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Devitt L, Westphal D, Pieger K, Schneider N, Bosserhoff AK, Kuphal S. NRN1 interacts with Notch to increase oncogenic STAT3 signaling in melanoma. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:256. [PMID: 38705997 PMCID: PMC11071257 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is a highly heterogeneous cancer, in which frequent changes in activation of signaling pathways lead to a high adaptability to ever changing tumor microenvironments. The elucidation of cancer specific signaling pathways is of great importance, as demonstrated by the inhibitor of the common BrafV600E mutation PLX4032 in melanoma treatment. We therefore investigated signaling pathways that were influenced by neurotrophin NRN1, which has been shown to be upregulated in melanoma. METHODS Using a cell culture model system with an NRN1 overexpression, we investigated the influence of NRN1 on melanoma cells' functionality and signaling. We employed real time cell analysis and spheroid formation assays, while for investigation of molecular mechanisms we used a kinase phosphorylation kit as well as promotor activity analysis followed by mRNA and protein analysis. RESULTS We revealed that NRN1 interacts directly with the cleaved intracellular domain (NICD) of Notch1 and Notch3, causing a potential retention of NICD in the cytoplasm and thereby reducing the expression of its direct downstream target Hes1. This leads to decreased sequestration of JAK and STAT3 in a Hes1-driven phosphorylation complex. Consequently, our data shows less phosphorylation of STAT3 while presenting an accumulation of total protein levels of STAT3 in association with NRN1 overexpression. The potential of the STAT3 signaling pathway to act in both a tumor suppressive and oncogenic manner led us to investigate specific downstream targets - namely Vegf A, Mdr1, cMet - which were found to be upregulated under oncogenic levels of NRN1. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we were able to show that NRN1 links oncogenic signaling events between Notch and STAT3 in melanoma. We also suggest that in future research more attention should be payed to cellular regulation of signaling molecules outside of the classically known phosphorylation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Devitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Dana Westphal
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, a partnership between German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina Pieger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Nadja Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Erlangen, 91054, Germany.
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2
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Manoharan S, Saha S, Murugesan K, Santhakumar A, Perumal E. Natural bioactive compounds and STAT3 against hepatocellular carcinoma: An update. Life Sci 2024; 337:122351. [PMID: 38103726 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging and very fatal liver cancer. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway is a crucial regulator of tumor development and are ubiquitously active in HCC. Therefore, targeting STAT3 has emerged as a promising approach for preventing and treating HCC. Various natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) have been proven to target STAT3 and have the potential to prevent and treat HCC as STAT3 inhibitors. Numerous kinds of STAT3 inhibitors have been identified, including small molecule inhibitors, peptide inhibitors, and oligonucleotide inhibitors. Due to the undesirable side effects of the conventional therapeutic drugs against HCC, the focus is shifted to NBCs derived from plants and other natural sources. NBCs can be broadly classified into the categories of terpenes, alkaloids, carotenoids, and phenols. Most of the compounds belong to the family of terpenes, which prevent tumorigenesis by inhibiting STAT3 nuclear translocation. Further, through STAT3 inhibition, terpenes downregulate matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP2), matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), modulating metastasis. Terpenes also suppress the anti-apoptotic proteins and cell cycle markers. This review provides comprehensive information related to STAT3 abrogation by NBCs in HCC with in vitro and in vivo evidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryaa Manoharan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Shreejit Saha
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Krishnasanthiya Murugesan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Aksayakeerthana Santhakumar
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India.
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3
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Xu M, Zheng J, Wang J, Huang H, Hu G, He H. MCF2L-AS1/miR-874-3p/STAT3 feedback loop contributes to lung adenocarcinoma cell growth and cisplatin resistance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21342. [PMID: 37954302 PMCID: PMC10637966 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is widely acknowledged for its crucial role in the biological processes of various human cancers. MCF2L antisense RNA 1 (MCF2L-AS1) is a newly identified lncRNA, which remains unexplored in the context of cancer. Methods MCF2L-AS1 expression was examined using qRT-PCR analysis. The impact of MCF2L-AS1 on LUAD cell growth was assessed through CCK-8, colony formation, EdU, caspase-3 activity, TUNEL, Western blot, and transwell assays. The interaction between miR-874-3p and MCF2L-AS1 or STAT3 was confirmed by RIP, luciferase reporter, and RNA pull-down assays. Results Our study demonstrated the overexpression of MCF2L-AS1 in LUAD cells. Functionally, the silencing of MCF2L-AS1 hindered cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while promoting cell apoptosis. Notably, the depletion of MCF2L-AS1 was associated with decreased cisplatin resistance. Mechanistically, MCF2L-AS1 was identified as an upstream gene of miR-874-3p, negatively regulating its expression. Following this, STAT3, the downstream target of miR-874-3p, was identified. Additionally, the expression of STAT3 was inversely related to miR-874-3p and positively regulated by MCF2L-AS1. A restoration assay suggested that MCF2L-AS1 promoted LUAD cell growth by sponging miR-874-3p and modulating STAT3 expression. Intriguingly, STAT3 was subsequently confirmed as a transcription factor that binds to the MCF2L-AS1 promoter, thereby enhancing its transcription. Conclusions The MCF2L-AS1/miR-874-3p/STAT3 feedback loop plays a significant role in LUAD cell growth and cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, China
| | - Hailan He
- Department of Pediatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, China
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4
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Zhang C, Wang J, Song X, Yu D, Guo B, Pang Y, Yin X, Zhao S, Deng H, Zhang S, Deng W. STAT3 potentiates RNA polymerase I-directed transcription and tumor growth by activating RPA34 expression. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:766-782. [PMID: 36526675 PMCID: PMC9977892 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deregulation of either RNA polymerase I (Pol I)-directed transcription or expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) correlates closely with tumorigenesis. However, the connection between STAT3 and Pol I-directed transcription hasn't been investigated. METHODS The role of STAT3 in Pol I-directed transcription was determined using combined techniques. The regulation of tumor cell growth mediated by STAT3 and Pol I products was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. RNAseq, ChIP assays and rescue assays were used to uncover the mechanism of Pol I transcription mediated by STAT3. RESULTS STAT3 expression positively correlates with Pol I product levels and cancer cell growth. The inhibition of STAT3 or Pol I products suppresses cell growth. Mechanistically, STAT3 activates Pol I-directed transcription by enhancing the recruitment of the Pol I transcription machinery to the rDNA promoter. STAT3 directly activates Rpa34 gene transcription by binding to the RPA34 promoter, which enhances the occupancies of the Pol II transcription machinery factors at this promoter. Cancer patients with RPA34 high expression lead to poor survival probability and short survival time. CONCLUSION STAT3 potentiates Pol I-dependent transcription and tumor cell growth by activating RPA34 in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Xiaoye Song
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Deen Yu
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Baoqiang Guo
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH, UK
| | - Yaoyu Pang
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Xiaomei Yin
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Huan Deng
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Shihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Wensheng Deng
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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5
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Garcia-Segura P, Malagelada C. STAT3 and REDD1: an unconventional story of gene repression. FEBS J 2023; 290:1735-1739. [PMID: 36715132 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The non-canonical functions of the transcription factor STAT3 have been poorly studied in comparison to its canonical mechanisms of gene expression activation. Here, Köhler et al. put the spotlight on a novel unconventional repressing mechanism of STAT3 over the REDD1 gene, named DDIT4. These findings are crucial to expand the knowledge of the stress-induced short-lived REDD1 protein that inactivates mTOR and the consequences of this fine-tuned regulation in the context of pathological conditions such as cancer or neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Garcia-Segura
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Zhang C, Zhao S, Deng H, Zhang S, Wang J, Song X, Yu D, Zhang Y, Deng W. STAT3 promotes RNA polymerase III-directed transcription by controlling the miR-106a-5p/TP73 axis. eLife 2023; 12:e82826. [PMID: 36656267 PMCID: PMC9851613 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of Pol III products causes a range of diseases, including neural diseases and cancers. However, the factors and mechanisms that modulate Pol III-directed transcription remain to be found, although massive advances have been achieved. Here, we show that STAT3 positively regulates the activities of Pol III-dependent transcription and cancer cell growth. RNA-seq analysis revealed that STAT3 inhibits the expression of TP73, a member of the p53 family. We found that TP73 is not only required for the regulation of Pol III-directed transcription mediated by STAT3 but also independently suppresses the synthesis of Pol III products. Mechanistically, TP73 can disrupt the assembly of TFIIIB subunits and inhibit their occupancies at Pol III target loci by interacting with TFIIIB subunit TBP. MiR-106a-5p can activate Pol III-directed transcription by targeting the TP73 mRNA 3' UTR to reduce TP 73 expression. We show that STAT3 activates the expression of miR-106a-5p by binding to the miRNA promoter, indicating that the miR-106a-5p links STAT3 with TP73 to regulate Pol III-directed transcription. Collectively, these findings indicate that STAT3 functions as a positive regulator in Pol III-directed transcription by controlling the miR-106a-5p/TP73 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Shasha Zhao
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Huan Deng
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Shihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiaoye Song
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Deen Yu
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wensheng Deng
- School of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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7
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Dai S, Wang C, Zhao X, Ma C, Fu K, Liu Y, Peng C, Li Y. Cucurbitacin B: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106587. [PMID: 36460279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbitacin B (CuB, C32H46O8), the most abundant and active member of cucurbitacins, which are highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids. Cucurbitacins are widely distributed in a variety of plants and mainly isolated from plants in the Cucurbitaceae family. CuB is mostly obtained from the pedicel of Cucumis melo L. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that CuB has a broad range of pharmacological activities, with significant therapeutic effects on a variety of diseases including inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cancers. In this study the PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched from 1986 to 2022. After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 98 out of 2484 articles were selected for a systematic review to comprehensively summarize the pharmacological activity, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic properties of CuB. The results showed that CuB exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-cancer activities mainly via regulating various signaling pathways, such as the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (JAK/STAT3), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase-2A/protein phosphatase-2A (CIP2A/PP2A), Wnt, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Notch, and Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathways. Studies of its toxicity and pharmacokinetic properties showed that CuB has non-specific toxicity and low bioavailability. In addition, derivatives and clinical applications of CuB are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - XingTao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ke Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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8
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Gardner HL, Fenger JM, Roberts RD, London CA. Characterizing the metabolic role of STAT3 in canine osteosarcoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:817-824. [PMID: 35608271 PMCID: PMC9669091 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) dysregulation has been characterized in canine OS, with previous data suggesting that constitutive STAT3 activation contributes to survival and proliferation in OS cell lines in vitro. Recently, the contribution of STAT3 to tumour metabolism has been described across several tumour histologies, and understanding the metabolic implications of STAT3 loss may elucidate novel therapeutic approaches with synergistic activity. The objective of this work was to characterize metabolic benchmarks associated with STAT3 loss in canine OS. STAT3 expression and activation was evaluated using western blotting in canine OS cell lines OSCA8 and Abrams. STAT3 was deleted from these OS cell lines using CRISPR-Cas9, and the effects on proliferation, invasion and metabolism (respirometry, intracellular lactate) were determined. Loss of STAT3 was associated with decreased basal and compensatory glycolysis in canine OS cell lines, without modulation of cellular proliferation. Loss of STAT3 also resulted in diminished invasive capacity in vitro. Interestingly, the absence of STAT3 did not impact sensitivity to doxorubicin in vitro. Our data demonstrate that loss of STAT3 modulates features of aerobic glycolysis in canine OS impacting capacities for cellular invasions, suggesting a role for this transcription factor in metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Gardner
- Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Joelle M. Fenger
- College of Veterinary MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA,Present address:
Ethos Veterinary Health and Ethos Discovery (501c3)WoburnMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ryan D. Roberts
- Research Institute at Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Cheryl A. London
- Cummings School of Veterinary MedicineTufts UniversityNorth GraftonMassachusettsUSA
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9
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Hellsten R, Stiehm A, Palominos M, Persson M, Bjartell A. The STAT3 inhibitor GPB730 enhances the sensitivity to enzalutamide in prostate cancer cells. Transl Oncol 2022; 24:101495. [PMID: 35917644 PMCID: PMC9344336 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzalutamide is a second-generation anti-androgen which has shown increased survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. However, some patients do not respond to this therapy or will develop resistance to treatment over time. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is known to be involved in castration-resistant prostate cancer and to interact with androgen receptor (AR)-signaling. This study aims to investigate the combination enzalutamide and the small molecule STAT3 inhibitor GPB730 for enhanced therapeutic effect in advanced prostate cancer in vitro. The prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP (androgen dependent) and C4-2 (androgen insensitive) were used. The effect of enzalutamide and GPB730, alone and in combination, was investigated on viability and IC50 values calculated. Enzalutamide and GPB730 treated LNCaP and C4-2 cells were subjected to western blot and QPCR analyses in order to investigate the expression of AR, STAT3 and down-stream targets. C4-2 were less sensitive to growth inhibition by enzalutamide than LNCaP cells. GPB730 enhanced the growth inhibitory effect of enzalutamide in LNCaP and C4-2 cells. The addition of GPB730 to enzalutamide decreased the IC50 values for enzalutamide by 3.3-fold for LNCaP and by 12-fold for C4-2. In C4-2 cells, GPB730 alone decreased PSA expression and enhanced the enzalutamide induced decrease in NKX3.1 expression. GPB730 and enzalutamide in combination enhanced inhibition of c-myc and survivin expression. This study suggests that enzalutamide may be combined with the STAT3 inhibitor GPB730 in order to enhance the efficacy of enzalutamide, offering a new therapeutic approach in advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecka Hellsten
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, Building 404:A3, Lund SE-223 63, Sweden.
| | - Anna Stiehm
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, Building 404:A3, Lund SE-223 63, Sweden
| | - Macarena Palominos
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, Building 404:A3, Lund SE-223 63, Sweden
| | - Margareta Persson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, Building 404:A3, Lund SE-223 63, Sweden
| | - Anders Bjartell
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Scheelevägen 8, Building 404:A3, Lund SE-223 63, Sweden; Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Jan Waldenströms gata 5, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
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10
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Cho SJ, Jeong BY, Song YS, Park CG, Cho DY, Lee HY. STAT3 mediates RCP-induced cancer cell invasion through the NF-κB/Slug/MT1-MMP signaling cascade. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:460-474. [PMID: 35809175 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rab coupling protein (RCP) has been known to induce cancer invasion and metastasis, and STAT3 is one of major oncogenic factors. In the present study, we identify the critical role of STAT3 in RCP-induced cancer cell invasion. Immunohistochemical data of ovarian cancer tissues presented that levels of RCP expression are closely correlated with those of phospho-STAT3 (p-STAT3). In addition, ovarian cancer patients with high expression of both RCP and p-STAT3 had significantly lower progress-free and overall survival rates compared to those with low either RCP or p-STAT3 expression. Mechanistically, RCP induced STAT3 phosphorylation in both ovarian and breast cancer cells. Silencing or pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 significantly inhibited RCP-induced cancer cell invasion. In addition, we provide evidence that the β1 integrin/EGFR axis is important for RCP-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Furthermore, STAT3 activated NF-κB for Slug expression that in turn upregulated MT1-MMP expression for cancer cell invasion. Collectively, our present data demonstrate that STAT3 is located downstream of the β1 integrin/EGFR axis and induces Slug and MT1-MMP expression for cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, 821 Medical Science Building, 158 Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Young Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, 821 Medical Science Building, 158 Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Young Soo Song
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gyo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, 821 Medical Science Building, 158 Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yeun Cho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, 821 Medical Science Building, 158 Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Fan K, Gou Y, Zang Z, Ding X, Yang H, Li S. Drp1 Regulated Mitochondrial Hypofission Promotes the Invasion and Proliferation of Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas via Activating STAT3. Front Oncol 2022; 12:739631. [PMID: 35463323 PMCID: PMC9021862 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.739631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasiveness and high proliferation rate of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas (GHPAs) are closely related to poor prognosis in patients. We previously reported that abnormal glycolysis participates in this process; however, the role of mitochondria in the invasion and proliferation of GHPAs remains unknown. In the current study, stereological methods were first used to quantitatively calculate the number and morphology of mitochondria. The results revealed that the numbers, volumes and membrane areas of mitochondria were decreased in invasive GHPAs (IGHPAs) samples compared to noninvasive GHPAs (NIGHPAs) samples. Furthermore, significantly downregulated mRNA and protein levels of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) were detected in IGHPAs, but no notable changes in fusion related molecules (Mfn1, Mfn2 and OPA1) were detected, suggesting that the abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in IGHPAs are characterized by hypofission. Mitochondrial hypofission caused by Mdivi-1, a specific Drp1 inhibitor, enhanced the invasion and proliferation of GH3 cell lines and primary cells from patients with GHPAs in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression of Drp1 reversed these processes. Mechanistically, mitochondrial hypofission might activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Specifically, elevated nuclear pSTAT3Y705 may promote GH3 cell invasion by upregulating the activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2/9, and elevated mitochondrial pSTAT3S727 may promote GH3 cell proliferation by inhibiting the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway. Taken together, our findings suggest that mitochondrial hypofission induced by Drp1 might strengthen the invasion and proliferation of GHPA tumor cells by activating STAT3, providing us with a new perspective on how mitochondria regulate the development of IGHPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kexia Fan
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajun Gou
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenle Zang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Ding
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Brian and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Li
- Multidisciplinary Center for Pituitary Adenomas of Chongqing, Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Institute of Brian and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, China
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12
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Rah B, Rather RA, Bhat GR, Baba AB, Mushtaq I, Farooq M, Yousuf T, Dar SB, Parveen S, Hassan R, Mohammad F, Qassim I, Bhat A, Ali S, Zargar MH, Afroze D. JAK/STAT Signaling: Molecular Targets, Therapeutic Opportunities, and Limitations of Targeted Inhibitions in Solid Malignancies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:821344. [PMID: 35401182 PMCID: PMC8987160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.821344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
JAK/STAT signaling pathway is one of the important regulatory signaling cascades for the myriad of cellular processes initiated by various types of ligands such as growth factors, hormones, and cytokines. The physiological processes regulated by JAK/STAT signaling are immune regulation, cell proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis and hematopoiesis of myeloid and non-myeloid cells. Dysregulation of JAK/STAT signaling is reported in various immunological disorders, hematological and other solid malignancies through various oncogenic activation mutations in receptors, downstream mediators, and associated transcriptional factors such as STATs. STATs typically have a dual role when explored in the context of cancer. While several members of the STAT family are involved in malignancies, however, a few members which include STAT3 and STAT5 are linked to tumor initiation and progression. Other STAT members such as STAT1 and STAT2 are pivotal for antitumor defense and maintenance of an effective and long-term immune response through evolutionarily conserved programs. The effects of JAK/STAT signaling and the persistent activation of STATs in tumor cell survival; proliferation and invasion have made the JAK/STAT pathway an ideal target for drug development and cancer therapy. Therefore, understanding the intricate JAK/STAT signaling in the pathogenesis of solid malignancies needs extensive research. A better understanding of the functionally redundant roles of JAKs and STATs may provide a rationale for improving existing cancer therapies which have deleterious effects on normal cells and to identifying novel targets for therapeutic intervention in solid malignancies.
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13
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Liu J, Ding D, Liu F, Chen Y, Jayakumar AR. Rhein Inhibits the Progression of Chemoresistant Lung Cancer Cell Lines via the Stat3/Snail/MMP2/MMP9 Pathway. BioMed Research International 2022; 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35178453 PMCID: PMC8846980 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7184871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a common drug for lung cancer. Nevertheless, the development of drug resistance greatly limits their clinical efficacy. Therefore, to reduce drug resistance, we need to constantly explore new treatments. This study is aimed at determining the role of rhein in the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cell. Our study found that rhein significantly inhibits the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells. Additionally, the mRNA expression and protein levels of Snail, MMP2, and MMP9 are decreasing in lung cancer cells treated by rhein. Our results showed that rhein plays a vital role in proliferation and metastasis of chemosensitive and chemoresistant lung cancer cells, and the mechanism may be related to the Stat3/Snail/MMP2/MMP9 pathway.
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14
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Gotte G, Campagnari R, Loreto D, Bettin I, Calzetti F, Menegazzi M, Merlino A. The crystal structure of the domain-swapped dimer of onconase highlights some catalytic and antitumor activity features of the enzyme. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:560-571. [PMID: 34563576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Onconase (ONC) is a monomeric amphibian "pancreatic-type" RNase endowed with remarkable anticancer activity. ONC spontaneously forms traces of a dimer (ONC-D) in solution, while larger amounts can be formed when ONC is lyophilized from mildly acidic solutions. Here, we report the crystal structure of ONC-D and analyze its catalytic and antitumor activities in comparison to ONC. ONC-D forms via the three-dimensional swapping of the N-terminal α-helix between two monomers, but it displays a significantly different quaternary structure from that previously modeled [Fagagnini A et al., 2017, Biochem J 474, 3767-81], and based on the crystal structure of the RNase A N-terminal swapped dimer. ONC-D presents a variable quaternary assembly deriving from a variable open interface, while it retains a catalytic activity that is similar to that of ONC. Notably, ONC-D displays antitumor activity against two human melanoma cell lines, although it exerts a slightly lower cytostatic effect than the monomer. The inhibition of melanoma cell proliferation by ONC or ONC-D is associated with the reduction of the expression of the anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), as well as of the total expression and phosphorylation of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)-3. Phosphorylation is inhibited in both STAT3 Tyr705 and Ser727 key-residues, as well as in its upstream tyrosine-kinase Src. Consequently, both ONC species should exert their anti-cancer action by inhibiting the pro-tumor pleiotropic STAT3 effects deriving either by its phospho-tyrosine activation or by its non-canonical signaling pathways. Both ONC species, indeed, increase the portion of A375 cells undergoing apoptotic cell death. This study expands the variety of RNase domain-swapped dimeric structures, underlining the unpredictability of the open interface arrangement upon domain swapping. Structural data also offer valuable insights to analyze the differences in the measured ONC or ONC-D biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gotte
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Rachele Campagnari
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Domenico Loreto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bettin
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Calzetti
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Menegazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biological Chemistry Section, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy.
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15
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Fisher ML, Balinth S, Hwangbo Y, Wu C, Ballon C, Wilkinson JE, Goldberg GL, Mills AA. BRD4 REGULATES TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ∆Np63αTO DRIVE A CANCER STEM CELL PHENOTYPE IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS. Cancer Res 2021; 81:6246-6258. [PMID: 34697072 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4) plays a critical role in controlling the expression of genes involved in development and cancer. Inactivation of BRD4 inhibits cancer growth, making it a promising anticancer drug target. The cancer stem cell population is a key driver of recurrence and metastasis in cancer patients. Here we show that cancer stem-like cells can be enriched from squamous cell carcinomas, and that these cells display an aggressive phenotype with enhanced stem cell marker expression, migration, invasion, and tumor growth. BRD4 was highly elevated in this aggressive subpopulation of cells, and its function is critical for these cancer stem cell-like properties. Moreover, BRD4 regulated ∆Np63α, a key transcription factor that is essential for epithelial stem cell function that is often overexpressed in cancers. BRD4 regulated an EZH2/STAT3 complex that led to increased ∆Np63α-mediated transcription. Targeting BRD4 in human squamous cell carcinoma reduces ∆Np63α, leading to inhibition of spheroid formation, migration, invasion and tumor growth. These studies identify a novel BRD4-regulated signaling network in a subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells elucidating a possible avenue for effective therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Fisher
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
| | | | - Yon Hwangbo
- Cancer Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
| | - Caizhi Wu
- Cancer Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
| | | | - John E Wilkinson
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
| | - Gary L Goldberg
- Ob/Gyn, Gynecologic Oncology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwel
| | - Alea A Mills
- Div. of Cancer Genetics, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
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16
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Raut PK, Lee HS, Joo SH, Chun KS. Thymoquinone induces oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis through downregulation of Jak2/STAT3 signaling pathway in human melanoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112604. [PMID: 34627931 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive and treatment-resistant cancer, and the incidence and mortality rates are increasing worldwide. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the active component of Nigella sativa seed extracts and exerts anticancer effects in various cancer cells. However, the anticancer effects of TQ on melanoma and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, TQ treatment induced apoptosis in SK-MEL-28 cells. Interestingly, constitutive phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was markedly decreased following TQ treatment. Furthermore, TQ treatment downregulated STAT3-dependent genes including cyclin D1, D2, and D3 and survivin. Moreover, inhibition of Jak2/STAT3 using AG490, an inhibitor of Jak2 or genetic ablation of STAT3, abrogated the expression of target genes. TQ increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas pretreatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger, prevented the suppressive effect of TQ on Jak2/STAT3 activation and protected SK-MEL-28 cells from TQ-induced apoptosis. TQ administration further attenuated the growth of SK-MEL-28 tumor xenografts. Taken together, TQ induced apoptosis of SK-MEL-28 by hindering the Jak2/STAT3 signaling pathway through ROS generation. Our results support further development of TQ as a potential anticancer therapeutic agent for treating melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar Raut
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Hui Seong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk, 38430, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, South Korea.
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17
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Zeng L, Li A, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Chen H, Wang Y, Ding X, Luo H. Ropivacaine Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in the G0/G1 Phase and Apoptosis of PC12 Cells via Inhibiting Mitochondrial STAT3 Translocation. Inflammation 2021; 44:2362-2376. [PMID: 34417665 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01508-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 has neuroprotective effect via non-canonical activation and mitochondrial translocation, but its effect on ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity remains unclear. Our previous study revealed that apoptosis was an important mechanism of ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity; this study is to illustrate the relationship between STAT3 with ropivacaine-induced apoptosis. Those results showed that ropivacaine treatment decreased cell viability, induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells. Moreover, ropivacaine decreased the phosphorylated levels of STAT3 at Ser727 and downregulated the expression of STAT3 upstream gene IL-6. The mitochondrial translocation of STAT3 was also hindered by ropivacaine. To further illustrate the connection of STAT3 protein structure with ropivacaine, the autodock-vina was used to examine the interaction between STAT3 and ropivacaine, and the results showed that ropivacaine could bind to STAT3's proline site and other sites. In addition, the activator and inhibitor of mitoSTAT3 translocation were used to demonstrate it was involved in ropivacaine-induced apoptosis; the results showed that enhancing the mitochondrial STAT3 translocation could prevent ropivacaine-induced apoptosis. Finally, the expression of p-STAT3 and the levels of apoptosis in the spinal cord were also detected; the results were consistent with the cell experiment; ropivacaine decreased the expression of p-STAT3 protein and increased the levels of apoptosis in the spinal cord. We demonstrated that ropivacaine induced apoptosis by inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3 at Ser727 and the mitochondrial STAT3 translocation. This effect was reversed by the activation of the mitochondrial STAT3 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson's Disease, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Aohan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson's Disease, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson's Disease, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Fuyu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson's Disease, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Huaxian Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson's Disease, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Xudong Ding
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Huiyu Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Key Laboratory of Movement Disorders, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei Clinical Research Center of Parkinson's Disease, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China.
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18
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Diallo M, Herrera F. The role of understudied post-translational modifications for the behavior and function of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3. FEBS J 2021; 289:6235-6255. [PMID: 34235865 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) family of transcription factors is involved in inflammation, immunity, development, cancer, and response to injury, among other biological phenomena. Canonical STAT signaling is often represented as a 3-step pathway involving the sequential activation of a membrane receptor, an intermediate kinase, and a STAT transcription factor. The rate-limiting phosphorylation at a highly conserved C-terminal tyrosine residue determines the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of STATs. This apparent simplicity is actually misleading and can hardly explain the pleiotropic nature of STATs, the existence of various noncanonical STAT pathways, or the key role of the N-terminal domain in STAT functions. More than 80 post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been identified for STAT3, but their functions remain barely understood. Here, we provide a brief but comprehensive overview of these underexplored PTMs and their role on STAT3 canonical and noncanonical functions. A less tyrosine-centric point of view may be required to advance our understanding of STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Diallo
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Cell Structure and Dynamics Laboratory, BioISI - Instituto de Biosistemas e Ciências integrativas, Lisbon, Portugal.,MOSTMICRO Research Unit, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Federico Herrera
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Cell Structure and Dynamics Laboratory, BioISI - Instituto de Biosistemas e Ciências integrativas, Lisbon, Portugal.,MOSTMICRO Research Unit, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB-NOVA), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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19
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Zhang J, Yang W, Xiao Y, Shan L. MiR-125b Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer SW480 Cells via Targeting STAT3. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:187-194. [PMID: 34238196 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210708165037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Multiple studies have unveiled the key role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of various types of cancer. However, the mechanism of action of miR-125b in the development and progression of colon cancer remains unknown. OBJECTIVE In this study, we explored the association of miR-125b and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and its role in the proliferation and apoptosis of SW480 colon cancer cells. METHODS The miR-125b expression in NCM460, SW480, HT29, and HCT8 cells was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). SW480 cells were transfected with lentiviruses of GFP-miR-125b and GFP-NC to establish a stable miR-125b overexpression colon cancer cell model and a control model. The targeting relationship between miR-125b and STAT3 was analyzed using bioinformatics and verified by the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and TUNEL staining. The expression levels of STAT3, Bcl-2, and Bax were analyzed using Western blot analysis. RESULTS It was found that the relative mRNA expression of miR-125b was decreased in SW480, HT29, and HCT8 cells compared with that in NCM460 cells (P<0.05). The luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that miR-125b downregulated the STAT3 gene expression (P<0.05). Overexpression of miR-125b inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in SW480 colon cancer cells and was accompanied by upregulated Bax expression and downregulated Bcl-2 expression (P<0.05). Re-expression of STAT3 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis, whereas Bcl-2 expression increased, and Bax expression decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The miR-125b regulates the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 by downregulating the expression of STAT3, thereby inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of SW480 colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhe Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yunxi Xiao
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Linlin Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
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20
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Zhao X, Zhang N, Huang Y, Dou X, Peng X, Wang W, Zhang Z, Wang R, Qiu Y, Jin M, Kong D. Lansoprazole Alone or in Combination With Gefitinib Shows Antitumor Activity Against Non-small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells in vitro and in vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:655559. [PMID: 33959611 PMCID: PMC8093516 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.655559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lansoprazole (Lpz) is an FDA-approved proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drug for the therapy of acid-related diseases. Aiming to explore the new application of old drugs, we recently investigated the antitumor effect of Lpz. We demonstrated that the PPI Lpz played a tumor suppressive role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Mechanistically, Lpz induced apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and Raf/ERK pathways. In addition, Lpz inhibited autophagy by blocking the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. Furthermore, Lpz in combination with gefitinib (Gef) showed a synergistic antitumor effect on A549 cells, with enhanced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The combination inhibited Stat3 phosphorylation, PI3K/Akt and Raf/ERK signaling, affecting cell cycle-related proteins such as p-Rb, cyclin D1 and p27, as well as apoptotic proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In vivo, coadministration with Lpz and Gef significantly attenuated the growth of A549 nude mouse xenograft models. These findings suggest that Lpz might be applied in combination with Gef for NSCLC therapy, but further evidence is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Dou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Tianjin Tianshi College, Tianyuan University, Tianjin, China
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21
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Chou X, Ma K, Shen Y, Min Z, Wu Q, Sun D. Dual role of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE-1α) in Cd-induced apoptosis in human renal tubular epithelial cells: Endoplasmic reticulum stress and STAT3 signaling activation. Toxicology 2021; 456:152769. [PMID: 33813002 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a nephrotoxicant that primarily damages renal proximal tubular cells. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is mechanistically linked to Cd-induced renal injury. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1α) is the most conserved ER stress transducer protein, which has both kinase and endonuclease activities. This study aimed to investigate whether the two enzymatic activities of IRE-1α have different effects in its regulation of Cd-induced apoptosis. Human proximal tubular (HK-2) cells were treated with 20 μM CdCl2 for 0-24 h, and mice were fed with Cd-containing drinking water (100-400 mg/L) for 24 weeks. We found that Cd increased cell apoptosis in HK-2 cells and mouse kidneys in a time-dependent manner. Such cytotoxicity was correlated with activation of ER stress, evidenced by upregulation of IRE-1α and its target protein spliced X-box binding protein-1 (XBP-1 s). Interestingly, inhibition of IRE-1α kinase activity by KIRA6 was more protective against Cd-induced apoptosis than inhibition of its RNase activity by STF-083010. Mechanistically, Cd promoted the binding of IRE-1α with signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) leading to elevated phosphorylation of STAT3 at Ser727 and thus inactivation of STAT3 signaling, which resulted in aggravation of Cd-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that IRE-1α coordinate ER stress and STAT3 signaling in mediating Cd-induced renal toxicity, suggesting that targeting IRE-1α might be a potential therapeutic approach for Cd-induced renal dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chou
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kunpeng Ma
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhen Min
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Daoyuan Sun
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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22
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Shiah JV, Grandis JR, Johnson DE. Targeting STAT3 with Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras and Next-Generation Antisense Oligonucleotides. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:219-228. [PMID: 33203730 PMCID: PMC7888537 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 has been recognized for its key role in the progression of cancer, where it is frequently upregulated or constitutively hyperactivated, contributing to tumor cell proliferation, survival, and migration, as well as angiogenesis and suppression of antitumor immunity. Given the ubiquity of dysregulated STAT3 activity in cancer, it has long been considered a highly attractive target for the development of anticancer therapies. Efforts to target STAT3, however, have proven to be especially challenging, perhaps owing to the fact that transcription factors lack targetable enzymatic activity and have historically been considered "undruggable." Small-molecule inhibitors targeting STAT3 have been limited by insufficient selectivity and potency. More recently, therapeutic approaches that selectively target STAT3 protein for degradation have been developed, offering novel strategies that do not rely on inhibition of upstream pathways or direct competitive inhibition of the STAT3 protein. Here, we review these emerging approaches, including the development of STAT3 proteolysis targeting chimera agents, as well as preclinical and clinical studies of chemically stabilized antisense molecules, such as the clinical agent AZD9150. These therapeutic strategies may robustly reduce the cellular activity of oncogenic STAT3 and overcome the historical limitations of less selective small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie V Shiah
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel E Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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23
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Han J, Zhao Z, Zhang N, Yang Y, Ma L, Feng L, Zhang X, Zuo J, Fan Z, Wang Y, Song Y, Wang G. Transcriptional dysregulation of TRIM29 promotes colorectal cancer carcinogenesis via pyruvate kinase-mediated glucose metabolism. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:5034-5054. [PMID: 33495406 PMCID: PMC7950264 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Targeted molecular therapy is the most effective treatment for cancer. An effective therapeutic target for colorectal cancer (CRC) is urgently needed. However, the mechanisms of CRC remain poorly understood, which has hampered research and development of CRC-targeted therapy. TRIM29 is a ubiquitin E3 ligase that has been reported as an oncogene in several human tumors. In this study, we show that increased levels of TRIM29 were detected in CRC compared with normal tissues and were associated with poor clinical outcome, advanced stage and lymph node metastasis, particularly those with right-sided colorectal cancer (RSCC). Notably, GATA2 (GATA Binding Protein 2) transcriptionally repressed TRIM29 expression. The loss of GATA2 and high expression of TRIM29 occur more frequently in RSCC than in left-sided colorectal cancer (LSCC). Functional assays revealed that TRIM29 promotes the malignant CRC phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analyses indicate that TRIM29 promotes pyruvate kinase (mainly PKM1) degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. TRIM29 directly targets PKM1 to reduce PKM1/PKM2 ratio, which results in PKM2-mediated aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) acting as the dominant energy source in CRC. Our findings suggest that TRIM29 acts as a tumor promoter in CRC, especially in RSCC, and is a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Liying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zuo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Zhisong Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Guiying Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, P.R. China
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24
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Liu JS, Yeh CA, Huang IC, Huang GY, Chiu CH, Mahalakshmi B, Wen SY, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 mediates apoptosis inhibition through reducing mitochondrial ROS and activating Bcl-2 in gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer A549 cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3896-3905. [PMID: 33283880 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In this study, we used lung adenocarcinoma cells as a model, as lung adenocarcinoma has the highest mortality rate among all lung cancers. For the past few years, medical treatments or lung cancer have been limited because of chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of the development of drug resistance in lung cancer is urgent. Gemcitabine is widely prescribed in the chemotherapeutic treatment of lung cancers. In this study, we developed gemcitabine-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549-GR) from the A549 cell line. The results showed that apoptotic protein expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were reduced in A549-GR cells compared to A549 cells. Interestingly, we found that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) translocated to the nucleus and mitochondria to affect the apoptotic pathway and ROS generation, respectively. Furthermore, treatment with STAT3 small interfering RNA diminished the increase in ROS production, proliferation and antiapoptotic proteins in A549-GR cells. Taken together, the study demonstrated that STAT3 acts as an essential regulator and moderates apoptosis through two major mechanisms to induce gemcitabine resistance in cells; and these findings provide a potential target for the treatment of gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Sheng Liu
- China Medical University Beigang Hospital Thoracic Department, Yunlin, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Yeh
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chieh Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - B Mahalakshmi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Su-Ying Wen
- Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Dermatology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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25
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Yu F, Qiao P, Yin G, Sun Y, Yu X, Sun X, Chu Y, Wang Y. RHPN2 Promotes Malignant Cell Behaviours in Ovarian Cancer by Activating STAT3 Signalling. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:11517-11527. [PMID: 33204106 PMCID: PMC7667185 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s272752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related deaths and accounts for 3% of cancer cases occurring in women. Therefore, determining the underlying genes that can promote ovarian cancer progression is of great urgency. It has been reported that RHPN2 promotes tumour progression in various types of cancer, but its role in ovarian cancer pathogenesis remains unknown. Materials and Methods In this study, bioinformatic datasets were used to predict the expression of RHPN2 in clinical samples and determine the relationship between RHPN2 and the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Clinical samples were used to verify the prediction. RHPN2-targeting shRNA was used to investigate the effect of RHPN2 on ovarian cancer cells, and following RHPN2 knockdown, the proliferative and migratory capacities of ovarian cancer cells were tested. To determine the downstream signalling target of RHPN2, a luciferase reporter assay was conducted, and an animal experiment was carried out to confirm the effect of RHPN2 in vivo. Results The public datasets indicated that ovarian cancer tissues showed significantly higher RHPN2 expression than para-cancer normal tissues, and poor prognosis was observed in patients with higher RHPN2 expression, which was further confirmed in clinical samples. After RHPN2 was knocked down, the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells were significantly impaired; a luciferase reporter assay indicated that the STAT3 signalling pathway was the most highly affected, and RHPN2 downregulation inhibited STAT3 nuclear translocation. STAT3 inhibitors partially rescued the tumour-promoting effect induced by RHPN2 overexpression, which was further confirmed by animal experiments. Conclusion Collectively, our results indicate that RHPN2 promotes malignant behaviours in ovarian cancer by activating STAT3 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengsheng Yu
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Qiao
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangjie Yin
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yewu Sun
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijing Chu
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankui Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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26
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Li H, Zhao L, Lau YS, Zhang C, Han R. Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies LGALS2 as an oxidative stress-responsive gene with an inhibitory function on colon tumor growth. Oncogene 2021; 40:177-88. [PMID: 33110234 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and the third most common cancer in men and women. Around 20% colon cancer cases are closely linked with colitis. Both environmental and genetic factors are thought to contribute to colon inflammation and tumor development. However, the genetic factors regulating colitis and colon tumorigenesis remain elusive. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) is vitally involved in tissue inflammation and tumorigenesis, here we employed a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screening approach to systemically identify the genetic factors involved in the regulation of oxidative stress. Next generation sequencing (NGS) showed that over 600 gRNAs including the ones targeting LGALS2 were highly enriched in cells survived after sublethal H2O2 challenge. LGALS2 encodes the glycan-binding protein Galectin 2 (Gal2), which is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and downregulated in human colon tumors. To examine the role of Gal2 in colitis, we employed the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis model in mice with (WT) or without Lgals2 (Gal2-KO) and showed that Gal2 deficiency ameliorated DSS-induced colitis. We further demonstrated that Gal2-KO mice developed significantly larger tumors than WT mice using Azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colorectal cancer model. We found that STAT3 phosphorylation was significantly increased in Gal2-deficient tumors as compared to those in WT mice. Gal2 overexpression decreased the proliferation of human colon tumor epithelial cells and blunted H2O2-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Overall, our results demonstrate that Gal2 plays a suppressive role in colon tumor growth and highlights the therapeutic potential of Gal2 in colon cancer.
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27
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Dimri S, Malhotra R, Shet T, Mokal S, Gupta S, De A. Noncanonical pS727 post translational modification dictates major STAT3 activation and downstream functions in breast cancer. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112313. [PMID: 33002501 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Activation of STAT3 via Y705-phosphorylation is well documented across multiple cancer types and thus forms the basis of canonical pathway to judge STAT3 activation. Recently, important roles of two other post translational modification (PTM) sites, i.e. S727-phosphorylation and K685-acetylation, leading to STAT3 activation are reported. However, their critical mode of function in controlling STAT3 dimerization and signaling, independent of canonical activation remains elusive. Therefore, to understand the functional relevance of each STAT3 PTMs in breast cancer (BC), cell models are developed by stable overexpression of PTM-site specific point mutants, i.e. Y705F, S727A or K685R, in a 3'UTR-STAT3 knockdown BC cell background. Results using this model system reveal novel findings showing that phosphorylation at S727 can lead to STAT3 activation independent of phosphoY705. We also demonstrate that loss of pS727 or K685ac significantly affects functional phenotypes such as cell survival and proliferation as well as downstream transcriptional activity (Twist 1, Socs3, c-Myc, Bcl-1 and Mcl-1) of STAT3. Thereafter, by utilizing a BRET biosensor for measuring STAT3 phosphorylation in live cells, a crucial role of pS727 in dictating STAT3 activation and homodimerization formation is uncovered. Further by performing retrospective IHC analysis of total and phospho-forms of STAT3 in a cohort of 76 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patient samples, a significant dominant expression of phosphoS727 over phosphoY705 PTM (p < 0.001) is found in STAT3 positive cases. We also focus on validating known STAT3 inhibitor molecules for their action against both pY705 and pS727 activation. This study for the first time demonstrates that an anti-helminth drug compound, Niclosamide, is capable of inactivating both phospho-PTM sites on STAT3 and exhibits excellent anticancer efficacy in preclinical TNBC tumour model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Dimri
- Molecular Functional Imaging Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - Renu Malhotra
- Molecular Functional Imaging Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India.
| | - Tanuja Shet
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - Smruti Mokal
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - Abhijit De
- Molecular Functional Imaging Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
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28
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Li YL, Wu LW, Zeng LH, Zhang ZY, Wang W, Zhang C, Lin NM. ApoC1 promotes the metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via activation of STAT3. Oncogene 2020; 39:6203-17. [PMID: 32826950 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01428-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common renal cancer and frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage. It is prone to develop unpredictable metastases even with proper treatment. Antiangiogenic therapy is the most effective medical treatment for metastatic ccRCC. Thus, exploration of novel approaches to inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis may potentially lead to a better therapeutic option for ccRCC. Among all the types of cancer, renal cancer samples exhibited the maximum upregulation of ApoC1 as referred to in the Oncomine database. The expression of ApoC1 was increased accompanied by ccRCC progression. A high level of ApoC1 was closely related to poor survival time in ccRCC patients. Furthermore, ApoC1 was over-expressed in the highly invasive ccRCC cells as compared to that in the low-invasive ccRCC cells. Besides, ApoC1 promoted metastasis of ccRCC cells via EMT pathway, whereas depletion of ApoC1 alleviated these effects. ApoC1 as a novel pro-metastatic factor facilitates the activation of STAT3 and enhances the metastasis of ccRCC cells. Meanwhile, ApoC1 in the exosomes were transferred from the ccRCC cells to the vascular endothelial cells and promoted metastasis of the ccRCC cells via activating STAT3. Finally, the metastatic potential of the ccRCC cells driven by ApoC1 was suppressed by DPP-4 inhibition. Our study not only identifies a novel ApoC1-STAT3 pathway in ccRCC metastasis but also provides direction for the exploration of novel strategies to predict and treat metastatic ccRCC in the future.
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29
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Lee H, Chin H, Kim H, Jung H, Lee D. STAT3-mediated MLST8 gene expression regulates cap-dependent translation in cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1850-1867. [PMID: 32495998 PMCID: PMC7400782 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates cell growth, cell survival, angiogenesis, metastasis of cancer cells, and cancer immune evasion by regulating gene expression as a transcription factor. However, the effect of STAT3 on translation is almost unknown. We demonstrated that STAT3 acts as a trans‐acting factor for MLST8 gene expression and the protein level of mLST8, a core component of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 and 2 (mTORC1/2), positively regulates the mTORC1/2 downstream pathways. Suppression of STAT3 by siRNA attenuated 4E‐BP1 phosphorylation, cap‐dependent translation, and cell proliferation in a variety of cancer cells. In HCT116 cells, STAT3 knockdown‐induced decreases in 4E‐BP1 and AKT phosphorylation levels were further attenuated by MLST8 knockdown or recovered by mLST8 overexpression. STAT3 knockdown‐induced G2/M phase arrest was partially restored by co‐knockdown of 4EBP1, and the attenuation of cell proliferation was enhanced by the expression of an mTORC1‐mediated phosphorylation‐defective mutant of 4E‐BP1. ChIP and promoter mapping using a luciferase reporter assay showed that the −951 to −894 bp of MLST8 promoter seems to include STAT3‐binding site. Overall, these results suggest that STAT3‐driven MLST8 gene expression regulates cap‐dependent translation through 4E‐BP1 phosphorylation in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University Ewhayeodae-gil 52, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunjung Chin
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University Ewhayeodae-gil 52, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Anatomy, and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hosung Jung
- Department of Anatomy, and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daekee Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University Ewhayeodae-gil 52, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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30
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Tantawy MA, El-Sherbeeny NA, Helmi N, Alazragi R, Salem N, Elaidy SM. Synthetic antiprotozoal thiazolide drug induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells: implications of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and p53/caspases-dependent signaling pathways based on molecular docking and in vitro study. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 469:143-157. [PMID: 32356241 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global pressing healthcare priority. Dysregulation of the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 and p53/caspase downstreaming pathways are significantly involved in the progression of CRC, and mainly affecting apoptosis. Discovery of new anti-cancer agents is laborious, time consuming, and costly with obvious socioeconomic burden. In the present study, we are proposing new molecular insights on the anti-proliferative and apoptotic therapeutic effects of nitazoxanide (NTZ) on CRC. NTZ is FDA-approved thiazolide antiparasitic agent, which has excellent safety and pharmacokinetic profiles. The molecular docking study revealed that NTZ has better binding affinity and docking score against JAK2 and BCL2 proteins compared to 5-Fluorouracil, which is the standard drug for treatment of CRC. The current in vitro work on a human HCT116 cell line displayed that NTZ had lower IC50 value (11.20 µM) than 5-flurouracil (23.78 µM), and NTZ induced a statistically significant down-regulation of IL6/JAK2/STAT3. NTZ also modulated significantly the p53/caspases-dependent signaling pathways, leading to enhancement of apoptosis and an increase of DNA fragmentation. Moreover, NTZ regulated the Bcl-2 gene family and promoted the loss of mitochondrial function which was depicted by release of cytochrome c (Cyt c), and caspase activation in apoptotic HCT116 cells. Additionally, NTZ was able to reduce the expression of VEGF in CRC cell line, which needs future thorough molecular investigations. In conclusion, our findings provided a novel evidence that NTZ could be a dual potential IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling inhibitor and p53/caspases-dependent pathway activator in CRC cell line. These potentials support further exploratory molecular researches targeting the therapeutic roles of NTZ in CRC; individually and simultaneously with current approved chemotherapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Tantawy
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt. .,Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt. .,Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Nagla A El-Sherbeeny
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Nawal Helmi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alazragi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neveen Salem
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Narcotics, Ergogenic Aids and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Samah M Elaidy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Feng J, Jiang W, Liu Y, Huang W, Hu K, Li K, Chen J, Ma C, Sun Z, Pang X. Blocking STAT3 by pyrvinium pamoate causes metabolic lethality in KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113960. [PMID: 32298693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) exerts a profound role in regulating mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism. Mitochondrial STAT3 supports RAS-dependent malignant transformation and tumor growth. However, whether pharmacological blockade of STAT3 leads to metabolic lethality in KRAS-mutant lung cancer remains unclear. Pyrvinium pamoate, a clinical antihelminthic drug, preferentially inhibited the growth of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic study revealed that pyrvinium dose-dependently suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 and serine 727. Overexpression mitochondrial STAT3 prominently weakened the therapeutic efficacy of pyrvinium. As a result of targeting STAT3, pyrvinium selectively triggered reactive oxygen species release, depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential and suppressed aerobic glycolysis in KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells. Importantly, the cytotoxic effects of pyrvinium could be significantly augmented by glucose deprivation both in vitro and in a patient-derived lung cancer xenograft mouse model in vivo. The combined efficacy significantly correlated with intratumoural STAT3 suppression. Our findings reveal that KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells are vulnerable to STAT3 inhibition exerted by pyrvinium, providing a promising direction for developing therapies targeting STAT3 and metabolic synthetic lethality for the treatment of KRAS-mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuanJuan Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wanfeng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Kewen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China; Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Chengbin Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Zhenliang Sun
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China.
| | - Xiufeng Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology and School of Life Sciences, Maternity and Infant Health Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal Indeniversity, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Sogawa C, Eguchi T, Tran MT, Ishige M, Trin K, Okusha Y, Taha EA, Lu Y, Kawai H, Sogawa N, Takigawa M, Calderwood SK, Okamoto K, Kozaki KI. Antiparkinson Drug Benztropine Suppresses Tumor Growth, Circulating Tumor Cells, and Metastasis by Acting on SLC6A3/DAT and Reducing STAT3. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E523. [PMID: 32102440 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth, progression, and therapy resistance are crucial factors in the prognosis of cancer. The properties of three-dimensional (3D) tumor-like organoids (tumoroids) more closely resemble in vivo tumors compared to two-dimensionally cultured cells and are therefore effectively used for assays and drug screening. We here established a repurposed drug for novel anticancer research and therapeutics using a 3D tumoroid-based screening system. We screened six pharmacologically active compounds by using an original tumoroid-based multiplex phenotypic screening system with a matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) promoter-driven fluorescence reporter for the evaluation of both tumoroid formation and progression. The antiparkinson drug benztropine was the most effective compound uncovered by the screen. Benztropine significantly inhibited in vitro tumoroid formation, cancer cell survival, and MMP9 promoter activity. Benztropine also reduced the activity of oncogenic signaling transducers and trans-activators for MMP9, including STAT3, NF-κB, and β-catenin, and the properties of cancer stem cells/cancer-initiating cells. Benztropine and GBR-12935 directly targeted the dopamine transporter DAT/SLC6A3, whose genetic alterations such as amplification were correlated with poor prognosis for cancer patients. Benztropine also inhibited the tumor growth, circulating tumor cell (CTC) number, and rate of metastasis in a tumor allograft model in mice. In conclusion, we propose the repurposing of benztropine for anticancer research and therapeutics that can suppress tumor progression, CTC, and metastasis of aggressive cancers by reducing key pro-tumorigenic factors.
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Letra‐Vilela R, Cardoso B, Silva‐Almeida C, Maia Rocha A, Murtinheira F, Branco‐Santos J, Rodriguez C, Martin V, Santa‐Marta M, Herrera F. Can asymmetric post-translational modifications regulate the behavior of STAT3 homodimers? FASEB Bioadv 2020; 2:116-125. [PMID: 32123861 PMCID: PMC7003655 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2019-00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a ubiquitous and pleiotropic transcription factor that plays essential roles in normal development, immunity, response to tissue damage and cancer. We have developed a Venus-STAT3 bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay that allows the visualization and study of STAT3 dimerization and protein-protein interactions in living cells. Inactivating mutations on residues susceptible to post-translational modifications (PTMs) (K49R, K140R, K685R, Y705F and S727A) changed significantly the intracellular distribution of unstimulated STAT3 dimers when the dimers were formed by STAT3 molecules that carried different mutations (ie they were "asymmetric"). Some of these asymmetric dimers changed the proliferation rate of HeLa cells. Our results indicate that asymmetric PTMs on STAT3 dimers could constitute a new level of regulation of STAT3 signaling. We put forward these observations as a working hypothesis, since confirming the existence of asymmetric STAT3 homodimers in nature is extremely difficult, and our own experimental setup has technical limitations that we discuss. However, if our hypothesis is confirmed, its conceptual implications go far beyond STAT3, and could advance our understanding and control of signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Letra‐Vilela
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Beatriz Cardoso
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | - Catarina Silva‐Almeida
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | - Ana Maia Rocha
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | - Fernanda Murtinheira
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Joana Branco‐Santos
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | - Carmen Rodriguez
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) and Departamento de Morfología y Biología CelularFacultad de MedicinaUniversity of OviedoOviedoSpain
| | - Vanesa Martin
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) and Departamento de Morfología y Biología CelularFacultad de MedicinaUniversity of OviedoOviedoSpain
| | - Mariana Santa‐Marta
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
| | - Federico Herrera
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryInstituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica (ITQB‐NOVA)Universidade Nova de LisboaOeirasPortugal
- Cell Structure and Dynamics LaboratoryFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
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Bai L, Zhou H, Xu R, Zhao Y, Chinnaswamy K, McEachern D, Chen J, Yang CY, Liu Z, Wang M, Liu L, Jiang H, Wen B, Kumar P, Meagher JL, Sun D, Stuckey JA, Wang S. A Potent and Selective Small-Molecule Degrader of STAT3 Achieves Complete Tumor Regression In Vivo. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:498-511.e17. [PMID: 31715132 PMCID: PMC6880868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an attractive cancer therapeutic target. Here we report the discovery of SD-36, a small-molecule degrader of STAT3. SD-36 potently induces the degradation of STAT3 protein in vitro and in vivo and demonstrates high selectivity over other STAT members. Induced degradation of STAT3 results in a strong suppression of its transcription network in leukemia and lymphoma cells. SD-36 inhibits the growth of a subset of acute myeloid leukemia and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma cell lines by inducing cell-cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. SD-36 achieves complete and long-lasting tumor regression in multiple xenograft mouse models at well-tolerated dose schedules. Degradation of STAT3 protein, therefore, is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/pathology
- Mice
- Proteolysis/drug effects
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Burden/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Longchuan Bai
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Haibin Zhou
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Renqi Xu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yujun Zhao
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Donna McEachern
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianyong Chen
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chao-Yie Yang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhaomin Liu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mi Wang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hui Jiang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer L Meagher
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeanne A Stuckey
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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35
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Qin W, Tian Y, Zhang J, Liu W, Zhou Q, Hu S, Yang F, Lu L, Lu H, Cui S, Wen L, Wei S. The double inhibition of PDK1 and STAT3-Y705 prevents liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12973. [PMID: 31506552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a key glycolysis enzyme, the significance of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. This study revealed that the prognosis of CRC patients with high levels of PDK1 was poor, and PDK1 knockdown significantly reduced liver metastasis of CRC in both nude mice and immune competent BALB/C mice. When combined with cryptotanshinone (CPT), an inhibitor of STAT3-p-Y705, the liver metastasis was further inhibited. PDK1 knockdown obviously increased reactive oxygen species level in anoikis conditions and subsequently resulted in an elevated anoikis, but the combination of PDK1 knockdown and CPT showed a reduced effect on anoikis. Based on this discrepancy, the adherence ability of CRC cells to matrix protein fibronectin was further detected. It showed that PDK1 knockdown significantly decreased the adherence of CRC cells to fibronectin when combined with CPT. These results suggest that inhibition of PDK1 can decrease the surviving CRC cells in blood circulation via up-regulation of anoikis, and inhibition of STAT3-p-Y705 can prevent it to settle down on the liver premetastatic niche, which ultimately reduces liver metastasis.
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Wang J, Zhou M, Jin X, Li B, Wang C, Zhang Q, Liao M, Hu X, Yang M. Glycochenodeoxycholate induces cell survival and chemoresistance via phosphorylation of STAT3 at Ser727 site in HCC. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2557-2568. [PMID: 31498440 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Maojun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Bingxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Blood Purification Center, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Mingmei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Xuan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology Eight Changsha Hospital Changsha Hunan China
| | - Manyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
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Luo YH, Li JQ, Zhang Y, Wang JR, Xu WT, Zhang Y, Feng YC, Li SZ, Jin CH. Quinalizarin induces cycle arrest and apoptosis via reactive oxygen species-mediated signaling pathways in human melanoma A375 cells. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:1040-1050. [PMID: 31432559 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Quinalizarin, a bioactive and highly selective compound, is known to promote apoptosis in colon and lung cancer cells. However, studies evaluating quinalizarin-induced apoptosis in melanoma cells have not been conducted. In the present study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of antimelanoma activity of quinalizarin in human melanoma A375 cells. The MTT assay and Trypan blue staining were used to evaluate the cell viability. The flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blot was used to detect the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins, MAPK, and STAT3. The results revealed a significant dose and time dependent effect of quinalizarin on inhibiting proliferation in three kinds of human melanoma cells, and had no significant toxic effects on normal cells. Moreover, quinalizarin triggered G2/M phase cell arrest by modulating the protein expression levels of CDK 1/2, cyclin A, cyclin B, p21 and p27, and induced apoptosis by down-regulating the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and upregulating the proapoptotic protein BAD, leading to the activation of caspase-3 and PARP in the caspase cascade in A375 cells. Quinalizarin treatment led to apoptosis of A375 cells via activation of MAPK and inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathways. In addition, quinalizarin increased the level of ROS, but ROS scavenger NAC inhibited quinalizarin-induced apoptosis by regulating MAPK and STAT3 signaling pathways. In summary, quinalizarin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via ROS-mediated MAPK and STAT3 signaling pathways in human melanoma A375 cells, and quinalizarin may be used as a novel and effective antimelanoma therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Luo
- Department of Animal Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jin-Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jia-Ru Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wan-Ting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Chao Feng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shi-Ze Li
- Department of Animal Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.,Department of coarse cereals special medical food basic research, National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
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Pang Y, Wu J, Li X, Wang C, Wang M, Liu J, Yang G. NEAT1/miR‑124/STAT3 feedback loop promotes breast cancer progression. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:745-754. [PMID: 31322202 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The long non‑coding RNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) has important roles in the regulation of multiple cell functions, such as proliferation, apoptosis and migration. However, the mechanism by which NEAT1 regulates breast cancer progression is not well elucidated. In the present study, NEAT1 and microRNA‑124 (miR‑124) levels were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. STAT3 protein levels were detected by western blot analysis. Cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were determined using MTT and colony formation assays, and flow cytometry, respectively. The results demonstrated that NEAT1 and STAT3 expression levels were increased in breast cancer tissues compared with normal breast tissues, whereas miR‑124 expression was significantly decreased. Functional analyses revealed that NEAT1 promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in breast cancer cells. Additionally, NEAT1 and STAT3 expression levels were negatively correlated with miR‑124 levels in breast cancer tissues. A direct interaction between miR‑124, and NEAT1 and STAT3, was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed using a luciferase activity assay. NEAT1 overexpression markedly increased STAT3 protein expression levels, and this effect was reversed by miR‑124 overexpression in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, miR‑124 overexpression partially attenuated the effects of NEAT1 on breast cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. The inhibitory effects of miR‑124 overexpression on the proliferation rate and cell cycle progression were abolished by STAT3 overexpression. In turn, STAT3 silencing inhibited NEAT1 transcription in breast cancer cells. In summary, the present findings revealed that NEAT1 and STAT3 formed a feedback loop via sponging miR‑124 to promote breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Pang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zoucheng People's Hospital, Zoucheng, Shandong 273500, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ganghua Yang
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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Krzyzanowska A, Don‐Doncow N, Marginean FE, Gaber A, Watson RW, Hellsten R, Bjartell A. Expression of tSTAT3, pSTAT3 727 , and pSTAT3 705 in the epithelial cells of hormone-naïve prostate cancer. Prostate 2019; 79:784-797. [PMID: 30905090 PMCID: PMC6766958 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway is observed to be constitutively activated in several malignancies including prostate cancer (PCa). In the present study, we investigated the expression of total STAT3 (tSTAT3) and two forms of activated phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3727 and pSTAT3705 ) in tissue microarrays (TMA) of two cohorts of localized hormone-naïve PCa patients and analyzed associations between the expression and disease outcome. METHODS The expression of tSTAT3, pSTAT3727 , and pSTAT3705 was scored in the nuclei and cytoplasm of prostatic gland epithelial cells in two TMAs of paraffin-embedded prostatic tissue. The TMAs consisted of tissue originated from hormone-naïve radical prostatectomy patients from two different sites: Malmö, Sweden (n = 300) and Dublin, Ireland (n = 99). RESULTS The nuclear expression levels of tSTAT3, pSTAT3727 , and pSTAT3705 in the epithelial cells of benign glands were significantly higher than in the cancerous glands. Cytoplasmic tSTAT3 levels were also higher in benign glands. Patients with low pSTAT3727 and pSTAT3705 levels in the cancerous glands showed reduced times to biochemical recurrence, compared with those with higher levels. No significant trends in nuclear nor in cytoplasmic tSTAT3 were observed in relation to biochemical recurrence in the Malmö cohort. Higher cytoplasmic tSTAT3 was associated with reduced time to biochemical recurrence in the Dublin cohort. Adding the tSTAT3 and pSTAT3 expression data to Gleason score or pathological T stage did not improve their prognostic values. CONCLUSIONS Low pSTAT3727 and pSTAT3705 expression in epithelial cells of cancerous prostatic glands in hormone-naïve PCa was associated with faster disease progression. However, pSTAT3 and tSTAT3 expression did not improve the prognostic value of Gleason score or pathological T stage and may not be a good biomarker in the early hormone naïve stages of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Krzyzanowska
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological CancersLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Nicholas Don‐Doncow
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological CancersLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Felicia Elena Marginean
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological CancersLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Alexander Gaber
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of PathologyLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - R. William Watson
- UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical ResearchUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublinIreland
| | - Rebecka Hellsten
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological CancersLund UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Anders Bjartell
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological CancersLund UniversityMalmöSweden
- Department of UrologyMalmö University HospitalMalmöSweden
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Cocchiola R, Rubini E, Altieri F, Chichiarelli S, Paglia G, Romaniello D, Carissimi S, Giorgi A, Giamogante F, Macone A, Perugia G, Gurtner A, Eufemi M. STAT3 Post-Translational Modifications Drive Cellular Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081815. [PMID: 31013746 PMCID: PMC6514970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT3 is an oncoprotein overexpressed in different types of tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa), and its activity is modulated by a variety of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Prostate cancer represents the most common cancer diagnosed in men, and each phase of tumor progression displays specific cellular conditions: inflammation is predominant in tumor’s early stage, whereas oxidative stress is typical of clinically advanced PCa. The aim of this research is to assess the correspondence between the stimulus-specificity of STAT3 PTMs and definite STAT3-mediated transcriptional programs, in order to identify new suitable pharmacological targets for PCa treatment. Experiments were performed on less-aggressive LNCaP and more aggressive DU-145 cell lines, simulating inflammatory and oxidative-stress conditions. Cellular studies confirmed pY705-STAT3 as common denominator of all STAT3-mediated signaling. In addition, acK685-STAT3 was found in response to IL-6, whereas glutC328/542-STAT3 and pS727-STAT3 occurred upon tert-butyl hydroperoxyde (tBHP) treatment. Obtained results also provided evidence of an interplay between STAT3 PTMs and specific protein interactors such as P300 and APE1/Ref-1. In accordance with these outcomes, mRNA levels of STAT3-target genes seemed to follow the differing STAT3 PTMs. These results highlighted the role of STAT3 and its PTMs as drivers in the progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Cocchiola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Rubini
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabio Altieri
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuliano Paglia
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Stefania Carissimi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Giorgi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alberto Macone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Perugia
- Department of Gynecological-Obstretic Science and Urologic Sciences, Sapienza University, V.le Dell'Università, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Aymone Gurtner
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Eerdunduleng E. circ-LDLRAD3 regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer by miR-876-3p/STAT3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.31491/csrc.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Li J, Liu YY, Yang XF, Shen DF, Sun HZ, Huang KQ, Zheng HC. Effects and mechanism of STAT3 silencing on the growth and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:5575-5582. [PMID: 30344711 PMCID: PMC6176248 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) have roles in various cellular processes, including angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell migration and drug resistance. To clarify the effects of STAT3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms, STAT3 was directly silenced, and the effects of STAT3 silencing on cell proliferation, apoptosis and growth with phenotype-associated molecules were examined.pSH1-Si-STAT3 was successfully transfected into the CRC HCT-116 and SW480 cell lines, which was verified by GFP tagging under a fluorescence microscope. An MTT assay revealed that the proliferation of both cell lines that were transfected with pSH1-Si-STAT3 was significantly suppressed in comparison with the control and mock (P<0.05). Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and flow cytometry indicated that the transfected cell lines had a significantly higher rate of apoptosis than the control- and mock-treated cells (P<0.05). STAT3-silienced cells were also significantly arrested at the G2/M stage compared with the cells that were transfected with control and mock plasmids (P<0.05). At the mRNA level, the expression of STAT3 and survivin was significantly downregulated (P<0.05), but p53 and caspase-3 were significantly upregulated (P<0.05). The significantly different patterns of expression were observed in western blot analysis (P<0.05). The findings of the present study indicate that STAT3 silencing may suppress the proliferation and growth of CRC cells, and induce their apoptosis by upregulating the expression of survivin, p53 and caspase-3. Therefore, STAT3 may be a good candidate for CRC gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - You-Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Liaoyang, Liaoyang, Liaoning 111000, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Feng Yang
- Tumor Basic and Translational Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Dao-Fu Shen
- Tumor Basic and Translational Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhi Sun
- Tumor Basic and Translational Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Qiang Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Chuan Zheng
- Tumor Basic and Translational Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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Li L, Wan G, Han B, Zhang Z. Echinacoside alleviated LPS-induced cell apoptosis and inflammation in rat intestine epithelial cells by inhibiting the mTOR/STAT3 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:622-8. [PMID: 29803175 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory condition of colon and small intestine. Echinacoside (ECH) is a phenylethanoid glycoside that possesses various activities, including anti-inflammatory effect. However, the role of ECH in IBD is unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ECH on LPS-induced rat intestine epithelial cells and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that LPS inhibited cell viability in time- and dose-dependent manners. ECH treatment attenuated the inhibition effect of LPS on cell viability. ECH alleviated LPS-induced apoptosis of rat intestine epithelial cells. ECH attenuated LPS-induced secretion and mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6, but enhanced LPS-induced secretion and mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in IEC-6 cells. The mTOR/STAT3 pathway was activated by LPS, while the activation was inhibited by ECH. Rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTOR, reversed the effect of LPS on rat intestine epithelial cells. In summary, this work suggested that ECH attenuated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in rat intestine epithelial cells via suppressing the mTOR/STAT3 pathway. The findings indicated that ECH might be considered as a potential strategy for the treatment of IBD.
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Cocchiola R, Romaniello D, Grillo C, Altieri F, Liberti M, Magliocca FM, Chichiarelli S, Marrocco I, Borgoni G, Perugia G, Eufemi M. Analysis of STAT3 post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human prostate cancer with different Gleason Score. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42560-42570. [PMID: 28489571 PMCID: PMC5522088 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate Cancer (PCa) is a complex and heterogeneous disease. The androgen receptor (AR) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) could be effective targets for PCa therapy. STAT3, a cytoplasmatic latent transcription factor, is a hub protein for several oncogenic signalling pathways and up-regulates the expression of numerous genes involved in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and cell survival. STAT3 activity can be modulated by several Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) which reflect particular cell conditions and may be implicated in PCa development and progression. The aim of this work was to analyze STAT3 PTMs at different tumor stages and their relationship with STAT3 cellular functions. For this purpose, sixty-five prostatectomy, Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens, classified with different Gleason Scores, were subjected to immunoblotting, immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR analysis. All experiments were carried out in matched non-neoplastic and neoplastic tissues. Data obtained showed different STAT3 PTMs profiles among the analyzed tumor grades which correlate with differences in the amount and distribution of specific STAT3 interactors as well as the expression of STAT3 target genes. These results highlight the importance of PTMs as an additional biomarker for the exactly evaluation of the PCa stage and the optimal treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Cocchiola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Enrico ed Enrica Sovena, Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Grillo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Altieri
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Liberti
- Department of Gynecological-Obstretic Science and Urologic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Massimo Magliocca
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Marrocco
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Borgoni
- Department of Gynecological-Obstretic Science and Urologic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Perugia
- Department of Gynecological-Obstretic Science and Urologic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Eufemi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, Italy
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45
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Nan Y, Wu C, Zhang YJ. Interferon Independent Non-Canonical STAT Activation and Virus Induced Inflammation. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040196. [PMID: 29662014 PMCID: PMC5923490 DOI: 10.3390/v10040196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are a group of secreted proteins that play critical roles in antiviral immunity, antitumor activity, activation of cytotoxic T cells, and modulation of host immune responses. IFNs are cytokines, and bind receptors on cell surfaces to trigger signal transduction. The major signaling pathway activated by IFNs is the JAK/STAT (Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, a complex pathway involved in both viral and host survival strategies. On the one hand, viruses have evolved strategies to escape from antiviral host defenses evoked by IFN-activated JAK/STAT signaling. On the other hand, viruses have also evolved to exploit the JAK/STAT pathway to evoke activation of certain STATs that somehow promote viral pathogenesis. In this review, recent progress in our understanding of the virus-induced IFN-independent STAT signaling and its potential roles in viral induced inflammation and pathogenesis are summarized in detail, and perspectives are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Nan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yan-Jin Zhang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Ray S, Coulter DW, Gray SD, Sughroue JA, Roychoudhury S, McIntyre EM, Chaturvedi NK, Bhakat KK, Joshi SS, McGuire TR, Sharp JG. Suppression of STAT3 NH 2 -terminal domain chemosensitizes medulloblastoma cells by activation of protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 via de-repression by microRNA-21. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:536-548. [PMID: 29280516 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a malignant pediatric brain tumor with poor prognosis. Signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in MB where it functions as an oncoprotein, mediating cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we have delineated the functional role of activated STAT3 in MB, by using a cell permeable STAT3-NH2 terminal domain inhibitor (S3-NTDi) that specifically perturbs the structure/function of STAT3. We have implemented several biochemical experiments using human MB tumor microarray (TMA) and pediatric MB cell lines, derived from high-risk SHH-TP53-mutated and MYC-amplified Non-WNT/SHH tumors. Treatment of MB cells with S3-NTDi leads to growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. S3-NTDi downregulated expression of STAT3 target genes, delayed migration of MB cells, attenuated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expressions and reduced cancer stem-cell associated protein expressions in MB-spheres. To elucidate mechanisms, we showed that S3-NTDi induce expression of pro-apoptotic gene, C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), and decrease association of STAT3 to the proximal promoter of CCND1 and BCL2. Of note, S3-NTDi downregulated microRNA-21, which in turn, de-repressed Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT3 (PIAS3), a negative regulator of STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, combination therapy with S3-NTDi and cisplatin significantly decreased highly aggressive MYC-amplified MB cell growth and induced apoptosis by downregulating STAT3 regulated proliferation and anti-apoptotic gene expression. Together, our results revealed an important role of STAT3 in regulating MB pathogenesis. Disruption of this pathway with S3-NTDi, therefore, may serves as a promising candidate for targeted MB therapy by enhancing chemosensitivity of MB cells and potentially improving outcomes in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Don W Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Shawn D Gray
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jason A Sughroue
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Shrabasti Roychoudhury
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Erin M McIntyre
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Nagendra K Chaturvedi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kishor K Bhakat
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Shantaram S Joshi
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Timothy R McGuire
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - John G Sharp
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Feehan RP, Shantz LM. Molecular signaling cascades involved in nonmelanoma skin carcinogenesis. Biochem J 2016; 473:2973-94. [PMID: 27679857 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20160471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common cancer worldwide and the incidence continues to rise, in part due to increasing numbers in high-risk groups such as organ transplant recipients and those taking photosensitizing medications. The most significant risk factor for NMSC is ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight, specifically UVB, which is the leading cause of DNA damage, photoaging, and malignant transformation in the skin. Activation of apoptosis following UVR exposure allows the elimination of irreversibly damaged cells that may harbor oncogenic mutations. However, UVR also activates signaling cascades that promote the survival of these potentially cancerous cells, resulting in tumor initiation. Thus, the UVR-induced stress response in the skin is multifaceted and requires coordinated activation of numerous pathways controlling DNA damage repair, inflammation, and kinase-mediated signal transduction that lead to either cell survival or cell death. This review focuses on the central signaling mechanisms that respond to UVR and the subsequent cellular changes. Given the prevalence of NMSC and the resulting health care burden, many of these pathways provide promising targets for continued study aimed at both chemoprevention and chemotherapy.
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Wu D, Huang CJ, Khan FA, Jiao XF, Liu XM, Pandupuspitasari NS, Brohi RD, Huo LJ. SENP3 grants tight junction integrity and cytoskeleton architecture in mouse Sertoli cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58430-58442. [PMID: 28938568 PMCID: PMC5601664 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Germ cells develop in a sophisticated immune privileged microenvironment provided by specialized junctions contiguous the basement membrane of the adjacent Sertoli cells that constituted the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in seminiferous epithelium of testis in mammals. Deciphering the molecular regulatory machinery of BTB activity is central to improve male fertility and the role of post-translational modification including SUMOylation pathway is one of the key factors. Herein, we unveiled the mystery of the SUMO-2/3 specific protease SENP3 (Sentrin-specific protease 3) in BTB dynamics regulation. SENP3 is predominantly expressed in the nucleus of Sertoli and spermatocyte cells in adult mouse testis, and knockdown of SENP3 compromises tight junction in Sertoli cells by destructing the permeability function with a concomitant decline in trans-epithelial electrical resistance in primary Sertoli cells, which could attribute to the conspicuous dysfunction of tight junction (TJ) proteins (e.g., ZO-1, occludin) at the cell-cell interface due to the inactivation of STAT3. Moreover, SENP3 knockdown disrupts F-actin architecture in Sertoli cells through intervening Rac1/CDC42-N-WASP-Arp2/3 signaling pathway and Profilin-1 abundance. Our study pinpoints SENP3 might be a novel determinant of multiple pathways governing BTB dynamics in testis to support germ cells development in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Chun-Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Faheem Ahmed Khan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital and Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Rahim Dad Brohi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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Turton KB, Esnault S, Delain LP, Mosher DF. Merging Absolute and Relative Quantitative PCR Data to Quantify STAT3 Splice Variant Transcripts. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27768061 PMCID: PMC5092172 DOI: 10.3791/54473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is one of many genes containing a tandem splicing site. Alternative donor splice sites 3 nucleotides apart result in either the inclusion (S) or exclusion (ΔS) of a single residue, Serine-701. Further downstream, splicing at a pair of alternative acceptor splice sites result in transcripts encoding either the 55 terminal residues of the transactivation domain (α) or a truncated transactivation domain with 7 unique residues (β). As outlined in this manuscript, measuring the proportions of STAT3's four spliced transcripts (Sα, Sβ, ΔSα and ΔSβ) was possible using absolute qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). The protocol therefore distinguishes and measures highly similar splice variants. Absolute qPCR makes use of calibrator plasmids and thus specificity of detection is not compromised for the sake of efficiency. The protocol necessitates primer validation and optimization of cycling parameters. A combination of absolute qPCR and efficiency-dependent relative qPCR of total STAT3 transcripts allowed a description of the fluctuations of STAT3 splice variants' levels in eosinophils treated with cytokines. The protocol also provided evidence of a co-splicing interdependence between the two STAT3 splicing events. The strategy based on a combination of the two qPCR techniques should be readily adaptable to investigation of co-splicing at other tandem splicing sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren B Turton
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison;
| | | | | | - Deane F Mosher
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison
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