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de Graaf BC, Gerritse MBE, Michiels KCJ, Kluivers KB, van de Belt TH. Social media recruitment of participants in a female stress urinary incontinence trial: A feasibility study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 299:253-257. [PMID: 38908036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explores the opportunities of social media advertisements as a recruitment strategy in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). STUDY DESIGN This feasibility study was part of a larger clinical trial on the effects of a patient decision aid for SUI treatment. We started a 61-day social media advertisement campaign to recruit women for the trial. The primary outcome of our study was enrolment pace. Secondary outcomes involved cost per participant, baseline demographic comparison and ad campaign performance metrics. Additionally, we interviewed recruited participants to identify the facilitators and barriers of our approach. RESULTS Ten participants were recruited, of whom 8 completed the full study protocol (2 questionnaires 6 months apart). The enrolment pace, 4.0 study participants per month, was faster compared to the average of 2.7 participants per month through conventional methods. The campaign reached 87 clicks on the advertisement per day and 1 % of these women showed interest in our study by contacting us. The overall conversion rate from click to full participation was 0.2 %. The costs per participant were €112. Besides higher age, the demographics of the social media recruited participants were comparable to the conventional inclusions. Qualitative analysis identified more user-oriented enrolment procedures and potential participant benefit as facilitators of social media recruitment. CONCLUSION This study shows that social media recruitment can be feasible in trials for women with SUI. It can accelerate recruitment of eligible participants. Optimising the enrolment procedure to better meet participants' needs and recruitment benefits may improve participation and cost-effectiveness. Trial registration ID 2017-3540.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris C de Graaf
- Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ede, the Netherlands
| | - Maria B E Gerritse
- Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ede, the Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Gynecology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Kim C J Michiels
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Gynecology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsten B Kluivers
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Gynecology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Kristensen CB, Forbes A, Asimakopoulou K, Ide M. Exploring the determinants of oral health care uptake among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A qualitative study to develop a logic model and framework for an oral health intervention. Diabet Med 2024:e15352. [PMID: 38898586 DOI: 10.1111/dme.15352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition of glucose intolerance in pregnancy. Oral health has been shown to mediate blood glucose management and pregnancy outcomes. There is also a greater prevalence of poor oral health in GDM pregnancies when compared to normoglycemic pregnancies. While current guidelines recommend an oral health review as part of diabetes and pregnancy management, it is under-considered in GDM care. Hence, it is important to understand how to improve oral health care in this context. AIM To explore the determinants of oral health care uptake among women with GDM to develop a logic model for an intervention to improve awareness and activation of oral health behaviours in this population. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data and the Theoretical Domains Framework inspired the interview guide. The study population consisted of UK-based women with GDM over 18 years of age. The data were analysed with Framework Analysis and the COM-B Model was used to orientate the data. RESULTS Seventeen women participated in the study. Five themes including knowledge about oral health; the health of the baby; the impact of the GDM diagnosis; social support and barriers and facilitators were found to influence the uptake of oral health care. CONCLUSIONS This study developed an evidence-based logic model of the determinants of oral health care uptake among women with GDM. This will serve as a framework for developing an oral health intervention. This study may be the starting point for initiating conversations about implementing oral health care in GDM management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angus Forbes
- Division of Care in Long Term Conditions, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mark Ide
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
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Vos SC, Adatorwovor R, Roberts MK, Lee Sherman D, Bonds D, Dunfee MN, Spring B, Schoenberg NE. Community engagement through social media: A promising low-cost strategy for rural recruitment? J Rural Health 2024; 40:467-475. [PMID: 37985592 PMCID: PMC11102927 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE For the same reasons that rural telehealth has shown promise for enhancing the provision of care in underserved environments, social media recruitment may facilitate more inclusive research engagement in rural areas. However, little research has examined social media recruitment in the rural context, and few studies have evaluated the feasibility of using a free social media page to build a network of rural community members who may be interested in a research study. Here, we describe the rationale, process, and protocols of developing and implementing a social media approach to recruit rural residents to participate in an mHealth intervention. METHODS Informed by extensive formative research, we created a study Facebook page emphasizing community engagement in an mHealth behavioral intervention. We distributed the page to local networks and regularly posted recruitment and community messages. We collected data on the reach of the Facebook page, interaction with our messages, and initiations of our study intake survey. FINDINGS Over 21 weeks, our Facebook page gained 429 followers, and Facebook users interacted with our social media messages 3,080 times. Compared to messages that described desirable study features, messages that described community involvement resulted in higher levels of online interaction. Social media and other recruitment approaches resulted in 225 people initiating our in-take survey, 9 enrolling in our pilot study, and 26 placing their names on a waiting list. CONCLUSIONS A standalone social media page highlighting community involvement shows promise for recruiting in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Vos
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | | | - Deanna Lee Sherman
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Delaney Bonds
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Bonnie Spring
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nancy E. Schoenberg
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Gallant AJ, Johnson C, Steenbeek A, Parsons Leigh J, Halperin SA, Curran JA. Stakeholders' experiences with school-based immunization programs during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Canadian Maritimes: A qualitative study. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2024; 7:100505. [PMID: 38807702 PMCID: PMC11130716 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background School-based immunization programs (SBIP) support access to routine vaccines for adolescents. Across Canada, the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent public health measures affected SBIP and vaccine uptake. The objectives of this study were to explore 1.) stakeholders' experiences with SBIP and changes to programs during COVID-19 in Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, and 2.) how the pandemic affected parents' and adolescents' vaccine views. Study design Semi-structured interviews with decision makers, healthcare providers, teachers, parents and adolescents between February-August 2023. Methods The COM-B model and Theoretical Domains Framework informed interview guides. Deductive and inductive analyses saw participant quotes mapped to relevant model components and domains by two coders. Belief statements were generated within each stakeholder group then compared to identify themes and subthemes. Results Participants (n = 39) identified five themes: 1) enablers to SBIP delivery, 2) barriers to SBIP delivery, 3) desired changes to SBIP delivery, 4) student anxiety, and 5) vaccination views and changes since the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures facilitated more space for clinics, as did taking smaller cohorts of students. School staff-healthcare provider relationships could help or hinder programs, particularly with high turnover in both professions during the pandemic. Adolescents played a passive role in vaccine decision making, with mothers often being the sole decision maker. We did not identify any changes in hesitancy towards routine vaccines since the pandemic. Conclusions We identified a range of barriers and enablers to SBIP, many of which were exacerbated by the pandemic. Efforts are needed to ensure SBIP and catch-up programming remains accessible for all adolescents to catch-up on missed vaccines before graduation. Parents and adolescents' vaccination views suggest changes in vaccine coverage since the pandemic may be due to accessibility of services rather than vaccine hesitancy. Future research is needed to engage adolescents in their vaccine decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson J. Gallant
- Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, 5968 College Street, PO BOX 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Catie Johnson
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | | | - Scott A. Halperin
- Dalhousie University, Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Janet A. Curran
- School of Nursing, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Algarin AB, Cirilo A, Pitpitan EV, Gutierrez A, Horvath KJ, Smith LR. Implications and Lessons Learned While Using Social Media Advertisements to Promote Longitudinal Social Network Study Participation in Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men (LMSM): A Brief Report. J Urban Health 2024; 101:648-652. [PMID: 38625634 PMCID: PMC11189857 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-024-00848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
We assess the effectiveness of paid ads on social media platforms as a research recruitment tool with Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM). We deployed four paid ad campaigns July-September 2022 in English and Spanish on Meta and Grindr featuring happy or risqué images of LMSM, documenting engagement and cost metrics. The four campaigns generated a total of 1,893,738 impressions and 1078 clicks (0.057 click-through rate) with a total cost of $7,989.39. Of the 58 people who accessed the study screener, 31 completed it (53.4%), 13 were eligible (22.4%), but none enrolled. Comparing platforms, Meta had higher engagement metrics than Grindr, while Grindr had higher proportions of those who completed the screener (57.9%) and were eligible (26.3%) than Meta (52.6% and 21.0%, respectively). Challenges to using paid ads as an LMSM recruitment tool included intersecting pandemics (Mpox, COVID-19), and limited connection between platforms and staff for study enrollment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel B Algarin
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N 3rd St., Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Anthony Cirilo
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eileen V Pitpitan
- School of Social Work, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Gutierrez
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Keith J Horvath
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Laramie R Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Hamilton B, Brown A, Montagner-Moraes S, Comeras-Chueca C, Bush PG, Guppy FM, Pitsiladis YP. Strength, power and aerobic capacity of transgender athletes: a cross-sectional study. Br J Sports Med 2024; 58:586-597. [PMID: 38599680 PMCID: PMC11137468 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-108029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare standard laboratory performance metrics of transgender athletes to cisgender athletes. METHODS 19 cisgender men (CM) (mean±SD, age: 37±9 years), 12 transgender men (TM) (age: 34±7 years), 23 transgender women (TW) (age: 34±10 years) and 21 cisgender women (CW) (age: 30±9 years) underwent a series of standard laboratory performance tests, including body composition, lung function, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, strength and lower body power. Haemoglobin concentration in capillary blood and testosterone and oestradiol in serum were also measured. RESULTS In this cohort of athletes, TW had similar testosterone concentration (TW 0.7±0.5 nmol/L, CW 0.9±0.4 nmol/), higher oestrogen (TW 742.4±801.9 pmol/L, CW 336.0±266.3 pmol/L, p=0.045), higher absolute handgrip strength (TW 40.7±6.8 kg, CW 34.2±3.7 kg, p=0.01), lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s:forced vital capacity ratio (TW 0.83±0.07, CW 0.88±0.04, p=0.04), lower relative jump height (TW 0.7±0.2 cm/kg; CW 1.0±0.2 cm/kg, p<0.001) and lower relative V̇O2max (TW 45.1±13.3 mL/kg/min/, CW 54.1±6.0 mL/kg/min, p<0.001) compared with CW athletes. TM had similar testosterone concentration (TM 20.5±5.8 nmol/L, CM 24.8±12.3 nmol/L), lower absolute hand grip strength (TM 38.8±7.5 kg, CM 45.7±6.9 kg, p=0.03) and lower absolute V̇O2max (TM 3635±644 mL/min, CM 4467±641 mL/min p=0.002) than CM. CONCLUSION While longitudinal transitioning studies of transgender athletes are urgently needed, these results should caution against precautionary bans and sport eligibility exclusions that are not based on sport-specific (or sport-relevant) research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair Hamilton
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
- School of Applied Sciences University, Brighton, UK
| | - Andrew Brown
- School of Applied Sciences University, Brighton, UK
| | | | | | - Peter G Bush
- School of Applied Sciences University, Brighton, UK
| | | | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Kim K, Yoon H. Effectiveness of a mobile-based return to work program for decent return to work, fatigue, stress, and quality of working life among cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv 2024:10.1007/s11764-024-01570-x. [PMID: 38769245 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-024-01570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop a smartphone mobile application-based supportive return to work (RTW) program for cancer survivors and evaluate its effects on their RTW, fatigue, stress, and quality of working life. This program was developed through a comprehensive process involving literature review, interviews with cancer survivors, and consultations with experts. METHODS A non-equivalent control group pre- and post-test design was used, with 41 participants assigned to the experimental (n = 18) and control (n = 23) groups based on recruitment timing. The experimental group received a 6-week smartphone mobile application-based supportive RTW program comprising "Counseling and Education" and "Self-Management." Participants completed assessments of decent RTW, fatigue, stress, and quality of working life at baseline and 6 months later. The experimental group completed an additional post-program completion survey. RESULTS During the 6-week program, no experimental group participants dropped out. The program's impact on decent RTW remains unclear. Fatigue (F = 2.52, p = 0.095) and quality of working life (F = 0.86, p = 0.434) did not show statistically significant differences. However, there was a significant reduction in stress (F = 4.59, p = 0.017). CONCLUSION The smartphone application-based RTW program, focusing on self-management and counseling, effectively reduced participants' stress levels. To further evaluate the effectiveness of the program, a more diverse range of interventions and ongoing programs should be implemented. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This study underscores the importance of tailored digital interventions to support the RTW of cancer survivors. The use of mobile smartphone applications allows temporal and spatial flexibility in program participation. Interventions involving various activities should be implemented to ensure ongoing participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisook Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyohyeon Yoon
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84, Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Crowther ME, Ferguson SA, Gupta CC, Reynolds AC. The Development and Validation of the Health Belief Model for Shift Workers (HBM-SW) Scale. Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:353-377. [PMID: 37807653 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2023.2265520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shift work is associated with circadian misalignment, sleep loss, and suboptimal health behaviors, which may contribute to longer term negative health outcomes. To inform future interventions for shift workers, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate the Health Belief Model for Shift Workers (HBM-SW) scale. METHODS The HBM-SW development involved a seven-step process, including a literature review, expert panel analysis, cognitive interviews with shift workers, and a trial with a pilot sample of shift workers (n = 153). Utilizing exploratory factor analysis for factor identification and item reduction, the developed scale loaded on seven factors in line with the theoretical framework of the Health Belief Model: Perceived Threat, Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, Perceived Barriers, Cues to Action, Self-efficacy, and Health Motivation. Validation of the scale was conducted utilizing Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and Food Frequency Questionnaire. RESULTS The pilot sample had an average age of 34.0 (18.0) years, was majority female (54.2%), with an average of 8.0 (11.0) years shift work experience. The HBM-SW showed good - excellent (α = 0.74-0.93) internal consistency and moderate - good (ICC = 0.64-0.89) test re-test reliability. Using health behavior outcome measures, the HBM-SW scale showed meaningful correlations with sleep quality, sleep duration, diet quality and leisure time physical activity, and acceptable validity and reliability. Further testing should be conducted in a larger sample to facilitate confirmatory factor analysis. CONCLUSIONS The developed Health Belief Model for Shift Workers scale is likely beneficial for use in future studies of interventions for shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E Crowther
- Appleton Institute, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sally A Ferguson
- Appleton Institute, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Charlotte C Gupta
- Appleton Institute, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amy C Reynolds
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (Sleep Health), Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Kendrick J, Duffy L, Ye L, Burke P. College students' motivations for using fitness related technology. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1224-1232. [PMID: 35575785 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2071622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose was to understand college students' motivations for the use and discontinued use of fitness related technology (FRT) in relation to their physical activity behaviors. Participants: Participants were undergraduate students (n = 22) who were eligible if they were between 18-24 years of age (emerging adulthood) and current or previous users of FRT. Methods: Qualitative descriptive design was used with semi-structured interviews conducted virtually. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Participants discussed four themes; (1) Motivations for physical activity, (2) Motivations for using FRT, (3) Social connection improves accountability for physical activity, and (4) The ups and downs of FRT goal setting and data display. Conclusions: Best practice guidelines need to be established for the use of FRT along with approaches to promote physical activity among this population. Additional research is needed to identify reasons for discontinuation of use and to develop potential interventions to promote sustained engagement with FRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kendrick
- School of Nursing, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lisa Duffy
- School of Nursing, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lichuan Ye
- School of Nursing, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pamela Burke
- School of Nursing, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Lockhart J, Knapp MB, Feehan AK, Latimer S, Walter A, Craft BN, Quantz YP, Frugé H, Sylvester Terry M, Arceneaux EE, Kimball M. Implementation and Process Evaluation of Alcohol Free for 40: Community-Based Programming to Reduce Alcohol Consumption. Health Promot Pract 2024; 25:436-444. [PMID: 36600627 DOI: 10.1177/15248399221142633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is known to increase risk for chronic diseases and other negative health outcomes. Abstinence, even temporary, from alcohol consumption can have positive health impacts. In this article, we describe implementation and process evaluation of Ochsner Eat Fit's Alcohol Free for 40 (AFF40), an annual, 40-day voluntary alcohol abstinence challenge that takes place in six regions of Louisiana. Participants are challenged to abstain from alcohol consumption for 40 days to promote behavior change. To support participants' success, staff conduct pre and post metrics (physical and laboratory) and host community-based events to encourage replacement behaviors. Process evaluation included measures of reach, recruitment, dose, and fidelity through tracking of participant registrations, an exit survey, media analytics, and program activity logs. In 2021, 493 participants enrolled in AFF40, with 347 completing laboratory metrics and 298 completing physical metrics. Majority of exit survey respondents (74.5%) reported no alcohol consumption during the 40-day challenge and that they planned to participate in AFF40 2022 (90.9%). The Eat Fit team documented moderate engagement (48.7% of enrolled participants) in program events. Social and digital impressions and page views recorded 23,591 hits while print media resulted in over 750,000 impressions. AFF40 has shown to be highly engaging for participants and effective in supporting temporary abstinence from alcohol. Incorporating stronger methods and evaluation will enhance future program implementation and community impact. Lessons learned and implications for practice are transferable to other community-based efforts to reduce alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan B Knapp
- Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Amy K Feehan
- Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
- The University of Queensland and Ochsner Clinical School, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Anna Walter
- Ochsner LSU Health Shreveport-Academic Medical Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - Yvette P Quantz
- Ochsner Lafayette General Medical Center, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | - Hope Frugé
- Ochsner LSU Health Shreveport-Monroe Medical Center, Monroe, LA, USA
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Falemban R, Wilmut K, Hurst H, Purcell C. Roadside experiences of parents of children with developmental coordination disorder and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1339043. [PMID: 38660013 PMCID: PMC11039856 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1339043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pedestrians are a vulnerable group at the roadside and previous research has identified that children with DCD and ADHD are at a heightened risk of pedestrian injuries. Despite this, limited research has explored parental perspectives of the pedestrian risks faced by children with DCD and/or ADHD. Understanding parents' perspectives provides a unique insight into the challenges children face every day and the concerns that parents perceive regarding their children's safety as pedestrians. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore parents' perspectives of the pedestrian risks faced by their children with DCD and/or ADHD. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 parents of primary school and early secondary school aged children with age range 7-17. The participants were divided into three groups based on their children's conditions: DCD group (10-17 years, n = 3), ADHD group (7-13 years, n = 5), and co-occurring group (7-16 years, n = 6). All parents confirmed an existing diagnosis and completed the SNAP-IV and DCDQ as screening tools. The interviews explored parents' perspectives regarding their children's pedestrian behaviors, parents' concerns and preventative measures taken to improve the pedestrian safety of their children with DCD and/or ADHD. Reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken to analyze the interviews, from which three themes were developed. Results The first theme related to the challenges experienced by children at the roadside; parents emphasized the significance of structured and controlled pedestrian crossing sites, underlining their preference for designated crossings as safer options due to their heightened perceptions of risk associated with other road-crossing locations. The second theme: parental concerns and influences on children's road safety referred to their children's performance and safety at the roadside, leading to increased monitoring and a more protective approach to road crossing. The third theme: road safety education related to various strategies parents implemented to mitigate risks, while balancing independence and prioritizing their safety. Discussion While there were commonalities in the challenges faced by children with DCD and/or ADHD at the roadside, there were also notable differences. Parents of children with DCD discussed challenges with spatial awareness and motor skills, whereas parents of children with ADHD discussed challenges with impulsivity and inattention. Parents of children with co-occurring DCD and ADHD described a complex interplay of these challenges. It is evident from the interviews that children with DCD and/or ADHD require a distinct approach to develop their pedestrian skills effectively and parents reported specific strategies they used to address the risks associated with their children's roadside behavior. Promoting pedestrian safety for children with DCD and/or ADHD necessitates collaboration among parents, schools and local authorities to implement comprehensive measures ensuring their safety. These findings contribute to understanding parental experiences and needs, providing valuable guidance for targeted interventions and policies to enhance the road safety of children with DCD and/or ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Falemban
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University,, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Wilmut
- Centre for Psychological Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Hurst
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Purcell
- School of Healthcare Sciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Hoopsick RA, Las S, Sun R. Differential effects of healthcare worker burnout on psychotropic medication use and misuse by occupational level. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:669-679. [PMID: 37272959 PMCID: PMC10240107 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Burnout has been well examined among physicians and other high-wage, high-autonomy healthcare positions. However, lower-wage healthcare workers with less workplace autonomy (e.g., medical assistants, nurses' aides) represent a substantial proportion of the workforce, but remain understudied. We aimed to examine the effects of burnout on psychotropic medication use and misuse and whether these effects differed by occupational level. METHODS In March 2022, we collected data from a diverse sample of US healthcare workers (N = 200) and examined the cross-sectional relationship between burnout and changes in prescribed psychotropic medication (i.e., starting, stopping, and/or having a change in the dose/frequency) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also separately examined the relationship between burnout and psychotropic medication misuse (i.e., without a prescription, in greater amounts, more often, longer than prescribed, and/or for a reason other than prescribed). We stratified models by occupational level (prescribers/healthcare administrators vs. other healthcare workers). RESULTS Greater burnout was associated with higher odds of changes in prescribed psychotropic medication among prescribers/healthcare administrators (aOR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.01, 1.48), but not among other healthcare workers (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.98, 1.10). Greater burnout was not associated with psychotropic medication misuse among prescribers/healthcare administrators (aOR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.82, 1.12) but was associated with increased odds of psychotropic medication misuse among other healthcare workers (aOR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.01, 1.14). CONCLUSIONS Potential disparities in help-seeking and healthcare access might manifest in non-medical use of prescription drugs among some healthcare workers, which has implications for worker safety and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Hoopsick
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1206 S. Fourth St., 2017 Khan Annex, Huff Hall, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| | - Sylvia Las
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1206 S. Fourth St., 2017 Khan Annex, Huff Hall, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Rachel Sun
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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13
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Benedict C, Ford JS, Schapira L, Davis A, Simon P, Spiegel D, Diefenbach M. Preliminary testing of "roadmap to parenthood" decision aid and planning tool for family building after cancer: Results of a single-arm pilot study. Psychooncology 2024; 33:e6323. [PMID: 38629761 PMCID: PMC11182040 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many young adult female cancer survivors need to use reproductive medicine, surrogacy, or adoption to have a child. This study pilot tested Roadmap to Parenthood, a web-based, self-guided decision aid and planning tool for family building after cancer (disease agnostic). METHODS A single-arm pilot study tested feasibility, acceptability, and obtained effect size estimates of the Roadmap tool. Participants, recruited via hospital-based and social media strategies, completed a baseline survey (T1), accessed the Roadmap tool (website), then completed surveys at one- and 3-months (T2 and T3, respectively). Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated with rates of eligibility, enrollment, and survey completion, and feedback. Pairwise t-tests and repeated measures ANOVA evaluated usage effects. Effect size estimates were calculated. RESULTS Participants (N = 98) averaged 31 years old (SD = 5.61); 71% were nulliparous. Enrollment rate was 73%, T1-T2 completion rate was 80%, and 93% accessed the website. From T1-T2, participants reported improvements in decisional conflict (p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 0.85), unmet information needs (p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 0.70), self-efficacy (p = 0.003; Cohen's d = 0.40), and self-efficacy for managing negative emotions (p = 0.03; Cohen's d = 0.29); effects were sustained at T3. There was no change in reproductive distress (p = 0.22). By T3, 94% reported increased consideration of preparatory actions and 20%-61% completed such actions. CONCLUSIONS The Roadmap intervention was feasible to conduct, acceptable to users, and led to improvements in key psychosocial outcomes. Future directions will test intervention efficacy in a randomized controlled trial with a larger sample and over a longer period. A web-based tool may help women make decisions about family building after cancer and prepare for potential challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Benedict
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Jennifer S. Ford
- Hunter College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY
| | | | - Alexandra Davis
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Pamela Simon
- Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital at Stanford, Palo Alto, CA
| | - David Spiegel
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Michael Diefenbach
- Center for Health Innovation and Outcomes Research, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY
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14
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Padula CB, Ball S, Wyman MF, Evans K, Grant H, Periyakoil VS, Zhu CW, Yaffe K, Huang GD. INviting Veterans InTo Enrollment in Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (INVITE-ADRC): An NIA and VA-sponsored initiative to increase veteran participation in aging and dementia research. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:3088-3098. [PMID: 38348782 PMCID: PMC11032542 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Older military veterans often present with unique and complex risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. Increasing veteran participation in research studies offers one avenue to advance the field and improve health outcomes. METHODS To this end, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) partnered to build infrastructure, improve collaboration, and intensify targeted recruitment of veterans. This initiative, INviting Veterans InTo Enrollment in Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (INVITE-ADRC), provided funding for five sites and cross-site organizing structure. Diverse and innovative recruitment strategies were used. RESULTS Across five sites, 172 veterans entered registries, and 99 were enrolled into ADRC studies. Of the enrolled, 39 were veterans from historically underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS This initiative laid the groundwork to establish sustainable relationships between the VA and ADRCs. The partnership between both federal agencies demonstrates how mutual interests can accelerate progress. In turn, efforts can help our aging veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia B. Padula
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System & Stanford University ADRCPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sherry Ball
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System HSR&DClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Mary F. Wyman
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital & University of Wisconsin ADRCMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Kirsten Evans
- James J. Peters VAMC & Mount Sinai ADRCBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Harli Grant
- University of California, San Francisco, ADRC & VA San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Kristine Yaffe
- University of California, San Francisco, ADRC & VA San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Grant D. Huang
- Office of Research and Development, US Department of Veterans AffairsWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
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15
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Garrett C, Qiao S, Tam CC, Li X. Low-Cost Recruitment Approach: Utilizing Facebook Groups to Recruit COVID-19 Long-Haulers. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4078924. [PMID: 38586017 PMCID: PMC10996785 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4078924/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The accessibility of social media (e.g., Facebook groups) presents long-haulers with the ability to connect with others with similar experiences and symptomology that are likely outside of their physical social networks. Social media sites may serve as promising platforms for research recruitment, public health campaigns, or interventions. The present study aims to assess, and comprehensively present, the effectiveness of a low-cost approach to recruitment through groups on Facebook within the context of a broader study of COVID-19 long-haulers. Methods Facebook groups were searched using a variety of COVID-related terminology and included if they were in English, COVID-19 specific, public, and have or were approaching 1,000 or more members. Group administrators were either contacted for permission to post recruitment materials or posts were made and left pending administrator approval, depending on group settings. Group members were able to follow a link to the online survey platform (i.e., RedCap) where they provided informed consent and completed an online assessment of their COVID-19 experiences and psychosocial wellbeing. Upon survey completion participants were able to opt-in to a raffle-based incentive. The characteristics of the Facebook groups and demographic background of participants were assessed. Findings Contacting administrators and posts made between January and March of 2022 within 17 COVID-19 specific groups yielded a sample size of 460 long-haulers. The groups relied upon for recruitment had a mean size of 21,022 (SD=45,645.3), most had three or more administrators (43%), and a majority were state specific (60%). The long-hauler participants enrolled from the posts had an average age of 32 years (SD=6.19), approximately split between men (48.91%) and women (50.22%), a majority white (70%), having earned a bachelor's or postgraduate degree (63.48%), and reporting an annual income between $50,000 and $100,000 (56.09%). Discussion The present study presents strengths and recommendations for survey recruitment through Facebook groups as a low-cost recruitment strategy that is easily targeted to populations with a specific health condition and allows users to complete online psycho-behavioral assessments off-site on a HIPPA compliant survey platform.
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16
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Levin-Dagan N, Hamama L. "Dancing on the edge of the abyss": Posttraumatic growth in men cancer survivors. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2024; 70:102553. [PMID: 38522171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2024.102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surviving cancer can lead to self-perceived beneficial changes and personal growth, commonly referred to as posttraumatic growth. However, the survivorship experience of men following cancer remains understudied. Thus, our objective was to obtain a comprehensive understanding of men's perceptions of the changes in their lives following cancer. METHODS Twenty-four Israeli men who completed cancer treatment participated in five focus group meetings. Data analysis was performed using the thematic analysis method. RESULTS Four themes were identified pertaining to both positive and negative changes in the men's lives following cancer: 1) negative manifestations of cancer survivorship; 2) changes in perceptions of life; 3) changes in perceptions of self; and 4) putting changes into action. CONCLUSION Whereas earlier research indicated a minimal impact of cancer on men survivors' lives, this study demonstrates multidimensional changes in the lives of such men. Findings revealed a dialectic post-cancer experience that consisted of negative manifestations of cancer survivorship co-existing with positive developments in different aspects of the men's lives. Additionally, prioritizing one's self was a novel finding of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Levin-Dagan
- School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Israel; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel.
| | - Liat Hamama
- School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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17
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Jones K, Wilson-Keates B, Melrose S. Using social media to recruit research participants: a literature review. Nurse Res 2024; 32:28-34. [PMID: 38105712 DOI: 10.7748/nr.2023.e1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It may be challenging for researchers to recruit enough participants to have a diverse and representative sample for their studies. Usual recruitment methods that were historically effective can be difficult to use because of high costs, time constraints and geographical limitations. Social media is a low-cost, time-saving alternative. AIM To summarise the benefits and challenges of using social media for recruitment. DISCUSSION This article provides an overview of social media. It considers the advantages of social media for recruitment, including its cost-effectiveness, accessibility, speed and potential exposure for researchers. It also discusses the challenges of using social media for recruitment, including ethical ambiguity, homogenous sampling and questionable validity of information gathered. CONCLUSION Using social media for research saves time and reduces costs, increasing access to hard-to-reach populations and the reach of recruitment efforts. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Options for researchers wishing to use social media for study recruitment are outlined, as are strategies for managing some of the challenges involved in this recruitment method.
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18
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Pandey S, Bohl A, Favari V, Mora P, Phuyal S, Sojková E, Budhathoki M, Thomsen M. Consumers' willingness to buy meat and seafood products close to the expiry date: an exploratory study from Denmark. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1371634. [PMID: 38533462 PMCID: PMC10963504 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1371634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Meat- and seafood products close to their expiry date (MSPCED) are one of the significant contributors to the growing food waste. Therefore, this study aims to investigate consumers' attitudes and willingness to buy MSPCED. Methods An online questionnaire was used to collect data from 400 Danish consumers. Results and discussion Three consumer segments were identified based on their willingness to buy MSPCED: 39.8% of the participants showed a high willingness to buy MSPCED close to their expiry date ("All High"), 34.5% were selective with a high willingness to buy meat close to their expiry date but not seafood ("High meat, low seafood"), while 25.7% showed a low willingness to buy MSPCED ("All Low"). Consumers' willingness to buy MSPCED is influenced by the perceived quality of the products, food safety, social acceptability, and price. Consumers were willing to pay a higher price for minced beef close to the expiry date when compared to cod fillets, pork cuts, and chicken breasts. However, consumers were willing to buy cod fillets with the lowest discount percentage when compared to pork cuts, minced beef, and chicken breast. The findings suggest that price reduction and discount percentage can have varying effects in influencing willingness to pay for MSPCED. This study provides valuable insights, for food waste practitioners in the retail sector, to develop effective strategies for reducing food waste by influencing consumer willingness to buy and pay for perishable products like meat and seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujita Pandey
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Amanda Bohl
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Vittoria Favari
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Pietro Mora
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Sudikshya Phuyal
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Eliška Sojková
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mausam Budhathoki
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Marianne Thomsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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19
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Hogan AH, Herbst KW, Defelice C, Schulman N, Adams AM, Carroll CL, Salazar JC. Going Viral: Assessing the Impact of Social Media on Enrollment in a Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cohort Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e56096. [PMID: 38618422 PMCID: PMC11009901 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to quantify the effect of social media posts on study enrollment among children with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods The primary outcome was weekly study enrollments analyzed using a run chart. A secondary analysis used linear regression to assess study enrollments two days before and after a social media post, adjusted for the statewide pediatric seven-day-average severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) case rate, social media posting day, and the interaction of these two variables. Results In seven months before social media posting, only eight patients were enrolled. One week after social media posting began, the median weekly enrollment increased (0 to 3). In the regression model, neither social media post day nor the pediatric SARS-CoV-2 case rate was significantly associated with enrollment rate. However, the interaction of a post day and the pediatric case rate was significant. Conclusion Social media posts significantly increased enrollment among children with mild COVID-19 in a prospective study. This effect was amplified by the presence of high community case rates during the Omicron wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Hogan
- Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
| | - Katherine W Herbst
- Department of Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, USA
| | - Carlie Defelice
- Department of Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, USA
| | - Noah Schulman
- Department of Research, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, USA
| | - Aaron M Adams
- Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Christopher L Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics, Wolfson Children's Hospital, Jacksonville, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Juan C Salazar
- Division of Infectious Disease, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, USA
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20
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Borg DJ, Haritopoulou-Sinanidou M, Gabrovska P, Tseng HW, Honeyman D, Schweitzer D, Rae KM. Barriers and facilitators for recruiting and retaining male participants into longitudinal health research: a systematic review. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024; 24:46. [PMID: 38389065 PMCID: PMC10882922 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-024-02163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successfully recruiting male participants to complete a healthcare related study is important for healthcare study completion and to advance our clinical knowledgebase. To date, most research studies have examined the barriers and facilitators of female participants in longitudinal healthcare-related studies with limited information available about the needs of males in longitudinal research. This systematic review examines the unique barriers and facilitators to male recruitment across longitudinal healthcare-related research studies. METHODS Following PRIMSA guidelines, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science databases were systematically searched using the terms recruitment and/or retention, facilitators and/or barriers and longitudinal studies from 1900 to 2023 which contained separate data on males aged 17-59 years. Health studies or interventions were defined longitudinal if they were greater than or equal to 12 weeks in duration with 3 separate data collection visits. RESULTS Twenty-four articles published from 1976-2023 met the criteria. One-third of the studies had a predominantly male sample and four studies recruited only male participants. Males appear disinterested towards participation in health research, however this lack of enthusiasm can be overcome by clear, non-directive communication, and studies that support the participants interests. Facilitating factors are diverse and may require substantial time from research teams. CONCLUSIONS Future research should focus on the specific impact of these factors across the spectrum of longitudinal health-related studies. Based on the findings of this systematic review, researchers from longitudinal health-related clinical trials are encouraged to consider male-specific recruitment strategies to ensure successful recruitment and retention in their studies. REGISTRATION This systemic review is registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42021254696).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Borg
- Pregnancy and Development Group, Mater Research - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Pam Gabrovska
- Indigenous Health Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Hsu-Wen Tseng
- Stem Cell Biology Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - David Honeyman
- Library, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Daniel Schweitzer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Mater Health, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Kym M Rae
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia.
- Indigenous Health Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia.
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21
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Onyeaka HK, Chido-Amajuoyi OG, Daskalakis E, Deary EC, Boardman AC, Basiru T, Muoghalu C, Uwandu Q, Baiden P, Nkemjika S, Aneni K, Amonoo HL. Associations between Health-Related Use of Social Media and Positive Lifestyle Behaviors: Findings from a Representative Sample of US Adult Smokers. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:527-535. [PMID: 38037958 PMCID: PMC10922700 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2287199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cigarette smokers have elevated cardiovascular risk factors, which contributes significantly to mortality. Although social media is a potential avenue to deliver smoking interventions, its role in health promotion among smokers remains relatively unexplored.Objective: To examine the uptake and impact of health-related social media use in cigarette smokers.Methods: Using data from the 2017-2020 Health Information National Trends Survey, we evaluated differences in health-related social media use between smokers and nonsmokers. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the association between social media use and positive health behaviors.Results: We included 1863 current smokers and 13,560 nonsmokers; Most participants were women (51.0%), White (64.6%), and 49.2% were aged ≥50 years. Smokers who used ≥1 social media site for health-related purposes in the past year were significantly more likely to meet the guideline recommendations for: (i) weekly physical activity (AOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.23-3.24), (ii) daily vegetable intake (AOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.10-5.59), and (iii) weekly strength training (AOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.10-2.94). However, the odds of reporting intentions to quit smoking (AOR 1.81, 95% CI 0.98-3.34) and attempts at smoking cessation (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 0.90-3.12) did not differ by health-related social media use.Conclusion: Smokers use social media for health-related purposes at comparable rates to nonsmokers. While our findings indicate that these platforms present a novel opportunity for health promotion among smokers, future research exploring the utility of social media in smoking cessation is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry K Onyeaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Onyema G Chido-Amajuoyi
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas Maryland Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Emma C Deary
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Tajudeen Basiru
- Department of Psychiatry, Community Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Chioma Muoghalu
- Department of Pediatrics, Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, NM, USA
| | - Queeneth Uwandu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Philip Baiden
- School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nkemjika
- Department of Psychiatry, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Kammarauche Aneni
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hermioni L Amonoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Chappell E, Arbour L, Laksman Z. The Inclusion of Underrepresented Populations in Cardiovascular Genetics and Epidemiology. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:56. [PMID: 38392270 PMCID: PMC10888590 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel genetic risk markers have helped us to advance the field of cardiovascular epidemiology and refine our current understanding and risk stratification paradigms. The discovery and analysis of variants can help us to tailor prognostication and management. However, populations underrepresented in cardiovascular epidemiology and cardiogenetics research may experience inequities in care if prediction tools are not applicable to them clinically. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to outline the barriers that underrepresented populations can face in participating in genetics research, to describe the current efforts to diversify cardiogenetics research, and to outline strategies that researchers in cardiovascular epidemiology can implement to include underrepresented populations. Mistrust, a lack of diverse research teams, the improper use of sensitive biodata, and the constraints of genetic analyses are all barriers for including diverse populations in genetics studies. The current work is beginning to address the paucity of ethnically diverse genetics research and has already begun to shed light on the potential benefits of including underrepresented and diverse populations. Reducing barriers for individuals, utilizing community-driven research processes, adopting novel recruitment strategies, and pushing for organizational support for diverse genetics research are key steps that clinicians and researchers can take to develop equitable risk stratification tools and improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Chappell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Laura Arbour
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Zachary Laksman
- Department of Medicine and the School of Biomedical Engineering, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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23
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Stoffel ST, Law JH, Kerrison R, Brewer HR, Flanagan JM, Hirst Y. Testing Behavioral Messages to Increase Recruitment to Health Research When Embedded Within Social Media Campaigns on Twitter: Web-Based Experimental Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e48538. [PMID: 38315543 PMCID: PMC10877493 DOI: 10.2196/48538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media is rapidly becoming the primary source to disseminate invitations to the public to consider taking part in research studies. There is, however, little information on how the contents of the advertisement can be communicated to facilitate engagement and subsequently promote intentions to participate in research. OBJECTIVE This paper describes an experimental study that tested different behavioral messages for recruiting study participants for a real-life observational case-control study. METHODS We included 1060 women in a web-based experiment and randomized them to 1 of 3 experimental conditions: standard advertisement (n=360), patient endorsement advertisement (n=345), and social norms advertisement (n=355). After seeing 1 of the 3 advertisements, participants were asked to state (1) their intention to take part in the advertised case-control study, (2) the ease of understanding the message and study aims, and (3) their willingness to be redirected to the website of the case-control study after completing the survey. Individuals were further asked to suggest ways to improve the messages. Intentions were compared between groups using ordinal logistic regression, reported in percentages, adjusted odds ratio (aOR), and 95% CIs. RESULTS Those who were in the patient endorsement and social norms-based advertisement groups had significantly lower intentions to take part in the advertised study compared with those in the standard advertisement group (aOR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.97; P=.03 and aOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.52-0.92; P=.009, respectively). The patient endorsement advertisement was perceived to be more difficult to understand (aOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.48-0.87; P=.004) and to communicate the study aims less clearly (aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55-0.95; P=.01). While the patient endorsement advertisement had no impact on intention to visit the main study website, the social norms advertisement decreased willingness compared with the standard advertisement group (157/355, 44.2% vs 191/360, 53.1%; aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.54-0.99; P=.02). The majority of participants (395/609, 64.8%) stated that the messages did not require changes, but some preferred clearer (75/609, 12.3%) and shorter (59/609, 9.7%) messages. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that adding normative behavioral messages to simulated tweets decreased participant intention to take part in our web-based case-control study, as this made the tweet harder to understand. This suggests that simple messages should be used for participant recruitment through Twitter (subsequently rebranded X).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro T Stoffel
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jing Hui Law
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Kerrison
- School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah R Brewer
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James M Flanagan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yasemin Hirst
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- Applied Health Research Hub, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
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Spies E, Andreu T, Hartung M, Park J, Kamudoni P. Exploring the Perspectives of Patients Living With Lupus: Retrospective Social Listening Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e52768. [PMID: 38306157 PMCID: PMC10873798 DOI: 10.2196/52768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting various organs with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) can manifest as a feature of SLE or an independent skin ailment. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is frequently compromised in individuals living with lupus. Understanding patients' perspectives when living with a disease is crucial for effectively meeting their unmet needs. Social listening is a promising new method that can provide insights into the experiences of patients living with their disease (lupus) and leverage these insights to inform drug development strategies for addressing their unmet needs. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to explore the experience of patients living with SLE and CLE, including their disease and treatment experiences, HRQoL, and unmet needs, as discussed in web-based social media platforms such as blogs and forums. METHODS A retrospective exploratory social listening study was conducted across 13 publicly available English-language social media platforms from October 2019 to January 2022. Data were processed using natural language processing and knowledge graph tagging technology to clean, format, anonymize, and annotate them algorithmically before feeding them to Pharos, a Semalytix proprietary data visualization and analysis platform, for further analysis. Pharos was used to generate descriptive data statistics, providing insights into the magnitude of individual patient experience variables, their differences in the magnitude of variables, and the associations between algorithmically tagged variables. RESULTS A total of 45,554 posts from 3834 individuals who were algorithmically identified as patients with lupus were included in this study. Among them, 1925 (authoring 5636 posts) and 106 (authoring 243 posts) patients were identified as having SLE and CLE, respectively. Patients frequently mentioned various symptoms in relation to SLE and CLE including pain, fatigue, and rashes; pain and fatigue were identified as the main drivers of HRQoL impairment. The most affected aspects of HRQoL included "mobility," "cognitive capabilities," "recreation and leisure," and "sleep and rest." Existing pharmacological interventions poorly managed the most burdensome symptoms of lupus. Conversely, nonpharmacological treatments, such as exercise and meditation, were frequently associated with HRQoL improvement. CONCLUSIONS Patients with lupus reported a complex interplay of symptoms and HRQoL aspects that negatively influenced one another. This study demonstrates that social listening is an effective method to gather insights into patients' experiences, preferences, and unmet needs, which can be considered during the drug development process to develop effective therapies and improve disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paul Kamudoni
- The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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Bonar EE, Tan CY, Fernandez AC, Goldstick JE, Chapman L, Florimbio AR, Walton MA. A social media intervention for high-intensity drinking among emerging adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agae005. [PMID: 38364317 PMCID: PMC10872155 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS High-intensity drinking (HID) is a pattern of risky drinking defined as at least 8 drinks (for women) or 10 drinks (for men) in a single episode. Individuals engaged in HID may be at greater risk for consequences, necessitating tailored interventions. Herein, we report the feasibility and acceptability of a social media-delivered 8-week intervention for emerging adults with recent HID. METHODS Using social media advertising, we recruited 102 emerging adults who reported past-month HID. Average age was 20.0 year-olds (SD = 2.0); 51.0% were male. Most identified as White (64.7%; 14.7% Black/African American, 13.7% multiracial) and 26.5% identified as Hispanic/Latinx. Participants were randomized to an 8-week intervention delivered via Snapchat by health coaches (N = 50) or to a control condition (psychoeducational website referral; N = 52). Follow-ups occurred at 2 and 4 months post-baseline. RESULTS The intervention was acceptable (85.1% liked it/liked it a lot) and there were high follow-up rates. Participants rated coaches as supportive (91.5%) and respectful (93.6%). Descriptively, helpfulness ratings were higher for non-alcohol-related content (e.g. stress; 59.6% very/extremely helpful) than alcohol-related content (40.4% very/extremely helpful). Regarding engagement, 86.0% engaged approximately weekly and 59.6% indicated they saved intervention snaps. Descriptive data showed reductions over time in several measures of alcohol consumption and consequences as well as cannabis-impaired driving and mental health symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This 8-week social media intervention for HID was feasible and acceptable among emerging adults, supporting the benefit of future testing in a fully powered trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Bonar
- Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research & Education Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Chiu Y Tan
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Anne C Fernandez
- Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research & Education Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Jason E Goldstick
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Lyndsay Chapman
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Autumn R Florimbio
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Maureen A Walton
- Michigan Innovations in Addiction Care through Research & Education Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 10, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Rd. Building 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
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Oldham M, Dinu L, Loebenberg G, Field M, Hickman M, Michie S, Brown J, Garnett C. Methodological Insights on Recruitment and Retention From a Remote Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Effectiveness of an Alcohol Reduction App: Descriptive Analysis Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e51839. [PMID: 38180802 PMCID: PMC10799283 DOI: 10.2196/51839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with no in-person contact (ie, remote) between researchers and participants offer savings in terms of cost and time but present unique challenges. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to examine the differences between different forms of remote recruitment (eg, National Health Service [NHS] website, social media, and radio advertising) in the proportion of participants recruited, demographic diversity, follow-up rates, and cost. We also examine the cost per participant of sequential methods of follow-up (emails, phone calls, postal surveys, and postcards). Finally, our experience with broader issues around study advertising and participant deception is discussed. METHODS We conducted a descriptive analysis of 5602 increasing-and-higher-risk drinkers (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score ≥8), taking part in a 2-arm, parallel group, remote RCT with a 1:1 allocation, comparing the intervention (Drink Less app) with usual digital care (NHS alcohol advice web page). Participants were recruited between July 2020 and March 2022 and compensated with gift vouchers of up to £36 (a currency exchange rate of £1=US $1.26988 is applicable) for completing follow-up surveys, with 4 stages of follow-up: email reminders, phone calls, postal survey, and postcard. RESULTS The three main recruitment methods were advertisements on (1) social media (2483/5602, 44.32%), (2) the NHS website (1961/5602, 35.01%), and (3) radio and newspapers (745/5602, 13.3%), with the remaining methods of recruitment accounting 7.37% (413/5602) of the sample. The overall recruitment cost per participant varied from £0 to £11.01. Costs were greater when recruiting participants who were men (£0-£28.85), from an ethnic minority group (£0-£303.81), and more disadvantaged (£0-£49.12). Targeted approaches were useful for recruiting more men but less useful in achieving diversity in ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Follow-up at 6 months was 79.58% (4458/5602). Of those who responded, 92.4% (4119/4458) responded by email. Each additional stage of follow-up resulted in an additional 2-3 percentage points of the overall sample being followed up, although phone calls, postal surveys, and postcards were more resource intensive than email reminders. CONCLUSIONS For remote RCTs, researchers could benefit from using a range of recruitment methods and cost-targeted approaches to achieve demographic diversity. Automated emails with substantial financial incentives for prompt completion can achieve good follow-up rates, and sequential, offline follow-up options, such as phone calls and postal surveys, can further increase follow-up rates but are comparatively expensive. We also make broader recommendations focused on striking the right balance when designing remote RCTs. Careful planning, ongoing maintenance, and dynamic decision-making are required throughout a trial to balance the competing demands of participation among those eligible, deceptive participation among those who are not eligible, and ensuring no postrandomization bias is introduced by data-checking protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Oldham
- University College London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Larisa Dinu
- University College London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Matt Field
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hickman
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Michie
- Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Brown
- University College London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Garnett
- University College London, London, London, United Kingdom
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Klein AJ, Eisenhauer C, Mollard E, Alappattu M, Shade MY, Struwe L, Berger AM. "The constant worry": Urinary incontinence self-management in rural women: A qualitative study. Res Nurs Health 2023; 46:603-615. [PMID: 37792276 DOI: 10.1002/nur.22341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Urinary incontinence (UI) is experienced by approximately 60% of women in the United States and has a negative impact on self-esteem, sexual function, social participation, and quality of life. Rural women, who are underrepresented in the UI literature, face many health disparities and unique barriers to accessing care. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore UI self-management behaviors in rural women with UI, including the contextual factors that influence their approach to self-management. This study recruited rural women, ages 30-60 years, using purposive sampling via social media. Demographic information was collected. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct individual, in-depth interviews via Zoom. Interview data were analyzed using qualitative description. Sections of interview text were coded using a priori and emergent codes, grouped into categories, and distilled into themes. A total of 31 participants (mean age = 47.2 years) met inclusion/exclusion criteria, enrolled, and completed the study. Qualitative analysis revealed rural as a cross-cutting theme and five major themes: self-management behaviors, familial influence, medical encounters, talking about UI, and resource scarcity. Participants described the rural environment as having a substantial impact on their approach to UI self-management. Specifically, rural social enmeshment made seeking care for UI in rural communities challenging. Findings shed light on how the rural environment influences various aspects of UI self-management in midlife women. Diverse perspectives in UI self-management are needed to advance knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey Jo Klein
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Christine Eisenhauer
- Nebraska Total Care Clinical Advisory Board, Centene Corporation, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mollard
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Meryl Alappattu
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Marcia Y Shade
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Leeza Struwe
- Niedfelt Nursing Research Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ann M Berger
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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28
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Dinu LM, Singh SN, Baker NS, Georgescu AL, Overton PG, Dommett EJ. The effects of tryptophan loading on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity in adults: A remote double blind randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294911. [PMID: 38033150 PMCID: PMC10688902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the impact and prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), current treatment options remain limited and there is a drive for alternative approaches, including those building on evidence of a role for tryptophan (TRP) and serotonin (5-HT). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute TRP loading on attention and impulsivity in adults with ADHD. TRIAL DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a remote double blind randomised controlled trial (RCT) using TRP loading to examine the effects of a balanced amino acid load in comparison to low and high TRP loading in individuals with ADHD (medicated, N = 48, and unmedicated, N = 46) and controls (N = 50). Participants were randomised into one of three TRP treatment groups using stratified randomisation considering participant group and gender using a 1:1:1 ratio. Baseline testing of attention and impulsivity using the Test of Variables of Attention Task, Delay Discounting Task, and Iowa Gambling Task was followed by consumption of a protein drink (BAL, LOW, or HIGH TRP) before repeated testing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS No effects of TRP were observed for any of the measures. In the present study, TRP loading did not impact on any measure of attention or impulsivity in those with ADHD or Controls. The findings need to be confirmed in another trial with a larger number of patients that also considers additional measures of dietary protein, plasma TRP and aggression. (Registration ID ISRCTN15119603).
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa M. Dinu
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samriddhi N. Singh
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neo S. Baker
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra L. Georgescu
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G. Overton
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Cathedral Court, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor J. Dommett
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Landers A, Cahill C, McCall P, Kaw A, Brown H, McKenzie C, Agar M, Yenson V, Clarke K, Windsor J. Recruitment of participants with pancreatic cancer to a mixed media study for optimal recruitment in an Australasian survey of pancreatic enzyme replacement. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076242. [PMID: 38035745 PMCID: PMC10689358 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is relatively rare and aggressive, with digestion and malabsorption issues often leading to significant weight loss. Recruitment of people with this malignancy into studies can be challenging, and innovative methods need to be explored to improve recruitment rates. AIM To describe a mixed media methodology and the outcomes used to recruit patients to participate in a binational survey. METHODS The details of the mixed media method used to identify and recruit people with pancreatic cancer are described. This method was used to investigate pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy use in people with pancreatic cancer across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. RESULTS The mixed media approach was successful in reaching 334 participants from a range of ethnicities and regions. Results showed that social media platforms were notably more efficient and cost-effective than radio and newspaper but required additional expertise, including graphic design and media strategy knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Social media is an effective and efficient method of recruiting people with pancreatic cancer to a national survey. Studies using media to recruit patients may need to include team members with a range of skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Landers
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Charlotte Cahill
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Poppy McCall
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anu Kaw
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Helen Brown
- Nurse Maude Hospice and Community Palliative Care, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Clare McKenzie
- Nurse Maude Hospice and Community Palliative Care, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Meera Agar
- IMPACCT Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vanessa Yenson
- IMPACCT Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kate Clarke
- Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - John Windsor
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Tsiouris A, Mayer A, Wiltink J, Ruckes C, Beutel ME, Zwerenz R. Recruitment of Patients With Cancer for a Clinical Trial Evaluating a Web-Based Psycho-Oncological Intervention: Secondary Analysis of a Diversified Recruitment Strategy in a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Cancer 2023; 9:e42123. [PMID: 38010774 DOI: 10.2196/42123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participant recruitment poses challenges in psycho-oncological intervention research, such as psycho-oncological web-based intervention studies. Strict consecutive recruitment in clinical settings provides important methodological benefits but is often associated with low response rates and reduced practicability and ecological validity. In addition to preexisting recruitment barriers, the protective measures owing to the COVID-19 pandemic restricted recruitment activities in the clinical setting since March 2020. OBJECTIVE This study aims to outline the recruitment strategy for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the unguided emotion-based psycho-oncological online self-help (epos), which combined traditional and web-based recruitment. METHODS We developed a combined recruitment strategy including traditional (eg, recruitment in clinics, medical practices, cancer counseling centers, and newspapers) and web-based recruitment (Instagram, Facebook, and web pages). Recruitment was conducted between May 2020 and September 2021. Eligible participants for this study were adult patients with any type of cancer who were currently receiving treatment or in posttreatment care. They were also required to have a good command of the German language and access to a device suitable for web-based interventions, such as a laptop or computer. RESULTS We analyzed data from 304 participants who were enrolled in a 17-month recruitment period using various recruitment strategies. Web-based and traditional recruitment strategies led to comparable numbers of participants (151/304, 49.7% vs 153/304, 50.3%). However, web-based recruitment required much less effort. Regardless of the recruitment strategy, the total sample did not accurately represent patients with cancer currently undergoing treatment for major types of cancer in terms of various sociodemographic characteristics, including but not limited to sex and age. However, among the web-recruited study participants, the proportion of female participants was even higher (P<.001), the mean age was lower (P=.005), private internet use was higher (on weekdays: P=.007; on weekends: P=.02), and the number of those who were currently under treatment was higher (P=.048). Other demographic and medical characteristics revealed no significant differences between the groups. The majority of participants registered as self-referred (236/296, 79.7%) instead of having followed the recommendation of or study invitation from a health care professional. CONCLUSIONS The combined recruitment strategy helped overcome general and COVID-19-specific recruitment barriers and provided the targeted participant number. Social media recruitment was the most efficient individual recruitment strategy for participant enrollment. Differences in some demographic and medical characteristics emerged, which should be considered in future analyses. Implications and recommendations for social media recruitment based on personal experiences are presented. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00021144; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00021144. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1016/j.invent.2021.100410.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Tsiouris
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Mayer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Wiltink
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Ruckes
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Trials, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Zwerenz
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Sheng J, Lei H, Wu HS, Abshire DA, Wirth MD, Heiney SP. Physical Activity and Breast Cancer Prevention Among Chinese American Women: A Qualitative Descriptive Study. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1218-1231. [PMID: 37696001 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231197372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a modifiable behavioral risk factor for breast cancer. Chinese American women have an increased breast cancer incidence and a low prevalence of meeting physical activity (PA) recommendations, yet little is known about their knowledge and experience regarding PA and breast cancer prevention. Given the significant cultural differences between Eastern and Western societies, effective interventions to promote PA among Chinese American women require understanding their knowledge levels regarding PA in breast cancer prevention and their PA experiences through a cultural lens. This qualitative descriptive study used virtual semi-structured individual interviews to explore Chinese American women's knowledge and perception of PA, their understanding of the role of PA in breast cancer prevention, and influence of culture and acculturation on PA experience. Twenty-one Chinese American women residing in eight states were interviewed. Using thematic analysis, four themes emerged: A limited appreciation of the preventability of breast cancer, variability in PA perception, Chinese culture norms and lifestyles influencing PA behavior, and the influence of the process of acculturation on PA behavior. Chinese American women had a limited understanding of PA in breast cancer prevention. Chinese culture, lifestyles, and traditional Chinese medicine positively and negatively influence Chinese American women's PA behaviors. When exposed to American culture, Chinese American women tended to adopt new PA behaviors, including increasing leisure-time PA while decreasing occupation- and transportation-related PA. Interventions to increase PA and reduce breast cancer risk among Chinese American women should address cultural factors and acculturation along with education and behavioral change strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxi Sheng
- University of South Carolina College of Nursing, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Hao Lei
- University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Horng-Shiuann Wu
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Michael D Wirth
- University of South Carolina College of Nursing, Columbia, SC, USA
- Michigan State University College of Nursing, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sue P Heiney
- University of South Carolina College of Nursing, Columbia, SC, USA
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Ejem DB, Wechsler S, Gallups S, Khalidi S, Coffee-Dunning J, Montgomery AP, Stevens CJ, Keene K, Rocque GB, Chamberlin M, Hegel MT, Azuero A, Pisu M, Ellis D, Ingram SA, Lawhon VM, Gilbert T, Morrissette K, Morency J, Thorp K, Codini M, Newman R, Echols J, Cloyd D, dos Anjos S, Muse C, Goedeken S, Laws KE, Herbert J, Bakitas M, Lyons KD. Enhancing Efficiency and Reach Using Facebook to Recruit Breast Cancer Survivors for a Telephone-Based Supportive Care Randomized Trial During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JCO Oncol Pract 2023; 19:1020-1030. [PMID: 37733975 PMCID: PMC10667016 DOI: 10.1200/op.23.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence supporting social media-based recruitment of cancer survivors is limited. This paper describes how we used Facebook during the COVID-19 pandemic to augment our recruitment of breast cancer survivors for our two-site telephone-based randomized clinical trial (RCT) at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and the University of Alabama at Birmingham. METHODS Originally a two-site RCT of a telephone-delivered breast cancer survivorship intervention, we extended our clinic-based recruitment to Facebook. Participant characteristics, geographic reach, and baseline outcomes were compared across recruitment sources (ie, two clinics and Facebook) using descriptive statistics and effect sizes. RESULTS Enrollment rates (20%-29%) were comparable across recruitment sources. The 21-month Facebook marketing campaign accounted for 59% (n = 179/303) of our total sample and had the greatest geographic reach, recruiting women from 24 states. The Facebook campaign reached a total of 51,787 unique individuals and cost $88.44 in US dollars (USD) per enrolled participant. Clinic samples had a greater proportion of women who were widowed (8% v 1%; P = .03) and Facebook had a higher proportion of women with a household income over $40,000 USD (83% v 71%; P = .02). There were no statistically significant differences between Facebook and the two clinics on baseline survey scores. CONCLUSION Augmenting traditional recruitment with Facebook increased our RCT's geographic and sociodemographic reach and supported meeting recruitment goals in a timely way. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, cancer survivorship researchers should consider using social media as a recruitment strategy while weighing the advantages and potential biases introduced through such strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah B. Ejem
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Stephen Wechsler
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
| | - Sarah Gallups
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sarah Khalidi
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Aoyjay P. Montgomery
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al
| | | | - Kimberly Keene
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Gabrielle B. Rocque
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Divisions of Hematology & Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Mary Chamberlin
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health, Lebanon, NH
| | - Mark T. Hegel
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health, Lebanon, NH
| | - Andres Azuero
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Maria Pisu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Daphne Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health, Lebanon, NH
| | - Stacey A. Ingram
- Divisions of Hematology & Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Valerie M. Lawhon
- Divisions of Hematology & Oncology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Tiffany Gilbert
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health, Lebanon, NH
| | - Kali Morrissette
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health, Lebanon, NH
| | - Jamme Morency
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Karen Thorp
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Megan Codini
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH
| | - Robin Newman
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer Echols
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Danielle Cloyd
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Sarah dos Anjos
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Colleen Muse
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
| | - Susan Goedeken
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kristen Elizabeth Laws
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
| | - Jennae Herbert
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
| | - Marie Bakitas
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology, and Palliative Care, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Kathleen D. Lyons
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA
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Conley CC, Rodriguez JD, McIntyre M, Brownstein NC, Niell BL, O'Neill SC, Vadaparampil ST. Self-reported barriers to screening breast MRI among women at high risk for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 202:345-355. [PMID: 37640965 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07085-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annual screening breast MRI is recommended for women at high (≥ 20% lifetime) breast cancer risk, but is underutilized. Guided by the Health Services Utilization Model (HSUM), we assessed factors associated with screening breast MRI among high-risk women. METHODS From August 2020-January 2021, we recruited an online convenience sample of high-risk women ages 25-85 (N = 232). High-risk was defined as: pathogenic genetic mutation in self or first-degree relative; history of lobular carcinoma in situ; history of thoracic radiation; or estimated lifetime risk ≥ 20%. Participants self-reported predisposing factors (breast cancer knowledge, health locus of control), enabling factors (health insurance type, social support), need factors (perceived risk, screening-supportive social norms, provider recommendation), and prior receipt of screening breast MRI. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with backward selection identified HSUM factors associated with receipt of screening breast MRI. RESULTS About half (51%) of participants had received a provider recommendation for screening breast MRI; only 32% had ever received a breast MRI. Breast cancer knowledge (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.04-1.27) and screening-supportive social norms (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64-2.97) were positively related to breast MRI receipt. No other HSUM variables were associated with breast MRI receipt (all p's > 0.1). CONCLUSIONS High-risk women reported low uptake of screening breast MRI, indicating a gap in guideline-concordant care. Breast cancer knowledge and screening-supportive social norms are two key areas to target in future interventions. Data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic and generalizability of results is unclear. Future studies with larger, more heterogeneous samples are needed to replicate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C Conley
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 300, 20007, Washington, DC, USA.
| | | | - McKenzie McIntyre
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Health Outcomes and Behavior Program, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Naomi C Brownstein
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bethany L Niell
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
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Oudat Q, Bakas T. Merits and Pitfalls of Social Media as a Platform for Recruitment of Study Participants. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e47705. [PMID: 37819692 PMCID: PMC10600643 DOI: 10.2196/47705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient and effective methods of recruiting participants for studies have characteristically come with many challenges. The unprecedented rise of social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram has revolutionized the ease of recruiting participants as compared to more traditional methods such as newspaper or radio advertisements. While these new advancements may seem to increase the success of recruitment, they are not without their own faults and limitations. In this paper, we intend to dissect the advantages and disadvantages of social media platforms in recruiting participants. Specifically, we will discuss the advantages of targeted and rapid recruitment, engagement, and cost reduction as well as the disadvantages of representativeness, privacy concerns, limited control, and limited access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qutaibah Oudat
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tamilyn Bakas
- College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Buckler EJ, González ODJ, Ball GDC, Hamilton J, Ho J, Morrison KM, Mâsse LC. Recruiting families using social media versus pediatric obesity clinics: A secondary analysis of the Aim2Be RCT. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 133:107322. [PMID: 37661006 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recruitment of participants continues to be a challenge that researchers must overcome to yield successful study results. Over the past decade, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of social media platforms to recruit research participants. We conducted a secondary analysis of the Aim2Be randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine if there was variability between participants recruited via social media versus pediatric obesity clinics. METHODS Parents and their children living with overweight or obesity were recruited through social media (i.e., Facebook advertisements) (n = 119) or pediatric obesity management clinics (n = 95) to participate in the Aim2Be RCT. We compared recruitment costs, recruitment rate, participant retention, intervention engagement, obesity-related risk factors, and behavioral habits. RESULTS Facebook recruitment resulted in more participant contacts, but higher attrition during 'high effort' stages of the recruitment process. Group differences emerged regarding costs (Facebook: $407 versus clinics: $699). There were no group differences in participant retention or intervention engagement. Families recruited from Facebook were younger parents (42.6 versus 46.0 years; p < 0.001) and children (12.2 versus 13.9 years; p < 0.001), a higher percentage male children, and fewer had previously participated in a pediatric weight management program. Parents recruited from Facebook self-reported greater screen time for themselves, and their children reported lower physical activity levels and higher caloric and sugar intake. CONCLUSIONS Social media and clinical site recruitment are complementary strategies that appear to draw in families with different profiles, but regardless of how they were recruited, all families had the potential to benefit from pediatric obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jean Buckler
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada; Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Olivia De-Jongh González
- School of Population and Public Health, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 938 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
| | - Geoff D C Ball
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11405-87 Avenue Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada.
| | - Jill Hamilton
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
| | - Josephine Ho
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Katherine M Morrison
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, 3A, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Louise C Mâsse
- School of Population and Public Health, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 938 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada.
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Huang AE, Chan EP, Stave CM, Patel ZM, Hwang PH, Chang MT. Social Media Utilization in Otolaryngology: A Scoping Review. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2447-2456. [PMID: 36807152 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social media (SM) is an increasingly popular medium for the medical community to engage with patients, trainees, and colleagues. This review aimed to identify reported uses of SM in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS), assess the quality of evidence supporting these uses, and identify gaps in the literature. With the relative lack of regulatory guidelines for the development of SM content, we hypothesized that the quality of content available on SM would be highly variable. DATA SOURCES AND METHODS A scoping review was performed of English-language peer-reviewed studies published to date discussing SM use in any form within OHNS. Three reviewers independently screened all abstracts. Two reviewers independently extracted data of interest from the full text of articles identified from the preliminary abstract screen. RESULTS 171 studies were included, with 94 (54.9%) studies published between 2020 and 2022. 104 (60.8%) studies were conducted in the US. 135 (78.9%) used cross-sectional or survey-based methodology; only 7 (4.1%) were controlled studies. SM was most commonly employed for professional networking (n = 37 [21%]), and within subspecialties of otology (n = 38 [22%]) and rhinology/allergy (n = 25 [15%]). Facebook was most frequently used for study recruitment (n = 23 [13.5%]), YouTube for patient education (n = 15 [14.6%]), and Twitter for professional networking (n = 16 [9.4%]). CONCLUSION SM use within OHNS is increasing rapidly, with applications including patient education, professional networking, and study recruitment. Despite myriad articles, there remains a paucity of well-controlled studies. As SM becomes integrated into healthcare, particularly for applications directly impacting patient care, higher levels of evidence are needed to understand its true impact. Laryngoscope, 133:2447-2456, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Erik P Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christopher M Stave
- Lane Medical Library, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Zara M Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Peter H Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael T Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Sophus AI, Mitchell JW, Sales JM, Braun K. "Our Community Comes First": Investigating Recruitment Ads That Represent and Appeal to Black Women for Online, HIV-Related Research Studies. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01800-5. [PMID: 37723375 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01800-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black women are underrepresented in health-related research. Consulting Black women in the creation of recruitment materials may help increase their representation in research studies, but few of these recruitment materials have been evaluated. This manuscript reports on the impact of two ads (one featuring older women and one featuring younger women) created through multiple focus group sessions with Black women. The purpose of the ads were to recruit Black women to participate in an online research study about HIV prevention and pre-exposure prophylaxis, PrEP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Questions about the ads were embedded in the eligibility screener for inclusion in the online parent research study. Respondents were asked which ad they saw, what they liked about it, and what about the ad piqued their interest in the study. RESULTS In total, 301 Black women completed the eligibility screener for the online study and answered questions pertaining to the two ads. Most participants reported seeing the ad with younger women (260/301, 86.4%). Representation of Black women (n = 70), ad design (n = 64), relevance to Black women and the Black community (n = 60), and comprehensiveness of ad content (n = 38) were the top 4 ad features respondents liked. Relevance to Black women and the Black community (n = 104) as well as ad content (n = 54) (i.e., study purpose, location, duration, images, incentive) were the top two reasons provided about ads that piqued respondent's interest in the online study. CONCLUSION Findings showcase how recruitment ads informed by Black women could help increase their interest and participation in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber I Sophus
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Jason W Mitchell
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | | | - Kathryn Braun
- Thompson School of Social Work and Public Health, University of Hawai'i - Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Luo Q, Wu Z, Mi G, Xu J, Scott SR. Using HIV Risk Self-Assessment Tools to Increase HIV Testing in Men Who Have Sex With Men in Beijing, China: App-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e45262. [PMID: 37656500 PMCID: PMC10504623 DOI: 10.2196/45262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men (MSM) in China hold a low-risk perception of acquiring HIV. This has resulted in an inadequate HIV testing rate. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate whether administering HIV risk self-assessments with tailored feedback on a gay geosocial networking (GSN) app could improve HIV testing rates and reduce sexual risk behaviors in Chinese MSM. METHODS We recruited MSM from Beijing, China, who used the GSN platform Blued in October 2017 in this 12-month double-blinded randomized controlled trial. From October 2017 to September 2018, eligible participants were randomly assigned to use a self-reported HIV risk assessment tool that provided tailored feedback according to transmission risk (group 1), access to the same HIV risk assessment without feedback (group 2), or government-recommended HIV education materials (control). All interventions were remotely delivered through the mobile phone-based app Blued, and participants were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months from baseline. The number of HIV tests over the 12-month study was the primary outcome and was assessed using an intention-to-treat analysis with an incident rate ratio (IRR). Unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) over 6 months was assessed by a modified intention-to-treat analysis and was the secondary outcome. All statistical analyses were conducted in SAS 9.3 (SAS Institute, Inc.), and a P value <.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In total, 9280 MSM were recruited from baseline and were randomly assigned to group 1 (n=3028), group 2 (n=3065), or controls (n=3187). After follow-up, 1034 (34.1%), 993 (32.4%), and 1103 (34.6%) remained in each group, respectively. Over 12 months, group 1 took 391 tests (mean of 2.51 tests per person), group 2 took 352 tests (mean of 2.01 tests per person), and controls took 295 tests (mean of 1.72 tests per person). Group 1 had significantly more HIV testing than the control group (IRR 1.32, 95% CI 1.09-4.58; P=.01), while group 2 did not differ significantly from the controls (IRR 1.06, 95% CI 0.86-1.30; P=.60). The proportion of UAI was not statistically different among different groups, but all 3 groups had UAI, which declined from baseline. CONCLUSIONS Repeated HIV risk assessments coupled with tailored feedback through GSN apps improved HIV testing. Such interventions should be considered a simple way of improving HIV testing among MSM in China and increasing awareness of HIV status. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03320239; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03320239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Luo
- School of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zunyou Wu
- The National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Mi
- The National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Blued City Holdings, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- The National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Sarah Robbins Scott
- The National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Lang S, Day K, Gallaher E, Jebeile H, Collins CE, Baur LA, Truby H. Participant recruitment for paediatric research using social media: A practical 'how-to' guide for researchers. Nutr Diet 2023; 80:338-350. [PMID: 37154014 PMCID: PMC10952907 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Social media platforms are being increasingly used to support participant recruitment into paediatric health-related research. This study aimed to develop a multi-phase approach for using social media as a recruitment strategy for paediatric research studies. METHODS The process was informed by the authors' prior experiences recruiting for paediatric obesity-related research studies, expertise in social media marketing and digital participant/ patient recruitment. Reflection on these experiences resulted in the iterative creation of a draft process which was further refined. A narrative literature review using a structured search was conducted to refine and augment the content and finalise the process. RESULTS A six-phase recruitment approach was developed that includes: (i) plan for social media use as a recruitment strategy, (ii) explore relevant ethical considerations to protect the wellbeing of potentially vulnerable groups and create an ethical management plan, (iii) identify and understand the different target audiences and develop the advertising strategy, (iv) develop and design campaign content, (v) implement, monitor and iteratively refine the recruitment campaign, (vi) evaluate the campaign success. Potential activities and key considerations relevant for paediatric research are presented within each phase. CONCLUSION Due to the widespread use and diverse characteristics of social media users, social media has the potential to disseminate details of research opportunities to community members who may otherwise not hear about, engage with, and potentially benefit from research participation. Researchers should collaborate with communication experts and target audiences to generate relevant and effective recruitment campaigns. Researchers should implement processes to protect vulnerable audiences' wellbeing at each stage of the process. Recruitment via social media may support wider community participation in research studies designed to improve young people's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lang
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityNotting HillAustralia
| | - Kaitlin Day
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityNotting HillAustralia
- School of Agriculture and FoodFaculty of Science, University of MelbourneParkvilleAustralia
| | | | - Hiba Jebeile
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneyWestmeadAustralia
- The Children's Hospital at WestmeadInstitute of Endocrinology and DiabetesWestmeadAustralia
| | - Clare E. Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleAustralia
- Food and Nutrition Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteRankin ParkAustralia
| | - Louise A. Baur
- Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneyWestmeadAustralia
- Weight Management ServicesThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadAustralia
| | - Helen Truby
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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Lai KE, Antonio AA, Ko MW, Epling JP, Nguyen AX, Carey AR. Social Media in Neuro-Ophthalmology: Paradigms, Opportunities, and Strategies. J Neuroophthalmol 2023; 43:295-302. [PMID: 37307089 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000001896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media (SoMe) is an integral part of life in the 21st century. Its potential for rapid dissemination and amplification of information offers opportunities for neuro-ophthalmologists to have an outsized voice to share expert-level knowledge with the public, other medical professionals, policymakers, and trainees. However, there are also potential pitfalls, because SoMe may spread incorrect or misleading information. Understanding and using SoMe enables neuro-ophthalmologists to influence and educate that would otherwise be limited by workforce shortages. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A PubMed search for the terms "social media" AND "neuro-ophthalmology," "social media" AND "ophthalmology," and "social media" AND "neurology" was performed. RESULTS Seventy-two neurology articles, 70 ophthalmology articles, and 3 neuro-ophthalmology articles were analyzed. A large proportion of the articles were published in the last 3 years (2020, 2021, 2022). Most articles were analyses of SoMe content; other domains included engagement analysis such as Altmetric analysis, utilization survey, advisory opinion/commentary, literature review, and other. SoMe has been used in medicine to share and recruit for scientific research, medical education, advocacy, mentorship and medical professional networking, and branding, marketing, practice building, and influencing. The American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Ophthalmology, and North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society have developed guidelines on the use of SoMe. CONCLUSIONS Neuro-ophthalmologists may benefit greatly from harnessing SoMe for the purposes of academics, advocacy, networking, and marketing. Regularly creating appropriate professional SoMe content can enable the neuro-ophthalmologist to make a global impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin E Lai
- Departments of Ophthalmology (KEL, MWK) and Neurology (MWK), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Ophthalmology Service (KEL), Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana; Neuro-Ophthalmology Section (KEL), Midwest Eye Institute, Carmel, Indiana; Circle City Neuro-Ophthalmology (KEL), Carmel, Indiana; Trinity Health Saint Mary's (AAA), Hauenstein Neurosciences, Grand Rapids, Michigan; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (JPE), School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (AXN), McGill University, Montréal, Canada; and Wilmer Eye Institute (ARC), Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Tsaltskan V, Sanchez Baez R, Firestein GS. Cost-effectiveness of social media advertising as a recruitment tool: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e180. [PMID: 37745929 PMCID: PMC10514690 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recruitment of study participants is challenging and can incur significant costs. Social media advertising is a promising method for recruiting clinical studies and may improve cost efficiency by targeting populations likely to match a study's qualifications. Prior systematic reviews of social media as a recruitment tool have been favourable, however, there are no meta-analyses of its cost-effectiveness. Methods Studies evaluating recruitment costs through social media and non-social media methods were identified on MEDLINE and EMBASE. Articles were screened through a two-step process in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Cost data were extracted from selected articles and meta-analyzed using the Mantel-Haenszel method. The primary outcome was the relative cost-effectiveness of social media compared to non-social media recruitment, defined as the odds ratio of recruiting a participant per US dollar spent. The secondary outcome was the cost-effectiveness of social media recruitment compared to other online recruitment methods only. Results In total, 23 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The odds ratio of recruiting a participant through social media advertising compared to non-social media methods per dollar spent was 1.97 [95% CI 1.24-3.00, P = 0.004]. The odds ratio of recruiting a participant through social media compared to other online methods only was 1.66 [95% CI 1.02-2.72, P = 0.04]. Conclusions Social media advertising may be more cost-effective than other methods of recruitment, however, the magnitude of cost-effectiveness is highly variable between studies. There are limited data on newer social media platforms and on difficult-to-reach populations such as non-English speakers or older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Tsaltskan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roel Sanchez Baez
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary S. Firestein
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Dworatzek PDN, Mori M, Mellet S. Canadian Registered Dietitians' Utilization of the 2018 Diabetes Canada Nutrition Therapy Clinical Practice Guidelines: A Cross-sectional Study. Can J Diabetes 2023; 47:482-489. [PMID: 37060941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim in this work was to ascertain Canadian registered dietitians' (RDs) use of the 2018 Diabetes Canada nutrition therapy (NT) recommendations and to identify the degree of agreement with facilitator-to-use statements. METHODS A national 28-item anonymous cross-sectional survey of RDs who counsel people with diabetes was conducted. RESULTS Three hundred sixty RDs responded to the survey, but some questions had fewer responses. Mean age of respondents was 36.8±10.1 years and 51.3% were certified diabetes educators (CDEs). Energy/macronutrient recommendations used most were regular timing/spacing of meals (85%), 30 to 50 g/day dietary fibre intake (71%), and maintaining a low glycemic index (65%). Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns had similar utilization rates as macronutrient distribution ranges, at 50% to 60%. Specific food recommendations were used most often, with the emphasis on fruits/vegetables and whole grains at 92% and 86%, respectively. Of the special considerations for people on insulin, regular meals/meal spacing was the recommendation used most often (88%). The statements "I trust the content …" and "I understand the scientific basis …" of the NT chapter were the internal facilitators most agreed with, at 86% each. The least agreed upon external facilitators were "my workplace encourages me to use the NT chapter," at 54%, and "I learned about the NT chapter in my formal education," at 44%. CDEs had significantly higher agreement on 12 of the 21 facilitator statements compared with non-CDEs. CONCLUSIONS Canadian RDs are utilizing the NT guidelines, including the new dietary patterns. Simple, easy-to-implement recommendations, such as specific foods and timing/spacing of meals, were used most frequently. Opportunities for increased use could include encouraging dietetic training programs and worksites to promote utilization of CPGs in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula D N Dworatzek
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Schulich Interfaculty Program in Public Health, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Marilyn Mori
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Savannah Mellet
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Lutz J, Pratap A, Lenze EJ, Bestha D, Lipschitz JM, Karantzoulis S, Vaidyanathan U, Robin J, Horan W, Brannan S, Mittoux A, Davis MC, Lakhan SE, Keefe R. Innovative Technologies in CNS Trials: Promises and Pitfalls for Recruitment, Retention, and Representativeness. INNOVATIONS IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 20:40-46. [PMID: 37817816 PMCID: PMC10561984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective Recruitment of a sufficiently large and representative patient sample and its retention during central nervous system (CNS) trials presents major challenges for study sponsors. Technological advances are reshaping clinical trial operations to meet these challenges, and the COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated this development. Method of Research The International Society for CNS Clinical Trials and Methodology (ISCTM; www.isctm.org) Innovative Technologies for CNS Trials Working Group surveyed the state of technological innovations for improved recruitment and retention and assessed their promises and pitfalls. Results Online advertisement and electronic patient registries can enhance recruitment, but challenges with sample representativeness, conversion rates from eligible prescreening to enrolled patients, data privacy and security, and patient identification remain hurdles for optimal use of these technologies. Electronic medical records (EMR) mining with artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML) methods is promising but awaits translation into trials. During the study treatment phase, technological innovations increasingly support participant retention, including adherence with the investigational treatment. Digital tools for adherence and retention support take many forms, including patient-centric communication channels between researchers and participants, real-time study reminders, and digital behavioral interventions to increase study compliance. However, such tools add technical complexities to trials, and their impact on the generalizability of results are largely unknown. Conclusion Overall, the group found a scarcity of systematic data directly assessing the impact of technological innovations on study recruitment and retention in CNS trials, even for strategies with already high adoption, such as online recruitment. Given the added complexity and costs associated with most technological innovations, such data is needed to fully harness technologies for CNS trials and drive further adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Lutz
- Dr. Lutz was with Medical Office, Click Therapeutics, Inc. in New York, New York, at the time of writing; she is now with Biogen Digital Health in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Boston University School of Medicine in Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Abhishek Pratap
- Dr. Pratap was with Center for Addiction & Mental Health in Toronto, Canada, at the time of writing; he is now with Boehringer Ingelheim in Ridgefield, Connecticut; King's College London in London, United Kingdom; and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington in Seattle, Washington
| | - Eric J Lenze
- Dr. Lenze is with Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Durga Bestha
- Dr. Bestha is with Atrium Health in Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Jessica M Lipschitz
- Dr. Lipschitz is with Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, and Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Uma Vaidyanathan
- Dr. Vaidyanathan was with Boehringer Ingelheim in Ridgefield, Connecticut, at the time of writing; she is now with Sublimus in Ridgefield, Connecticut
| | - Jessica Robin
- Dr. Robin is with Winterlight Labs, Inc. in Toronto, Canada
| | - William Horan
- Dr. Horan was with WCG VeraSci in Durham, North Carolina, at the time of writing; he is now with Karuna Therapeutics in Boston, Massachusetts, and University of California in Los Angeles, California
| | - Stephen Brannan
- Dr. Brannan is with Karuna Therapeutics in Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Shaheen E Lakhan
- Dr. Lakhan is with Medical Office, Click Therapeutics, Inc. in New York, New York, and School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Richard Keefe
- Dr. Keefe is with Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina
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Mizerek E, Wolf L, Moon MD. Identifying and Mitigating Fraud When Using Social Media for Research Recruitment. J Emerg Nurs 2023; 49:530-533. [PMID: 37393079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
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Bowyer HL, Pegler R, Williams C. Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in Farming Communities: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study of Participant Use and Acceptability. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e42573. [PMID: 37335597 DOI: 10.2196/42573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farmers have higher rates of depression than nonfarmers and higher rates of suicide than the general population. Several barriers to help seeking have been identified in farmers, which may be overcome by offering web-based mental health support. Computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) is an effective intervention used to prevent and treat mild to moderate depression but has not been evaluated in the farming community. OBJECTIVE This study explored the feasibility of delivering a cCBT course tailored to farmers using a mixed methods approach. METHODS Farmers (aged ≥18 years) with no, minimal, or moderately severe depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] score <20) were recruited using web-based and offline advertisements and given access to a cCBT course consisting of 5 core modules and automated and personalized email support. Depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7), and social functioning (Work and Social Adjustment Scale) were measured at baseline and the 8-week follow-up. Wilcoxon signed rank tests assessed changes in scores for all outcome measures over time. Telephone interviews focusing on participant use and satisfaction with the course were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Overall, 56 participants were recruited; 27 (48%) through social media. Overall, 62% (35/56) of participants logged into the course. At baseline, almost half of the participants reported experiencing minimal depressive symptoms (25/56, 45%) and mild anxiety (25/56, 45%), and just over half (30/56, 54%) reported mild to moderate functional impairment. Posttreatment data were available for 27% (15/56) of participants (41/56, 73% attrition rate). On average, participants experienced fewer depressive symptoms (P=.38) and less functional impairment (P=.26) at the 8-week follow-up; these results were not statistically significant. Participants experienced significantly fewer symptoms of anxiety at the 8-week follow-up (P=.02). Most participants (13/14, 93%) found the course helpful and easy to access (10/13, 77%) and the email support helpful (12/14, 86%). Qualitative interviews identified heavy workloads and mental health stigma within the farming community as barriers to help seeking. Participants thought that web-based support would be helpful, being convenient and anonymous. There were concerns that older farmers and those with limited internet connections may have difficulty accessing the course. Improvements regarding the layout and content of the course were suggested. Dedicated support from someone with farming knowledge was recommended to improve retention. CONCLUSIONS cCBT may be a convenient way of supporting mental health within farming communities. However, challenges in recruiting and retaining farmers may indicate that cCBT supported only by email may not be an acceptable mode of mental health care delivery for many; however, it was valued by respondents. Involving farming organizations in planning, recruitment, and support may address these issues. Mental health awareness campaigns targeting farming communities may also help reduce stigma and improve recruitment and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet L Bowyer
- Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Pegler
- Paediatric Clinical Psychology Service, National Health Service Scotland Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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46
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Walsh LE, Carter-Bawa L. Using social media to recruit individuals for health-related research: Feasibility and lessons learned. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:599-606. [PMID: 36416197 PMCID: PMC10251309 DOI: 10.1177/13591053221136928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Online recruitment via social media for health-related research is increasing. Metrics regarding social media recruitment may increase its use in this field. This study evaluates the feasibility of recruiting individuals with a smoking history through targeted advertising on Facebook for a randomized study focused on lung cancer screening. Individuals completed eligibility questions and were randomized to one of two groups. We analyzed advertisement reach and response patterns, advertisement cost, data integrity and sample representativeness. The advertisement was active for 34 days and resulted in 2111 unique clicks on the survey link. Four hundred thirty-three eligibility entries were collected, and 61 entries were excluded due to failure to correctly answer the data integrity check. Two hundred eighty-two participants met eligibility criteria and were randomized, 191 participants completed questionnaires and 10 entries were subsequently excluded due to a failed attention check. Recruitment utilizing targeted advertising on Facebook is an effective and efficient strategy for health-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Walsh
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, USA
- Fordham University, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic changed access to healthcare and decreased mental and physical wellbeing. It also significantly altered teens' relationship with social media. This article is a current review of the literature on the impact of COVID-19 on adolescent health overall. In addition, how social media use has both improved and worsened the impact of COVID-19, along with strategies providers should consider in wanting to address social media use with teens. RECENT FINDINGS The COVID-19 pandemic has affected adolescents through increased social isolation and decreased access to healthcare resources. Social media use has both positive and negative effects on adolescent health. Positive effects include sustained connection to friends, family and community while negative effects include lower self-esteem and increased incidence of eating disorders. SUMMARY Our findings underscore the multifaceted impact of social media on adolescent mental health, physical wellbeing, and healthcare access. Of particular relevance to the physician is the potential of leveraging social media to promote healthy behaviors in vulnerable age groups and populations. Social media can be used to connect teens with reputable websites where they can seek medical or health information that would otherwise not readily be available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Ramsey
- School Health Program, Montefiore Medical Group, Bronx, New York
| | - Malik Obeidallah
- Department of Global Studies, Asian and Middle Eastern Studies Program, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia
| | - Anisha Abraham
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Sanusi IA, Arisoyin AE, Aruoture S, Folorunsho IL, Okereke OP, Adeyemo DA, Salawu MA, Okobi OE, Gupta A, Akunne HS, Patel R, Emmanuel O, Ezeudemba NC. Exploring the Prevalence and Factors Influencing Clinical Trial Awareness in US Adults with Self-Reported Depression and Anxiety. Cureus 2023; 15:e40780. [PMID: 37485134 PMCID: PMC10362504 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lack of clinical trial awareness is a crucial barrier to clinical trial enrollment. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and factors associated with clinical trial awareness among US adults with self-reported depression and anxiety. METHODS Data were collected from 896 adults who self-reported depression and anxiety from the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey. Multinomial logistic regression was utilized to assess predictors of clinical trial awareness, particularly socio-demographic, health-related, and technological variables. Odds ratios (OR) for the associations were reported. RESULTS About 60.4% of adults with self-reported depression or anxiety reported being aware of clinical trials. In the multivariable regression, education level, health-related social media use, and having access to a regular provider were all significantly associated with greater odds of clinical trial awareness among individuals with depression and/or anxiety. Specifically, individuals with at least some college education (OR 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.28-3.34; p = 0.004) were more likely to report awareness of clinical trials than those with less than a college education. Similarly, compared to those without access to health providers, individuals with depression and/or anxiety who had a regular provider had greater odds of clinical trial awareness (OR 2.23, 95% CI; 1.16-4.31; p = 0.017). Additionally, those who reported two or more health-related uses of social media were significantly more likely to report clinical trial awareness than their counterparts who reported no health-related social media use (OR 3.17, 95% CI; 1.48-6.80; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Our study shows that about six in 10 adults with depression and anxiety in the United States were aware of clinical trials. However, some sub-groups of patients, particularly those without access to a regular health provider, those with a lower education level, and those with limited use of social media for health purposes, remain inadequately informed and may lack awareness of available clinical trials. These findings are crucial and identify subgroups of people with mental disorders that may benefit from targeted interventions to improve clinical trial awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaw Aruoture
- Psychiatry, Behavioral Hospital Of Bellaire, Houston, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mujeeb A Salawu
- Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin College of Health Sciences, Ilorin, NGA
- Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Houston Health Department, Houston, USA
| | - Okelue E Okobi
- Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA
- Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA
| | - Akash Gupta
- Internal Medicine, Spartan Health Sciences University, Vieux Fort, LCA
| | | | - Radhey Patel
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Avalon University School of Medicine, Willemstad, CUW
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Goldman N, Willem T, Buyx A, Zimmermann BM. Practical Benefits, Challenges, and Recommendations on Social Media Recruitment: Multi-Stakeholder Interview Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e44587. [PMID: 37213177 DOI: 10.2196/44587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing use of social media opens new opportunities for recruiting patients for research studies. However, systematic evaluations indicate that the success of social media recruitment in terms of cost-effectiveness and representativeness depends on the type of study and its purpose. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the practical benefits and challenges of recruiting study participants with social media in the context of clinical and nonclinical studies and provide a summary of expert advice on how to conduct social media-based recruitment. METHODS We conducted semistructured interviews with 6 patients with hepatitis B who use social media and 30 experts from the following disciplines: (1) social media researchers or social scientists, (2) practical experts for social media recruitment, (3) legal experts, (4) ethics committee members, and (5) clinical researchers. The interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS We found diverging expert opinions regarding the challenges and benefits of social media recruitment for research studies in four domains: (1) resources needed, (2) representativeness, (3) web-based community building, and (4) privacy considerations. Moreover, the interviewed experts provided practical advice on how to promote a research study via social media. CONCLUSIONS Even though recruitment strategies should always be sensitive to individual study contexts, a multiplatform approach (recruiting via several different social media platforms) with mixed-methods recruitment (web-based and offline recruitment channels) is the most beneficial recruitment strategy for many research studies. The different recruitment methods complement each other and may contribute to improving the reach of the study, the recruitment accrual, and the representativeness of the sample. However, it is important to assess the context- and project-specific appropriateness and usefulness of social media recruitment before designing the recruitment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Goldman
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Willem
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alena Buyx
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina M Zimmermann
- Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Hasin DS, Borodovsky J, Shmulewitz D, Walsh C, Struble CA, Livne O, Habib MI, Fink DS, Aharonovich E, Budney A. Adult use of highly-potent Δ9-THC cannabis concentrate products by U.S. state cannabis legalization status, 2021. Addict Behav 2023; 140:107617. [PMID: 36736229 PMCID: PMC9930475 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to plant/flower cannabis products, cannabis concentrates have higher average potency of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), which may be associated with greater likelihood of cannabis-related harms. Information on factors associated with use of cannabis concentrates is needed. METHODS Respondents were 4,328 adult past-7-day cannabis users from all 50 U.S. states and Washington DC (DC) who participated in an online 2021 survey. Using logistic regression to generate adjusted odds ratios (aOR), we investigated whether participants in states that enacted recreational cannabis laws (RCL, 12 states plus DC [treated as a state], n = 1,236) or medical cannabis laws (MCL-only, 23 states, n = 2,030) by December 31, 2020 were more likely than those in states without cannabis laws (no-CL, 15 states, n = 1,062) to use cannabis concentrate products in the prior 7 days. RESULTS Most participants (92.4%) used plant material in the prior 7 days; 57.0% used cannabis concentrates. In RCL, MCL and no-CL states, concentrate use was reported by 61.5%, 56.6%, and 52.5%, respectively. Compared to participants in no-CL states, odds of using cannabis concentrate products were greater among those in RCL states (aOR = 1.47; CI = 1.17-1.84) and MCL-only states (aOR = 1.29; CI = 1.08-1.55). Whether states had legally-authorized dispensaries had little effect on results. CONCLUSION Results suggest that individuals in MCL-only and RCL states are more likely to use cannabis concentrate products. Determining mechanisms underlying these results, e.g., commercialization, could provide important information for prevention. Clinicians should be alert to patient use of concentrates, especially in MCL-only and RCL states. Continued monitoring is warranted as additional states legalize cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168(th) St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Jacob Borodovsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
| | - Dvora Shmulewitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Claire Walsh
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Cara A Struble
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
| | - Ofir Livne
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Mohammad I Habib
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
| | - David S Fink
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Efrat Aharonovich
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Alan Budney
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
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