1
|
Ceolin C, Limongi F, Siviero P, Trevisan C, Noale M, Catalani F, Conti S, Di Rosa E, Perdixi E, Remelli F, Prinelli F, Maggi S. Changes in Sleep Duration and Sleep Timing in the General Population from before to during the First COVID-19 Lockdown: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:583. [PMID: 38791798 PMCID: PMC11121433 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 lockdown had a profound effect on everyday life, including sleep health. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated changes in quantitative sleep parameters during the first lockdown compared with pre-lockdown in the general population. METHODS A search in scientific databases was performed to identify eligible observational studies from inception to 8 February 2023. We performed a random effects meta-analysis of those studies reporting (a) means of sleep duration, time in bed (TIB), and sleep timing (bedtime and wake-up time); (b) the percentages of atypical sleep duration before and during the lockdown; (c) the percentages of change in sleep duration and sleep timing. RESULTS A total of 154 studies were included. A small increase in sleep duration (0.25 standardized mean difference, 95% CI 0.180-0.315) was found, with 55.0% of the individuals reporting changes, predominantly an increase (35.2%). The pooled relative risk for sleeping more than 8/9 h per night was 3.31 (95% IC 2.60-4.21). There was a moderately significant delay in sleep timing and a surge in napping. CONCLUSION An increase in sleep duration and napping, and delayed sleep timing were observed. High-quality studies should evaluate whether these parameters have now become chronic or have returned to pre-lockdown values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ceolin
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (C.C.); (C.T.); (F.C.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Federica Limongi
- Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, National Research Council, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (M.N.); (S.M.)
| | - Paola Siviero
- Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, National Research Council, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (M.N.); (S.M.)
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (C.C.); (C.T.); (F.C.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, 17165 Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Marianna Noale
- Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, National Research Council, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (M.N.); (S.M.)
| | - Filippo Catalani
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (C.C.); (C.T.); (F.C.)
| | - Silvia Conti
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (S.C.); (F.P.)
- Neuropsychology Lab, Centre for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Elisa Di Rosa
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Elena Perdixi
- Neuropsychology Lab, Centre for Cognitive Disorders and Dementia IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Remelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Federica Prinelli
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (S.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Stefania Maggi
- Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, National Research Council, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.L.); (M.N.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ergin E, Sezer H, Çinar D, Düzenli Öztürk S. Health Protection And Improvement Sensitivity For Covid-19 Pandemic: Turkey's Case. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 39:250-260. [PMID: 38419550 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2322601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This descriptive study was aimed at identifying the anxiety levels of Turkish people in the first three months of the pandemic, the coping methods they use to control this anxiety, and their knowledge and behavior about protection and prevention against COVID-19. The data were collected from 571 individuals. Of the individuals, 84.6% had anxiety. The anxiety levels of those who kept working during the pandemic were significantly higher than were the anxiety levels of those who did not (p < .05). The participants experienced a moderate level of anxiety, and they mostly used relaxation techniques, music therapy, and prayer/worship to cope with anxiety. The knowledge level of the individuals about COVID-19 was moderate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Ergin
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of İzmir Bakırçay, İzmir, TURKEY
| | - Hale Sezer
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of İzmir Bakırçay, İzmir, TURKEY
| | - Derya Çinar
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of İzmir Bakırçay, İzmir, TURKEY
| | - Seren Düzenli Öztürk
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, İzmir Bakircay University, İzmir, TURKEY
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kalhori E, Khodakarami N, Hamdieh M, Gholami R, Dashti S. Demographic characteristics and mental health condition of Tehran Municipality employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:290. [PMID: 38448854 PMCID: PMC10916213 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global health issue with various effects on the physical and mental state of the societies. The aim of this study was to identify the demographic characteristics and mental health condition of Tehran Municipality employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on Tehran Municipality employees in 2020-2021. Participants were selected using stratified random sampling and were divided into COVID-19 and uninfected groups. Demographic characteristics, COVID-19 risk behaviors, General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and Well- Being Social Inventory were filled for all participants. RESULTS A total of 510 participants (363 uninfected participants and 147 participants with COVID-19) were evaluated. The prevalence of female gender was significantly higher in COVID-19 group compared to uninfected group (p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between groups in terms of education level (p < 0.001), prevalence of excess weight (p < 0.001), and working sector (p < 0.001). The uninfected group mainly had low contact with clients (p < 0.001) and few underlying diseases (p = 0.004) compared to the COVID-19 group. The mean GHQ-28 and Well- Being Social Inventory were significantly higher in the uninfected group compared to the COVID-19 group (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively). The prevalence of no and low contact level was significantly higher in the high infection cluster compared to moderate and low infection clusters (p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicated that all workers should be educated about the significance of social distancing and follow the recommendations regardless of their level of contact with clients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Kalhori
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Khodakarami
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Hamdieh
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Gholami
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Dashti
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Paramedicine, Mashhad Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sembawa SN, Jabr AS, Banjar AA, Alkuhayli HS, Alotibi MS, AlHawsawi RB, Nasif YA, AlSaggaf AU. Physical Activity and Psychological Wellbeing Among Healthcare Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cureus 2024; 16:e55577. [PMID: 38576685 PMCID: PMC10994211 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regular physical activity (PA) contributes to physical and mental wellbeing. Due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related lockdowns in 2020, regular PA had been adjusted. Furthermore, students became accustomed to studying at home. Students in the healthcare field, in particular, have a better understanding of the link between PA and mental health. This study aimed to assess the association between psychological wellbeing and PA among healthcare students at one public university in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic period. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted between November 2021 and February 2022. Healthcare students at one public university in Saudi Arabia were invited to participate in an online survey, consisting of three sections. The first section contained questions about demographic data. The second section was the International Physical Activity-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), which is composed of seven questions designed to assess the level of PA. The third part is The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), which is a self-reported questionnaire comprising 20 questions that assessed depressive symptoms on a four-point scale. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis test were used to analyze the collected data using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28.0 (Released 2021; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). RESULTS The total responses received were 197 (response rate=60%). The majority of students in this sample were performing inadequate PA and reported depressive symptoms. No association was found between the amount of PA practiced and psychological wellbeing. There was a significant difference between specialties in relation to PA. CONCLUSION The majority of students in this sample were performing inadequate PA and reported depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown. The importance of PA should be promoted among healthcare students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahinaz N Sembawa
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Abdulrahman S Jabr
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Asrab A Banjar
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Haneen S Alkuhayli
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Modhi S Alotibi
- Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Yara A Nasif
- College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Arwa U AlSaggaf
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dental Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alpers SE, Druckrey-Fiskaaen KT, Madebo T, Vold JH, Pallesen S, Skogen JC, Lunde LH, Mæland S, Fadnes LT. The association of psychological distress and economic and health worries with tobacco smoking behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: a two-year longitudinal cohort study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:375. [PMID: 38317145 PMCID: PMC10840189 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and other life events may trigger worries and psychological distress. These impacts may lead to unhealthy behaviors, such as tobacco smoking, but the degree of such associations is unclear. The current three-wave longitudinal study examines changes in tobacco smoking in Norway between 2020 and 2022 and their associations with psychological distress as well as health- and economy-related worries. METHODS Data were collected in April 2020 (baseline), January 2021, and January 2022 in Bergen, Norway, from an online longitudinal population-based survey. Smoking tobacco (the outcome variable) was dichotomized based on the responses to the question of whether participants smoked cigarettes or not. Tobacco smoking and its associations with psychological distress were assessed among 24,914 participants (response rate 36%) in a mixed model regression presented with coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for COVID-19-related worries, home office/study, occupational situation, age, gender, education, having children below 18 years living at home, living alone, and alcohol consumption. RESULTS A total of 10% of the study sample were current smokers at baseline. At baseline, smoking tobacco was associated with high levels of psychological distress (absolute difference 13%, 95% CI 10%; 15%), advanced age (50-59 years: 11%, CI 10%; 13%), and hazardous alcohol use (4%, CI 3%; 5%) compared to their counterparts. Higher education (-5%, CI -6%; -4%), working from home (-4%, CI -5%; -4%), and higher physical activity levels (-4%, CI -5%; -3%) were associated with non-smoking. The prevalence of smoking among individuals experiencing severe psychological distress decreased slightly over time (-2% per year, CI -3%; -1%). CONCLUSIONS Smoking was associated with severe psychological distress, advanced age, and hazardous alcohol use at baseline; non-smoking was associated with high education, working from home, and high physical activity. Nevertheless, the smoking rate among individuals experiencing severe psychological distress slightly decreased over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Eiken Alpers
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Karl Trygve Druckrey-Fiskaaen
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tesfaye Madebo
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jørn Henrik Vold
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Alcohol & Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn-Heidi Lunde
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stephen A, Douglas M, Ngmenkpieo F, Amenuvegbe GK, Adoma PO, Emmanuel M. Challenges associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related self-quarantine in Ghana: lessons for future self-quarantine interventions. Pan Afr Med J 2024; 47:5. [PMID: 38371652 PMCID: PMC10870165 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2024.47.5.41064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction self-quarantine was one of the key public health interventions in halting the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Ghana. Despite its success, self-quarantine was bridled with challenges across the country, including in the Eastern Region. Consequently, it was pertinent to ascertain these challenges to inform future self-quarantine interventions in the region and the country. The study aimed to ascertain challenges faced by COVID-19 self-quarantined persons in the Eastern Region of Ghana to inform future policies on self-quarantine in the region and the country in general. Methods thirty-five (35) participants were interviewed in both Twi and English. Following the thematic content analysis approach, Atlas. ti software was used to analyse the data. Relevant quotes were extracted from the transcripts to back the various sub-themes in presenting the results. Results three global themes emerged from the analyses: socio-economic challenges of self-quarantine (lack of access to essential goods and services, loss of income, and poor housing conditions), health-related challenges (sedentary lifestyle, non-supply of essential personal protective equipment such as face masks, development of oedema and weight gain), and psychological challenges (loneliness, boredom, and anxiety). Conclusion COVID-19-related challenges self-quarantined persons faced in the Eastern Region of Ghana were multifaceted, ranging from socio-economic, and health to psychological ones. Consequently, emergency preparedness for future pandemic control using self-quarantine as a tool should bring on board various stakeholders to ensure challenges identified in this study are holistically addressed and do not recur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaman Stephen
- Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Mbuyiselo Douglas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
| | - Frederick Ngmenkpieo
- Department of Educational Foundations, School of Education and Lifelong Learning, SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies, Wa, Ghana
| | - Gregory Kofi Amenuvegbe
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Prince Owusu Adoma
- Department of Health Administration and Education, Faculty of Science Education, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana
| | - Manu Emmanuel
- Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lozano-Bilbao E, Delgado-Suárez I, Hardisson A, González-Weller D, Paz S, Gutiérrez ÁJ. Impact of the lockdown period during the COVID-19 pandemic on the metal content of the anemone Anemonia sulcata in the Canary Islands (CE Atlantic, Spain). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140499. [PMID: 37866492 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Anemones, specifically the species Anemonia sulcata, are cnidarians that serve as bioindicators in marine ecosystems, indicating the health of the environment and changes in environmental conditions. Monitoring anemone populations and studying their well-being and distribution provide valuable insights into marine ecosystem conditions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the metal content of Anemonia sulcata. Over a six-year period (2017-2022), twenty specimens of Anemonia sulcata were collected in Tenerife, Spain. The results showed that in 2020, during the two-month lockdown in Spain from March to May when tourism was halted, A. sulcata exhibited the lowest concentrations of various metals studied (Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn). This finding suggests that the reduced anthropogenic pressure on the coast due to the absence of tourism significantly decreased pollution levels. Therefore, the study emphasizes the importance of promoting sustainable tourism worldwide. The research highlights that minimizing human impact on coastal areas through responsible tourism practices can effectively reduce pollution in marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Lozano-Bilbao
- Grupo Interuniversitario de Toxicología Ambiental y Seguridad de los Alimentos y Medicamentos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Ecología Marina Aplicada y Pesquerías (EMAP), Instituto de Investigación de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales (i-UNAT), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Las Palmas, Spain.
| | - Indira Delgado-Suárez
- Grupo Interuniversitario de Toxicología Ambiental y Seguridad de los Alimentos y Medicamentos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Área de Toxicología, Universidad de La Laguna. Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Arturo Hardisson
- Grupo Interuniversitario de Toxicología Ambiental y Seguridad de los Alimentos y Medicamentos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Área de Toxicología, Universidad de La Laguna. Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Dailos González-Weller
- Grupo Interuniversitario de Toxicología Ambiental y Seguridad de los Alimentos y Medicamentos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Servicio Público Canario de Salud, Laboratorio Central, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38006, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Soraya Paz
- Grupo Interuniversitario de Toxicología Ambiental y Seguridad de los Alimentos y Medicamentos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Área de Toxicología, Universidad de La Laguna. Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ángel J Gutiérrez
- Grupo Interuniversitario de Toxicología Ambiental y Seguridad de los Alimentos y Medicamentos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Área de Toxicología, Universidad de La Laguna. Campus de Ofra, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baile JI, González-Calderón MJ, Rabito Alcon MF, Izquierdo Sotorrío E. Health habits during lockdown for COVID-19 in Spain and its effect on weight. NUTR HOSP 2023. [PMID: 38047424 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES a deterioration of health habits has been found in various studies caused by stressful situations such as mandatory and maintained confinement over time. This study aims to analyze the health habits of the Spanish adult population during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the possible impact on their body weight. METHOD two thousand eight hundred and thirty-four volunteer subjects participated in the study (69.3 % women). They completed an on-line questionnaire that evaluated their health habits, as well as various sociodemographic variables. RESULTS the results show a statistically significant link between the subjects' body mass index (BMI) and the change in their weight during lockdown (2: 79.303; p: < 0.001). Besides, a statisti-cally significant relationship between the different health habits under analysis was also found, being moderate with respect to the link between eating habits and physical activity (Cramer's V: .226). A statistically significant relationship was also found between the participants' weight and the different health habits during lockdown. The effect size of the associations was moderate in relation to the participants' eating habits (Cramer's V: .409) and physical activity (Cramer's V: .292). CONCLUSIONS it is suggested the development of prevention programs for long lockdown periods associated with high levels of stress so as to promote a healthy diet, as well as exercise using new technologies and a proper rest, especially in overweight or obese subjects.
Collapse
|
9
|
Rabiee Khan F, Abdelraheim Titi M, Frankowska N, Kowalczyk K, Alziedan R, Yin-Kei Lau C, Biernat K, Brown KG. The Impact of the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic on University Staff Dietary Behaviours, Sleeping Patterns, and Well-Being: An International Comparison Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6941. [PMID: 37887679 PMCID: PMC10606338 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on well-being by measuring the changes to food security, dietary behaviour, and sleeping patterns of university staff in England, Poland, Saudi Arabia, and China. Using a cross-sectional study design, participants in four universities in the respective countries were surveyed between June and July 2020. The mean age of the 902 participants was 42 years old and 67% were female. The findings indicate a reduction in emotionally driven food behaviour [t (901.00) = -20.87, p < 0.001], food acquisition location [t (901.00) = -51.55, p < 0.001], skipping meals [t (901.00) = -24, p < 0.001], and consumption of canned fruit and vegetables [t (901.00) = -10.18, p < 0.001]. However, home cooking [t (901.00) = 36.61, p < 0.001] and the food shopping experience [t (901.00) = 4.53, p < 0.001] markedly increased during lockdown. The participants had higher levels of well-being during the pandemic and experienced a significant increase in sleeping hours (p < 0.001). Increased age and sleeping hours were positively associated with overall well-being. Conversely, emotionally driven food behaviour (i.e., buying and eating more food out of boredom/fear or anxiety) and skipping meals decreased the overall well-being. Lockdown had beneficial effects on dietary behaviours, sleeping patterns, and well-being, but there were variations between countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rabiee Khan
- College of Life Sciences, Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK
| | - Maher Abdelraheim Titi
- Quality Management Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh P.O. Box 7805, Saudi Arabia
- Research Chair for Evidence-Based Health Care and Knowledge Translation, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 7805, Saudi Arabia
| | - Natalia Frankowska
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland;
| | | | - Rasmieh Alziedan
- Cardiology Department, Medical College, King Fuad University, Riyadh P.O. Box 7805, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Christine Yin-Kei Lau
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Karolina Biernat
- Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council, Public Health Department, Council House, Solihull B91 9QS, UK;
| | - Kyle Gavin Brown
- College of Psychology, Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B4 7BD, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Taylor KS, Beeken RJ, Fisher A, Lally P. Did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the dietary intake of individuals living with and beyond breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer and who were most likely to experience change? Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:585. [PMID: 37728860 PMCID: PMC10511549 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present work investigated dietary changes amongst individuals living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) from before to during the pandemic. To identify those at greatest risk of unhealthy changes, it was further examined whether patterns varied by sociodemographic, health-related, and COVID-19-related characteristics. METHODS This longitudinal cohort study analysed data from 716 individuals LWBC participating in the Advancing Survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial (ASCOT). Using data provided before and during the pandemic, changes in fruit and vegetable, snack, and alcohol intake were tested using mixed-effect regression models. RESULTS Fruit and vegetable (95%CI: - 0.30; - 0.04) and alcohol consumption (95%CI: - 1.25; - 0.31) decreased, whilst snacking increased (95%CI: 0.19; 0.53). Women and individuals with limited social contact were more likely to reduce fruit and vegetable intake during the pandemic. Women and individuals with poorer sleep quality, limited social contact, and shielding requirements and without higher education were more likely to increase snacking during the pandemic. Individuals with poorer sleep quality, poorer mental health, and regular social contact were more likely to decrease alcohol consumption during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest decreased intake for fruit, vegetable, and alcohol consumption and increased snack intake in response to the pandemic amongst individuals LWBC. These changes appear to differ across various characteristics, suggesting the pandemic has not equally impacted everyone in this population. Findings highlight the need for targeted post-COVID strategies to support individuals LWBC most adversely affected by the pandemic, including women and socially isolated individuals. This encourages resources to be prioritised amongst these groups to prevent further negative impact of the pandemic. Whilst the findings are statistically significant, practically they appear less important. This is necessary to acknowledge when considering interventions and next steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie S Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Rebecca J Beeken
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Abi Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Phillippa Lally
- Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matteucci I, Corsi M, Hurdiel R, Pezé T, Masson P, Porrovecchio A. Health-related behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparison between cohorts of French and Italian university students. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0002298. [PMID: 37682794 PMCID: PMC10490880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional observational study compares the health behaviors of university students in France and Italy, examining how their choices and lifestyles were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with the aim of contributing to the development of adequate public health and higher education institutions interventions. The French cohort was investigated between January and February 2022, while the Italian cohort was examined between March and April 2022. In both contexts, data were collected through web surveys using institutional directories of university degree programs. Data were collected using standardized tools, validated and recovered in full or partial form. The tool used consisted of three specific sections (general experience, eating habits, physical activity), to which a fourth, dedicated to describing the sociographic picture of the respondents, was added. It was found that the pandemic mainly affected the mental health and sense of well-being of young people in both countries. The pandemic altered dietary habits (41.8% of the French subjects and 38.3% of the Italians declared an increasing of their food intake), alcohol consumption (9.0% of the Italian respondents and 4.0% of the French respondents reported an increased alcohol consumption), propensity to smoke (among the French 85.3% subjects remained non-smokers versus 65.3% of the Italian subjects), sleep quality (25.7% of Italian students 16.6% of French students experienced a decline in the quality of their sleep), and physical activity levels (the percentage of physically active French subjects rose to 72.4%, whereas among Italian students, it dropped to 68,4%). The results emphasize the need for the implementation of relational and psychological interventions, even digital, to face the consequences of social isolation and negative changes in everyday behaviors due to the restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Matteucci
- Department of Communication Sciences, International Studies and Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mario Corsi
- Department of Communication Sciences, International Studies and Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Rémy Hurdiel
- ULR 7369 ‐ URePSSS Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Dunkerque, France
| | - Thierry Pezé
- ULR 7369 ‐ URePSSS Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Dunkerque, France
| | - Philippe Masson
- ULR 7369 ‐ URePSSS ‐ Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Lille, France
| | - Alessandro Porrovecchio
- ULR 7369 ‐ URePSSS Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Dunkerque, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abdul Rahman H, Julaini NN, Zaim SNN, Masri NA, Abdul-Mumin KH. Mental Wellbeing and Health-Risk Behaviours of University Students in Brunei: A Cross-Sectional Study during COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2327. [PMID: 37628524 PMCID: PMC10454063 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease discovered in 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted the health behaviour of university students in a range of western nations and had a number of detrimental effects on their mental wellbeing. However, little is known about the impact on university students in Southeast Asia, particularly in Brunei. This study aims to estimate the prevalence and factors related to poor mental wellbeing and engaging in health-risk behaviors among university students in Brunei during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of students in all public universities was conducted from March to June 2021. Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, and WHO STEPs questionnaires were used to measure mental wellbeing, physical activity, and health behaviors, respectively. Logistic regressions were applied. Results: A total of 1020 university students participated in this study (57% response rate). Prevalence of poor mental wellbeing and physical inactivity were 30% and 42.8%, respectively. Excessive snacking (89.7%), sugar intake (81.7%), and salt intake (53.8%) were the most prevalent health-risk behaviors. Body mass index and participating in sports activities were the most common factors related to mental wellbeing and health-risk behaviors. Conclusions: Participating in certain sports activities appears to have protective effects against study outcomes. However, a high prevalence of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet among university students is a concern, as it could be indicative of future non-communicable disease trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanif Abdul Rahman
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (N.N.J.); (S.N.N.Z.); (N.A.M.); (K.H.A.-M.)
- School of Nursing and Statistics Online Computational Resource, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nurul Nazurah Julaini
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (N.N.J.); (S.N.N.Z.); (N.A.M.); (K.H.A.-M.)
| | - Siti Nurzaimah Nazhirah Zaim
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (N.N.J.); (S.N.N.Z.); (N.A.M.); (K.H.A.-M.)
| | - Nurfatin Amalina Masri
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (N.N.J.); (S.N.N.Z.); (N.A.M.); (K.H.A.-M.)
| | - Khadizah H. Abdul-Mumin
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (N.N.J.); (S.N.N.Z.); (N.A.M.); (K.H.A.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sánchez-Cantalejo Garrido C, Yucumá Conde D, Rueda MDM, Olry-de-Labry-Lima A, Martín-Ruiz E, Higueras-Callejón C, Cabrera-León A. Scoping review of the methodology of large health surveys conducted in Spain early on in the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1217519. [PMID: 37601190 PMCID: PMC10438850 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1217519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of health surveys has been key in the scientific community to promptly communicate results about the health impact of COVID-19. But what information was collected, where, when and how, and who was the study population? Objective To describe the methodological characteristics used in large health surveys conducted in Spain early on in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Scoping review. Inclusion criteria: observational studies published between January 2020 and December 2021, with sample sizes of over 2,000 persons resident in Spain. Databases consulted: PubMed, CINAHL, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en CC de la Salud, Scopus, PsycINFO, Embase, Sociological Abstracts, Dialnet and Web of Science Core Collection. We analyzed the characteristics of the literature references, methodologies and information gathered in the surveys selected. Fifty five studies were included. Results Sixty percentage of the studies included had mental health as their main topic and 75% were conducted on the general adult population. Thirteen percentage had a longitudinal design, 93% used the internet to gather information and the same percentage used non-probability sampling. Thirty percentage made some type of sampling correction to reduce coverage or non-response biases, but not selection biases. Sixty seven percentage did not state the availability of their data. Conclusions Consistent with the extensive use of non-probability sampling without any bias correction in the extraordinary setting created by COVID-19, quality population frameworks are required so that probability and representative samples can be extracted quickly to promptly address other health crises, as well as to reduce potential coverage, non-response and particularly selection biases by utilizing reweighting techniques. The low data accessibility despite the huge opportunity that COVID-19 provided for Open Science-based research is striking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sánchez-Cantalejo Garrido
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María del Mar Rueda
- Department of Statistics and Operative Research, and Institute of Mathematics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Olry-de-Labry-Lima
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Granada Biosanitary Research Institute, Granada, Spain
| | - Eva Martín-Ruiz
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Andrés Cabrera-León
- Department of Public Health, Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health Network, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gilbert A, Eyler A, Cesarone G, Harris J, Hayibor L, Evanoff B. Exploring University and Healthcare Workers' Physical Activity, Diet, and Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Workplace Health Saf 2023; 71:384-394. [PMID: 36708021 PMCID: PMC9895304 DOI: 10.1177/21650799221147814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic affected well-being and health behaviors, especially among healthcare workers and employees in other fields. This is of public health concern because health behaviors and well-being influence long-term negative health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore health behaviors and well-being among university and medical center staff during COVID-19. METHODS EMPOWER (Employee Well-being during Epidemic Response) was a three-wave observational study (wave 1: 1,994; wave 2: 1,426; wave 3: 1,363) measuring health behaviors and well-being of university and medical center staff. Surveys were disseminated online to all employees between April and September 2020. Descriptive statistics explored trends across waves for health behaviors (physical activity [PA], diet), and well-being (mental well-being [MWB], depression, anxiety, and stress). Logistic regressions explored associations between health behaviors and well-being factors adjusting for demographics and clinical role. Interactions explored moderation by clinical role. RESULTS Most participants reported same/healthier changes in PA (54-65%) and diet (57-73%) and decreased MWB across waves (62%-69%). Nonclinical workers were less likely than clinical workers to experience worse MWB and moderate/severe anxiety and stress (odds ratios [ORs] ranged from 0.38 to 0.58 across waves and well-being outcomes). Participants who maintained/increased PA and diet were less likely to experience worse well-being (ORs ranged from 0.44 to 0.69 across waves and well-being outcomes). Interactions by clinical role were not significant. CONCLUSION/APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Maintaining/increasing health behaviors during COVID-19 may be protective of mental health/well-being in some healthcare workers. These findings support health promotion efforts focused on maintaining or improving diet and PA.
Collapse
|
15
|
Eom H, Kim N, Lee C, Choi S, Moon J. The Impact of (COVID)-19 on Beverage Purchasing Behaviors in Korea. Am J Health Behav 2023; 47:520-532. [PMID: 37596761 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.47.3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: In this study, we examined changes in purchase behavior of alcoholic beverages (ie, soju, beer, wine, traditional Korean liquor, and liquor) and non-alcoholic beverages (ie, fruit and vegetable juices, coffee, tea, bottled water, milk, yogurt, and plant-based milk) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Monthly beverage expenditure data, based on Korean household demographic information, was used for 3 years and 6 months. The 2-part model was used for analysis. To examine the effect of COVID-19, beverage expenditure was analyzed after dividing it into short-term and long-term effects. Results: Our results show that the probability of purchasing alcoholic beverages increased owing to the long-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. The amounts of beer, wine, and traditional Korean liquor purchased increased in the long-term. The purchase of sweet drinks decreased (ie, fruit and vegetable juices and yogurt) in the long-term because of the effect of the pandemic. On the other hand, tea, water, and plant-based milk expenditures increased. Conclusion: This beverage consumption pattern reflects both unhealthy (ie, an increase in alcoholic beverage purchases) and healthy drinking behaviors (ie, a decrease in sweet beverage purchases and an increase in tea, water, and plant-based milk purchases).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haram Eom
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nayeong Kim
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chanhyeong Lee
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suhyun Choi
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junghoon Moon
- Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rodríguez-Rivas ME, Alfaro J, Benavente M, Varela JJ, Melipillán R, Reyes F. The negative association of perceived stress with adolescents’ life satisfaction during the pandemic period: The moderating role of school community support. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15001. [PMID: 37064453 PMCID: PMC10102436 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the association of perceived stress on the life satisfaction of Chilean adolescents during the recent pandemic, and to evaluate the moderating role that school community support provides. Methods A total of 1337 adolescents in Chile (56.6% females), aged 14 through 19 (M = 15.99; SD = 1.3) participated. Descriptive statistics, a multiple linear regression model, and moderation analysis were all employed. Results Females were associated with lower levels of Life Satisfaction (B = -0.19, p = .042), which was not the case for the Age variable (p = .160). The level of Perceived Stress was shown to have a negative association on Life Satisfaction (B = -1.93, p < .001). The moderation analysis revealed an interaction factor between Perceived Stress and School Community Support as predictors of Life Satisfaction (B = 0.37, t = 4.91, p < .001), showing that higher levels of School Community Support moderated the negative effect of Perceived Stress on Life Satisfaction. Conclusions Perceived stress during the pandemic had a negative association on life satisfaction. School community support was a protective factor for this negative effect, even in the case of online classes due to school closures. Strengthening the connection between adolescents and their school communities along with providing additional tools and resources in support of such a connection are both essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matías E. Rodríguez-Rivas
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Corresponding author. , Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Avda. Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Jaime Alfaro
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jorge J. Varela
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Fernando Reyes
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
AlBlooshi S, AlFalasi M, Taha Z, El Ktaibi F, Khalid A. The impact of COVID-19 quarantine on lifestyle indicators in the United Arab Emirates. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1123894. [PMID: 36860383 PMCID: PMC9968935 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1123894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 is a virus that has spread rapidly and brought economic and social crises all around the world. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 quarantine on dietary habits, physical activity, food purchasing, smoking, and sleeping patterns in the United Arab Emirates. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire between November 1st, 2020 and the end of January 2021. Citizens and residents of the UAE aged ≥ 18 years old were asked to complete an anonymous electronic questionnaire created via Google Forms and distributed on various platforms, such as WhatsApp, Twitter, and email. A total of 1682 subjects participated in the study. Results The results included that during the COVID-19 lockdown, more participants (44.4%) reported an increase in weight. This gain seems to be linked to increased food consumption [(Adjusted Odd Ratio) AOR = 1.68, 95% (Confidence Interval) CI = 1.12, 2.54, p = 0.022], decreased physical activity (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.58, 3.21, p < 0.001), and increased smoking (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.04, 3.50, p = 0.038). The groups that were most likely to gain weight included those who consumed more cereals (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.57, p = 0.011), had an increased desire for sweets (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.50, 3.19, p < 0.001), and an increased desire for food (hunger) (AOR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.53, 3.14, p < 0.001). In contrast, those who exercised more were more likely to lose weight (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44, 0.86, p < 0.001) as well as those who slept over 9 h a day (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.88, p = 0.006). Discussion Overall, it is essential to promote healthy habits and methods of healthy diet maintenance during stressful and unusual times when people might find it difficult to put effort into their health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharifa AlBlooshi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,*Correspondence: Sharifa AlBlooshi ✉
| | - Maryam AlFalasi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zainab Taha
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farid El Ktaibi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alia Khalid
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Impact of COVID-19 Confinement on the Health-Related Habits of People at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040841. [PMID: 36839200 PMCID: PMC9967931 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The general lockdown decreed in Spain due to the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the ALAS health promotion intervention aimed at the population at high risk of suffering from type 2 diabetes. We conducted a descriptive study in 2020 through a telephone survey and a comparison with baseline data to determine the impact of confinement on the lifestyles of the participants. We collected sociodemographic variables and conducted assessments before/after confinement on general health status and lifestyle (sleep, physical activity and diet). Additionally, weight, BMI and adherence to a Mediterranean diet were assessed. Descriptive statistical analyses, comparisons of pre-post confinement data and logistic regression were carried out. A total of 387 individuals responded. Among them, 31.8% reported a worse perception of health after confinement, and 63,1% reported no change. Regarding exercise, 61.1% reduced their weekly physical activity time. Regarding diet, 34,4% perceived worse quality, and 53.4% reported no change, despite the fact that 89.4% declared changes in their eating practices. Weight and BMI decreased by 3,1%, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet improved from baseline. Confinement had a negative impact on the general health, diet, sleep and physical activity of this population (at risk of diabetes); however, weight and BMI decreased, and adherence to a Mediterranean diet improved.
Collapse
|
19
|
Sutherland Charvis J, Schulz CT, Drohan MM, Rafiee P, Stamates AL, Yang M. A daily examination of perceived stress and coping strategies used among college students during COVID-19. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-5. [PMID: 36701543 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2168126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study examined inter- and intra-person level associations between stress and overwhelm and adaptive coping strategies used by college students during COVID-19. Participants were 55 college students (Mage = 23.31, SD = 4.49; 87% White, 85% Female), who completed a 21-day daily diary study. The common coping strategies endorsed were media use, relaxation techniques, and exercise. Variability among feelings of stress (ICC = .520) and overwhelm (ICC = .530) were similarly explained by between and within-person differences. Daily stress and overwhelm were positively associated with relaxation techniques, media, and total coping strategies. Further, daily stress was positively associated with connection with others to cope. At the between-person level, average stress was associated with avoidance strategies such as taking a break from news to cope. These findings may prove useful in the development of interventions to increase the practice of adaptive coping strategies to reduce stress and overwhelm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina T Schulz
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Megan M Drohan
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Parisa Rafiee
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Amy L Stamates
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Manshu Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Çok İ, İyıgündoğdu İ. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol use and smoking habits. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2023.2167745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- İsmet Çok
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İrem İyıgündoğdu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Insomnia, Daytime Sleepiness, and Quality of Life among 20,139 College Students in 60 Countries around the World-A 2016-2021 Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020692. [PMID: 36675621 PMCID: PMC9866097 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep disorders are a widespread phenomenon, and the number of individuals suffering from them is increasing every year, especially among young adults. Currently, the literature lacks studies that cover both countries with different levels of development and a period before the announcement of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to globally assess the prevalence of insomnia and daytime sleepiness among students and assess their quality of life. Methods: For this purpose, our own questionnaire was distributed online via Facebook.com. In addition to the questions that assessed socioeconomic status, the survey included psychometric tools, such as the Athens insomnia scale (AIS), the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and the Manchester short assessment of the quality of life (MANSA). The survey distribution period covered 31 January 2016 to 30 April 2021. Results: The survey involved 20,139 students from 60 countries around the world. The vast majority of the students were women (78.2%) and also those residing in countries with very high levels of development and/or high GDP (gross domestic product) per capita at 90.4% and 87.9%, respectively. More than half (50.6%) of the respondents (10,187) took the survey before the COVID-19 pandemic was announced. In the group analyzed, 11,597 (57.6%) students obtained a score indicative of insomnia and 5442 (27.0%) a score indicative of daytime sleepiness. Women, low-income residents, and nonmedical students were significantly more likely to have scores indicating the presence of insomnia. Individuals experiencing both sleepiness (B = −3.142; p < 0.001) and daytime sleepiness (B = −1.331; p < 0.001) rated their quality of life significantly lower. Conclusions: Insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness are common conditions among students worldwide and are closely related. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered students’ diurnal rhythms, which contributed to an increase in insomnia. Students in countries with a high GDP per capita index are significantly less likely to develop insomnia compared to the residents of countries with a low GDP per capita index. Sleep disorders definitely reduce the quality of life of students.
Collapse
|
22
|
Nagawa CS, Ito Fukunaga M, Faro JM, Liu F, Anderson E, Kamberi A, Orvek EA, Davis M, Pbert L, Cutrona SL, Houston TK, Sadasivam RS. Characterizing Pandemic-Related Changes in Smoking Over Time in a Cohort of Current and Former Smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:203-210. [PMID: 35137213 PMCID: PMC9383439 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We used a longitudinal cohort of US adults who were current or former smokers to explore how three participant-reported factors-general stress, coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) distress, and perceived risk of complications from COVID-19 related to smoking-were associated with changes in smoking status. METHODS Smoking status was assessed at three time points. Timepoint 1 status was assessed at a prior study completion (2018-2020). Timepoint 2 (start of the pandemic), and Timepoint 3 (early phase of the pandemic) statuses were assessed using an additional survey in 2020. After classifying participants into eight groups per these time points, we compared the means of participant-reported factors and used a linear regression model to adjust for covariates. RESULTS Participants (n = 392) were mostly female (73.9%) and non-Hispanic White (70.1%). Between Timepoints 2 and 3, abstinence rates decreased by 11%, and 40% of participants reported a smoking status change. Among those reporting a change and the highest general stress levels, newly abstinent participants had higher perceived risk of complications from COVID-19 related to smoking than those who relapsed during pandemic (mean (SD): 14.2 (3.3) vs. 12.6 (3.8)). Compared to participants who sustained smoking, those who sustained abstinence, on average, scored 1.94 less on the general stress scale (βeta Coefficient (β): -1.94, p-value < .01) and 1.37 more on the perceived risk of complications from COVID-19 related to smoking scale (β: 1.37, p-value .02). CONCLUSIONS Decreased abstinence rates are concerning. Patterns of reported factors were as expected for individuals who sustained their smoking behavior but not for those who changed. IMPLICATIONS We observed an increase in smoking rates during the COVID-19 pandemic. In exploring how combinations of general stress levels, COVID-19 distress levels, and perceived risk of complications from COVID-19 related to smoking were associated with changes in smoking, we observed expected patterns of these factors among individuals who sustained abstinence or smoking. Among individuals who changed smoking status and reported high stress levels, those who reported a higher perceived risk of complications from COVID-19 related to smoking abstained from smoking. In contrast, those who reported a lower perceived risk of complications from COVID-19 related to smoking, started smoking. An intersectional perspective may be needed to understand smokers' pandemic-related behavior changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S Nagawa
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mayuko Ito Fukunaga
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Meyers Primary Care Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jamie M Faro
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Feifan Liu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ekaterina Anderson
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Ariana Kamberi
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Orvek
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Maryann Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lori Pbert
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sarah L Cutrona
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Meyers Primary Care Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Thomas K Houston
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rajani S Sadasivam
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Johnson AN, Clockston RLM, Fremling L, Clark E, Lundeberg P, Mueller M, Graham DJ. Changes in Adults' Eating Behaviors During the Initial Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:144-194.e30. [PMID: 36075551 PMCID: PMC9444582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Factors such as regulations and health concerns shifted daily habits, including eating behaviors, during the early months of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This comprehensive narrative review synthesizes research on eating behavior changes during the early months of the pandemic (February to June 2020), including changes in amount, rate, and timing of food consumption, types and healthfulness of foods consumed, the occurrence of other specified eating behaviors (eg, restrained eating or binging), and reasons for eating (eg, stress or cravings), among adults. A literature search using three EBSCOhost databases and Google Scholar was conducted to identify relevant articles made available in 2020. A total of 71 articles representing 250,715 individuals from more than 30 countries were reviewed. Findings show eating behaviors changed little during the early COVID-19 pandemic for most participants. Among those whose eating behaviors changed, increases in both intake and frequency of eating meals and snacks were more common than decreases. Findings on timing of eating and healthfulness of food consumed showed mixed results. However, when changes occurred in the type of food consumed, increases were more common for snacks, homemade pastries, white bread/pasta, legumes, and fruits/vegetables; decreases were more common for meats, seafood/fish, frozen foods, fast food, dark breads/grains, and dark leafy green vegetables. During the pandemic, binging, uncontrolled eating, and overeating increased, meal skipping decreased, and restrictive eating had mixed findings. Changes in factors such as emotions and mood (eg, depression), cravings, and environmental factors (eg, food insecurity) were related to changes in eating behaviors. Findings can inform clinical practitioners in efforts to mitigate disruptions to normal, healthy eating patterns among adults both in and outside of global health catastrophes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashlie N Johnson
- Department of Psychology, Linfield University, McMinnville, Oregon.
| | | | - Lindsey Fremling
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Emma Clark
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Pamela Lundeberg
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Megan Mueller
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Dan J Graham
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Taheri M, Irandoust K, Reynoso-Sánchez LF, Muñoz-Helú H, Cruz-Morales KN, Torres-Ramírez R, Mirmoezzi M, Youzbashi L, Mirakhori F, Dergaa I, Vancini RL, Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Korinna Zazueta-Beltrán D, Zouhal H, Morales-Beltrán RA, Soylu Y, Molgado-Sifuentes A, González-Hernández J, Hernández-Cruz G, Bojorquez Castro LB, Kurt C, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Seghatoleslami A, López-Camacho MO, Mendoza-Baldenebro RE, Torabi F, Ben Saad H, Washif JA, Strahler J, Guimarães-Mataruna AF, Lebaron TW, Shaabani Ezdini E, Rezaei MS, Moshtagh M, Yagin FH, Gülü M, Esmaeili A, Müller P, Ammar A, Scoditti E, Garbarino S, Puce L, Bragazzi NL, Nobari H. Effects of home confinement on physical activity, nutrition, and sleep quality during the COVID-19 outbreak in amateur and elite athletes. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1143340. [PMID: 37139442 PMCID: PMC10150803 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1143340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the progress in the management of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it is necessary to continue exploring and explaining how this situation affected the athlete population around the world to improve their circumstances and reduce the negative impact of changes in their lifestyle conditions that were necessitated due to the pandemic. The aim of this study was to analyze the moderating influence of physical activity (PA) and dietary habits on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic experience on sleep quality in elite and amateur athletes. Materials and methods A total of 1,420 elite (40.1%) and amateur (59.9%) athletes (41% women; 59% men) from 14 different countries participated in a cross-sectional design study. Data were collected using a battery of questionnaires that identified sociodemographic data, sleep quality index, PA levels, dietary habits, and the athletes' perception of their experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Means and standard deviations were calculated for each variable. The analysis of variances and the correlation between variables were carried out with non-parametric statistics. A simple moderation effect was calculated to analyze the interaction between PA or dietary habits on the perception of the COVID-19 experience effect on sleep quality in elite and amateur athletes. Results The PA level of elite athletes was higher than amateur athletes during COVID-19 (p < 0.001). However, the PA level of both categories of athletes was lower during COVID-19 than pre-COVID-19 (p < 0.01). In addition, amateurs had a higher diet quality than elite athletes during the pandemic (p = 0.014). The perception of the COVID-19 experience as controllable was significantly higher (p = 0.020) among elite athletes. In addition, two moderating effects had significant interactions. For amateur athletes, the PA level moderated the effect of controllable COVID-19 experience on sleep quality [F (3,777) = 3.05; p = 0.028], while for elite athletes, the same effect was moderated by dietary habits [F (3,506) = 4.47, p = 0.004]. Conclusion Elite athletes had different lifestyle behaviors compared to amateurs during the COVID-19 lockdown. Furthermore, the relevance of maintaining high levels of PA for amateurs and good quality dietary habits by elite athletes was noted by the moderating effect that both variables had on the influence of the controllable experience during the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Taheri
- Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Morteza Taheri
| | - Kadijeh Irandoust
- Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
- Institute of Future Studies, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Hussein Muñoz-Helú
- Department of Economic-Administrative Sciences, Autonomous University of Occident, Los Mochis, Mexico
| | | | - Raymundo Torres-Ramírez
- Department of Economic-Administrative Sciences, Autonomous University of Occident, Los Mochis, Mexico
| | - Masoud Mirmoezzi
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Youzbashi
- Department of sport sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirakhori
- Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail Dergaa
- Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Research Unit Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rodrigo Luiz Vancini
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hassane Zouhal
- Univ Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, Rennes, France
- Institute International des Sciences du Sport, Irodouer, France
| | | | - Yusuf Soylu
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Türkiye
| | | | - Juan González-Hernández
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Germán Hernández-Cruz
- Faculty of Sport Organization, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | | | - Cem Kurt
- Kirkpinar Sport Sciences Faculty, Trakya University, Edirne, Türkiye
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Research Unit Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | - Farnaz Torabi
- Department of Physical Education, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Faculty of Medicine, Farhat Hached Hospital, Research Laboratory “Heart Failure, LR12SP09”, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Jad Adrian Washif
- Sports Performance Division, Institut Sukan Negara Malaysia (National Sports Institute of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jana Strahler
- Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Tyler W. Lebaron
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT, United States
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, UT, United States
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Marjan Sadat Rezaei
- Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Moshtagh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics, and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Gülü
- Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Türkiye
| | - Atefeh Esmaeili
- Department of Sport Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Patrick Müller
- Division of Cardiology and Angiology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Univerisity Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Achraf Ammar
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS (Faculty of Sport Sciences), UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council (CNR)-Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), Lecce, Italy
| | - Sergio Garbarino
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Puce
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, Medical School, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yadav A, Atri M, Pareek S, Srivastava R, Nithya S. Changing sleep patterns and anxiety due to Covid-19 home confinement among working population: A cross-sectional study. Indian J Dent Res 2023; 34:8-13. [PMID: 37417049 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_407_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic took the entire world unawares and people were forced to stay indoors overnight. Due to this a drastic change ensued in lifestyle with many succumbing to various kinds of stresses and psychological problems. This study aims to study the changing sleep patterns and level of anxiety among the working population due to the COVID-19 Pandemic lockdown. Methodology An online survey was conducted using a cloud-based website. The sleep patterns both prior to and during the lockdown period of the pandemic were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The level of anxiety during both these periods (before and during lockdown) amongst the working population was also assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scores (GADS). Results A total of 224 individuals participated in the study of which 52.7% were males and 47.3% were females. On analysis, the lifestyle and sleep deprivation scores showed that before the lockdown only 2.7% reported a low score out of total participants. However, this number was raised to 13.4% during the lockdown. The percentage of people reporting deteriorated sleep quality gradually increased with females reporting moderate to severe category of Generalized Anxiety Disorder scores as compared to Males. Conclusion The study suggests that there has been a significant change in the sleep quality of the study participants due to Covid enforced lockdown which if unnoticed might lead to significant health problems. The effective use of programs like yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises, if followed timely could reduce psychological distress to some extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Yadav
- Department of Dentistry, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Atri
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India
| | - Sonia Pareek
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital Subhash Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Roomani Srivastava
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manav Rachna Dental College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India, India
| | - S Nithya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Rohini, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alvarez-Galvez J, Anastasiou A, Lamnisos D, Constantinou M, Nicolaou C, Papacostas S, Vasiliou VS, McHugh L, Lubenko J, Ruiz FJ, Paez-Blarrina M, Montesinos F, Valdivia-Salas S, Merwin RM, Karekla M, Gloster AT, Kassianos AP. The impact of government actions and risk perception on the promotion of self-protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284433. [PMID: 37068083 PMCID: PMC10109472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aim to understand the factors that drive citizens of different countries to adhere to recommended self-protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Survey data was obtained through the COVID-19 Impact project. We selected countries that presented a sufficiently complete time series and a statistically relevant sample for running the analysis: Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Latvia, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. To identify country-specific differences in self-protective behaviors, we used previous evidence and change-point detection analysis to establish variations across participating countries whose effect was then assessed by means of interrupted series analysis. RESULTS A high level of compliance with health and governmental authorities' recommendations were generally observed in all included countries. The level of stress decreased near the period when countries such as Cyprus, Greece or the United Kingdom relaxed their prevention behavior recommendations. However, this relaxation of behaviors did not occur in countries such as Germany, Ireland, or the United States. As observed in the change-point detection analysis, when the daily number of recorded COVID-19 cases decreased, people relaxed their protective behaviors (Cyprus, Greece, Ireland), although the opposite trend was observed in Switzerland. DISCUSSION COVID-19 self-protective behaviors were heterogeneous across countries examined. Our findings show that there is probably no single winning strategy for exiting future health crises, as similar interventions, aimed to promote self-protective behaviors, may be received differently depending on the specific population groups and on the particular geographical context in which they are implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Alvarez-Galvez
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Andreas Anastasiou
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Demetris Lamnisos
- Department of Health Sciences, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Christiana Nicolaou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | | | - Vasilis S Vasiliou
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louise McHugh
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jelena Lubenko
- Psychological Laboratory, Faculty of Public Health and Social Welfare, Riga Stradings University, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | | | | | - Rhonda M Merwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Maria Karekla
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Andrew T Gloster
- Division of Clinical Psychology & Intervention Science, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angelos P Kassianos
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
- Department of Psychology, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Heidari-Beni M, Bemanalizadeh M, Heshmat R, Qorbani M, Kelishadi R. Changes in Lifestyle Behaviors of Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Impact on the Development of Non-Communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2022; 36:165. [PMID: 36820330 PMCID: PMC9938715 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.36.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Quarantine restrictions have changed the usual lifestyle habits of children and adolescents. In this review, we summarize how the COVID-19 outbreak changed lifestyle during childhood and discuss potential short- and long-term effects of NCD high-risk behaviors on health outcomes. Methods: literature search was conducted in Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. All studies that assessed the relationship between COVID-19 outbreak and lifestyle changes were included. Results: NCD risk factors such as unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, prolonged screen time and sedentary behavior, disrupted sleep schedules and sleep quality, as well as mental disorders during COVID19 in childhood, may increase the susceptibility to NCDs in adulthood. These changes in lifestyle behaviors have short and long-term cardio-metabolic and psychological health outcomes. Since it is not clear when COVID-19 is completely controlled, assessment of the interactions between COVID-19 and lifestyle activities in the pediatric age group is critical. Conclusion: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has greatly influenced all levels of health systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, prevention and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) will need to be prioritized even further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motahar Heidari-Beni
- Department of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Bemanalizadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran ,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Corresponding author:Mostafa Qorbani,
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Corresponding author:Roya Kelishadi,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
van Rens T, Hanson P, Oyebode O, Walasek L, Barber TM, Al-Khudairy L. Healthy diets, lifestyle changes and well-being during and after lockdown: longitudinal evidence from the West Midlands. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2022; 5:321-331. [PMID: 36619328 PMCID: PMC9813633 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2022-000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 'Lockdowns' to control the spread of COVID-19 in the UK affected many aspects of life and may have adversely affected diets. We aimed to examine (1) the effect of lockdowns on fruit and vegetable consumption, as a proxy for healthy diets more generally, and on weight and well-being, (2) whether any subgroup was particularly affected and (3) the barriers and facilitators to a healthy diet in lockdown. Methods We conducted a mixed-method longitudinal study, involving an online survey of 1003 adults in the West Midlands, UK, 494 of whom were surveyed at two different points in time. Our first time point was during stringent COVID-19 lockdown and the second during a period of more relaxed restrictions. We asked quantitative questions about fruit and vegetable consumption; physical activity, sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index and well-being and qualitative questions about the reasons behind reported changes. Results We find no evidence for decreased fruit and vegetable consumption during lockdown compared with afterwards. If anything, consumption increased by half a portion daily among women, particularly among those who normally have a long commute. This finding, combined with a significant increase in physical activity, suggests that behaviours were healthier during lockdown, consistent with higher self-reported health. However, well-being deteriorated markedly, and participants reported being heavier during the lockdown as well. Our qualitative data suggest that an abundance of resources (more time) supported higher fruit and vegetable consumption during lockdown, despite increased access issues. Conclusions Our results may assuage concerns that lockdowns adversely affected diets. They may point to the impact of commuting on diet, particularly for women. We add longitudinal evidence to a growing body of literature on the adverse effect of lockdown on mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thijs van Rens
- Department of Economics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Petra Hanson
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Lukasz Walasek
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Thomas M Barber
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK,Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Occupational Health: Physical Activity, Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Quality of Life in Computer Workers: A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122457. [PMID: 36553981 PMCID: PMC9778108 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Computer work has assumed a very important role for many companies, but specific occupational and health symptoms associated with the use of computers can appear. According to the literature, physical activity is considered a key player in the prevention and control of work-related musculoskeletal symptoms, contributing to a better quality of life in computer workers. The principal aims of this review are to contribute to a better understanding of the relationship among sedentary behavior, physical activity and quality of life of computer workers; to outline the importance of promoting the development of an educational program for Occupational Health directed at computer workers at the level of quality of life, musculoskeletal symptoms, and physical activity; and to call for attention to the factors needed to initiate and maintain a health program that involves the active participation of workers who must be concerned about their health. This review demonstrates the important role of workplaces in health promotion and the opportunities that workplaces provide to establish and continue successful health-promotion programs for computer workers, generating important benefits for the health and quality of life of individuals and groups.
Collapse
|
30
|
Goodyear K, Moyo P, Avila JC, Ahluwalia JS, Monnig MA. Associations between alcohol and cannabis use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of a community survey. Addict Behav Rep 2022; 16:100455. [PMID: 36101549 PMCID: PMC9458547 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted individuals around the world, creating unprecedented challenges. Due to lockdowns and social distancing measures, many people have turned to contactless modes of obtaining alcohol and other substances (e.g., home delivery). This study investigated associations between alcohol and cannabis use before and during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic and factors associated with use. An online, cross-sectional survey with a non-probability sample (N = 1126) was conducted in Northeast states during June-July 2020. Outcomes examined prevalence of alcohol and cannabis use for the overall sample and predictors of use in individuals who used substances. In the overall sample, we found that alcohol and cannabis use decreased from before to during the pandemic. For individuals who drank alcohol, higher pre-pandemic drinking, mid-range household income, and obtaining alcohol through home delivery were associated with higher alcohol drinking during the pandemic. For individuals who used cannabis, higher pre-pandemic cannabis use and obtaining cannabis through home delivery were associated with higher cannabis use during the pandemic. Overall, from before to during the pandemic, we found a decrease in the proportion of individuals who used substances and no changes in quantity for individuals who continued to use substances. Home delivery was associated with greater use of alcohol and marijuana, supporting a need for further research on risk factors for heavier substance use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Goodyear
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Patience Moyo
- Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jaqueline C. Avila
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jasjit S. Ahluwalia
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mollie A. Monnig
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Impact of COVID-19 on health risk behaviors in northern California: A cross-sectional survey. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102051. [PMCID: PMC9661418 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been disruptive, unevenly impacting health behaviors in different geographical regions and population groups. We examined how COVID-19 affected perceived changes in physical activity, sleep, and diet and the impact of socio-demographic variables on a calculated health risk behavior score. In this cross-sectional study, 505 residents of northern California completed a web-based survey from August to November of 2020. Chi-square and multivariable linear regression analyses examined the association between socio-demographic variables and the health risk behavior score. Approximately 84 % of respondents experienced at least one unfavorable behavior change after the pandemic, with 49.5 % indicating a reduction in physical activity, 29.7 % a decrease in sleep, 33.1 % an increase in sugary snack consumption, and 29.3 % a decrease in fruit and vegetable intake. Multivariate analyses indicated a higher health risk behavior score (less favorable) for females compared to males (male beta = -0.815, p < 0.0001) and Hispanics compared to Whites (Hispanics beta = 0.396, p = 0.033). The negative changes in health behavior observed in females could be attributed to a higher reduction in fruit and vegetable consumption, and a larger increase in sugary and salty snacks when compared to males. A higher reduction in exercise, sleep, and fruit and vegetable intake were the main drivers of the unfavorable results seen for Hispanics when compared to Whites. Findings highlight the detrimental behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the disproportionate impact on Hispanics and women. These results are valuable to policymakers to identify ways to support those most affected by the pandemic and its potential long-term effects.
Collapse
|
32
|
Gjestvang C, Tangen EM, Haakstad LAH. The Coronavirus pandemic and closed fitness clubs negatively affected members exercise habits. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:985782. [PMID: 36506717 PMCID: PMC9726910 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.985782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to the Coronavirus pandemic, politicians enacted directions to reduce social interactions, including lockdown of fitness clubs. We aimed to investigate how this changed exercise habits of Norwegian gym members. Method Based on survey data, men and women (≥18 years, n = 233, data collection from Aug. 2020 to Jan. 2021) were recruited to this study by an email-invitation from their fitness club chain or by Facebook advertisement. The participants reported on background variables (e.g., age, gender, total household income, occupation, and education), and exercise habits pre- and during social lockdown. Data were analyzed using independent or student t-test, chi-squared test, or McNemar's test, as appropriate. Results Home-based exercise (18.0 vs. 72.5%, p = <0.001), walking (49.8 vs. 65.2%, p = <0.001), and cycling (16.7 vs. 24.5%, p = 0.004) was more common during than pre-lockdown. Also, men (4.33 to 3.68 days/week, p =0.013) and women (4.20 to 3.79 days/week, p = 0.001) reported a lower exercise frequency, and a shorter duration. Exercise frequency was lower in those with a BMI ≥25 than in those with BMI <25 (3.95 vs. 4.48 days/week, p = <0.007) pre-lockdown. High exercise attendees (≥3 sessions/week, 66.5%) reported a smaller decrease in exercise frequency (mean change: 0.06 vs. 1.24 days/week, p = <0.001) and duration (>60 min. per session: 33.0 vs. 3.8%, p = <0.001) than low exercise attendees during lockdown. Discussion Home-based exercise, walking, and cycling were most frequently reported during lockdown. Participants reported a small decrease in exercise duration and frequency compared with pre-lockdown. Closure of fitness clubs impacted low attendees more than high attendees.
Collapse
|
33
|
Guszkowska M, Dąbrowska-Zimakowska A. Occupational balance, changes in occupations and psychological well-being of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scand J Occup Ther 2022; 30:463-474. [PMID: 36354975 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2022.2143892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational balance (OB) is related to physical health as well as physical and psychological well-being (PWB). The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the occupations of people probably affecting their OB and PWB. AIMS The aim of the study was to determine OB of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic and establish relationships between a. OB and changes in occupations in comparison with the pre-pandemic period as perceived by the study group, b. OB and PWB. MATERIALS AND METHODS An exploratory study was performed using a cross-sectional research design during the second wave of the pandemic in November 2020. 1,330 university students aged 18-30 took part in the study. The Occupational Balance Questionnaire and the Psychological General Well-Being Index were used. Three-Way ANOVA as well as Forward Stepwise Regression analyses were used, and ρ Spearman's correlation coefficients were calculated. RESULTS A greater OB was found in men, people studying in a small city and first year students. The respondents declared changes in the time spent on almost all occupations, especially an increase in the time spent on using the Internet and passive resting, but a decrease in the time of meetings friends. OB positively correlated with the increase in time spent on almost all occupations, except for the Internet and with PWB. CONCLUSIONS Polish university students observe that the COVID-19 pandemic has changed their daily occupations. Some of these changes may adversely affect their OB and, consequently, PWB. SIGNIFICANCE Occupational therapists should increase students' awareness of the importance of OB, support them in pursuing their hobbies, meeting friends, and getting sufficient sleep and physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Guszkowska
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Barchielli B, Cricenti C, Gallè F, Sabella EA, Liguori F, Da Molin G, Liguori G, Orsi GB, Giannini AM, Ferracuti S, Napoli C. Climate Changes, Natural Resources Depletion, COVID-19 Pandemic, and Russian-Ukrainian War: What Is the Impact on Habits Change and Mental Health? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11929. [PMID: 36231229 PMCID: PMC9565033 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate Change, Natural Resources Depletion, COVID-19, and Wars are some of the great challenges of our time. The consequences will affect psychological well-being and could have a harmful impact on mental health. This study aimed to assess the level of preoccupation and fears surrounding issues of the 21st-century and the implication for psychological well-being of the general population from Central/Southern Italy among different age groups. A questionnaire that included sociodemographic characteristics, topics formulated ad-hoc about preoccupation, fears, habits, and willingness to change habits in the future related to the 21st-century challenges, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21) was administered online. A sample of 1831 participants (61% F; mean age 47.71 ± 17.30) was obtained. Results showed that young adults and older adults, respectively, reported greater and less psychological well-being. Young adults reported higher scores for preoccupation, changing habits, and willingness to change habits in the future, while older adults reported the lowest scores except for changing habits, also controlling for gender. Results for this variable, as well as correlations between the many variables described, rely on the specificity of age, and 21st-century challenges. Moreover, the main fears related to the 21st-century concerns were different based on both age and gender. In conclusion, the various stresses of the 21st-century discussed in this study have a relationship with personal well-being, and it is important to consider potential global mental health issues resulting from these stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Barchielli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Clarissa Cricenti
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Elita Anna Sabella
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Cesare Battisti 1, 70122 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Liguori
- Family Psychotherapy Academy, Via Raffaele Morghen 181, 80129 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Da Molin
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Cesare Battisti 1, 70122 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Orsi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giannini
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hadar-Shoval D, Alon-Tirosh M, Asraf K, Tannous-Haddad L, Tzischinsky O. Lifestyle Changes, Emotional Eating, Gender, and Stress during COVID-19 Lockdown. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183868. [PMID: 36145243 PMCID: PMC9501635 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional eating poses health risks. It is associated with adverse weight gain and a higher body mass index and is frequently triggered by stressful situations such as pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic was found to cause stress as well as lifestyle changes of different magnitudes. This study examined the relationship between lifestyle changes and emotional eating by focusing on the moderating effect of gender and COVID-19-related stressors. A total of 1969 respondents completed online questionnaires during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Israel. The questionnaires assessed COVID-19-related lifestyle changes concerning eating habits, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, physical activity, and cigarette smoking, COVID-19-related stressors, and emotional eating (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire). People with positive and negative COVID-19-related lifestyle changes demonstrated higher emotional eating compared to people with no lifestyle changes. The relationship between lifestyle changes and emotional eating was moderated by gender and COVID-19-related stressors. In conclusion, health officials should consider recommendations about lifestyle changes given to the public in times of unpredictable changes, with special attention to populations at risk of emotional eating. As emotional eating is related to poor emotional regulation skills, public nutrition recommendations should focus on improving these skills rather than adopting better diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Hadar-Shoval
- Psychology Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Michal Alon-Tirosh
- Behavioral Sciences Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel
| | - Kfir Asraf
- Psychology Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel
| | - Lubna Tannous-Haddad
- Behavioral Sciences Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel
| | - Orna Tzischinsky
- Educational Counseling Department, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley 1930600, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mental, Physical, and Cognitive Wellbeing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Data from Scotland and Japan. JOURNAL OF OPEN PSYCHOLOGY DATA 2022. [DOI: 10.5334/jopd.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
37
|
Laura RP, Jonatan GC, Banwell G, Belén OÁA, Gabriel GN, Andrés RC. EXPERIENCES OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DURING AND AFTER COVID-19 INDUCED QUARANTINE IN TERMS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH STATUS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:2568-2576. [PMID: 36057281 PMCID: PMC9538776 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to explore experiences of people with rheumatoid arthritis during and after COVID‐19‐induced quarantine in terms of physical activity and health status. Background Rheumatoid arthritis affects multiple facets of the person, both physically and psychologically. Physical activity is considered a safe and effective intervention to improve symptoms and systemic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. In the context of the COVID‐19, countries like Spain were forced to impose restrictions on mobility, prohibiting outings even to perform physical activity. Methods Structured interviews were conducted and developed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia‐11 questionnaire. Data were analysed using a six‐step thematic analysis. Results The results make it clear that even though the patients declared that physical activity is essential for them to deal with their disease, most of the participants affirmed that they significatively reduced their levels of physical activity during the pandemic. Conclusions Physical activity should be promoted in people, even in difficult times, to improve disease outcomes, well‐being and mental health. Implications for Nursing Management Knowing the experiences of these patients enables nursing managers to develop interventions that ensure the delivery of comprehensive nursing care regarding physical activity and health status, in future situations like this pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramos-Petersen Laura
- Department of Podiatry. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia. Campus de Los Jerónimos. Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - García-Campos Jonatan
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, Alicante, Spain. Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - George Banwell
- Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Ortega Ávila Ana Belén
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Gijon-Nogueron Gabriel
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Reinoso-Cobo Andrés
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Benowitz NL, Goniewicz ML, Halpern-Felsher B, Krishnan-Sarin S, Ling PM, O'Connor RJ, Pentz MA, Robertson RM, Bhatnagar A. Tobacco product use and the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: current understanding and recommendations for future research. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2022; 10:900-915. [PMID: 35985357 PMCID: PMC9381032 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(22)00182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 progression underscores the urgent need to identify individual-level susceptibility factors that affect infection vulnerability and disease severity. Tobacco product use is a potential susceptibility factor. In this Personal View, we provide an overview of the findings of peer-reviewed, published studies relating tobacco product use to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes, with most studies focusing on cigarette smoking in adults. Findings pertaining to the effects of tobacco product use on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection are inconsistent. However, evidence supports a role for cigarette smoking in increasing the risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes, including hospital admission, progression in disease severity, and COVID-19-related mortality. We discuss the potential effects of tobacco use behaviour on SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infection, and highlight the pathophysiological changes associated with cigarette smoking that could promote SARS-CoV-2 infection and increased disease severity. We consider the biological mechanisms by which nicotine and other tobacco product constituents might affect immune and inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, we identify current knowledge gaps and suggest priorities for research to address acute and post-acute health outcomes of COVID-19 during and after the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neal L Benowitz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maciej L Goniewicz
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Pamela M Ling
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Richard J O'Connor
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mary Ann Pentz
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rose Marie Robertson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mitchell JJ, Dicken SJ, Kale D, Herbec A, Beard E, Shahab L. Longitudinal changes and correlates of meeting WHO recommended levels of physical activity in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from the HEBECO study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273530. [PMID: 36001579 PMCID: PMC9401159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has seen repeated government enforced restrictions on movement. This study aimed to evaluate longitudinal trends in physical activity (PA) in a self-selected UK-based sample and identify the key correlates of these trends. Methods From 23 April 2020 to 30 January 2021, measures of PA engagement were collected in a sample of 1,947 UK-based adults. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) explored trends in PA engagement over time, and how sociodemographic, health and contextual factors impacted participant’s attainment of World Health Organization (WHO) recommended levels of PA (constituting muscle strengthening activity (MSA), and moderate or vigorous PA (MVPA)). Results While one in five achieved the recommended levels of PA in the first UK lockdown in April-June 2020 (19.5%, 95%CI: 17.8–21.3%) and a similar proportion in June-July 2020 (17.7%, 95%CI: 16.1–19.5%), this reduced during the period of eased restrictions in August-September 2020 (15.2%, 95%CI: 13.7–16.9%) and the second UK lockdown in November 2020-January 2021 (14.1%, 95%CI: 12.6–15.9%). Similar trends were observed for MSA and MVPA individually. Better quality of life, higher socioeconomic position and pre-COVID-19 PA levels were associated with meeting the WHO recommended levels of PA, while those living with overweight or obesity, a limiting health condition, or isolating showed the inverse associations. Time-specific associations with MSA or MVPA were observed for gender and age. Conclusion Reductions in PA levels throughout the first strict lockdown continued without reversal during the ensuing period. The association of negative change with socioeconomic and health-related indices points towards deepening health inequities during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J. Mitchell
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Samuel J. Dicken
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitra Kale
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- SPECTRUM Research Consortium, Usher Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Herbec
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Beard
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- SPECTRUM Research Consortium, Usher Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lion Shahab
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- SPECTRUM Research Consortium, Usher Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen Q, Dai W, Li G, Ma N. The impact of screen time changes on anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: sleep and physical activity as mediators. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2022; 20:521-531. [PMID: 35729903 PMCID: PMC9202662 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-022-00398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Under the burden caused by COVID-19 and rapid lifestyle changes, many people increased their screen time due to psychological needs and social requirements. The current study investigated the relationship between screen time changes and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic of COVID-19. Furthermore, we examined whether sleep and physical activity would mediate the association between screen time changes and anxiety. The self-developed questionnaire was delivered online to collect people's changes in anxiety, sleep patterns, and screen time during COVID-19. 970 participants (74.4% female) with an average age of 23 years were involved in this study. After adjusting demographic variables, the ordinal logistic regression analyses revealed that a significant increase in screen time was linked with anxiety. Slightly increased screen time, slightly and significantly decreased screen time did not predict anxiety symptoms during the pandemic. The level of anxiety was significantly higher among respondents who reported decreased sleep quality. Sleep quality directly mediated the association between screen time changes and anxiety, while sleep latency did not. The longer sleep latency caused by increased screen time would amplify anxiety by affecting sleep quality. In addition, the relationship between screen time changes and anxiety was also mediated by physical activity. We concluded that the fluctuation of screen time in a modest range does not affect the anxiety level substantially. The significantly increased screen time would contribute to poor sleep (including longer sleep latency and worse sleep quality) and lack of physical activity, which would lead to higher levels of anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Chen
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents, (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Center for Sleep Research, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Wenjuan Dai
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents, (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Center for Sleep Research, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Guangming Li
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents, (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Center for Sleep Research, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Ning Ma
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents, (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Center for Sleep Research, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abuabara L, Werner-Masters K, Paucar-Caceres A. Daily food planning for families under Covid-19: combining Analytic Hierarchy Processes and Linear Optimisation. Health Syst (Basingstoke) 2022; 11:232-250. [PMID: 36147555 PMCID: PMC9487970 DOI: 10.1080/20476965.2022.2080006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In many households, preparation of food in normal times proves to be problematic, particularly when parents endeavour to keep their children on a balanced diet. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated this problem imposing the requirement of social distancing, which led to disruptions in the food supply chain and multiplication of responsibilities faced by families with children. The present study revisits the standard “Diet Problem” to address these challenges and to develop a participatory approach to provide a diversified weekly meal plan that is easy and fun but simultaneously complies with the unique requirements of each participant. This is done by providing a novel framework, which combines linear optimisation with the Parsimonious Analytic Hierarchy Process, a method for individual choices. This novel approach to participatory modelling is tested within two young family settings in Brazil. The model produced through this contemporary framework provides a weekly menu that best meets expectations of the members of a young family in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Abuabara
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) - Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos, Bolsista Capes, SP, Brasil
| | - Katarzyna Werner-Masters
- Manchester Metropolitan University - All Saints Campus, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alberto Paucar-Caceres
- Manchester Metropolitan University - All Saints Campus, Manchester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dietary Behaviours of University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. A Comparative Analysis of Nursing and Engineering Students. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121715. [PMID: 35741913 PMCID: PMC9222733 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The university stage is a crucial stage that influences the decision-making process of students. At this stage, they acquire dietary habits that are guided by their likes, beauty ideals, biological influences, and economic factors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, universities closed and turned to online teaching, changing their life habits under the duress of confinement. The aim of the present work was to identify the dietary behaviours of nursing and engineering degree students at the University of Huelva during the period of confinement, in addition to identifying the factors influencing these habits. The methodological strategy employed was mixed in nature. In this sense, a cross-sectional descriptive study was first performed, followed by a phenomenological qualitative study that was descriptive in nature. Examination of outcomes revealed the presence of four lines of argument founded on the influence of context, life habits, emotional changes experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the factors facilitating or limiting adaption to this period. Taking into account that confinement, restrictive measures, the absence of family, closeness and affection, and training influenced changes to feeding habits and approaches to consumption, universities could carry out interventions oriented in this line to favour healthy eating habits.
Collapse
|
43
|
Differences in Unfavorable Lifestyle Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic between People with and without Disabilities in Finland: Psychological Distress as a Mediator. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19126971. [PMID: 35742223 PMCID: PMC9223132 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19126971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether people with disabilities—cognition, vision, hearing, mobility, or at least one of these disabilities—report more COVID-19-related negative lifestyle changes than those without disabilities, and whether psychological distress (MHI-5) mediates the association between disabilities and negative lifestyle changes. Information about COVID-related lifestyle changes among people with disabilities is scarce. We analyzed population-based data from the 2020 FinSote survey carried out between September 2020 and February 2021 in Finland (n = 22,165, aged 20+). Logistic regressions were applied to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions on negative lifestyle changes—sleeping problems or nightmares, daily exercise, vegetable consumption, and snacking. To test for a mediation effect of psychological distress, the Karlson–Holm–Breen method was used. People with all disability types reported increased sleeping problems or nightmares, and decreased vegetable consumption during the pandemic more frequently than those without. People with mobility and cognitive disabilities more frequently reported decreased daily exercise. People with cognitive disabilities more often reported increased snacking. Psychological distress mediated associations between disabilities and negative lifestyle changes, with the highest association between cognitive disabilities and increased sleeping problems or nightmares (B = 0.60), and the lowest between mobility disabilities and decreased daily exercise (B = 0.08). The results suggest that strategies to promote healthy lifestyles should consider people with disabilities. Alleviating their psychological distress during crisis situations could be one approach.
Collapse
|
44
|
Lockdown Due to COVID-19 and Its Consequences on Diet, Physical Activity, Lifestyle, and Other Aspects of Daily Life Worldwide: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116832. [PMID: 35682411 PMCID: PMC9180681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus, termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is responsible for the disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Besides the important rates of mortality and morbidity directly attributed to the infection itself, many studies detected an important shift towards mostly unhealthy lifestyle patterns in previously healthy non-infected populations all around the world. Although most of the changes in lifestyle had or will have a negative impact on general population health status, some findings are encouraging. Notwithstanding that there was an obvious necessity for governments to apply national lockdowns, it is also necessary to identify and comprehend the consequences they have caused. A narrative literature review was performed, based on scientific articles and previous reviews. An accurate description of changes in eating habits and alcohol consumption, physical activity, mental health, daily routines, economic impacts, and broader effects on society is provided for each continent and different age groups through this review. The volume of selected scientific surveys encompasses approximately 400,000 persons.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zubović J, Zdravković A, Jovanović O. Smoking patterns during COVID-19: Evidence from Serbia. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:51. [PMID: 35702649 PMCID: PMC9150906 DOI: 10.18332/tid/148169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent research shows that in many countries, smokers who increased smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic outnumbered those who decreased it, despite higher exposure to COVID-19 severity and death. In this study, we compared changes in smoking behavior in the initial and later stages of the pandemic and factors associated with lower smoking intensity. METHODS We conducted two survey rounds on representative samples, the first in the initial stage of the pandemic (11–19 May 2020) and the second in the latter stage (4–11 June 2021), in Serbia. Multinomial logistic regression was run to estimate associations between smokers’ characteristics and lower smoking intensity. In contrast to most studies that assess psychological factors affecting smoking in the pandemic, we focused on factual determinants of the change in smoking intensity. RESULTS The share of smokers who claimed to smoke more increased significantly, from 22.7% in May 2020 to 35.2% in June 2021. The share of smokers who reported a decrease in smoking only slightly increased, from 11.7% to 13.3%. The persistence of the pandemic considerably increased intentions to cease smoking, from 26.3% to 40%. Higher education (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=2.11; 95% CI: 1.08–4.13), income fall (AOR=2.14; 95% CI: 1.11–4.11), occasional smoking (AOR=4.24; 95% CI: 2.26–7.96) and recovery from COVID-19 (AOR=2.38; 95% CI: 1.23–4.60) increased the odds to reduce smoking during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Most smokers are unaware that consuming tobacco products increases exposure to health risks related to COVID-19, but those who get coronavirus infected tend to reduce smoking. This research highlights that tobacco control policy needs to be more proactive in creating public campaigns which demonstrate the severity of COVID-19 impact on smokers’ health. Such campaigns should mainly target those groups of smokers who are less able to curb their smoking intensity.
Collapse
|
46
|
Chinese Tourists’ Health Risk Avoidance Behavior in the Context of Regular Epidemic Prevention and Control: An Empirical Analysis. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14116750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The health risk avoidance behavior of tourists in China, a country actively combating COVID-19, is of research significance. This study proposes and tests a model based on three theories—stimulus-organism-response model, motivation-opportunity-ability model, and health belief model—to examine the impact mechanism of tourists’ health risk avoiding behavior under COVID-19′s regular epidemic prevention and control situations and the moderating effect of health risk perception. The results reveal that, from the stimulus perspective, tourists’ motivation, opportunities to travel, and the ability to travel negatively affect tourists’ health risk avoidance behavior. That is to say, the stronger the motivation of tourists to undertake tourist activities, the stronger the safeguards provided by the government, and the better that tourists are informed of the virus and more equipped with healthy habits and skills, the more likely it is that tourists will not take avoidance behavior. From the organism perspective, perceived severity and perceived susceptibility, as mediating factors, positively influence tourists’ health risk avoidance behavior. In contrast, if tourists are more likely to believe in the controllability of the health risk of the epidemic, then they are more likely to travel and less likely to show avoidance behavior. Managerial implications and theoretical contributions are also provided.
Collapse
|
47
|
Perceived Changes in Emotions, Worries and Everyday Behaviors in Children and Adolescents Aged 5-18 Years with Type 1 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9050736. [PMID: 35626913 PMCID: PMC9139556 DOI: 10.3390/children9050736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent restrictive measures may be related to increased stress and anxiety and to changes in daily behaviors. Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are a vulnerable group due to their difficulties in achieving glycemic control and to their medical and psychological comorbidities. The purpose of the current study was to the investigate the changes on emotional and behavioral parameters in children with T1D due to the Coronavirus crisis. A total of 152 children and adolescents, aged 5−18, were studied: 114 (62 boys) with T1D and 38 (19 boys) healthy volunteers (HV) (controls). The study was performed at the Diabetes Center, Aghia Sofia Children’s Hospital, during the first national lockdown in Greece. The CRISIS questionnaire was completed by parents/caregivers. The data were collected in May 2020 and referred to two time-points: three months prior (before the pandemic), and the past two weeks. During the lockdown, it was observed significant aggravation in the “Emotion/Worries (EW)” symptoms in both groups (logEW-before vs. logEW-during the crisis, T1D: 2.66 ± 0.23 vs. 3.00 ± 0.21, p < 0.001 and HV: 2.62 ± 0.16 vs. 2.83 ± 0.18, p < 0.001). Deterioration of “ΕW” was recorded for 93.0% of those with T1D and 92.1% of the HV. “EW” during the lockdown were affected by: previous psychological condition, COVID-related concerns, and “Life Changes due to the COVID-19 crisis in the past two weeks (LC)”. Deterioration was observed in the “daily behaviors” and “use of digital media” for all of the children. The crisis and the associated restrictions negatively affected both the lifestyle parameters and the behavioral and emotional variables of the children with T1D.
Collapse
|
48
|
Dalecká A, Tomášková H, Šlachtová H, Skýbová D, Mad’ar R. Self-Reported Mental Health and Lifestyle Behaviour During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Czech Population: Evidence From Two Cross-Sectional Surveys. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604395. [PMID: 35645699 PMCID: PMC9134237 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Evidence of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental and physical health behaviours is limited. This study presents results of two cross-sectional surveys on mental health changes and its consequences on healthy and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. Methods: An online survey was distributed during Spring 2020 (N = 9,168) and Autumn 2020 (N = 1,042) in the Czech Republic. Differences in mental health observed in both surveys were evaluated using Mann-Whitney test and logistic regressions were used to examine demographic and socio-economic determinants of COVID-19-related mental health issues and resulting healthy and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours. Results: In multivariable models, the youngest individuals, females, people with increased work demands and participants with a reduced personal income due to the COVID-19 pandemic were all negatively associated with self-reported mental health issues (p < 0.05). A worsened quality of sleep, dietary habits, physical activity and unhealthy behaviours were highly associated with affected mental health in the models adjusted for potential covariates (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggest that health promotion strategies directed to individuals who are at risk should be encouraged to adopt and/or maintain positive health-related behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalecká
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Andrea Dalecká,
| | - Hana Tomášková
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Public Health in Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Hana Šlachtová
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Public Health in Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Dagmar Skýbová
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Ratislav Mad’ar
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ingram J, Hand CJ, Hijikata Y, Maciejewski G. Exploring the effects of COVID-19 restrictions on wellbeing across different styles of lockdown. Health Psychol Open 2022; 9:20551029221099800. [PMID: 35547558 PMCID: PMC9081023 DOI: 10.1177/20551029221099800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Countries have instigated different restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. For instance, nationwide, strict “lockdown” in Scotland was enacted with breaches punishable by law, whereas restrictions in Japan allowed for travel and interaction, with citizens requested rather than required to conform. We explored the impact of these differential strategies on health behaviours and wellbeing. In February 2021, 138 Scottish and 139 Japanese participants reported their demographic information, pandemic-induced health behaviour-change (alcohol consumption, diet, perceived sleep quality, physical activity), negative mood, and perceived social isolation. Scottish participants’ health behaviours were characterised by greater change (typically negative), most likely due to greater lifestyle disruption, whereas Japanese participants’ behaviours were more-stable. Negative changes to health behaviours were typically associated with poorer mental wellbeing and isolation. Interestingly though, Japanese participants reported greater negative mood but not isolation despite the less-restrictive lockdown. Taken together, different lockdown styles led to different changes in health behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Ingram
- School of Education and Social Science, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | | | - Yuko Hijikata
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Greg Maciejewski
- School of Education and Social Science, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sarich P, Cabasag CJ, Liebermann E, Vaneckova P, Carle C, Hughes S, Egger S, O'Connell DL, Weber MF, da Costa AM, Caruana M, Bray F, Canfell K, Ginsburg O, Steinberg J, Soerjomataram I. Tobacco smoking changes during the first pre-vaccination phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 47:101375. [PMID: 35434579 PMCID: PMC9002019 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, tobacco smoking remains the largest preventable cause of premature death. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced nations to take unprecedented measures, including 'lockdowns' that might impact tobacco smoking behaviour. We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess smoking behaviour changes during the early pre-vaccination phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Methods We searched Medline/Embase/PsycINFO/BioRxiv/MedRxiv/SSRN databases (January-November 2020) for published and pre-print articles that reported specific smoking behaviour changes or intentions after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used random-effects models to pool prevalence ratios comparing the prevalence of smoking during and before the pandemic, and the prevalence of smoking behaviour changes during the pandemic. The PROSPERO registration number for this systematic review was CRD42020206383. Findings 31 studies were included in meta-analyses, with smoking data for 269,164 participants across 24 countries. The proportion of people smoking during the pandemic was lower than that before, with a pooled prevalence ratio of 0·87 (95%CI:0·79-0·97). Among people who smoke, 21% (95%CI:14-30%) smoked less, 27% (95%CI:22-32%) smoked more, 50% (95%CI:41%-58%) had unchanged smoking and 4% (95%CI:1-9%) reported quitting smoking. Among people who did not smoke, 2% (95%CI:1-3%) started smoking during the pandemic. Heterogeneity was high in all meta-analyses and so the pooled estimates should be interpreted with caution (I2 >91% and p-heterogeneity<0·001). Almost all studies were at high risk of bias due to use of non-representative samples, non-response bias, and utilisation of non-validated questions. Interpretation Smoking behaviour changes during the first phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 were highly mixed. Meta-analyses indicated that there was a relative reduction in overall smoking prevalence during the pandemic, while similar proportions of people who smoke smoked more or smoked less, although heterogeneity was high. Implementation of evidence-based tobacco control policies and programs, including tobacco cessation services, have an important role in ensuring that the COVID-19 pandemic does not exacerbate the smoking pandemic and associated adverse health outcomes. Funding No specific funding was received for this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sarich
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Citadel J Cabasag
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Erica Liebermann
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, RI, United States
| | - Pavla Vaneckova
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Chelsea Carle
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Suzanne Hughes
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Sam Egger
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Dianne L O'Connell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Marianne F Weber
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Allini Mafra da Costa
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Michael Caruana
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Freddie Bray
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Canfell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Ophira Ginsburg
- Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, MD, United States
| | - Julia Steinberg
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW, PO Box 572, Kings Cross, NSW 1340, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|