1
|
Netsrithong R, Garcia-Perez L, Themeli M. Engineered T cells from induced pluripotent stem cells: from research towards clinical implementation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1325209. [PMID: 38283344 PMCID: PMC10811463 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1325209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived T (iT) cells represent a groundbreaking frontier in adoptive cell therapies with engineered T cells, poised to overcome pivotal limitations associated with conventional manufacturing methods. iPSCs offer an off-the-shelf source of therapeutic T cells with the potential for infinite expansion and straightforward genetic manipulation to ensure hypo-immunogenicity and introduce specific therapeutic functions, such as antigen specificity through a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). Importantly, genetic engineering of iPSC offers the benefit of generating fully modified clonal lines that are amenable to rigorous safety assessments. Critical to harnessing the potential of iT cells is the development of a robust and clinically compatible production process. Current protocols for genetic engineering as well as differentiation protocols designed to mirror human hematopoiesis and T cell development, vary in efficiency and often contain non-compliant components, thereby rendering them unsuitable for clinical implementation. This comprehensive review centers on the remarkable progress made over the last decade in generating functional engineered T cells from iPSCs. Emphasis is placed on alignment with good manufacturing practice (GMP) standards, scalability, safety measures and quality controls, which constitute the fundamental prerequisites for clinical application. In conclusion, the focus on iPSC as a source promises standardized, scalable, clinically relevant, and potentially safer production of engineered T cells. This groundbreaking approach holds the potential to extend hope to a broader spectrum of patients and diseases, leading in a new era in adoptive T cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratchapong Netsrithong
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura Garcia-Perez
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maria Themeli
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ge C, Selvaganapathy PR, Geng F. Advancing our understanding of bioreactors for industrial-sized cell culture: health care and cellular agriculture implications. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C580-C591. [PMID: 37486066 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00408.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Bioreactors are advanced biomanufacturing tools that have been widely used to develop various applications in the fields of health care and cellular agriculture. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of bioreactors to enhance the efficiency and scalability of these technologies. In cell therapy, bioreactors have been used to expand and differentiate cells into specialized cell types that can be used for transplantation or tissue regeneration. In cultured meat production, bioreactors offer a controlled and efficient means of producing meat without the need for animal farming. Bioreactors can support the growth of muscle cells by providing the necessary conditions for cell proliferation, differentiation, and maturation, including the provision of oxygen and nutrients. This review article aims to provide an overview of the current state of bioreactor technology in both cell therapy and cultured meat production. It will examine the various bioreactor types and their applications in these fields, highlighting their advantages and limitations. In addition, it will explore the future prospects and challenges of bioreactor technology in these emerging fields. Overall, this review will provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners interested in using bioreactor technology to develop innovative solutions in the biomanufacturing of therapeutic cells and cultured meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ge
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Fei Geng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maas RGC, van den Dolder FW, Yuan Q, van der Velden J, Wu SM, Sluijter JPG, Buikema JW. Harnessing developmental cues for cardiomyocyte production. Development 2023; 150:dev201483. [PMID: 37560977 PMCID: PMC10445742 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Developmental research has attempted to untangle the exact signals that control heart growth and size, with knockout studies in mice identifying pivotal roles for Wnt and Hippo signaling during embryonic and fetal heart growth. Despite this improved understanding, no clinically relevant therapies are yet available to compensate for the loss of functional adult myocardium and the absence of mature cardiomyocyte renewal that underlies cardiomyopathies of multiple origins. It remains of great interest to understand which mechanisms are responsible for the decline in proliferation in adult hearts and to elucidate new strategies for the stimulation of cardiac regeneration. Multiple signaling pathways have been identified that regulate the proliferation of cardiomyocytes in the embryonic heart and appear to be upregulated in postnatal injured hearts. In this Review, we highlight the interaction of signaling pathways in heart development and discuss how this knowledge has been translated into current technologies for cardiomyocyte production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renee G. C. Maas
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Floor W. van den Dolder
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qianliang Yuan
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sean M. Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine,Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joost P. G. Sluijter
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan W. Buikema
- Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam Heart Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lam YY, Chan CH, Geng L, Wong N, Keung W, Cheung YF. APLNR marks a cardiac progenitor derived with human induced pluripotent stem cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18243. [PMID: 37539315 PMCID: PMC10395470 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes can be readily derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines, yet its efficacy varies across different batches of the same and different hiPSC lines. To unravel the inconsistencies of in vitro cardiac differentiation, we utilized single cell transcriptomics on hiPSCs undergoing cardiac differentiation and identified cardiac and extra-cardiac lineages throughout differentiation. We further identified APLNR as a surface marker for in vitro cardiac progenitors and immunomagnetically isolated them. Differentiation of isolated in vitro APLNR+ cardiac progenitors derived from multiple hiPSC lines resulted in predominantly cardiomyocytes accompanied with cardiac mesenchyme. Transcriptomic analysis of differentiating in vitro APLNR+ cardiac progenitors revealed transient expression of cardiac progenitor markers before further commitment into cardiomyocyte and cardiac mesenchyme. Analysis of in vivo human and mouse embryo single cell transcriptomic datasets have identified APLNR expression in early cardiac progenitors of multiple lineages. This platform enables generation of in vitro cardiac progenitors from multiple hiPSC lines without genetic manipulation, which has potential applications in studying cardiac development, disease modelling and cardiac regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Yu Lam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Ho Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Geng
- – Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, HKU-KI Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Nicodemus Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Wendy Keung
- – Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, HKU-KI Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiu-Fai Cheung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
- – Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, HKU-KI Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martins GLS, Nonaka CKV, Rossi EA, de Lima AVR, Adanho CSA, Oliveira MS, Yahouedehou SCMA, de Souza CLEM, Gonçalves MDS, Paredes BD, Souza BSDF. Evaluation of 2D and 3D Erythroid Differentiation Protocols Using Sickle Cell Disease and Healthy Donor Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081121. [PMID: 37190030 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a highly prevalent genetic disease caused by a point mutation in the HBB gene, which can lead to chronic hemolytic anemia and vaso-occlusive events. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold promise for the development of novel predictive methods for screening drugs with anti-sickling activity. In this study, we evaluated and compared the efficiency of 2D and 3D erythroid differentiation protocols using a healthy control and SCD-iPSCs. METHODS iPSCs were subjected to hematopoietic progenitor cell (HSPC) induction, erythroid progenitor cell induction, and terminal erythroid maturation. Differentiation efficiency was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis, colony-forming unit (CFU) assay, morphological analyses, and qPCR-based gene expression analyses of HBB and HBG2. RESULTS Both 2D and 3D differentiation protocols led to the induction of CD34+/CD43+ HSPCs. The 3D protocol showed good efficiency (>50%) and high productivity (45-fold) for HSPC induction and increased the frequency of BFU-E, CFU-E, CFU-GM, and CFU-GEMM colonies. We also produced CD71+/CD235a+ cells (>65%) with a 630-fold cell expansion relative to that at the beginning of the 3D protocol. After erythroid maturation, we observed 95% CD235a+/DRAQ5- enucleated cells, orthochromatic erythroblasts, and increased expression of fetal HBG2 compared to adult HBB. CONCLUSION A robust 3D protocol for erythroid differentiation was identified using SCD-iPSCs and comparative analyses; however, the maturation step remains challenging and requires further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Louise Soares Martins
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Carolina Kymie Vasques Nonaka
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Erik Aranha Rossi
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Adne Vitória Rocha de Lima
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Corynne Stephanie Ahouefa Adanho
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Moisés Santana Oliveira
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Diaz Paredes
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy (CBTC), São Rafael Hospital (HSR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Salvador 41253-190, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Im G, Kim Y, Lee TI, Bhang SH. Subaqueous free-standing 3D cell culture system for ultrafast cell compaction, mechano-inductive immune control, and improving therapeutic angiogenesis. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10438. [PMID: 36925707 PMCID: PMC10013761 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional 3D cell culture methods require a comprehensive complement in labor-intensive and time-consuming processes along with in vivo circumstantial mimicking. Here, we describe a subaqueous free-standing 3D cell culture (FS) device that can induce the omnidirectional environment and generate ultrafast human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) that efficiently aggregate with compaction using acoustic pressure. The cell culture conditions were optimized using the FS device and identified the underlying molecular mechanisms. Unique phenomena in cell aggregation have led to extraordinary cellular behavior that can upregulate cell compaction, mechanosensitive immune control, and therapeutic angiogenesis. Therefore, we designated the resulting cell aggregates as "pressuroid." Notably, external acoustic stimulation produced by the FS device affected the pressuroids. Furthermore, the pressuroids exhibited upregulation in mechanosensitive genes and proteins, PIEZO1/2. CyclinD1 and PCNA, which are strongly associated with cell adhesion and proliferation, were elevated by PIEZO1/2. In addition, we found that pressuroids significantly increase angiogenic paracrine factor secretion, promote cell adhesion molecule expression, and enhance M2 immune modulation of Thp1 cells. Altogether, we have concluded that our pressuroid would suggest a more effective therapy method for future cell therapy than the conventional one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwang‐Bum Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
- Present address:
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yu‐Jin Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
| | - Tae Il Lee
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringGachon UniversitySeongnamRepublic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Bhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Exciting Realities and Possibilities of iPS-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020237. [PMID: 36829731 PMCID: PMC9952364 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have become a prevalent topic after their discovery, advertised as an ethical alternative to embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Due to their ability to differentiate into several kinds of cells, including cardiomyocytes, researchers quickly realized the potential for differentiated cardiomyocytes to be used in the treatment of heart failure, a research area with few alternatives. This paper discusses the differentiation process for human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and the possible applications of said cells while answering some questions regarding ethical issues.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang J, Peng Y, Guo M, Li C. Large-Scale Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Stirred Suspension Bioreactor Enabled by Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9070274. [PMID: 35877325 PMCID: PMC9312327 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9070274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) hold great potential to generate novel and curative cell therapy products. However, the current large-scale cultivation of hUCMSCs is based on empirical geometry-dependent methods, limiting the generation of high-quantity and high-quality hUCMSCs for clinical therapy. Herein, we develop a novel scale-up strategy based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to effectively expand the hUCMSCs in a 3D tank bioreactor. Using a standardized hUCMSCs line on microcarriers, we successfully translated and expanded the hUCMSCs from a 200 mL spinner flask to a 1.5 L computer-controlled bioreactor by matching the shear environment and suspending the microcarrier. Experimental results revealed that the batch-cultured hUCMSCs in bioreactors with an agitation speed of 40 rpm shared a more favorable growth and physiological state, similar to that run at 45 rpm in a 200 mL spinner flask, showing comparability in both culture systems. Notably, the maximum cell density reached up to 27.3 × 105 cells/mL in fed-batch culture, 2.9 folds of that of batch culture and 20.2 times of seeding cells. As such, efficient process optimization and scale-up expansion of hUCMSCs were achieved in the microcarrier-based bioreactor system by the developed CFD simulation strategy, which provided an alternative toolbox to generate massive and standardized curative cell therapy products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chao Li
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (C.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choy Buentello D, Koch LS, Trujillo-de Santiago G, Alvarez MM, Broersen K. Use of standard U-bottom and V-bottom well plates to generate neuroepithelial embryoid bodies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262062. [PMID: 35536781 PMCID: PMC9089918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of organoids has become increasingly popular recently due to their self-organizing abilities, which facilitate developmental and disease modeling. Various methods have been described to create embryoid bodies (EBs) generated from embryonic or pluripotent stem cells but with varying levels of differentiation success and producing organoids of variable size. Commercial ultra-low attachment (ULA) V-bottom well plates are frequently used to generate EBs. These plates are relatively expensive and not as widely available as standard concave well plates. Here, we describe a cost-effective and low labor-intensive method that creates homogeneous EBs at high yield in standard V- and U-bottom well plates by applying an anti-adherence solution to reduce surface attachment, followed by centrifugation to enhance cellular aggregation. We also explore the effect of different seeding densities, in the range of 1 to 11 ×103 cells per well, for the fabrication of neuroepithelial EBs. Our results show that the use of V-bottom well plates briefly treated with anti-adherent solution (for 5 min at room temperature) consistently yields functional neural EBs in the range of seeding densities from 5 to 11×103 cells per well. A brief post-seeding centrifugation step further enhances EB establishment. EBs fabricated using centrifugation exhibited lower variability in their final size than their non-centrifuged counterparts, and centrifugation also improved EB yield. The span of conditions for reliable EB production is narrower in U-bottom wells than in V-bottom wells (i.e., seeding densities between 7×103 and 11×103 and using a centrifugation step). We show that EBs generated by the protocols introduced here successfully developed into neural organoids and expressed the relevant markers associated with their lineages. We anticipate that the cost-effective and easily implemented protocols presented here will greatly facilitate the generation of EBs, thereby further democratizing the worldwide ability to conduct organoid-based research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Choy Buentello
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre Enschede, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Lena Sophie Koch
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre Enschede, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecatrónica y Eléctrica, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
| | - Mario Moisés Alvarez
- Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
- Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, México
- * E-mail: (MMA); (KB)
| | - Kerensa Broersen
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre Enschede, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (MMA); (KB)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Iberite F, Gruppioni E, Ricotti L. Skeletal muscle differentiation of human iPSCs meets bioengineering strategies: perspectives and challenges. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:23. [PMID: 35393412 PMCID: PMC8991236 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00216-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although skeletal muscle repairs itself following small injuries, genetic diseases or severe damages may hamper its ability to do so. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can generate myogenic progenitors, but their use in combination with bioengineering strategies to modulate their phenotype has not been sufficiently investigated. This review highlights the potential of this combination aimed at pushing the boundaries of skeletal muscle tissue engineering. First, the overall organization and the key steps in the myogenic process occurring in vivo are described. Second, transgenic and non-transgenic approaches for the myogenic induction of human iPSCs are compared. Third, technologies to provide cells with biophysical stimuli, biomaterial cues, and biofabrication strategies are discussed in terms of recreating a biomimetic environment and thus helping to engineer a myogenic phenotype. The embryonic development process and the pro-myogenic role of the muscle-resident cell populations in co-cultures are also described, highlighting the possible clinical applications of iPSCs in the skeletal muscle tissue engineering field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Iberite
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy. .,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy.
| | - Emanuele Gruppioni
- Centro Protesi INAIL, Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro, 40054, Vigorso di Budrio (BO), Italy
| | - Leonardo Ricotti
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy.,Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127, Pisa (PI), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shafique S. Stem cell-based region-specific brain organoids: Novel models to understand neurodevelopmental defects. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:1003-1013. [PMID: 35332709 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The study of human brain development and neurodevelopmental defects has remained challenging so far due to unique, specific, and complex underlying processes. Recent advances in the technologies and protocols of in vitro human brain organoid development have led to immense possibilities of understanding these processes. Human brain organoids are stem-cell derived three-dimensional in vitro tissues that resemble the developing fetal brain. Major advances in stem cell techniques pioneering the development of in vitro human brain development include reprogramming human somatic cells into induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) followed by the targeted differentiation of iPSCs into the cells of three embryonic germ cell layers. The neural progenitor cells produced by the directed differentiation of iPSCs undergo some level of self-organization to generate in vitro human brain like tissue. A three-dimensional differentiation approach applied to create region-specific brain organoids has successfully led to develop highly specialized cortical, forebrain, pallium, and subpallium in vitro human brain organoid models. These stem cell-based brain organoids are novel models to study human brain development, neurodevelopmental defects, chemical toxicity testing, and drug repurposing screening. This review focuses on the fundamentals of brain organoid development and applications. The novel applications of using cortical organoids in understanding the mechanisms of Zika virus-induced microcephaly, congenital microcephaly, and lissencephaly are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Shafique
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
De Kinderen P, Meester J, Loeys B, Peeters S, Gouze E, Woods S, Mortier G, Verstraeten A. Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Chondrocytes: Methods and Applications for Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:397-410. [PMID: 35124831 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology allows pathomechanistic and therapeutic investigation of human heritable disorders affecting tissue types whose collection from patients is difficult or even impossible. Among them are cartilage diseases. Over the past decade, iPSC-chondrocyte disease models have been shown to exhibit several key aspects of known disease mechanisms. Concurrently, an increasing number of protocols to differentiate iPSCs into chondrocytes have been published, each with its respective (dis)advantages. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the different differentiation approaches, the hitherto described iPSC-chondrocyte disease models and mechanistic and/or therapeutic insights that have been derived from their investigation, and the current model limitations. Key lessons are that the most appropriate differentiation approach is dependent upon the cartilage disease under investigation and that further optimization is still required to recapitulate the in vivo cartilage. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline De Kinderen
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Josephina Meester
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart Loeys
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Silke Peeters
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elvire Gouze
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, Nice, France
| | - Steven Woods
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Geert Mortier
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aline Verstraeten
- Centre of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Centurione L, Centurione MA, Antonucci I, Sancilio S, Stati G, Stuppia L, Di Pietro R. Human amniotic fluid stem cells are able to form embryoid body-like aggregates which performs specific functions: morphological evidences. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 155:381-390. [PMID: 33219831 PMCID: PMC8021515 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01940-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Human second trimester Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells (hAFSCs) harbour the potential to differentiate into cells of each of the three germ layers and to form Embryoid Body (EB)-like aggregates, without inducing teratoma formation and with no ethical concerns. However, in spite of the number of reports on hAFSCs-EBs and their characterization, a thorough evaluation in light and electron microscopy of morphological and morphometric features of hAFSCs-EBs development in vitro has not been reported yet. Apart from a superficial layer of epithelial-like flat cells, displaying rare microvilli on the free surface, hAFSCs-EBs enclose inner material, abundant in vesicles and secretory granules, showing early characteristics of connective extracellular matrix dispersed among different types of inner cells. The observation of a number of microvesicles mainly represented by microparticles and, to a lower extent, by exosomes indicates the presence of a complex cellular communication system within this structure. According to morphological analysis, after 7 days of in vitro culture hAFSCs-EB appears as a well-organized corpuscle, sufficiently young to be a carrier of stemness and at the same time, when appropriately stimulated, able to differentiate. In fact, 7-day hAFSCs-EB represents itself an initial cellular transformation towards a specialized structure both in recording and in providing different stimuli from the surrounding environment, organizing structures and cells towards a differentiation fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Centurione
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Centurione
- StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, CNR, Unit of Chieti-Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ivana Antonucci
- StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Sancilio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.
- StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Gianmarco Stati
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
- StemTeCh Group, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gopal S, Rodrigues AL, Dordick JS. Exploiting CRISPR Cas9 in Three-Dimensional Stem Cell Cultures to Model Disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:692. [PMID: 32671050 PMCID: PMC7326781 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture methods have been widely used on a range of cell types, including stem cells to modulate precisely the cellular biophysical and biochemical microenvironment and control various cell signaling cues. As a result, more in vivo-like microenvironments are recapitulated, particularly through the formation of multicellular spheroids and organoids, which may yield more valid mechanisms of disease. Recently, genome-engineering tools such as CRISPR Cas9 have expanded the repertoire of techniques to control gene expression, which complements external signaling cues with intracellular control elements. As a result, the combination of CRISPR Cas9 and 3D cell culture methods enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning several disease phenotypes and may lead to developing new therapeutics that may advance more quickly and effectively into clinical candidates. In addition, using CRISPR Cas9 tools to rescue genes brings us one step closer to its use as a gene therapy tool for various degenerative diseases. Herein, we provide an overview of bridging of CRISPR Cas9 genome editing with 3D spheroid and organoid cell culture to better understand disease progression in both patient and non-patient derived cells, and we address potential remaining gaps that must be overcome to gain widespread use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Gopal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - André Lopes Rodrigues
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jonathan S. Dordick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ran P, Chen W, Wei J, Qiu B, Chen M, Xie S, Li X. Macrophage Spheroids with Chronological Phenotype Shifting To Promote Therapeutic Angiogenesis in Critical Limb Ischemia. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3707-3717. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Ran
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Weijia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Jiaojun Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Bo Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Maohua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Songzhi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sasano Y, Fukumoto K, Tsukamoto Y, Akagi T, Akashi M. Construction of 3D cardiac tissue with synchronous powerful beating using human cardiomyocytes from human iPS cells prepared by a convenient differentiation method. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 129:749-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
17
|
Ghorbani-Dalini S, Azarpira N, Sangtarash MH, Soleimanpour-Lichaei HR, Yaghobi R, Lorzadeh S, Sabet A, Sarshar M, Al-Abdullah IH. Optimization of activin-A: a breakthrough in differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell into definitive endoderm. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:215. [PMID: 32355589 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The first step in differentiation of pluripotent stem cell toward endoderm-derived cell/organ is differentiation to definitive endoderm (DE) which is the central issue in developmental biology. Based on several evidences, we hypothesized that activin-A optimization as well as replacement of fetal bovine serum (FBS) with knockout serum replacement (KSR) is important for differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line into DE. Therefore, a stepwise differentiation protocol was applied on R1-hiPSC1 cell line. At first, activin-A concentration (30, 50, 70 and 100 ng/ml) was optimized. Then, substitution of FBS with KSR was evaluated across four treatment groups. The amount of differentiation of iPSC toward DE was determined by quantitative gene expression analyses of pluripotency (NANOG and OCT4), definitive endoderm (SOX17 and FOXA2) and endoderm-derived organs (PDX1, NEUROG3, and PAX6). Based on gene expression analyses, the more decrease in concentrations of activin-A can increase the differentiation of iPSC into DE, therefore, 30 ng/ml activin-A was chosen as the best concentration for the differentiation of R1-hiPSC1 line toward endoderm-derived organ. Moreover, complete replacement of FBS with gradually increased KSR improved the differentiation of iPSC toward DE. For this reason, the addition of 0% KSR at day 1, 0.2% at day 2 and 2% for the next 3 days was the best optimal protocol of the differentiation of iPSC toward DE. Overall, our results demonstrate that optimization of activin-A is important for differentiation of iPSC line. Furthermore, the replacement of FBS with KSR can improve the efficiency of iPSC differentiation toward DE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Negar Azarpira
- 1Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Reza Soleimanpour-Lichaei
- 3Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- 1Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- 1Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alice Sabet
- 1Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Meysam Sarshar
- 4Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy
- 5Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail H Al-Abdullah
- 6Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang B, Yan L, Shamul JG, Hakun M, He X. Stem cell therapy of myocardial infarction: a promising opportunity in bioengineering. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020; 3:1900182. [PMID: 33665356 PMCID: PMC7928435 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening disease resulting from irreversible death of cardiomyocytes (CMs) and weakening of the heart blood-pumping function. Stem cell-based therapies have been studied for MI treatment over the last two decades with promising outcome. In this review, we critically summarize the past work in this field to elucidate the advantages and disadvantages of treating MI using pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) including both embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), adult stem cells, and cardiac progenitor cells. The main advantage of the latter is their cytokine production capability to modulate immune responses and control the progression of healing. However, human adult stem cells have very limited (if not 'no') capacity to differentiate into functional CMs in vitro or in vivo. In contrast, PSCs can be differentiated into functional CMs although the protocols for the cardiac differentiation of PSCs are mainly for adherent cells under 2D culture. Derivation of PSC-CMs in 3D, allowing for large-scale production of CMs via modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway with defined chemicals and medium, may be desired for clinical translation. Furthermore, the technology of purification and maturation of the PSC-CMs may need further improvements to eliminate teratoma formation after in vivo implantation of the PSC-CMs for treating MI. In addition, in vitro derived PSC-CMs may have mechanical and electrical mismatch with the patient's cardiac tissue, which causes arrhythmia. This supports the use of PSC-derived cells committed to cardiac lineage without beating for implantation to treat MI. In this case, the PSC derived cells may utilize the mechanical, electrical, and chemical cues in the heart to further differentiate into mature/functional CMs in situ. Another major challenge facing stem cell therapy of MI is the low retention/survival of stem cells or their derivatives (e.g., PSC-CMs) in the heart for MI treatment after injection in vivo. This may be resolved by using biomaterials to engineer stem cells for reduced immunogenicity, immobilization of the cells in the heart, and increased integration with the host cardiac tissue. Biomaterials have also been applied in the derivation of CMs in vitro to increase the efficiency and maturation of differentiation. Collectively, a lot has been learned from the past failure of simply injecting intact stem cells or their derivatives in vivo for treating MI, and bioengineering stem cells with biomaterials is expected to be a valuable strategy for advancing stem cell therapy towards its widespread application for treating MI in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Li Yan
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - James G Shamul
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Maxwell Hakun
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Barzegari A, Gueguen V, Omidi Y, Ostadrahimi A, Nouri M, Pavon‐Djavid G. The role of Hippo signaling pathway and mechanotransduction in tuning embryoid body formation and differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5072-5083. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Barzegari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Virginie Gueguen
- INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Cardiovascular BioengineeringUniversité Paris 13 Paris France
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical NanotechnologyTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of PharmacyTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food SciencesTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Graciela Pavon‐Djavid
- INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Cardiovascular BioengineeringUniversité Paris 13 Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Blatchley MR, Gerecht S. Reconstructing the Vascular Developmental Milieu In Vitro. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:15-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
21
|
Yabe SG, Fukuda S, Nishida J, Takeda F, Nashiro K, Okochi H. Induction of functional islet-like cells from human iPS cells by suspension culture. Regen Ther 2019; 10:69-76. [PMID: 30623004 PMCID: PMC6317273 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To complement islet transplantation for type1 diabetic patients, cell-based therapy using pluripotent stem cells such as ES cells and iPS cells is promising. Many papers have already reported the induction of pancreatic β cells from these cell types, but a suspension culture system has not usually been employed. The aim of this study is to establish a suspension culture method for inducing functional islet-like cells from human iPS cells. Methods We used 30 ml spinner type culture vessels for human iPS cells throughout the differentiation process. Differentiated cells were analyzed by immunostaining and C-peptide secretion. Cell transplantation experiments were performed with STZ-induced diabetic NOD/SCID mice. Blood human C-peptide and glucagon levels were measured serially in mice, and grafts were analyzed histologically. Results We obtained spherical pancreatic beta-like cells from human iPS cells and detected verifiable amounts of C-peptide secretion in vitro. We demonstrated reversal of hyperglycemia in diabetic model mice after transplantation of these cells, maintaining non-fasting blood glucose levels along with the human glycemic set point. We confirmed the secretion of human insulin and glucagon dependent on the blood glucose level in vivo. Immunohistological analysis revealed that grafted cells became α, β and δ cells in vivo. Conclusions These results suggest that differentiated cells derived from human iPS cells grown in suspension culture mature and function like pancreatic islets in vivo. Functional islet-like cells were induced from human iPS cells by suspension culture. They ameliorated hyperglycemia in diabetic mice and secreted human insulin and glucagon. Grafted cells became α, β and δ cells in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeharu G Yabe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Satsuki Fukuda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Junko Nishida
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Fujie Takeda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Nashiro
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okochi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tsai CC, Hong YJ, Lee RJ, Cheng NC, Yu J. Enhancement of human adipose-derived stem cell spheroid differentiation in an in situ enzyme-crosslinked gelatin hydrogel. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1064-1075. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02835d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Standardized human adipose-derived stem cell spheroids can be harvested abundantly and the differentiation capability of cell spheroids performed well in the enzyme-crosslinked gelatin hydrogel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Cheng Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jun Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Randall J. Lee
- Department Medicine
- University of California San Francisco
- San Francisco
- USA
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery
- National Taiwan University Hospital
- Taipei City 10048
- Republic of China
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ayoubi S, Sheikh SP, Eskildsen TV. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular smooth muscle cells: differentiation and therapeutic potential. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1282-1293. [PMID: 28859296 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide and current treatment strategies have limited effect of disease progression. It would be desirable to have better models to study developmental and pathological processes and model vascular diseases in laboratory settings. To this end, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have generated great enthusiasm, and have been a driving force for development of novel strategies in drug discovery and regenerative cell-therapy for the last decade. Hence, investigating the mechanisms underlying the differentiation of hiPSCs into specialized cell types such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) may lead to a better understanding of developmental cardiovascular processes and potentiate progress of safe autologous regenerative therapies in pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the latest trends on differentiation protocols of hiPSC-derived VSMCs and their potential application in vascular research and regenerative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Ayoubi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowvej 21 3, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren P Sheikh
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowvej 21 3, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Tilde V Eskildsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winslowvej 21 3, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Evaluation of hollow fiber culture for large-scale production of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived hematopoietic stem cells. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:975-982. [PMID: 29502285 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to differentiate into all types of blood cells and can be transplanted to treat blood disorders. However, it is difficult to obtain HSCs in large quantities because of the shortage of donors. Recent efforts have focused on acquiring HSCs by differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. As a conventional differentiation method of pluripotent stem cells, the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs) is often employed. However, the size of EBs is limited by depletion of oxygen and nutrients, which prevents them from being efficient for the production of HSCs. In this study, we developed a large-scale hematopoietic differentiation approach for mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells by applying a hollow fiber (HF)/organoid culture method. Cylindrical organoids, which had the potential for further spontaneous differentiation, were established inside of hollow fibers. Using this method, we improved the proliferation rate of mouse ES cells to produce an increased HSC population and achieved around a 40-fold higher production volume of HSCs in HF culture than in conventional EB culture. Therefore, the HF/organoid culture method may be a new mass culture method to acquire pluripotent stem cell-derived HSCs.
Collapse
|
25
|
Correia C, Koshkin A, Duarte P, Hu D, Carido M, Sebastião MJ, Gomes-Alves P, Elliott DA, Domian IJ, Teixeira AP, Alves PM, Serra M. 3D aggregate culture improves metabolic maturation of human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:630-644. [PMID: 29178315 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cultures of human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) hold great promise for drug discovery, providing a better approximation to the in vivo physiology over standard two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures. However, the transition of CM differentiation protocols from 2D to 3D cultures is not straightforward. In this work, we relied on the aggregation of hPSC-derived cardiac progenitors and their culture under agitated conditions to generate highly pure cardiomyocyte aggregates. Whole-transcriptome analysis and 13 C-metabolic flux analysis allowed to demonstrate at both molecular and fluxome levels that such 3D culture environment enhances metabolic maturation of hiPSC-CMs. When compared to 2D, 3D cultures of hiPSC-CMs displayed down-regulation of genes involved in glycolysis and lipid biosynthesis and increased expression of genes involved in OXPHOS. Accordingly, 3D cultures of hiPSC-CMs had lower fluxes through glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis and increased TCA-cycle activity. Importantly, we demonstrated that the 3D culture environment reproducibly improved both CM purity and metabolic maturation across different hPSC lines, thereby providing a robust strategy to derive enriched hPSC-CMs with metabolic features closer to that of adult CMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Correia
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alexey Koshkin
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Duarte
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dongjian Hu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Madalena Carido
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria J Sebastião
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Gomes-Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - David A Elliott
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ibrahim J Domian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ana P Teixeira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula M Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Park S, Sung Y, Jeong J, Choi M, Lee J, Kwon W, Jang S, Park SJ, Kim JY, Kim SH, Yoon D, Ryoo ZY, Kim MO. Critical roles of hMAGEA2 in induced pluripotent stem cell pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation. Cell Biochem Funct 2017; 35:392-400. [PMID: 28895148 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are important for clinical application and stem cell research. Although human melanoma-associated antigen A2 (hMAGEA2) expression is known to affect differentiation in embryonic stem cells, its specific role in iPS cells remains unclear. To evaluate the function of hMAGEA2 and its characteristics in iPS cells, we produced hMAGEA2-overexpressing iPS cells from hMAGEA2-overexpressing transgenic mice. Although the iPS cells with overexpressed hMAGEA2 did not differ in morphology, their pluripotency, and self-renewal related genes (Nanog, Oct3/4, Sox2, and Stat3), expression level was significantly upregulated. Moreover, hMAGEA2 contributed to the promotion of cell cycle progression, thereby accelerating cell proliferation. Through embryoid body formation in vitro and teratoma formation in vivo, we demonstrated that hMAGEA2 critically decreases the differentiation ability of iPS cells. These data indicate that hMAGEA2 intensifies the self-renewal, pluripotency, and degree of proliferation of iPS cells, while significantly repressing their differentiation efficiency. Therefore, our findings prove that hMAGEA2 plays key roles in iPS cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Park
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Core Protein Resources Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghun Sung
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jain Jeong
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjee Choi
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Lee
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookbong Kwon
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Jang
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Jun Park
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Duhak Yoon
- The School of Animal BT Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Zae Young Ryoo
- School of Life Science, BK21 plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- The School of Animal BT Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Heo DN, Acquah N, Kim J, Lee SJ, Castro NJ, Zhang LG. Directly Induced Neural Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Using Three-Dimensional Culture System of Conductive Microwell with Electrical Stimulation. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 24:537-545. [PMID: 28741412 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into neural precursor cells which can be used for nerve regeneration. However, their inherently low neurogenic differentiation efficiency limits further clinical applications. This study was designed to promote neurogenic differentiation efficacy of ADSCs by integrating conductive hydrogel-based microwells with electrical stimulation (ES). We hypothesize that ADSCs will differentiate more efficiently into neural precursor cells when electrically stimulated in conductive hydrogel microwells. To make the conductive hydrogel-based microwell, polyethylene glycol (PEG) diacrylate aqueous solution mixed with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) was patterned with the polydimethylsiloxane mold and exposed to UV light to induce photo-cross-linking of the conductive hydrogel. After seeding the ADSCs in the microwells, the cells formed distinct cell spheres in PEG microwells and wide disks in the PEG/PEDOT:PSS microwells. Although the microwells yielded varying three-dimensional (3D) cell aggregate structure, cell viability was not affected. After neurogenic differentiation with ES, the ADSC aggregates in PEG/PEDOT:PSS microwells with ES expressed greater positive neuronal differentiation markers compared to nonstimulated PEG/PEDOT:PSS microwells. Although all neuronal gene expression levels were greater in PEG microwells with ES, the increased rates of gene expression levels between treated and untreated PEG/PEDOT:PSS microwells were much higher compared to PEG microwells. This would mean that electrically stimulating ADSC aggregates in conductive microwells is an effective method in increasing neurogenic differentiation. Therefore, we propose a most effective strategy taking advantage of a 3D conductive culture system which can be useful in a wide variety of electrical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Nyoung Heo
- 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Nana Acquah
- 2 College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Junghoon Kim
- 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Se-Jun Lee
- 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Nathan J Castro
- 3 Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- 1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia.,4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia.,5 Department of Medicine, The George Washington University , Washington, District of Columbia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sart S, Bejoy J, Li Y. Characterization of 3D pluripotent stem cell aggregates and the impact of their properties on bioprocessing. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
29
|
Leong WY, Soon CF, Wong SC, Tee KS, Cheong SC, Gan SH, Youseffi M. In Vitro Growth of Human Keratinocytes and Oral Cancer Cells into Microtissues: An Aerosol-Based Microencapsulation Technique. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:E43. [PMID: 28952522 PMCID: PMC5590479 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells encapsulation is a micro-technology widely applied in cell and tissue research, tissue transplantation, and regenerative medicine. In this paper, we proposed a growth of microtissue model for the human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell line and an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line (ORL-48) based on a simple aerosol microencapsulation technique. At an extrusion rate of 20 μL/min and air flow rate of 0.3 L/min programmed in the aerosol system, HaCaT and ORL-48 cells in alginate microcapsules were encapsulated in microcapsules with a diameter ranging from 200 to 300 μm. Both cell lines were successfully grown into microtissues in the microcapsules of alginate within 16 days of culture. The microtissues were characterized by using a live/dead cell viability assay, field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), fluorescence staining, and cell re-plating experiments. The microtissues of both cell types were viable after being extracted from the alginate membrane using alginate lyase. However, the microtissues of HaCaT and ORL-48 demonstrated differences in both nucleus size and morphology. The microtissues with re-associated cells in spheroids are potentially useful as a cell model for pharmacological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Yean Leong
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Chin Fhong Soon
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
- Biosensor and Bioengineering Laboratory, MiNT-SRC Research Center, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Soon Chuan Wong
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Kian Sek Tee
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Sok Ching Cheong
- Cancer Research Malaysia, 1, Jalan SS12/1A, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kota Bahru, Malaysia.
| | - Mansour Youseffi
- School of Engineering, Design and Technology, Medical Engineering, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chimenti I, Massai D, Morbiducci U, Beltrami AP, Pesce M, Messina E. Stem Cell Spheroids and Ex Vivo Niche Modeling: Rationalization and Scaling-Up. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2017; 10:150-166. [PMID: 28289983 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-017-9741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Improved protocols/devices for in vitro culture of 3D cell spheroids may provide essential cues for proper growth and differentiation of stem/progenitor cells (S/PCs) in their niche, allowing preservation of specific features, such as multi-lineage potential and paracrine activity. Several platforms have been employed to replicate these conditions and to generate S/PC spheroids for therapeutic applications. However, they incompletely reproduce the niche environment, with partial loss of its highly regulated network, with additional hurdles in the field of cardiac biology, due to debated resident S/PCs therapeutic potential and clinical translation. In this contribution, the essential niche conditions (metabolic, geometric, mechanical) that allow S/PCs maintenance/commitment will be discussed. In particular, we will focus on both existing bioreactor-based platforms for the culture of S/PC as spheroids, and on possible criteria for the scaling-up of niche-like spheroids, which could be envisaged as promising tools for personalized cardiac regenerative medicine, as well as for high-throughput drug screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Massai
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiac, Thoracic-, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Umberto Morbiducci
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Pesce
- Tissue Engineering Research Unit, "Centro Cardiologico Monzino", IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Messina
- Department of Pediatrics and Infant Neuropsychiatry, "Umberto I" Hospital, "La Sapienza" University, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Iyer NR, Wilems TS, Sakiyama-Elbert SE. Stem cells for spinal cord injury: Strategies to inform differentiation and transplantation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:245-259. [PMID: 27531038 PMCID: PMC5642909 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The complex pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI), involving a cascade of secondary events and the formation of inhibitory barriers, hampers regeneration across the lesion site and often results in irreversible loss of motor function. The limited regenerative capacity of endogenous cells after SCI has led to a focus on the development of cell therapies that can confer both neuroprotective and neuroregenerative benefits. Stem cells have emerged as a candidate cell source because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into a multitude of specialized cell types. While ethical and safety concerns impeded the use of stem cells in the past, advances in isolation and differentiation methods have largely mitigated these issues. A confluence of work in stem cell biology, genetics, and developmental neurobiology has informed the directed differentiation of specific spinal cell types. After transplantation, these stem cell-derived populations can replace lost cells, provide trophic support, remyelinate surviving axons, and form relay circuits that contribute to functional recovery. Further refinement of stem cell differentiation and transplantation methods, including combinatorial strategies that involve biomaterial scaffolds and drug delivery, is critical as stem cell-based treatments enter clinical trials. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 245-259. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha R Iyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton St., Stop C0800 BME 3.314, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Thomas S Wilems
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton St., Stop C0800 BME 3.314, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Shelly E Sakiyama-Elbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton St., Stop C0800 BME 3.314, Austin, Texas 78712
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Maldonado M, Ico G, Low K, Luu RJ, Nam J. Enhanced Lineage-Specific Differentiation Efficiency of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Engineering Colony Dimensionality Using Electrospun Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:1408-12. [PMID: 27187808 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun scaffolds with varied stiffness promote distinct colony morphology of human induced pluripotent stem cells, which affects their subsequent differentiation. On soft scaffolds, induced pluripotent stem cells develop 3D colonies due to the pliability of the electrospun fibrous networks, leading to greater differentiation tendency to ectodermal lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maricela Maldonado
- Department of Bioengineering University of California‐Riverside Materials Science & Engineering Building 331 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Gerardo Ico
- Department of Bioengineering University of California‐Riverside Materials Science & Engineering Building 331 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Karen Low
- Department of Bioengineering University of California‐Riverside Materials Science & Engineering Building 331 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Rebeccah J. Luu
- Department of Bioengineering University of California‐Riverside Materials Science & Engineering Building 331 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Jin Nam
- Department of Bioengineering University of California‐Riverside Materials Science & Engineering Building 331 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Uniform Embryoid Body Production and Enhanced Mesendoderm Differentiation with Murine Embryonic Stem Cells in a Rotary Suspension Bioreactor. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1502:63-75. [PMID: 27115505 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2016_354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are capable of differentiating into almost all cell types in vitro and hold great promise for drug screening, developmental studies and have a huge potential in many therapeutic areas. ESCs can aggregate to form embryoid body (EB) in static suspension culture by spontaneous differentiation, which resembles an intact embryo; while static suspension culture cannot prevent agglomeration of cells and offers little control over the size and shape of EBs, it results in aggregation of EBs into large, irregular masses, which prejudice the efficiency of differentiation of cells. Recently, bioreactor-based platforms have been shown to not only offer a beneficial effect on increasing diffusion of nutrients and oxygen which promotes cell viability and proliferation but also display local biomechanical properties (e.g., low fluid shear stresses and hydrodynamic force) in tissue development and organogenesis. This chapter describes a protocol for using a rotary suspension bioreactor to produce embryoid bodies and process the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), and to assess the efficiency of EB differentiation in the bioreactor by real-time PCR and immunostaining.
Collapse
|
34
|
Rungarunlert S, Ferreira JN, Dinnyes A. Novel Bioreactor Platform for Scalable Cardiomyogenic Differentiation from Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Embryoid Bodies. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1502:169-79. [PMID: 27044041 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2016_341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Generation of cardiomyocytes from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a common and valuable approach to produce large amount of cells for various applications, including assays and models for drug development, cell-based therapies, and tissue engineering. All these applications would benefit from a reliable bioreactor-based methodology to consistently generate homogenous PSC-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) at a large scale, which can further undergo cardiomyogenic differentiation. The goal of this chapter is to describe a scalable method to consistently generate large amount of homogeneous and synchronized EBs from PSCs. This method utilizes a slow-turning lateral vessel bioreactor to direct the EB formation and their subsequent cardiomyogenic lineage differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasitorn Rungarunlert
- Department of Preclinical and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Joao N Ferreira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 11 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119083, Singapore
| | - Andras Dinnyes
- BioTalentum Ltd., Aulich Lajos u. 26, Gödöllö, 2100, Hungary.,Molecular Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Szent Istvan University, Pater K. u. 1, Gödöllö, 2100, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ouyang L, Yao R, Mao S, Chen X, Na J, Sun W. Three-dimensional bioprinting of embryonic stem cells directs highly uniform embryoid body formation. Biofabrication 2015; 7:044101. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/7/4/044101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
36
|
Gomez JC, Edgar JM, Agbay AM, Bibault E, Montgomery A, Mohtaram NK, Willerth SM. Incorporation of Retinoic Acid Releasing Microspheres into Pluripotent Stem Cell Aggregates for Inducing Neuronal Differentiation. Cell Mol Bioeng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12195-015-0401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
37
|
Pettinato G, Wen X, Zhang N. Engineering Strategies for the Formation of Embryoid Bodies from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1595-609. [PMID: 25900308 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are powerful tools for regenerative therapy and studying human developmental biology, attributing to their ability to differentiate into many functional cell types in the body. The main challenge in realizing hPSC potential is to guide their differentiation in a well-controlled manner. One way to control the cell differentiation process is to recapitulate during in vitro culture the key events in embryogenesis to obtain the three developmental germ layers from which all cell types arise. To achieve this goal, many techniques have been tested to obtain a cellular cluster, an embryoid body (EB), from both mouse and hPSCs. Generation of EBs that are homogeneous in size and shape would allow directed hPSC differentiation into desired cell types in a more synchronous manner and define the roles of cell-cell interaction and spatial organization in lineage specification in a setting similar to in vivo embryonic development. However, previous success in uniform EB formation from mouse PSCs cannot be extrapolated to hPSCs possibly due to the destabilization of adherens junctions on cell surfaces during the dissociation into single cells, making hPSCs extremely vulnerable to cell death. Recently, new advances have emerged to form uniform human embryoid bodies (hEBs) from dissociated single cells of hPSCs. In this review, the existing methods for hEB production from hPSCs and the results on the downstream differentiation of the hEBs are described with emphases on the efficiency, homogeneity, scalability, and reproducibility of the hEB formation process and the yield in terminal differentiation. New trends in hEB production and directed differentiation are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Pettinato
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia.,2 Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia
| | - Xuejun Wen
- 2 Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia.,3 Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nembo EN, Atsamo AD, Nguelefack TB, Kamanyi A, Hescheler J, Nguemo F. In vitro chronotropic effects of Erythrina senegalensis DC (Fabaceae) aqueous extract on mouse heart slice and pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 165:163-172. [PMID: 25680843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Erythrina senegalensis DC (Fabaceae) bark is commonly used in sub-Saharan traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases including gastrointestinal disorders and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the effect of the aqueous extract of the stem bark of Erythrina senegalensis on the contractile properties of mouse ventricular slices and human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cell-derived cardiomyocytes. We also investigated the cytotoxic effect of the extract on mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells differentiating into cardiomyocytes (CMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS We used well-established electrophysiological technologies to assess the effect of Erythrina senegalensis aqueous extract (ESAE) on the beating activity of mouse ventricular slices, mouse ES and hiPS cell-derived CMs. To study the cytotoxic effect of our extract, differentiating mouse ES cells were exposed to different concentrations of ESAE. EB morphology was assessed by microscopy at different stages of differentiation whereas cell viability was measured by flow cytometry, fluorometry and immunocytochemistry. The electrical activity of CMs and heart slices were respectively captured by the patch clamp technique and microelectrode array (MEA) method following ESAE acute exposure. RESULTS Our findings revealed that ESAE exhibits a biphasic chronotropic activity on mouse ventricular slices with an initial low dose (0.001 and 0.01 µg/mL) decrease in beating activity followed by a corresponding significant increase in chronotropic activity at higher doses above 10 µg/mL. The muscarinic receptor blocker, atropine abolished the negative chronotropic activity of ESAE, while propranolol successfully blocked its positive chronotropic activity. ESAE showed a significant dose-dependent positive chronotropic activity on hiPS cell-derived CMs. Also, though not significantly, ESAE decreased cell viability and increased total caspase-3/7 activity of mouse ES cells in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Erythrina senegalensis aqueous extract exhibits a biphasic chronotropic effect on mouse heart and a positive chronotropic activity on hiPS cell-derived CMs, suggesting a possible mechanism through muscarinic and β-adrenergic receptor pathways. Also, ESAE is not cytotoxic on mouse ES cells at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Albert Donatien Atsamo
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Télesphore Benoît Nguelefack
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Albert Kamanyi
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Jürgen Hescheler
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Efficient large-scale generation of functional hepatocytes from mouse embryonic stem cells grown in a rotating bioreactor with exogenous growth factors and hormones. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 4:145. [PMID: 24294908 PMCID: PMC4054944 DOI: 10.1186/scrt356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Embryonic stem (ES) cells are considered a potentially advantageous source of hepatocytes for both transplantation and the development of bioartificial livers. However, the efficient large-scale generation of functional hepatocytes from ES cells remains a major challenge, especially for those methods compatible with clinical applications. Methods In this study, we investigated whether a large number of functional hepatocytes can be differentiated from mouse ES (mES) cells using a simulated microgravity bioreactor. mES cells were cultured in a rotating bioreactor in the presence of exogenous growth factors and hormones to form embryoid bodies (EBs), which then differentiated into hepatocytes. Results During the rotating culture, most of the EB-derived cells gradually showed the histologic characteristics of normal hepatocytes. More specifically, the expression of hepatic genes and proteins was detected at a higher level in the differentiated cells from the bioreactor culture than in cells from a static culture. On further growing, the EBs on tissue-culture plates, most of the EB-derived cells were found to display the morphologic features of hepatocytes, as well as albumin synthesis. In addition, the EB-derived cells grown in the rotating bioreactor exhibited higher levels of liver-specific functions, such as glycogen storage, cytochrome P450 activity, low-density lipoprotein, and indocyanine green uptake, than did differentiated cells grown in static culture. When the EB-derived cells from day-14 EBs and the cells’ culture supernatant were injected into nude mice, the transplanted cells were engrafted into the recipient livers. Conclusions Large quantities of high-quality hepatocytes can be generated from mES cells in a rotating bioreactor via EB formation. This system may be useful in the large-scale generation of hepatocytes for both cell transplantation and the development of bioartificial livers.
Collapse
|
40
|
Park IS, Kang JA, Kang J, Rhie JW, Kim SH. Therapeutic Effect of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Cluster in Rat Hind-Limb Ischemia. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2014; 297:2289-98. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- In-Su Park
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul Korea
| | - Jo A. Kang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Jungmi Kang
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Science and Technology; Seoul Korea
| | - Jong-Won Rhie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Science and Technology; Seoul Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Purwanti YI, Chen C, Lam DH, Wu C, Zeng J, Fan W, Wang S. Antitumor effects of CD40 ligand-expressing endothelial progenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells in a metastatic breast cancer model. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:923-35. [PMID: 24972599 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Given their intrinsic ability to home to tumor sites, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are attractive as cellular vehicles for targeted cancer gene therapy. However, collecting sufficient EPCs is one of the challenging issues critical for effective clinical translation of this new approach. In this study, we sought to explore whether human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells could be used as a reliable and accessible cell source to generate human EPCs suitable for cancer treatment. We used an embryoid body formation method to derive CD133(+)CD34(+) EPCs from human iPS cells. The generated EPCs expressed endothelial markers such as CD31, Flk1, and vascular endothelial-cadherin without expression of the CD45 hematopoietic marker. After intravenous injection, the iPS cell-derived EPCs migrated toward orthotopic and lung metastatic tumors in the mouse 4T1 breast cancer model but did not promote tumor growth and metastasis. To investigate their therapeutic potential, the EPCs were transduced with baculovirus encoding the potent T cell costimulatory molecule CD40 ligand. The systemic injection of the CD40 ligand-expressing EPCs stimulated the secretion of both tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ and increased the caspase 3/7 activity in the lungs with metastatic tumors, leading to prolonged survival of the tumor bearing mice. Therefore, our findings suggest that human iPS cell-derived EPCs have the potential to serve as tumor-targeted cellular vehicles for anticancer gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yovita Ida Purwanti
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore; Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore; Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dang Hoang Lam
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore; Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore; Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieming Zeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore; Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Fan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore; Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore; Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Molecular pathways governing development of vascular endothelial cells from ES/iPS cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 9:586-98. [PMID: 23765563 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-013-9450-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Assembly of complex vascular networks occurs in numerous biological systems through morphogenetic processes such as vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. Pluripotent stem cells such as embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can differentiate into any cell type, including endothelial cells (ECs), and have been extensively used as in vitro models to analyze molecular mechanisms underlying EC generation and differentiation. The emergence of these promising new approaches suggests that ECs could be used in clinical therapy. Much evidence suggests that ES/iPS cell differentiation into ECs in vitro mimics the in vivo vascular morphogenic process. Through sequential steps of maturation, ECs derived from ES/iPS cells can be further differentiated into arterial, venous, capillary and lymphatic ECs, as well as smooth muscle cells. Here, we review EC development from ES/iPS cells with special attention to molecular pathways functioning in EC specification.
Collapse
|
43
|
Teixeira GQ, Barrias CC, Lourenço AH, Gonçalves RM. A multicompartment holder for spinner flasks improves expansion and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2014; 20:984-93. [PMID: 24650268 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the tissue engineering field dynamic culture systems, such as spinner flasks, are widely used due to their ability to improve mass transfer in suspension cell cultures. However, this culture system is often unsuitable to culture cells in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. To address this drawback, we designed a multicompartment holder for 3D cell culture, easily adaptable to spinner flasks. Here, the device was tested with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded in 3D porous chitosan scaffolds that were maintained in spinner flasks under dynamic conditions (50 rpm). Standard static culture conditions were used as control. The dynamic conditions were shown to significantly increase MSCs proliferation over 1 week (approximately 6-fold) and to improve cell distribution within the scaffold. Moreover, they also promoted osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, inducing an earlier peak in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and a more homogenous ALP staining and matrix mineralization in the whole scaffolds, but particularly in the center. Overall, this study shows a new multicompartment holder to culture 3D scaffolds that can broaden the application of spinner flasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graciosa Q Teixeira
- 1 INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li Y, Liu M, Yang ST. Dendritic cells derived from pluripotent stem cells: Potential of large scale production. World J Stem Cells 2014; 6:1-10. [PMID: 24567783 PMCID: PMC3927009 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells, are promising sources for hematopoietic cells due to their unlimited growth capacity and the pluripotency. Dendritic cells (DCs), the unique immune cells in the hematopoietic system, can be loaded with tumor specific antigen and used as vaccine for cancer immunotherapy. While autologous DCs from peripheral blood are limited in cell number, hPSC-derived DCs provide a novel alternative cell source which has the potential for large scale production. This review summarizes recent advances in differentiating hPSCs to DCs through the intermediate stage of hematopoietic stem cells. Step-wise growth factor induction has been used to derive DCs from hPSCs either in suspension culture of embryoid bodies (EBs) or in co-culture with stromal cells. To fulfill the clinical potential of the DCs derived from hPSCs, the bioprocess needs to be scaled up to produce a large number of cells economically under tight quality control. This requires the development of novel bioreactor systems combining guided EB-based differentiation with engineered culture environment. Hence, recent progress in using bioreactors for hPSC lineage-specific differentiation is reviewed. In particular, the potential scale up strategies for the multistage DC differentiation and the effect of shear stress on hPSC differentiation in bioreactors are discussed in detail.
Collapse
|
45
|
Rungarunlert S, Klincumhom N, Tharasanit T, Techakumphu M, Pirity MK, Dinnyes A. Slow turning lateral vessel bioreactor improves embryoid body formation and cardiogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Cell Reprogram 2013; 15:443-58. [PMID: 24020697 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2012.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the ability to form aggregates, which are called embryoid bodies (EBs). EBs mimic early embryonic development and are commonly produced for cardiomyogenesis. Here, we describe a method of EB formation in hydrodynamic conditions using a slow-turning lateral vessel (STLV) bioreactor and the subsequent differentiation of EBs into cardiomyocytes. EBs formed in the STLV were compared with conventional techniques, such as hanging drop (HD) or static suspension cell culture (SSC), for homogeneity of EB size, shape, proliferation, apoptosis, and in vitro cardiac differentiation. After 3 days of culture, a four-fold improvement in the yield of EB formation/mL, a six-fold enhancement in total yield of EB/mL, and a nearly 10-fold reduction of cells that failed to incorporate into EBs were achieved in STLV versus SSC. During cardiac differentiation, a 1.5- to 4.2-fold increase in the area of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) per single EB in STLV versus SSC and HD was achieved. These results demonstrate that the STLV method improves the quality and quantity of ES cells to form EBs and enhances the efficiency of cardiac differentiation. We have demonstrated that the mechanical method of cell differentiation creates different microenvironments for the cells and thus influences their lineage commitments, even when genetic origin and the culture medium are the same. Ascorbic acid (ASC) improved further cardiac commitment in differentiation assays. Hence, this culture system is suitable for the production of large numbers of cells for clinical cell replacement therapies and industrial drug testing applications.
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu N, Zang R, Yang ST, Li Y. Stem cell engineering in bioreactors for large-scale bioprocessing. Eng Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - Ru Zang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering; FAMU-FSU College of Engineering; Florida State University; Tallahassee FL USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liu N, Ouyang A, Li Y, Yang ST. Three-dimensional neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells with ACM induction in microfibrous matrices in bioreactors. Biotechnol Prog 2013; 29:1013-22. [PMID: 23657995 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived neural cells requires an efficient differentiation process for mass production in a bioreactor. Toward this goal, neural differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in three-dimensional (3D) polyethylene terephthalate microfibrous matrices was investigated in this study. To streamline the process and provide a platform for process integration, the neural differentiation of ESCs was induced with astrocyte-conditioned medium without the formation of embryoid bodies, starting from undifferentiated ESC aggregates expanded in a suspension bioreactor. The 3D neural differentiation was able to generate a complex neural network in the matrices. When compared to 2D differentiation, 3D differentiation in microfibrous matrices resulted in a higher percentage of nestin-positive cells (68% vs. 54%) and upregulated gene expressions of nestin, Nurr1, and tyrosine hydroxylase. High purity of neural differentiation in 3D microfibrous matrix was also demonstrated in a spinner bioreactor with 74% nestin + cells. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a scalable process based on 3D differentiation in microfibrous matrices for the production of ESC-derived neural cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- William G. Lowrie Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Haraguchi Y, Matsuura K, Shimizu T, Yamato M, Okano T. Simple suspension culture system of human iPS cells maintaining their pluripotency for cardiac cell sheet engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 9:1363-75. [PMID: 23728860 DOI: 10.1002/term.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a simple three-dimensional (3D) suspension culture method for the expansion and cardiac differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is reported. The culture methods were easily adapted from two-dimensional (2D) to 3D culture without any additional manipulations. When hiPSCs were directly applied to 3D culture from 2D in a single-cell suspension, only a few aggregated cells were observed. However, after 3 days, culture of the small hiPSC aggregates in a spinner flask at the optimal agitation rate created aggregates which were capable of cell passages from the single-cell suspension. Cell numbers increased to approximately 10-fold after 12 days of culture. The undifferentiated state of expanded hiPSCs was confirmed by flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR, and the hiPSCs differentiated into three germ layers. When the hiPSCs were subsequently cultured in a flask using cardiac differentiation medium, expression of cardiac cell-specific genes and beating cardiomyocytes were observed. Furthermore, the culture of hiPSCs on Matrigel-coated dishes with serum-free medium containing activin A, BMP4 and FGF-2 enabled it to generate robust spontaneous beating cardiomyocytes and these cells expressed several cardiac cell-related genes, including HCN4, MLC-2a and MLC-2v. This suggests that the expanded hiPSCs might maintain the potential to differentiate into several types of cardiomyocytes, including pacemakers. Moreover, when cardiac cell sheets were fabricated using differentiated cardiomyocytes, they beat spontaneously and synchronously, indicating electrically communicative tissue. This simple culture system might enable the generation of sufficient amounts of beating cardiomyocytes for use in cardiac regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Haraguchi
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Matsuura
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Faulkner-Jones A, Greenhough S, A King J, Gardner J, Courtney A, Shu W. Development of a valve-based cell printer for the formation of human embryonic stem cell spheroid aggregates. Biofabrication 2013; 5:015013. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/5/1/015013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
50
|
Dahlmann J, Kensah G, Kempf H, Skvorc D, Gawol A, Elliott DA, Dräger G, Zweigerdt R, Martin U, Gruh I. The use of agarose microwells for scalable embryoid body formation and cardiac differentiation of human and murine pluripotent stem cells. Biomaterials 2013; 34:2463-71. [PMID: 23332176 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In most pluripotent stem cell differentiation protocols the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs) is an important step. Here we describe a rapid, straightforward soft lithography approach for the preparation of hydrophilic silicon masters from different templates and the subsequent production of patterned agarose-DMEM microwell surfaces for scalable well standardized stem cell aggregation and EB formation. The non-adhesive agarose microwell plates represent an accurate replication of the templates' topography and were used for aggregation of murine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Direct microscopic assessment by time-lapse analysis demonstrated rapid formation of uniformly shaped EBs from murine iPSCs with similar or even more consistent results concerning size distribution and harvesting efficiency compared to the commonly used but time-consuming hanging drop technique. For human ESCs, homogenous aggregates were obtained after single cell inoculation on agarose microwells with efficient differentiation into the cardiac lineage using state-of-the-art protocols for directed differentiation via small molecules. With this soft lithography-based strategy, sufficient and reproducible numbers of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes necessary for tissue engineering purposes can be realized in a highly controllable manner. Moreover, it might be useful for different cell types in any application that requires scalable and highly standardized aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dahlmann
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|