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Saha A, Kolonin MG, DiGiovanni J. Obesity and prostate cancer - microenvironmental roles of adipose tissue. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:579-596. [PMID: 37198266 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to have important roles in driving prostate cancer aggressiveness and increased mortality. Multiple mechanisms have been postulated for these clinical observations, including effects of diet and lifestyle, systemic changes in energy balance and hormonal regulation and activation of signalling by growth factors and cytokines and other components of the immune system. Over the past decade, research on obesity has shifted towards investigating the role of peri-prostatic white adipose tissue as an important source of locally produced factors that stimulate prostate cancer progression. Cells that comprise white adipose tissue, the adipocytes and their progenitor adipose stromal cells (ASCs), which proliferate to accommodate white adipose tissue expansion in obesity, have been identified as important drivers of obesity-associated cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipocytes are a source of lipids that are used by adjacent prostate cancer cells. However, results of preclinical studies indicate that ASCs promote tumour growth by remodelling extracellular matrix and supporting neovascularization, contributing to the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through paracrine signalling. Because epithelial-mesenchymal transition is associated with cancer chemotherapy resistance and metastasis, ASCs are considered to be potential targets of therapies that could be developed to suppress cancer aggressiveness in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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2
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Amatya S, Tietje-Mckinney D, Mueller S, Petrillo MG, Woolard MD, Bharrhan S, Orr AW, Kevil CG, Cidlowski JA, Cruz-Topete D. Adipocyte Glucocorticoid Receptor Inhibits Immune Regulatory Genes to Maintain Immune Cell Homeostasis in Adipose Tissue. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad143. [PMID: 37738419 PMCID: PMC10558062 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids acting via the glucocorticoid receptors (GR) are key regulators of metabolism and the stress response. However, uncontrolled or excessive GR signaling adversely affects adipose tissue, including endocrine, immune, and metabolic functions. Inflammation of the adipose tissue promotes systemic metabolic dysfunction; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of adipocyte GR in regulating genes associated with adipose tissue inflammation are poorly understood. We performed in vivo studies using adipocyte-specific GR knockout mice in conjunction with in vitro studies to understand the contribution of adipocyte GR in regulating adipose tissue immune homeostasis. Our findings show that adipocyte-specific GR signaling regulates adipokines at both mRNA and plasma levels and immune regulatory (Coch, Pdcd1, Cemip, and Cxcr2) mRNA gene expression, which affects myeloid immune cell presence in white adipose tissue. We found that, in adipocytes, GR directly influences Cxcr2. This chemokine receptor promotes immune cell migration, indirectly affecting Pdcd1 and Cemip gene expression in nonadipocyte or stromal cells. Our findings suggest that GR adipocyte signaling suppresses inflammatory signals, maintaining immune homeostasis. We also found that GR signaling in adipose tissue in response to stress is sexually dimorphic. Understanding the molecular relationship between GR signaling and adipose tissue inflammation could help develop potential targets to improve local and systemic inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shripa Amatya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences and Center for Redox Biology and Cardiovascular Disease, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Dylan Tietje-Mckinney
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Schaefer Mueller
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Maria G Petrillo
- Department of Health and Human Services, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Matthew D Woolard
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences and Center for Redox Biology and Cardiovascular Disease, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Sushma Bharrhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Anthony Wayne Orr
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences and Center for Redox Biology and Cardiovascular Disease, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences and Center for Redox Biology and Cardiovascular Disease, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - John A Cidlowski
- Department of Health and Human Services, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Diana Cruz-Topete
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences and Center for Redox Biology and Cardiovascular Disease, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center—Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
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3
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Saha A, Hamilton-Reeves J, DiGiovanni J. White adipose tissue-derived factors and prostate cancer progression: mechanisms and targets for interventions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:649-671. [PMID: 35927363 PMCID: PMC9474694 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Obesity represents an important risk factor for prostate cancer, driving more aggressive disease, chemoresistance, and increased mortality. White adipose tissue (WAT) overgrowth in obesity is central to the mechanisms that lead to these clinical observations. Adipose stromal cells (ASCs), the progenitors to mature adipocytes and other cell types in WAT, play a vital role in driving PCa aggressiveness. ASCs produce numerous factors, especially chemokines, including the chemokine CXCL12, which is involved in driving EMT and chemoresistance in PCa. A greater understanding of the impact of WAT in obesity-induced progression of PCa and the underlying mechanisms has begun to provide opportunities for developing interventional strategies for preventing or offsetting these critical events. These include weight loss regimens, therapeutic targeting of ASCs, use of calorie restriction mimetic compounds, and combinations of compounds as well as specific receptor targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Jill Hamilton-Reeves
- Departments of Urology and Dietetics & Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
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4
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Lee D, Lee KH, Kim DW, Yoon S, Cho JY. CXCL5 inhibits excessive oxidative stress by regulating white adipocyte differentiation. Redox Biol 2022; 54:102359. [PMID: 35696764 PMCID: PMC9194457 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been well-documented as a major factor in immune cell migration and the regulation of immune responses. However, recent studies have reported that chemokines have diverse roles, both in immune cells and other cell types, including adipocytes. This study investigated the molecular functions of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) in white adipose cells using Cxcl5 knock-out (KO) mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The expression of Cxcl5 decreased by 90% during adipocyte differentiation and remained at a low level in mature adipocytes. Moreover, adipogenesis was enhanced when adipocytes were differentiated from the stromal vascular fraction (SFV) of Cxcl5 KO mice. Feeding an HFD increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoted abnormal adipogenesis in Cxcl5 KO mice. Oxidative stress and insulin resistance occurred in Cxcl5 KO mice due to decreased antioxidant enzymes and failure to remove ROS. These results indicate the principal roles of CXCL5 in adipogenesis and ROS regulation in adipose tissue, further suggesting that CXCL5 is a valuable chemokine for metabolic disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 Plus and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 Plus and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 Plus and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 Plus and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 Plus and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Thromboinflammatory Processes at the Nexus of Metabolic Dysfunction and Prostate Cancer: The Emerging Role of Periprostatic Adipose Tissue. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071679. [PMID: 35406450 PMCID: PMC8996963 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As overweight and obesity increase among the population worldwide, a parallel increase in the number of individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer was observed. There appears to be a relationship between both diseases where the increase in the mass of fat tissue can lead to inflammation. Such a state of inflammation could produce many factors that increase the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, especially if this inflammation occurred in the fat stores adjacent to the prostate. Another important observation that links obesity, fat tissue inflammation, and prostate cancer is the increased production of blood clotting factors. In this article, we attempt to explain the role of these latter factors in the effect of increased body weight on the progression of prostate cancer and propose new ways of treatment that act by affecting how these clotting factors work. Abstract The increased global prevalence of metabolic disorders including obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and diabetes is mirrored by an increased incidence of prostate cancer (PCa). Ample evidence suggests that these metabolic disorders, being characterized by adipose tissue (AT) expansion and inflammation, not only present as risk factors for the development of PCa, but also drive its increased aggressiveness, enhanced progression, and metastasis. Despite the emerging molecular mechanisms linking AT dysfunction to the various hallmarks of PCa, thromboinflammatory processes implicated in the crosstalk between these diseases have not been thoroughly investigated. This is of particular importance as both diseases present states of hypercoagulability. Accumulating evidence implicates tissue factor, thrombin, and active factor X as well as other players of the coagulation cascade in the pathophysiological processes driving cancer development and progression. In this regard, it becomes pivotal to elucidate the thromboinflammatory processes occurring in the periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), a fundamental microenvironmental niche of the prostate. Here, we highlight key findings linking thromboinflammation and the pleiotropic effects of coagulation factors and their inhibitors in metabolic diseases, PCa, and their crosstalk. We also propose several novel therapeutic targets and therapeutic interventions possibly modulating the interaction between these pathological states.
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6
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Choe D, Lee ES, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Wilson AJ, Whalen MM, Adunyah SE, Son DS. High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Effects of Adipocyte-Specific CXCR2 Conditional Knockout in the Peritoneal Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13195033. [PMID: 34638514 PMCID: PMC8508092 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity contributes to ovarian cancer (OC) progression via tumorigenic chemokines. Adipocytes and OC cells highly express CXCR2, and its ligands CXCL1/8, respectively, indicating that the CXCL1/8-CXCR2 axis is a molecular link between obesity and OC. Here, we investigated how the adipocyte-specific CXCR2 conditional knockout (cKO) affected the peritoneal tumor microenvironment of OC in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. We first generated adipocyte-specific CXCR2 cKO in mice: adipose tissues were not different in crown-like structures and adipocyte size between the wild-type (WT) and cKO mice but expressed lower levels of CCL2/6 compared to the obese WT mice. HFD-induced obese mice had a shorter survival time than lean mice. Particularly, obese WT and cKO mice developed higher tumors and ascites burdens, respectively. The ascites from the obese cKO mice showed increased vacuole clumps but decreased the floating tumor burden, tumor-attached macrophages, triglyceride, free fatty acid, CCL2, and TNF levels compared to obese WT mice. A tumor analysis revealed that obese cKO mice attenuated inflammatory areas, PCNA, and F4/80 compared to obese WT mice, indicating a reduced tumor burden, and there were positive relationships between the ascites and tumor parameters. Taken together, the adipocyte-specific CXCR2 cKO was associated with obesity-induced ascites despite a reduced tumor burden, likely altering the peritoneal tumor microenvironment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokyeong Choe
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32301, USA;
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA;
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA;
| | - Andrew J. Wilson
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Margaret M. Whalen
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Samuel E. Adunyah
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
| | - Deok-Soo Son
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
- Correspondence:
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7
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Lee D, Kim DW, Yoon S, Nam AR, Lee KH, Nam KH, Cho SM, Yoon Y, Cho JY. CXCL5 secreted from macrophages during cold exposure mediates white adipose tissue browning. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100117. [PMID: 34537202 PMCID: PMC8512628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue affects metabolic-related diseases because it consists of various cell types involved in fat metabolism and adipokine release. CXC ligand 5 (CXCL5) is a member of the CXC chemokine family and is highly expressed by macrophages in white adipose tissue (WAT). In this study, we generated and investigated the function of CXCL5 in knockout (KO) mice using CRISPR/Cas9. The male KO mice did not show significant phenotype differences in normal conditions. However, proteomic analysis revealed that many proteins involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation and mitochondrial localization were enriched in the inguinal WAT (iWAT) of Cxcl5 KO mice. Cxcl5 KO mice also showed decreased protein and transcript expression of genes associated with thermogenesis, including uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a well-known thermogenic gene, and increased expression of genes associated with inflammation. The increase in UCP1 expression in cold conditions was significantly retarded in Cxcl5 KO mice. Finally, we found that CXCL5 treatment increased the expression of transcription factors that mediate Ucp1 expression and Ucp1 itself. Collectively, our data show that Ucp1 expression is induced in adipocytes by CXCL5, which is secreted upon β-adrenergic stimulation by cold stimulation in M1 macrophages. Our data indicate that CXCL5 plays a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism, particularly upon cold exposure. These results strongly suggest that targeting CXCL5 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for people suffering from disorders affecting energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A-Reum Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institution of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Cho
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institution of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungju, South Korea
| | - Yeodae Yoon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institution of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungju, South Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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8
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Induction of the CD24 Surface Antigen in Primary Undifferentiated Human Adipose Progenitor Cells by the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway. Biologics 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/biologics1020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the murine model system of adipogenesis, the CD24 cell surface protein represents a valuable marker to label undifferentiated adipose progenitor cells. Indeed, when injected into the residual fat pads of lipodystrophic mice, these CD24 positive cells reconstitute a normal white adipose tissue (WAT) depot. Unluckily, similar studies in humans are rare and incomplete. This is because it is impossible to obtain large numbers of primary CD24 positive human adipose stem cells (hASCs). This study shows that primary hASCs start to express the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored CD24 protein when cultured with a chemically defined medium supplemented with molecules that activate the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Therefore, this in vitro system may help understand the biology and role in adipogenesis of the CD24-positive hASCs. The induced cells’ phenotype was studied by flow cytometry, Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) techniques, and their secretion profile. The results show that CD24 positive cells are early undifferentiated progenitors expressing molecules related to the angiogenic pathway.
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9
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Lee CE, Choi SH, Yoon JS. Chemokine Expression during Adipogenesis and Inflammation in Orbital Fibroblasts from Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2021; 34:192-202. [PMID: 32495527 PMCID: PMC7269740 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2020.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, including Graves' orbitopathy (GO), but comprehensive analyses of the dynamics of these cytokines and their receptors in such diseases remain lacking. In this study, we investigated the expressions of chemokines and their receptors during adipogenesis and inflammation in primary cultured orbital fibroblasts from patients with GO. Methods The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of chemokines were compared between GO (n = 6) and non-GO (n = 5) orbital tissues by real-time polymerase chain reaction. After adipogenesis was induced in primary cultured orbital fibroblasts from patients with GO (n =5) and following stimulation with interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, the mRNA expression levels of chemokines and their receptors were analyzed. Results Chemokines were significantly downregulated in GO orbital tissues compared to non-GO orbital tissues (p < 0.05). Adipogenesis resulted in a strong increase in mRNA expression levels of chemokines and their receptors at an early stage (day 1); however, expression levels started to decrease thereafter and, eventually, decreased to below basal levels at the end of adipogenesis (day 10). Following stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α, the mRNA expression levels of chemokines and their receptors increased, showing different responses to various proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusions Chemokines were strongly upregulated in the early phase of adipogenesis before decreasing continuously until the end of adipogenesis. Also, overt mature GO tissues showed reduced mRNA expression of chemokines compared to controls, which might indicate the existence of a shorter window for effective medical inflammatory treatment. The heightened levels of chemokines and their receptors observed after stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α suggest a crucial role of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of GO and, further, support the idea that chemokines could be used as biomarkers of GO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Eun Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Choi
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Sook Yoon
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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10
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Nguyen HP, Lin F, Yi D, Xie Y, Dinh J, Xue P, Sul HS. Aging-dependent regulatory cells emerge in subcutaneous fat to inhibit adipogenesis. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1437-1451.e3. [PMID: 33878347 PMCID: PMC8137669 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue mass and adiposity change throughout the lifespan. During aging, while visceral adipose tissue (VAT) tends to increase, peripheral subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) decreases significantly. Unlike VAT, which is linked to metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, SAT has beneficial effects. However, the molecular details behind the aging-associated loss of SAT remain unclear. Here, by comparing scRNA-seq of total stromal vascular cells of SAT from young and aging mice, we identify an aging-dependent regulatory cell (ARC) population that emerges only in SAT of aged mice and humans. ARCs express adipose progenitor markers but lack adipogenic capacity; they secrete high levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines, including Ccl6, to inhibit proliferation and differentiation of neighboring adipose precursors. We also found Pu.1 to be a driving factor for ARC development. We identify an ARC population and its capacity to inhibit differentiation of neighboring adipose precursors, correlating with aging-associated loss of SAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai P Nguyen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Frances Lin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Danielle Yi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Endocrinology Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jennie Dinh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Pengya Xue
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hei Sook Sul
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Endocrinology Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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11
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Kulkarni A, Bowers LW. The role of immune dysfunction in obesity-associated cancer risk, progression, and metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3423-3442. [PMID: 33464384 PMCID: PMC11073382 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of and a worse prognosis for several types of cancer. A number of interrelated mediators contribute to obesity's pro-tumor effects, including chronic adipose inflammation and other perturbations of immune cell development and function. Here, we review studies examining the impact of obesity-induced immune dysfunction on cancer risk and progression. While the role of adipose tissue inflammation in obesity-associated cancer risk has been well characterized, the effects of obesity on immune cell infiltration and activity within the tumor microenvironment are not well studied. In this review, we aim to highlight the impact of both adipose-mediated inflammatory signaling and intratumoral immunosuppressive signaling in obesity-induced cancer risk, progression, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesha Kulkarni
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Laura W Bowers
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
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12
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Liu C, Zhao Q, Yu X. Bone Marrow Adipocytes, Adipocytokines, and Breast Cancer Cells: Novel Implications in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:561595. [PMID: 33123472 PMCID: PMC7566900 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.561595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating discoveries highlight the importance of interaction between marrow stromal cells and cancer cells for bone metastasis. Bone is the most common metastatic site of breast cancer and bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are the most abundant component of the bone marrow microenvironment. BMAs are unique in their origin and location, and recently they are found to serve as an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. It is reasonable to speculate that BMAs contribute to the modification of bone metastatic microenvironment and affecting metastatic breast cancer cells in the bone marrow. Indeed, BMAs may participate in bone metastasis of breast cancer through regulation of recruitment, invasion, survival, colonization, proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune modulation by their production of various adipocytokines. In this review, we provide an overview of research progress, focusing on adipocytokines secreted by BMAs and their potential roles for bone metastasis of breast cancer, and investigating the mechanisms mediating the interaction between BMAs and metastatic breast cancer cells. Based on current findings, BMAs may function as a pivotal modulator of bone metastasis of breast cancer, therefore targeting BMAs combined with conventional treatment programs might present a promising therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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CXCL13 is a differentiation- and hypoxia-induced adipocytokine that exacerbates the inflammatory phenotype of adipocytes through PHLPP1 induction. Biochem J 2020; 476:3533-3548. [PMID: 31710352 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia in adipose tissue is regarded as a trigger that induces dysregulation of the secretory profile in adipocytes. Similarly, local dysregulation of adipocytokine secretion is an initial event in the deleterious effects of obesity on metabolism. We previously reported that CXCL13 is highly produced during adipogenesis, however little is known about the roles of CXCL13 in adipocytes. Here, we found that hypoxia, as modeled by 1% O2 or exposure to the hypoxia-mimetic reagent desferrioxamine (DFO) has strong inductive effects on the expression of CXCL13 and CXCR5, a CXCL13 receptor, in both undifferentiated and differentiated adipocytes and in organ-cultured white adipose tissue (WAT). CXCL13 was also highly expressed in WAT from high fat diet-fed mice. Hypoxic profile, typified by increased expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and decreased expression of adiponectin, was significantly induced by CXCL13 treatment during adipogenic differentiation. Conversely, the treatment of adipocytes with a neutralizing-antibody against CXCL13 as well as CXCR5 knockdown by specific siRNA effectively inhibited DFO-induced inflammation. The phosphorylation of Akt2, a protective factor of adipose inflammation, was significantly inhibited by CXCL13 treatment during adipogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, CXCL13 induces the expression of PHLPP1, an Akt2 phosphatase, through focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling; and correspondingly we show that CXCL13 and DFO-induced IL-6 and PAI-1 expression was blocked by Phlpp1 knockdown. Furthermore, we revealed the functional binding sites of PPARγ2 and HIF1-α within the Cxcl13 promoter. Taken together, these results indicate that CXCL13 is an adipocytokine that facilitates hypoxia-induced inflammation in adipocytes through FAK-mediated induction of PHLPP1 in autocrine and/or paracrine manner.
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14
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Rivera P, Martos-Moreno GÁ, Barrios V, Suárez J, Pavón FJ, Chowen JA, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Argente J. A novel approach to childhood obesity: circulating chemokines and growth factors as biomarkers of insulin resistance. Pediatr Obes 2019; 14:e12473. [PMID: 30350467 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) in children with obesity constitutes a risk factor that should be precisely diagnosed to prevent further comorbidities. OBJECTIVE Chemokines were evaluated to identify novel predictors of IR with clinical application. METHODS We analysed the levels of cytokines (tumour necrosis factor [TNF] α and interleukins [ILs] 1β, 4, 6 and 10), chemokines (stromal cell derived factor 1α, monocyte chemoattract protein [MCP] 1, eotaxin and fractalkine) and growth factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, pro-fibrotic platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF-BB] and insulin-like growth factor 1) in serum of prepubertal children with obesity (61 girls/59 boys, 50% IR and 50% non-IR) and 32 controls. Factor analysis, correlation, binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis of combined biomarkers were used to validate their capability for preventive interventions of IR. RESULTS Changes in MCP1, eotaxin, IL1β and PDGF-BB were observed in IR children with obesity. Bivariate correlation between stromal cell derived factor 1α, MCP1, eotaxin, TNFα, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and/or PDGF-BB explained the high variance (65.9%) defined by three components related to inflammation and growth that contribute towards IR. The combination of leptin, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein, insulin-like growth factor 1, TNFα, MCP1 and PDGF-BB showed a sensitivity and specificity of 93.2% for the identification of IR. The percentage of correct predictions was 89.6. CONCLUSIONS Combined set of cytokines, adipokines and chemokines constitutes a model that predicts IR, suggesting a potential application in clinical practice as biomarkers to identify children with obesity and hyperinsulinaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rivera
- Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Á Martos-Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital de la Princesa Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutriciόn (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Barrios
- Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital de la Princesa Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutriciόn (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental, Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - F J Pavón
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental, Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - J A Chowen
- Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital de la Princesa Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutriciόn (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Food Institute, CEIUAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental, Universidad de Málaga, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Department of Psychobiology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Argente
- Department of Pediatrics & Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital de la Princesa Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutriciόn (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Food Institute, CEIUAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Ignacio RMC, Lee ES, Wilson AJ, Beeghly-Fadiel A, Whalen MM, Son DS. Obesity-Induced Peritoneal Dissemination of Ovarian Cancer and Dominant Recruitment of Macrophages in Ascites. Immune Netw 2018; 18:e47. [PMID: 30619633 PMCID: PMC6312889 DOI: 10.4110/in.2018.18.e47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
One-fifth of cancer deaths are associated with obesity. Because the molecular mechanisms by which obesity affects the progression of ovarian cancer (OC) are poorly understood, we investigated if obesity could promote the progression of OC cells using the postmenopausal ob/ob mouse model and peritoneal dissemination of mouse ID8 OC cells. Compared to lean mice, obese mice had earlier OC occurrence, greater metastasis throughout the peritoneal cavity, a trend toward shorter survival, and higher circulating glucose and proinflammatory chemokine CXCL1 levels. Ascites in obese mice had higher levels of macrophages (Mφ) and chemokines including CCL2, CXCL12, CXCL13, G-CSF and M-CSF. Omental tumor tissues in obese mice had more adipocytes than lean mice. Our data suggest that obesity may accelerate the peritoneal dissemination of OC through higher production of pro-inflammatory chemokines and Mφ recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Mistica C Ignacio
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32301, USA
| | - Andrew J Wilson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Margaret M Whalen
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Deok-Soo Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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16
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Dyer DP, Nebot JB, Kelly CJ, Medina-Ruiz L, Schuette F, Graham GJ. The chemokine receptor CXCR2 contributes to murine adipocyte development. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:497-506. [PMID: 30517976 PMCID: PMC6392114 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0618-216rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are members of a large family of chemotactic cytokines that signal through their receptors to mediate leukocyte recruitment during inflammation and homeostasis. The chemokine receptor CXCR2 has largely been associated with neutrophil recruitment. However, there is emerging evidence of roles for chemokines and their receptors in processes other than leukocyte migration. We have previously demonstrated that CXCR2 knockout (KO) mice have thinner skin compared to wild‐type mice. Herein we demonstrate that this is due to a thinner subcutaneous adipose layer, as a result of fewer and smaller individual adipocytes. We observe a similar phenotype in other fat depots and present data that suggests this may be due to reduced expression of adipogenesis related genes associated with adipocyte specific CXCR2 signaling. Interestingly, this phenotype is evident in female, but not male, CXCR2 KO mice. These findings expand our understanding of nonleukocyte related chemokine receptor functions and help to explain some previously observed adipose‐related phenotypes in CXCR2 KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas P Dyer
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Joan Boix Nebot
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Kelly
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Medina-Ruiz
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Fabian Schuette
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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17
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Chang SH, Yun UJ, Choi JH, Kim S, Lee AR, Lee DH, Seo MJ, Panic V, Villanueva CJ, Song NJ, Park KW. Identification of Phf16 and Pnpla3 as new adipogenic factors regulated by phytochemicals. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3599-3610. [PMID: 30272815 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation is controlled by multiple signaling pathways. To identify new adipogenic factors, C3H10T1/2 adipocytes were treated with previously known antiadipogenic phytochemicals (resveratrol, butein, sulfuretin, and fisetin) for 24 hours. Commonly regulated genes were then identified by transcriptional profiling analysis. Three genes (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 [ Cxcl1], heme oxygenase 1 [ Hmox1], and PHD (plant homeo domain) finger protein 16 [ Phf16]) were upregulated while two genes (G0/G1 switch gene 2 [ G0s2] and patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 [ Pnpla3]) were downregulated by these four antiadipogenic compounds. Tissue expression profiles showed that the G0s2 and Pnpla3 expressions were highly specific to adipose depots while the other three induced genes were ubiquitously expressed with significantly higher expression in adipose tissues. While Cxcl1 expression was decreased, expressions of the other four genes were significantly increased during adipogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown including Phf16 and Pnpla3 indicated that these genes might play regulatory roles in lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation. Specifically, the silencing of two newly identified adipogenic genes, Phf16 or Pnpla3, suppressed lipid accumulation and expression of adipocyte markers in both 3T3-L1 and C3H10T1/2 cells. Taken together, these data showed previously uncovered roles of Phf16 and Pnpla3 in adipogenesis, highlighting the potential of using phytochemicals for further investigation of adipocyte biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ui Jeong Yun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Choi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Suji Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - A Reum Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Min-Ju Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Vanja Panic
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Claudio J Villanueva
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - No-Joon Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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18
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Telmisartan prevents diet-induced obesity and preserves leptin transport across the blood-brain barrier in high-fat diet-fed mice. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1673-1689. [PMID: 29978352 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health problem and treatment options are still insufficient. When chronically treated with the angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan (TEL), rodents do not develop diet-induced obesity (DIO). However, the underlying mechanism for this is still unclear. Here we investigated whether TEL prevents leptin resistance by enhancing leptin uptake across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To address this question, we fed C57BL/6 mice a high-fat diet (HFD) and treated them daily with TEL by oral gavage. In addition to broadly characterizing the metabolism of leptin, we determined leptin uptake into the brain by measuring BBB transport of radioactively labeled leptin after long-term and short-term TEL treatment. Additionally, we assessed BBB integrity in response to angiotensin II in vitro and in vivo. We found that HFD markedly increased body weight, energy intake, and leptin concentration but that this effect was abolished under TEL treatment. Furthermore, glucose control and, most importantly, leptin uptake across the BBB were impaired in mice on HFD, but, again, both were preserved under TEL treatment. BBB integrity was not impaired due to angiotensin II or blocking of angiotensin II receptors. However, TEL did not exhibit an acute effect on leptin uptake across the BBB. Our results confirm that TEL prevents DIO and show that TEL preserves leptin transport and thereby prevents leptin resistance. We conclude that the preservation of leptin sensitivity is, however, more a consequence than the cause of TEL preventing body weight gain.
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19
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Liu Y, Cai Y, Liu L, Wu Y, Xiong X. Crucial biological functions of CCL7 in cancer. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4928. [PMID: 29915688 PMCID: PMC6004300 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7 (CCL7), a CC chemokine, is a chemotactic factor and attractant for various kinds of leukocytes, including monocytes and neutrophils. CCL7 is widely expressed in multiple cell types and can participate in anti-inflammatory responses through binding to its receptors to mediate the recruitment of immune cells. Abnormal CCL7 expression is associated with certain immune diseases. Furthermore, CCL7 plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. CCL7 promotes tumor progression by supporting the formation of the tumor microenvironment and facilitating tumor invasion and metastasis, although some studies have suggested that CCL7 has tumor suppressor effects. In this review, we summarize the currently available information regarding the influence of CCL7 on tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadi Cai
- First Clinical Medical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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20
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Bordoni B, Marelli F, Morabito B, Cavallaro F, Lintonbon D. Fascial preadipocytes: another missing piece of the puzzle to understand fibromyalgia? Open Access Rheumatol 2018; 10:27-32. [PMID: 29750060 PMCID: PMC5935082 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s155919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) syndrome is a chronic condition causing pain, affecting approximately 0.5%-6% of the developed countries' population, and on average, 2% of the worldwide population. Despite the large amount of scientific literature available, the FM etiology is still uncertain. The diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and the severity of the symptomatology. Several studies pointed out pathological alterations within the central nervous system, suggesting that FM could originate from a central sensitization of the pain processing centers. Research supports the thesis of a peripheral neuropathic component, with the finding of axonal damages. The fibromyalgia patient has many myofascial system abnormalities, such as pain and fatigue, impairing the symptomatic profile. This paper revises the myopathic compensations, highlighting the possible role of the fascia in generating symptoms, being aware of the new information about the fascia's activity in stimulating inflammation and fat cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Foundation Don Carlo Gnocchi IRCCS, Department of Cardiology, Institute of Hospitalization and Care with Scientific, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiola Marelli
- CRESO, School of Osteopathic Center for Research and Studies, Department of Fascial Osteopathic Research: FORe, Gorla Minore, Italy
- CRESO, School of Osteopathic Center for Research and Studies, Department of Fascial Osteopathic Research, Fano, Italy
| | - Bruno Morabito
- CRESO, School of Osteopathic Center for Research and Studies, Department of Fascial Osteopathic Research: FORe, Gorla Minore, Italy
- CRESO, School of Osteopathic Center for Research and Studies, Department of Fascial Osteopathic Research, Fano, Italy
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomopathological Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | | | - David Lintonbon
- London School of Osteopathy, Department of Osteopathic Technique, London, UK
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21
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Effects of exosomes from LPS-activated macrophages on adipocyte gene expression, differentiation, and insulin-dependent glucose uptake. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 74:559-568. [PMID: 29560554 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0622-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is usually associated with low-grade inflammation, which determines the appearance of comorbidities like atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Infiltrated macrophages in adipose tissue are partly responsible of this inflammatory condition. Numerous studies point to the existence of close intercommunication between macrophages and adipocytes and pay particular attention to the proinflammatory cytokines released by both cell types. However, it has been recently described that in both, circulation and tissue level, there are extracellular vesicles (including microvesicles and exosomes) containing miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins that can influence the inflammatory response. The objective of the present research is to investigate the effect of exosomes released by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages on gene expression and cell metabolism of adipocytes, focusing on the differential exosomal miRNA pattern between LPS- and non-activated macrophages. The results show that the exosomes secreted by the macrophages do not influence the preadipocyte-to-adipocyte differentiation process, fat storage, and insulin-mediated glucose uptake in adipocytes. However, exosomes induce changes in adipocyte gene expression depending on their origin (LPS- or non-activated macrophages), including genes such as CXCL5, SOD, TNFAIP3, C3, and CD34. Some of the pathways or metabolic processes upregulated by exosomes from LPS-activated macrophages are related to inflammation (complement activation, regulation of reactive oxygen species, migration and activation of leukocyte, and monocyte chemotaxis), carbohydrate catabolism, and cell activation. miR-530, chr9_22532, and chr16_34840 are more abundant in exosomes from LPS-activated macrophages, whereas miR-127, miR-143, and miR-486 are more abundant in those secreted by non-activated macrophages.
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22
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Zhu Y, Kruglikov IL, Akgul Y, Scherer PE. Hyaluronan in adipogenesis, adipose tissue physiology and systemic metabolism. Matrix Biol 2018; 78-79:284-291. [PMID: 29458140 PMCID: PMC6534160 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA, also known as hyaluronan), is a non-sulfated linear glycosaminoglycan polymer consisting of repeating disaccharide units of d-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine abundantly present in the extracellular matrix. The sizes of hyaluronic acid polymers range from 5000 to 20,000,000 Da in vivo, and the functions of HA are largely dictated by its size. Due to its high biocompatibility, HA has been commonly used as soft tissue filler as well as a major component of biomaterial scaffolds in tissue engineering. Several studies have implicated that HA may promote differentiation of adipose tissue derived stem cells in vitro or in vivo when used as a supporting scaffold. However, whether HA actually promotes adipogenesis in vivo and the subsequent metabolic effects of this process are unclear. This review summarizes some recent publications in the field and discusses the possible directions and approaches for future studies, focusing on the role of HA in the adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Yucel Akgul
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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23
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Kuljanin M, Brown CFC, Raleigh MJ, Lajoie GA, Flynn LE. Collagenase treatment enhances proteomic coverage of low-abundance proteins in decellularized matrix bioscaffolds. Biomaterials 2017; 144:130-143. [PMID: 28829951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is great interest in the application of advanced proteomic techniques to characterize decellularized tissues in order to develop a deeper understanding of the effects of the complex extracellular matrix (ECM) composition on the cellular response to these pro-regenerative bioscaffolds. However, the identification of proteins in ECM-derived bioscaffolds is hindered by the high abundance of collagen in the samples, which can interfere with the detection of lower-abundance constituents that may be important regulators of cell function. To address this limitation, we developed a novel multi-enzyme digestion approach using treatment with a highly-purified collagenase derived from Clostridium Histolyticum to selectively deplete collagen from ECM-derived protein extracts, reducing its relative abundance from up to 90% to below 10%. Moreover, we applied this new method to characterize the proteome of human decellularized adipose tissue (DAT), human decellularized cancellous bone (DCB), and commercially-available bovine tendon collagen (BTC). We successfully demonstrated with all three sources that collagenase treatment increased the depth of detection and enabled the identification of a variety of signaling proteins that were masked by collagen in standard digestion protocols with trypsin/LysC, increasing the number of proteins identified in the DAT by ∼2.2 fold, the DCB by ∼1.3 fold, and the BTC by ∼1.6 fold. In addition, quantitative proteomics using label-free quantification demonstrated that the DAT and DCB extracts were compositionally distinct, and identified a number of adipogenic and osteogenic proteins that were consistently more highly expressed in the DAT and DCB respectively. Overall, we have developed a new processing method that may be applied in advanced mass spectrometry studies to improve the high-throughput proteomic characterization of bioscaffolds derived from mammalian tissues. Further, our study provides new insight into the complex ECM composition of two human decellularized tissues of interest as cell-instructive platforms for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljan Kuljanin
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Cody F C Brown
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Matthew J Raleigh
- Undergraduate Medical Education, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Gilles A Lajoie
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Lauren E Flynn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Thompson Engineering Building, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
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24
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Carbone LD, Bůžková P, Fink HA, Robbins JA, Bethel M, Hamrick MW, Hill WD. Association of Plasma SDF-1 with Bone Mineral Density, Body Composition, and Hip Fractures in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 100:599-608. [PMID: 28246930 PMCID: PMC5649737 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with an increase in circulating inflammatory factors. One, the cytokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12), is critical to stem cell mobilization, migration, and homing as well as to bone marrow stem cell (BMSC), osteoblast, and osteoclast function. SDF-1 has pleiotropic roles in bone formation and BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts/osteocytes, and in osteoprogenitor cell survival. The objective of this study was to examine the association of plasma SDF-1 in participants in the cardiovascular health study (CHS) with bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and incident hip fractures. In 1536 CHS participants, SDF-1 plasma levels were significantly associated with increasing age (p < 0.01) and male gender (p = 0.04), but not with race (p = 0.63). In multivariable-adjusted models, higher SDF-1 levels were associated with lower total hip BMD (p = 0.02). However, there was no significant association of SDF-1 with hip fractures (p = 0.53). In summary, circulating plasma levels of SDF-1 are associated with increasing age and independently associated with lower total hip BMD in both men and women. These findings suggest that SDF-1 levels are linked to bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Carbone
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Petra Bůžková
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Howard A Fink
- Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John A Robbins
- Department of Medicine, University of California - Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Monique Bethel
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mark W Hamrick
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Sanders Research Building, CB1119 1459 Laney-Walker Blvd., Augusta, Georgia, 30912-2000, USA
| | - William D Hill
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (formerly Georgia Regents University and Georgia Health Sciences University), Sanders Research Building, CB1119 1459 Laney-Walker Blvd., Augusta, Georgia, 30912-2000, USA.
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25
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Ribeiro SMTL, Lopes LR, Paula Costa GD, Figueiredo VP, Shrestha D, Batista AP, Nicolato RLDC, Oliveira FLPD, Gomes JAS, Talvani A. CXCL-16, IL-17, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) are associated with overweight and obesity conditions in middle-aged and elderly women. Immun Ageing 2017; 14:6. [PMID: 28293269 PMCID: PMC5346187 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current concept of overweight/obesity is most likely related to a combination of increased caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure. Widespread inflammation, associated with both conditions, appears to contribute to the development of some obesity-related comorbidities. Interventions that directly or indirectly target individuals at high risk of developing obesity have been largely proposed because of the increasing number of overweight/obese cases worldwide. The aim of the present study was to assess CXCL16, IL-17, and BMP-2 plasma factors in middle-aged and elderly women and relate them to an overweight or obese status. In total, 117 women were selected and grouped as eutrophic, overweight, and obese, according to anthropometric parameters. Analyses of anthropometric and circulating biochemical parameters were followed by plasma immunoassays for CXCL-16, IL-17, and BMP-2. RESULTS Plasma mediators increased in all overweight and obese individuals, with the exception of BMP-2 in the elderly group, whereas CXCL16 levels were shown to differentiate overweight and obese individuals. Overweight and/or obese middle-aged and elderly individuals presented with high LDL, triglycerides, and glycemia levels. Anthropometric parameters indicating increased-cardiovascular risk were positively correlated with CXCL-16, BMP-2, and IL-17 levels in overweight and obese middle-aged and elderly individuals. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that CXCL-16, IL-17, and BMP-2 are potential plasma indicators of inflammatory status in middle-aged and elderly women; therefore, further investigation of obesity-related comorbidities is recommended. CXCL16, in particular, could be a potential marker for middle-aged and elderly individuals transitioning from eutrophic to overweight body types, which represents an asymptomatic and dangerous condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Mara Turbino Luz Ribeiro
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Laís Roquete Lopes
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Vivian Paulino Figueiredo
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Deena Shrestha
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Aline Priscila Batista
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Luiz Pereira de Oliveira
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | | | - Andre Talvani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Post-graduation in Ecology of Tropical Biomas, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
- Laboratory of the Immunobiology of Inflammation, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais Brazil
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26
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Microparticles derived from obese adipose tissue elicit a pro-inflammatory phenotype of CD16 + , CCR5 + and TLR8 + monocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:139-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Ayuso M, Fernández A, Núñez Y, Benítez R, Isabel B, Fernández AI, Rey AI, González-Bulnes A, Medrano JF, Cánovas Á, López-Bote CJ, Óvilo C. Developmental Stage, Muscle and Genetic Type Modify Muscle Transcriptome in Pigs: Effects on Gene Expression and Regulatory Factors Involved in Growth and Metabolism. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167858. [PMID: 27936208 PMCID: PMC5148031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Iberian pig production includes purebred (IB) and Duroc-crossbred (IBxDU) pigs, which show important differences in growth, fattening and tissue composition. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of genetic type and muscle (Longissimus dorsi (LD) vs Biceps femoris (BF)) on gene expression and transcriptional regulation at two developmental stages. Nine IB and 10 IBxDU piglets were slaughtered at birth, and seven IB and 10 IBxDU at four months of age (growing period). Carcass traits and LD intramuscular fat (IMF) content were measured. Muscle transcriptome was analyzed on LD samples with RNA-Seq technology. Carcasses were smaller in IB than in IBxDU neonates (p < 0.001), while growing IB pigs showed greater IMF content (p < 0.05). Gene expression was affected (p < 0.01 and Fold change > 1.5) by the developmental stage (5,812 genes), muscle type (135 genes), and genetic type (261 genes at birth and 113 at growth). Newborns transcriptome reflected a highly proliferative developmental stage, while older pigs showed upregulation of catabolic and muscle functioning processes. Regarding the genetic type effect, IBxDU newborns showed enrichment of gene pathways involved in muscle growth, in agreement with the higher prenatal growth observed in these pigs. However, IB growing pigs showed enrichment of pathways involved in protein deposition and cellular growth, supporting the compensatory gain experienced by IB pigs during this period. Moreover, newborn and growing IB pigs showed more active glucose and lipid metabolism than IBxDU pigs. Moreover, LD muscle seems to have more active muscular and cell growth, while BF points towards lipid metabolism and fat deposition. Several regulators controlling transcriptome changes in both genotypes were identified across muscles and ages (SIM1, PVALB, MEFs, TCF7L2 or FOXO1), being strong candidate genes to drive expression and thus, phenotypic differences between IB and IBxDU pigs. Many of the identified regulators were known to be involved in muscle and adipose tissues development, but others not previously associated with pig muscle growth were also identified, as PVALB, KLF1 or IRF2. The present study discloses potential molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic differences observed between IB and IBxDU pigs and highlights candidate genes implicated in these molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ayuso
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yolanda Núñez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Benítez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana I. Rey
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan F. Medrano
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ángela Cánovas
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Clemente J. López-Bote
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Óvilo
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Yasunaga S, Domen M, Nishi K, Kadota A, Sugahara T. Nobiletin suppresses monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression by regulating MAPK signaling in 3T3-L1 cells. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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29
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Systems view of adipogenesis via novel omics-driven and tissue-specific activity scoring of network functional modules. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28851. [PMID: 27385551 PMCID: PMC4935943 DOI: 10.1038/srep28851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of the complex processes involved in cellular differentiation must be based on unbiased, high throughput data processing methods to identify relevant biological pathways. A number of bioinformatics tools are available that can generate lists of pathways ranked by statistical significance (i.e. by p-value), while ideally it would be desirable to functionally score the pathways relative to each other or to other interacting parts of the system or process. We describe a new computational method (Network Activity Score Finder - NASFinder) to identify tissue-specific, omics-determined sub-networks and the connections with their upstream regulator receptors to obtain a systems view of the differentiation of human adipocytes. Adipogenesis of human SBGS pre-adipocyte cells in vitro was monitored with a transcriptomic data set comprising six time points (0, 6, 48, 96, 192, 384 hours). To elucidate the mechanisms of adipogenesis, NASFinder was used to perform time-point analysis by comparing each time point against the control (0 h) and time-lapse analysis by comparing each time point with the previous one. NASFinder identified the coordinated activity of seemingly unrelated processes between each comparison, providing the first systems view of adipogenesis in culture. NASFinder has been implemented into a web-based, freely available resource associated with novel, easy to read visualization of omics data sets and network modules.
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30
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Ignacio RMC, Gibbs CR, Lee ES, Son DS. Differential Chemokine Signature between Human Preadipocytes and Adipocytes. Immune Netw 2016; 16:189-94. [PMID: 27340388 PMCID: PMC4917403 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.3.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized as an accumulation of adipose tissue mass represented by chronic, low-grade inflammation. Obesity-derived inflammation involves chemokines as important regulators contributing to the pathophysiology of obesity-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and some cancers. The obesity-driven chemokine network is poorly understood. Here, we identified the profiles of chemokine signature between human preadipocytes and adipocytes, using PCR arrays and qRT-PCR. Both preadipocytes and adipocytes showed absent or low levels in chemokine receptors in spite of some changes. On the other hand, the chemokine levels of CCL2, CCL7-8, CCL11, CXCL1-3, CXCL6 and CXCL10-11 were dominantly expressed in preadipocytes compared to adipocytes. Interestingly, CXCL14 was the most dominant chemokine expressed in adipocytes compared to preadipocytes. Moreover, there is significantly higher protein level of CXCL14 in conditioned media from adipocytes. In addition, we analyzed the data of the chemokine signatures in adipocytes obtained from healthy lean and obese postmenopausal women based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Adipocytes from obese individuals had significantly higher levels in chemokine signature as follows: CCL2, CCL13, CCL18-19, CCL23, CCL26, CXCL1, CXCL3 and CXCL14, as compared to those from lean ones. Also, among the chemokine networks, CXCL14 appeared to be the highest levels in adipocytes from both lean and obese women. Taken together, these results identify CXCL14 as an important chemokine induced during adipogenesis, requiring further research elucidating its potential therapeutic benefits in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Mistica C Ignacio
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, USA
| | - Carla R Gibbs
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, USA
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, USA
| | - Deok-Soo Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208, USA
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31
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Insulin resistance is associated with altered amino acid metabolism and adipose tissue dysfunction in normoglycemic women. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24540. [PMID: 27080554 PMCID: PMC4832240 DOI: 10.1038/srep24540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is associated adiposity, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to identify early metabolic alterations associated with insulin resistance in normoglycemic women with varying degree of adiposity. One-hundred and ten young and middle-aged women were divided into low and high IR groups based on their median HOMA-IR (0.9 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 1.2). Body composition was assessed using DXA, skeletal muscle and liver fat by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, serum metabolites by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and adipose tissue and skeletal muscle gene expression by microarrays. High HOMA-IR subjects had higher serum branched-chain amino acid concentrations (BCAA) (p < 0.05 for both). Gene expression analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue revealed significant down-regulation of genes related to BCAA catabolism and mitochondrial energy metabolism and up-regulation of several inflammation-related pathways in high HOMA-IR subjects (p < 0.05 for all), but no differentially expressed genes in skeletal muscle were found. In conclusion, in normoglycemic women insulin resistance was associated with increased serum BCAA concentrations, down-regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism and increased expression of inflammation-related genes in the adipose tissue.
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32
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Zambonelli P, Gaffo E, Zappaterra M, Bortoluzzi S, Davoli R. Transcriptional profiling of subcutaneous adipose tissue in Italian Large White pigs divergent for backfat thickness. Anim Genet 2016; 47:306-23. [PMID: 26931818 DOI: 10.1111/age.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fat deposition is a widely studied trait in pigs because of its implications with animal growth efficiency, technological and nutritional characteristics of meat products, but the global framework of the biological and molecular processes regulating fat deposition in pigs is still incomplete. This study describes the backfat tissue transcription profile in Italian Large White pigs and reports genes differentially expressed between fat and lean animals according to RNA-seq data. The backfat transcription profile was characterised by the expression of 23 483 genes, of which 54.1% were represented by known genes. Of 63 418 expressed transcripts, about 80% were non-previously annotated isoforms. By comparing the expression level of fat vs. lean pigs, we detected 86 robust differentially expressed transcripts, 72 more highly expressed (e.g. ACP5, BCL2A1, CCR1, CD163, CD1A, EGR2, ENPP1, GPNMB, INHBB, LYZ, MSR1, OLR1, PIK3AP1, PLIN2, SPP1, SLC11A1, STC1) and 14 lower expressed (e.g. ADSSL1, CDO1, DNAJB1, HSPA1A, HSPA1B, HSPA2, HSPB8, IGFBP5, OLFML3) in fat pigs. The main functional categories enriched in differentially expressed genes were immune system process, response to stimulus, cell activation and skeletal system development, for the overexpressed genes, and unfolded protein binding and stress response, for the underexpressed genes, which included five heat shock proteins. Adipose tissue alterations and impaired stress response are linked to inflammation and, in turn, to adipose tissue secretory activity, similar to what is observed in human obesity. Our results provide the opportunity to identify biomarkers of carcass fat traits to improve the pig production chain and to identify genetic factors that regulate the observed differential expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zambonelli
- Department of Agricultural and-Food Sciences (DISTAL), Bologna University, Via Fratelli Rosselli 107, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - E Gaffo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - M Zappaterra
- Department of Agricultural and-Food Sciences (DISTAL), Bologna University, Via Fratelli Rosselli 107, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - S Bortoluzzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - R Davoli
- Department of Agricultural and-Food Sciences (DISTAL), Bologna University, Via Fratelli Rosselli 107, 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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33
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Laurent V, Guérard A, Mazerolles C, Le Gonidec S, Toulet A, Nieto L, Zaidi F, Majed B, Garandeau D, Socrier Y, Golzio M, Cadoudal T, Chaoui K, Dray C, Monsarrat B, Schiltz O, Wang YY, Couderc B, Valet P, Malavaud B, Muller C. Periprostatic adipocytes act as a driving force for prostate cancer progression in obesity. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10230. [PMID: 26756352 PMCID: PMC4729927 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity favours the occurrence of locally disseminated prostate cancer in the periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) surrounding the prostate gland. Here we show that adipocytes from PPAT support the directed migration of prostate cancer cells and that this event is strongly promoted by obesity. This process is dependent on the secretion of the chemokine CCL7 by adipocytes, which diffuses from PPAT to the peripheral zone of the prostate, stimulating the migration of CCR3 expressing tumour cells. In obesity, higher secretion of CCL7 by adipocytes facilitates extraprostatic extension. The observed increase in migration associated with obesity is totally abrogated when the CCR3/CCL7 axis is inhibited. In human prostate cancer tumours, expression of the CCR3 receptor is associated with the occurrence of aggressive disease with extended local dissemination and a higher risk of biochemical recurrence, highlighting the potential benefit of CCR3 antagonists in the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Laurent
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Adrien Guérard
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Catherine Mazerolles
- Département d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse cedex 9 31059, France
| | - Sophie Le Gonidec
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Tissu Adipeux, Obésité et Diabète”, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1048, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Aurélie Toulet
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Falek Zaidi
- Département d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse cedex 9 31059, France
| | - Bilal Majed
- Centre Hospitalier de la Région de Saint-Omer (CHRSO), Route de Blendecques, BP 60357, Saint-Omer Cedex 62505, France
| | - David Garandeau
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Youri Socrier
- Département d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse cedex 9 31059, France
| | - Muriel Golzio
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Thomas Cadoudal
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Tissu Adipeux, Obésité et Diabète”, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1048, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Karima Chaoui
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Cedric Dray
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Tissu Adipeux, Obésité et Diabète”, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1048, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Bernard Monsarrat
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Odile Schiltz
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Yuan Yuan Wang
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
| | - Bettina Couderc
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Tumeur et Environnement”, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse Cedex 1 F-31037, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Tissu Adipeux, Obésité et Diabète”, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1048, Toulouse F-31432, France
| | - Bernard Malavaud
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département d'Urologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse cedex 9 31059, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse F-31077, France
- Département “Biologie du Cancer” et “Biologie Structurale et Biophysique”, CNRS; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse F-31077, France
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Ayuso M, Fernández A, Núñez Y, Benítez R, Isabel B, Barragán C, Fernández AI, Rey AI, Medrano JF, Cánovas Á, González-Bulnes A, López-Bote C, Ovilo C. Comparative Analysis of Muscle Transcriptome between Pig Genotypes Identifies Genes and Regulatory Mechanisms Associated to Growth, Fatness and Metabolism. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145162. [PMID: 26695515 PMCID: PMC4687939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Iberian ham production includes both purebred (IB) and Duroc-crossbred (IBxDU) Iberian pigs, which show important differences in meat quality and production traits, such as muscle growth and fatness. This experiment was conducted to investigate gene expression differences, transcriptional regulation and genetic polymorphisms that could be associated with the observed phenotypic differences between IB and IBxDU pigs. Nine IB and 10 IBxDU pigs were slaughtered at birth. Morphometric measures and blood samples were obtained and samples from Biceps femoris muscle were employed for compositional and transcriptome analysis by RNA-Seq technology. Phenotypic differences were evident at this early age, including greater body size and weight in IBxDU and greater Biceps femoris intramuscular fat and plasma cholesterol content in IB newborns. We detected 149 differentially expressed genes between IB and IBxDU neonates (p < 0.01 and Fold-Change > 1. 5). Several were related to adipose and muscle tissues development (DLK1, FGF21 or UBC). The functional interpretation of the transcriptomic differences revealed enrichment of functions and pathways related to lipid metabolism in IB and to cellular and muscle growth in IBxDU pigs. Protein catabolism, cholesterol biosynthesis and immune system were functions enriched in both genotypes. We identified transcription factors potentially affecting the observed gene expression differences. Some of them have known functions on adipogenesis (CEBPA, EGRs), lipid metabolism (PPARGC1B) and myogenesis (FOXOs, MEF2D, MYOD1), which suggest a key role in the meat quality differences existing between IB and IBxDU hams. We also identified several polymorphisms showing differential segregation between IB and IBxDU pigs. Among them, non-synonymous variants were detected in several transcription factors as PPARGC1B and TRIM63 genes, which could be associated to altered gene function. Taken together, these results provide information about candidate genes, metabolic pathways and genetic polymorphisms potentially involved in phenotypic differences between IB and IBxDU pigs associated to meat quality and production traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ayuso
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yolanda Núñez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Benítez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Isabel Rey
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F. Medrano
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Ángela Cánovas
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | | | - Clemente López-Bote
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Ovilo
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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35
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Joseph R, Poschmann J, Sukarieh R, Too PG, Julien SG, Xu F, Teh AL, Holbrook JD, Ng KL, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Prabhakar S, Stünkel W. ACSL1 Is Associated With Fetal Programming of Insulin Sensitivity and Cellular Lipid Content. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:909-20. [PMID: 25915184 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals who are born small for gestational age (SGA) have a risk to develop various metabolic diseases during their life course. The biological memory of the prenatal state of growth restricted individuals may be reflected in epigenetic alterations in stem cell populations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord tissue are multipotent, and we generated primary umbilical cord MSC isolates from SGA and normal neonates, which were subsequently differentiated into adipocytes. We established chromatin state maps for histone marks H3K27 acetylation and H3K27 trimethylation and tested whether enrichment of these marks was associated with gene expression changes. After validating gene expression levels for 10 significant chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing candidate genes, we selected acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1 (ACSL1) for further investigations due to its key roles in lipid metabolism. The ACSL1 gene was found to be highly associated with histone acetylation in adipocytes differentiated from MSCs with SGA background. In SGA-derived adipocytes, the ACSL1 expression level was also found to be associated with increased lipid loading as well as higher insulin sensitivity. ACSL1 depletion led to changes in expression of candidate genes such as proinflammatory chemokines and down-regulated both, the amount of cellular lipids and glucose uptake. Increased ACSL1, as well as modulated downstream candidate gene expression, may reflect the obese state, as detected in mice fed a high-fat diet. In summary, we believe that ACSL1 is a programmable mediator of insulin sensitivity and cellular lipid content and adipocytes differentiated from Wharton's jelly MSCs recapitulate important physiological characteristics of SGA individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Joseph
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jeremie Poschmann
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Rami Sukarieh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peh Gek Too
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sofi G Julien
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Feng Xu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ai Ling Teh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Joanna D Holbrook
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kai Lyn Ng
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shyam Prabhakar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Walter Stünkel
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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36
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Jöhrer K, Ploner C, Thangavadivel S, Wuggenig P, Greil R. Adipocyte-derived players in hematologic tumors: useful novel targets? Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 15:61-77. [PMID: 25308972 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.970632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipocytes and their products play essential roles in tumor establishment and progression. As the main cellular component of the bone marrow, adipocytes may contribute to the development of hematologic tumors. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes experimental data on adipocytes and their interaction with various cancer cells. Special focus is set on the interactions of bone marrow adipocytes and normal and transformed cells of the hematopoietic system such as myeloma and leukemia cells. Current in vitro and in vivo data are summarized and the potential of novel therapeutic targets is critically discussed. EXPERT OPINION Targeting lipid metabolism of cancer cells and adipocytes in combination with standard therapeutics might open novel therapeutic avenues in these cancer entities. Adipocyte-derived products such as free fatty acids and specific adipokines such as adiponectin may be vital anti-cancer targets in hematologic malignancies. However, available data on lipid metabolism is currently mostly referring to peripheral fat cell/cancer cell interactions and results need to be evaluated specifically for the bone marrow niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Jöhrer
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute , Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
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37
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Heinrichs D, Berres ML, Coeuru M, Knauel M, Nellen A, Fischer P, Philippeit C, Bucala R, Trautwein C, Wasmuth HE, Bernhagen J. Protective role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. FASEB J 2014; 28:5136-47. [PMID: 25122558 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-256776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MIF is an inflammatory cytokine but is hepatoprotective in models of hepatotoxin-induced liver fibrosis. Hepatic fibrosis can also develop from metabolic liver disease, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH). We investigated the role of MIF in high-fat or methionine- and choline-deficient diet mouse models of NASH. Mif(-/-) mice showed elevated liver triglyceride levels (WT, 53±14 mg/g liver; Mif(-/-), 103±7 mg/g liver; P<0.05) and a 2-3-fold increased expression of lipogenic genes. Increased fatty degeneration in the livers of Mif(-/-) mice was associated with increased hepatic inflammatory cells (1.6-fold increase in F4/80(+) macrophages) and proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., 2.3-fold increase in Tnf-α and 2-fold increase in Il-6 expression). However, inflammatory cells and cytokines were decreased by 50-90% in white adipose tissue (WAT) of Mif(-/-) mice. Subset analysis showed that macrophage phenotypes in livers of Mif(-/-) mice were skewed toward M2 (e.g., 1.7-fold and 2.5-fold increase in Arg1 and Il-13, respectively, and 2.5-fold decrease in iNos), whereas macrophages were generally reduced in WAT of these mice (70% reduction in mRNA expression of F4/80(+) macrophages). The protective MIF effect was scrutinized in isolated hepatocytes. MIF reversed inflammation-induced triglyceride accumulation in Hepa1-6 cells and primary hepatocytes and also attenuated oleic acid-elicited triglyceride increase in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Protection from fatty hepatocyte degeneration was paralleled by a 2- to 3-fold reduction by MIF of hepatocyte proinflammatory cytokine production. Blockade of MIF receptor cluster of differentiation 74 (CD74) but not of CXCR2 or CXCR4 fully reverted the protective effect of MIF, comparable to AMPK inhibition. In summary, we demonstrate that MIF mediates hepatoprotection through the CD74/AMPK pathway in hepatocytes in metabolic models of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heinrichs
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology and Department of Internal Medicine III, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
| | - Marie-Luise Berres
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
| | - Melanie Coeuru
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology and
| | - Meike Knauel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology and
| | - Andreas Nellen
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
| | - Petra Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
| | | | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
| | - Hermann E Wasmuth
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; and
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