perfusion. Perfusion with or without NaNO2 clearly removed the residual blood in rat brain but with no difference observed in Kp,brain between the perfusion groups with or without 2% NaNO2 . In conclusion, a perfusion method was successfully developed to evaluate the brain penetration of small molecules and biologics in rodents for the first time. The transcardial perfusion with 2% NaNO2 effectively removed the residual blood in the brain and significantly improved the assessment of brain penetration of biologics. For small molecules, however, transcardial perfusion may not be performed, as small molecule compounds could be washed away from the brain by the perfusion procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keumhan Noh
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xingrong Liu
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cong Wei
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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37
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Zhan YJ, Zhang SW, Zhu S, Jiang N. Tissue Clearing and Its Application in the Musculoskeletal System. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:1739-1758. [PMID: 36687066 PMCID: PMC9850472 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The musculoskeletal system is an integral part of the human body. Currently, most skeletal muscle research is conducted through conventional histological sections due to technological limitations and the structure of skeletal muscles. For studying and observing bones and muscles, there is an urgent need for three-dimensional, objective imaging technologies. Optical tissue-clearing technologies seem to offer a novel and accessible approach to research of the musculoskeletal system. Using this approach, the components which cause refraction or prevent light from penetrating into the tissue are physically and chemically eliminated; then the liquid in the tissue is replaced with high-refractive-index chemicals. This innovative method, which allows three-dimensional reconstruction at the cellular and subcellular scale, significantly improves imaging depth and resolution. Nonetheless, this technology was not originally developed to image bones or muscles. When compared with brain and nerve organs which have attracted considerable attention in this field, the musculoskeletal system contains fewer lipids and has high levels of hemoglobin, collagen fibers, and inorganic hydroxyapatite crystals. Currently, three-dimensional imaging methods are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of skeletal and muscular illnesses. In this regard, it is vitally important to review and evaluate the optical tissue-clearing technologies currently employed in the musculoskeletal system, so that researchers may make an informed decision. In the meantime, this study offers guidelines and recommendations for expanding the use of this technology in the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jing Zhan
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center
for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shi-Wen Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center
for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - SongSong Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center
for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center
for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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38
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Ventimiglia T, Linninger AA. MESH-FREE HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION OF CEREBROCORTICAL OXYGEN SUPPLY WITH FAST FOURIER PRECONDITIONING. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.09.523320. [PMID: 36711827 PMCID: PMC9881973 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.09.523320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen transfer from blood vessels to cortical brain tissue is representative of a class of problems with mixed-domain character. Large-scale efficient computation of tissue oxygen concentration is dependent on the manner in which the tubular network of blood vessels is coupled to the tissue mesh. Models which explicitly resolve the interface between the tissue and vasculature with a contiguous mesh are prohibitively expensive for very dense cerebral microvasculature. We propose a mixed-domain mesh-free technique whereby a vascular anatomical network (VAN) represented as a thin directed graph serves for convection of blood oxygen, and the surrounding extravascular tissue is represented as a Cartesian grid of 3D voxels throughout which oxygen is transported by diffusion. We split the network and tissue meshes by the Schur complement method of domain decomposition to obtain a reduced set of system equations for the tissue oxygen concentration. The use of a Cartesian grid allows the corresponding matrix equation to be solved approximately with a fast Fourier transform based Poisson solver, which serves as an effective preconditioner for Krylov subspace iteration. The performance of this method enables the steady state simulation of cortical oxygen perfusion for anatomically accurate vascular networks down to single micron resolution without the need for supercomputers. Practitioner Points We present a novel mixed-domain framework for efficiently modeling O 2 extraction kinetics in the brain. Model equations are generated by graph-theoretic methods for mixed domains.Dual mesh domain decomposition with FFT preconditioning yields very fast simulation times for extremely high spatial resolution.
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Eleftheriou A, Ravotto L, Wyss MT, Warnock G, Siebert A, Zaiss M, Weber B. Simultaneous dynamic glucose-enhanced (DGE) MRI and fiber photometry measurements of glucose in the healthy mouse brain. Neuroimage 2023; 265:119762. [PMID: 36427752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the main energy source in the brain and its regulated uptake and utilization are important biomarkers of pathological brain function. Glucose Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GlucoCEST) and its time-resolved version Dynamic Glucose-Enhanced MRI (DGE) are promising approaches to monitor glucose and detect tumors, since they are radioactivity-free, do not require 13C labeling and are is easily translatable to the clinics. The main principle of DGE is clear. However, what remains to be established is to which extent the signal reflects vascular, extracellular or intracellular glucose. To elucidate the compartmental contributions to the DGE signal, we coupled it with FRET-based fiber photometry of genetically encoded sensors, a technique that combines quantitative glucose readout with cellular specificity. The glucose sensor FLIIP was used with fiber photometry to measure astrocytic and neuronal glucose changes upon injection of D-glucose, 3OMG and L-glucose, in the anaesthetized murine brain. By correlating the kinetic profiles of the techniques, we demonstrate the presence of a vascular contribution to the signal, especially at early time points after injection. Furthermore, we show that, in the case of the commonly used contrast agent 3OMG, the DGE signal actually anticorrelates with the glucose concentration in neurons and astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroditi Eleftheriou
- University of Zurich, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Ravotto
- University of Zurich, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias T Wyss
- University of Zurich, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Geoffrey Warnock
- University of Zurich, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anita Siebert
- University of Zurich, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Zaiss
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; High-field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bruno Weber
- University of Zurich, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Lopes MM, Paysan J, Rino J, Lopes SM, Pereira de Almeida L, Cortes L, Nobre RJ. A new protocol for whole-brain biodistribution analysis of AAVs by tissue clearing, light-sheet microscopy and semi-automated spatial quantification. Gene Ther 2022; 29:665-679. [PMID: 36316447 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has become one of the most promising gene delivery systems for both in vitro and in vivo applications. However, a key challenge is the lack of suitable imaging technologies to evaluate delivery, biodistribution and tropism of rAAVs and efficiently monitor disease amelioration promoted by AAV-based therapies at a whole-organ level with single-cell resolution. Therefore, we aimed to establish a new pipeline for the biodistribution analysis of natural and new variants of AAVs at a whole-brain level by tissue clearing and light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). To test this platform, neonatal C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with rAAV9 encoding EGFP and, after sacrifice, brains were processed by standard immunohistochemistry and a recently released aqueous-based clearing procedure. This clearing technique required no dedicated equipment and rendered highly cleared brains, while simultaneously preserving endogenous fluorescence. Moreover, three-dimensional imaging by LSFM allowed the quantitative analysis of EGFP at a whole-brain level, as well as the reconstruction of Purkinje cells for the retrieval of valuable morphological information inaccessible by standard immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, the pipeline herein described takes the AAVs to a new level when coupled to LSFM, proving its worth as a bioimaging tool in tropism and gene therapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel M Lopes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - José Rino
- iMM - Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara M Lopes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Pereira de Almeida
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,ViraVector - Viral Vectors for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Luísa Cortes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,MICC-CNC - Microscopy Imaging Center of Coimbra - CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Rui Jorge Nobre
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,ViraVector - Viral Vectors for Gene Transfer Core Facility, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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41
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Lee D, Le TT, Im GH, Kim SG. Whole-brain perfusion mapping in mice by dynamic BOLD MRI with transient hypoxia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:2270-2286. [PMID: 35903000 PMCID: PMC9670005 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221117008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive mapping of cerebral perfusion is critical for understanding neurovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, perfusion MRI methods cannot be easily implemented for whole-brain studies in mice because of their small size. To overcome this issue, a transient hypoxia stimulus was applied to induce a bolus of deoxyhemoglobins as an endogenous paramagnetic contrast in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MRI. Based on stimulus-duration-dependent studies, 5 s anoxic stimulus was chosen, which induced a decrease in arterial oxygenation to 59%. Dynamic susceptibility changes were acquired with whole-brain BOLD MRI using both all-vessel-sensitive gradient-echo and microvascular-sensitive spin-echo readouts. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) were quantified by modeling BOLD dynamics using a partial-volume-corrected arterial input function. In the mouse under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, total CBF and CBV were 112.0 ± 15.0 ml/100 g/min and 3.39 ± 0.59 ml/100 g (n = 15 mice), respectively, whereas microvascular CBF and CBV were 85.8 ± 6.9 ml/100 g/min and 2.23 ± 0.27 ml/100 g (n = 7 mice), respectively. Regional total vs. microvascular perfusion metrics were highly correlated but a slight mismatch was observed in the large-vessel areas and cortical depth profiles. Overall, this non-invasive, repeatable, simple hypoxia BOLD-MRI approach is viable for perfusion mapping of rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongKyu Lee
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Thuy Thi Le
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Ho Im
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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42
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LaMontagne E, Muotri AR, Engler AJ. Recent advancements and future requirements in vascularization of cortical organoids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1048731. [PMID: 36406234 PMCID: PMC9669755 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1048731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The fields of tissue engineering and disease modeling have become increasingly cognizant of the need to create complex and mature structures in vitro to adequately mimic the in vivo niche. Specifically for neural applications, human brain cortical organoids (COs) require highly stratified neurons and glial cells to generate synaptic functions, and to date, most efforts achieve only fetal functionality at best. Moreover, COs are usually avascular, inducing the development of necrotic cores, which can limit growth, development, and maturation. Recent efforts have attempted to vascularize cortical and other organoid types. In this review, we will outline the components of a fully vascularized CO as they relate to neocortical development in vivo. These components address challenges in recapitulating neurovascular tissue patterning, biomechanical properties, and functionality with the goal of mirroring the quality of organoid vascularization only achieved with an in vivo host. We will provide a comprehensive summary of the current progress made in each one of these categories, highlighting advances in vascularization technologies and areas still under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin LaMontagne
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alysson R. Muotri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Adam J. Engler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
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43
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Mächler P, Fomin-Thunemann N, Thunemann M, Sætra MJ, Desjardins M, Kılıç K, Amra LN, Martin EA, Chen IA, Şencan-Eğilmez I, Li B, Saisan P, Jiang JX, Cheng Q, Weldy KL, Boas DA, Buxton RB, Einevoll GT, Dale AM, Sakadžić S, Devor A. Baseline oxygen consumption decreases with cortical depth. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001440. [PMID: 36301995 PMCID: PMC9642908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex is organized in cortical layers that differ in their cellular density, composition, and wiring. Cortical laminar architecture is also readily revealed by staining for cytochrome oxidase-the last enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It has been hypothesized that a high-density band of cytochrome oxidase in cortical layer IV reflects higher oxygen consumption under baseline (unstimulated) conditions. Here, we tested the above hypothesis using direct measurements of the partial pressure of O2 (pO2) in cortical tissue by means of 2-photon phosphorescence lifetime microscopy (2PLM). We revisited our previously developed method for extraction of the cerebral metabolic rate of O2 (CMRO2) based on 2-photon pO2 measurements around diving arterioles and applied this method to estimate baseline CMRO2 in awake mice across cortical layers. To our surprise, our results revealed a decrease in baseline CMRO2 from layer I to layer IV. This decrease of CMRO2 with cortical depth was paralleled by an increase in tissue oxygenation. Higher baseline oxygenation and cytochrome density in layer IV may serve as an O2 reserve during surges of neuronal activity or certain metabolically active brain states rather than reflecting baseline energy needs. Our study provides to our knowledge the first quantification of microscopically resolved CMRO2 across cortical layers as a step towards better understanding of brain energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mächler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Natalie Fomin-Thunemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Martin Thunemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marte Julie Sætra
- Department of Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing, Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michèle Desjardins
- Département de Physique, de Génie Physique et d’Optique and Axe Oncologie, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec–Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Kıvılcım Kılıç
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Layth N. Amra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Emily A. Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ichun Anderson Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ikbal Şencan-Eğilmez
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Baoqiang Li
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Payam Saisan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - John X. Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Qun Cheng
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Kimberly L. Weldy
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - David A. Boas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard B. Buxton
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Gaute T. Einevoll
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sava Sakadžić
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SS); (AD)
| | - Anna Devor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SS); (AD)
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44
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Barandov A, Ghosh S, Jasanoff A. Probing nitric oxide signaling using molecular MRI. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 191:241-248. [PMID: 36084790 PMCID: PMC10204116 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Wide field measurements of nitric oxide (NO) signaling could help understand and diagnose the many physiological processes in which NO plays a key role. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can support particularly powerful approaches for this purpose if equipped with molecular probes sensitized to NO and NO-associated targets. In this review, we discuss the development of MRI-detectable probes that could enable studies of nitrergic signaling in animals and potentially human subjects. Major families of probes include contrast agents designed to capture and report integrated NO levels directly, as well as molecules that respond to or emulate the activity of nitric oxide synthase enzymes. For each group, we outline the relevant molecular mechanisms and discuss results that have been obtained in vitro and in animals. The most promising in vivo data described to date have been acquired using NO capture-based relaxation agents and using engineered nitric oxide synthases that provide hemodynamic readouts of NO signaling pathway activation. These advances establish a beachhead for ongoing efforts to improve the sensitivity, specificity, and clinical applicability of NO-related molecular MRI technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Barandov
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Souparno Ghosh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Alan Jasanoff
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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45
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Mirg S, Turner KL, Chen H, Drew PJ, Kothapalli SR. Photoacoustic imaging for microcirculation. Microcirculation 2022; 29:e12776. [PMID: 35793421 PMCID: PMC9870710 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Microcirculation facilitates the blood-tissue exchange of nutrients and regulates blood perfusion. It is, therefore, essential in maintaining tissue health. Aberrations in microcirculation are potentially indicative of underlying cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies. Thus, quantitative information about it is of great clinical relevance. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a capable technique that relies on the generation of imaging contrast via the absorption of light and can image at micron-scale resolution. PAI is especially desirable to map microvasculature as hemoglobin strongly absorbs light and can generate a photoacoustic signal. This paper reviews the current state of the art for imaging microvascular networks using photoacoustic imaging. We further describe how quantitative information about blood dynamics such as the total hemoglobin concentration, oxygen saturation, and blood flow rate is obtained using PAI. We also discuss its importance in understanding key pathophysiological processes in neurovascular, cardiovascular, ophthalmic, and cancer research fields. We then discuss the current challenges and limitations of PAI and the approaches that can help overcome these limitations. Finally, we provide the reader with an overview of future trends in the field of PAI for imaging microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Mirg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kevin L. Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Haoyang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Patrick J. Drew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA,Graduate Program in Acoustics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA,Corresponding author: Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli, 325 CBE Building, State College, PA, 16802, USA,
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46
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Zhu J, Deng Y, Yu T, Liu X, Li D, Zhu D. Optimal combinations of fluorescent vessel labeling and tissue clearing methods for three-dimensional visualization of vasculature. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:045008. [PMID: 36466188 PMCID: PMC9709454 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.4.045008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Visualization of intact vasculatures is crucial to understanding the pathogeneses of different neurological and vascular diseases. Although various fluorescent vessel labeling methods have been used in combination with tissue clearing for three-dimensional (3D) visualization of different vascular networks, little has been done to quantify the labeling effect of each vessel labeling routine, as well as their applicability alongside various clearing protocols, making it difficult to select an optimal combination for finely constructing different vasculatures. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically assess the overall performance of these common vessel labeling methods combined with different tissue-clearing protocols. AIM A comprehensive evaluation of the labeling quality of various vessel labeling routines in different organs, as well as their applicability alongside various clearing protocols, were performed to find the optimal combinations for 3D reconstruction of vascular networks with high quality. APPROACH Four commonly-used vessel labeling techniques and six typical tissue optical clearing approaches were selected as candidates for the systematic evaluation. RESULTS The vessel labeling efficiency, vessel labeling patterns, and compatibility of each vessel labeling method with different tissue-clearing protocols were quantitatively evaluated and compared. Based on the comprehensive evaluation results, the optimal combinations were selected for 3D reconstructions of vascular networks in several organs, including mouse brain, liver, and kidney. CONCLUSIONS This study provides valuable insight on selecting the proper pipelines for 3D visualization of vascular networks, which may facilitate understanding of the underlying mechanisms of various neurovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtan Zhu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics–MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yating Deng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics–MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics–MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics–MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics–MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics–MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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47
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Zhang D, Li R, Lou X, Luo J. Hessian filter-assisted full diameter at half maximum (FDHM) segmentation and quantification method for optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:4606-4620. [PMID: 36187248 PMCID: PMC9484426 DOI: 10.1364/boe.468685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy has been validated as an ideal tool for angiographic studies. Quantitative vascular analysis reveals critical information where vessel segmentation plays the key step. The comm-only used Hessian filter method suffers from varying accuracy due to the multi-kernel strategy. In this work, we developed a Hessian filter-assisted, adaptive thresholding vessel segmentation algorithm. Its performance is validated by a digital phantom and in vivo images which demonstrates a superior and consistent accuracy of 0.987 regardless of kernel selection. Subtle vessel change detection is further tested in two longitudinal studies on blood pressure agents. In the antihypotensive case, the proposed method detected a twice larger vasoconstriction over the Hessian filter method. In the antihypertensive case, the proposed method detected a vasodilation of 21.2%, while the Hessian filter method failed in change detection. The proposed algorithm may further push the limit of quantitative imaging on angiographic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Radiology,
Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
100853, China
| | - Ran Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences,
North China University of Science and
Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Xin Lou
- Department of Radiology,
Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing
100853, China
| | - Jianwen Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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48
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Ventura-Antunes AL, Herculano-Houzel S. Energy supply per neuron is constrained by capillary density in the mouse brain. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:760887. [PMID: 36105258 PMCID: PMC9465999 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.760887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal densities vary enormously across sites within a brain. Does the density of the capillary bed vary accompanying the presumably larger energy requirement of sites with more neurons, or with larger neurons, or is energy supply constrained by a mostly homogeneous capillary bed? Here we find evidence for the latter, with a capillary bed that represents typically between 0.7 and 1.5% of the volume of the parenchyma across various sites in the mouse brain, whereas neuronal densities vary by at least 100-fold. As a result, the ratio of capillary cells per neuron decreases uniformly with increasing neuronal density and therefore with smaller average neuronal size across sites. Thus, given the relatively constant capillary density compared to neuronal density in the brain, blood and energy availability per neuron is presumably dependent on how many neurons compete for the limited supply provided by a mostly homogeneous capillary bed. Additionally, we find that local capillary density is not correlated with local synapse densities, although there is a small but significant correlation between lower neuronal density (and therefore larger neuronal size) and more synapses per neuron within the restricted range of 6,500–9,500 across cortical sites. Further, local variations in the glial/neuron ratio are not correlated with local variations in the number of synapses per neuron or local synaptic densities. These findings suggest that it is not that larger neurons, neurons with more synapses, or even sites with more synapses demand more energy, but simply that larger neurons (in low density sites) have more energy available per cell and for the totality of its synapses than smaller neurons (in high density sites) due to competition for limited resources supplied by a capillary bed of fairly homogeneous density throughout the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- aLissa Ventura-Antunes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Suzana Herculano-Houzel
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Suzana Herculano-Houzel,
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Tedeschi A, Larson MJE, Zouridakis A, Mo L, Bordbar A, Myers JM, Qin HY, Rodocker HI, Fan F, Lannutti JJ, McElroy CA, Nimjee SM, Peng J, Arnold WD, Moon LDF, Sun W. Harnessing cortical plasticity via gabapentinoid administration promotes recovery after stroke. Brain 2022; 145:2378-2393. [PMID: 35905466 PMCID: PMC9890504 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke causes devastating sensory-motor deficits and long-term disability due to disruption of descending motor pathways. Restoration of these functions enables independent living and therefore represents a high priority for those afflicted by stroke. Here, we report that daily administration of gabapentin, a clinically approved drug already used to treat various neurological disorders, promotes structural and functional plasticity of the corticospinal pathway after photothrombotic cortical stroke in adult mice. We found that gabapentin administration had no effects on vascular occlusion, haemodynamic changes nor survival of corticospinal neurons within the ipsilateral sensory-motor cortex in the acute stages of stroke. Instead, using a combination of tract tracing, electrical stimulation and functional connectivity mapping, we demonstrated that corticospinal axons originating from the contralateral side of the brain in mice administered gabapentin extend numerous collaterals, form new synaptic contacts and better integrate within spinal circuits that control forelimb muscles. Not only does gabapentin daily administration promote neuroplasticity, but it also dampens maladaptive plasticity by reducing the excitability of spinal motor circuitry. In turn, mice administered gabapentin starting 1 h or 1 day after stroke recovered skilled upper extremity function. Functional recovery persists even after stopping the treatment at 6 weeks following a stroke. Finally, chemogenetic silencing of cortical projections originating from the contralateral side of the brain transiently abrogated recovery in mice administered gabapentin, further supporting the conclusion that gabapentin-dependent reorganization of spared cortical pathways drives functional recovery after stroke. These observations highlight the strong potential for repurposing gabapentinoids as a promising treatment strategy for stroke repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tedeschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Discovery Theme on Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Molly J E Larson
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Antonia Zouridakis
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lujia Mo
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Arman Bordbar
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Julia M Myers
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hannah Y Qin
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Haven I Rodocker
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - John J Lannutti
- Discovery Theme on Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Craig A McElroy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shahid M Nimjee
- Discovery Theme on Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Juan Peng
- Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - W David Arnold
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lawrence D F Moon
- Neurorestoration Group, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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50
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Kumar BS, Menon SC, Gayathri SR, Chakravarthy VS. The Influence of Neural Activity and Neural Cytoarchitecture on Cerebrovascular Arborization: A Computational Model. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:917196. [PMID: 35860300 PMCID: PMC9290769 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.917196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal functioning of the brain relies on a continual and efficient delivery of energy by a vast network of cerebral blood vessels. The bidirectional coupling between neurons and blood vessels consists of vasodilatory energy demand signals from neurons to blood vessels, and the retrograde flow of energy substrates from the vessels to neurons, which fuel neural firing, growth and other housekeeping activities in the neurons. Recent works indicate that, in addition to the functional coupling observed in the adult brain, the interdependence between the neural and vascular networks begins at the embryonic stage, and continues into subsequent developmental stages. The proposed Vascular Arborization Model (VAM) captures the effect of neural cytoarchitecture and neural activity on vascular arborization. The VAM describes three important stages of vascular tree growth: (i) The prenatal growth phase, where the vascular arborization depends on the cytoarchitecture of neurons and non-neural cells, (ii) the post-natal growth phase during which the further arborization of the vasculature depends on neural activity in addition to neural cytoarchitecture, and (iii) the settling phase, where the fully grown vascular tree repositions its vascular branch points or nodes to ensure minimum path length and wire length. The vasculature growth depicted by VAM captures structural characteristics like vascular volume density, radii, mean distance to proximal neurons in the cortex. VAM-grown vasculature agrees with the experimental observation that the neural densities do not covary with the vascular density along the depth of the cortex but predicts a high correlation between neural areal density and microvascular density when compared over a global scale (across animals and regions). To explore the influence of neural activity on vascular arborization, the VAM was used to grow the vasculature in neonatal rat whisker barrel cortex under two conditions: (i) Control, where the whiskers were intact and (ii) Lesioned, where one row of whiskers was cauterized. The model captures a significant reduction in vascular branch density in lesioned animals compared to control animals, concurring with experimental observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhadra S. Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Sarath C. Menon
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- Center for Complex Systems and Dynamics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
- *Correspondence: V. Srinivasa Chakravarthy,
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