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Plawecki M, Gayrard N, Jeanson L, Chauvin A, Lajoix AD, Cristol JP, Jover B, Raynaud F. Cardiac remodeling associated with chronic kidney disease is enhanced in a rat model of metabolic syndrome: Preparation of mesenchymal transition. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:29-39. [PMID: 36976428 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac alteration due to chronic kidney disease is described by tissue fibrosis. This remodeling involves myofibroblasts of various origins, including epithelial or endothelial to mesenchymal transitions. In addition, obesity and insulin resistance together or separately seem to exacerbate cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main objective of this study was to assess if pre-existing metabolic disease exacerbates CKD-induced cardiac alterations. In addition, we hypothesised that endothelial to mesenchymal transition participates in this enhancement of cardiac fibrosis. Rats fed cafeteria type diet for 6 months underwent a subtotal nephrectomy at 4 months. Cardiac fibrosis was evaluated by histology and qRT-PCR. Collagens and macrophages were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Endothelial to mesenchymal transitions were assessed by qRT-PCR (CD31, VE-cadherin, α-SMA, nestin) and also by CD31 immunofluorescence staining. Rats fed with cafeteria type regimen were obese, hypertensive and insulin resistant. Cardiac fibrosis was predominant in CKD rats and was highly majored by cafeteria regimen. Collagen-1 and nestin expressions were higher in CKD rats, independently of regimen. Interestingly, in rats with CKD and cafeteria diet we found an increase of CD31 and α-SMA co-staining with suggest an implication of endothelial to mesenchymal transition during heart fibrosis. We showed that rats already obese and insulin resistant had an enhanced cardiac alteration to a subsequent renal injury. Cardiac fibrosis process could be supported by a involvement of the endothelial to mesenchymal transition phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Plawecki
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'hormonologie, CHU Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Laura Jeanson
- BC2M, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony Chauvin
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jean-Paul Cristol
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'hormonologie, CHU Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Jover
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Raynaud
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
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Mimouni M, Lajoix AD, Desmetz C. Experimental Models to Study Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Myocardial Fibrosis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:382. [PMID: 38203553 PMCID: PMC10779210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common feature of cardiovascular diseases and targets multiple organs, such as the heart and vessels. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition is a complex, vital process that occurs during embryonic formation and plays a crucial role in cardiac development. It is also a fundamental process implicated in cardiac fibrosis and repair, but also in other organs. Indeed, in numerous cardiovascular diseases, the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition has been shown to be involved in the generation of fibroblasts that are able to produce extracellular matrix proteins such as type I collagen. This massive deposition results in tissue stiffening and organ dysfunction. To advance our understanding of this process for the development of new specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, it is essential to develop relevant cellular and animal models of this process. In this review, our aim was to gain an in-depth insight into existing in vitro and in vivo models of endothelial to mesenchymal transition in cardiovascular diseases with a focus on cardiac fibrosis. We discuss important parameters impacting endothelial to mesenchymal transition, and we give perspectives for the development of relevant models to decipher the underlying mechanisms and ultimately find new treatments specific to fibrosis happening in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mimouni
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Desmetz
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
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Laget J, Cortijo I, Boukhaled JH, Muyor K, Duranton F, Jover B, Raynaud F, Lajoix AD, Argilés À, Gayrard N. Cafeteria Diet-Induced Obesity Worsens Experimental CKD. Nutrients 2023; 15:3331. [PMID: 37571269 PMCID: PMC10421241 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of obesity on the development of kidney fibrosis in a model of cafeteria diet rats undergoing 5/6th nephrectomy (SNx). Collagen 1, 3, and 4 expression, adipocyte size, macrophage number, and the expression of 30 adipokines were determined. Collagen 1 expression in kidney tissue was increased in Standard-SNx and Cafeteria-SNx (7.1 ± 0.6% and 8.9 ± 0.9 tissue area, respectively). Renal expression of collagen 3 and 4 was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in Cafeteria-SNx (8.6 ± 1.5 and 10.9 ± 1.9% tissue area, respectively) compared to Cafeteria (5.2 ± 0.5 and 6.3 ± 0.6% tissue area, respectively). Adipocyte size in eWAT was significantly increased by the cafeteria diet. In Cafeteria-SNx, we observed a significant increase in macrophage number in the kidney (p = 0.01) and a consistent tendency in eWAT. The adipokine level was higher in the Cafeteria groups. Interleukin 11, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, and serpin 1 were increased in Cafeteria-SNx. In the kidney, collagen 3 and 4 expressions and the number of macrophages were increased in Cafeteria-SNx, suggesting an exacerbation by preexisting obesity of CKD-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis. IL11, DPP4, and serpin 1 can act directly on fibrosis and participate in the observed worsening CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Laget
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Irene Cortijo
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Juliana H. Boukhaled
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Karen Muyor
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Flore Duranton
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Bernard Jover
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Fabrice Raynaud
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Àngel Argilés
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Nathalie Gayrard
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
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Mauchauffée E, Leroy J, Chamcham J, Ejjoummany A, Maurel M, Nauton L, Ramassamy B, Mezghenna K, Boucher JL, Lajoix AD, Hernandez JF. S-Ethyl-Isothiocitrullin-Based Dipeptides and 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Pseudo-Dipeptides: Solid Phase Synthesis and Evaluation as NO Synthase Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:5085. [PMID: 37446746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported dipeptidomimetic compounds as inhibitors of neuronal and/or inducible NO synthases (n/iNOS) with significant selectivity against endothelial NOS (eNOS). They were composed of an S-ethylisothiocitrullin-like moiety linked to an extension through a peptide bond or a 1,2,4-oxadiazole link. Here, we developed two further series where the extension size was increased to establish more favorable interactions in the NOS substrate access channel. The extension was introduced on the solid phase by the reductive alkylation of an amino-piperidine moiety or an aminoethyl segment in the case of dipeptide-like and 1,2,4-oxadiazole compounds, respectively, with various benzaldehydes. Compared to the previous series, more potent inhibitors were identified with IC50 in the micromolar to the submicromolar range, with significant selectivity toward nNOS. As expected, most compounds did not inhibit eNOS, and molecular modeling was carried out to characterize the reasons for the selectivity toward nNOS over eNOS. Spectral studies showed that compounds were interacting at the heme active site. Finally, selected inhibitors were found to inhibit intra-cellular iNOS and nNOS expressed in RAW264.7 and INS-1 cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Mauchauffée
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Leroy
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jihanne Chamcham
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelaziz Ejjoummany
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Manon Maurel
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Nauton
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, 63178 Aubière, France
| | - Booma Ramassamy
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Karima Mezghenna
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Boucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Hernandez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
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Servais MD, Galtier F, Nouvel A, Rebuffat S, Laget J, Géan A, Provost N, Lorcy F, Rigau V, Couderc G, Géraud P, Nocca D, Builles N, De Préville N, Lajoix AD. Addressing the quality challenge of a human biospecimen biobank through the creation of a quality management system. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278780. [PMID: 36584180 PMCID: PMC9803146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the COMET (COllection of MEtabolic Tissues) biobank project is to create a high-quality collection of insulin-sensitive tissues (liver, muscle, adipose tissues, and epiploic artery) and blood sample derivatives (plasma, serum, DNA and RNA), collected from 270 grade 2-3 obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Relevant data on patient such as clinical/biological characteristics and sample handling are also collected. For this, our aim was to establish a Quality Management System (QMS) to meet the reliability and quality requirements necessary for its scientific exploitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The COMET QMS includes: (1) Quality Assurance to standardize all stages of the biobanking process, (2) Quality Controls on samples from the first patients included in order to validate the sample management process and ensure reproducible quality; and 3) "in process" Quality Controls to ensure the reliability of the storage procedures and the stability of the samples over time. RESULTS For serum and plasma, several corrective actions, such as temperature handling and centrifugation conditions, were made to the protocol and led to improvement of the volume and quality of samples. Regarding DNA, all samples evaluated achieved a satisfactory level of purity and integrity and most of them yielded the required DNA quantity. All frozen tissue samples had RNAs of good purity. RNA quality was confirmed by RIN, achieving values in most cases over 7 and efficient amplification of housekeeping genes by RT-qPCR, with no significant differences among samples from the same tissue type. In the "in process" Quality Controls, DNA, RNA, and histological integrity of tissues showed no differences among samples after different preservation times. CONCLUSION Quality Control results have made it possible to validate the entire biobank process and confirm the utility of implementing QMS to guarantee the quality of a biospecimen collection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florence Galtier
- INSERM, Clinical Investigation Center 1411, St Eloi Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Lapeyronie Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Agathe Nouvel
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandra Rebuffat
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonas Laget
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Frédéric Lorcy
- Biological Resources Center, Anatomy and Cytology Laboratory, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Rigau
- Biological Resources Center, Anatomy and Cytology Laboratory, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Guilhem Couderc
- Biological Resources Center, Tissue Bank, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Géraud
- INSERM, Clinical Investigation Center 1411, St Eloi Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Nocca
- Department of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Builles
- Biological Resources Center, Tissue Bank, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Laget J, Vigor C, Nouvel A, Rocher A, Leroy J, Jeanson L, Reversat G, Oger C, Galano JM, Durand T, Péraldi-Roux S, Azay-Milhau J, Lajoix AD. Reduced production of isoprostanes by peri-pancreatic adipose tissue from Zucker fa/fa rats as a new mechanism for β-cell compensation in insulin resistance and obesity. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:160-170. [PMID: 35227851 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During early stages of type 2 diabetes, named prediabetes, pancreatic β-cells compensate for insulin resistance through increased insulin secretion in order to maintain normoglycemia. Obesity leads to the development of ectopic fat deposits, among which peri-pancreatic white adipose tissue (pWAT) can communicate with β-cells through soluble mediators. Thus we investigated whether pWAT produced oxygenated lipids, namely isoprostanes and neuroprostanes and whether they can influence β-cell function in obesity. In the Zucker fa/fa rat model, pWAT and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) displayed different inflammatory profiles. In obese rats, pWAT, but not eWAT, released less amounts of 5-F2t-isoprostanes, 15-F2t-isoprostanes, 4-F4t-neuroprostanes and 10-F4t-neuroprostane compared to lean animals. These differences could be explained by a greater induction of antioxidant defenses enzymes such as SOD-1, SOD-2, and catalase in pWAT of obese animals compared to eWAT. In addition, sPLA2 IIA, involved in the release of isoprostanoids from cellular membranes, was decreased in pWAT of obese animals, but not in eWAT, and may also account for the reduced release of oxidized lipids by this tissue. At a functional level, 15-F2t-isoprostane epimers, but not 5-F2t-isoprostanes, were able to decrease glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic islets from Wistar rats. This effect appeared to be mediated through activation of the thromboxane A2 receptor and reduction of cAMP signaling in pancreatic islets. In conclusion, through the removal of an inhibitory tone exerted by isoprostanes, we have shown, for the first time, a new mechanism allowing β-cells to compensate for insulin resistance in obesity that is linked to a biocommunication between adipose tissue and β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Laget
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France; RD-Néphrologie, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Agathe Nouvel
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Rocher
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Jérémy Leroy
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Jeanson
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Reversat
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
| | - Sylvie Péraldi-Roux
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, France; Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, France
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Nouvel A, Laget J, Duranton F, Leroy J, Desmetz C, Servais MD, de Préville N, Galtier F, Nocca D, Builles N, Rebuffat S, Lajoix AD. Optimization of RNA extraction methods from human metabolic tissue samples of the COMET biobank. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20975. [PMID: 34697345 PMCID: PMC8545963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitution of biobank of human tissues requires careful handling and storage of biological material, to guarantee the quality of samples. Tissue preparation is also critical for further applications such as transcriptomic profiling. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the impact of different disruption techniques (FastPrep-24 instrument, GentleMACS dissociator, and syringe/needle) and homogenizing buffers (RLT versus QIAzol) on RNA purity and quality of metabolic tissues (adipose tissues, liver and skeletal muscle) present in the COMET Biobank. For all homogenization methods used and tissue types, the A260/280 ratios reached values ≥ 1.8, which are in the range of what is found in human tissues and cell lines, while the A260/230 ratios were however ≤ 1.8, with the lowest value obtained with GentleMACS Dissociator. In addition, GentleMACS Dissociator combined with QIAzol reagent gave the highest RIN value and 28S/18S ratio for all tissues tested, except for muscle. Performing RT-qPCR, Ct values for different housekeeping genes can be influenced by extraction methods and RNA quality of samples. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that different disruption techniques and homogenizing buffers impact the purity and some quality markers of RNA, and can also impact quantification of mRNAs by RT-qPCR in human metabolic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Nouvel
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jonas Laget
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Flore Duranton
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,RD Néphrologie, 2 rue des Muriers, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Leroy
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Caroline Desmetz
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - Florence Galtier
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,Clinical Investigation Center 1411, Hôpital St Eloi, INSERM, University Hospital of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.,Department of Endocrinology, Lapeyronie Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier, 371 avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - David Nocca
- Department of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Nicolas Builles
- Biological Resources Center, Tissue Bank, University Hospital of Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sandra Rebuffat
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Castex F, Leroy J, Broca C, Mezghenna K, Duranton F, Lavallard V, Lebreton F, Gross R, Wojtusciszyn A, Lajoix AD. Differential sensitivity of human islets from obese versus lean donors to chronic high glucose or palmitate. J Diabetes 2020; 12:532-541. [PMID: 32090456 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the shortage of multi-organ donors, human pancreatic islet transplantation has now been extended to islets originating from obese subjects. In this study, our aim is to compare the respective sensitivity of human islets from lean vs obese donors to chronic high glucose or high palmitate. METHODS Human islets were isolated from pancreases harvested from brain-dead multi-organ donors. Islets were cultured during 72 hours in the presence of moderate (16.7 mmol/L) or high (28 mmoL/L) glucose concentrations, or glucose (5.6 mmoL/L) and palmitate (0.4 mmoL/L), before measurement of their response to glucose. RESULTS We first observed a greater insulin response in islets from obese donors under both basal and high-glucose conditions, confirming their hyperresponsiveness to glucose. When islets from obese donors were cultured in the presence of moderate or high glucose concentrations, insulin response to glucose remained unchanged or was slightly reduced, as opposed to that observed in lean subjects. Moreover, culturing islets from obese donors with high palmitate also induced less reduction in insulin response to glucose than in lean subjects. This partial protection of obese islets is associated with less induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase in islets, together with a greater expression of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FOXO1). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that in addition to an increased sensitivity to glucose, islets from obese subjects can be considered as more resistant to glucose and fatty acid excursions and are thus valuable candidates for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Castex
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jeremy Leroy
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Broca
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), University Montpellier, INSERM, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karima Mezghenna
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Flore Duranton
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- RD Néphrologie, Montpellier, France
| | - Vanessa Lavallard
- Department of Surgery, Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Genève, Switzerland
| | | | - René Gross
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Wojtusciszyn
- Laboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes, Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), University Montpellier, INSERM, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Touati-Jallabe Y, Tintillier T, Mauchauffée E, Boucher JL, Leroy J, Ramassamy B, Hamzé A, Mezghenna K, Bouzekrini A, Verna C, Martinez J, Lajoix AD, Hernandez JF. Solid-Phase Synthesis of Substrate-Based Dipeptides and Heterocyclic Pseudo-dipeptides as Potential NO Synthase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:517-531. [PMID: 32027778 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
More than 160 arginine analogues modified on the C-terminus via either an amide bond or a heterocyclic moiety (1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole) were prepared as potential inhibitors of NO synthases (NOS). A methodology involving formation of a thiocitrulline intermediate linked through its side-chain on a solid support followed by modification of its carboxylate group was developed. Finally, the side-chain thiourea group was either let unchanged, S-alkylated (Me, Et) or guanidinylated (Me, Et) to yield respectively after TFA treatment the corresponding thiocitrulline, S-Me/Et-isothiocitrulline and N-Me/Et-arginine substrate analogues. They all were tested against three recombinant NOS isoforms. Several compounds containing a S-Et- or a S-Me-Itc moiety and mainly belonging to both the dipeptide-like and 1,2,4-oxadiazole series were shown to inhibit nNOS and iNOS with IC50 in the 1-50 μM range. Spectral studies confirmed that these new compounds interacted at the heme active site. The more active compounds were found to inhibit intra-cellular iNOS expressed in RAW264.7 and INS-1 cells with similar efficiency than the reference compounds L-NIL and SEIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youness Touati-Jallabe
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France.,Avara Pharmaceutical Services, Boucherville, QC, J4B 7 K8, Canada
| | - Thibault Tintillier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France.,Asymptote Project Management, 1 rue Edisson, 69500, Bron, France
| | - Elodie Mauchauffée
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Boucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques UMR8601, CNRS, Université Paris-Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Jérémy Leroy
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-métabolique, Université Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Booma Ramassamy
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques UMR8601, CNRS, Université Paris-Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Abdallah Hamzé
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France.,Current address: BioCIS, UMR 8076, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Karima Mezghenna
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-métabolique, Université Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Amine Bouzekrini
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-métabolique, Université Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Claudia Verna
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-métabolique, Université Montpellier, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Hernandez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, 34000, Montpellier, France
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10
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Carillon J, Saby M, Barial S, Sansone A, Scanferlato R, Gayrard N, Lajoix AD, Jover B, Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri C. Melon juice concentrate supplementation in an animal model of obesity: Involvement of relaxin and fatty acid pathways. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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11
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Muyor K, Jover B, Duranton F, Lajoix AD, Argiles Ciscart A, Gayrard N. SP399INFLUENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN A 5/6 NEPHRECTOMY RAT MODEL OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz103.sp399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Rebuffat SA, Sidot E, Guzman C, Azay-Milhau J, Jover B, Lajoix AD, Peraldi-Roux S. Adipose tissue derived-factors impaired pancreatic β-cell function in diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3378-3387. [PMID: 30048752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory factors produced and secreted by adipose tissue, in particular peri-pancreatic adipose tissue (P-WAT), may influence pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Using the ZDF Rat model of diabetes, we show the presence of infiltrating macrophage (ED1 staining) on pancreatic tissue and P-WAT in the pre-diabetes stage of the disease. Then, when the T2D is installed, infiltrating cells decreased. Meanwhile, the P-WAT conditioned-medium composition, in terms of inflammatory factors, varies during the onset of the T2D. Using chemiarray technology, we observed an over expression of CXCL-1, -2, -3, CCL-3/MIP-1α and CXCL-5/LIX and TIMP-1 in the 9 weeks old obese ZDF pre-diabetic rat model. Surprisingly, the expression profile of these factors decreased when animals become diabetic (12 weeks obese ZDF rats). The expression of these inflammatory proteins is highly associated with inflammatory infiltrate. P-WAT conditioned-medium from pre-diabetes rats stimulates insulin secretion, cellular proliferation and apoptosis of INS-1 cells. However, inhibition of conditioned-medium chemokines acting via CXCR2 receptor do not change cellular proliferation apoptosis and insulin secretion of INS-1 cells induced by P-WAT conditioned-medium. Taken together, these results show that among the secreted chemokines, increased expression of CXCL-1, -2, -3 and CXCL-5/LIX in P-WAT conditioned-medium is concomitant with the onset of the T2D but do not exerted a direct effect on pancreatic β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A Rebuffat
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardio-metabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Sidot
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardio-metabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Caroline Guzman
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardio-metabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jacqueline Azay-Milhau
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardio-metabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Bernard Jover
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardio-metabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardio-metabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sylvie Peraldi-Roux
- EA 7288, Biocommunication en Cardio-metabolique (BC2M), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Faton S, Tassin JP, Duranton F, Bagnol D, Lajoix AD. 5-HT2C receptors in the ventral tegmental area, but not in the arcuate nucleus, mediate the hypophagic and hypolocomotor effects of the selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist AR231630 in rats. Behav Brain Res 2018; 347:234-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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14
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Ferrare K, Bidel LPR, Awwad A, Poucheret P, Cazals G, Lazennec F, Azay-Milhau J, Tournier M, Lajoix AD, Tousch D. Increase in insulin sensitivity by the association of chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid contained in a natural chicoric acid extract (NCRAE) of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) for an antidiabetic effect. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 215:241-248. [PMID: 29325917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is an indigenous vegetable widely cultivated in Europe, America and Asia. In ancient times, the leaves, flowers, seeds, and roots have been used as a wealth of health benefits including its tonic effects, the ability to ease digestive problems and to detoxify liver. In Indian traditional therapy, chicory was known to possess antidiabetic effect. In the traditional medicine of Bulgaria and Italy, chicory was used as hypoglycemic decoctions. AIMS OF THE STUDIES We wanted to obtain the complete chemical composition of the natural chicoric acid extract (NCRAE), a chicory root extract rich in chicoric acid, which previously showed its glucose tolerance effect in normal rats. To investigate if the whole NCRAE is required to be effective, we performed a comparative in vivo experiment on STZ diabetic rats treated either with NCRAE or a mixture composed of the two major compounds of NCRAE. MATERIALS AND METHODS LC-MS method has been used to analyze the exhaustive composition of NCRAE: we have determined that chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid represented 83.8% of NCRAE. So, we have prepared a solution mixture of chicoric acid and chlorogenic acid named SCCAM, in order to compare in vivo the antidiabetic effects of this last and NCRAE in streptozotocin diabetic rats. In vitro experiments were performed on L6 cell line both for glucose uptake and for the protective effect against H2O2 oxidative stress. Also, we have evaluated DPPH and ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) antioxidative capacities of the two compositions. RESULTS The LC-MS analysis confirmed the high abundance of chicoric acid (64.2%) in NCRAE and a second part of NCRAE is composed of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) at 19.6% with among them the chlorogenic acid. This result has permitted us to prepare a mixture of synthetic L-chicoric acid (70%) and synthetic chlorogenic acid (30%): the solution is designated SCCAM. Our results showed that both NCRAE and SCCAM are able to improve a glucose tolerance in STZ diabetic rats after a subchronic administration of seven days. Alone NCRAE allows to significantly decrease the basal hyperglycemia after six days of treatment. To explain these difference of effects between NCRAE and SCCAM, we have compared their in vitro effects on the L6 muscle cell line both for the insulin sensitizing effect and for their protective action in pretreatment against H2O2. We have also compared their antioxidant capacities. In conclusion, we demonstrated that NCRAE, a natural extract of chicory (Cichorium intybus) rich in CRA and CQAs improves glucose tolerance and reduces the basal hyperglycemia in STZ diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Ferrare
- University Montpellier, UMR 95 Qualisud, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, University of Avignon, University of the Reunion, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Luc P R Bidel
- INRA, UMR AGAP, CIRAD, SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Abdulmomem Awwad
- University Montpellier, UMR 95 Qualisud, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, University of Avignon, University of the Reunion, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Patrick Poucheret
- University Montpellier, UMR 95 Qualisud, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, University of Avignon, University of the Reunion, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Guillaume Cazals
- University Montpellier, IBMM UMR5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Françoise Lazennec
- University Montpellier, UMR 95 Qualisud, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, University of Avignon, University of the Reunion, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jacqueline Azay-Milhau
- University Montpellier, EA 7288, Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Michel Tournier
- University Montpellier, EA 7288, Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- University Montpellier, EA 7288, Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Didier Tousch
- University Montpellier, UMR 95 Qualisud, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, University of Avignon, University of the Reunion, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Duranton F, Gayrard N, Ficheux A, Lajoix AD, Weinberger K, Mischak H, Argiles A. SP270PLASMA LIPIDOMICS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx145.sp270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Jover B, Lajoix AD, Duranton F, Ficheux A, Argiles A, Gayrard N. MP500INFLUENCE OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM DYSREGULATION ON EX VIVO AORTIC CALCIFICATION IN RATS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx174.mp500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Gayrard N, Jover B, Jeanson L, Lajoix AD, Duranton F, Ficheux A, Argiles A. MP335COMPARATIVE CALCIFICATION RATE OF RAT ARTERIES IN CALCIFICATION MEDIUM EX-VIVO: EFFECT OF LESION AND SECTION. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx169.mp335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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18
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Carillon J, Gauthier A, Barial S, Tournier M, Gayrard N, Lajoix AD, Jover B. Relaxin and atrial natriuretic peptide pathways participate in the anti-fibrotic effect of a melon concentrate in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Nutr Res 2016; 60:30985. [PMID: 27079780 PMCID: PMC4832218 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v60.30985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), a model of human essential hypertension, oxidative stress is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis associated with hypertension. Dietary supplementation with agents exhibiting antioxidant properties could have a beneficial effect in remodeling of the heart. We previously demonstrated a potent anti-hypertrophic effect of a specific melon (Cucumis melo L.) concentrate with antioxidant properties in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Relaxin and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were reported to reduce collagen deposition and fibrosis progression in various experimental models. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that, beside reduction in oxidative stress, the melon concentrate may act through relaxin, its receptor (relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 1, RXFP1), and ANP in SHR. DESIGN AND RESULTS The melon concentrate, given orally during 4 days, reduced cardiomyocyte size (by 25%) and totally reversed cardiac collagen content (Sirius red staining) in SHR but not in their normotensive controls. Treatment with the melon concentrate lowered cardiac nitrotyrosine-stained area (by 45%) and increased by 17-19% the cardiac expression (Western blot) of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, plasma relaxin concentration was normalized while cardiac relaxin (Western blot) was lowered in treated SHR. Cardiac relaxin receptor level determined by immunohistochemical analysis increased only in treated SHR. Similarly, the melon concentrate reversed the reduction of plasma ANP concentration and lowered its cardiac expression. CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate that reversal of cardiac fibrosis by the melon concentrate involves antioxidant defenses, as well as relaxin and ANP pathways restoration. It is suggested that dietary SOD supplementation could be a useful additional strategy against cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Carillon
- EA7288 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Bionov Research, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sandy Barial
- EA7288 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Bernard Jover
- EA7288 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France;
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Tousch D, Bidel LPR, Cazals G, Ferrare K, Leroy J, Faucanié M, Chevassus H, Tournier M, Lajoix AD, Azay-Milhau J. Chemical analysis and antihyperglycemic activity of an original extract from burdock root (Arctium lappa). J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:7738-7745. [PMID: 24933284 DOI: 10.1021/jf500926v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we obtained a dried burdock root extract (DBRE) rich in caffeoylquinic acids derivatives. We performed the chemical characterization of DBRE and explored its antihyperglycemic potential in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Chemical analysis of DBRE using LC-MS and GC-MS revealed the presence of a great majority of dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives (75.4%) of which 1,5-di-O-caffeoyl-4-O-maloylquinic acid represents 44% of the extract. In the in vitro experiments, DBRE is able to increase glucose uptake in cultured L6 myocytes and to decrease glucagon-induced glucose output from rat isolated hepatocytes together with a reduction of hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase activity. DBRE did not increase insulin secretion in the INS-1 pancreatic β-cell line. In vivo, DBRE improves glucose tolerance both after intraperitoneal and oral subchronic administration. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that DBRE constitutes an original set of caffeoylquinic acid derivatives displaying antihyperglycemic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Tousch
- Université Montpellier I , 4 Boulevard Henri IV, Montpellier, France
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20
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Mezghenna K, Leroy J, Azay-Milhau J, Tousch D, Castex F, Gervais S, Delgado-Betancourt V, Gross R, Lajoix AD. Counteracting neuronal nitric oxide synthase proteasomal degradation improves glucose transport in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle from Zucker fa/fa rats. Diabetologia 2014; 57:177-86. [PMID: 24186360 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Insulin-mediated glucose transport and utilisation are decreased in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic and glucose-intolerant individuals because of alterations in insulin receptor signalling, GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane and microvascular blood flow. Catalytic activity of the muscle-specific isoform of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) also participates in the regulation of glucose transport and appears to be decreased in a relevant animal model of drastic insulin resistance, the obese Zucker fa/fa rat. Our objective was to determine the molecular mechanisms involved in this defect. METHODS Isolated rat muscles and primary cultures of myocytes were used for western blot analysis of protein expression, immunohistochemistry, glucose uptake measurements and GLUT4 translocation assays. RESULTS nNOS expression was reduced in skeletal muscle from fa/fa rats. This was caused by increased ubiquitination of the enzyme and subsequent degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. The degradation occurred through a greater interaction of nNOS with the chaperone heat-shock protein 70 and the co-chaperone, carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP). In addition, an alteration in nNOS sarcolemmal localisation was observed. We confirmed the implication of nNOS breakdown in defective insulin-induced glucose transport by demonstrating that blockade of proteasomal degradation or overexpression of nNOS improved basal and/or insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in primary cultures of insulin-resistant myocytes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Recovery of nNOS in insulin-resistant muscles should be considered a potential new approach to address insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Mezghenna
- Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, University Montpellier 1, EA 7288, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093, Montpellier cedex 5, France
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21
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Azay-Milhau J, Ferrare K, Leroy J, Aubaterre J, Tournier M, Lajoix AD, Tousch D. Antihyperglycemic effect of a natural chicoric acid extract of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.): a comparative in vitro study with the effects of caffeic and ferulic acids. J Ethnopharmacol 2013; 150:755-60. [PMID: 24126061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Eurasia folk medicine, roots of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) have been reported to exert antidiabetic benefits. In vitro, a natural chicoric acid extract (NCRAE) from Cichorium intybus root has been shown to increase insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and glucose uptake by muscle cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro experiments were designed to compare the effects of two hydroxycinnamic acids, caffeic and ferulic acids, to those obtained with NCRAE (50 and 100 µg.mL(-1)) on the three major tissues implicated in glycemic regulation (pancreas, muscle and liver). In vivo experiments were performed in Wistar rats submitted to a daily intraperitoneal injection of NCRAE (3, 15 or 30 mg kg(-1)) for 4 days. On the fourth day, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT; 1 g kg(-1)) was carried out. RESULTS Our results show that the three compounds we used are able each to induce an original response. Caffeic acid mainly promotes a decrease in hepatic glycogenolysis. Ferulic acid elicits a clear increase of insulin release and a reduction of hepatic glycogenolysis. However, this compound induces an inhibition of muscle glucose uptake. NCRAE provokes an increase of insulin release and glucose uptake without any effect on hepatic glycogenolysis. We could also show that none of these compounds implicates hepatic glucose 6-phosphatase in contrast to chlorogenic acid, known as an inhibitor of glucose 6-phosphatase and which is able to decrease glucose output from hepatocytes. Our results point out that NCRAE is able to decrease blood glucose without any effect hepatic effect. Our in vivo experiments bring evidence that 4 daily IP administrations of NCRAE improve IP glucose tolerance in a dose-dependent manner and mainly via an insulin sensitizing effect. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that NCRAE presents an antihyperglycemic effect essentially due to a peripheral effect on muscle glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Azay-Milhau
- Université Montpellier I, 4 Boulevard Henri IV, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France; CNRS FRE 3400, Centre de Pharmacologie et Innovation dans le Diabète, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, BP14491, 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Vaquer G, Magous R, Cros G, Wojtusciszyn A, Renard E, Chevassus H, Petit P, Lajoix AD, Oiry C. Short-term intravenous insulin infusion is associated with reduced expression of NADPH oxidase p47(phox) subunit in monocytes from type 2 diabetes patients. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 27:669-71. [PMID: 22780425 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01057.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a well-known inducing factor of oxidative stress through activation of NADPH oxidase. In addition to its plasma glucose lowering effect, insulin may also have antioxidant activity and was shown to downregulate NADPH oxidase expression in vitro. In this study, we show that a short-term (3-day) intravenous insulin infusion in patients with type 2 diabetes induces normalization of both glycemia and mRNA expression of circulating monocyte p47(phox) subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Vaquer
- Center of Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, University Montpellier I, CNRS FRE 3400, 34093 Montpellier, France
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Cambier L, Rassam P, Chabi B, Mezghenna K, Gross R, Eveno E, Auffray C, Wrutniak-Cabello C, Lajoix AD, Pomiès P. M19 modulates skeletal muscle differentiation and insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells through modulation of respiratory chain activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31815. [PMID: 22363741 PMCID: PMC3282743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction due to nuclear or mitochondrial DNA alterations contributes to multiple diseases such as metabolic myopathies, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes and cancer. Nevertheless, to date, only half of the estimated 1,500 mitochondrial proteins has been identified, and the function of most of these proteins remains to be determined. Here, we characterize the function of M19, a novel mitochondrial nucleoid protein, in muscle and pancreatic β-cells. We have identified a 13-long amino acid sequence located at the N-terminus of M19 that targets the protein to mitochondria. Furthermore, using RNA interference and over-expression strategies, we demonstrate that M19 modulates mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production, and could therefore regulate the respiratory chain activity. In an effort to determine whether M19 could play a role in the regulation of various cell activities, we show that this nucleoid protein, probably through its modulation of mitochondrial ATP production, acts on late muscle differentiation in myogenic C2C12 cells, and plays a permissive role on insulin secretion under basal glucose conditions in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells. Our results are therefore establishing a functional link between a mitochondrial nucleoid protein and the modulation of respiratory chain activities leading to the regulation of major cellular processes such as myogenesis and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Cambier
- CNRS UMR5237, Centre de Recherche en Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrice Rassam
- CNRS UMR5237, Centre de Recherche en Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Béatrice Chabi
- INRA UMR866, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Karima Mezghenna
- CNRS UMR5232, Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - René Gross
- CNRS UMR5232, Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Eveno
- Genexpress, Functional Genomics and Systems Biology for Health, CNRS Institute of Biological Sciences, Villejuif, France
| | - Charles Auffray
- Genexpress, Functional Genomics and Systems Biology for Health, CNRS Institute of Biological Sciences, Villejuif, France
| | - Chantal Wrutniak-Cabello
- INRA UMR866, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- CNRS UMR5232, Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Pomiès
- CNRS UMR5237, Centre de Recherche en Biochimie Macromoléculaire, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- INSERM U1046, Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Coeur et des Muscles, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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24
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Mezghenna K, Pomiès P, Chalançon A, Castex F, Leroy J, Niclauss N, Nadal B, Cambier L, Cazevieille C, Petit P, Gomis R, Berney T, Gross R, Lajoix AD. Increased neuronal nitric oxide synthase dimerisation is involved in rat and human pancreatic beta cell hyperactivity in obesity. Diabetologia 2011; 54:2856-66. [PMID: 21847584 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Pancreatic beta cell hyperactivity is known to occur in obesity, particularly in insulin-resistant states. Our aim was to investigate whether changes in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) function affect beta cell compensation in two relevant models: the Zucker fa/fa rats and pancreatic islets from obese humans. METHODS Glucose-induced insulin response was evaluated in the isolated perfused rat pancreas and in human pancreatic islets from obese individuals. Expression of nNOS (also known as NOS1) and subcellular localisation of nNOS were studied by quantitative RT-PCR, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. RESULTS Pancreatic beta cells from Zucker fa/fa rats and obese individuals were found to be hyper-responsive to glucose. Pharmacological blockade of nNOS was unable to modify beta cell response to glucose in fa/fa rats and in islets from obese individuals, suggesting an abnormal control of insulin secretion by the enzyme. In both cases, nNOS activity in islet cell extracts remained unchanged, despite a drastic increase in nNOS protein and an enhancement in the dimer/monomer ratio, pointing to the presence of high amounts of catalytically inactive enzyme. This relative decrease in activity could be mainly related to increases in islet asymmetric dimethyl-arginine content, an endogenous inhibitor of nNOS activity. In addition, mitochondrial nNOS level was decreased, which contrasts with a strongly increased association with insulin granules. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Increased nNOS production and dimerisation, together with a relative decrease in catalytic activity and relocalisation, are involved in beta cell hyperactivity in insulin-resistant rats but also in human islets isolated from obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mezghenna
- University Montpellier 1, CNRS FRE 3400, Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes (CPID), Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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25
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Elferchichi M, Mercier J, Bourret A, Gross R, Lajoix AD, Belguith H, Abdelmelek H, Sakly M, Lambert K. Is static magnetic field exposure a new model of metabolic alteration? Comparison with Zucker rats. Int J Radiat Biol 2011; 87:483-90. [PMID: 21219108 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2011.544371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate if the metabolic alterations observed after static magnetic field (SMF) exposure participates in the development of a pre-diabetic state. A comparison study using the insulin resistant animal model, the Zucker rat and the SMF-exposed Wistar rat was carried out. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zucker rats were compared to Wistar rats either exposed to a 128 mT or 0 mT SMF (sham exposed) and analysed. This moderate-intensity SMF exposure of Wistar rats was performed for 1 h/day during 15 consecutive days. RESULTS Wistar rats exposed to the SMF showed increased levels of carbohydrate and lipid metabolites (i.e., lactate, glycerol, cholesterol and phospholipids) compared to sham-exposed rats. Zucker rats displayed a normoglycemia associated with a high insulin level as opposed to Wistar rats which presented hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia after exposure to the SMF. During the glucose tolerance test, unexposed Zucker rats and Wistar rats exposed to the SMF exhibited a significantly higher hyperglycemia compared to sham-exposed Wistar rats suggesting an impairment of glucose clearance. In muscle, glycogen content was lower and phospholipids content was elevated for both unexposed Zucker rats and Wistar rats exposed to the SMF compared to Wistar rats sham control. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that the metabolic alterations following exposure to a static magnetic field of moderate intensity could trigger the development of a pre-diabetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Elferchichi
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Jarzouna, Tunisia
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26
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Marsollier N, Kassis N, Mezghenna K, Soty M, Fioramonti X, Lacombe A, Joly A, Pillot B, Zitoun C, Vilar J, Mithieux G, Gross R, Lajoix AD, Routh V, Magnan C, Cruciani-Guglielmacci C. Deregulation of hepatic insulin sensitivity induced by central lipid infusion in rats is mediated by nitric oxide. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6649. [PMID: 19680547 PMCID: PMC2721417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deregulation of hypothalamic fatty acid sensing lead to hepatic insulin-resistance which may partly contribute to further impairment of glucose homeostasis. Methodology We investigated here whether hypothalamic nitric oxide (NO) could mediate deleterious peripheral effect of central lipid overload. Thus we infused rats for 24 hours into carotid artery towards brain, either with heparinized triglyceride emulsion (Intralipid, IL) or heparinized saline (control rats). Principal Findings Lipids infusion led to hepatic insulin-resistance partly related to a decreased parasympathetic activity in the liver assessed by an increased acetylcholinesterase activity. Hypothalamic nitric oxide synthases (NOS) activities were significantly increased in IL rats, as the catalytically active neuronal NOS (nNOS) dimers compared to controls. This was related to a decrease in expression of protein inhibitor of nNOS (PIN). Effect of IL infusion on deregulated hepatic insulin-sensitivity was reversed by carotid injection of non selective NOS inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and also by a selective inhibitor of the nNOS isoform, 7-Nitro-Indazole (7-Ni). In addition, NO donor injection (L-arginine and SNP) within carotid in control rats mimicked lipid effects onto impaired hepatic insulin sensitivity. In parallel we showed that cultured VMH neurons produce NO in response to fatty acid (oleic acid). Conclusions/Significance We conclude that cerebral fatty acid overload induces an enhancement of nNOS activity within hypothalamus which is, at least in part, responsible fatty acid increased hepatic glucose production.
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Petit P, Lajoix AD, Gross R. P2 purinergic signalling in the pancreatic beta-cell: control of insulin secretion and pharmacology. Eur J Pharm Sci 2009; 37:67-75. [PMID: 19429412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate is able to modulate pancreatic beta-cell function, acting on P2 purinergic ionotropic (P2X) and metabotropic (P2Y) receptors. Physiologically, ATP entrains beta-cells into a common rhythm by coordinating Ca(2+) oscillations; it plays a central role in insulin secretion pulsatility. ATP also triggers a positive feedback signal amplifying glucose-induced insulin release, which argues for a potential pharmacological application. ATP has consistently been shown to increase cytoplasmic free calcium concentration, notably in human tissue. Acting on P2X receptors, of which different molecular subtypes are expressed in beta-cells, it leads to a transient insulin release that may involve a closure of K(ATP) channels or a rapidly decaying inward current. Activation of G-protein-coupled P2Y receptors triggers different signalling pathways and amplifies insulin release in a glucose-dependent way. It has recently been shown that pancreatic beta-cells express different molecular subtypes of receptors, which may explain the complex interaction of P2Y ligands on high- and low-affinity binding sites. Despite the complexity of this purinergic pharmacology, consistent pre-clinical data suggest the potential of P2Y receptor agonists as drug candidates for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Petit
- Montpellier I University and CNRS UMR 5232, Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, Montpellier, France.
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28
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Faruque OM, Le-Nguyen D, Lajoix AD, Vives E, Petit P, Bataille D, Hani EH. Cell-permeable peptide-based disruption of endogenous PKA-AKAP complexes: a tool for studying the molecular roles of AKAP-mediated PKA subcellular anchoring. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008; 296:C306-16. [PMID: 19073898 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00216.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stimulation of numerous G protein-coupled receptors leads to the elevation of intracellular concentrations of cAMP, which subsequently activates the PKA pathway. Specificity of the PKA signaling module is determined by a sophisticated subcellular targeting network that directs the spatiotemporal activation of the kinase. This specific compartmentalization mechanism occurs through high-affinity interactions of PKA with A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), the role of which is to target the kinase to discrete subcellular microdomains. Recently, a peptide designated "AKAPis" has been proposed to competitively inhibit PKA-AKAP interactions in vitro. We therefore sought to characterize a cell-permeable construct of the AKAPis inhibitor and use it as a tool to characterize the impact of PKA compartmentalization by AKAPs. Using insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells (INS-1 cells), we showed that TAT-AKAPis (at a micromolar range) dose dependently disrupted a significant fraction of endogenous PKA-AKAP interactions. Immunoflurescent analysis also indicated that TAT-AKAPis significantly affected PKA subcellular localization. Furthermore, TAT-AKAPis markedly attenuated glucagon-induced phosphorylations of p44/p42 MAPKs and cAMP response element binding protein, which are downstream effectors of PKA. In parallel, TAT-AKAPis dose dependently inhibited the glucagon-induced potentiation of insulin release. Therefore, AKAP-mediated subcellular compartmentalization of PKA represents a key mechanism for PKA-dependent phosphorylation events and potentiation of insulin secretion in intact pancreatic beta-cells. More interestingly, our data highlight the effectiveness of the cell-permeable peptide-mediated approach to monitoring in cellulo PKA-AKAP interactions and delineating PKA-dependent phosphorylation events underlying specific cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Faruque
- CNRS UMR-5232, Faculté de Pharmacie, Bat. D, 15 Ave. Charles Flahaut, Montpellier 34093 Cedex 5, France
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Tousch D, Lajoix AD, Hosy E, Azay-Milhau J, Ferrare K, Jahannault C, Cros G, Petit P. Chicoric acid, a new compound able to enhance insulin release and glucose uptake. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 377:131-5. [PMID: 18834859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 09/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid (CGA), a mono-caffeoyl ester, have been described as potential antidiabetic agents. Using in vitro studies, we report the effects of a dicaffeoyl ester, chicoric acid (CRA) purified from Cichorium intybus, on glucose uptake and insulin secretion. Our results show that CRA and CGA increased glucose uptake in L6 muscular cells, an effect only observed in the presence of stimulating concentrations of insulin. Moreover, we found that both CRA and CGA were able to stimulate insulin secretion from the INS-1E insulin-secreting cell line and rat islets of Langerhans. In the later case, the effect of CRA is only observed in the presence of subnormal glucose levels. Patch clamps studies show that the mechanism of CRA and CGA was different from that of sulfonylureas, as they did not close K(ATP) channels. Chicoric acid is a new potential antidiabetic agent carrying both insulin sensitizing and insulin-secreting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Tousch
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Centre de Pharmacologie & Innovation dans le Diabète, CNRS UMR 5232, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Aouadi K, Lajoix AD, Gross R, Praly JP. Multi-Step Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Analogues of Insulin Secretagogue (2S,3R,4S)-4-Hydroxyisoleucine. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lugo-Garcia
- Montpellier 1 University, CNRS UMR 5232, Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, Faculty of Pharmacy, Montpellier, France
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Lugo-Garcia L, Filhol R, Lajoix AD, Gross R, Petit P, Vignon J. Expression of purinergic P2Y receptor subtypes by INS-1 insulinoma beta-cells: a molecular and binding characterization. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 568:54-60. [PMID: 17509560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Revised: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 04/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic P2Y-receptor agonists amplify glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells, thus offering new opportunities for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about which subtypes of purinergic P2Y receptors are expressed in these cells. The INS-1 beta-cell line is used as a model of pancreatic beta-cells, expressing most of their properties. Therefore, we investigated the expression of different molecular subtypes in this cell line by means of real time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Western blot. We also performed a characterization of the binding of a prototypic purinergic P2Y agonist, Adenosine-5'-O-(1-[(35)S]thiotriphosphate) (ATP-alpha-[(35)S]), to cell membrane homogenates. The molecular analysis evidenced the presence of five different purinergic P2Y receptor subtypes (P2Y(1), P2Y(2), P2Y(4), P2Y(6) and P2Y(12)), which were expressed at similar levels. The Western blot analysis allowed detecting corresponding proteins. The binding assay demonstrated a specific ATP-alpha-[(35)S] interaction on high (40%) and low (60%) affinity components. The analysis of ATP-alpha-[(35)S] pharmacological profile on both sites permitted to classify the high affinity binding site as representative of the purinergic P2Y(1) receptor subtype and the low affinity binding site of the P2Y(4) and/or P2Y(6) receptor subtypes. ATP-alpha-S and Adenosine-5'-O-(2-thiodiphosphate) (ADP-beta-S) exhibited opposite selectivity on high and low affinity binding sites. Although purinergic P2Y(1) receptor, or a P2Y(1)-like subtype, has been generally considered as that implicated in the modulation of glucose-induced insulin release, the present data show that the beta-cell expresses a complex profile of purinergic P2Y receptor subtypes, the functional implication of which remains to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lugo-Garcia
- Montpellier I University and CNRS UMR 5232, Centre for Pharmacology and Innovation in Diabetes, Montpellier, France
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Lajoix AD, Badiou S, Péraldi-Roux S, Chardès T, Dietz S, Aknin C, Tribillac F, Petit P, Gross R. Protein inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (PIN) is a new regulator of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Diabetes 2006; 55:3279-88. [PMID: 17130471 DOI: 10.2337/db06-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that pancreatic beta-cells express neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) that controls insulin secretion through two catalytic activities: nitric oxide (NO) production and cytochrome c reductase activity. We now provide evidence that the endogenous protein inhibitor of nNOS (PIN) is expressed in rat pancreatic islets and INS-1 cells. Double-immunofluorescence studies showed a colocalization of PIN with both nNOS and myosin Va in insulin-secreting beta-cells. Electron microscopy studies confirmed that PIN is mainly associated with insulin secretory granules and colocated with nNOS in the latter. In addition, PIN overexpression in INS-1 cells enhanced glucose-induced insulin secretion, which is only partly reversed by addition of an NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and unaffected by the inhibitor of cytochrome c reductase activity, miconazole. In contrast, the pharmacological inhibitor of nNOS, Nomega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, amplified glucose-induced insulin secretion, an effect insensitive to SNP but completely normalized by the addition of miconazole. Thus, PIN insulinotropic effect could be related to its colocalization with the actin-based molecular motor myosin Va and as such be implicated in the physiological regulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion at the level of the exocytotic machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- CNRS UMR 5160, Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 Ave. Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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34
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Costes S, Broca C, Bertrand G, Lajoix AD, Bataille D, Bockaert J, Dalle S. ERK1/2 control phosphorylation and protein level of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein: a key role in glucose-mediated pancreatic beta-cell survival. Diabetes 2006; 55:2220-30. [PMID: 16873684 DOI: 10.2337/db05-1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is required for beta-cell survival by regulating expression of crucial genes such as bcl-2 and IRS-2. Using MIN6 cells and isolated rat pancreatic islets, we investigated the signaling pathway that controls phosphorylation and protein level of CREB. We observed that 10 mmol/l glucose-induced CREB phosphorylation was totally inhibited by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H89 (2 micromol/l) and reduced by 50% with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (20 micromol/l). This indicates that ERK1/2, reported to be located downstream of PKA, participates in the PKA-mediated CREB phosphorylation elicited by glucose. In ERK1/2-downregulated MIN6 cells by siRNA, glucose-stimulated CREB phosphorylation was highly reduced and CREB protein content was decreased by 60%. In MIN6 cells and islets cultured for 24-48 h in optimal glucose concentration (10 mmol/l), which promotes survival, blockade of ERK1/2 activity with PD98059 caused a significant decrease in CREB protein level, whereas CREB mRNA remained unaffected (measured by real-time quantitative PCR). This was associated with loss of bcl-2 mRNA and protein contents, caspase-3 activation, and emergence of ultrastructural apoptotic features detected by electron microscopy. Our results indicate that ERK1 and -2 control the phosphorylation and protein level of CREB and play a key role in glucose-mediated pancreatic beta-cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Costes
- INSERM U661, Equipe Avenir, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, 141, rue de la cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Lajoix AD, Gross R, Aknin C, Dietz S, Granier C, Laune D. Cellulose membrane supported peptide arrays for deciphering protein-protein interaction sites: the case of PIN, a protein with multiple natural partners. Mol Divers 2005; 8:281-90. [PMID: 15384421 DOI: 10.1023/b:modi.0000036242.01129.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose membrane supported peptide arrays, prepared according to the Spot method, allow the rapid identification and characterization of protein-protein interaction sites. Here, the method was used to screen reactive peptides from different proteins that bind to a single molecule, the PIN protein. PIN possesses two binding grooves, that have been shown to interact with several targets, including neuronal NO synthase, dynein intermediate chain, myosin V, the proapoptotic protein Bim, the scaffolding proteins DAP1alpha and gephyrin, and the transcription factor NRF-1. Arrays of peptides representing sequences of these targets were probed for reactivity with GST-tagged PIN, enabling the precise identification of binding motifs. Binding motifs were then minimized to seven or eight amino acid long peptides: YSKETQT for dynein IC, CDKSTQT for Bim, KDTGIQVD for nNOS, QSVGVQV for DAP1alpha and EDKNTMTD for myosin V. Alascan and substitution analysis provided proof that the Gln residue is critical for the interaction and cannot be easily replaced. Positions -1 and +1, just flanking the pivotal Gln, are also important; they consist of hydrophobic residues (Thr, Val) that could only be replaced by hydrophobic or aromatic amino acids. Position -4 is also critical for binding, with its Asp or Ser being replaceable to some extent. Alignment of sequences of proteins known to bind PIN shows that the most frequent amino acids in the motif are DKGTQT, consistent with the Spot results. We postulate that the degenerate character of binding to PIN is based on the propensity of several sequences to adopt a beta-strand conformation that allows the Gln residue to position itself in the PIN channel and on the conformational breathing of the PIN binding groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- UMR 5160 CNRS, Centre de Pharmacologie et Biotechnologie pour la Santé, Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Fontés G, Lajoix AD, Bergeron F, Cadel S, Prat A, Foulon T, Gross R, Dalle S, Le-Nguyen D, Tribillac F, Bataille D. Miniglucagon (MG)-generating endopeptidase, which processes glucagon into MG, is composed of N-arginine dibasic convertase and aminopeptidase B. Endocrinology 2005; 146:702-12. [PMID: 15539558 DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Miniglucagon (MG), the C-terminal glucagon fragment, processed from glucagon by the MG-generating endopeptidase (MGE) at the Arg17-Arg18 dibasic site, displays biological effects opposite to that of the mother-hormone. This secondary processing occurs in the glucagon- and MG-producing alpha-cells of the islets of Langerhans and from circulating glucagon. We first characterized the enzymatic activities of MGE in culture media from glucagon and MG-secreting alphaTC1.6 cells as made of a metalloendoprotease and an aminopeptidase. We observed that glucagon is a substrate for N-arginine dibasic convertase (NRDc), a metalloendoprotease, and that aminopeptidase B cleaves in vitro the intermediate cleavage products sequentially, releasing mature MG. Furthermore, immunodepletion of either enzyme resulted in the disappearance of the majority of MGE activity from the culture medium. We found RNAs and proteins corresponding to both enzymes in different cell lines containing a MGE activity (mouse alphaTC1.6 cells, rat hepatic FaO, and rat pituitary GH4C1). Using confocal microscopy, we observed a granular immunostaining of both enzymes in the alphaTC1.6 and native rat alpha-cells from islets of Langerhans. By immunogold electron microscopy, both enzymes were found in the mature secretory granules of alpha-cells, close to their substrate (glucagon) and their product (MG). Finally, we found NRDc only in the fractions from perfused pancreas that contain glucagon and MG after stimulation by hypoglycemia. We conclude that MGE is composed of NRDc and aminopeptidase B acting sequentially, providing a molecular basis for this uncommon regulatory process, which should be now addressed in both physiological and pathophysiological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Fontés
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 376, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371, Rue du Doyen G. Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
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Lajoix AD, Pugnière M, Roquet F, Mani JC, Dietz S, Linck N, Faurie F, Ribes G, Petit P, Gross R. Changes in the dimeric state of neuronal nitric oxide synthase affect the kinetics of secretagogue-induced insulin response. Diabetes 2004; 53:1467-74. [PMID: 15161750 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.53.6.1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that pancreatic beta-cells express a neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) that controls insulin secretion by exerting two enzymatic activities: nitric oxide (NO) production and cytochrome c reductase activity. We now bring evidence that two inhibitors of nNOS, N-omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) and 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), increase glucose-induced insulin secretion but affect beta-cell function differently. In the presence of l-NAME, insulin response is monophasic, whereas 7-NI preserves the normal biphasic secretory pattern. In addition, the alterations of beta-cell functional response induced by the inhibitors also differ by their sensitivity to a substitutive treatment with sodium nitroprusside, a chemical NO donor. These differences are probably related to the nature of the two inhibitors. Indeed, using low-temperature SDS-PAGE and real-time analysis of nNOS dimerization by surface plasmon resonance, we could show that 7-NI, which competes with arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)), an essential cofactor for nNOS dimer formation, inhibits dimerization of the enzyme, whereas the substrate-based inhibitor l-NAME stabilizes the homodimeric state of nNOS. The latter effect could be reproduced by the two endogenous inhibitors of NOS, N-omega-methyl-l-arginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine, and resulted interestingly in a reduced ability of the protein inhibitor of nNOS (PIN) to dissociate nNOS dimers. We conclude that intracellular factors able to induce abnormalities in the nNOS monomer/dimer equilibrium could lead to pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- CNRS UMR 5160, Institut de Biologie, 4 Boulevard Henri IV, 34960 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
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38
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Novelli M, Pocai A, Lajoix AD, Beffy P, Bezzi D, Marchetti P, Gross R, Masiello P. Alteration of beta-cell constitutive NO synthase activity is involved in the abnormal insulin response to arginine in a new rat model of type 2 diabetes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2004; 219:77-82. [PMID: 15149729 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2004.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2003] [Accepted: 01/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously obtained a new type 2 diabetic syndrome in adult rats given streptozotocin and nicotinamide, characterized by reduced beta-cell mass, partially preserved insulin response to glucose and tolbutamide and excessive responsiveness to arginine. We have also established that the neuronal isoform of constitutive NO synthase (nNOS) is expressed in beta-cells and modulates insulin secretion. In this study, we explored the kinetics of glucose- and arginine-stimulated insulin release in perifused isolated islets as well as the effect of N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a NOS inhibitor, to get insight into the possible mechanisms responsible for the arginine hypersensitivity observed in vitro in this and other models of type 2 diabetes. A reduced first phase and a blunted second phase of insulin secretion were observed upon glucose stimulation of diabetic islets, confirming previous data in the isolated perfused rat pancreas. Exposure of diabetic islets to 10 mM arginine, in the presence of 2.8 mM glucose, elicited a remarkable monophasic increment in insulin release, which peaked at 639 +/- 31 pg/islet/min as compared to 49 +/- 18 pg/islet/min in control islets (P << 0.01). The addition of L-NAME to control islets markedly enhanced the insulin response to arginine, as expected from the documented inhibitory effect exerted by nNOS activity in normal beta-cells, whereas it did not further modify the insulin secretion in diabetic islets, thus implying the occurrence of a defective nNOS activity in these islets. A reduced expression of nNOS mRNA was found in the majority but not in all diabetic islet preparations and therefore cannot totally account for the absence of L-NAME effect, that might also be ascribed to post-transcriptional mechanisms impairing nNOS catalytic activity. In conclusion, our results provide for the first time evidence that functional abnormalities of type 2 experimental diabetes, such as the insulin hyper-responsiveness to arginine, could be due to an impairment of nNOS expression and/or activity in beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Novelli
- Dipartimento di Patologia Sperimentale, B.M.I.E., University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55 Scuola Medica, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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39
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Dalle S, Fontés G, Lajoix AD, LeBrigand L, Gross R, Ribes G, Dufour M, Barry L, LeNguyen D, Bataille D. Miniglucagon (glucagon 19-29): a novel regulator of the pancreatic islet physiology. Diabetes 2002; 51:406-12. [PMID: 11812748 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.51.2.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Miniglucagon, the COOH-terminal (19-29) fragment processed from glucagon, is a potent and efficient inhibitor of insulin secretion from the MIN 6 beta-cell line. Using the rat isolated-perfused pancreas, we investigated the inhibitory effect of miniglucagon on insulin secretion and evaluated the existence of an inhibitory tone exerted by this peptide inside the islet. Miniglucagon dose-dependently inhibited insulin secretion stimulated by 8.3 mol/l glucose, with no change in the perfusion flow rate. A concentration of 1 nmol/l miniglucagon had a significant inhibitory effect on a 1 nmol/l glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36) amide-potentiated insulin secretion. A decrease in extracellular glucose concentration simultaneously stimulated glucagon and miniglucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha-cells. Using confocal and electron microscopy analysis, we observed that miniglucagon is colocalized with glucagon in mature secretory granules of alpha-cells. Perfusion of an anti-miniglucagon antiserum directed against the biologically active moiety of the peptide resulted in a more pronounced effect of a glucose challenge on insulin secretion, indicating that miniglucagon exerts a local inhibitory tone on beta-cells. We concluded that miniglucagon is a novel local regulator of the pancreatic islet physiology and that any abnormal inhibitory tone exerted by this peptide on the beta-cell would result in an impaired insulin secretion, as observed in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Dalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
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Beffy P, Lajoix AD, Masiello P, Dietz S, Péraldi-Roux S, Chardès T, Ribes G, Gross R. A constitutive nitric oxide synthase modulates insulin secretion in the INS-1 cell line. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2001; 183:41-8. [PMID: 11604223 DOI: 10.1016/s0303-7207(01)00610-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We provide immunocytochemical evidence that the neuronal isoform of constitutive NO synthase (cNOS) is expressed in the rat insulinoma cell line INS-1. Furthermore, using N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a pharmacological inhibitor of cNOS activity, we show that this enzyme is implicated in the modulation of insulin secretion in INS-1 cells. Indeed, in the presence of 2.8 mM glucose, L-NAME induced a specific and dose-dependent increase in insulin release, suggesting that cNOS exerts an inhibitory tone on basal insulin secretion. Moreover, L-arginine, the physiological substrate of cNOS, significantly reduced the marked enhancing effect of L-NAME on insulin release and to a lesser extent, at low concentrations, that of 10 mM KCl. L-NAME also potentiated the insulin secretion stimulated by 5.5 and 8.3 mM glucose, but in this case, its effect was not reduced by L-arginine. In conclusion, our data show that the neuronal isoform of cNOS exerts a negative modulation on insulin secretion in INS-1 cells, confirming the previous results obtained in the isolated perfused rat pancreas or pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Beffy
- Istituto di Mutagenesi e Differenziamento, CNR, Pisa, Italy
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41
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Lajoix AD, Reggio H, Chardès T, Péraldi-Roux S, Tribillac F, Roye M, Dietz S, Broca C, Manteghetti M, Ribes G, Wollheim CB, Gross R. A neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase expressed in pancreatic beta-cells controls insulin secretion. Diabetes 2001; 50:1311-23. [PMID: 11375331 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.50.6.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is presented showing that a neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is expressed in rat pancreatic islets and INS-1 cells. Sequencing of the coding region indicated a 99.8% homology with rat neuronal NOS (nNOS) with four mutations, three of them resulting in modifications of the amino acid sequence. Double-immunofluorescence studies demonstrated the presence of nNOS in insulin-secreting beta-cells. Electron microscopy studies showed that nNOS was mainly localized in insulin secretory granules and to a lesser extent in the mitochondria and the nucleus. We also studied the mechanism involved in the dysfunction of the beta-cell response to arginine and glucose after nNOS blockade with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. Our data show that miconazole, an inhibitor of nNOS cytochrome c reductase activity, either alone for the experiments with arginine or combined with sodium nitroprusside for glucose, is able to restore normal secretory patterns in response to the two secretagogues. Furthermore, these results were corroborated by the demonstration of a direct enzyme-substrate interaction between nNOS and cytochrome c, which is strongly reinforced in the presence of the NOS inhibitor. Thus, we provide immunochemical and pharmacological evidence that beta-cell nNOS exerts, like brain nNOS, two catalytic activities: a nitric oxide production and an NOS nonoxidating reductase activity, both of which are essential for normal beta-cell function. In conclusion, we suggest that an imbalance between these activities might be implicated in beta-cell dysregulation involved in certain pathological hyperinsulinic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Lajoix
- Unité mixte de recherche 5094 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier I, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
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Abstract
Mammalian salivary glands are known to produce a number of biologically active peptides. The aim of this study was to extend our previous results showing the presence of a biologically active insulin-like immunoreactive peptide in rat salivary glands. In rodents, where two nonallelic and functional insulin genes are expressed, the co-expression of both genes seems to be limited to beta-cells of pancreatic islets or to embryologic developmental processes. We have investigated the expression of insulin genes in rat submandibular glands and in a murine immortalized submandibular cell line, SCA-9. For this purpose, total RNAs were isolated and submitted to reverse transcription. The cDNAs obtained were amplified by a nested polymerase chain reaction using rat preproinsulin I and II primers. Our data show that both preproinsulin I and II mRNAs are expressed in adult rat submandibular glands as well as in the SCA-9 cell line. The identification of salivary gland rat preproinsulin I and II was confirmed by direct sequencing. These results provide, for the first time, evidence for the expression of both preproinsulin I and II mRNA in an extra-pancreatic tissue from adult rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Egéa
- Laboratoire de Physiologie, Faculté d'Odontologie, Montpellier, France.
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