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Qu J, Tian L, Zhang M, Sun B, Chen L. SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin reduces visceral adipose tissue in db/db mice by modulating AMPK/KLF4 signaling and regulating mitochondrial dynamics to induce browning. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112320. [PMID: 38964727 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue (mainly visceral). The morphology and function of mitochondria are crucial for regulating adipose browning and weight loss. Research suggests that the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin may induce weight loss through an unknown mechanism, particularly targeting visceral adipose tissue. While Krueppel-Like Factor 4 (KLF4) is known to be essential for energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, its specific impact on visceral adipose tissue remains unclear. We administered canagliflozin to db/db mice for 8 weeks, or exposed adipocytes to canagliflozin for 24 h. The expression levels of browning markers, mitochondrial dynamics, and KLF4 were assessed. Then we validated the function of KLF4 through overexpression in vivo and in vitro. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonists, inhibitors, and KLF4 si-RNA were employed to elucidate the relationship between AMPK and KLF4. The findings demonstrated that canagliflozin significantly decreased body weight in db/db mice and augmented cold-induced thermogenesis. Additionally, canagliflozin increased the expression of mitochondrial fusion-related factors while reducing the levels of fission markers in epididymal white adipose tissue. These consistent findings were mirrored in canagliflozin-treated adipocytes. Similarly, overexpression of KLF4 in both adipocytes and db/db mice yielded comparable results. In all, canagliflozin mitigates obesity in db/db mice by promoting the brown visceral adipocyte phenotype through enhanced mitochondrial fusion via AMPK/KLF4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Qu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liming Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Asantewaa G, Tuttle ET, Ward NP, Kang YP, Kim Y, Kavanagh ME, Girnius N, Chen Y, Rodriguez K, Hecht F, Zocchi M, Smorodintsev-Schiller L, Scales TQ, Taylor K, Alimohammadi F, Duncan RP, Sechrist ZR, Agostini-Vulaj D, Schafer XL, Chang H, Smith ZR, O'Connor TN, Whelan S, Selfors LM, Crowdis J, Gray GK, Bronson RT, Brenner D, Rufini A, Dirksen RT, Hezel AF, Huber AR, Munger J, Cravatt BF, Vasiliou V, Cole CL, DeNicola GM, Harris IS. Glutathione synthesis in the mouse liver supports lipid abundance through NRF2 repression. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6152. [PMID: 39034312 PMCID: PMC11271484 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells rely on antioxidants to survive. The most abundant antioxidant is glutathione (GSH). The synthesis of GSH is non-redundantly controlled by the glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). GSH imbalance is implicated in many diseases, but the requirement for GSH in adult tissues is unclear. To interrogate this, we have developed a series of in vivo models to induce Gclc deletion in adult animals. We find that GSH is essential to lipid abundance in vivo. GSH levels are highest in liver tissue, which is also a hub for lipid production. While the loss of GSH does not cause liver failure, it decreases lipogenic enzyme expression, circulating triglyceride levels, and fat stores. Mechanistically, we find that GSH promotes lipid abundance by repressing NRF2, a transcription factor induced by oxidative stress. These studies identify GSH as a fulcrum in the liver's balance of redox buffering and triglyceride production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Asantewaa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Emily T Tuttle
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nathan P Ward
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yun Pyo Kang
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Madeline E Kavanagh
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nomeda Girnius
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Katherine Rodriguez
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fabio Hecht
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Marco Zocchi
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Leonid Smorodintsev-Schiller
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - TashJaé Q Scales
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kira Taylor
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Fatemeh Alimohammadi
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Renae P Duncan
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zachary R Sechrist
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Diana Agostini-Vulaj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xenia L Schafer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hayley Chang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Zachary R Smith
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Thomas N O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Whelan
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Laura M Selfors
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jett Crowdis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Kenneth Gray
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Dirk Brenner
- Experimental and Molecular Immunology, Dept. of Infection and Immunity (DII), Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Immunology & Genetics, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Aram F Hezel
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Aaron R Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Munger
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin F Cravatt
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Calvin L Cole
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Isaac S Harris
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Jemal M. A review of dolutegravir-associated weight gain and secondary metabolic comorbidities. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241260613. [PMID: 38881592 PMCID: PMC11179510 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241260613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Dolutegravir is an integrase inhibitor and is recommended by the World Health Organization as the preferred first-line and second-line human immunodeficiency virus treatment in all populations. Excessive weight gain associated with dolutegravir-based regimens is an emerging issue; however, the long-term metabolic consequences of this effect have not been fully understood. Growing evidence shows that this leads to a higher incidence of hyperglycemia, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome, along with elevated cardiovascular risk. Dolutegravir-based regimens, also associated with greater adipocyte differentiation and greater expression of markers associated with lipid storage, continue to be a problem among patients living with human immunodeficiency virus. The mechanisms by which certain antiretroviral therapy agents differentially contribute to weight gain remain unknown. Some clinical investigators speculate that dolutegravir could interfere with central nervous system appetite regulation (melanocortin-4 receptor) and insulin signaling, or may have better penetration of adipose tissue where they could exert a direct impact on adipose tissue adipogenesis, fibrosis, and insulin resistance. This review summarizes our current understanding of weight gain and fat changes associated with dolutegravir and its possible secondary metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Jemal
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia
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4
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Deng M, Zhang S, Wu S, Jiang Q, Teng W, Luo T, Ouyang Y, Liu J, Gu B. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum N4 ameliorates lipid metabolism and gut microbiota structure in high fat diet-fed rats. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1390293. [PMID: 38912346 PMCID: PMC11190066 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1390293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lowing blood lipid levels with probiotics has good application prospects. This study aimed to isolate probiotics with hypolipidemic efficacy from homemade na dish and investigate their mechanism of action. In vitro experiments were conducted to determine the cholesterol-lowering ability of five isolates, with results showing that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum N4 exhibited a high cholesterol-lowering rate of 50.27% and significant resistance to acid (87%), bile salt (51.97%), and pepsin (88.28%) in simulated gastrointestinal fluids, indicating promising application prospects for the use of probiotics in lowering blood lipids. The findings from the in vivo experiment demonstrated that the administration of N4 effectively attenuated lipid droplet accumulation and inflammatory cell infiltration in the body weight and liver of hyperlipidemic rats, leading to restoration of liver tissue morphology and structure, as well as improvement in lipid and liver biochemical parameters. 16S analysis indicated that the oral administration of N4 led to significant alterations in the relative abundance of various genera, including Sutterella, Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Ruminococcus, in the gut microbiota of hyperlipidemia rats. Additionally, fecal metabolomic analysis identified a total of 78 metabolites following N4 intervention, with carboxylic acids and their derivatives being the predominant compounds detected. The transcriptomic analysis revealed 156 genes with differential expression following N4 intervention, leading to the identification of 171 metabolic pathways through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. Notably, the glutathione metabolism pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, and bile secretion pathway emerged as the primary enrichment pathways. The findings from a comprehensive multi-omics analysis indicate that N4 influences lipid metabolism and diminishes lipid levels in hyperlipidemic rats through modulation of fumaric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid concentrations, as well as glutathione and other metabolic pathways in the intestinal tract, derived from both the gut microbiota and the host liver. This research offers valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of probiotics for managing lipid metabolism disorders and their utilization in the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuaiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Siying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiunan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenyao Teng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yerui Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiantao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and Metabolism of Nanchang City, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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5
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Verkerke ARP, Wang D, Yoshida N, Taxin ZH, Shi X, Zheng S, Li Y, Auger C, Oikawa S, Yook JS, Granath-Panelo M, He W, Zhang GF, Matsushita M, Saito M, Gerszten RE, Mills EL, Banks AS, Ishihama Y, White PJ, McGarrah RW, Yoneshiro T, Kajimura S. BCAA-nitrogen flux in brown fat controls metabolic health independent of thermogenesis. Cell 2024; 187:2359-2374.e18. [PMID: 38653240 PMCID: PMC11145561 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is best known for thermogenesis. Rodent studies demonstrated that enhanced BAT thermogenesis is tightly associated with increased energy expenditure, reduced body weight, and improved glucose homeostasis. However, human BAT is protective against type 2 diabetes, independent of body weight. The mechanism underlying this dissociation remains unclear. Here, we report that impaired mitochondrial catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in BAT, by deleting mitochondrial BCAA carriers (MBCs), caused systemic insulin resistance without affecting energy expenditure and body weight. Brown adipocytes catabolized BCAA in the mitochondria as nitrogen donors for the biosynthesis of non-essential amino acids and glutathione. Impaired mitochondrial BCAA-nitrogen flux in BAT resulted in increased oxidative stress, decreased hepatic insulin signaling, and decreased circulating BCAA-derived metabolites. A high-fat diet attenuated BCAA-nitrogen flux and metabolite synthesis in BAT, whereas cold-activated BAT enhanced the synthesis. This work uncovers a metabolite-mediated pathway through which BAT controls metabolic health beyond thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R P Verkerke
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dandan Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naofumi Yoshida
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary H Taxin
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xu Shi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuning Zheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuka Li
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Christopher Auger
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Satoshi Oikawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin-Seon Yook
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melia Granath-Panelo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wentao He
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mami Matsushita
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi College, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saito
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evanna L Mills
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander S Banks
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasushi Ishihama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Phillip J White
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert W McGarrah
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke School of Medicine, Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Takeshi Yoneshiro
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Kang SA, Yu HS. Anti-obesity effects by parasitic nematode ( Trichinella spiralis) total lysates. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1285584. [PMID: 38259965 PMCID: PMC10800963 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1285584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is an inducible factor for the cause of chronic diseases and is described by an increase in the size and number of adipocytes that differentiate from precursor cells (preadipocytes). Parasitic helminths are the strongest natural trigger of type 2 immune system, and several studies have showed that helminth infections are inversely correlated with metabolic syndromes. Methodology/Principal findings To investigate whether helminth-derived molecules have therapeutic effects on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, we isolated total lysates from Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. We then checked the anti-obesity effect after intraperitoneal administration and intraoral administration of total lysate from T. spiralis muscle larvae in a diet-induced obesity model. T. spiralis total lysates protect against obesity by inhibiting the proinflammatory response and/or enhancing M2 macrophages. In addition, we determined the effects of total lysates from T. spiralis muscle larvae on anti-obesity activities in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by investigating the expression levels of key adipogenic regulators, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and adipocyte protein 2 (aP2). Oil Red O staining showed that the total lysates from T. spiralis muscle larvae decreased the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by decreasing the number of lipid droplets. In addition, the production levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). T. spiralis total lysates decreased intracellular lipid accumulation and suppressed the expression levels of PPARγ, C/EBPα and aP2. Conclusion/Significance These results show that T. spiralis total lysate significantly suppresses the symptoms of obesity in a diet- induced obesity model and 3T3-L1 cell differentiation and suggest that it has potential for novel anti-obesity therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ae Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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7
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Qu Y, Wang Y, Wu T, Liu X, Wang H, Ma D. A comprehensive multiomics approach reveals that high levels of sphingolipids in cardiac cachexia adipose tissue are associated with inflammatory and fibrotic changes. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:211. [PMID: 38041133 PMCID: PMC10691093 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac cachexia is a deadly consequence of advanced heart failure that is characterised by the dysregulation of adipose tissue homeostasis. Once cachexia occurs with heart failure, it prevents the normal treatment of heart failure and increases the risk of death. Targeting adipose tissue is an important approach to treating cardiac cachexia, but the pathogenic mechanisms are still unknown, and there are no effective therapies available. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics were used to examine the underlying mechanisms of cardiac cachexia. Transcriptomics investigation of cardiac cachexia adipose tissue revealed that genes involved in fibrosis and monocyte/macrophage migration were increased and strongly interacted. The ECM-receptor interaction pathway was primarily enriched, as shown by KEGG enrichment analysis. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis revealed that monocyte chemotaxis/macrophage migration and fibrosis gene sets were upregulated in cardiac cachexia. Metabolomics enrichment analysis demonstrated that the sphingolipid signalling pathway is important for adipose tissue remodelling in cardiac cachexia. Lipidomics analysis showed that the adipose tissue of rats with cardiac cachexia had higher levels of sphingolipids, including Cer and S1P. Moreover, combined multiomics analysis suggested that the sphingolipid metabolic pathway was associated with inflammatory-fibrotic changes in adipose tissue. Finally, the key indicators were validated by experiments. In conclusion, this study described a mechanism by which the sphingolipid signalling pathway was involved in adipose tissue remodelling by inducing inflammation and fat fibrosis in cardiac cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Qu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huaizhe Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dufang Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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Zhou Z, Zhang H, Tao Y, Zang J, Zhao J, Li H, Wang Y, Wang T, Zhao H, Wang F, Guo C, Zhu F, Mao H, Liu F, Zhang L, Wang Q. FGF21 alleviates adipose stem cell senescence via CD90 glycosylation-dependent glucose influx in remodeling healthy white adipose tissue. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102877. [PMID: 37690164 PMCID: PMC10497791 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The senescence of adipose stem cells (ASCs) impairs healthy adipose tissue remodeling, causing metabolic maladaptation to energy surplus. The intrinsic molecular pathways and potential therapy targets for ASC senescence are largely unclear. Here, we showed that visceral ASCs were prone to senescence that was caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload, especially mitochondrial ROS. These senescent ASCs failed to sustain efficient glucose influx, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and redox homeostasis. We showed that CD90 silence restricted the glucose uptake by ASCs and thus disrupted their PPP and anti-oxidant system, resulting in ASC senescence. Notably, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) treatment significantly reduced the senescent phenotypes of ASCs by augmenting CD90 protein via glycosylation, which promoted glucose influx via the AKT-GLUT4 axis and therefore mitigated ROS overload. For diet-induced obese mice, chronic administration of low-dose FGF21 relieved their visceral white adipose tissue (VAT) dysfunction and systemic metabolic disorders. In particular, VAT homeostasis was restored in FGF21-treated obese mice, where ASC repertoire was markedly recovered, accompanied by CD90 elevation and anti-senescent phenotypes in these ASCs. Collectively, we reveal a molecular mechanism of ASC senescence by which CD90 downregulation interferes glucose influx into PPP and redox homeostasis. And we propose a FGF21-based strategy for healthy VAT remodeling, which targets CD90 glycosylation to correct ASC senescence and therefore combat obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jinhao Zang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Huijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yalin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tianci Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Fuwu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Haiting Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Fengming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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9
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Yu J, Qiu J, Zhang Z, Cui X, Guo W, Sheng M, Gao M, Wang D, Xu L, Ma X. Redox Biology in Adipose Tissue Physiology and Obesity. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200234. [PMID: 36658733 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a by-product of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and cellular metabolism, is vital for cellular survival, proliferation, damage, and senescence. In recent years, studies have shown that ROS levels and redox status in adipose tissue are strongly associated with obesity and metabolic diseases. Although it was previously considered that excessive production of ROS and impairment of antioxidant capability leads to oxidative stress and potentially contributes to increased adiposity, it has become increasingly evident that an adequate amount of ROS is vital for adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis. In this review, by providing a systematic overview of the recent understanding of the key factors of redox systems, endogenous mechanisms for redox homeostasis, advanced techniques for dynamic redox monitoring, as well as exogenous stimuli for redox production in adipose tissues and obesity, the importance of redox biology in metabolic health is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, 201499, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Xiangdi Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiu Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Maozheng Sheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, 201499, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
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10
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Croft AJ, Kelly C, Chen D, Haw TJ, Sverdlov AL, Ngo DTM. Overexpression of Mitochondrial Catalase within Adipose Tissue Does Not Confer Systemic Metabolic Protection against Diet-Induced Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051137. [PMID: 37238003 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with significant metabolic co-morbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia, as well as a range of cardiovascular diseases, all of which lead to increased hospitalisations, morbidity, and mortality. Adipose tissue dysfunction caused by chronic nutrient stress can result in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, hypoxia, and insulin resistance. Thus, we hypothesised that reducing adipose tissue oxidative stress via adipose tissue-targeted overexpression of the antioxidant mitochondrial catalase (mCAT) may improve systemic metabolic function. We crossed mCAT (floxed) and Adipoq-Cre mice to generate mice overexpressing catalase with a mitochondrial targeting sequence predominantly in adipose tissue, designated AdipoQ-mCAT. Under normal diet conditions, the AdipoQ-mCAT transgenic mice demonstrated increased weight gain, adipocyte remodelling, and metabolic dysfunction compared to the wild-type mice. Under obesogenic dietary conditions (16 weeks of high fat/high sucrose feeding), the AdipoQ-mCAT mice did not result in incremental impairment of adipose structure and function but in fact, were protected from further metabolic impairment compared to the obese wild-type mice. While AdipoQ-mCAT overexpression was unable to improve systemic metabolic function per se, our results highlight the critical role of physiological H2O2 signalling in metabolism and adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Croft
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Conagh Kelly
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Dongqing Chen
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Tatt Jhong Haw
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Aaron L Sverdlov
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, NSW 2267, Australia
| | - Doan T M Ngo
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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11
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Moroni-González D, Sarmiento-Ortega VE, Diaz A, Brambila E, Treviño S. Pancreas-Liver-Adipose Axis: Target of Environmental Cadmium Exposure Linked to Metabolic Diseases. TOXICS 2023; 11:223. [PMID: 36976988 PMCID: PMC10059892 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium has been well recognized as a critical toxic agent in acute and chronic poisoning cases in occupational and nonoccupational settings and environmental exposure situations. Cadmium is released into the environment after natural and anthropogenic activities, particularly in contaminated and industrial areas, causing food pollution. In the body, cadmium has no biological activity, but it accumulates primarily in the liver and kidney, which are considered the main targets of its toxicity, through oxidative stress and inflammation. However, in the last few years, this metal has been linked to metabolic diseases. The pancreas-liver-adipose axis is largely affected by cadmium accumulation. Therefore, this review aims to collect bibliographic information that establishes the basis for understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms linked to cadmium with carbohydrate, lipids, and endocrine impairments that contribute to developing insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Moroni-González
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Diaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, 22 South. FCQ9, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Laboratory of Chemical-Clinical Investigations, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Science, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72560, Mexico
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12
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Basu T, Selman A, Reddy AP, Reddy PH. Current Status of Obesity: Protective Role of Catechins. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020474. [PMID: 36830032 PMCID: PMC9952428 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health concern in today's society. Current estimates indicate that obesity occurs in both adults and young people. Recent research also found that the Hispanic population in the U.S. is 1.9 times more likely to be overweight as compared to their non-Hispanic population. Obesity is a multifactorial disease that has a variety of causes. All current treatment options incorporate dietary changes aimed at establishing a negative energy balance. According to current scientific research, multiple factors are involved with the development of obesity, including genetic, biochemical, psychological, environmental, behavioral, and socio-demographic factors. The people who suffer from obesity are far more likely to suffer serious health problems, such as stroke, diabetes, lung disease, bone and joint disease, cancer, heart disease, neurological disorders, and poor mental health. Studies indicate that multiple cellular changes are implicated in the progression of obesity, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated microRNAs, inflammatory changes, hormonal deregulation, and others. This article highlights the role that oxidative stress plays in obesity and current obesity-prevention techniques with an emphasis on the impact of catechins to prevent and treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha Basu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ashley Selman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Arubala P. Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-806-743-3194; Fax: +1-806-743-2334
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13
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Liu J, Li X, Chen J, Zhang X, Guo J, Gu J, Mei C, Xiao Y, Peng C, Liu J, Hu X, Zhang K, Li D, Zhou B. Arsenic-Loaded Biomimetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Ferroptosis-Inducing Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6260-6273. [PMID: 36695492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor response to most available systemic therapies due to intrinsic or acquired resistance to apoptosis. Ferroptosis-based therapy is expected to circumvent those limitations. Therefore, the rational design of ferroptosis-based therapies with targeted delivery of ferroptosis inducers for HCC is in need. In this study, we found that arsenic trioxide (ATO) can efficiently induce ferroptosis in HCC cells, and this effect could be reversed by the iron chelator deferoxamine. On this basis, a drug delivery system was constructed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ATO by camouflaging ATO-loaded magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) with HCC cell membranes, termed AFN@CM. After AFN@CM treatment, glutathione peroxidase 4 was strongly inhibited and intracellular lipid peroxide species were significantly increased in HCC cells. In addition, enhanced ferroptosis and tumor suppression were observed both in vitro and in vivo. The bio-safety of AFN@CM was also demonstrated by the in vivo toxicity evaluation. In addition, benefiting from the cell membrane coating, AFN@CM showed enhanced accumulation at tumor sites and achieved continuous tumor elimination in the mouse model. In conclusion, AFN@CM exhibited satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of HCC and provided a desirable ferroptosis-based strategy for safe and reliable HCC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Liu
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Xi Li
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Jiayao Chen
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Jingpei Guo
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Jinyan Gu
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
| | - Chaoming Mei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Yitai Xiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Junbin Liu
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Xiaojun Hu
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Center of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province519000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, China
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14
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Wang CJ, Noble PB, Elliot JG, James AL, Wang KCW. From Beneath the Skin to the Airway Wall: Understanding the Pathological Role of Adipose Tissue in Comorbid Asthma-Obesity. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4321-4353. [PMID: 36715283 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a contemporary report on the role of adipose tissue in respiratory dysfunction. Adipose tissue is distributed throughout the body, accumulating beneath the skin (subcutaneous), around organs (visceral), and importantly in the context of respiratory disease, has recently been shown to accumulate within the airway wall: "airway-associated adipose tissue." Excessive adipose tissue deposition compromises respiratory function and increases the severity of diseases such as asthma. The mechanisms of respiratory impairment are inflammatory, structural, and mechanical in nature, vary depending on the anatomical site of deposition and adipose tissue subtype, and likely contribute to different phenotypes of comorbid asthma-obesity. An understanding of adipose tissue-driven pathophysiology provides an opportunity for diagnostic advancement and patient-specific treatment. As an exemplar, the potential impact of airway-associated adipose tissue is highlighted, and how this may change the management of a patient with asthma who is also obese. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4321-4353, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter B Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John G Elliot
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alan L James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kimberley C W Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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15
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Liu H, Huang Y, Lu S, Yuan D, Liu J. Global Trends of Lipid Metabolism Research in Epigenetics Field: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2012-2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032382. [PMID: 36767748 PMCID: PMC9915870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Most common diseases are characterized by metabolic changes, among which lipid metabolism is a hotspot. Numerous studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between epigenetics and lipid metabolism. This study of publications on the epigenetics of lipid metabolism searched in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2012 to 2022, and a total of 3685 publications were retrieved. Much of our work focused on collecting the data of annual outputs, high-yielding countries and authors, vital journals, keywords and citations for qualitative and quantitative analysis. In the past decade, the overall number of publications has shown an upward trend. China (1382, 26.69%), the United States (1049, 20.26%) and Italy (206, 3.98%) were the main contributors of outputs. The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yale University were significant potential cooperation institutions. Articles were mainly published in the "International Journal of Molecular Sciences". In addition to typical liver-related diseases, "ferroptosis", "diabetes" and "atherosclerosis" were identified as potential research topics. "NF-κB" and "oxidative stress" were referred to frequently in publications. METTL3 and ALKBH5 were the most discussed m6A-related enzymes in 2022. Our study revealed research hotspots and new trends in the epigenetics of lipid metabolism, hoping to provide significant information and inspiration for researchers to further explore new directions.
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16
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Poor Cognitive Agility Conservation in Obese Aging People. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010138. [PMID: 36672646 PMCID: PMC9855664 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy has been boosted in recent decades at expenses of increasing the age-associated diseases. Dementia, for its incidence, stands out among the pathologies associated with aging. The exacerbated cognitive deterioration disables people from carrying out their daily lives autonomously and this incidence increases exponentially after 65 years of age. The etiology of dementia is a miscellaneous combination of risk factors that restrain the quality of life of our elderly. In this sense, it has been established that some metabolic pathologies such as obesity and diabetes act as a risk factor for dementia development. In contrast, a high educational level, as well as moderate physical activity, have been shown to be protective factors against cognitive impairment and the development of dementia. In the present study, we have evaluated the metabolic composition of a population between 60-90 years old, mentally healthy and with high academic degrees. After assessing agility in mental state, we have established relationships between their cognitive abilities and their body composition. Our data support that excess body fat is associated with poorer maintenance of cognition, while higher percentages of muscle mass are associated with the best results in the cognitive tests.
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17
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Pruett JE, Romero DG, Yanes Cardozo LL. Obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications in polycystic ovary syndrome: The potential role of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:951099. [PMID: 36875461 PMCID: PMC9974663 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.951099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-age women. PCOS is characterized by androgen excess, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic appearance of the ovaries. Women with PCOS have an increased prevalence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as insulin resistance, hypertension, renal injury, and obesity. Unfortunately, there is a lack of effective, evidence-based pharmacotherapeutics to target these cardiometabolic complications. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors provide cardiovascular protection in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the exact mechanisms of how SGLT2 inhibitors confer cardiovascular protection remains unclear, numerous mechanistic hypotheses for this protection include modulation of the renin-angiotensin system and/or the sympathetic nervous system and improvement in mitochondrial function. Data from recent clinical trials and basic research show a potential role for SGLT2 inhibitors in treating obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications in PCOS. This narrative review discusses the mechanisms of the beneficial effect of SGLT2 inhibitors in cardiometabolic diseases in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob E. Pruett
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Damian G. Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Women’s Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Licy L. Yanes Cardozo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Women’s Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- *Correspondence: Licy L. Yanes Cardozo,
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18
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Pu L, Luo Y, Wen Z, Dai Y, Zheng C, Zhu X, Qin L, Zhang C, Liang H, Zhang J, Guo L, Wang L. GPX2 Gene Affects Feed Efficiency of Pigs by Inhibiting Fat Deposition and Promoting Muscle Development. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243528. [PMID: 36552449 PMCID: PMC9774625 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
GPX2 has been recognized as a potential candidate gene for feed efficiency in pigs. This article aimed to elucidate polymorphism of GPX2 associated with feed efficiency and its related molecular mechanism. In this study, seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of GPX2 were found among 383 Duroc pigs. In addition, seven SNPs and ALGA0043483 (PorcineSNP60 BeadChip data in 600 Duroc pigs), which are near the GPX2 gene, were identified in one haplotypes block. Furthermore, associated studies showed that the genotype of GPX2 has significant association with weaning weight and 100 kg BF in Duroc pigs. In addition, the AG had no effect when the backfat became thinner, and the FCR and RFI traits had a tendency to decrease in the G3 + TT combination genotype, accompanied by an increase of GPX2 expression in backfat and muscle tissues. At the cellular level, the adipocyte proliferation and ability of adipogenic differentiation were reduced, and the lipid degradation increased in 3T3-L1 when there was overexpression of GPX2. In contrast, overexpression of the GPX2 gene can promote the muscle cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells. In other words, GPX2 has the effect of reducing fat deposition and promoting muscle development, and it is a candidate gene for backfat and feed efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (L.W.)
| | - Yunyan Luo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Zuochen Wen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yuxin Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Chunting Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xueli Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Chunguang Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (L.W.)
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19
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Kleiboeker B, Lodhi IJ. Peroxisomal regulation of energy homeostasis: Effect on obesity and related metabolic disorders. Mol Metab 2022; 65:101577. [PMID: 35988716 PMCID: PMC9442330 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisomes are single membrane-bound organelles named for their role in hydrogen peroxide production and catabolism. However, their cellular functions extend well beyond reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and include fatty acid oxidation of unique substrates that cannot be catabolized in mitochondria, and synthesis of ether lipids and bile acids. Metabolic functions of peroxisomes involve crosstalk with other organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets and lysosomes. Emerging studies suggest that peroxisomes are important regulators of energy homeostasis and that disruption of peroxisomal functions influences the risk for obesity and the associated metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and hepatic steatosis. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here, we focus on the role of peroxisomes in ether lipid synthesis, β-oxidation and ROS metabolism, given that these functions have been most widely studied and have physiologically relevant implications in systemic metabolism and obesity. Efforts are made to mechanistically link these cellular and systemic processes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Circulating plasmalogens, a form of ether lipids, have been identified as inversely correlated biomarkers of obesity. Ether lipids influence metabolic homeostasis through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of mitochondrial morphology and respiration affecting brown fat-mediated thermogenesis, and through regulation of adipose tissue development. Peroxisomal β-oxidation also affects metabolic homeostasis through generation of signaling molecules, such as acetyl-CoA and ROS that inhibit hydrolysis of stored lipids, contributing to development of hepatic steatosis. Oxidative stress resulting from increased peroxisomal β-oxidation-generated ROS in the context of obesity mediates β-cell lipotoxicity. A better understanding of the roles peroxisomes play in regulating and responding to obesity and its complications will provide new opportunities for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Kleiboeker
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Irfan J Lodhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA.
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20
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Bowers LW, Doerstling SS, Shamsunder MG, Lineberger CG, Rossi EL, Montgomery SA, Coleman MF, Gong W, Parker JS, Howell A, Harvie M, Hursting SD. Reversing the Genomic, Epigenetic, and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer-Enhancing Effects of Obesity. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:581-594. [PMID: 35696725 PMCID: PMC9444913 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-22-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The reversibility of the procancer effects of obesity was interrogated in formerly obese C57BL/6 mice that lost weight via a nonrestricted low-fat diet (LFD) or 3 distinct calorie-restricted (CR) regimens (low-fat CR, Mediterranean-style CR, or intermittent CR). These mice, along with continuously obese mice and lean control mice, were orthotopically injected with E0771 cells, a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer. Tumor weight, systemic cytokines, and incidence of lung metastases were elevated in the continuously obese and nonrestricted LFD mice relative to the 3 CR groups. Gene expression differed between the obese and all CR groups, but not the nonrestricted LFD group, for numerous tumoral genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition as well as several genes in the normal mammary tissue associated with hypoxia, reactive oxygen species production, and p53 signaling. A high degree of concordance existed between differentially expressed mammary tissue genes from obese versus all CR mice and a microarray dataset from overweight/obese women randomized to either no intervention or a CR diet. Assessment of differentially methylated regions in mouse mammary tissues revealed that obesity, relative to the 4 weight loss groups, was associated with significant DNA hypermethylation. However, the anticancer effects of the CR interventions were independent of their ability to reverse obesity-associated mammary epigenetic reprogramming. Taken together, these preclinical data showing that the procancer effects of obesity are reversible by various forms of CR diets strongly support translational exploration of restricted dietary patterns for reducing the burden of obesity-associated cancers. PREVENTION RELEVANCE Obesity is an established risk and progression factor for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Given rising global rates of obesity and TNBC, strategies to reduce the burden of obesity-driven TNBC are urgently needed. We report the genomic, epigenetic, and procancer effects of obesity are reversible by various calorie restriction regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura W. Bowers
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Emily L. Rossi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Montgomery
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael F. Coleman
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weida Gong
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joel S. Parker
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Howell
- Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, The Nightingale Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England,Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, England
| | - Michelle Harvie
- Prevent Breast Cancer Research Unit, The Nightingale Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England,Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, England
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, NC, USA
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21
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Pruett JE, Everman SJ, Hoang NH, Salau F, Taylor LC, Edwards KS, Hosler JP, Huffman AM, Romero DG, Yanes Cardozo LL. Mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in white adipose tissue in a rat model of PCOS: effect of SGLT2 inhibition. Biol Sex Differ 2022; 13:45. [PMID: 35986388 PMCID: PMC9389812 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-022-00455-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by androgen excess and ovulatory dysfunction, is associated with a high prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance (IR) in women. We demonstrated that sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) administration decreases fat mass without affecting IR in the PCOS model. In male models of IR, administration of SGLT2i decreases oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial function in white adipose tissue (WAT). Therefore, we hypothesized that SGLT2i reduces adiposity via improvement in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in WAT in PCOS model. Methods Four-week-old female rats were treated with dihydrotestosterone for 90 days (PCOS model), and SGLT2i (empagliflozin) was co-administered during the last 3 weeks. Body composition was measured before and after SGLT2i treatment by EchoMRI. Subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) WAT were collected for histological and molecular studies at the end of the study. Results PCOS model had an increase in food intake, body weight, body mass index, and fat mass/lean mass ratio compared to the control group. SGLT2i lowered fat mass/lean ratio in PCOS. Glucosuria was observed in both groups, but had a larger magnitude in controls. The net glucose balance was similar in both SGLT2i-treated groups. The PCOS SAT had a higher frequency of small adipocytes and a lower frequency of large adipocytes. In SAT of controls, SGLT2i increased frequencies of small and medium adipocytes while decreasing the frequency of large adipocytes, and this effect was blunted in PCOS. In VAT, PCOS had a lower frequency of small adipocytes while SGLT2i increased the frequency of small adipocytes in PCOS. PCOS model had decreased mitochondrial content in SAT and VAT without impacting oxidative stress in WAT or the circulation. SGLT2i did not modify mitochondrial function or oxidative stress in WAT in both treated groups. Conclusions Hyperandrogenemia in PCOS causes expansion of WAT, which is associated with decreases in mitochondrial content and function in SAT and VAT. SGLT2i increases the frequency of small adipocytes in VAT only without affecting mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, or IR in the PCOS model. SGLT2i decreases adiposity independently of adipose mitochondrial and oxidative stress mechanisms in the PCOS model. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13293-022-00455-x. Androgen excess in PCOS model is associated with decreased markers of mitochondrial content in both subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue. Androgen excess in PCOS model is associated with increased frequency of small adipocytes in subcutaneous white adipose tissue while decreasing frequency of small adipocytes in visceral white adipose tissue. SGLT2 inhibition did not modify markers of mitochondrial content or oxidative stress in either subcutaneous or visceral white adipose tissue in PCOS model. SGLT2 inhibition increased frequency of small adipocytes in both subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue in control rats; however, SGLT2 inhibition only increased frequency of small adipocytes in visceral white adipose tissue in PCOS model.
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22
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Zhang N, Kong F, Jing X, Zhou J, Zhao L, Soliman MM, Zhang L, Zhou F. Hongqu Rice Wines Ameliorate High-Fat/High-Fructose Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats. Alcohol Alcohol 2022; 57:776-787. [PMID: 35922962 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study evaluated the possible protective impact of different vintages of Hongqu rice wines on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rats induced by high-fat/high-fructose diet (HFFD). METHODS Rats were randomly divided into six groups and treated with (a) basal diet (13.9 kJ/g); (b) HFFD (20.0% w/w lard and 18.0% fructose, 18.9 kJ/g) and (c-f) HFFD with 3-, 5-, 8- and 15-year-aged Hongqu rice wines (9.96 ml/kg body weight), respectively, at an oral route for 20 weeks. RESULTS Hongqu rice wines could alleviate HFFD-induced augment of body weight gain and fat accumulation, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Glycolipid metabolic abnormalities caused by HFFD were ameliorated after Hongqu rice wines consumption by lowering levels of fasting insulin, GSP, HOMA-IR, AUC of OGTT and ITT, and lipid deposition (reduced contents of TG, TC, FFA and LDL-C, and elevated HDL-C level) in the serum and liver, probably via regulating expressions of genes involving in IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway, LDL-C uptake, fatty acid β-oxidation, and lipolysis, export and synthesis of TG. In addition, concentrations of MDA and blood pressure markers (ANG-II and ET-1) declined, and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) were improved in conditions of Hongqu rice wines compared to those in the HFFD group. Eight-year-aged Hongqu rice wine produced a more effective effect on alleviating HFFD-caused MetS among different vintages of Hongqu rice wines. CONCLUSION To sum up, Hongqu rice wines exhibited ameliorative effects on HFFD-induced MetS in rats based on antiobesity, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potential antihypertensive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fang Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Jing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Beijing Advance Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Liebing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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23
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Zhou J, Zhang N, Aldhahrani A, Soliman MM, Zhang L, Zhou F. Puerarin ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats by regulating hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956688. [PMID: 35958617 PMCID: PMC9359096 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the public health problems globally. The occurrence of NAFLD is usually accompanied by a series of chronic metabolic diseases, with a prevalence rate is 25.24% among adults worldwide. Therefore, NAFLD seriously affects the quality of life in patients and causes a large economic burden. It has been reported that puerarin has the function of lowering the serum lipids, but due to the complexity of NAFLD, the specific mechanism of action has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive or ameliorating effects of two doses of puerarin (0.11% and 0.22% in diet) on high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced NAFLD in rats. The rats were fed with HFFD-mixed puerarin for 20 weeks. The results showed that puerarin ameliorated the levels of lipids in the serum and liver. Further exploration of the mechanism found that puerarin ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation in NAFLD rats by reducing the expression of Srebf1, Chrebp, Acaca, Scd1, Fasn, Acacb, Cd36, Fatp5, Degs1, Plin2, and Apob100 and upregulating the expression of Mttp, Cpt1a, and Pnpla2. At the same time, after administration of puerarin, the levels of antioxidant markers (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) were significantly increased in the serum and liver, and the contents of serum and hepatic inflammatory factors (interleukin-18, interleukins-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α) were clearly decreased. In addition, puerarin could ameliorate the liver function. Overall, puerarin ameliorated HFFD-induced NAFLD by modulating liver lipid accumulation, liver function, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nanhai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Liebing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhou,
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24
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Okuno Y, Fukuhara A, Otsuki M, Shimomura I. ARMC5-CUL3 E3 ligase targets full-length SREBF in adrenocortical tumor. JCI Insight 2022; 7:151390. [PMID: 35862218 PMCID: PMC9462479 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivating mutations of ARMC5 are responsible for the development of bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (BMAH). Although ARMC5 inhibits adrenocortical tumor growth and is considered a tumor-suppressor gene, its molecular function is poorly understood. In this study, through biochemical purification using SREBF (SREBP) as bait, we identified the interaction between SREBF and ARMC5 through its Armadillo repeat. We also found that ARMC5 interacted with CUL3 through its BTB domain and underwent self-ubiquitination. ARMC5 colocalized with SREBF1 in the cytosol and induced proteasome-dependent degradation of full-length SREBF through ubiquitination. Introduction of missense mutations in Armadillo repeat of ARMC5 attenuated the interaction between SREBF, and introduction of mutations found in BMAH completely abolished its ability to degrade full-length SREBF. In H295R adrenocortical cells, silencing of ARMC5 increased full-length SREBFs and upregulated SREBF2 target genes. siARMC5-mediated cell growth was abrogated by simultaneous knockdown of SREBF2 in H295R cells. Our results demonstrate that ARMC5 was a substrate adaptor protein between full-length SREBF and CUL3-based E3 ligase, and they suggest the involvement of the SREBF pathway in the development of BMAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Okuno
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsunori Fukuhara
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Michio Otsuki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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25
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Nishitani S, Fukuhara A, Tomita I, Kume S, Shin J, Okuno Y, Otsuki M, Maegawa H, Shimomura I. Ketone body 3-hydroxybutyrate enhances adipocyte function. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10080. [PMID: 35710581 PMCID: PMC9203800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14268-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketone bodies, including 3HBA, are endogenous products of fatty acid oxidation, and Hmgcs2 is the first rate-limiting enzyme of ketogenesis. From database analysis and in vivo and in vitro experiments, we found that adipose tissue and adipocytes express Hmgcs2, and that adipocytes produce and secrete 3HBA. Treatment with 3HBA enhanced the gene expression levels of the antioxidative stress factors, PPARγ, and lipogenic factors in adipose tissue in vivo and in adipocytes in vitro, accompanied by reduced ROS levels. Knockdown of endogenous Hmgcs2 in adipocytes markedly decreased 3HBA levels in adipocytes and decreased the gene expression levels of the antioxidative stress factors, PPARγ, and lipogenic factors with increased ROS levels. Conversely, overexpression of Hmgcs2 in adipocytes increased 3HBA secretion from adipocytes and enhanced the gene expression levels of the antioxidative stress factors, PPARγ, and lipogenic factors. These results demonstrate that 3HBA plays significant roles in enhancing the physiological function of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Nishitani
- Departments of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Departments of Lifestyle Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsunori Fukuhara
- Departments of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. .,Departments of Adipose Management, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Issei Tomita
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinji Kume
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Jihoon Shin
- Departments of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Departments of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okuno
- Departments of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Otsuki
- Departments of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maegawa
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Departments of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Isesele P, Enstad S, Huong P, Thomas R, Wagner CL, Sen S, Cheema SK. Breast Milk from Non-Obese Women with a High Omega-6 to Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio, but Not from Women with Obesity, Increases Lipogenic Gene Expression in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes, Suggesting Adipocyte Dysfunction. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051129. [PMID: 35625866 PMCID: PMC9138889 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal body mass index is associated with breast milk (BM) fatty acid composition. This study investigated the effects of BM omega (n)-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from non-obese women and women with obesity on the process of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. BM samples were collected from non-obese women (BMNO) and women with obesity (BMO) at one month postpartum. The fatty acid composition was measured, and BMNO and BMO groups with the lowest (Q1) and highest (Q4) quartiles of n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios were identified. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated in the presence or absence of BM. Lipid accumulation and the expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis were measured. Treatment with BMNO containing high (vs. low) n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios significantly increased the mRNA expression of lipogenic genes (acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase); however, there was no effect when cells were treated with BMO (with either low or high n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios). Treatment with BMO (high n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio) caused larger lipid droplets. Our findings demonstrated that BMNO with a high n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio was associated with a higher expression of lipogenic genes, while BMO with a high n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio showed larger lipid droplets, suggesting adipocyte dysfunction. These findings may have implications in the BM-mediated programming of childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Isesele
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada;
| | - Samantha Enstad
- Winnie Palmer Hospital for Women and Babies, Orlando, FL 32806, USA;
| | - Pham Huong
- School of Science/Boreal Ecosystems and Agriculture Sciences, Memorial University, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (P.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Raymond Thomas
- School of Science/Boreal Ecosystems and Agriculture Sciences, Memorial University, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada; (P.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Carol L. Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Shawn Jenkins Children’s Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Sarbattama Sen
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Sukhinder K. Cheema
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-7-09-864-3987
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Minemura T, Fukuhara A, Otsuki M, Shimomura I. Lactate dehydrogenase regulates basal glucose uptake in adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 607:20-27. [PMID: 35366539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Plasma glucose levels are homeostatically regulated within strict boundaries and are maintained through a balance between peripheral glucose uptake and hepatic glucose production. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of glucose uptake in adipocytes during fasting. Under fasting conditions, the expression levels of 8 glycolytic enzymes were significantly reduced in adipose tissue. Among them, we focused on lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), the last enzyme of the glycolytic pathway. Under fasting conditions, both LDHA and Glut1 protein levels tended to decrease in adipose tissue. To elucidate the significance of LDHA in adipocytes, we generated adipocyte-specific LDHA knockout mice (AdLDHAKO) for the first time. AdLDHAKO mice showed no apparent changes in body weight or tissue weight. Under fasting conditions, AdLDHAKO mice exhibited a significant reduction in Glut1 protein levels and glucose uptake in adipose tissues compared with control mice. Similarly, siRNA of LDHA in 3T3-L1 adipocytes reduced Glut1 protein levels and basal glucose uptake. Moreover, treatment with bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of lysosomal protein degradation, restored Glut1 protein levels by siRNA of LDHA. These results indicate that LDHA regulates Glut1 expression and basal glucose uptake in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Minemura
- Osaka University Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Japan
| | - Atsunori Fukuhara
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Adipose Management, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Michio Otsuki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Laget J, Vigor C, Nouvel A, Rocher A, Leroy J, Jeanson L, Reversat G, Oger C, Galano JM, Durand T, Péraldi-Roux S, Azay-Milhau J, Lajoix AD. Reduced production of isoprostanes by peri-pancreatic adipose tissue from Zucker fa/fa rats as a new mechanism for β-cell compensation in insulin resistance and obesity. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:160-170. [PMID: 35227851 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During early stages of type 2 diabetes, named prediabetes, pancreatic β-cells compensate for insulin resistance through increased insulin secretion in order to maintain normoglycemia. Obesity leads to the development of ectopic fat deposits, among which peri-pancreatic white adipose tissue (pWAT) can communicate with β-cells through soluble mediators. Thus we investigated whether pWAT produced oxygenated lipids, namely isoprostanes and neuroprostanes and whether they can influence β-cell function in obesity. In the Zucker fa/fa rat model, pWAT and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) displayed different inflammatory profiles. In obese rats, pWAT, but not eWAT, released less amounts of 5-F2t-isoprostanes, 15-F2t-isoprostanes, 4-F4t-neuroprostanes and 10-F4t-neuroprostane compared to lean animals. These differences could be explained by a greater induction of antioxidant defenses enzymes such as SOD-1, SOD-2, and catalase in pWAT of obese animals compared to eWAT. In addition, sPLA2 IIA, involved in the release of isoprostanoids from cellular membranes, was decreased in pWAT of obese animals, but not in eWAT, and may also account for the reduced release of oxidized lipids by this tissue. At a functional level, 15-F2t-isoprostane epimers, but not 5-F2t-isoprostanes, were able to decrease glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic islets from Wistar rats. This effect appeared to be mediated through activation of the thromboxane A2 receptor and reduction of cAMP signaling in pancreatic islets. In conclusion, through the removal of an inhibitory tone exerted by isoprostanes, we have shown, for the first time, a new mechanism allowing β-cells to compensate for insulin resistance in obesity that is linked to a biocommunication between adipose tissue and β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Laget
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France; RD-Néphrologie, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Agathe Nouvel
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Rocher
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Jérémy Leroy
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Jeanson
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Reversat
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Sylvie Péraldi-Roux
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
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29
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Toyoda S, Shin J, Fukuhara A, Otsuki M, Shimomura I. Transforming growth factor β1 signaling links extracellular matrix remodeling to intracellular lipogenesis upon physiological feeding events. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101748. [PMID: 35189145 PMCID: PMC8931428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue dynamically changes its mass in response to external nutritional status, which plays an important role in maintaining the lipid homeostasis. Physiologically, feeding events are associated with the expansion of adipose tissue, but little is known about the detailed molecular mechanisms of this expansion. Here, using comprehensive transcriptome analysis, we found that levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), a key regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, were increased in adipose tissue under feeding conditions and associated with the lipogenic pathway. In addition, TGF-β receptors are highly expressed in adipose tissue, and pharmacological inhibition of TGF-β1 reduced adipose tissue mass and caused ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver. This reduced fat mass was associated with decreased gene expression in ECM remodeling and lipogenesis. Furthermore, similar results were observed in the adipose tissue of SMAD family member 3 knockout mice or upon systemic TGF-β neutralization, with significant reductions in both ECM remodeling and lipogenesis-related genes. Mechanistically, we found that insulin-induced TGF-β1 and cell-autonomous action remodels the ECM of adipocytes, which controls the downstream focal adhesion kinase–AKT signaling cascades and enhances the lipogenic pathway. Of note, destruction of collagens or matrix metalloproteinase/a disintegrin and metalloprotease activities, critical components of ECM remodeling, blocked TGF-β1-mediated focal adhesion kinase–AKT signaling and the lipogenic pathway. Taken together, this study identifies a previously unknown lipogenic role of TGF-β1 by which adipocytes can expand to adapt to physiological feeding events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Toyoda
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jihoon Shin
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Atsunori Fukuhara
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Adipose Management, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Otsuki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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30
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Assumpção JAF, Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento G, Duarte MSV, Bonamino MH, Magalhães KG. The ambiguous role of obesity in oncology by promoting cancer but boosting antitumor immunotherapy. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:12. [PMID: 35164764 PMCID: PMC8842976 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is nowadays considered a pandemic which prevalence's has been steadily increasingly in western countries. It is a dynamic, complex, and multifactorial disease which propitiates the development of several metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. Excessive adipose tissue has been causally related to cancer progression and is a preventable risk factor for overall and cancer-specific survival, associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. The onset of obesity features a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and secretion of a diversity of adipocyte-derived molecules (adipokines, cytokines, hormones), responsible for altering the metabolic, inflammatory, and immune landscape. The crosstalk between adipocytes and tumor cells fuels the tumor microenvironment with pro-inflammatory factors, promoting tissue injury, mutagenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Although classically established as a risk factor for cancer and treatment toxicity, recent evidence suggests mild obesity is related to better outcomes, with obese cancer patients showing better responses to treatment when compared to lean cancer patients. This phenomenon is termed obesity paradox and has been reported in different types and stages of cancer. The mechanisms underlying this paradoxical relationship between obesity and cancer are still not fully described but point to systemic alterations in metabolic fitness and modulation of the tumor microenvironment by obesity-associated molecules. Obesity impacts the response to cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy, and has been reported as having a positive association with immune checkpoint therapy. In this review, we discuss obesity's association to inflammation and cancer, also highlighting potential physiological and biological mechanisms underlying this association, hoping to clarify the existence and impact of obesity paradox in cancer development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Saldanha Viegas Duarte
- Immunology and Tumor Biology Program - Research Coordination, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Martín Hernan Bonamino
- Immunology and Tumor Biology Program - Research Coordination, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Vice - Presidency of Research and Biological Collections (VPPCB), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kelly Grace Magalhães
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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31
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Protective role of intergenerational paternal resistance training on fibrosis, inflammatory profile, and redox status in the adipose tissue of rat offspring fed with a high-fat diet. Life Sci 2022; 295:120377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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32
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Wang X, Yang Y, Zhao D, Zhang S, Chen Y, Chen Y, Feng K, Li X, Han J, Iwakiri Y, Duan Y, Yang X. Inhibition of high-fat diet-induced obesity via reduction of ER-resident protein Nogo occurs through multiple mechanisms. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101561. [PMID: 34998825 PMCID: PMC8814669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Reticulon-4 (Nogo) is an endoplasmic reticulum–resident protein with unclear functions in obesity. Herein, we investigated the effect of Nogo on obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Human serum samples were collected to explore the relationship between circulating Nogo-B and body mass index value. Nogo-deficient and WT littermate control mice were fed normal chow or high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks, and HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice were injected scrambled or Nogo siRNA for 2 weeks. We found that in human and mouse serum, Nogo-B was positively correlated to body mass index/bodyweight and lipid profiles. Reduced Nogo (by genetic deletion or siRNA transfection) protected mice against HFD-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders. We demonstrate that Nogo deficiency reversed HFD-induced whitening of brown adipose tissue, thereby increasing thermogenesis. It also ameliorated lipid accumulation in tissues by activating the adiponectin–adiponectin receptor 1–AMP-activated kinase α signaling axis. Finally, Nogo deficiency potently reduced HFD-induced serum proinflammatory cytokines and infiltration of macrophages into metabolic organs, which is related to enhanced NF-κB p65 degradation via the lysosome pathway. Collectively, our study suggests that reduced levels of Nogo protect mice against HFD-induced obesity by increasing thermogenesis and energy metabolism while inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation. Our results indicate that inhibition of Nogo may be a potential strategy for obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jihong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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Okuro K, Fukuhara A, Minemura T, Hayakawa T, Nishitani S, Okuno Y, Otsuki M, Shimomura I. Glutamine deficiency induces lipolysis in adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 585:155-161. [PMID: 34801935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body, and adipose tissue is one of the glutamine-producing organs. Glutamine has important and unique metabolic functions; however, its effects in adipocytes are still unclear. 3T3-L1 adipocytes produced and secreted glutamine dependent on glutamine synthetase, but preadipocytes did not. The inhibition of glutamine synthetase by l-methionine sulfoximine (MSO) impaired the differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes, and this inhibitory effect of MSO was rescued by exogenous glutamine supplementation. Glutamine concentrations were low, and Atgl gene expression was high in epididymal white adipose tissues of fasting mice in vivo. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, glutamine deprivation induced Atgl expression and increased glycerol concentration in culture medium. Atgl expression is regulated by FoxO1, and glutamine deprivation reduced FoxO1 phosphorylation (Ser256), indicating the activation of FoxO1. These results demonstrate that glutamine is necessary for the differentiation of preadipocytes and regulates lipolysis through FoxO1 in mature adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Okuro
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsunori Fukuhara
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Adipose Management, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Minemura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hayakawa
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Nishitani
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Okuno
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Otsuki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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P2RY2 Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting YAP Phosphorylation and Reducing Mitochondrial Fission. Neuroscience 2021; 480:155-166. [PMID: 34780922 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
P2Y purinoceptor 2 (P2RY2) is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of P2RY2 on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its molecular mechanism. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats and OXYGEN and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in PC12 cells were established. P2RY2 expressions in I/R injury model in vitro and in vivo were up-regulated. In the OGD/R group, ROS level, cyto-CytC and mitochondrial fission factors expressions and cell apoptosis were increased, while SOD activity, mito-CytC and mitochondrial fusion factors expressions were decreased. P2RY2 overexpression could reverse these results. Up-regulated P2RY2 expression decreased Yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation level, promote the nuclear translocation of YAP, and inhibit cell apoptosis, which can be reversed by YAP inhibitor verteporfin. The addition of PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 could reverse the decrease of YAP phosphorylation level and cell apoptosis, and the increase of nuclear translocation caused by P2RY2 overexpression. Further in vivo studies validated that interference with P2RY2 increased the cerebral infarction area, decreased AKT expression, enhanced YAP phosphorylation, and inhibited the nuclear translocation of YAP. In conclusion, P2RY2 can alleviate cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting YAP phosphorylation and reducing mitochondrial fission.
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Abstract
Obesity is a chronic and progressive process affecting whole-body energy balance and is associated with comorbidities development. In addition to increased fat mass, obesity induces white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and fibrosis, leading to local and systemic metabolic dysfunctions, such as insulin resistance (IR). Accordingly, limiting inflammation or fibrosis deposition may improve IR and glucose homeostasis. Although no targeted therapy yet exists to slow or reverse adipose tissue fibrosis, a number of findings have clarified the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. In this review, we highlight adipose tissue remodeling events shown to be associated with fibrosis deposition, with a focus on adipose progenitors involved in obesity-induced healthy as well as unhealthy WAT expansion. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 84 is February 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Marcelin
- INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approach (NutriOmics) Research Unit, UMRS U1269, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; ,
| | | | - Karine Clément
- INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approach (NutriOmics) Research Unit, UMRS U1269, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; , .,Nutrition Department, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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36
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Nour OA, Ghoniem HA, Nader MA, Suddek GM. Impact of protocatechuic acid on high fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome sequelae in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174257. [PMID: 34129881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the possible protective impact of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome (Mets) sequelae in rats. Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly grouped as follows: CTR group; PCA group; HFD group; HFD-PCA group and HFD-MET group. Rats were fed on standard diet or HFD for 14 weeks. HFD-fed rats exhibited significant decreases in food intake and adiponectin (ADP) level; yet, body weight and anthropometrical parameters were significantly increased. Moreover, insulin sensitivity was impaired as indicated by significant elevation in glucose AUC during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting serum glucose, fasting serum insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Furthermore, chronic HFD feeding elicited significant increases in serum lipid profile and free fatty acids (FFAs) with concomitant hepatic steatosis. Additionally, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 1b (Il-1b) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1) levels were increased. Also, HFD-fed rats exhibited an increase in MDA level, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities were decreased. Moreover, the insulin-signaling pathway was markedly impaired in soleus muscles as indicated by a decrease in insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation. Histopathologically, adipose tissues showed significant increase in adipocyte size. Also, flow cytometry analysis of adipose tissue confirmed a significant increase in the percentage of number of CD68+ cells. PCA administration succeeded to attenuate HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation. In conclusion, PCA administration could protect against HFD-induced Mets, possibly via its hypoglycemic, insulin-sensitizing, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia A Nour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Hamdy A Ghoniem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar A Nader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Wan XM, Chen J, Wang M, Zheng C, Zhou XL. Puerarin attenuates cadmium-induced hepatic lipid metabolism disorder by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 222:111521. [PMID: 34171769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant with known toxic effects on the liver. Puerarin (PU), a natural flavonoid, has been shown to exert protective effect in numerous pathological processes. However, whether PU affords protection in Cd-induced liver damage is still equivocal. Therefore, 40 mice were treated with Cd and/or PU by gavage for 9 weeks, then the serum and liver samples were collected to verify this issue. In this study, Cd exposure triggered hepatic lipid metabolism disorders and resultant liver damage as evidenced by Oil Red O staining and total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in serum and liver, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in serum, and histopathology, which were significantly improved by PU. Moreover, PU also normalized the expression of Cd-disturbed lipid metabolism-related proteins to improve lipid accumulation, contributing to the alleviation of liver injury. Moreover, Cd-decreased antioxidative indices superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) as well as glutathione (GSH) in hepatic tissues were significantly attenuated by PU administration, while Cd-elevated hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were markedly down-regulated by PU treatment, demonstrating the antioxidant effect of PU against Cd exposure. In addition, PU supplementation increased the anti-inflammatory potential, and normalized the levels of proinflammatory cytokines during Cd exposure. In conclusion, these observations demonstrate that PU treatment decreases oxidative stress and inflammation response, which may contribute to prevent Cd-induced lipid metabolism disorder and consequent liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Wan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China
| | - Jing Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China
| | - Min Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xue-Lei Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China.
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Annie-Mathew AS, Prem-Santhosh S, Jayasuriya R, Ganesh G, Ramkumar KM, Sarada DVL. The pivotal role of Nrf2 activators in adipocyte biology. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105853. [PMID: 34455076 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is instrumental in maintaining metabolic homeostasis by regulating energy storage in the form of triglycerides. In the case of over-nutrition, adipocytes favorably regulate lipogenesis over lipolysis and accumulate excess triglycerides, resulting in increased adipose tissue mass. An abnormal increase in hypertrophic adipocytes is associated with chronic complications such as insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Experimental studies indicate the occurrence of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of obesity. A common underlying link between increasing adipose tissue mass and oxidative stress is the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling, which plays an indispensable role in metabolic homeostasis by regulating oxidative and inflammatory responses. Additionally, Nrf2 also activates CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, (C/EBP-α), C/EBP-β and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) the crucial pro-adipogenic factors that promote de novo adipogenesis. Hence, at the forefront of research is the quest for prospecting novel compounds to modulate Nrf2 activity in the context of adipogenesis and obesity. This review summarizes the molecular mechanism behind the activation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling network and the role of Nrf2 activators in adipocyte pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Annie-Mathew
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Prem-Santhosh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Goutham Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India; SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - D V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Sakane S, Hikita H, Shirai K, Myojin Y, Sasaki Y, Kudo S, Fukumoto K, Mizutani N, Tahata Y, Makino Y, Yamada R, Kodama T, Sakamori R, Tatsumi T, Takehara T. White Adipose Tissue Autophagy and Adipose-Liver Crosstalk Exacerbate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1683-1699. [PMID: 34303881 PMCID: PMC8551788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with obesity, the role of adipose tissue in NAFLD is not well-understood. Because autophagy has been reported to be involved in the degradation of lipid droplets, we investigated the role of adipose tissue autophagy in the liver pathogenesis of NAFLD. METHODS C57BL/6J mice and adipocyte-specific Atg7-knockout mice (Adipoq-Atg7 KO mice) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD). RESULTS HFD feeding for up to 4 months increased both inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissue (iWAT and eWAT, respectively; the former represents subcutaneous fat, and the latter represents visceral fat) in mice. After HFD feeding, autophagy flux in both types of white adipose tissue was increased, and the levels of Rubicon, a negative autophagy regulator, were decreased, suggesting autophagy promotion. Adipoq-Atg7 KO mice exhibited suppressed autophagy in both iWAT and eWAT. Adipocyte-specific Atg7 KO enhanced HFD-induced iWAT hypertrophy. On the other hand, eWAT levels in Adipoq-Atg7 KO mice were increased after 1 month of HFD feeding but decreased after 4 months of HFD feeding compared with those in wild-type controls. Cleaved caspase 3 and JNK pathway protein expression in eWAT was increased without cytokine elevation in Adipoq-Atg7 KO mice fed an HFD compared with wild-type mice fed an HFD. Adipocyte-specific Atg7 KO decreased serum free fatty acid levels and ameliorated HFD-induced steatosis, liver inflammation, and fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Autophagy was enhanced in the white adipose tissues of mice fed an HFD. Autophagy inhibition in white adipose tissues ameliorated the liver pathology of NAFLD via adipose-liver crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Tetsuo Takehara, MD, PhD, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan. fax: +81-6-6879-3629.
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40
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Changes in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue phenotype following menopause is associated with increased visceral fat mass. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14750. [PMID: 34285301 PMCID: PMC8292317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is associated with a redistribution of adipose tissue towards central adiposity, known to cause insulin resistance. In this cross-sectional study of 33 women between 45 and 60 years, we assessed adipose tissue inflammation and morphology in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) across menopause and related this to menopausal differences in adipose tissue distribution and insulin resistance. We collected paired SAT and VAT biopsies from all women and combined this with anthropometric measurements and estimated whole-body insulin sensitivity. We found that menopause was associated with changes in adipose tissue phenotype related to metabolic dysfunction. In SAT, postmenopausal women showed adipocyte hypertrophy, increased inflammation, hypoxia and fibrosis. The postmenopausal changes in SAT was associated with increased visceral fat accumulation. In VAT, menopause was associated with adipocyte hypertrophy, immune cell infiltration and fibrosis. The postmenopausal changes in VAT phenotype was associated with decreased insulin sensitivity. Based on these findings we suggest, that menopause is associated with changes in adipose tissue phenotype related to metabolic dysfunction in both SAT and VAT. Whereas increased SAT inflammation in the context of menopause is associated with VAT accumulation, VAT morphology is related to insulin resistance.
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Okuma H, Mori K, Nakamura S, Sekine T, Ogawa Y, Tsuchiya K. Ipragliflozin Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy Associated with Perirenal Adipose Expansion in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147329. [PMID: 34298949 PMCID: PMC8304702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors inhibit the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We determined whether changes in perirenal fat (PRAT) by a SGLT2 inhibitor ipragliflozin (Ipra) contribute to the suppression of DN development. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were used as a DN model and were treated with or without Ipra for 6 weeks. Ipra treatment reduced urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and glomerular hypertrophy in HFD-fed mice. In the PRAT of Ipra-treated mice, adipocyte size was increased, and inflammation, fibrosis, and adipocyte death were suppressed. In conditioned medium made from PRAT (PRAT-CM) of Ipra-treated mice, the concentration of leptin was significantly lower than PRAT-CM of mice without Ipra treatment. Serum leptin concentration in renal vein positively correlated with UAE. PRAT-CM from HFD-fed mice showed greater cell proliferation signaling in mouse glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) than PRAT-CM from standard diet-fed mice via p38MAPK and leptin-dependent pathways, whose effects were significantly attenuated in PRAT-CM from Ipra-treated mice. These findings suggest that Ipra-induced PRAT expansion may play an important role in the improvement of DN in HFD-fed mice. In vitro experiments suggest that reduced PRAT-derived leptin by Ipra could inhibit GECs proliferation, possibly contributing to the suppression of DN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Okuma
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo 4093898, Japan; (H.O.); (K.M.); (S.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo 4093898, Japan; (H.O.); (K.M.); (S.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Suguru Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo 4093898, Japan; (H.O.); (K.M.); (S.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Tetsuo Sekine
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo 4093898, Japan; (H.O.); (K.M.); (S.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan;
| | - Kyoichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo 4093898, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-55-273-9602
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Redox Regulation of Lipid Mobilization in Adipose Tissues. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071090. [PMID: 34356323 PMCID: PMC8301038 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid mobilization in adipose tissues, which includes lipogenesis and lipolysis, is a paramount process in regulating systemic energy metabolism. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are byproducts of cellular metabolism that exert signaling functions in several cellular processes, including lipolysis and lipogenesis. During lipolysis, the adipose tissue generates ROS and RNS and thus requires a robust antioxidant response to maintain tight regulation of redox signaling. This review will discuss the production of ROS and RNS within the adipose tissue, their role in regulating lipolysis and lipogenesis, and the implications of antioxidants on lipid mobilization.
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Abstract
Adipose is a key tissue regulating energy homeostasis. In states of obesity, caloric intake exceeds energy expenditure, thereby accelerating lipid accumulation with ongoing extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Excess deposition of lipids and expansion of adipocytes potentially decrease ECM flexibility with local hypoxia and inflammation. Hypoxia and chronic low-grade inflammation accelerate the development of adipose tissue fibrosis and related metabolic dysfunctions. Recent research investigated that some cytokines and proteins are functional in regulating energy homeostasis, meanwhile, are potential targets to fight against adipose tissue fibrosis and insulin resistance. In this review, we focused on the regulatory mechanisms and mediators in remodeling of adipose tissue fibrosis, along with their relevance to clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
- Diagnostic Research Center, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Hongxia Gao
- School of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yutaka Hasegawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Xiaodan Lu
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
- Diagnostic Research Center, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Changchun, China
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44
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Woeller CF, Lim SA, Roztocil E, Yee M, Beier EE, Puzas JE, O'Reilly MA. Neonatal hyperoxia impairs adipogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and fat accumulation in adult mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:287-298. [PMID: 33757863 PMCID: PMC8096722 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is a risk factor for growth failure and development of respiratory disease in children and young adults. Their early exposure to oxygen may contribute to lung disease because adult mice exposed to hyperoxia as neonates display reduced lung function, changes in the host response to respiratory viral infections, and develop pulmonary hypertension and heart failure that shortens their lifespan. Here, we provide new evidence that neonatal hyperoxia also impairs growth by inhibiting fat accumulation. Failure to accumulate fat may reflect a systemic defect in adipogenic potential of stem cells because bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) isolated from the mice grew slower and were more oxidized compared to controls. They also displayed reduced capacity to accumulate lipid and differentiate into adipocytes. BMSCs from adult mice exposed to neonatal hyperoxia express lower levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a transcription factor that drives adipocyte differentiation. The defect in adipogenesis was rescued by expressing PPARγ in these cells. These findings reveal early life exposure to high levels of oxygen may suppresses fat accumulation and impair adipogenic differentiation upstream of PPARγ signaling, thus potentially contributing to growth failure seen in people born preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collynn F Woeller
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Sydney A Lim
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Elisa Roztocil
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Min Yee
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Eric E Beier
- Departments of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - J Edward Puzas
- Departments of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Departments of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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45
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Gorwood J, Bourgeois C, Pourcher V, Pourcher G, Charlotte F, Mantecon M, Rose C, Morichon R, Atlan M, Le Grand R, Desjardins D, Katlama C, Fève B, Lambotte O, Capeau J, Béréziat V, Lagathu C. The Integrase Inhibitors Dolutegravir and Raltegravir Exert Proadipogenic and Profibrotic Effects and Induce Insulin Resistance in Human/Simian Adipose Tissue and Human Adipocytes. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:e549-e560. [PMID: 32166319 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) promote peripheral and central adipose tissue/weight gain in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV), the underlying mechanism has not been identified. Here, we used human and simian models to assess the impact of INSTIs on adipose tissue phenotype and function. METHODS Adipocyte size and fibrosis were determined in biopsies of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (SCAT and VAT, respectively) from 14 noninfected macaques and 19 PHIV treated or not treated with an INSTI. Fibrosis, adipogenesis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and insulin sensitivity were assessed in human proliferating or adipocyte-differentiated adipose stem cells after long-term exposure to dolutegravir or raltegravir. RESULTS We observed elevated fibrosis, adipocyte size, and adipogenic marker expression in SCAT and VAT from INSTI-treated noninfected macaques. Adiponectin expression was low in SCAT. Accordingly, SCAT and VAT samples from INSTI-exposed patients displayed higher levels of fibrosis than those from nonexposed patients. In vitro, dolutegravir and, to a lesser extent, raltegravir were associated with greater extracellular matrix production and lipid accumulation in adipose stem cells and/or adipocytes as observed in vivo. Despite the INSTIs' proadipogenic and prolipogenic effects, these drugs promoted oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS Dolutegravir and raltegravir can directly impact adipocytes and adipose tissue. These INSTIs induced adipogenesis, lipogenesis, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and insulin resistance. The present study is the first to shed light on the fat modifications observed in INSTI-treated PHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gorwood
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Christine Bourgeois
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Université Paris Sud 11, Inserm U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Infectious Disease Models and Innovative Therapies Department, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Valérie Pourcher
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université-Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Pourcher
- Obesity Center, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Charlotte
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Mantecon
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Cindy Rose
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Romain Morichon
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Michael Atlan
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France.,Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Chirurgie Plastique et Esthétique, Paris, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Université Paris Sud 11, Inserm U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Infectious Disease Models and Innovative Therapies Department, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Delphine Desjardins
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Université Paris Sud 11, Inserm U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Infectious Disease Models and Innovative Therapies Department, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christine Katlama
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université-Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Fève
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France.,Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Pathologies de la Résistance à l'Insuline et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité, Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Reproduction, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Université Paris Sud 11, Inserm U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Infectious Disease Models and Innovative Therapies Department, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Claire Lagathu
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition, Paris, France
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Contribution of Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress to Obesity-Associated Diabetes Risk and Ethnic Differences: Focus on Women of African Ancestry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040622. [PMID: 33921645 PMCID: PMC8073769 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) storage capacity is central in the maintenance of whole-body homeostasis, especially in obesity states. However, sustained nutrients overflow may dysregulate this function resulting in adipocytes hypertrophy, AT hypoxia, inflammation and oxidative stress. Systemic inflammation may also contribute to the disruption of AT redox equilibrium. AT and systemic oxidative stress have been involved in the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) through several mechanisms. Interestingly, fat accumulation, body fat distribution and the degree of how adiposity translates into cardio-metabolic diseases differ between ethnicities. Populations of African ancestry have a higher prevalence of obesity and higher T2D risk than populations of European ancestry, mainly driven by higher rates among African women. Considering the reported ethnic-specific differences in AT distribution and function and higher levels of systemic oxidative stress markers, oxidative stress is a potential contributor to the higher susceptibility for metabolic diseases in African women. This review summarizes existing evidence supporting this hypothesis while acknowledging a lack of data on AT oxidative stress in relation to IR in Africans, and the potential influence of other ethnicity-related modulators (e.g., genetic-environment interplay, socioeconomic factors) for consideration in future studies with different ethnicities.
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Pu Y, Zhao Q, Men X, Jin W, Yang M. MicroRNA-325 facilitates atherosclerosis progression by mediating the SREBF1/LXR axis via KDM1A. Life Sci 2021; 277:119464. [PMID: 33811891 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS MicroRNA-325 (miR-325) was significantly upregulated in diabetic atherosclerosis, while its specific role in atherosclerosis has not been established. The present study was set to probe the effects of miR-325 on the atherosclerosis progression and to explore the mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ApoE-/- mouse with atherosclerosis was developed to detect the miR-325 expression in atherosclerotic plaques. The pathological symptoms of atherosclerotic mice were observed by injection of miR-325 mimic or inhibitor. Subsequently, the levels of CRP, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-ɑ in mouse serum were measured by ELISA. Then, miR-325 was overexpressed or silenced in RAW264.7-derived foam cells (FCs), and cholesterol efflux and lipid content were evaluated. Furthermore, miR-325 expression was altered in HA-VSMCs to measure viability and apoptosis. The targets of miR-325 were predicted in a bioinformatics website, and the expression of KDM1A, SREBF1 and PPARγ-LXR-ABCA1 in mouse arterial tissues and cells was detected, followed by rescue experiments. KEY FINDINGS miR-325 was elevated in arterial tissues of atherosclerotic mice, and miR-325 inhibition in mice reduced the contents of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and CRP, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-ɑ levels in mouse serum. miR-325 inhibitor facilitated the cholesterol efflux and decreased the lipid content in RAW264.7 cells, and also diminished HA-VSMC viability. miR-325 targeted KDM1A to reduce SREBF1 expression, and further KDM1A suppression inhibited cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 cells and the activation of PPARγ-LXR-ABCA1 pathway. SIGNIFICANCE miR-325 lowers SREBF1 expression by decreasing KDM1A expression, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PPARγ-LXR-ABCA1 pathway and thus promoting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Pu
- Department of General Family Medicine No.1, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of General Family Medicine No.1, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuelin Men
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Catheter Room, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, Shandong, PR China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250031, Shandong, PR China.
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Peripancreatic Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Inflammation during High Fat Intake of Palm Oils or Lard in Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041134. [PMID: 33808251 PMCID: PMC8065769 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive fat consumption leads to the development of ectopic adipose tissues, affecting the organs they surround. Peripancreatic adipose tissue is implicated in glucose homeostasis regulation and can be impaired in obesity. High palm oil consumption's effects on health are still debated. We hypothesised that crude and refined palm oil high-fat feeding may have contrasting effects on peripancreatic adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation and lipid oxidation compound production in obese rats. In Wistar rats, morphological changes, inflammation and isoprostanoid production following oxidative stress were assessed in peripancreatic adipose tissue after 12 weeks of diets enriched in crude or refined palm oil or lard (56% energy from fat in each case) versus a standard chow diet (11% energy from fat). Epididymal white and periaortic brown adipose tissues were also included in the study. A refined palm oil diet disturbed glucose homeostasis and promoted lipid deposition in periaortic locations, as well as adipocyte hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration and isoprostanoid (5-F2c-isoprostane and 7(RS)-ST-Δ8-11-dihomo-isofuran) production in peripancreatic adipose tissue. Crude palm oil induced a lower impact on adipose deposits than its refined form and lard. Our results show that the antioxidant composition of crude palm oil may have a protective effect on ectopic adipose tissues under the condition of excessive fat intake.
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Nunoue T, Yamaguchi S, Teshigawara S, Katayama A, Nakatsuka A, Eguchi J, Niki T, Wada J. Lgals9 deficiency ameliorates obesity by modulating redox state of PRDX2. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5991. [PMID: 33727589 PMCID: PMC7966757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The adipose tissue is regarded as an endocrine organ and secretes bioactive adipokines modulating chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity. Gal-9 is secreted out upon cell injuries, interacts with T-cell immunoglobulin-3 (Tim-3) and induces apoptosis in activated Th1 cells. Gal-9 also binds to protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), maintains PDI on surface of T cells, and increases free thiols in the disulfide/thiol cycles. To explore the molecular mechanism of obesity, we investigated Gal-9−/− and Gal-9wt/wt C57BL/6J mice fed with high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) chow. Gal-9−/− mice were resistant to diet-induced obesity associated with reduction of epididymal and mesenteric fat tissues and improved glucose tolerance compared with Gal-9wt/wt mice. However, the number of M1, M2 macrophages, and M1/M2 ratio in epididymal fat were unaltered. Under HFHS chow, Gal-9−/− mice receiving Gal-9−/− or Gal-9wt/wt bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) demonstrated significantly lower body weight compared with Gal-9wt/wt mice receiving Gal-9−/− BMCs. We identified the binding between Gal-9 and peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2) in sugar chain-independent manner by nanoLC-MS/MS, immunoprecipitation, and pull-down assay. In 3T3L1 adipocytes, Gal-9 knockdown shifts PRDX2 monomer (reduced form) dominant from PRDX2 dimer (oxidized form) under oxidative stress with H2O2. The inhibition of Gal-9 in adipocytes may be a new therapeutic approach targeting the oxidative stress and subsequent glucose intolerance in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Nunoue
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Sanae Teshigawara
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akihiro Katayama
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakatsuka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jun Eguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Immunology, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Janson B, Prasomthong J, Malakul W, Boonsong T, Tunsophon S. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx extract prevents the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and obesity-related insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111438. [PMID: 33721756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is reported to be beneficial in treating obesity which can develop into a range of metabolic disorders. The molecular mechanisms by which roselle extract works to prevent obesity-related insulin resistance remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that the roselle extract can decrease lipid accumulation and improve insulin resistance by downregulating adipogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of roselle extract on the mechanism of adipogenesis and prevent complications of the obesity-related insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obese rats for 8 weeks. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control (C), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg BW of roselle (R250), and high-fat diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg BW of roselle (R500). The results demonstrated that roselle had the potential to reduce body weight, food intake, lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation, serum leptin, insulin and duodenal glucose absorption, while significantly increased glucose uptake of adipose tissue and muscle when compared to the HFD group. Roselle can prevent lipid accumulation by suppressing differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocyte by downregulating the adipogenic gene expression. The results of this study demonstrated that the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of roselle, could be an alternative approach for obesity-related insulin resistance prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjarat Janson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Janjira Prasomthong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Tantip Boonsong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sakara Tunsophon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand.
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