1
|
Nakagawa K, Islam MS, Hussain Shah SS, Li Z, Takao Y, Berndtsson R. Relationship between nitrate, heavy metal, and sterols contents in Japanese agricultural soils with risk of groundwater pollution. Chemosphere 2024:142335. [PMID: 38754494 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In Japanese agricultural lands, nitrate-nitrogen contamination of soil and groundwater often occurs due to the application of livestock excrements and compost. Therefore, rural soils in Japan were sampled and analyzed for nitrate-nitrogen leaching, heavy metal content, and sterols associated with livestock excrement and compost to calculate contamination risk indicators. The results were analyzed using self-organizing maps and cluster analysis. Nitrate-nitrogen content using water extraction was detected in most of the sampled soils. In addition, many samples from areas that were already severely contaminated with nitrate-nitrogen showed particularly high concentrations. Coprostanol, an indicator of fecal contamination, was detected in more than half of the samples. The main source of nitrate-nitrogen contamination in these areas is livestock excrement and compost. Self-organization maps showed that areas with high nitrate-nitrogen contamination also corresponded to areas with high copper and zinc soil contents. The self-organization maps and cluster analysis resulted in five clusters: a nitrate-contaminated group mainly originating from livestock excrement and compost, a heavy metal-contaminated group, a general group, a nitrate-contaminated group mainly originating from chemical fertilizers, and a contaminated group with potentially hazardous substances requiring attention. Authorities and decision-makers can use the results to prioritize areas requiring remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nakagawa
- Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - M Shahidul Islam
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Shabbar Hussain Shah
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Zhuolin Li
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yuji Takao
- Institute of Integrated Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Ronny Berndtsson
- Division of Water Resources Engineering & Centre for Advanced Middle Eastern Studies, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee G, Kim K. Remediation of sediments contaminated by harmful heavy metals using aluminum sulfate: Sustainable approach for practical applications. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 202:116345. [PMID: 38583219 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Chemical washing could be suitable for the remediation of marine sediments contaminated with harmful heavy metals. Considering green and sustainable remediation (GSR), the application of aluminum sulfate (AS) is intended to reduce the costs and environmental impacts. We extracted harmful heavy metals from manganese nodules using an ion exchange mechanism that occurs when AS dissociates in water. AS in the range from 2 % to 5 % was used. The remediation efficiencies using 5 % AS were found to be the highest, at 91.8 % for Ni and ≥ 100 % for other harmful heavy metals. The Pearson's coefficient evaluation showed that increasing elapsed time did not significantly affect the extraction of harmful heavy metals. Pollutants in post-processing products may not cause secondary pollutions if solidification/stabilization and additional treatments are used. Our results can serve as fundamental data for the actual remediation processes using AS not only for deep-sea mining tailings but also contaminated marine sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaeun Lee
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; KIOST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoungrean Kim
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; KIOST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), 385, Haeyang-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thabet WM, Moneer AA, Abdelwahab O, Ahdy HHH, Khedawy M, Shabaan NA. Ecological risk assessment of metal pollution in the surface sediments of delta region, Egypt. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:351. [PMID: 38462575 PMCID: PMC10925576 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The surface sediments from eleven sectors perpendicular to the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea coast, along the delta region, have been assessed. These sectors cover areas of Eastern Harbour, Abu Qir Bay, Rosetta, Abo Khashaba, Burullus, Baltim, Damietta, and Manzala. The assessment process is based on determining the eight metals' (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Co, Pb, and Cd) content, followed by applying different pollution and ecological risk indices such as enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation factor (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), degree of contamination (Cdeg.), Nemerow Integrated Pollution Index (NIPI), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI). The results indicate the average concentrations of metals (μg/g) were Fe (18,000), Mn (213), Zn (120), Ni (26), Co (13), Cu (12), Pb (10), and Cd (2). The single-pollution indices reveal that most metals were depleted to metal levels, the sediments were moderately polluted with Cd and unpolluted with other metals, and the CF values confirmed that the sediments were highly polluted with Cd and low contaminated with the rest of the metals. According to the integrated pollution indices, the Eastern Harbour, Damietta, Manzalah, and Bardawil (eastern Inlet) are the most polluted sectors relative to the rest, subjected to various point sources of pollution. Drainage management system is recommended to enhance water conservation and improve fish stocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M Thabet
- Marine Pollution Lab, Marine Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abeer A Moneer
- Marine Pollution Lab, Marine Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Abdelwahab
- Marine Pollution Lab, Marine Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda H H Ahdy
- Marine Pollution Lab, Marine Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Khedawy
- Marine Pollution Lab, Marine Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nashwa A Shabaan
- Oceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Castillo AB, El-Azhary M, Sorino C, LeVay L. Potential ecological risk assessment of microplastics in coastal sediments: Their metal accumulation and interaction with sedimentary metal concentration. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167473. [PMID: 37778558 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution in sediments has long been recognized, while sediments are also a long-term sink for microplastics (MPs). MPs may also adsorb environmental pollutants, including metals, as well as leaching polymer components and chemicals used during production. A comprehensive survey of 21 locations around Qatari coastline investigated abundance of MPs in high-shore intertidal sediments and concentration of metals both on MPs and sediment particles. MPs abundance ranged from 3 to 156 MPs particles·kg-1 (12-624 MPs particles·m-2) with polyethylene being the most abundant (27.4 %). MPs showed physical morphologies, with 76 % displayed signs of chemical degradation as confirmed by the carbonyl absorption peak profile, possibly due to exposure to harsh environmental conditions on the Arabian Gulf shores. Most metals analyzed were found at higher concentrations in sediments than the same metals adsorbed to MPs. The average metal concentration ranged from 0.26 (Cd) to 3122.62 μg∙g-1 (Sr) in sediments while 0.22 (Mo) to 30.26 μg∙g-1 (Sr) in MPs. The calculated metal Pollution Load Index (Sed PLI, range 0.57-2.38) for sediments indicates unpolluted to moderately polluted levels, while the Potential Ecological Risk Index (Sed PERI, range 6.9-2220) indicates a relatively considerable ecological risk for metal pollution in sediments in some of the coastal areas surveyed. PLI values calculated for metals associated with MPs (MPs PLI, range 1.1-7.5), suggests relatively moderate pollution, while the PERI for metals in MPs (MPs PERI, range 25.2-1811) has similar ecological risk in terms of metal pollutants in MPs as for sediments. This may be effective in providing relative spatial indices of pollution load and risk for metals associated with MPs, which could potentially inform establishment of an appropriate assessment framework, where MPs are increasingly abundant in coastal sediments. However, this does not account for the relatively lower abundance of MPs compared to sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marwa El-Azhary
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Caesar Sorino
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Lewis LeVay
- Centre for Applied Marine Sciences, School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5EY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li C, Zhang Y, Chen R, Wang N, Liu J, Liu F. Influence of mineralized organic carbon in marine sediments on ecological heavy metal risk: Bohai Bay case study. Environ Res 2024; 240:117542. [PMID: 37914009 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The organic matter in sediments can mineralize over time, which impacts the morphology of the heavy metals therein, which in turn affects the assessment of the risks posed by heavy metals. We used the sediments of Bohai Bay as the study object and analyzed the effects of different organic carbon mineralization levels on the concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd) using water extraction and potassium permanganate oxidation. The mean concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in Bohai Bay were within the limits recommended by the World Health Organization. The proportions of the active and inert organic carbon fractions were 61.72% and 32.94%, respectively. Organic carbon mineralization most strongly impacted Cd and Pb levels, with releases accounting for 47.92% and 25.75%, respectively, of the oxidizable fractions. The release of all heavy metals, except for Cr, increased with increases in organic carbon mineralization, and heavy metals were released at a maximum rate of 12.94% when the organic carbon was highly mineralized, whereas Cr was released at a maximum of 0.023% during the first stage of organic carbon mineralization. In terms of spatial distribution, the concentration of mineralizable organic carbon in the sediments of the estuaries was substantially higher than that in other marine areas. Estuary sediments were more easily affected by organic carbon mineralization; therefore, the heavy metals in the oxidizable fraction of the estuarine region were more easily transformed into unstable heavy metal forms, posing high risk levels. Therefore, this study highlights the effects of organic carbon mineralization on heavy metal morphology and stability, when evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in marine sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congxiao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology / School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China; Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Nayu Wang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center (Tianjin) for Hazardous Waste Disposal, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Tianjin Lishen Battery Joint-Stock Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300392, China
| | - Fude Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology / School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Niu S, Xia Y, Yang C, Liu C. Impacts of the steel industry on sediment pollution by heavy metals in urban water system. Environ Pollut 2023; 335:122364. [PMID: 37580006 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the steel industry on sediment heavy metal (HM) pollution in urban aquatic environments was investigated in a major iron ore-producing area (Ma'anshan) in China. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 9.68 ± 3.56, 170.31 ± 82.40, 90.62 ± 19.54, 30.61 ± 6.72, 125.43 ± 63.60, and 1276.59 ± 701.90 mg/kg in the steel industry intruded upon sediments and 4.63 ± 1.41, 87.60 ± 10.96, 52.67 ± 19.99, 37.49 ± 6.17, 35.84 ± 11.41, and 189.02 ± 95.57 mg/kg in the control area, respectively. Comparing with the local soil background (0.08 mg/kg for Cd, 62.6 mg/kg for Cr, 19.3 mg/kg for Cu, 28.1 mg/kg for Ni, 26.0 mg/kg for Pb, and 58.0 mg/kg for Zn), significantly higher levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were detected in the steel industry affected sediments. The enrichment factor and principal component analysis indicated that the heavy metals (HMs), except for Ni, were primarily derived from anthropogenic inputs, particularly from steel industrial activities. Multiple risk assessment models suggested that the sediments affected by industrial activities showed significant toxic effects for Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn, with Cd being the main contributor to sediment toxicity. However, the alkaline nature of the sediments (pH = 7.85 ± 0.57) and the high proportion of residual fraction Cd (61.09% ± 26.64%) may help to reduce the toxic risks in the sediments. Effective measures to eliminate tinuous thethe continous input of Cd and Zn via surface runoff are crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siping Niu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'ansh, 243002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanrong Xia
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'ansh, 243002, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihe Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'ansh, 243002, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoge Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'ansh, 243002, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sultana Z, Rehman MYA, Khan HK, Malik RN. Health risk assessment associated with heavy metals through fractioned dust from coal and chromite mines in Pakistan. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:1617-1633. [PMID: 35552963 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals exposure through dust emissions pose a health risk to workers in coal and chromite mines. The processes involved in mining are noteworthy for the generation of heavy metal-contaminated dust which causes human health implications, especially to the workers that are mainly exposed to such toxins. This study determined pollution levels in coal and chromite mines and calculated the health risk of workers being exposed to heavy metal-contaminated dust. We used fractioned dust with particle sizes < 75, 75-106, and 107-150 µm to assess the pollution levels, anthropogenic impacts, geo-accumulation index, and enrichment factor for selected coal and chromite mines. Through a probabilistic approach, Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine health risks. The findings revealed that the smallest size dust fraction (< 75 μm) contained the highest metal concentrations. Ingestion was considered a prominent exposure route contributing to health risk. In the dust fraction (< 75 μm), chromite mines exhibited the highest Cr (340.6 mg/kg) and lowest Cd (8.4 mg/kg) concentrations. In coal mines, Mn (284.9 mg/kg) and Cd (2.1 mg/kg) were measured highest and lowest, respectively. Pollution assessment revealed dust to be moderately polluted. Health risk assessment showed that Cr in chromite mines exhibited a mean HI value of 1.16E + 00 that was higher than the safe level (HI > 1) having the potential to cause significant health risk to workers. In coal mines, the estimated total HI was 6E-1. Sensitivity analysis revealed concentration and exposure time to be the most influential parameters contributing to risk. Therefore, governmental and nongovernmental organizations must develop dust pollution control guidelines and mitigation measures to safeguard the health of mineworkers by limiting heavy metal exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Sultana
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hudda Khaleeq Khan
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Valdés J, Ortlieb L, Sifeddine A, Castillo A. Human-induced metals accumulation in sediments of an industrialized bay of northern Chile. An enrichment and ecological risk assessment based on preindustrial values. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 189:114723. [PMID: 36848787 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmental assessment in marine systems is difficult because most of the time their preindustrial characteristics are not available. Four sediment cores taken in Mejillones bay (northern Chile) were used to establish preindustrial metals concentrations, and to assess the environmental status of this industrialized zone. According to historical documents, the beginning of the industrial era start in 1850 CE. Considering this, the preindustrial concentration of some metals was established, by mean of a statistical approach. Most of the metals increase their concentration from the preindustrial to the industrial period. Environmental assessment showed an enrichment of Zr and Cr, a moderately polluted condition, and a low probability of toxic effect on the biological communities. The preindustrial values derived from sediment cores are a good tool to evaluate the environmental condition of Mejillones bay. However new information (backgrounds with a higher spatial representativity, toxicological threshold, and others) it is necessary to improve the environmental assessment of this environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Valdés
- Laboratorio de Sedimentología y Paleoambientes (LASPAL), Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Biológicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Chile.
| | - Luc Ortlieb
- LOCEAN - IPSL UMR 7159, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement-Sorbonne Université (Université P. et M. Curie, Paris 06)-CNRS/UPMC/IRD, IRD, France
| | - A Sifeddine
- LOCEAN - IPSL UMR 7159, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement-Sorbonne Université (Université P. et M. Curie, Paris 06)-CNRS/UPMC/IRD, IRD, France; ERC2-Université de Quisqueya-Port au Prince, Haiti
| | - A Castillo
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Campus San Miguel, Talca, Chile; J'EAI-CHARISMA (UMNG-Colombia, UPCH-Perú, IGP-Peru, UCM-Chile, UCh-Chile, UA-Chile, IRD-France), Colombia; ANID-Millenium Science Initiative Program Nucleo Milenio UPWELL, La Serena, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang F, Chen C. GIS-based approach and multivariate statistical analysis for identifying sources of heavy metals in marine sediments from the coast of Hong Kong. Environ Monit Assess 2023; 195:518. [PMID: 36976384 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hong Kong is an urbanized coastal city which experiences substantially different metal loads from anthropogenic activities. This study was aimed at analyzing the spatial distribution and pollution evaluation of ten selected heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, Zn, Fe, V) in the coastal sediments of Hong Kong. The distribution of heavy metal pollution in sediments has been analyzed using the geographic information system (GIS) technique, and their pollution degrees, corresponding potential ecological risks and source identifications, have been studied by applying the enrichment factor (EF) analysis, contamination factor (CF) analysis, potential ecological risk index (PEI), and integrated multivariate statistical methods, respectively. Firstly, the GIS technique was used to access the spatial distribution of the heavy metals; the result revealed that pollution trend of these metals was decreased from the inner to the outer coast sites of the studied area. Secondly, combining the EF analysis and CF analysis, we found that the pollution degree of heavy metals followed the order of Cu > Cr > Cd > Zn > Pb > Hg > Ni > Fe > As > V. Thirdly, the PERI calculations showed that Cd, Hg, and Cu were the most potential ecological risk factors compared to other metals. Finally, cluster analysis combined with principal component analysis showed that Cr, Cu, Hg, and Ni might originate from the industrial discharges and shipping activities. V, As, and Fe were mainly derived from the natural origin, whereas Cd, Pb, and Zn were identified from the municipal discharges and industrial wastewater. In conclusion, this work should be helpful in the establishment of strategies for contamination control and optimization of industrial structures in Hong Kong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengwen Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang W, Lin C, Wang L, Jiang R, Huang H, Liu Y, Lin H. Contamination, sources and health risks of potentially toxic elements in the coastal multimedia environment of South China. Sci Total Environ 2023; 862:160735. [PMID: 36493820 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems are vulnerable to the accumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which pose a threat to marine ecosystems and human health. In this study, the concentrations of eight PTEs in a typical area of South China were analysed, and their distributions, seasonal variations, pollution degrees, potential health risks and sources in seawater, sediment and organisms were evaluated. The comprehensive pollution index (CPI), pollution load index (PLI), potential ecological risk index (PERI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) were applied to assess seawater, sediment and organism quality, respectively. The annual mean concentrations of Zn, Hg, Cr and As in the bottom seawater were higher than those in the surface water while those of Pb, Mn and Cu were higher in the surface seawater. The mean content of Hg was higher than the corresponding background value of that in China Shelf Sea sediment. Marine organisms have a high enrichment capacity for Cu, Zn, Cr, Hg, As and Mn in seawater. Based on CPI, the seawater was generally not polluted by PTEs. The PLI and PERI results demonstrated that Hg was the main contamination element in surface sediment. The total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) analysis illustrated that long-term consumption of some fish by children poses a noncarcinogenic health risk, while that risk to adults is negligible. Natural sources, agricultural activity sources, coal burning and industrial emission sources were the main sources of the PTEs in surface sediments according to positive matrix factorization (PMF) model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weili Wang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Cai Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Ronggen Jiang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Haining Huang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Toro-Valdivieso C, Jugdaohsingh R, Powell JJ, Hoffman JI, Forcada J, Moore C, Blacklaws B. Heavy metal contamination in pristine environments: lessons from the Juan Fernandez fur seal ( Arctocephalus philippii philippii). R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:221237. [PMID: 36998770 PMCID: PMC10049756 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.221237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, including mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd), occur naturally or anthropogenically and are considered toxic to the environment and human health. However, studies on heavy metal contamination focus on locations close to industrialized settlements, while isolated environments with little human activity are often ignored due to perceived low risk. This study reports heavy metal exposure in Juan Fernandez fur seals (JFFS), a marine mammal endemic to an isolated and relatively pristine archipelago off the coast of Chile. We found exceptionally high concentrations of Cd and Hg in JFFS faeces. Indeed, they are among the highest reported for any mammalian species. Following analysis of their prey, we concluded that diet is the most likely source of Cd contamination in JFFS. Furthermore, Cd appears to be absorbed and incorporated into JFFS bones. However, it was not associated with mineral changes observed in other species, suggesting Cd tolerance/adaptations in JFFS bones. The high levels of silicon found in JFFS bones may counteract the effects of Cd. These findings are relevant to biomedical research, food security and the treatment of heavy metal contamination. It also contributes to understanding the ecological role of JFFS and highlights the need for surveillance of apparently pristine environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravin Jugdaohsingh
- Biominerals Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Jonathan J. Powell
- Biominerals Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Joseph I. Hoffman
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
- Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33501, Germany
| | - Jaume Forcada
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Charles Moore
- Algalita Marine Research Foundation, 148N Marina Dr, Long Beach, CA 90803, USA
| | - Barbara Blacklaws
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Turner A, Keene J. Glass microbeads in coastal sediments as a proxy for traffic-related particulate contamination. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 188:114663. [PMID: 36739713 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Retroreflective glass microbeads used in road markings have been characterised and subsequently identified in urban coastal sediments. Clear or translucent silica beads range in diameter from about 30 to 700 μm and readily break from the matrix of detached or damaged markings on abrasion. At an urban location close to the city centre of Plymouth, southwest England, and in an estuary below a large road bridge, microbeads were detected in nearly all intertidal sediments analysed (n = 18) and at concentrations up to about 550 kg-1 dw. At a location not immediately impacted by major roads, beads were entirely absent from sediments (n = 9). With a size range and density similar to silt-sand, glass beads appear to accumulate in sediment subject to road runoff and act as persistent proxies for traffic-related contamination. Although beads are unlikely to be inherently toxic, they may serve as indicators of more harmful chemicals in road dust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - James Keene
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Trevizani TH, Domit C, Santos MCDO, Figueira RCL. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in estuaries in the southwest Atlantic Ocean. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:26703-26717. [PMID: 36370314 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23974-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The southwestern Atlantic Ocean is home to highly productive regions, composed of a mosaic of both protected and anthropogenically impacted areas, including the estuaries of Paranaguá, Cananéia, and Santos. In this study, concentrations of metals were measured in sediments and in marine organisms, collected from these three Brazilian estuaries. The higher concentrations of metals in the sediments from the Santos estuary are due to having the greatest intensity of anthropogenic activities. There is bioaccumulation of As, Cu, Ni, and Pb in benthic invertebrates, As in fish, and Se and Zn in all studied trophic groups. Comparing the biota among estuaries, levels were highest for Cr, Cu, Pb, Se, and Zn in Paranaguá, As in Cananéia, and Ni in Santos; results justified due to anthropogenic activities, natural sources, and geochemical and hydrodynamics characteristics of each region that affect the bioavailability of metals. The results showed that these regions of the Atlantic present higher levels of metals in the biota than several coastal regions worldwide, and signal that food security may be compromised. Highlighting the need for better impact assessment, monitoring, and managing is deemed necessary as these regions are globally recognized as hotspots of biodiversity and are considered priority areas for conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Domit
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação - Centro de Estudos Do Mar, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Pontal Do Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang T, Ru X, Deng B, Zhang C, Wang X, Yang B, Zhang L. Evidence that offshore wind farms might affect marine sediment quality and microbial communities. Sci Total Environ 2023; 856:158782. [PMID: 36116636 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Offshore wind power is a typical example of clean energy production and plays a critical role in achieving carbon neutrality. Offshore wind farms can have an impact on the marine environment, especially sedimentary environments, but their influence on sediments remain largely unknown. This study, which uses the control-impact principle to define different areas, investigated the characteristics of marine sediments under the Putidao offshore wind farm in Bohai Bay, China. We used chemical and microbiological observations to evaluate sediment quality and microbial community structure. According to both the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF) indexes, copper, chromium and zinc were the major contaminants in the offshore wind farm sediments. The pollution load index (PLI) index showed that the various sites on the wind farm were only lightly polluted compared with baseline values. Closer to the wind farm's center, the metal concentrations started to rise. The physicochemical features of the sediments could better explain changes in the microorganisms present, and screening the microbiomes showed a correlation with heavy metal levels, linking the relative abundance of microorganisms to the sediment quality index. This comprehensive study fills a knowledge gap in China and adds to our understanding of how to assess the sedimentary environments of offshore wind farms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaoshang Ru
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Beini Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang B, Cui J, Ran Y, Chen C, Li F, Zhang Y, Li Z, Xie E. Mechanism of macroalgae Gracilaria bailiniae responding to cadmium and lanthanum. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1076526. [PMID: 36531398 PMCID: PMC9756850 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1076526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae can accumulate a wide array of metals, leading to their appliance as biomonitors of aquatic environments. With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural-based activities, Cd pollution in aquatic environments is considered an increasingly severe problem worldwide. Although La could alleviate the Cd stress in higher terrestrial plants, the response mechanisms of macroalgae to Cd and La are unknown. Along these lines, in this work, Cd significantly affected the growth, internal cellular structure, photosynthesis, pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and lipid peroxidation level of G. bailiniae. However, the presence of La alleviated these adverse effects from Cd. Furthermore, the response mechanism of G. bailiniae to Cd was attributed to the self-antioxidant ability enhancement, membrane defense, and programmed-cellular regulation. However, the presence of La mediated the biosynthesis of both flavonoids and lipids, which inhibited the Cd accumulation, modulated algal stress signalling networks, renewed the impaired chlorophyll molecule, maintained the activity of the crucial enzyme, enhanced antioxidant ability, and maintained the stabilization of redox homeostasis, alleviating the adverse impact from Cd and improve the growth of G. bailiniae. The experimental results successfully demonstrate a new detoxicant to alleviate Cd stress, promoting a more comprehensive array of macroalgal applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Huang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Marine Ecology Environment Monitoring and Warning, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianjun Cui
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Ran
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunli Chen
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Feng Li
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Marine Ecology Environment Monitoring and Warning, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Marine Ecology Environment Monitoring and Warning, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zailiang Li
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Enyi Xie
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang W, Jiang R, Lin C, Wang L, Liu Y, Lin H. Multivariate statistical analysis of potentially toxic elements in the sediments of Quanzhou Bay, China: Spatial relationships, ecological toxicity and sources identification. Environ Res 2022; 213:113750. [PMID: 35753378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the spatial distribution, pollution degree, ecological toxicity and possible sources of seven potentially toxic elements (PTEs) collected from the surface sediments of Quanzhou Bay (QZB) were analyzed by obtaining concentration measurements. The results indicated that the areas with high Cu, Pb, Zn and Hg concentrations were mainly located in the Luoyang River estuary, while the areas with high contents of Cd and As appeared in the Luoyang River estuary area and in the southern part of QZB, respectively. The contamination indices showed that the Cd pollution degree was slight to serious, while other elements were slightly enriched. The calculation results of the potential ecological risk index (RI) and toxic risk index (TRI) indicated that Cd was the main element posing ecological risk among the PTEs of sediments in QZB, followed by Hg. Moreover, in approximately 30% of the surveyed sites, PTEs exhibited low toxicity to aquatic ecosystems. Finally, the self-organizing map (SOM) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model were used to determine the PTEs sources. Natural sources, industrial emissions, and the combustion of fossil fuels were three main sources for PTEs in the surface sediments of QZB. This study provides a reference for assessing sediment pollution and managing marine pollution in QZB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ronggen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Cai Lin
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Farhat HI, Gad A, Saleh A, Abd El Bakey SM. Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements’ Contamination in the Egyptian Red Sea Surficial Sediments. Land 2022; 11:1560. [DOI: 10.3390/land11091560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The potential impact of tourism, industrial, and urban activities on Egypt’s Red Sea coastline, which is well-known for its economic and environmental importance, was investigated at fifteen coastal sites. In the present study, the concentration of cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in marine sediments from these sites, was determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometers (ICP-MS). In detail, various pollution indices, statistical analyses, and spatial distribution patterns were used to assess the pollution status, impacts of human activities, ecological risks, and sources of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in surface marine sediment. A detailed comparison with up-to-date data was conducted. These sediments were composed predominantly of fine and very fine sands. Mean grain size distribution typically depends on the source of the sediment from the following two prime sources: terrigenous (autochthonous) and biogenic (allochthonous). The detected PTE mean concentrations were as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Co > Cu > Cd. Multivariate statistical analysis results revealed their close distribution and association. Cd and Pb levels in the studied area have been slightly impacted by anthropogenic inputs. According to the calculated pollution indices, although a minimal or moderate contamination degree was detected in the study area, it was determined that there was a low to moderate ecological risk. The slightly high degree of contamination and risk centered in the middle of the study area around phosphate mining and related activities. More attention should be given to the concentrations and sources of Cd, Ni, and Pb as the main pollution factors.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang C, Wang L, Liu Y, Shan B, Sun D. Spatial Distribution, Potential Risks and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in the Coastal Sediments of the Northern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191610205. [PMID: 36011836 PMCID: PMC9408468 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Thirty samples of surface sediments (0-5 cm) from the northern Beibu Gulf were analyzed to determine the spatial distribution, potential risks and sources of six heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb). The concentrations (mg/kg, dw) of Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were 15.38 ± 6.06, 6.54 ± 3.23, 41.86 ± 17.03, 6.92 ± 2.75, 0.04 ± 0.02 and 17.13 ± 6.38, respectively. Higher levels of Cr, Cu, Cd and Zn were observed in the western part of the study area. According to the potential ecological risk indexes and sediment quality guidelines, the measured metals were assessed at low contamination levels, with Pb posing the largest ecological risks. The results of positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated that Cr and Zn mainly originated from natural geological background sources, while Cu, As, Cd and Pb were influenced by anthropogenic sources such as atmospheric deposition and anthropogenic activities. These three sources contributed 60.4%, 28.1% and 11.5% of the heavy metals, respectively. In addition, further research should be conducted focusing on the general relationships between As and various controls in sediments of the northern Beibu Gulf.
Collapse
|
19
|
Duman M, Kucuksezgin F, Eronat AH, Talas E, İlhan T, Aydın Ş. Combining single and complex indices of pollution with grain size trend analysis of surficial sediments in Edremit Gulf, western Turkey. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:55609-55629. [PMID: 35322362 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pollution risk assessment of heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, As) in sediment samples from 68 locations in the Gulf of Edremit, western Turkey, was performed using single and complex indices of pollution assessment approaches. The pollution indices used in the sediment analyses included pollution load index, contamination factor, contamination degree for individual metals, geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factors, toxic risk index, modified pollution index, frequency of adverse biological effects (TEL-PEL), percent incidence of biological effects (ERL-ERM), and total risk quotients. Results indicated a low degree of contamination for the entire surveyed area except moderate contamination factor for arsenic using single indices. Enrichment factors and geoaccumulation indices indicated moderate to significant enrichment and uncontaminated to moderately contaminated both for arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), respectively. According to the results of ecological risk assessment based on TELs and PELs, the adverse biological effects of heavy metals on aquatic organisms; are for As, Cr, Ni frequently, Cu and Pb occasionally, and Zn rare. The toxic risk index values displayed low to considerably toxic risk for the entire Gulf and calculated toxic risk index results showed that arsenic accounted for most of the entire sediment toxicity. Transport patterns of sediment grain size trend analyses were correlated with the results of pollution assessment models. Transport trends are compatible with the sources of lithogenic, anthropogenic, mining activities and wastewater treatment/geothermal originated arsenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Duman
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylül University, Balçova-İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Filiz Kucuksezgin
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylül University, Balçova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Atilla Hüsnü Eronat
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylül University, Balçova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Talas
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylül University, Balçova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Tarık İlhan
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylül University, Balçova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Şenol Aydın
- Office of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography, Turkish Naval Forces, 34085, Çubuklu-İstanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dimiza MD, Triantaphyllou MV, Portela M, Koukousioura O, Karageorgis AP. Response of Living Benthic Foraminifera to Anthropogenic Pollution and Metal Concentrations in Saronikos Gulf (Greece, Eastern Mediterranean). Minerals 2022; 12:591. [DOI: 10.3390/min12050591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The Saronikos Gulf, including the industrial zone of Elefsis Bay, is subjected to a variety of urban and industrial impacts that significantly contribute to environmental degradation. Benthic foraminifera comprise a significant component of meiobenthic communities and they are widely used as reliable indicators for the determination of the natural environmental and anthropogenic impact in shallow coastal systems. The present study analyses the living benthic foraminifera composition and its relation to environmental parameters such as grain size, organic carbon content, and heavy metal concentrations, from the surficial sediment layer collected in the Elefsis Bay and the Inner Saronikos Gulf in February 2016. Canonical correspondence analysis and Spearman’s rho correlation show that the foraminiferal species composition is significantly influenced by the increase of organic carbon and Cu, Pb, Zn content. In particular, a relatively low diversity fauna dominated by the stress-tolerant species Ammonia tepida, Bulimina elongata, Bulimina marginata, and Nonionella turgida occurs in the restricted environment of the Elefsis Bay, demonstrating the negative environmental impact caused by the relatively elevated organic carbon and heavy metal contents.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kucuksezgin F, Pazi I, Gonul LT. Environmental impact of fish farming: assessment of metal contamination and sediment geochemistry at three aquaculture areas from the eastern Aegean coast. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:313. [PMID: 35355139 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metal contamination and geochemistry of surface sediments were assessed at three aquaculture sites from the eastern Aegean coast. The chlorophyll degradation products and organic carbon levels were used as indicators of eutrophication status. In Akköy, higher Hg, Pb, and Cd levels were observed around the cages, while maximum concentrations of other elements were determined at stations situated near the Büyük Menderes River estuary. Metal concentrations were less than the central Aegean coast background levels other than Zn, Ni, and Cr in Akköy. Several approximations have been utilized to evaluate potential toxicity of sediments and sediment quality guidelines (SQG) were used to estimate the risks for aquatic life. Ni was the only metal with concentrations exceeding all SQG values, which indicates the highest adverse biological effect in Ildır, Akköy, and occasionally toxic in Güllük. Based on QPEL and QTEL, Ni and Cr were the predominant metal contaminants in all areas. Similarly, Cr and Ni account for the most of the all sediment toxicity in the aquaculture areas according to toxic risk index. It is concluded that sediments around the fish farms are affected by growing input of elements because of aquaculture activity. The levels of chlorophyll degradation products showed oligotrophic and mesotrophic conditions in the three studied aquaculture areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Kucuksezgin
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, 35340, Turkey.
| | - Idil Pazi
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | - L Tolga Gonul
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang W, Lin C, Wang L, Jiang R, Liu Y, Lin H, Chen J. Effects of Human Activities on the Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk and Sources of PTEs in Coastal Sediments. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182312476. [PMID: 34886201 PMCID: PMC8657197 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) have attracted substantial attention because of their widespread sources, long residue time and easy accumulation. PTEs in the surface sediments of inshore waters are strongly affected by human activities because these waters are a zone of interaction between the ocean and land. In the present study, to explore the environmental geochemical behaviour and source of PTEs in the surface sediments of coastal waters, the contents and spatial distributions of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different regions of Xiamen Bay were investigated. The data were processed by multivariate statistical methods, and the distribution characteristics of PTEs in the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay were analysed. In addition, the pollution load index (PLI), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological index(RI) were used to evaluate the pollution degree and potential risk in the surface sediments of Xiamen Bay, and the positive matrix factorisation (PMF) model was used to analyse the source. The results show that Zn had the highest mean concentration, followed by Pb, Cr, Cu, As, Cd and Hg, among the seven PTEs. The mean contents of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and Hg, and especially Hg and Cd, were higher than the corresponding environmental background values. The average PLI value indicated that the Xiamen Bay sediment was moderately contaminated by PTEs. The Igeo results showed that Xiamen Bay was moderately to strongly polluted by Cd and Hg. The proportions of samples with low, medium and strong risk levels were 11.63%, 74.42%, and 13.95% in surface sediments, respectively. PMF models showed that the input of chemical fertilizer and medication, anthropogenic atmospheric components and terrestrial detritus were the main sources of PTEs in the surface sediment of Xiamen Bay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weili Wang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (R.J.); (Y.L.); (H.L.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cai Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (R.J.); (Y.L.); (H.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Ronggen Jiang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (R.J.); (Y.L.); (H.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (R.J.); (Y.L.); (H.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Hui Lin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (R.J.); (Y.L.); (H.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinmin Chen
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (R.J.); (Y.L.); (H.L.); (J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Areco MM, Salomone VN, Afonso MDS. Ulva lactuca: A bioindicator for anthropogenic contamination and its environmental remediation capacity. Mar Environ Res 2021; 171:105468. [PMID: 34507027 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Coastal regions are subjected to degradation due to anthropogenic pollution. Effluents loaded with variable concentrations of heavy metal, persistent organic pollutant, as well as nutrients are discharged in coastal areas leading to environmental degradation. In the past years, many scientists have studied, not only the effect of different contaminants on coastal ecosystems but also, they have searched for organisms tolerant to pollutants that can be used as bioindicators or for biomonitoring purposes. Furthermore, many researchers have demonstrated the capacity of different marine organisms to remove heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants, as well as to reduce nutrient concentration, which may lead to eutrophication. In this sense, Ulva lactuca, a green macroalgae commonly found in coastal areas, has been extensively studied for its capacity to accumulate pollutants; as a bioindicator; as well as for its remediation capacity. This paper aims to review the information published regarding the use of Ulva lactuca in environmental applications. The review was focused on those studies that analyse the role of this macroalga as a biomonitor or in bioremediation experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María M Areco
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental -IIIA, UNSAM, CONICET, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. CONICET, Argentina.
| | - Vanesa N Salomone
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental -IIIA, UNSAM, CONICET, 3iA, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. CONICET, Argentina
| | - María Dos Santos Afonso
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón II 3er Piso, Int. Guiraldes, 2160, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen Q, Huang F, Cai A. Spatiotemporal Trends, Sources and Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments of Weitou Bay, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18189562. [PMID: 34574485 PMCID: PMC8472596 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals are extremely harmful materials to marine ecosystems and human health. To determine the anthropogenic contributions and ecological risks in Weitou Bay, China, the spatiotemporal variations in the concentrations of heavy metals in surface sediment were investigated during spring 2008 and 2017. The results indicated that high concentrations of pollutants were generally located near the river mouths and along the coast of industrial areas. Principal component analysis indicated that heavy metal contents were mainly affected by industrial waste drainage, urban development, natural weathering and erosion, and interactions between organic matter and sulfides. The potential ecological risk assessment demonstrated that, in 2008, 82% of the sampling sites were at low risk, while 18% were at moderate risk. The situation had deteriorated slightly by 2017, with 73%, 18%, and 9% of stations in Waytou Bay at low, moderate, and very high risk, respectively. Cd was the most harmful metal, followed by Hg. These two elements accounted for more than 80% of the potential ecological risk index (RI) value. The present work analyzed the source of heavy metals, identified the major pollution elements and high risk areas, and provides guidance for pollution control and ecological restoration in Weitou Bay.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ben Mna H, Helali MA, Oueslati W, Amri S, Aleya L. Spatial distribution, contamination assessment and potential ecological risk of some trace metals in the surface sediments of the Gulf of Tunis, North Tunisia. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 170:112608. [PMID: 34153854 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the trace metals contamination status in the Gulf of Tunis, forty one sediment samples were analyzed using different approaches. According to certain contamination and ecological risk indices (Contamination Factor, Geoaccumulation index and Ecological risk index), Hg has the highest contamination level while pollution by Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr was absent. The highest concentrations of trace metals were found in sediments collected from the offshore and coastal areas located opposite the main exchange points with the gulf particularly, the Mejerda and Meliane Rivers, the Khalij Channel, Ghar El Melh and El Malah lagoons, Tunis Lake and Sebkhat Ariana. However, further ecological indices (Potential ecological risk index, Toxic unit and Mean effect-range median quotient) and comparison with sediment quality guidelines suggest that in addition to Mercury, Cr, Pb and Ni concentrations are detrimental to biota in both the offshore and areas near to the exchange points with the gulf. Moreover, in these areas the results from sequential extraction and individual contamination factor calculation pointed to the mobility and bioavailability of Cr, Pb and Ni.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haïfa Ben Mna
- Laboratoire des Ressources Minérales et Environnement, Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar, 2092, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Amine Helali
- Laboratoire des Ressources Minérales et Environnement, Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar, 2092, Tunisia
| | - Walid Oueslati
- Laboratoire des Ressources Minérales et Environnement, Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar, 2092, Tunisia
| | - Sirine Amri
- Laboratoire des Ressources Minérales et Environnement, Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar, 2092, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, La Bouloie, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fossile E, Sabbatini A, Spagnoli F, Caridi F, Dell'Anno A, De Marco R, Dinelli E, Droghini E, Tramontana M, Negri A. Sensitivity of foraminiferal-based indices to evaluate the ecological quality status of marine coastal benthic systems: A case study of the Gulf of Manfredonia (southern Adriatic Sea). Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 163:111933. [PMID: 33484989 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to compare two foraminiferal based biotic indices generally used to evaluate the ecological quality status (EcoQS): the Foram-AMBI and the Foram Stress Index (FSI). For this purpose, we report the distribution and diversity of living foraminiferal assemblages and the environmental variables from a bathymetric transect in the Southern Adriatic Sea. The two indices agree well with the detected organic enrichment but indicate conflicting EcoQS as the Foram-AMBI detects good environmental conditions, whereas the FSI describes a poor-moderate quality. Many species not assigned (including soft-shelled foraminifera) are to blame for the different results. Also, both foraminiferal-based indices neglect the heavy metal increase encountered in the deepest stations. These findings suggest the need for a more in-depth analysis to improve the ecological status evaluation of marine benthic systems, including other descriptors as chemical pollutants in combination with biotic indices sensitive to organic matter enrichment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Fossile
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Sabbatini
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Federico Spagnoli
- Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesca Caridi
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Dell'Anno
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Rocco De Marco
- Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy
| | - Enrico Dinelli
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S.Donato 1, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Droghini
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Campus Scientifico E. Mattei, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Mario Tramontana
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Campus Scientifico E. Mattei, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Negri
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yanagihara M, Nakajima F, Tobino T. Development and application of a metabolomic tool to assess exposure of an estuarine amphipod to pollutants in the environment. Sci Total Environ 2021; 752:141988. [PMID: 33207530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Identifying major adverse effects on aquatic organisms in environmental samples is still challenging, and metabolomic approaches have been utilized as non-target screening techniques in the context of ecotoxicology. While existing methods have focused on statistical tests or univariate analysis, there is the need to further explore a multivariate analytical method that captures synergetic effects and associations among metabolites and toxicants. Here we show a new tool for screening sediment toxicity in the environment. First, we constructed predictive models using the metabolomic profiles and the result of exposure tests, to discriminate the toxic effects of target substances. The developed models were then applied to sediment samples collected from an actual urban area that contain chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, fluoranthene, nicotine, and osmotic stress, incorporated with exposure tests of the benthic amphipod Grandidierella japonica. As a result, the fitted models showed high predictive power (Q2 > 0.71) and could detect toxicants from mixed chemical samples across a wide range of concentrations in test datasets. The application of the constructed models to river sediment and road dust samples indicated that almost all target substances were less toxic compared with the effects at LC50 levels. Only zinc showed slight increasing trends among samples, suggesting that the proposed method can be used for prioritization of toxicants. The present work made a direct connection between chemical exposures and metabolomic responses, and draws attention to the need for further studies on interactive mechanisms of metabolites in toxicological assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miina Yanagihara
- Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Nakajima
- Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Tobino
- Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gopal V, Krishnamurthy RR, Kiran DRS, Magesh NS, Jayaprakash M. Trace metal contamination in the marine sediments off Point Calimere, Southeast coast of India. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 161:111764. [PMID: 33126144 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-five offshore sediment samples were collected after the Gaja cyclone to evaluate the sediment quality in terms of its metal concentration. The samples were examined for organic matter, textural characteristics, calcium carbonate, and trace metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Cu, and Cr). The geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor, and pollution load index revealed that the study area was highly contaminated with Cu, Zn, and Co. Reasonable to extensive contamination was observed for Fe, Cr, and Ni, whereas Mn was under the uncontaminated category. Statistical analyses revealed that the contamination of Cu, Zn, and Ni are mainly originated from human activities such as boat navigation, fuel combustion, and tourism. Cyclones such as Gaja cause ecological disturbances of the terrestrial and transitional environments and also increase the level of offshore contamination by flooding the contaminated coastal landforms and transporting the contaminants to the sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Gopal
- Department of Applied Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India.
| | - R R Krishnamurthy
- Department of Applied Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - D R Sakthi Kiran
- Department of Applied Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - N S Magesh
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco-da-Gama, Goa 403 804, India.
| | - M Jayaprakash
- Department of Applied Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sabouhi M, Ali-Taleshi MS, Bourliva A, Nejadkoorki F, Squizzato S. Insights into the anthropogenic load and occupational health risk of heavy metals in floor dust of selected workplaces in an industrial city of Iran. Sci Total Environ 2020; 744:140762. [PMID: 32712416 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn were determined in floor dusts from mechanical (MRWs) and battery repairing workshops (BRWs) in Yazd, Iran. The study aimed to evaluate the anthropogenic contribution to the presence of heavy metals (HMs), the possible sources and the related risks that could arise from occupational exposure in the studied workplace microenvironments. Among the analyzed heavy metals, Cu, Pb and Zn exhibited enhanced concentrations in the floor dusts. The EF calculations showed an extremely severe enrichment of HMs, especially for Cd, Cu and Pb, while floor dusts were characterized as "extremely polluted" with regards to those metals. In any case, both EF and Igeo values were significantly higher in the BRWs. These results were also supported by NIPI and PLI values, while contour maps of PLI values in both MRWs and BRWs outlined workshops in N-NE part of Yazd as more impacted compared to other spatial locations. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation outscored workshops activities as the principal sources of heavy metals. The health risk assessment suggested considerable non-carcinogenic risks regarding Pb in the BRWs which exhibited HQing (mean 2.91) and HI (mean 3.03) values higher than safe level. Regarding carcinogenic risks, CR values for both Cd and Cr were below the safe level (1.0 × 10-6). The occupational exposure to Pb was evaluated through the predicted BLL values, where with averages of 3.33 μg/dl and 21.4 μg/dl for MRWs and BRWs workers, respectively, indicated a severe Pb exposure for BRWs workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sabouhi
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Anna Bourliva
- Department of Geophysics, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Farhad Nejadkoorki
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Stefania Squizzato
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Costa M, Henriques B, Pinto J, Fabre E, Viana T, Ferreira N, Amaral J, Vale C, Pinheiro-Torres J, Pereira E. Influence of salinity and rare earth elements on simultaneous removal of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni and Pb from contaminated waters by living macroalgae. Environ Pollut 2020; 266:115374. [PMID: 32841840 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are of major concern due to their high persistence and toxicity. Recently, rare earth elements (REEs) concentration in aquatic ecosystems has been increasing due to their application in modern technologies. Thus, this work aimed to study, for the first time, the influence of REEs (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium and yttrium) and of salinity (10 and 30) on the removal of PTEs (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni and Pb) from contaminated waters by living macroalgae (Fucus spiralis, Fucus vesiculosus, Gracilaria sp., Osmundea pinnatifida, Ulva intestinalis and Ulva lactuca). Experiments ran for 168 h, with each macroalga exposed to saline water spiked with the six PTEs and with the six PTEs plus nine REEs (all at 1 μmol L-1) at both salinities. Results showed that all species have high affinity with Hg (90-99% of removal), not being affected neither by salinity changes nor by the presence of other PTEs or REEs. Cd showed the lowest affinity to most macroalgae, with residual concentrations in water varying between 50 and 108 μg L-1, while Pb removal always increased with salinity decline (up to 80% at salinity 10). REEs influence was clearer at salinity 30, and mainly for Pb. No substantial changes were observed in Ni and Hg sorption. For the remaining elements, the effect of REEs varied among algae species. Overall, the results highlight the role of marine macroalgae as living biofilters (particularly U. lactuca), capable of lowering the levels of top priority hazardous substances (particularly Hg) and other PTEs in water, even in the presence of the new emerging contaminants - REEs. Differences in removal efficiency between elements and macroalgae are explained by the contaminant chemistry in water and by macroalgae characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Costa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elaine Fabre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Thainara Viana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nicole Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Amaral
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | | | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Costa M, Henriques B, Pinto J, Fabre E, Dias M, Soares J, Carvalho L, Vale C, Pinheiro-Torres J, Pereira E. Influence of toxic elements on the simultaneous uptake of rare earth elements from contaminated waters by estuarine macroalgae. Chemosphere 2020; 252:126562. [PMID: 32224360 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study tested whether the presence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg and Ni), commonly found in wastewaters, interferes with the ability of macroalgae (Ulva intestinalis, Ulva lactuca, Fucus spiralis, Fucus vesiculosus, Gracilaria sp. and Osmundea pinnatifida) to remove rare earth elements (REEs) (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy and Y), which are key elements for most high technologies (e.g. electronics, aerospace, renewable energy). Results proved the high capacity of living macroalgae to remove REEs from multielement solutions, with the following sequence of bioconcentration factors being observed: U. intestinalis (2790) > Gracilaria sp. (2119) > O. pinnatifida (1742) > U. lactuca (1548) > F. vesiculosus (944) > F. spiralis (841). Competition among REEs to sorption sites on the six macroalgae was minor due to the chemical similarities between the elements. However, Ce and Y were the less removed while Gd, La and Eu the most removed among REEs. Ionic strength was an important factor in the sorption process, with salinity affecting differently the six macroalgae. Surprisingly, the presence of potential toxic elements in solution enhanced the removal of REEs. The most plausible explanation is the preferentially complexation of those elements by carbonates over REEs, which facilitates the binding of REEs cations onto the surface of macroalgae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Costa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elaine Fabre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana Dias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Soares
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Central Laboratory of Analysis (LCA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | | | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Choi J, Septian A, Shin WS. The Influence of Salinity on the Removal of Ni and Zn by Sorption onto Iron Oxide- and Manganese Oxide-Coated Sand. Sustainability 2020; 12:5815. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of salinity on the single and binary sorption of Ni and Zn onto iron oxide- and manganese oxide-coated sand (IOCS and MOCS) was investigated at pH = 5. The single sorption experimental data were fitted to Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Sips models, and a nonlinear sorption isotherm was observed (NF = 0.309–0.567). The higher Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (ABET) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of MOCS contributed to the higher maximum sorption capacities (qmL) of Ni and Zn than that of IOCS. The Ni sorption capacities in the single sorption were higher than that in the binary sorption, while the Zn sorption capacities in the single sorption were less than that in the binary sorption. The single and binary sorptions onto both IOCS and MOCS were affected by the salinity, as indicated by the decrease in sorption capacities. Satisfactory predictions were shown by the binary sorption model fitting including P-factor, ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST)–Freundlich, IAST–Langmuir, and IAST–Sips; among these, the P-factor model showed the best fitting results in predicting the influence of salinity of Ni and Zn in the binary sorption system onto IOCS and MOCS. IOCS and MOCS offer a sustainable reactive media in a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for removing Ni and Zn in the presence of salinity.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhou Z, Wang Y, Teng H, Yang H, Liu A, Li M, Niu X. Historical Evolution of Sources and Pollution Levels of Heavy Metals in the Sediment of the Shuanglong Reservoir, China. Water 2020; 12:1855. [DOI: 10.3390/w12071855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Hg, and Pb) and Pb isotope in a sediment core from the Shuanglong reservoir, Southwestern China, were investigated. Based on the constant rate of supply (CRS) model, the age span of a 60 cm sediment sample was determined to range from the years 1944 to 2015. Combined with chronology and heavy metal content, the evolution of the sources and pollution levels of heavy metals showed a changing trend composed of various stages. The sources of heavy metals transitioned from natural origins in 1944–1964 to industrial origins in 1965–2004. The subsequent reduction in heavy metal content was mainly due to the vigorous implementation of environmental protection policies from 2005 to 2012. In recent years (2013–2015), the heavy metal content has increased due to frequent human activity. Principal component analysis (PCA), correlation analysis, and the coefficient of variation (CV) analysis indicated that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and As were derived from natural processes, Pb mainly came from automobile manufacturing, and Hg was mainly from industrial sources. The values of the geo-accumulation index (Ig), single pollution index (Pi), and single potential ecological risk index (Er) showed that the contamination of Hg and Pb was slight to moderate. Moreover, the values of the potential ecological risk index (RI), pollution load index (PLI), and Nemerow index (PN) indicated that the Shuanglong reservoir is under low ecological risk.
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu J, Zhang J, Lu S, Zhang D, Tong Z, Yan Y, Hu B. Interannual variation, ecological risk and human health risk of heavy metals in oyster-cultured sediments in the Maowei Estuary, China, from 2011 to 2018. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 154:111039. [PMID: 32174492 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) in aquaculture-influenced sediments pose a threat to both aquatic ecosystems and human health via aquatic product intake. Based on a long-term (from 2011 to 2018) study, the concentrations of five HMs in oyster-cultured sediments in the Maowei Estuary, China, were ranked as follows: Pb (17.58 ± 10.82 mg/kg) > Cu (17.15 ± 8.61 mg/kg) > As (10.27 ± 5.24 mg/kg) > Cd (0.16 ± 0.14 mg/kg) > Hg (0.067 ± 0.033 mg/kg). These concentrations were all close to the guide values in China and those reported in other studies. However, through the Mann-Kendall test, Cu showed obvious increasing interannual trends, and according to ecological risk assessment, the sediments were highly contaminated with Cu and Hg. The health risks to local residents via oyster intake showed that both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risk did not exceed the safety criteria (THQ = 1, TCR = 10-6). The current study suggests that ecological and human health risks be integrated to control HMs in the Maowei Estuary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Jianbing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Shuanglong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Qinzhou Marine Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting Center, Qinzhou 535000, China; School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhicheng Tong
- Qinzhou Marine Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting Center, Qinzhou 535000, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Baoqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Radziemska M, Bęś A, Gusiatin ZM, Majewski G, Mazur Z, Bilgin A, Jaskulska I, Brtnický M. Immobilization of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTE) by Mineral-Based Amendments: Remediation of Contaminated Soils in Post-Industrial Sites. Minerals 2020; 10:87. [DOI: 10.3390/min10020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In many post-industrial sites, the high contents and high mobility of different potentially toxic elements (PTEs) make the soils unsuitable for effective management and use. Therefore, immobilization of PTE seems to be the best remediation option for such areas. In the present study, soil samples were collected in post-industrial areas in Northeastern Poland. The analyzed soil was characterized by especially high contents of Cd (22 mg·kg−1), Pb (13 540 mg·kg−1), and Zn (8433 mg·kg−1). Yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) and two types of mineral-based amendments were used to determine their combined remediation effect on PTE immobilization. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of chalcedonite and halloysite on plant growth, chlorophyll a fluorescence, the leaf greenness index (SPAD), PTE uptake, and the physicochemical properties and toxicity of soil. The application of chalcedonite resulted in the greatest increase in soil pH, whereas halloysite contributed to the greatest reduction in the contents of Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr in soil, compared with the control treatment. The addition of halloysite significantly increased plant biomass. The application of mineral-based amendments increased the ratio of variable fluorescence to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in yellow lupine leaves. The leaf greenness index was highest in plants growing in soil amended with chalcedonite. The results of this study suggest that mineral-based amendments combined with yellow lupine could potentially be used for aided phytostabilization of multi-PTE contaminated soil in a post-industrial area.
Collapse
|