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Yu HJ, Byun YH, Park CK. Techniques for assessing telomere length: A methodological review. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1489-1498. [PMID: 38633384 PMCID: PMC11021795 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are located at the ends of chromosomes and have specific sequences with a distinctive structure that safeguards genes. They possess capping structures that protect chromosome ends from fusion events and ensure chromosome stability. Telomeres shorten in length during each cycle of cell division. When this length reaches a certain threshold, it can lead to genomic instability, thus being implicated in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The possibility of telomeres serving as a biomarker for aging and age-related disease is being explored, and their significance is still under study. This is because post-mitotic cells, which are mature cells that do not undergo mitosis, do not experience telomere shortening due to age. Instead, other causes, for example, exposure to oxidative stress, can directly damage the telomeres, causing genomic instability. Nonetheless, a general agreement has been established that measuring telomere length offers valuable insights and forms a crucial foundation for analyzing gene expression and epigenetic data. Numerous approaches have been developed to accurately measure telomere lengths. In this review, we summarize various methods and their advantages and limitations for assessing telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hwan Byun
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Klinaki E, Ogrodnik M. In the land of not-unhappiness: On the state-of-the-art of targeting aging and age-related diseases by biomedical research. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111929. [PMID: 38561164 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The concept of the Land of Not-Unhappiness refers to the potential achievement of eliminating the pathologies of the aging process. To inform of how close we are to settling in the land, we summarize and review the achievements of research on anti-aging interventions over the last hundred years with a specific focus on strategies that slow down metabolism, compensate for aging-related losses, and target a broad range of age-related diseases. We critically evaluate the existing interventions labeled as "anti-aging," such as calorie restriction, exercise, stem cell administration, and senolytics, to provide a down-to-earth evaluation of their current applicability in counteracting aging. Throughout the text, we have maintained a light tone to make it accessible to non-experts in biogerontology, and provide a broad overview for those considering conducting studies, research, or seeking to understand the scientific basis of anti-aging medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Klinaki
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, Vienna 1200, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna 1200, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mikolaj Ogrodnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, Vienna 1200, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna 1200, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
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3
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Kogure GS, Verruma CG, Santana BA, Calado RT, Ferriani RA, Furtado CLM, Dos Reis RM. Obesity contributes to telomere shortening in polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1601-1609. [PMID: 38393627 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial disorder and obesity occurs in 38% to 88% of these women. Although hyperandrogenism may contribute to telomere lengthening, increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with telomere erosion. We sought to compare leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in PCOS women with normal, overweight, and obese BMI. We evaluated the relationship between LTL and clinical variables of PCOS and inflammatory biomarkers independent of BMI. A total of 348 women (243 PCOS and 105 non-PCOS) were evaluated for anthropometric measures, total testosterone, androstenedione, estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), fasting insulin and glycemia, lipid profile, homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). LTL was measured by qPCR. The PCOS group presented higher weight, waist circumference, BMI, testosterone, LH, fasting insulin, FAI, and HOMA-IR, and lower E2, SHBG, and fasting glycemia measures compared with the non-PCOS. When stratified by BMI, LTL was increased in all subgroups in PCOS compared to non-PCOS. However, in the PCOS group, LTL was lower in overweight (P = 0.0187) and obese (P = 0.0018) compared to normal-weight women. The generalized linear model showed that BMI, androstenedione, homocysteine, and CRP were associated with telomere biology. Women with PCOS had longer LTL, however, overweight or obesity progressively contributes to telomere shortening and may affect reproductive outcomes of PCOS, while androstenedione may increase LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Satyko Kogure
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Carolina Gennari Verruma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Barbara A Santana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo T Calado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Rui Alberto Ferriani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado
- Experimental Biology Center, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNFOR), Fortaleza, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | - Rosana Maria Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
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Gürel S, Pak EN, Tek NA. Aging Processes Are Affected by Energy Balance: Focused on the Effects of Nutrition and Physical Activity on Telomere Length. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:264-279. [PMID: 38498288 PMCID: PMC11133118 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The number and proportion of individuals aged 60 and over are increasing globally. The increase in the elderly population has important social and economic effects. Telomere length is an important marker for healthy aging. Here, we review the relevance between telomere length and energy balance by determining the effects of physical activity, nutrients, dietary patterns, and foods on healthy aging and telomere length with related studies. RECENT FINDINGS Evidence emphasizes the importance of telomere length and integrity for healthy aging. It also focuses on the importance of potential interventions such as physical activity and a healthy diet to improve this process. We suggest that ensuring energy balance with regular physical activity and healthy diets can contribute to the aging process by protecting telomere length. In addition, different methods in studies, short and inconsistent durations, different types of exercise, different diet patterns, and non-standard foods have led to conflicting results. More studies are needed to elucidate molecular-based mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satı Gürel
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Elif Nisa Pak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Kilis 7 Aralık University, 79000, Kilis, Turkey.
| | - Nilüfer Acar Tek
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, 06490, Ankara, Turkey
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Tannemann N, Erbel R, Nöthen MM, Jöckel KH, Pechlivanis S. Genetic polymorphisms affecting telomere length and their association with cardiovascular disease in the Heinz-Nixdorf-Recall study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303357. [PMID: 38743757 PMCID: PMC11093374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Short telomeres are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate, if genetically determined telomere-length effects CVD-risk in the Heinz-Nixdorf-Recall study (HNRS) population. We selected 14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with telomere-length (p<10-8) from the literature and after exclusion 9 SNPs were included in the analyses. Additionally, a genetic risk score (GRS) using these 9 SNPs was calculated. Incident CVD was defined as fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary death. We included 3874 HNRS participants with available genetic data and had no known history of CVD at baseline. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to test the association between the SNPs/GRS and incident CVD-risk adjusting for common CVD risk-factors. The analyses were further stratified by CVD risk-factors. During follow-up (12.1±4.31 years), 466 participants experienced CVD-events. No association between SNPs/GRS and CVD was observed in the adjusted analyses. However, the GRS, rs10936599, rs2487999 and rs8105767 increase the CVD-risk in current smoker. Few SNPs (rs10936599, rs2487999, and rs7675998) showed an increased CVD-risk, whereas rs10936599, rs677228 and rs4387287 a decreased CVD-risk, in further strata. The results of our study suggest different effects of SNPs/GRS on CVD-risk depending on the CVD risk-factor strata, highlighting the importance of stratified analyses in CVD risk-factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Tannemann
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sonali Pechlivanis
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Asthma and Allergy Prevention, Neuherberg, Germany
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Wei B, Zhou Y, Li Q, Zhen S, Wu Q, Xiao Z, Liao J, Zhu B, Duan J, Yang X, Liang F. Outdoor fine particulate matter exposure and telomere length in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116206. [PMID: 38518608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Although the association between changes in human telomere length (TL) and ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been documented, there remains disagreement among the related literature. Our study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to investigate the health effects of outdoor PM2.5 exposure on human TL after a thorough database search. To quantify the overall effect estimates of TL changes associated with every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure, we focused on two main topics, which were outdoor long-term exposure and prenatal exposure of PM2.5. Additionally, we included a summary of short-term PM2.5 exposure and its impact on TL due to limited data availability. Our qualitative analysis included 20 studies with 483,600 participants. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant association between outdoor PM2.5 exposure and shorter human TL, with pooled impact estimates (β) of -0.12 (95% CI: -0.20, -0.03, I2= 95.4%) for general long-term exposure and -0.07 (95% CI: -0.15, 0.00, I2= 74.3%) for prenatal exposure. In conclusion, our findings suggest that outdoor PM2.5 exposure may contribute to TL shortening, and noteworthy associations were observed in specific subgroups, suggesting the impact of various research variables. Larger, high-quality studies using standardized methodologies are necessary to strengthen these conclusions further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bincai Wei
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yawen Zhou
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shihan Zhen
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qingyao Wu
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhiyi Xiao
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian Liao
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiahao Duan
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China..
| | - Fengchao Liang
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Qi H, Lim QL, Kinoshita K, Nakajima N, Inoue-Murayama M. A cost-effective blood DNA methylation-based age estimation method in domestic cats, Tsushima leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) and Panthera species, using targeted bisulphite sequencing and machine learning models. Mol Ecol Resour 2024; 24:e13928. [PMID: 38234258 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Individual age can be used to design more efficient and suitable management plans in both in situ and ex situ conservation programmes for targeted wildlife species. DNA methylation is a promising marker of epigenetic ageing that can accurately estimate age from small amounts of biological material, which can be collected in a minimally invasive manner. In this study, we sequenced five targeted genetic regions and used 8-23 selected CpG sites to build age estimation models using machine learning methods at only about $3-7 per sample. Blood samples of seven Felidae species were used, ranging from small to big, and domestic to endangered species: domestic cats (Felis catus, 139 samples), Tsushima leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, 84 samples) and five Panthera species (96 samples). The models achieved satisfactory accuracy, with the mean absolute error of the most accurate models recorded at 1.966, 1.348 and 1.552 years in domestic cats, Tsushima leopard cats and Panthera spp. respectively. We developed the models in domestic cats and Tsushima leopard cats, which were applicable to individuals regardless of health conditions; therefore, these models are applicable to samples collected from individuals with diverse characteristics, which is often the case in conservation. We also showed the possibility of developing universal age estimation models for the five Panthera spp. using only two of the five genetic regions. We do not recommend building a common age estimation model for all the target species using our markers, because of the degraded performance of models that included all species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Qi
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Qi Luan Lim
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Nobuyoshi Nakajima
- Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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8
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Chebly A, Khalil C, Kuzyk A, Beylot-Barry M, Chevret E. T-cell lymphocytes' aging clock: telomeres, telomerase and aging. Biogerontology 2024; 25:279-288. [PMID: 37917220 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the decline of physiological capabilities required for life maintenance and reproduction over time. The human immune cells, including T-cells lymphocytes, undergo dramatic aging-related changes, including those related to telomeres and telomerase. It was demonstrated that telomeres and telomerase play crucial roles in T-cell differentiation, aging, and diseases, including a well-documented link between short telomeres and telomerase activation demonstrated in several T-cells malignancies. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature regarding T-cells' telomeres and telomerase in health and age related-diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Chebly
- Jacques Loiselet Center for Medical Genetics and Genomics (CGGM), Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Higher Institute of Public Health, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Charbel Khalil
- Reviva Stem Cell Platform for Research and Applications Center, Bsalim, Lebanon
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Lebanese American University School of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alexandra Kuzyk
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marie Beylot-Barry
- Dermatology Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Edith Chevret
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, 33000, Bordeaux, France
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Hassler EM, Almer G, Reishofer G, Deutschmann H, Mangge H, Herrmann M, Leber SL, Gunzer F, Langsenlehner T, Renner W. A sex-specific association of leukocyte telomere length with thigh muscle mass. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:150-156. [PMID: 37725415 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Telomeres are DNA-protein complexes at the ends of linear chromosomes that protect against DNA degradation. Telomeres shorten during normal cell divisions and therefore, telomere length is an indicator of mitotic-cell age. In humans, telomere shortening is a potential biomarker for disease risk, progression and premature death. Physical activity has been associated with longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in some studies. In the current study the relationship between LTL, thigh muscle mass and adipose tissue distribution was explored. METHODS We performed anthropometric measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of the thigh in 149 healthy subjects (77 male, 72 female). LTL was measured using qPCR. Additionally, the subjects answered a questionnaire concerning their training behaviour. RESULTS In male subjects, LTL was significantly associated with thigh muscle mass, independent of age and body mass index (p=0.006). In addition, a slight association of LTL with weekly endurance units in the male group was found. These relations could not be observed in females. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we observed a sex-specific association of LTL and thigh muscle mass in healthy males. The reason of this sex-specific association is currently unclear, but could be related to different training effects and/or hormonal pathways in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Maria Hassler
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gunter Almer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gernot Reishofer
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hannes Deutschmann
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BiotechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan L Leber
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Felix Gunzer
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja Langsenlehner
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wilfried Renner
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Rasouli M, Naeimzadeh Y, Hashemi N, Hosseinzadeh S. Age-Related Alterations in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Function: Understanding Mechanisms and Seeking Opportunities to Bypass the Cellular Aging. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:15-32. [PMID: 36642876 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230113144016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Undoubtedly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most common cell therapy candidates in clinical research and therapy. They not only exert considerable therapeutic effects to alleviate inflammation and promote regeneration, but also show low-immunogenicity properties, which ensure their safety following allogeneic transplantation. Thanks to the necessity of providing a sufficient number of MSCs to achieve clinically efficient outcomes, prolonged in vitro cultivation is indisputable. However, either following long-term in vitro expansion or aging in elderly individuals, MSCs face cellular senescence. Senescent MSCs undergo an impairment in their function and therapeutic capacities and secrete degenerative factors which negatively affect young MSCs. To this end, designing novel investigations to further elucidate cellular senescence and to pave the way toward finding new strategies to reverse senescence is highly demanded. In this review, we will concisely discuss current progress on the detailed mechanisms of MSC senescence and various inflicted changes following aging in MSC. We will also shed light on the examined strategies underlying monitoring and reversing senescence in MSCs to bypass the comprised therapeutic efficacy of the senescent MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rasouli
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Naeimzadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Hashemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simzar Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Marcon F, Salemi M, D’Ippolito C, Picardi A, Toccaceli V, Nisticò L, Alviti S, Siniscalchi E, Salani F, Varalda GM, Medda E, Fagnani C. Investigating Genetic and Environmental Substrates of the Relationship between Positive Mental Health and Biological Aging-A Study Protocol. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1720. [PMID: 38137168 PMCID: PMC10741945 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità) funded a 30-month project (July 2021-January 2024) to conduct a twin study of the relationships between Positive Mental Health (PMH) and cellular longevity. Only a few previous studies have focused on the biomarkers of aging in relation to psychological well-being, and none of them exploited the potential of the twin design. METHOD In this project, following the standard procedures of the Italian Twin Registry (ITR), we aim to recruit 200 adult twin pairs enrolled in the ITR. They are requested to complete a self-report questionnaire battery on PMH and to undergo a blood withdrawal for the assessment of aging biomarkers, i.e., telomere length and mitochondrial DNA functionality. The association between psychological and aging biomarker measures will be assessed, controlling for genetic and familial confounding effects using the twin study design. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Biomarker assays are underway. Once data are available for the total study sample, statistical analyses will be performed. The project's results may shed light on new mechanisms underlying the mind-body connection and may prove helpful to promote psychological well-being in conjunction with biological functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marcon
- Unit of Mechanisms/Biomarkers/Models, Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.S.); (G.M.V.)
| | - Miriam Salemi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Cristina D’Ippolito
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Angelo Picardi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Virgilia Toccaceli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Lorenza Nisticò
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Sabrina Alviti
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Ester Siniscalchi
- Unit of Mechanisms/Biomarkers/Models, Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.S.); (G.M.V.)
| | - Francesca Salani
- Unit of Mechanisms/Biomarkers/Models, Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.S.); (G.M.V.)
| | - Giorgia Maria Varalda
- Unit of Mechanisms/Biomarkers/Models, Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (E.S.); (F.S.); (G.M.V.)
| | - Emanuela Medda
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Corrado Fagnani
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (C.D.); (A.P.); (V.T.); (L.N.); (S.A.); (E.M.)
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12
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Padrón‐Monedero A. A pathological convergence theory for non-communicable diseases. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:328-337. [PMID: 38239708 PMCID: PMC10792334 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The current paradigm considers the study of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are the main causes of mortality, as individual disorders. Nevertheless, this conception is being solidly challenged by numerous remarkable studies. The clear fact that the mortality, by virtually all NCDs, tends to cluster at old ages (with the exception of congenital malformations and certain types of cancer, among a few others); makes us intuitive to assume that the common convergence mechanism that exponentially increases mortality by almost all NCDs in older ages is cell aging. Moreover, when we study NCDs, we are not analyzing which disorders cause the mortality of the populations, rather that which disorders kill us before others do, because the aging of the individuals causes inevitably their death by one cause or another. This is not a defeatist perspective, but a challenging and efficient one. These intuitive assumptions have been supported by studies from the pathophysiologic, epidemiologic, and genetic fields, leading to the affirmation that, as NCDs share genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms (derived from mostly the same risk factors), they should no longer be considered independently. Those studies should make us reconsider our current conceptions of studying NCDs as individual disorders, and to hypothesize about a paradigm that would consider most NCDs (cancer, neurological pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis, among others) different manifestations of the same process: the cell aging.
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13
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Medoro A, Saso L, Scapagnini G, Davinelli S. NRF2 signaling pathway and telomere length in aging and age-related diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04878-x. [PMID: 37917279 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is well recognized as a critical regulator of redox, metabolic, and protein homeostasis, as well as the regulation of inflammation. An age-associated decline in NRF2 activity may allow oxidative stress to remain unmitigated and affect key features associated with the aging phenotype, including telomere shortening. Telomeres, the protective caps of eukaryotic chromosomes, are highly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage, which can accelerate telomere shortening and, consequently, lead to premature senescence and genomic instability. In this review, we explore how the dysregulation of NRF2, coupled with an increase in oxidative stress, might be a major determinant of telomere shortening and age-related diseases. We discuss the relevance of the connection between NRF2 deficiency in aging and telomere attrition, emphasizing the importance of studying this functional link to enhance our understanding of aging pathologies. Finally, we present a number of compounds that possess the ability to restore NRF2 function, maintain a proper redox balance, and preserve telomere length during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Sanctis, s.n.c., 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
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14
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Savytska M, Kyriienko D, Komisarenko I, Kovalchuk O, Falalyeyeva T, Kobyliak N. Probiotic for Pancreatic β-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Diabetes Ther 2023; 14:1915-1931. [PMID: 37713103 PMCID: PMC10570251 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-023-01474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many clinical studies have proved the effectiveness of probiotics in metabolic disorders associated with insulin resistance. However, the impact of probiotic therapy on pancreatic β-cell function is ambiguous. The influence of probiotic supplementation vs. placebo on β-cell function in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) was assessed in a double-blind, single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (RCT). METHODS Sixty-eight patients with T2D were selected for participation in the RCT. Patients were randomly allocated to consumption of live multistrain probiotics or a placebo for 8 weeks, administered as a sachet formulation in double-blind treatment. The primary main outcome was the assessment of β-cell function as change in C-peptide and HOMA-β (homeostasis model assessment-estimated β-cell function), which was calculated using the HOMA2 calculator (Diabetes Trials Unit, University of Oxford). Secondary outcomes were the changes in glycemic control-related parameters, anthropomorphic variables, and cytokines levels. Analysis of covariance was used to assess the difference between groups. RESULTS Supplementation with live multiprobiotic was associated with slight significant improvement of β-cell function (HOMA-β increased from 32.48 ± 13.12 to 45.71 ± 25.18; p = 0.003) and reduction of fasting glucose level (13.03 ± 3.46 vs 10.66 ± 2.63 mmol/L and 234.63 ± 62.36 vs 192.07 ± 47.46 mg/dL; p < 0.001) and HbA1c (8.86 ± 1.28 vs 8.48 ± 1.22; p = 0.043) as compared to placebo. Probiotic therapy significantly affects chronic systemic inflammation in people with T2D by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. CONCLUSIONS Probiotic therapies modestly improved β-cell function in patients with T2D. Modulating the gut microbiota represents a new diabetes treatment and should be tested in more extensive studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05765292.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryana Savytska
- Normal Physiology Department, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | | | - Iuliia Komisarenko
- Endocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Tetyana Falalyeyeva
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Medical Laboratory CSD, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Endocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.
- Medical Laboratory CSD, Kyiv, Ukraine.
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15
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Kakridonis F, Pneumatikos SG, Vakonaki E, Berdiaki A, Tzatzarakis MN, Fragkiadaki P, Spandidos DA, Baliou S, Ioannou P, Hatzidaki E, Nikitovic D, Tsatsakis A, Vasiliadis E. Telomere length as a predictive biomarker in osteoporosis (Review). Biomed Rep 2023; 19:87. [PMID: 37881605 PMCID: PMC10594068 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are the ends of chromosomes that protect them from DNA damage. There is evidence to suggest that telomere shortening appears with advanced age. Since aging is a significant risk factor for developing age-related complications, it is plausible that telomere shortening may be involved in the development of osteoporosis. The present review summarizes the potential of telomere shortening as a biomarker for detecting the onset of osteoporosis. For the purposes of the present review, the following scientific databases were searched for relevant articles: PubMed/NCBI, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar. The present review includes randomized and non-randomized controlled studies and case series involving humans, irrespective of the time of their publication. In six out of the 11 included studies providing data on humans, there was at least a weak association between telomere length and osteoporosis, with the remaining studies exhibiting no such association. As a result, telomere shortening may be used as a biomarker or as part of a panel of biomarkers for tracking the onset and progression of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Kakridonis
- 5th Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros G. Pneumatikos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Hatzidaki
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elias Vasiliadis
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
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16
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Blackmon CM, Tucker LA, Bailey BW, Davidson LE. Time Spent Jogging/Running and Biological Aging in 4458 U.S. Adults: An NHANES Investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6872. [PMID: 37835142 PMCID: PMC10572212 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length is a good index of cellular aging. Longer telomeres are predictive of longer life, and healthy lifestyles are associated with longer telomeres. This study explored the relationship between time spent jogging or running each week and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in 4458 randomly selected U.S. adults. The association was studied using data collected by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), and a cross-sectional design. Total weekly jog/run time was calculated from survey responses. From the minute totals, three categories were formed: <10 min/week, 10-74 min/week, and ≥75 min/week. Adults in the third category met the U.S. guidelines. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Partial correlation was used to adjust for differences in potential mediating factors, including demographic and lifestyle/medical factors. In the total sample, after adjusting for all the potential covariates, mean LTL significantly differed across the three jog/run categories (F = 4.1, p = 0.0272). Specifically, adults who met the guidelines via jogging and/or running had significantly longer telomeres than adults who performed no jogging/running. Adults in the middle category did not differ from the other two categories. A minimum of 75 min of jogging/running weekly is predictive of longer telomeres when compared to adults who do not jog or run regularly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larry A. Tucker
- Department of Exercise Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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17
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Dasanayaka NN, Sirisena ND, Samaranayake N. Associations of meditation with telomere dynamics: a case-control study in healthy adults. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1222863. [PMID: 37519381 PMCID: PMC10380951 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1222863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Telomeres are protective end caps of chromosomes which naturally shorten with each cell division and thus with age. Short telomeres have been associated with many age-related diseases. Meditation has come to the fore as a mind-body practice which could influence the telomere dynamics underlying these phenomena. We previously reported meditation to be associated with higher telomerase levels, mindfulness and quality of life. Here, reporting on the same study population, we describe associations between long-term meditation and telomere length (TL), expression of hTERT and hTR genes and methylation of the promoter region of hTERT gene. Methods Thirty healthy meditators and matched non-meditators were recruited. TL was measured using quantitative PCR, gene expression was assessed using reverse transcriptase PCR, and methylation level was quantified by bisulfite-specific PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Comparisons between meditators and controls were carried out using t-tests, while Pearson correlation was used to identify correlations, and regression was used to identify predictors. Results Males comprised 63.4% of each group with an average age of 43 years. On average, they had meditated daily for 5.82 h (±3.45) for 6.8 years (±3.27). Meditators had longer relative TLs (p = 0.020), and TL decreased with age (p < 0.001) but was not associated with other socio-demographic variables. Regression analysis showed that age (p < 0.001) and duration of meditation (p = 0.003) significantly predicted TL. The meditators showed higher relative expression of hTERT (p = 0.020) and hTR (p = 0.029) genes while the methylation level of the promoter region of hTERT gene was significantly lower when compared to non-meditators (p < 0.001). Negative correlations were identified between the methylation level of the promoter region of hTERT gene and the expression of the hTERT gene (p = 0.001) and duration of meditation (p = 0.001). Conclusion The findings suggest that meditation as a lifestyle practice has multi-level beneficial effects on telomere dynamics with potential to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirodhi Namika Dasanayaka
- Research Promotion and Facilitation Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Nirmala Dushyanthi Sirisena
- Department of Anatomy, Genetics & Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Nilakshi Samaranayake
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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18
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Dmitrenko OP, Abramova OI, Karpova NS, Nurbekov MK, Arshinova ES. Relative Telomere Length Is Associated with the Risk of Development and Severity of the Course of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Russian Population. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11360. [PMID: 37511119 PMCID: PMC10379970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most significant factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) development is considered to be aging, the processes of which are closely associated with telomere shortening. The different forms, indicators of aggressiveness, and intensities of AMD can be observed in the same age group, confirming the need to find a biomarker for early diagnosis and be capable of monitoring the progression of the pathological process. Therefore, we investigated whether the relative telomere length (RTL) has any connection with the risk of development of disease and its progression. RTL was measured using RT-PCR in 166 people, including 96 patients with AMD. RTL was significantly lower in patients with AMD. Women were more likely to develop AMD than men (odds ratio (OR) = 9.53 × 106 vs. OR = 1.04 × 108, respectively). The decrease in RTL in patients reliably correlated with the progression of AMD, and the smallest RTL was observed in late-stage patients. RTL < 0.8 is a significant risk factor for disease progression. The results of our research showed that RTL may be considered as a potential biomarker and a promising predictor of disease progression in patients with early AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga P Dmitrenko
- Laboratory of Regulation of Reparative Processes, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology", 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga I Abramova
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliia S Karpova
- Laboratory of Regulation of Reparative Processes, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology", 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Malik K Nurbekov
- Laboratory of Regulation of Reparative Processes, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology", 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Arshinova
- Laboratory of Regulation of Reparative Processes, Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Pathology and Pathophysiology", 125315 Moscow, Russia
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19
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Robertson CM, Xue Y, Chowdhury S, Maringele L. A CDK-Dependent Phosphorylation of a Novel Domain of Rif1 Regulates its Function during Telomere Damage and Other Types of Stress. Mol Cell Biol 2023; 43:185-199. [PMID: 37140180 PMCID: PMC10184589 DOI: 10.1080/10985549.2023.2193768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rif1 mediates telomere length, DNA replication, and DNA damage responses in budding yeast. Previous work identified several posttranslational modifications of Rif1, however none of these was shown to mediate the molecular or cellular responses to DNA damage, including telomere damage. We searched for such modifications using immunoblotting methods and the cdc13-1 and tlc1Δ models of telomere damage. We found that Rif1 is phosphorylated during telomere damage, and that serines 57 and 110 within a novel phospho-gate domain (PGD) of Rif1 are important for this modification, in cdc13-1 cells. The phosphorylation of Rif1 appeared to inhibit its accumulation on damaged chromosomes and the proliferation of cells with telomere damage. Moreover, we found that checkpoint kinases were upstream of this Rif1 phosphorylation and that the Cdk1 activity was essential for maintaining it. Apart from telomere damage, S57 and S110 were essential for Rif1 phosphorylation during the treatment of cells with genotoxic agents or during mitotic stress. We propose a speculative "Pliers" model to explain the role of the PGD phosphorylation during telomere and other types of damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron M Robertson
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yuan Xue
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Shobir Chowdhury
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Laura Maringele
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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20
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Kuo CL, Kirk B, Xiang M, Pilling LC, Kuchel GA, Kremer R, Duque G. Very Low and High Levels of Vitamin D Are Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length in 148,321 UK Biobank Participants. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061474. [PMID: 36986204 PMCID: PMC10059691 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is observed in multiple age-related diseases, which are also associated with vitamin D deficiency (i.e., osteosarcopenia, neurocognitive disorders, cancer, osteoarthritis, etc.), suggesting a close association between vitamin D and LTL. In this study, we examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and LTL in older participants of the UK Biobank. Methods: Data were collected from the UK Biobank. Participants aged 60 and older (n = 148,321) were included. Baseline LTL was measured using a multiplex qPCR technique and expressed as the ratio of the telomere amplification product (T) to that of a single-copy gene (S) (T/S ratio). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was stratified by z score and linked to LTL in a linear regression model adjusting for covariates. Results: Compared to the medium level, a low (in the range of 16.6 nmol/L, 29.7 nmol/L) or extremely low (≤16.6 nmol/L) level of serum 25OHD was associated with shorter LTL: 0.018 SD (standardized β = −0.018, 95% CI −0.033 to −0.003, p = 0.022) and 0.048 SD (standardized β = −0.048, 95% CI −0.083 to −0.014, p = 0.006), respectively. Additionally, the high serum 25OHD groups (>95.9 nmol/L) had 0.038 SD (standardized β = −0.038, 95% CI −0.072 to −0.004, p = 0.030) shorter mean LTL than the group with medium 25OHD levels. The associations above were adjusted for multiple variables. Conclusions: In this population-based study, we identified an inverted U-shape relationship between LTL and vitamin D status. Our findings could be affected by unmeasured confounders. Whether high or low vitamin D-associated shorter LTL is mechanistically related to age-related conditions remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Kuo
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ben Kirk
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Meiruo Xiang
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Luke C. Pilling
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, UK
| | - George A. Kuchel
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Richard Kremer
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Dr. Joseph Kaufmann Chair in Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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21
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Cai Y, Zhong YD, Zhang H, Lu PL, Liang YY, Hu B, Wu H. Association between dietary vitamin C and telomere length: A cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1025936. [PMID: 36776610 PMCID: PMC9908946 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1025936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, telomere length is known to reflect the replication potential and longevity of cells, and many studies have reported that telomere length is associated with age-related diseases and biological aging. Studies have also shown that vitamin C acts as an oxidant and free radical scavenger to protect cells from oxidative stress and telomere wear, thus achieving anti-aging effects. At present, there are few and incomplete studies on the relationship between vitamin C and telomere length, so this study aims to explore the relationship between vitamin C and telomere length. Methods This study used cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database from 1999 to 2002, a total of 7,094 participants were selected from all races in the United States. Male participants accounted for 48.2% and female participants accounted for 51.8%. The correlation between vitamin C and telomere length was assessed using a multiple linear regression model, and the effect of dietary vitamin C on telomere length was obtained after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), and poverty income ratio (PIR). Results This cross-sectional study showed that vitamin C was positively correlated with telomere length, with greater dietary vitamin C intake associated with longer telomeres (β = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.05, P = 0.003). Conclusion This study shows that vitamin C intake is positively correlated with human telomere length, which is of guiding significance for our clinical guidance on people's health care, but our study need to be confirmed by more in-depth and comprehensive other research results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-di Zhong
- Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-lin Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-yi Liang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Hu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Biao Hu,
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Hui Wu,
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22
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Yegorov YE. Special Issue: "Telomerase: Role in Health and Aging". Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112957. [PMID: 36428525 PMCID: PMC9687230 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We would like to introduce the new volume: "Telomerase and Telomeres: Its Role in Health and Aging 2 [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yegor E Yegorov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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23
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Zafirovic S, Macvanin M, Stanimirovic J, Obradovic M, Radovanovic J, Melih I, Isenovic E. Association Between Telomere Length and Cardiovascular Risk: Pharmacological Treatments Affecting Telomeres and Telomerase Activity. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2022; 20:465-474. [PMID: 35986545 DOI: 10.2174/1570161120666220819164240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres represent the ends of chromosomes, and they are composed of an extensive number of - TTAGGG nucleotide sequence repeats in humans. Telomeres prevent chromosome degradation, participate in stabilization, and regulate the DNA repair system. Inflammation and oxidative stress have been identified as important processes causing cardiovascular disease and accelerating telomere shortening rate. This review investigates the link between telomere length and pathological vascular conditions from experimental and human studies. Also, we discuss pharmacological treatments affecting telomeres and telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Zafirovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Julijana Stanimirovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Obradovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Radovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Irena Melih
- Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Esma Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Genetic Variants of the TERT Gene and Telomere Length in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112755. [PMID: 36359275 PMCID: PMC9688013 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a worldwide breathing disorder that has been diagnosed globally in almost 1 billion individuals aged 30−69 years. It is characterized by repeated upper airway collapses during sleep. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is involved in the prevention of telomere shortening. This prospective, observational study aimed to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TERT and the severity of OSA, taking into account hypertension and diabetes prevalence. Methods: A total of 149 patients with OSA were diagnosed using one-night video-polysomnography based on the American Academy of Sleep Medicine guidelines. The TERT SNPs and telomere length (TL) were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Statistical analysis showed that there is no relationship between the rs2853669 and rs2736100 polymorphisms of TERT, and the severity of OSA (p > 0.05). Moreover, no relationship between TL and the severity of OSA was observed. The G allele in the locus of rs2736100 TERT was associated with hypertension prevalence and was more prevalent in hypertensives patients (46.00% vs. 24.49%, p = 0.011). The prevalence of hypertension was higher in patients with the C allele in the locus of rs2853669 than in patients without this allele (50.79% vs. 30.23%, p = 0.010). Moreover, a lower prevalence of diabetes was observed in homozygotes of rs2736100 TERT than in heterozygotes (5.63% vs. 15.38%, p = 0.039). Conclusion: This study showed no relationship between OSA and TERT SNPs. However, SNPs of the TERT gene (rs2736100 and rs2853669) were found to affect arterial hypertension and diabetes prevalence.
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Judasz E, Lisiak N, Kopczyński P, Taube M, Rubiś B. The Role of Telomerase in Breast Cancer's Response to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12844. [PMID: 36361634 PMCID: PMC9654063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, breast cancer appears to be the most widespread cancer in the world and the most common cause of cancer deaths. This specific type of cancer affects women in both developed and developing countries. Prevention and early diagnosis are very important factors for good prognosis. A characteristic feature of cancer cells is the ability of unlimited cell division, which makes them immortal. Telomeres, which are shortened with each cell division in normal cells, are rebuilt in cancer cells by the enzyme telomerase, which is expressed in more than 85% of cancers (up to 100% of adenocarcinomas, including breast cancer). Telomerase may have different functions that are related to telomeres or unrelated. It has been shown that high activity of the enzyme in cancer cells is associated with poor cell sensitivity to therapies. Therefore, telomerase has become a potential target for cancer therapies. The low efficacy of therapies has resulted in the search for new combined and more effective therapeutic methods, including the involvement of telomerase inhibitors and telomerase-targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Judasz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Lisiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kopczyński
- Centre for Orthodontic Mini-Implants at the Department and Clinic of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Taube
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Błażej Rubiś
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Deng Y, Li Q, Zhou F, Li G, Liu J, Lv J, Li L, Chang D. Telomere length and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1012615. [PMID: 36352846 PMCID: PMC9637552 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1012615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The causal direction and magnitude of the associations between telomere length (TL) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain uncertain due to susceptibility of reverse causation and confounding. This study aimed to investigate the associations between TL and CVDs using Mendelian randomization (MR). Materials and methods In this two-sample MR study, we identified 154 independent TL-associated genetic variants from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) consisting of 472,174 individuals (aged 40-69) in the UK Biobank. Summary level data of CVDs were obtained from different GWASs datasets. Methods of inverse variance weighted (IVW), Mendelian Randomization-Egger (MR-Egger), Mendelian Randomization robust adjusted profile score (MR-RAPS), maximum likelihood estimation, weighted mode, penalized weighted mode methods, and Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MR-PRESSO) were conducted to investigate the associations between TL and CVDs. Results Our findings indicated that longer TL was significantly associated with decreased risk of coronary atherosclerosis [odds ratio (OR), 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.75-0.95; P = 4.36E-03], myocardial infarction (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.63-0.83; P = 2.31E-06), ischemic heart disease (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78-0.97; P = 1.01E-02), stroke (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.95; P = 1.60E-03), but an increased risk of hypertension (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02-1.23; P = 2.00E-02). However, there was no significant association between TL and heart failure (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87-1.01; P = 1.10E-01), atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.93-1.11; P = 7.50E-01), or cardiac death (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.82-1.10; P = 4.80E-01). Both raw and outlier corrected estimates from MR-PRESSO were consistent with those of IVW results. The sensitivity analyses showed no evidence of pleiotropy (MR-Egger intercept, P > 0.05), while Cochran's Q test and MR-Egger suggested different degrees of heterogeneity. Conclusion Our MR study suggested that longer telomeres were associated with decreased risk of several CVDs, including coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, as well as an increased risk of hypertension. Future studies are still warranted to validate the results and investigate the mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dong Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Siqueira IR, de Souza Rodrigues A, Flores MS, Vieira Cunha EL, Goldberg M, Harmon B, Batabyal R, Freishtat RJ, Cechinel LR. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles and Particles Derived From Adipocytes: The Potential Role in Spreading MicroRNAs Associated With Cellular Senescence. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:867100. [PMID: 36016863 PMCID: PMC9395989 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.867100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and is recognized as a risk factor for shortened life span. Considering that in vitro findings have shown the involvement of microRNA in extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) on senescence, we hypothesized that circulating EVPs derived from adipocytes can be involved in the aging process via their microRNA cargo. We aimed to determine the microRNA profiles of circulating EVPs derived from adipocytes (FABP4+) from aged and young adult animals and to perform in silico prediction of their downstream signaling effects. Plasma was obtained from Wistar rats (3 and 21 months old), and adipocyte-derived EVPs were isolated using the commercially available kit. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was used for adipocyte-derived EVPs isolation; microRNA isolation and microarray expression analysis were performed. The analysis revealed 728 miRNAs, 32 were differentially between groups (p < 0.05; fold change ≥ |1.1|), of which 15 miRNAs were upregulated and 17 were downregulated in circulating EVPs from aged animals compared to young adults. A conservative filter was applied, and 18 microRNAs had experimentally validated and highly conserved predicted mRNA targets, with a total of 2,228 mRNAs. Canonical pathways, disease and functions, and upstream regulator analyses were performed using IPA-QIAGEN, allowing a global and interconnected evaluation. IPA categories impacted negatively were cell cycle, cellular development, cellular growth and proliferation, and tissue development, while those impacted positively were “digestive system cancer” and “endocrine gland tumor.” Interestingly, the upregulated miR-15-5p targets several cyclins, such as CCND1 and CCND2, and miR-24-3p seems to target CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4); then potentially inhibiting their expression, both miRNAs can induce a negative regulation of cell cycle progression. In contrast, silencing of negative cell cycle checkpoint regulators, such as p21 and p16, can be predicted, which can induce impairment in response to genotoxic stressors. In addition, predicted targets, such as SMAD family members, seem to be involved in the positive control of digestive and endocrine tumors. Taken together, this exploratory study indicates that miRNA signature in circulating adipocyte-derived EVPs may be involved with the double-edged sword of cellular senescence, including irreversible proliferation arrest and tissue-dependent cancer, and seems to be suitable for further validation and confirmatory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira,
| | - Andressa de Souza Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Siqueira Flores
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Letícia Vieira Cunha
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Madeleine Goldberg
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Brennan Harmon
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Rachael Batabyal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Robert J. Freishtat
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Laura Reck Cechinel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
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Kozhevnikova OS, Devyatkin VA, Tyumentsev MA, Rudnitskaya EA, Fursova AZ, Kolosova NG. Astragalus membranaceus Increases Leukocyte Telomere Length, but Does Not Suppress Development of Accelerated Senescence Signs in OXYS Rats. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057022020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Semeraro MD, Almer G, Renner W, Gruber HJ, Herrmann M. Telomere length in leucocytes and solid tissues of young and aged rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:1713-1728. [PMID: 35220278 PMCID: PMC8908913 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Telomeres are protective nucleoprotein structures at the end of chromosomes that shorten with age. Telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) has been proposed as surrogate marker for TL in the entire organism. Solid evidence that supports this concept is lacking. Methods: Relative TL (RTL) was measured in PBMCS and multiple solid tissues from 24 young (4 months) and 24 aged (14 months) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The mRNA expression of telomerase (TERT) and shelterin proteins TERF-1 and TERF-2 was also measured. Results: Mean RTL in PBMCs and solid tissues of young rats ranged from 0.64 ± 0.26 in large intestine to 1.07 ± 0.22 in skeletal muscle. RTL in PBMCs correlated with that in kidney (r = 0.315, p = 0.008), skeletal muscle (r = 0.276, p = 0.022), liver (r = 0.269, p = 0.033), large intestine (r = −0.463, p = 7.035E-5) and aorta (r = −0.273, p = 0.028). A significant difference of RTL between young and aged animals was only observed in aorta (0.98 ± 0.15 vs. 0.76 ± 0.11, p = 1.987E-6), lung (0.76 ± 0.14 vs. 0.85 ± 0.14, p = 0.024) and visceral fat (0.83 ± 0.14 vs. 0.92 ± 0.15, p = 0.44). The expression of TERT significantly differed between the tested organs with highest levels in liver and kidney. Age-related differences in TERT expression were found in PBMCs, skeletal muscle, and visceral fat. mRNA expression of TERF-1 and TERF-2 was tissue-specific with the highest levels in liver. Age-related differences in TERF-1 and TERF-2 expression were inconsistent. Conclusions: The present study questions the utility of RTL in PBMCs as a biomarker for the individual assessment of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Donatella Semeraro
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (CIMCL), Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Gunter Almer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (CIMCL), Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Wilfried Renner
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (CIMCL), Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Hans-Jürgen Gruber
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (CIMCL), Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (CIMCL), Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
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Guzonjić A, Sopić M, Ostanek B, Kotur-Stevuljević J. Telomere length as a biomarker of aging and diseases. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm72-36376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As research related to healthspan and lifespan has become a hot topic, the necessity for a reliable and practical biomarker of aging (BoA), which can provide information about mortality and morbidity risk, along with remaining life expectancy, has increased. The chromosome terminus non-coding protective structure that prevents genomic instability is called a telomere. The continual shortening of telomeres, which affects their structure as well as function, is a hallmark of agedness. The aforementioned process is a potential cause of age-related diseases (ARDs), leading to a bad prognosis and a low survival rate, which compromise health and longevity. Hence, studies scrutinizing the BoAs often include telomere length (TL) as a prospective candidate. The results of these studies suggest that TL measurement can only provide an approximate appraisal of the aging rate, and its implementation into clinical practice and routine use as a BoA has many limitations and challenges. Nevertheless, measuring TL while determining other biomarkers can be used to assess biological age. This review focuses on the importance of telomeres in health, senescence, and diseases, as well as on summarizing the results and conclusions of previous studies evaluating TL as a potential BoA.
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Effect of Physical Activity, Smoking, and Sleep on Telomere Length: A Systematic Review of Observational and Intervention Studies. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010076. [PMID: 35011817 PMCID: PMC8745211 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a risk factor for several pathologies, restricting one’s health span, and promoting chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases), as well as cancer. Telomeres are regions of repetitive DNA located at chromosomal ends. Telomere length has been inversely associated with chronological age and has been considered, for a long time, a good biomarker of aging. Several lifestyle factors have been linked with telomere shortening or maintenance. However, the consistency of results is hampered by some methodological issues, including study design, sample size, measurement approaches, and population characteristics, among others. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the current literature on the effects of three relevant lifestyle factors on telomere length in human adults: physical activity, smoking, and sleep. We conducted a qualitative systematic review of observational and intervention studies using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The systematic literature search covered articles published in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (from 2010 to 2020). A total of 1400 studies were identified; 83 were included after quality control. Although fewer sedentary activities, optimal sleep habits, and non- or ex-smoker status have been associated with less telomere shortening, several methodological issues were detected, including the need for more targeted interventions and standardized protocols to better understand how physical activity and sleep can impact telomere length and aging. We discuss the main findings and current limitations to gain more insights into the influence of these lifestyle factors on the healthy aging process.
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