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Sophronea T, Agrawal S, Kumari N, Mishra J, Walecha V, Luthra PM. A 2AR antagonists triggered the AMPK/m-TOR autophagic pathway to reverse the calcium-dependent cell damage in 6-OHDA induced model of PD. Neurochem Int 2024:105793. [PMID: 38880232 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Calcium dyshomeostasis, oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis are the pathogenesis of selective dopamine neuron loss in Parkinson's disease. Earlier, we reported that A2A R modulates IP3-dependent intracellular Ca2+ signalling via PKA. Moreover, A2A R antagonist has been reported to reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis in PD models, however intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) dependent autophagy regulation in the 6-OHDA model of PD has not been explored. In the present study, we investigated the A2A R antagonists mediated neuroprotective effects in 6-OHDA-induced primary midbrain neuronal (PMN) cells and unilateral lesioned rat model of PD. 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress (ROS and superoxide) and [Ca2+]i was measured using Fluo4AM, DCFDA and DHE dye respectively. Furthermore, autophagy was assessed by western blot of p-m-TOR/mTOR, p-AMPK/AMPK, LC3I/II, Beclin and β-actin. Apoptosis was measured by Annexin V-APC-PI detection and western blot of Bcl2, Bax, caspase3 and β-actin. Dopamine levels were measured by Dopamine ELISA kit and western blot of tyrosine hydroxylase. Our results suggest that 6-OHDA-induced PMN cell death occurred due to the interruption of [Ca2+]i homeostasis, accompanied by activation of autophagy and apoptosis. A2A R antagonists prevented 6-OHDA-induced neuronal cell death by decreasing [Ca2+]i overload and oxidative stress. In addition, we found that A2A R antagonists upregulated mTOR phosphorylation and downregulated AMPK phosphorylation thereby reducing autophagy and apoptosis both in 6-OHDA induced PMN cells and 6-OHDA unilateral lesioned rat model. In conclusion, A2A R antagonists alleviated 6-OHDA toxicity by modulating [Ca2+]i signalling to inhibit autophagy mediated by the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuithung Sophronea
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Saurabh Agrawal
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Namrata Kumari
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Jyoti Mishra
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Vaishali Walecha
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Pratibha Mehta Luthra
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
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Zamarioli LDS, Santos MRM, Erustes AG, Meccatti VM, Pereira TC, Smaili SS, Marcucci MC, Oliveira CR, Pereira GJS, Bincoletto C. Artemisia vulgaris Induces Tumor-Selective Ferroptosis and Necroptosis via Lysosomal Ca 2+ Signaling. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:525-533. [PMID: 38040876 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3712-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the chemical composition and effects of Artemisia vulgaris (AV) hydroalcoholic extract (HEAV) on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and SKBR-3), chronic myeloid leukemia (K562) and NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. METHODS Phytochemical analysis of HEAV was done by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass (HPLC) spectrometry. Viability and cell death studies were performed using trypan blue and Annexin/FITC-7AAD, respectively. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) were used to assess the mode of HEAV-induced cell death and acetoxymethylester (BAPTA-AM) was used to verify the involvement of cytosolic calcium in this event. Cytosolic calcium measurements were made using Fura-2-AM. RESULTS HEAV decreased the viability of MCF-7, SKBR-3 and K562 cells (P<0.05). The viability of HEAV-treated K562 cells was reduced compared to HEAV-exposed fibroblasts (P<0.05). Treatment of K562 cells with HEAV induced cell death primarily by late apoptosis and necrosis in assays using annexin V-FITC/7-AAD (P<0.05). The use of Nec-1 and Fer-1 increased the viability of K562 cells treated with HEAV relative to cells exposed to HEAV alone (P<0.01). HEAV-induced Ca2+ release mainly from lysosomes in K562 cells (P<0.01). Furthermore, BAPTA-AM, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator, decreased the number of non-viable cells treated with HEAV (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS HEAV is cytotoxic and activates several modalities of cell death, which are partially dependent on lysosomal release of Ca2+. These effects may be related to artemisinin and caffeoylquinic acids, the main compounds identified in HEAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Dos Santos Zamarioli
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Michele Rosana Maia Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Adolfo Garcia Erustes
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Marques Meccatti
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São Paulo, SP, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Thaís Cristine Pereira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São Paulo, SP, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Soraya S Smaili
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Marcucci
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São Paulo, SP, 12231-280, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Oliveira
- Research Group on Phytocomplexes and Cell Signaling, School of Health Sciences, Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paulo, SP, 03164-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo J S Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bincoletto
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil.
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Sasaki H, Nakagawa I, Furuta T, Yokoyama S, Morisaki Y, Saito Y, Nakase H. Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter (MCU) is Involved in an Ischemic Postconditioning Effect Against Ischemic Reperfusion Brain Injury in Mice. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:32. [PMID: 38568450 PMCID: PMC10991049 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of ischemic postconditioning (PostC) is known to be neuroprotective against ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. One of the key processes in PostC is the opening of the mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium (mito-KATP) channel and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, triggering the release of calcium ions from mitochondria through low-conductance opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is known as a highly sensitive transporter for the uptake of Ca2+ present on the inner mitochondrial membrane. The MCU has attracted attention as a new target for treatment in diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and ischemic stroke. We considered that the MCU may be involved in PostC and trigger its mechanisms. This research used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells from C57BL mice and measured changes in spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic currents (sEPSCs), intracellular Ca2+ concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) currents under inhibition of MCU by ruthenium red 265 (Ru265) in PostC. Inhibition of MCU increased the occurrence of sEPSCs (p = 0.014), NMDAR currents (p < 0.001), intracellular Ca2+ concentration (p < 0.001), and dead cells (p < 0.001) significantly after reperfusion, reflecting removal of the neuroprotective effects in PostC. Moreover, mitochondrial depolarization in PostC with Ru265 was weakened, compared to PostC (p = 0.004). These results suggest that MCU affects mitochondrial depolarization in PostC to suppress NMDAR over-activation and prevent elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations against I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Sasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Shijo-Cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Shijo-Cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Takanori Furuta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Shijo-Cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Shohei Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Shijo-Cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yudai Morisaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Shijo-Cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-Cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Shijo-Cho 840, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
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Shtuhin-Rahav R, Olender A, Zlotkin-Rivkin E, Bouman EA, Danieli T, Nir-Keren Y, Weiss AM, Nandi I, Aroeti B. Enteropathogenic E. coli infection co-elicits lysosomal exocytosis and lytic host cell death. mBio 2023; 14:e0197923. [PMID: 38038448 PMCID: PMC10746156 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01979-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infection is a significant cause of gastroenteritis, mainly in children. Therefore, studying the mechanisms of EPEC infection is an important research theme. EPEC modulates its host cell life by injecting via a type III secretion machinery cell death modulating effector proteins. For instance, while EspF and Map promote mitochondrial cell death, EspZ antagonizes cell death. We show that these effectors also control lysosomal exocytosis, i.e., the trafficking of lysosomes to the host cell plasma membrane. Interestingly, the capacity of these effectors to induce or protect against cell death correlates completely with their ability to induce LE, suggesting that the two processes are interconnected. Modulating host cell death is critical for establishing bacterial attachment to the host and subsequent dissemination. Therefore, exploring the modes of LE involvement in host cell death is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying EPEC infection and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Shtuhin-Rahav
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aaron Olender
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Alexander Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Efrat Zlotkin-Rivkin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Etan Amse Bouman
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tsafi Danieli
- The Protein Production Facility, Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Nir-Keren
- The Protein Production Facility, Wolfson Centre for Applied Structural Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aryeh M. Weiss
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ipsita Nandi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin Aroeti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Edmond J. Safra Campus–Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
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Harada K, Carr SM, Shrestha A, La Thangue NB. Citrullination and the protein code: crosstalk between post-translational modifications in cancer. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220243. [PMID: 37778382 PMCID: PMC10542456 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins are central to epigenetic regulation and cellular signalling, playing an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases. Growing evidence indicates that protein arginine citrullination, catalysed by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), is involved in many aspects of molecular and cell biology and is emerging as a potential druggable target in multiple diseases including cancer. However, we are only just beginning to understand the molecular activities of PADs, and their underlying mechanistic details in vivo under both physiological and pathological conditions. Many questions still remain regarding the dynamic cellular functions of citrullination and its interplay with other types of PTMs. This review, therefore, discusses the known functions of PADs with a focus on cancer biology, highlighting the cross-talk between citrullination and other types of PTMs, and how this interplay regulates downstream biological events. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'The virtues and vices of protein citrullination'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koyo Harada
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Simon M. Carr
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Amit Shrestha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Nicholas B. La Thangue
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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6
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Lian N, Tong J, Zhu W, Meng Q, Jiang M, Bian M, Li Y. Ligustrazine and liguzinediol protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocytes injury by inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:867-877. [PMID: 37574718 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Preventing or treating heart failure (HF) by blocking cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an effective strategy that improves survival and reduces ventricular remodelling and dysfunction in the chronic stage. Autophagy is a mechanism that degrades intracellular components and compensates for energy deficiency, which is commonly observed in cardiomyocytes of failed hearts. Cardiomyocytes activated by doxorubicin (DOX) exhibit strong autophagy. This study aims to investigate the potential protective effect of ligustrazine and its derivative liguzinediol on regulating DOX-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and explore the use of the embryonic rat heart-derived myoblast cell line H9C2 for identifying novel treatments for HF. The results indicated that it has been demonstrated to reverse myocardial infarction remodelling in failed hearts by promoting autophagy in salvaged cardiomyocytes and anti-apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in granulation tissue. Our study suggests that ligustrazine and liguzinediol can be a promising agents and autophagy is potential pathway in the management of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naqi Lian
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Tong
- Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijie Zhu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinghai Meng
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mianli Bian
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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7
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Yu S, Liao J, Lin X, Luo Y, Lu G. Crucial role of autophagy in propofol-treated neurological diseases: a comprehensive review. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1274727. [PMID: 37946715 PMCID: PMC10631783 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1274727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are the leading cause of disability and death globally. Currently, there is a significant concern about the therapeutic strategies that can offer reliable and cost-effective treatment for neurological diseases. Propofol is a widely used general intravenous anesthetic in the clinic. Emerging studies demonstrate that propofol exerts neuroprotective effects on neurological diseases and disorders, while its underlying pathogenic mechanism is not well understood. Autophagy, an important process of cell turnover in eukaryotes, has been suggested to involve in the neuroprotective properties developed by propofol. In this narrative review, we summarized the current evidence on the roles of autophagy in propofol-associated neurological diseases. This study highlighted the effect of propofol on the nervous system and the crucial roles of autophagy. According to the 21 included studies, we found that propofol was a double-edged sword for neurological disorders. Several eligible studies reported that propofol caused neuronal cell damage by regulating autophagy, leading to cognitive dysfunction and other neurological diseases, especially high concentration and dose of propofol. However, some of them have shown that in the model of existing nervous system diseases (e.g., cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, electroconvulsive therapy injury, cobalt chloride-induced injury, TNF-α-induced injury, and sleep deprivation-induced injury), propofol might play a neuroprotective role by regulating autophagy, thus improving the degree of nerve damage. Autophagy plays a pivotal role in the neurological system by regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, calcium release, and other mechanisms, which may be associated with the interaction of a variety of related proteins and signal cascades. With extensive in-depth research in the future, the autophagic mechanism mediated by propofol will be fully understood, which may facilitate the feasibility of propofol in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xuezheng Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Guangtao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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8
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Overmeyer C, Jorgensen K, Vohra BPS. The Translocase of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane (TOM40) is required for mitochondrial dynamics and neuronal integrity in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 125:103853. [PMID: 37100265 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms and altered expression of the Translocase of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane - 40 kD (Tom40) are observed in neurodegenerative disease subjects. We utilized in vitro cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to investigate the association of TOM40 depletion to neurodegeneration, and to unravel the mechanism of neurodegeneration induced by decreased levels of TOM40 protein. We provide evidence that severity of neurodegeneration induced in the TOM40 depleted neurons increases with the increase in the depletion of TOM40 and is exacerbated by an increase in the duration of TOM40 depletion. We also demonstrate that TOM40 depletion causes a surge in neuronal calcium levels, decreases mitochondrial motility, increases mitochondrial fission, and decreases neuronal ATP levels. We observed that alterations in the neuronal calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics precede BCL-xl and NMNAT1 dependent neurodegenerative pathways in the TOM40 depleted neurons. This data also suggests that manipulation of BCL-xl and NMNAT1 may be of therapeutic value in TOM40 associated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kylie Jorgensen
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College Liberty, MO 64068
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Wang Y, Dai G, Lin Z, Cheng C, Zhou X, Song M, Chen P, Ma S, Hu Y, Liu G, Yu B. TWIST1 rescue calcium overload and apoptosis induced by inflammatory microenvironment in S. aureus-induced osteomyelitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110153. [PMID: 37071966 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is no effective therapy for Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis. It is widely recognized that the inflammatory microenvironment around abscess plays an essential role in protracting the course of S. aureus-induced osteomyelitis. In this study, we found TWIST1 was highly expressed in macrophages around abscesses but less related to local S. aureus in the later stages of Staphylococcus aureus-infected osteomyelitis. Mouse bone marrow macrophages show apoptosis and elevated TWIST1 expression when treated with the inflammatory medium. Knockdown of TWIST1 induced macrophage apoptosis, impaired the bacteria phagocytosis/killing abilities, and promoted cell apoptosis markers expression in inflammatory microenvironment stimulation. Furthermore, inflammatory microenvironments were responsible for inducing calcium overload in macrophage mitochondrial while calcium overload inhibition significantly rescued macrophage apoptosis, bacteria phagocytosis/killing abilities and improved the mice's antimicrobial ability. Our findings indicated that TWIST1 is a crucial molecule that protects macrophages from calcium overload induced by inflammatory microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guandong Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexin Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caiyu Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyou Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingrui Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Orthopedics, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan, Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Sushuang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanqiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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10
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Ma L, Li B, Ma J, Wu C, Li N, Zhou K, Yan Y, Li M, Hu X, Yan H, Wang Q, Zheng Y, Wu Z. Novel discovery of Schisandrin A regulating the interplay of autophagy and apoptosis in oligoasthenospermia by targeting SCF/c-kit and TRPV1 via biosensors. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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11
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Chen YM, Liu PY, Tang KT, Liu HJ, Liao TL. TWEAK-Fn14 Axis Induces Calcium-Associated Autophagy and Cell Death To Control Mycobacterial Survival in Macrophages. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0317222. [PMID: 36321903 PMCID: PMC9769850 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03172-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a natural defense mechanism that protects the host against pathogens. We previously demonstrated that mycobacterial infection upregulated tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) to promote autophagy and mycobacterial autophagosome maturation through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) is the receptor of TWEAK. But the role of Fn14 in mycobacterial infection remains elusive. Herein, we observed increased expression of Fn14 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of active tuberculosis (TB) patients. Downregulation of cellular Fn14 enhanced mycobacterial survival in macrophages. Conversely, Fn14 overexpression inhibited mycobacterial growth, suggesting that Fn14 can inhibit mycobacterial infection. The in vitro results revealed that TWEAK-promoted mycobacterial phagosome maturation is Fn14-dependent. We demonstrated that TWEAK-Fn14 signaling promotes oxidative stress to enhance the expression of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and its activation of the Ca2+ channel ORAI1. Elevated calcium influx stimulated the activation of CaMCCK2 (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2) and its downstream effector AMPK, thus inducing autophagy in early infection. Persistently TWEAK-Fn14 signaling caused cell death in late infection by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to mitochondrial ROS accumulation, and activating cell death-associated proteins. Genetic Fn14 deficiency or TWEAK blockers decreased oxidative stress-induced calcium influx, thus suppressing autophagy and cell death in mycobacteria-infected macrophages, and resulting in elevated mycobacterial survival. We propose that the TWEAK-Fn14 axis and calcium influx could be manipulated for anti-TB therapeutic purposes. Our results offer a new molecular machinery to understand the association between the TWEAK-Fn14 axis, calcium influx, and mycobacterial infection. IMPORTANCE Tuberculosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We previously demonstrated a relationship between TWEAK and activation of the autophagic machinery, which promotes anti-mycobacterial immunity. The TWEAK-Fn14 axis is multi-functional and involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, thus blockade of TWEAK-Fn14 axis has been considered as a potential therapeutic target. Here, we demonstrated that the TWEAK-Fn14 axis plays a novel role in anti-mycobacterial infection by regulating calcium-associated autophagy. Persistently, TWEAK-Fn14 signaling caused cell death in late infection by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to mitochondrial ROS accumulation, and activating cell death-associated proteins. TWEAK blocker or Fn14 deficiency could suppress oxidative stress and calcium-associated autophagy, resulting in elevated mycobacterial survival. We propose that the TWEAK-Fn14 axis and calcium influx could be manipulated for anti-TB therapeutic purposes. This study offers a new molecular machinery to understand the association between the TWEAK-Fn14 axis, calcium influx, and mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Infection, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuo-Tung Tang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-Jen Liu
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsai-Ling Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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12
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Yoo J. Structural basis of Ca 2+ uptake by mitochondrial calcium uniporter in mitochondria: a brief review. BMB Rep 2022; 55:528-534. [PMID: 36195565 PMCID: PMC9712701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that perform various functions within cells. They are responsible for ATP production, cell-signal regulation, autophagy, and cell apoptosis. Because the mitochondrial proteins that perform these functions need Ca2+ ions for their activity, mitochondria have ion channels to selectively uptake Ca2+ ions from the cytoplasm. The ion channel known to play the most important role in the Ca2+ uptake in mitochondria is the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) holo-complex located in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). This ion channel complex exists in the form of a complex consisting of the pore-forming protein through which the Ca2+ ions are transported into the mitochondrial matrix, and the auxiliary protein involved in regulating the activity of the Ca2+ uptake by the MCU holo-complex. Studies of this MCU holocomplex have long been conducted, but we didn't know in detail how mitochondria uptake Ca2+ ions through this ion channel complex or how the activity of this ion channel complex is regulated. Recently, the protein structure of the MCU holo-complex was identified, enabling the mechanism of Ca2+ uptake and its regulation by the MCU holo-complex to be confirmed. In this review, I will introduce the mechanism of action of the MCU holo-complex at the molecular level based on the Cryo-EM structure of the MCU holo-complex to help understand how mitochondria uptake the necessary Ca2+ ions through the MCU holo-complex and how these Ca2+ uptake mechanisms are regulated. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 528-534].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-2-820-5673; E-mail:
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13
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Yoo J. Structural basis of Ca 2+ uptake by mitochondrial calcium uniporter in mitochondria: a brief review. BMB Rep 2022; 55:528-534. [PMID: 36195565 PMCID: PMC9712701 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.11.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that perform various functions within cells. They are responsible for ATP production, cell-signal regulation, autophagy, and cell apoptosis. Because the mitochondrial proteins that perform these functions need Ca2+ ions for their activity, mitochondria have ion channels to selectively uptake Ca2+ ions from the cytoplasm. The ion channel known to play the most important role in the Ca2+ uptake in mitochondria is the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) holo-complex located in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). This ion channel complex exists in the form of a complex consisting of the pore-forming protein through which the Ca2+ ions are transported into the mitochondrial matrix, and the auxiliary protein involved in regulating the activity of the Ca2+ uptake by the MCU holo-complex. Studies of this MCU holocomplex have long been conducted, but we didn't know in detail how mitochondria uptake Ca2+ ions through this ion channel complex or how the activity of this ion channel complex is regulated. Recently, the protein structure of the MCU holo-complex was identified, enabling the mechanism of Ca2+ uptake and its regulation by the MCU holo-complex to be confirmed. In this review, I will introduce the mechanism of action of the MCU holo-complex at the molecular level based on the Cryo-EM structure of the MCU holo-complex to help understand how mitochondria uptake the necessary Ca2+ ions through the MCU holo-complex and how these Ca2+ uptake mechanisms are regulated. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(11): 528-534].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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14
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Guo Y, Jin S, Song D, Yang T, Hu J, Hu X, Han Q, Zhao J, Guo Z, Wang X. Amlexanox-modified platinum(IV) complex triggers apoptotic and autophagic bimodal death of cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 242:114691. [PMID: 36029563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Platinum(IV) prodrugs c,c,t-[PtCl2(NH3)2(OH)(amlexanox)] (MAP) and c,c,t-[PtCl2(NH3)2(amlexanox)2] (DAP) were synthesized by reacting amlexanox with oxoplatin and characterized by NMR, HR-MS, HPLC, and elemental analysis. The complexes could be reduced to platinum(II) species and amlexanox to exert antitumor activity. Generally, MAP was more potent than DAP and cisplatin towards various human cancer cell lines; particularly, it was active in cisplatin-resistant Caov-3 ovarian cancer and A549/DDP lung cancer cells. MAP induced serious damage to DNA, remarkable change in mitochondrial morphology, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax in Caov-3 cells, thereby leading to evident apoptosis. Meanwhile, MAP markedly promoted the autophagic flux, including affecting the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and autophagy adaptor protein p62 in Caov-3 cells, with an increase in the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and a decrease in p62, thus trigging the occurrence of autophagy. The MAP-induced bimodal cell death mode is uncommon for platinum complexes, which presents a new possibility to invent anticancer drugs with unique mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Henan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Suxing Jin
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
| | - Dongfan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jiyong Hu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Henan, PR China
| | - Qingqing Han
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Henan, PR China
| | - Jin'an Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Dyeing Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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15
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Kushwaha A, Verma RS, Agarwal V. Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing molecule N-(3-oxododecanoyl) homoserine lactone induces calcium signaling-dependent crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis in human macrophages. Cell Signal 2022; 99:110441. [PMID: 35995303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
N-(3-oxododecanoyl) homoserine lactone (3oc) is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa secreted quorum-sensing signal molecule playing a crucial role in regulating quorum-sensing (QS) dependent biofilm formation and secretion of virulence factors. In addition to regulating quorum sensing, 3oc also plays an immunomodulatory role in the host by triggering regulated cell death in immune cells. The molecular mechanisms of 3oc in modulating macrophage pathologies are still unclear. In this study, we hypothesized the novel 3oc mediated crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis at the interphase of calcium signaling in human macrophages. The study showed that 3oc induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in macrophages through elevating cytosolic Ca+2 ([Ca+2]cyt) levels. Pre-treatment with the calcium-specific chelator BAPTA-AM effectively abrogated 3oc-induced apoptotic events, like mitochondrial ROS generation (mROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) drop, and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. The study also showed that 3oc induces autophagy, as assessed by the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, induction of lysosomal biogenesis, upregulation of autophagy genes (LC3, BECLIN 1, STX17, PINK1, and TFEB), autophagosomes formation, and LC3 lipidation. Mechanistically, our study proved that 3oc-induced autophagy was [Ca+2]cyt dependent as BAPTA-AM pre-treatment reduced autophagosome formation. Furthermore, inhibiting autophagy with chloroquine attenuated 3oc-induced apoptosis, while autophagy induction with rapamycin aggravated cell death, suggesting autophagy plays a role in cell death in 3oc-treated macrophages. In conclusion, our findings indicate that 3oc activates a multifaceted death signaling by activating autophagy and apoptosis through Ca+2 signaling, and we propose pharmacological modulation of Ca+2 signaling may act as a combinatorial therapeutic intervention in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kushwaha
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India
| | - Vishnu Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India.
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16
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Zhao S, Zhang J, Sun X, Yangzom C, Shang P. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter involved in foodborne mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 237:113535. [PMID: 35461028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne mycotoxins are toxic metabolites that are produced by fungi. The widespread contamination of food and its by-products by mycotoxins is a global food safety problem that potentially threatens public health and other exposed animals. Most foodborne mycotoxins induce hepatotoxicity. However, only few studies have investigated the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial calcium transport monomers in mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity. Therefore, according to relevant studies and reports, this review suggests that intracellular Ca(2 +) homeostasis and mitochondrial Ca(2 +) uniporter are involved in the regulation of mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity. This review provides some ideas for future research involving mitochondrial Ca(2 +) uniporter in the molecular targets of mycotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity, as well as a reference for the research and development of related drugs and the treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunwang Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqian Sun
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Chamba Yangzom
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Shang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, People's Republic of China; The Provincial and Ministerial co-founded collaborative innovation center for R & D in Tibet characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry resources, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Physiological Overview of the Potential Link between the UPS and Ca2+ Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050997. [PMID: 35624861 PMCID: PMC9137615 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic pathway by which damaged target proteins are degraded after ubiquitination and the recruit of ubiquitinated proteins, thus regulating diverse physiological functions and the maintenance in various tissues and cells. Ca2+ signaling is raised by oxidative or ER stress. Although the basic function of the UPS has been extensively elucidated and has been continued to define its mechanism, the precise relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling remains unclear. In the present review, we describe the relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling, including Ca2+-associated proteins, to understand the end point of oxidative stress. The UPS modulates Ca2+ signaling via the degradation of Ca2+-related proteins, including Ca2+ channels and transporters. Conversely, the modulation of UPS is driven by increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The multifaceted relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ plays critical roles in different tissue systems. Thus, we highlight the potential crosstalk between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling by providing an overview of the UPS in different organ systems and illuminating the relationship between the UPS and autophagy.
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18
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Collins HE, Zhang D, Chatham JC. STIM and Orai Mediated Regulation of Calcium Signaling in Age-Related Diseases. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:876785. [PMID: 35821821 PMCID: PMC9261457 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.876785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tight spatiotemporal regulation of intracellular Ca2+ plays a critical role in regulating diverse cellular functions including cell survival, metabolism, and transcription. As a result, eukaryotic cells have developed a wide variety of mechanisms for controlling Ca2+ influx and efflux across the plasma membrane as well as Ca2+ release and uptake from intracellular stores. The STIM and Orai protein families comprising of STIM1, STIM2, Orai1, Orai2, and Orai3, are evolutionarily highly conserved proteins that are core components of all mammalian Ca2+ signaling systems. STIM1 and Orai1 are considered key players in the regulation of Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE), where release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores such as the Endoplasmic/Sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) triggers Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane. SOCE, which has been widely characterized in non-excitable cells, plays a central role in Ca2+-dependent transcriptional regulation. In addition to their role in Ca2+ signaling, STIM1 and Orai1 have been shown to contribute to the regulation of metabolism and mitochondrial function. STIM and Orai proteins are also subject to redox modifications, which influence their activities. Considering their ubiquitous expression, there has been increasing interest in the roles of STIM and Orai proteins in excitable cells such as neurons and myocytes. While controversy remains as to the importance of SOCE in excitable cells, STIM1 and Orai1 are essential for cellular homeostasis and their disruption is linked to various diseases associated with aging such as cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. The recent identification of splice variants for most STIM and Orai isoforms while complicating our understanding of their function, may also provide insight into some of the current contradictions on their roles. Therefore, the goal of this review is to describe our current understanding of the molecular regulation of STIM and Orai proteins and their roles in normal physiology and diseases of aging, with a particular focus on heart disease and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E. Collins
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John C. Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States,*Correspondence: John C. Chatham,
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Kang JB, Park DJ, Shah MA, Koh PO. Quercetin ameliorates glutamate toxicity-induced neuronal cell death by controlling calcium-binding protein parvalbumin. J Vet Sci 2022; 23:e26. [PMID: 35187882 PMCID: PMC8977545 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.21273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter. Excessive glutamate causes excitatory toxicity and increases intracellular calcium, leading to neuronal death. Parvalbumin is a calcium-binding protein that regulates calcium homeostasis. Quercetin is a polyphenol found in plant and has neuroprotective effects against neurodegenerative diseases. Objectives We investigated whether quercetin regulates apoptosis by modulating parvalbumin expression in glutamate induced neuronal damage. Methods Glutamate was treated in hippocampal-derived cell line, and quercetin or vehicle was treated 1 h before glutamate exposure. Cells were collected for experimental procedure 24 h after glutamate treatment and intracellular calcium concentration and parvalbumin expression were examined. Parvalbumin small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was performed to detect the relation between parvalbumin and apoptosis. Results Glutamate reduced cell viability and increased intracellular calcium concentration, while quercetin preserved calcium concentration and neuronal damage. Moreover, glutamate reduced parvalbumin expression and quercetin alleviated this reduction. Glutamate increased caspase-3 expression, and quercetin attenuated this increase in both parvalbumin siRNA transfected and non-transfected cells. The alleviative effect of quercetin was statistically significant in non-transfected cells. Moreover, glutamate decreased bcl-2 and increased bax expressions, while quercetin alleviated these changes. The alleviative effect of quercetin in bcl-2 family protein expression was more remarkable in non-transfected cells. Conclusions These results demonstrate that parvalbumin contributes to the maintainace of intracellular calcium concentration and the prevention of apoptosis, and quercetin modulates parvalbumin expression in glutamate-exposed cells. Thus, these findings suggest that quercetin performs neuroprotective function against glutamate toxicity by regulating parvalbumin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Park
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Murad-Ali Shah
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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20
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Gupta R, Ambasta RK, Pravir Kumar. Autophagy and apoptosis cascade: which is more prominent in neuronal death? Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:8001-8047. [PMID: 34741624 PMCID: PMC11072037 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are two crucial self-destructive processes that maintain cellular homeostasis, which are characterized by their morphology and regulated through signal transduction mechanisms. These pathways determine the fate of cellular organelle and protein involved in human health and disease such as neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Cell death pathways share common molecular mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium ion concentration, reactive oxygen species, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Some key signaling molecules such as p53 and VEGF mediated angiogenic pathway exhibit cellular and molecular responses resulting in the triggering of apoptotic and autophagic pathways. Herein, based on previous studies, we describe the intricate relation between cell death pathways through their common genes and the role of various stress-causing agents. Further, extensive research on autophagy and apoptotic machinery excavates the implementation of selective biomarkers, for instance, mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3 family members, caspases, AMPK, PI3K/Akt/GSK3β, and p38/JNK/MAPK, in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This molecular phenomenon will lead to the discovery of possible therapeutic biomolecules as a pharmacological intervention that are involved in the modulation of apoptosis and autophagy pathways. Moreover, we describe the potential role of micro-RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and biomolecules as therapeutic agents that regulate cell death machinery to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Mounting evidence demonstrated that under stress conditions, such as calcium efflux, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and oxidative stress intermediate molecules, namely p53 and VEGF, activate and cause cell death. Further, activation of p53 and VEGF cause alteration in gene expression and dysregulated signaling pathways through the involvement of signaling molecules, namely mTOR, Bcl-2, BH3, AMPK, MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt, and caspases. Alteration in gene expression and signaling cascades cause neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates, which are characteristics features of neurodegenerative diseases. Excessive neurotoxicity and misfolded protein aggregates lead to neuronal cell death by activating death pathways like autophagy and apoptosis. However, autophagy has a dual role in the apoptosis pathways, i.e., activation and inhibition of the apoptosis signaling. Further, micro-RNAs and LncRNAs act as pharmacological regulators of autophagy and apoptosis cascade, whereas, natural compounds and chemical compounds act as pharmacological inhibitors that rescue neuronal cell death through inhibition of apoptosis and autophagic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mechanical Engineering Building, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Room# FW4TF3, Shahbad Daulatpur, Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
- , Delhi, India.
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21
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Ning B, Guo C, Kong A, Li K, Xie Y, Shi H, Gu J. Calcium Signaling Mediates Cell Death and Crosstalk with Autophagy in Kidney Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113204. [PMID: 34831428 PMCID: PMC8622220 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is an important organ for the maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis in the body. However, disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis will cause a series of kidney diseases, such as acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), podocytopathy, and diabetic nephropathy. During the progression of kidney disease, Ca2+ signaling plays key roles in various cell activities such as necrosis, apoptosis, eryptosis and autophagy. Importantly, there are complex Ca2+ flux networks between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria and lysosomes which regulate intracellular Ca2+ signaling in renal cells and contribute to kidney disease. In addition, Ca2+ signaling also links the crosstalk between various cell deaths and autophagy under the stress of heavy metals or high glucose. In this regard, we present a review of Ca2+ signaling in cell death and crosstalk with autophagy and its potential as a therapeutic target for the development of new and efficient drugs against kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ning
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.N.); (C.G.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Chuanzhi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.N.); (C.G.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Anqi Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.N.); (C.G.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Kongdong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.N.); (C.G.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Yimin Xie
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University—Yixing Hospital, Yixing 214200, China;
| | - Haifeng Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.N.); (C.G.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (H.S.)
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jie Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.N.); (C.G.); (A.K.); (K.L.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0511-88791923
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22
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Calcium Signaling Regulates Autophagy and Apoptosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082125. [PMID: 34440894 PMCID: PMC8394685 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) functions as a second messenger that is critical in regulating fundamental physiological functions such as cell growth/development, cell survival, neuronal development and/or the maintenance of cellular functions. The coordination among various proteins/pumps/Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ storage in various organelles is critical in maintaining cytosolic Ca2+ levels that provide the spatial resolution needed for cellular homeostasis. An important regulatory aspect of Ca2+ homeostasis is a store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) mechanism that is activated by the depletion of Ca2+ from internal ER stores and has gained much attention for influencing functions in both excitable and non-excitable cells. Ca2+ has been shown to regulate opposing functions such as autophagy, that promote cell survival; on the other hand, Ca2+ also regulates programmed cell death processes such as apoptosis. The functional significance of the TRP/Orai channels has been elaborately studied; however, information on how they can modulate opposing functions and modulate function in excitable and non-excitable cells is limited. Importantly, perturbations in SOCE have been implicated in a spectrum of pathological neurodegenerative conditions. The critical role of autophagy machinery in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases, would presumably unveil avenues for plausible therapeutic interventions for these diseases. We thus review the role of SOCE-regulated Ca2+ signaling in modulating these diverse functions in stem cell, immune regulation and neuromodulation.
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23
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Tan ZF, Ding Y, Tian JY, Liu ZQ, Bi JR, Zhou DY, Song L, Chen GB. Inhibition of ultraviolet-induced sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) autolysis by maintaining coelomocyte intracellular calcium homeostasis. Food Chem 2021; 368:130768. [PMID: 34392120 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a critical role in sea cucumber autolysis. To investigate the ultraviolet (UV)-induced apoptosis, sea cucumbers with and without injection of BAPTA-AM (cytosolic calcium chelator) were exposed to UV (15 W/m2) for 30 min. The results showed that UV irradiation caused several changes in sea cucumber coelomocytes, including calcium imbalance, abnormal morphology of endoplasmic reticulum, upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins CRT, CHOP, and caspases 9 and 3, and downregulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. A comparison between the two groups showed that injection of the calcium chelator into sea cucumbers helped maintain coelomocyte intracellular calcium homeostasis and suppressed other abnormal changes caused by ER stress, indicating apoptosis in sea cucumbers is mediated by calcium imbalance and follows the activation of the ER stress pathway. Therefore, this study broadens understanding of the apoptotic mechanism involved in sea cucumber autolysis, which is helpful in developing preservative agents for sea cucumbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Feng Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Jing-Yu Tian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Zi-Qiang Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Jing-Ran Bi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Da-Yong Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Liang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, No. 1 Qinggongyuan, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, PR China.
| | - Gui-Bing Chen
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina A&T State University, The North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
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24
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Lou J, Yang X, Shan W, Jin Z, Ding J, Hu Y, Liao Q, Du Q, Xie R, Xu J. Effects of calcium‑permeable ion channels on various digestive diseases in the regulation of autophagy (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:680. [PMID: 34318907 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a process of degradation and catabolism in cells. By removing damaged or dysfunctional organelles, autophagy interacts with the ubiquitin‑proteasome degradation system to jointly regulate cell function and energy homeostasis. Since autophagy plays a key role in physiology, disorders of the autophagy mechanism are associated with various diseases. Therefore, thorough understanding of the autophagy regulatory mechanism are crucially important in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. To date, ion channels may affect the development and treatment of diseases by regulating autophagy, especially calcium‑permeable ion channels, in the process of digestive system diseases. However, the mechanism by which calcium ions and their channels regulate autophagy is still poorly understood, thus emphasizing the need for further research in this field. The present review intends to discuss the association, mechanism and application of calcium ions, their channels and autophagy in the occurrence and development of digestive system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Weixi Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qiushi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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25
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dos Santos GRRM, Leite ACR, Lander N, Chiurillo MA, Vercesi AE, Docampo R. Trypanosoma cruzi Letm1 is involved in mitochondrial Ca 2+ transport, and is essential for replication, differentiation, and host cell invasion. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21685. [PMID: 34085343 PMCID: PMC10437107 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100120rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (Letm1) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein involved in Ca2+ and K+ homeostasis in mammalian cells. Here, we demonstrate that the Letm1 orthologue of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, is important for mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and release. The results show that both mitochondrial Ca2+ influx and efflux are reduced in TcLetm1 knockdown (TcLetm1-KD) cells and increased in TcLetm1 overexpressing cells, without alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Remarkably, TcLetm1 knockdown or overexpression increases or does not affect mitochondrial Ca2+ levels in epimastigotes, respectively. TcLetm1-KD epimastigotes have reduced growth, and both overexpression and knockdown of TcLetm1 cause a defect in metacyclogenesis. TcLetm1-KD also affected mitochondrial bioenergetics. Invasion of host cells by TcLetm1-KD trypomastigotes and their intracellular replication is greatly impaired. Taken together, our findings indicate that TcLetm1 is important for Ca2+ homeostasis and cell viability in T cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Catarina Rezende Leite
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Noelia Lander
- Center of Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Miguel Angel Chiurillo
- Center of Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Aníbal Eugênio Vercesi
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Docampo
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center of Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases and Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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26
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Alevriadou BR, Patel A, Noble M, Ghosh S, Gohil VM, Stathopulos PB, Madesh M. Molecular nature and physiological role of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter channel. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C465-C482. [PMID: 33296287 PMCID: PMC8260355 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00502.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is critical for cell function and cell survival. Mitochondria play a major role in regulating the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is an important determinant of cell fate and governs respiration, mitophagy/autophagy, and the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake occurs via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) complex. This review summarizes the present knowledge on the function of MCU complex, regulation of MCU channel, and the role of MCU in Ca2+ homeostasis and human disease pathogenesis. The channel core consists of four MCU subunits and essential MCU regulators (EMRE). Regulatory proteins that interact with them include mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake 1/2 (MICU1/2), MCU dominant-negative β-subunit (MCUb), MCU regulator 1 (MCUR1), and solute carrier 25A23 (SLC25A23). In addition to these proteins, cardiolipin, a mitochondrial membrane-specific phospholipid, has been shown to interact with the channel core. The dynamic interplay between the core and regulatory proteins modulates MCU channel activity after sensing local changes in [Ca2+]i, reactive oxygen species, and other environmental factors. Here, we highlight the structural details of the human MCU heteromeric assemblies and their known roles in regulating mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. MCU dysfunction has been shown to alter mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics, in turn eliciting cell apoptosis. Changes in mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake have been implicated in pathological conditions affecting multiple organs, including the heart, skeletal muscle, and brain. However, our structural and functional knowledge of this vital protein complex remains incomplete, and understanding the precise role for MCU-mediated mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling in disease requires further research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rita Alevriadou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Akshar Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Megan Noble
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sagnika Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Vishal M Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Peter B Stathopulos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology Division, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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27
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Parys JB, Bultynck G, Vervliet T. IP 3 Receptor Biology and Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Dynamics in Cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 59:215-237. [PMID: 34050869 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67696-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ signaling regulates a plethora of cellular functions. A central role in these processes is reserved for the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel, mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Three IP3R isoforms (IP3R1, IP3R2 and IP3R3) exist, encoded respectively by ITPR1, ITPR2 and ITPR3. The proteins encoded by these genes are each about 2700 amino acids long and assemble into large tetrameric channels, which form the target of many regulatory proteins, including several tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Due to the important role of the IP3Rs in cell function, their dysregulation is linked to multiple pathologies. In this review, we highlight the complex role of the IP3R in cancer, as it participates in most of the so-called "hallmarks of cancer". In particular, the IP3R directly controls cell death and cell survival decisions via regulation of autophagy and apoptosis. Moreover, the IP3R impacts cellular proliferation, migration and invasion. Typical examples of the role of the IP3Rs in these various processes are discussed. The relative levels of the IP3R isoforms expressed and their subcellular localization, e.g. at the ER-mitochondrial interface, is hereby important. Finally, evidence is provided about how the knowledge of the regulation of the IP3R by tumor suppressors and oncogenes can be exploited to develop novel therapeutic approaches to fight cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan B Parys
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vervliet
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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28
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Ca 2+ Dyshomeostasis Disrupts Neuronal and Synaptic Function in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122655. [PMID: 33321866 PMCID: PMC7763805 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ homeostasis is essential for multiple neuronal functions and thus, Ca2+ dyshomeostasis can lead to widespread impairment of cellular and synaptic signaling, subsequently contributing to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While numerous studies implicate Ca2+ mishandling in AD, the cellular basis for loss of cognitive function remains under investigation. The process of synaptic degradation and degeneration in AD is slow, and constitutes a series of maladaptive processes each contributing to a further destabilization of the Ca2+ homeostatic machinery. Ca2+ homeostasis involves precise maintenance of cytosolic Ca2+ levels, despite extracellular influx via multiple synaptic Ca2+ channels, and intracellular release via organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via ryanodine receptor (RyRs) and IP3R, lysosomes via transient receptor potential mucolipin channel (TRPML) and two pore channel (TPC), and mitochondria via the permeability transition pore (PTP). Furthermore, functioning of these organelles relies upon regulated inter-organelle Ca2+ handling, with aberrant signaling resulting in synaptic dysfunction, protein mishandling, oxidative stress and defective bioenergetics, among other consequences consistent with AD. With few effective treatments currently available to mitigate AD, the past few years have seen a significant increase in the study of synaptic and cellular mechanisms as drivers of AD, including Ca2+ dyshomeostasis. Here, we detail some key findings and discuss implications for future AD treatments.
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29
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Two-pore and TRPML cation channels: Regulators of phagocytosis, autophagy and lysosomal exocytosis. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 220:107713. [PMID: 33141027 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The old Greek saying "Panta Rhei" ("everything flows") is true for all life and all living things in general. It also becomes nicely evident when looking closely into cells. There, material from the extracellular space is taken up by endocytic processes and transported to endosomes where it is sorted either for recycling or degradation. Cargo is also packaged for export through exocytosis involving the Golgi network, lysosomes and other organelles. Everything in this system is in constant motion and many proteins are necessary to coordinate transport along the different intracellular pathways to avoid chaos. Among these proteins are ion channels., in particular TRPML channels (mucolipins) and two-pore channels (TPCs) which reside on endosomal and lysosomal membranes to speed up movement between organelles, e.g. by regulating fusion and fission; they help readjust pH and osmolarity changes due to such processes, or they promote exocytosis of export material. Pathophysiologically, these channels are involved in neurodegenerative, metabolic, retinal and infectious diseases, cancer, pigmentation defects, and immune cell function, and thus have been proposed as novel pharmacological targets, e.g. for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, or different types of cancer. Here, we discuss the similarities but also differences of TPCs and TRPMLs in regulating phagocytosis, autophagy and lysosomal exocytosis, and we address the contradictions and open questions in the field relating to the roles TPCs and TRPMLs play in these different processes.
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30
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Lu VM, Jue TR, McDonald KL. Cytotoxic lanthanum oxide nanoparticles sensitize glioblastoma cells to radiation therapy and temozolomide: an in vitro rationale for translational studies. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18156. [PMID: 33097778 PMCID: PMC7584621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumour with a dismal prognosis, despite best treatment by surgical resection, radiation therapy (RT) and chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ). Nanoparticle (NP) therapy is an emerging consideration due to the ability of NPs to be formulated and cross the blood brain barrier. Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) NPs are therapeutically advantageous due to the unique chemical properties of lanthanum making it cytotoxic to cancers, and able to enhance existing anti-cancer treatments. However, La2O3 NPs have yet to be thoroughly investigated in brain tumors. We show that these NPs can reach the brain after venous injection, penetrate into GBM cells via endocytosis, dissociate to be cytotoxic, and enhance the therapeutic effects of RT and TMZ. The mechanisms of cell death by La2O3 NPs were found to be multifaceted. Increasing NP concentration was correlated to increased intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathway markers in a radical oxygen species (ROS)-dependent manner, as well as involving direct DNA damage and autophagic pathways within GBM patient-derived cell lines. NP interactions to sensitize GBM to RT and TMZ were shown to involve these pathways by enhancing ROS and apoptotic mechanisms. We therefore demonstrate the therapeutic potential of La2O3 NPs to treat GBM cells in vitro, and encourage translational exploration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Lu
- Lowy Cancer Center, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave #1140, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Toni Rose Jue
- Lowy Cancer Center, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerrie L McDonald
- Lowy Cancer Center, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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31
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Saleem MZ, Alshwmi M, Zhang H, Din SRU, Nisar MA, Khan M, Alam S, Alam G, Jin L, Ma T. Inhibition of JNK-Mediated Autophagy Promotes Proscillaridin A- Induced Apoptosis via ROS Generation, Intracellular Ca +2 Oscillation and Inhibiting STAT3 Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:01055. [PMID: 33013353 PMCID: PMC7500466 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most heterogenous cancer type among women across the world. Despite concerted efforts, breast cancer management is still unsatisfactory. Interplay between apoptosis and autophagy is an imperative factor in categorizing therapeutics for cancer treatment. Proscillaridin A (PSD-A), a well-known cardiac glycoside used for cardiac arrest and arrythmias, has been unveiled in many cancer types but the underlying mechanism for apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer is not fully understood. In our study, PSD-A restricted cell growth, inhibited STAT3 activation and induced apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells via ROS generation and Ca+2 oscillation. Pretreatment of NAC and BAPTA-AM restored PSD-A induced cellular events in breast cancer cells. PSD-A induced apoptosis via DNA fragmentation, caspase-cascade activation, PARP cleavage, mitochondrial dysfunction, Bax/Bcl-2 proteins modulation and ER chaperone GRP78 inhibition along with decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Inhibition of STAT3 activation was found to be associated with decreased phosphorylation of SRC. Moreover, PSD-A induced events of autophagy i.e. conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, and Atg3 expression via JNK activation and decreased mTOR and AKT phosphorylation. In this study, pretreatment of SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, reduced autophagy and enhanced STAT3 inhibition and apoptosis. Additionally, SB203580, a commercial p38 inhibitor, stimulated STAT3 activation and improved autophagic events rate in breast cancer cells, displaying the role of the MAPK signaling pathway in interplay between apoptosis and autophagy. Our data suggest that the rate of apoptotic cell death is improved by blocking JNK-induced autophagy in PSD-A treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Alshwmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Syed Riaz Ud Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Muhammad Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Alam
- Department of Anatomy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Gulzar Alam
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lingling Jin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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32
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Schäffer DE, Iyer LM, Burroughs AM, Aravind L. Functional Innovation in the Evolution of the Calcium-Dependent System of the Eukaryotic Endoplasmic Reticulum. Front Genet 2020; 11:34. [PMID: 32117448 PMCID: PMC7016017 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The origin of eukaryotes was marked by the emergence of several novel subcellular systems. One such is the calcium (Ca2+)-stores system of the endoplasmic reticulum, which profoundly influences diverse aspects of cellular function including signal transduction, motility, division, and biomineralization. We use comparative genomics and sensitive sequence and structure analyses to investigate the evolution of this system. Our findings reconstruct the core form of the Ca2+-stores system in the last eukaryotic common ancestor as having at least 15 proteins that constituted a basic system for facilitating both Ca2+ flux across endomembranes and Ca2+-dependent signaling. We present evidence that the key EF-hand Ca2+-binding components had their origins in a likely bacterial symbiont other than the mitochondrial progenitor, whereas the protein phosphatase subunit of the ancestral calcineurin complex was likely inherited from the asgard archaeal progenitor of the stem eukaryote. This further points to the potential origin of the eukaryotes in a Ca2+-rich biomineralized environment such as stromatolites. We further show that throughout eukaryotic evolution there were several acquisitions from bacteria of key components of the Ca2+-stores system, even though no prokaryotic lineage possesses a comparable system. Further, using quantitative measures derived from comparative genomics we show that there were several rounds of lineage-specific gene expansions, innovations of novel gene families, and gene losses correlated with biological innovation such as the biomineralized molluscan shells, coccolithophores, and animal motility. The burst of innovation of new genes in animals included the wolframin protein associated with Wolfram syndrome in humans. We show for the first time that it contains previously unidentified Sel1, EF-hand, and OB-fold domains, which might have key roles in its biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Schäffer
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Science, Mathematics, and Computer Science Magnet Program, Montgomery Blair High School, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Lakshminarayan M Iyer
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - A Maxwell Burroughs
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - L Aravind
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Park DJ, Jeon SJ, Kang JB, Koh PO. Quercetin Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury by Preventing Ischemia-induced Decreases in the Neuronal Calcium Sensor Protein Hippocalcin. Neuroscience 2020; 430:47-62. [PMID: 31982469 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Calcium acts as a second messenger that mediates physiologic functions, such as metabolism, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Hippocalcin is a neuronal calcium sensor protein that regulates intracellular calcium concentration. Moreover, it prevents neuronal cell death from oxidative stress. Quercetin has excellent antioxidant properties and preventative effects. We studied modulation of hippocalcin expression by quercetin treatment in cerebral ischemic injury and glutamate-induced neuronal cell damage. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with vehicle or quercetin (10 mg/kg) 1 h prior to pMCAO, and cerebral cortical tissues were isolated 24 h after pMCAO. Quercetin improved pMCAO-induced neuronal movement deficit and infarction. pMCAO induced a decrease in hippocalcin expression in the cerebral cortex. However, quercetin treatment attenuated this pMCAO-induced decrease. In cultured hippocampal cells, glutamate excitotoxicity dramatically increased the intracellular calcium concentration, whereas quercetin alleviated intracellular calcium overload. Moreover, Western blot and immunocytochemical studies showed reduction of hippocalcin expression in glutamate-exposed cells. Quercetin prevented this glutamate-induced decrease. Furthermore, caspase-3 expression in hippocalcin siRNA transfection conditions is higher than caspase-3 expression in un-transfection conditions. Quercetin treatment attenuated the increase of caspase-3. Taken together, these results suggest that quercetin exerts a preventative effect through attenuation of intracellular calcium overload and restoration of down-regulated hippocalcin expression during ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ju Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Jeon
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - Ju-Bin Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea
| | - Phil-Ok Koh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 660-701, South Korea.
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Ahn C, Jung EM, An BS, Hong EJ, Yoo YM, Jeung EB. The Protective Role of Calbindin-D 9k on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Beta Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215317. [PMID: 31731478 PMCID: PMC6862009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium ion content is tightly regulated for the maintenance of cellular functions and cell survival. Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) is responsible for regulating the distribution of cytosolic free-calcium ions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of CaBP-9k on cell survival in pancreatic beta cells. Six-month-old wildtype CaBP-9k, CaBP-28k, and CaBP-9k/28k knockout (KO) mice were used to compare the pathological phenotypes of calcium-binding protein-deleted mice. Subsequently, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress reducer tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was administered to wildtype and CaBP-9k KO mice. In vitro assessment of the role of CaBP-9k was performed following CaBP-9k overexpression and treatment with the ER stress inducer thapsigargin. Six-month-old CaBP-9k KO mice showed reduced islet volume and up-regulation of cell death markers resulting from ER stress, which led to pancreatic beta cell death. TUDCA treatment recovered islet volume, serum insulin level, and abdominal fat storage by CaBP-9k ablation. CaBP-9k overexpression elevated insulin secretion and recovered thapsigargin-induced ER stress in the INS-1E cell line. The results of this study show that CaBP-9k can protect pancreatic beta cell survival from ER stress and contribute to glucose homeostasis, which can reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes and provide the molecular basis for calcium supplementation to diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhwan Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (C.A.); (E.-M.J.); (Y.-M.Y.)
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (C.A.); (E.-M.J.); (Y.-M.Y.)
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Suite 401Veterinary Medicine Bldg., Yuseong, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Yeong-Min Yoo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (C.A.); (E.-M.J.); (Y.-M.Y.)
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea; (C.A.); (E.-M.J.); (Y.-M.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Nguyen TV, Alfaro AC, Merien F, Lulijwa R, Young T. Copper-induced immunomodulation in mussel (Perna canaliculus) haemocytes. Metallomics 2019; 10:965-978. [PMID: 29931012 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Copper is a common contaminant in aquatic environments, which may cause physiological dysfunction in marine organisms. However, the toxicity mechanisms of copper in marine bivalves is not fully understood. In this study, we applied an integrated approach that combines flow cytometry and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics to characterize cellular and molecular mechanisms of copper immunotoxicity in New Zealand Greenshell™ mussel (Perna canaliculus) haemolymph. Flow cytometric results showed significant increases in haemocyte mortality, production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis (via alteration of caspase 3/7 and mitochondrial membrane potential) of haemocytes exposed to increasing total concentrations of Cu2+ (62.5, 125.0 and 187.5 μM) compared to a low Cu2+ concentration (25.0 μM) and control (0.0 μM). In addition to flow cytometric data, our metabolomics results showed alterations of 25 metabolites within the metabolite profile of Cu2+-exposed haemolymph (125 μM) compared to those of control samples. Changes in levels of these metabolites may be considered important signatures of oxidative stress (e.g., glutathione) and apoptosis processes (e.g., alanine, glutamic acid). This study provides insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress and apoptosis in marine bivalves and highlights the applicability and reliability of metabolomic techniques for immunotoxicological studies in marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao V Nguyen
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Khan N, Yılmaz S, Aksoy S, Uzel A, Tosun Ç, Kirmizibayrak PB, Bedir E. Polyethers isolated from the marine actinobacterium Streptomyces cacaoi inhibit autophagy and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:167-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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The emerging interrelation between ROCO and related kinases, intracellular Ca 2+ signaling, and autophagy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:1054-1067. [PMID: 30582936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ROCO kinases form a family of proteins characterized by kinase activity in addition to the presence of the so-called ROC (Ras of complex proteins)/COR (C-terminal of ROC) domains having a role in their GTPase activity. These are the death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) 1 and the leucine-rich repeat kinases (LRRK) 1 and 2. These kinases all play roles in cellular life and death decisions and in autophagy in particular. Related to the ROCO kinases is DAPK 2 that however cannot be classified as a ROCO protein due to the absence of the ROC/COR domains. This review aims to bring together what is known about the relation between these proteins and intracellular Ca2+ signals in the induction and regulation of autophagy. Interestingly, DAPK 1 and 2 and LRRK2 are all linked to Ca2+ signaling in their effects on autophagy, though in various ways. Present evidence supports an upstream role for LRRK2 that via lysosomal and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release can trigger autophagy induction. In contrast herewith, DAPK1 and 2 react on existing Ca2+ signals to stimulate the autophagic pathway. Further research will be needed for obtaining a full understanding of the role of these various kinases in autophagy and to assess their exact relation with intracellular Ca2+ signaling as this would be helpful in the development of novel therapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and auto-immune diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: ECS Meeting edited by Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs and Jacques Haiech.
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Souza GL, Rosatto CMP, Silva MJB, Silva MV, Rocha Rodrigues DB, Moura CCG. Evaluation of apoptosis/necrosis and cytokine release provoked by three root canal sealers in human polymorphonuclears and monocytes. Int Endod J 2018; 52:629-638. [PMID: 30388307 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and cytokine release of three fresh root canal sealers and to determine the type of cell death they induce. METHODOLOGY The sealers tested were Sealer 26 (S26), AH Plus (AHP), and Endosequence BC Sealer (END). Fresh sealers were cultivated in contact with monocytes and polymorphonuclears (PMNs) obtained from the peripheral blood of humans. Cell viability, apoptosis and necrosis were analysed at 4 h (PMNs) or 24 h (monocytes) using Annexin-V and propidium iodide in a cytometer. The supernatants were used to quantify Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in monocytes and IL-8 in PMNs by ELISA. One-way ANOVA and the Tukey post-test were used to compare data for cytotoxicity, and the multiple T-test was used to determine the differences between sealers in the release of cytokines that were statistically significant. RESULTS After 4 h of treatment, S26 was associated with greater cell viability than the other sealers (P < 0.05) in the PMN culture and had similar values of necrosis as END (P > 0.05). After 24 h of treatment, AHP and END had greater monocyte cell viability than S26 (P < 0.05), which had more necrosis (P < 0.05). END had the lowest levels of IL-12 compared to the other sealers (P < 0.05) and higher levels of IL-6 compared to S26 (P < 0.05). The tested sealers did not differ in the release of IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-4 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The effect of toxic agents released varied depending on the cell type studied. The composition of the sealers appeared to alter the form of self-regulation in the production of these cytokines by cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Souza
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - C M P Rosatto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - M J B Silva
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - M V Silva
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - D B Rocha Rodrigues
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - C C G Moura
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Mustaly-Kalimi S, Littlefield AM, Stutzmann GE. Calcium Signaling Deficits in Glia and Autophagic Pathways Contributing to Neurodegenerative Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1158-1175. [PMID: 29634342 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Numerous cellular processes and signaling mechanisms have been identified that contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology; however, a comprehensive or unifying pathway that binds together the major disease features remains elusive. As an upstream mechanism, altered calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a common driving force for many pathophysiological events that emerge during normal aging and development of neurodegenerative disease. Recent Advances: Over the previous three decades, accumulated evidence has validated the concept that intracellular Ca2+ dysregulation is centrally involved in AD pathogenesis, including the aggregation of pathogenic β-amyloid (Aβ) and phospho-τ species, synapse loss and dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and neurotoxicity. CRITICAL ISSUES Although neuronal Ca2+ signaling within the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been well studied, other critical central nervous system-resident cell types affected by aberrant Ca2+ signaling, such as astrocytes and microglia, have not been considered as thoroughly. In addition, certain intracellular Ca2+-harboring organelles have been well studied, such as the ER and mitochondria; however other critical Ca2+-regulated organelles, such as lysosomes and autophagosomes, have only more recently been investigated. In this review, we examine Ca2+ dysregulation in microglia and astrocytes, as well as key intracellular organelles important for cellular maintenance and protein handling. Ca2+ dysregulation within these non-neuronal cells and organelles is hypothesized to disrupt the effective clearance of misaggregated proteins and cellular signaling pathways needed for memory networks. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Overall, we aim to explore how these disrupted mechanisms could be involved in AD pathology and consider their role as potential therapeutic targets. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 1158-1175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mustaly-Kalimi
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alyssa M Littlefield
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Grace E Stutzmann
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science , North Chicago, Illinois
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Gatto F, Bardi G. Metallic Nanoparticles: General Research Approaches to Immunological Characterization. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8100753. [PMID: 30248990 PMCID: PMC6215296 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our immunity is guaranteed by a complex system that includes specialized cells and active molecules working in a spatially and temporally coordinated manner. Interaction of nanomaterials with the immune system and their potential immunotoxicity are key aspects for an exhaustive biological characterization. Several assays can be used to unravel the immunological features of nanoparticles, each one giving information on specific pathways leading to immune activation or immune suppression. Size, shape, and surface chemistry determine the surrounding corona, mainly formed by soluble proteins, hence, the biological identity of nanoparticles released in cell culture conditions or in a living organism. Here, we review the main laboratory characterization steps and immunological approaches that can be used to understand and predict the responses of the immune system to frequently utilized metallic or metal-containing nanoparticles, in view of their potential uses in diagnostics and selected therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gatto
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Bardi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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Roest G, La Rovere RM, Bultynck G, Parys JB. IP 3 Receptor Properties and Function at Membrane Contact Sites. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 981:149-178. [PMID: 29594861 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The intracellular Ca2+ signals originating from the activation of the IP3R regulate multiple cellular processes including the control of cell death versus cell survival via their action on apoptosis and autophagy. The exact role of the IP3Rs in these two processes does not only depend on their activity, which is modulated by the cytosolic composition (Ca2+, ATP, redox status, …) and by various types of regulatory proteins, including kinases and phosphatases as well as by a number of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, but also on their intracellular localization, especially at the ER-mitochondrial and ER-lysosomal interfaces. At these interfaces, Ca2+ microdomains are formed, in which the Ca2+ concentration is finely regulated by the different ER, mitochondrial and lysosomal Ca2+-transport systems and also depends on the functional and structural interactions existing between them. In this review, we therefore discuss the most recent insights in the role of Ca2+ signaling in general, and of the IP3R in particular, in the control of basal mitochondrial bioenergetics, apoptosis, and autophagy at the level of inter-organellar contact sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Roest
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita M La Rovere
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan B Parys
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Li W, Miao H, Huang S, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Li Z, Guo Q, Zhao L. Activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in human lung cancer cells by the new synthetic flavonoid, LZ-205. Oncotarget 2018; 7:87257-87270. [PMID: 27895312 PMCID: PMC5349986 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that flavonoids have anti-tumor activity. In this study, LZ-205, a newly synthesized flavonoid, was found to be effective in inducing apoptosis in human lung cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, LZ-205 triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response, which could be reversed by silencing CHOP, a mediator of the ER stress-associated apoptosis. In addition, LZ-205-induced apoptosis is accompanied by the activation of both the mitochondrial apoptotic and extrinsic pathways, followed by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the alteration of the expression of mitochondria-related pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. LZ-205 exhibits a potential antitumor effect in BALB/c nude mice bearing H460 tumor with low systemic toxicity. In summary, both the ROS-mediated ER stress pathway and the exogenous apoptotic pathway are involved in LZ-205-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Our data show a therapeutic potential of LZ-205 for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanchi Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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The Mitochondrial Basis of Aging and Age-Related Disorders. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120398. [PMID: 29257072 PMCID: PMC5748716 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural phenomenon characterized by progressive decline in tissue and organ function leading to increased risk of disease and mortality. Among diverse factors that contribute to human aging, the mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as one of the key hallmarks of aging process and is linked to the development of numerous age-related pathologies including metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Mitochondria are central in the regulation of energy and metabolic homeostasis, and harbor a complex quality control system that limits mitochondrial damage to ensure mitochondrial integrity and function. The intricate regulatory network that balances the generation of new and removal of damaged mitochondria forms the basis of aging and longevity. Here, I will review our current understanding on how mitochondrial functional decline contributes to aging, including the role of somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dynamics and quality control pathways. I will further discuss the emerging evidence on how dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of age-related disorders. Strategies aimed to enhance mitochondrial function by targeting mitochondrial dynamics, quality control, and mitohormesis pathways might promote healthy aging, protect against age-related diseases, and mediate longevity.
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Chen X, Chen L, Jiang S, Huang S. Maduramicin induces apoptosis and necrosis, and blocks autophagic flux in myocardial H9c2 cells. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:366-375. [PMID: 29047155 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maduramicin, a polyether ionophore antibiotic, is widely used as an anticoccidial agent in the poultry industry. It has been reported that maduramicin may cause heart and skeletal muscle cell damage, resulting in heart failure, skeletal muscle degeneration and even death in animals and humans, if improperly used. However, the molecular mechanism behind its capability to cause death of cardiac cells is not known. Here, we show that maduramicin induced apoptosis and necrosis in rat myocardial cells (H9c2). Maduramicin did not apparently upregulate the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g., BAD, BAK and BAX) or downregulate the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (e.g. Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1 and survivin). Interestingly, maduramicin increased the expression of DR4 and TRAIL, activating caspases 8/3 and triggering cleavage of poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP). In addition, maduramicin induced nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor. Furthermore, maduramicin blocked autophagic flux, as evidenced by inducing accumulation of both LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1. Taken together, the above results suggest that maduramicin executes its toxicity in the myocardial cells at least by inducing caspase-dependent cell death through TRAIL/DR4-mediated extrinsic pathway and caspase-independent cell death by inducing apoptosis inducing factor nuclear translocation and blocking autophagic flux. Our findings provide a new insight into the molecular mechanism of maduramicin's toxicity in myocardial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA
| | - Long Chen
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanxiang Jiang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA.,Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA
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Wang JT, Keshavmurthy S, Chu TY, Chen CA. Diverse responses of Symbiodinium types to menthol and DCMU treatment. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3843. [PMID: 29018600 PMCID: PMC5628609 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the mechanism of photosynthetic inhibition and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Symbiodinium types under stress, chemicals such as dichlorophenyl dimethylurea (DCMU) are widely used. Moreover, DCMU and recently menthol were used to generate aposymbiotic cnidarian hosts. While the effects of DCMU on Symbiodinium cells have been extensively studied, no studies have shown the mechanism behind menthol-induced coral bleaching. Moreover, no study has compared the effects of DCMU and menthol treatments on photosystem II (PSII) activity and generation of ROS in different Symbiodinium types. In this study, we utilized five freshly isolated Symbiodinium types (S. minutum (B1), S. goreaui (C1), C3, C15, and S. trenchii (D1a)) to compare the effects of DCMU and menthol treatments. Symbiodinium cells were exposed to DCMU and menthol at different concentrations for 4 h. Results showed that values of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for PSII inhibition were 0.72∼1.96 mM for menthol-treated cells compared to 29∼74 pM for DCMU-treated cells. Diverse responses of Symbiodinium types were displayed in terms of PSII tolerance to menthol (S. minutum > S. trenchii = C15 > C3 = S. goreaui), and also in the response curves. In contrast, responses were not so diverse when the different types were treated with DCMU. Three of five menthol-treated Symbiodinium types showed instant and significant ROS generation when PSII activity was inhibited, compared to no ROS being generated in DCMU-treated Symbiodinium types. Both results indicated that menthol inhibited Symbiodinium PSII activity through Symbiodinium type-dependent mechanisms, which were also distinct from those with DCMU treatment. This study further confirmed that photosynthetic functions Symbiodinium have diverse responses to stress even within the same clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Terng Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | | | - Tzu-Ying Chu
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chaolun Allen Chen
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ren G, Zhou Y, Liang G, Yang B, Yang M, King A, Wei H. General Anesthetics Regulate Autophagy via Modulating the Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor: Implications for Dual Effects of Cytoprotection and Cytotoxicity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12378. [PMID: 28959036 PMCID: PMC5620053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
General anesthetics are both neuroprotective and neurotoxic with unclear mechanisms. General anesthetics may control cell survival via their effects on autophagy by activation of type 1 inositol triphosphate receptor (InsP3R-1). DT40 or SH-SY5Y cells with only or over 99% expression of InsP3R-1 were treated with isoflurane or propofol. Cell viability was determined by MTT reduction or LDH release assays. Apoptosis was determined by measuring Caspase-3 or by TUNEL assay. Autophagy activity was determined by measuring LC3 II and P62. We evaluated mitochondrial integrity using MitoTracker Green and cytosolic ATP levels. Fura2-AM was used to measure the concentrations of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]c). Propofol significantly increased peak and integrated calcium response (P < 0.001) in cells with InsP3R-1 but not in cells with triple knockout of InsP3R. Both propofol and isoflurane increased autophagy induction (P < 0.05) in an mTOR- and InsP3R- activity dependent manner. Short exposure to propofol adequately activated InsP3-1 to provide sufficient autophagy for cytoprotection, while prolonged exposure to propofol induced cell apoptosis via impairment of autophagy flux through over activation of InsP3-1. Propofol damaged mitochondria and decreased cytosolic ATP. The effects of general anesthetics on apoptosis and autophagy are closely integrated; both are caused by differential activation of the type 1 InsP3R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongyi Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yachun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meirong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alexander King
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Huafeng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling plays a critical role in regulating plethora of cellular functions including cell survival, proliferation and migration. The perturbations in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis can lead to cell death either by activating autophagic pathways or through induction of apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major storehouse of Ca2+ within cells and a number of physiological agonists mediate ER Ca2+ release by activating IP3 receptors (IP3R). This decrease in ER Ca2+ levels is sensed by STIM, which physically interacts and activates plasma membrane Ca2+ selective Orai channels. Emerging literature implicates a key role for STIM1, STIM2, Orai1 and Orai3 in regulating both cell survival and death pathways. In this review, we will retrospect the work highlighting the role of STIM and Orai homologs in regulating cell death signaling. We will further discuss the rationales that could explain the dual role of STIM and Orai proteins in regulating cell fate decisions.
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Different Roles of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Complex Subunits in Growth and Infectivity of Trypanosoma cruzi. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.00574-17. [PMID: 28487431 PMCID: PMC5424207 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00574-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the agent of Chagas disease, and the finding that this parasite possesses a mitochondrial calcium uniporter (TcMCU) with characteristics similar to that of mammalian mitochondria was fundamental for the discovery of the molecular nature of MCU in eukaryotes. We report here that ablation of TcMCU, or its paralog TcMCUb, by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 led to a marked decrease in mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake without affecting the membrane potential of these cells, whereas overexpression of each gene caused a significant increase in the ability of mitochondria to accumulate Ca2+ While TcMCU-knockout (KO) epimastigotes were viable and able to differentiate into trypomastigotes, infect host cells, and replicate normally, ablation of TcMCUb resulted in epimastigotes having an important growth defect, lower rates of respiration and metacyclogenesis, more pronounced autophagy changes under starvation, and significantly reduced infectivity. Overexpression of TcMCUb, in contrast to what was proposed for its mammalian ortholog, did not result in a dominant negative effect on TcMCU.IMPORTANCE The finding of a mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in Trypanosoma cruzi was essential for the discovery of the molecular nature of this transporter in mammals. In this work, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 technique that we recently developed for T. cruzi to knock out two components of the uniporter: MCU, the pore subunit, and MCUb, which was proposed as a negative regulator of MCU in human cells. In contrast to what occurs in human cells, MCU is not essential, while MCUb is essential for growth, differentiation, and infectivity; has a bioenergetic role; and does not act as a dominant negative subunit of MCU.
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Yang DL, Xu JW, Zhu JG, Zhang YL, Xu JB, Sun Q, Cao XN, Zuo WL, Xu RS, Huang JH, Jiang FN, Zhuo YJ, Xiao BQ, Liu YZ, Yuan DB, Sun ZL, He HC, Lun ZR, Zhong WD, Zhou WL. Role of GPR30 in estrogen-induced prostate epithelial apoptosis and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:517-524. [PMID: 28412354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have implicated estrogen and the estrogen receptor (ER) in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH); however, the mechanism underlying this effect remains elusive. In the present study, we demonstrated that estrogen (17β-estradiol, or E2)-induced activation of the G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) triggered Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, increased the mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration, and thus induced prostate epithelial cell (PEC) apoptosis. Both E2 and the GPR30-specific agonist G1 induced a transient intracellular Ca2+ release in PECs via the phospholipase C (PLC)-inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate (IP3) pathway, and this was abolished by treatment with the GPR30 antagonist G15. The release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3 in response to GPR30 activation were observed. Data generated from the analysis of animal models and human clinical samples indicate that treatment with the GPR30 agonist relieves testosterone propionate (TP)-induced prostatic epithelial hyperplasia, and that the abundance of GPR30 is negatively associated with prostate volume. On the basis of these results, we propose a novel regulatory mechanism whereby estrogen induces the apoptosis of PECs via GPR30 activation. Inhibition of this activation is predicted to lead to abnormal PEC accumulation, and to thereby contribute to BPH pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Liang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Wen Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550002, China; Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian-Bang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qing Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Nian Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wu-Lin Zuo
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruo-Shui Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jie-Hong Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fu-Neng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Yang-Jia Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Bai-Quan Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510240, China
| | - Yun-Zhong Liu
- Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510240, China
| | - Dong-Bo Yuan
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Zhao-Lin Sun
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Hui-Chan He
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China
| | - Zhao-Rong Lun
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei-De Zhong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
| | - Wen-Liang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Chen C, Gu S, Jiang X, Zhang Z. Arsenite-induced endoplasmic reticulum-dependent apoptosis through disturbance of calcium homeostasis in HBE cell line. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:197-216. [PMID: 26677073 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+ ) is a ubiquitous cell signal responsible for multiple fundamental cellular functions, including apoptosis. Whether the homeostasis of Ca2+ is involved in arsenite-induced apoptosis remains unclear. In this study, we observed that arsenite significantly elevated the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in a dose- and time-dependent manner. By using the Ca2+ -ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin, and the inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) inhibitor, heparin, we further confirmed that the disturbance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ homeostasis caused Ca2+ overload in the cells. Moreover, loss of ER Ca2+ homeostasis also led to ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and NF-κB activation. Importantly, pretreatment of cells with heparin remarkably attenuated the elevated cell apoptosis induced by arsenite, but inhibition of ER Ca2+ uptake with thapsigargin exacerbated arsenite-induced cell damage significantly. Together, we demonstrated for the first time that arsenite disturbed the Ca2+ homeostasis in ER, which subsequently led to ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and NF-κB nuclear translocation, and thus consequently triggering cell apoptosis. Our findings indicate regulation of disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis in ER may be a potential strategy for prevention of arsenite toxicity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 197-216, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyan Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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